TWI595940B - Manufacturing method for screw - Google Patents
Manufacturing method for screw Download PDFInfo
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- TWI595940B TWI595940B TW102145397A TW102145397A TWI595940B TW I595940 B TWI595940 B TW I595940B TW 102145397 A TW102145397 A TW 102145397A TW 102145397 A TW102145397 A TW 102145397A TW I595940 B TWI595940 B TW I595940B
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Description
本發明係關於一種螺桿的製造方法，特別關於一種具有較大螺旋角的螺旋式溝槽的螺桿的製造方法。 The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a screw, and more particularly to a method of manufacturing a screw having a spiral groove having a large helix angle.
滾珠螺桿為一種廣泛應用在許多機械設備中的裝置，其設置的目的在於提供精密的傳動功能，藉由機械操作中的旋轉運動與直線運動，進而使承載的機台或物件於直線方向上進行作動。目前所應用之滾珠螺桿的基本元件組成包括一螺桿、一螺帽、複數滾珠，螺桿表面係具有螺旋式溝槽，螺帽之內表面亦具有螺旋式內溝槽，能與螺桿間形成一滾珠通道，使滾珠容置於其中，並與螺桿、螺帽形成相對滾動的關係，以降低螺桿與螺帽之間相對轉動之摩擦力。 The ball screw is a device widely used in many mechanical devices. The purpose of the ball screw is to provide a precise transmission function. In the mechanical operation, the rotary motion and the linear motion are used to carry the loaded machine or object in a straight line. Actuate. The basic component of the ball screw currently used includes a screw, a nut, and a plurality of balls. The surface of the screw has a spiral groove, and the inner surface of the nut also has a spiral inner groove, which can form a ball with the screw. The passageway allows the balls to be placed therein and forms a relative rolling relationship with the screw and the nut to reduce the frictional force between the screw and the nut.
其中，為使機械設備能夠提升運作速度或產量，螺桿需承受較大的負載量。通常，會於螺桿上形成螺旋角較大的螺旋式溝槽，以提升螺桿的負載能力，並保持滾珠螺桿的工作穩定。 Among them, in order to enable the mechanical equipment to increase the operating speed or output, the screw has to bear a large load. Usually, a spiral groove having a large helix angle is formed on the screw to increase the load capacity of the screw and keep the work of the ball screw stable.
而綜觀目前的螺桿製程，大抵上係以輥軋或研磨來形成。前者主要係將胚料放置於輥輪之間，以適當之壓力軋壓成預定的螺旋式溝槽後，再進行拋光的處理。輥軋雖適合用以製作螺旋角較大的螺桿，然而，其存在著無法補償過程中產生的變形量的問題。而後者則係先利用車刀的方式進行粗研磨，經過部分表面處理後，再利用砂輪進行較精細的研磨。此法雖可形成精度較高的成品，且過程中無須經過拋光的手續，然而其所花費的製造時間較長，且由於工具機的限制，導致難以形成螺旋角較大的螺桿。 Looking at the current screw process, it is basically formed by rolling or grinding. The former mainly places the blank material between the rollers, and presses it into a predetermined spiral groove under an appropriate pressure, and then performs polishing treatment. Rolling is suitable for making a screw having a large helix angle, however, there is a problem that it is impossible to compensate for the amount of deformation generated in the process. In the latter case, the rough grinding is first carried out by means of a turning tool, and after partial surface treatment, the grinding wheel is used for fine grinding. Although this method can form a finished product with high precision, and there is no need to go through the polishing process in the process, the manufacturing time taken for it is long, and due to the limitation of the machine tool, it is difficult to form a screw with a large helix angle.
換言之，以目前的螺桿製程而言，所製造的產品都無法同時達到兼具較大螺旋角、減少變形量的產生以及高精度的要求。 In other words, in the current screw process, the manufactured products cannot simultaneously achieve the requirements of having a large helix angle, reducing the amount of deformation, and high precision.
因此，如何提供一種螺桿的製造方法，能夠在製程速度的要求下，形成兼具較大螺旋角、減少變形量的產生以及高精度的螺桿，以確保應用時整體裝置能進行精密及穩定的作動，已成為重要課題之一。 Therefore, how to provide a method for manufacturing a screw can form a screw having a large helix angle, a reduced amount of deformation, and a high precision under the requirement of a process speed, so as to ensure precise and stable operation of the entire device during application. Has become one of the important topics.
有鑑於上述課題，本發明之目的為提供一種螺桿的製造方法，能夠在製程速度的要求下，形成兼具較大螺旋角、減少變形量的產生以及高精度的螺桿，以確保應用時整體裝置能進行精密及穩定的作動。 In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a screw capable of forming a screw having a large helix angle, reducing the amount of deformation, and high precision under the request of a process speed, thereby ensuring an integral device at the time of application. Can perform precise and stable operation.
為達上述目的，依據本發明之一種螺桿的製造方法，用以將一胚料製成具有一螺旋式溝槽的一螺桿，該螺桿的製造方法包括以下步驟：以輥軋方式於胚料上形成一預成型螺旋溝槽；對具有預成型螺旋溝槽之胚料進行一表面硬化步驟；對經過表面硬化之胚料進行一拋光步驟；對經過拋光之胚料進行一校直步驟；以及研磨經過校直之胚料上之預成型螺旋溝槽之至少部分弧面，以形成具有螺旋式溝槽的螺桿。 In order to achieve the above object, a method for manufacturing a screw according to the present invention is for forming a billet into a screw having a spiral groove, and the method for manufacturing the screw includes the following steps: rolling on the billet Forming a preformed spiral groove; performing a surface hardening step on the blank having the preformed spiral groove; performing a polishing step on the surface hardened blank; performing a straightening step on the polished blank; and grinding At least a portion of the arcuate surface of the preformed spiral groove on the straightened blank is formed to form a screw having a helical groove.
在一實施例中，螺旋式溝槽係為哥德牙式溝槽。 In one embodiment, the spiral groove is a Gothic groove.
在一實施例中，螺旋式溝槽之螺旋角係介於1~50度。 In one embodiment, the spiral groove has a helix angle of between 1 and 50 degrees.
在一實施例中，表面硬化步驟係對經過輥軋而具有預成型螺旋溝槽之胚料進行一加熱處理步驟。 In one embodiment, the surface hardening step performs a heat treatment step on the billet having a pre-formed spiral groove that has been rolled.
在一實施例中，加熱處理步驟係包括火焰硬化或高週波感應方式。 In one embodiment, the heat treatment step comprises flame hardening or high frequency induction.
在一實施例中，校直步驟更進一步包括對經過拋光之該胚料之外徑進行研磨。 In an embodiment, the straightening step further comprises grinding the outer diameter of the polished blank.
在一實施例中，製造方法係以一平砂輪來研磨經過拋光之胚料之外徑。 In one embodiment, the method of manufacturing uses a flat grinding wheel to grind the outer diameter of the polished blank.
在一實施例中，研磨預成型螺旋溝槽之部分弧面係以成型砂輪進行研磨。 In one embodiment, a portion of the curved surface of the ground preformed spiral groove is ground with a forming wheel.
在一實施例中，部分弧面之角度係為由預成型螺旋溝槽之底部向預成型螺旋溝槽之外徑方向延伸之45±20度。 In one embodiment, the angle of the partial arcuate surface is 45 ± 20 degrees extending from the bottom of the preformed spiral groove toward the outer diameter of the preformed spiral groove.
在一實施例中，製造方法係應用於滾珠螺桿。 In one embodiment, the method of manufacture is applied to a ball screw.
承上所述，依據本發明之螺桿的製造方法，係透過以輥軋方式於胚料上形成一預成型螺旋溝槽並經表面硬化處理，再對經過表面硬化處理的胚料依序進行拋光、校直、以及研磨經過上述步驟的預成型螺旋溝槽的至少部分表面，以形成具有螺旋式溝槽的螺桿。因此能夠在製程速度的要求下，形成兼具較大螺旋角、減少變形量的產生以及高精度的螺桿。 According to the above, the method for manufacturing the screw according to the present invention is to sequentially polish a surface-hardened blank by forming a preformed spiral groove on the blank by rolling and surface hardening. Straightening, and grinding at least a portion of the surface of the preformed spiral groove through the above steps to form a screw having a helical groove. Therefore, it is possible to form a screw having a large helix angle, a reduced amount of deformation, and a high precision at the request of the processing speed.
相較於習知的螺桿製程，本發明於輥軋及表面硬化步驟後再進行拋光研磨，能夠有效地將熱處理後的脫炭磨除，以提高螺桿的使用壽命。再者，於一實施例中，在校直步驟中再進行外徑研磨亦有利於將先前表面處理時所產生的變形量移除，進而提高螺桿的精度，使螺桿應用於滾珠螺桿時能夠順利運作。 Compared with the conventional screw process, the present invention performs polishing and grinding after the rolling and surface hardening steps, and can effectively remove the decarburization after the heat treatment to improve the service life of the screw. Furthermore, in an embodiment, performing the outer diameter grinding in the straightening step is also advantageous for removing the deformation amount generated in the previous surface treatment, thereby improving the precision of the screw, and the screw can be smoothly applied to the ball screw. Operation.
1‧‧‧螺桿 1‧‧‧ screw
11‧‧‧螺旋狀溝槽 11‧‧‧Spiral groove
2‧‧‧胚料 2‧‧‧Bullet
2a‧‧‧(經過輥軋之)胚料 2a‧‧‧ (rolled) billet
2b‧‧‧(經過拋光之)胚料 2b‧‧‧ (polished) billet
2c‧‧‧(經過校直之)胚料 2c‧‧‧ (through straightening) billets
21、21b、21c‧‧‧預成型螺旋溝槽 21, 21b, 21c‧‧‧ preformed spiral grooves
211c‧‧‧(預成型螺旋溝槽21c之被磨除的)部分弧面 211c‧‧‧ (partially curved surface of the pre-formed spiral groove 21c)
212b‧‧‧(預成型螺旋溝槽21c之)溝槽弧面 212b‧‧‧ (pre-formed spiral groove 21c) groove curved surface
212c‧‧‧(預成型螺旋溝槽21c之)底部 212c‧‧‧ (preformed spiral groove 21c) bottom
210、213c‧‧‧外徑 210, 213c‧‧‧ outer diameter
3‧‧‧滾輪 3‧‧‧Rollers
4‧‧‧成型砂輪機 4‧‧‧Molding grinder
5‧‧‧感應線圈 5‧‧‧Induction coil
6‧‧‧平砂輪機 6‧‧‧ flat grinder
61‧‧‧(砂輪機的)頂心 61‧‧‧ (grinding of the grinder)
7‧‧‧(校直機)壓頭 7‧‧‧ (straight straight) head
71‧‧‧(校直機的)頂心 71‧‧‧ (right of the straightening machine)
72‧‧‧彎曲測量元件 72‧‧‧Bending measuring components
73‧‧‧支點 73‧‧‧ fulcrum
S11~S19‧‧‧步驟 S11~S19‧‧‧Steps
B‧‧‧滾珠 B‧‧‧Balls
B1‧‧‧曲率中心 B1‧‧‧ Curvature Center
W1‧‧‧(因表面硬化處理而產生的)熱變形部分 W1‧‧‧ (thermally deformed part due to surface hardening treatment)
W2‧‧‧凸起 W2‧‧‧ bump
θ‧‧‧角度 Θ‧‧‧ angle
圖1為依據本發明一實施例之螺桿的製造方法的步驟流程圖。 1 is a flow chart showing the steps of a method of manufacturing a screw according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖2為應用圖1之製造方法加工完成所得之螺桿的外觀示意圖。 Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the appearance of a screw obtained by applying the manufacturing method of Fig. 1.
圖3A為應用圖1之製造方法的步驟S11的操作示意圖。 FIG. 3A is a schematic view showing the operation of step S11 of the manufacturing method of FIG. 1.
圖3B為經過圖1之製造方法的步驟S11所形成具有預成型螺旋溝槽之胚料部分示意圖。 Fig. 3B is a schematic view showing a portion of a blank having a preformed spiral groove formed through the step S11 of the manufacturing method of Fig. 1.
圖3C應用圖1之製造方法的步驟S13的操作示意圖。 FIG. 3C is a schematic view showing the operation of step S13 of the manufacturing method of FIG. 1.
圖3D為應用圖1之製造方法的步驟S17的操作示意圖。 FIG. 3D is a schematic view showing the operation of step S17 of the manufacturing method of FIG. 1.
圖3E為研磨外徑步驟的操作示意圖。 Fig. 3E is a schematic view showing the operation of the step of grinding the outer diameter.
圖3F為經過研磨外徑後之胚料部分示意圖。 Figure 3F is a schematic view of a portion of the blank after grinding the outer diameter.
圖3G為應用圖1之製造方法的步驟S19的操作示意圖。 FIG. 3G is a schematic diagram of the operation of step S19 of the manufacturing method of FIG. 1.
圖4為經過圖1所示之步驟S19加工之胚料的預成型螺旋溝槽與滾珠搭配示意圖。 4 is a schematic view showing the matching of the preformed spiral groove and the ball through the blank processed in the step S19 shown in FIG. 1.
以下將參照相關圖式，說明依本發明較佳實施例之一種螺桿的製造方法，其中相同的元件將以相同的參照符號加以說明。 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing a screw according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the same elements will be described with the same reference numerals.
圖1為依據本發明一實施例之螺桿的製造方法的步驟流程 圖，圖2為應用圖1之製造方法加工完成所得之螺桿的外觀示意圖。請同時參考圖1及圖2所示，本實施例之螺桿1係應用於滾珠螺桿(Ball Screw)，螺桿1係為一圓柱狀桿體，且其外表面具有一沿縱軸連續纏繞的螺旋狀溝槽11。而本實施例之一種螺桿的製造方法，可包括以下步驟：以輥軋方式於胚料上形成一預成型螺旋溝槽(S11)；對經過輥軋而具有預成型螺旋溝槽之胚料進行一表面硬化步驟(S13)；對經過表面硬化之胚料進行拋光步驟(S15)；對經過拋光之胚料進行一校直步驟(S17)；以及研磨經過校直之胚料上之預成型螺旋溝槽之至少部分弧面，以形成具有螺旋式溝槽的螺桿(S19)。 1 is a flow chart showing the steps of a method for manufacturing a screw according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the appearance of a screw obtained by applying the manufacturing method of FIG. 1. Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 simultaneously, the screw 1 of the embodiment is applied to a ball screw, the screw 1 is a cylindrical rod body, and the outer surface thereof has a spiral continuously wound along the longitudinal axis. Shaped groove 11. The method for manufacturing the screw of the embodiment may include the steps of: forming a pre-formed spiral groove on the blank by rolling (S11); and forming the preform having the pre-formed spiral groove by rolling a surface hardening step (S13); a polishing step of the surface hardened blank (S15); a straightening step (S17) of the polished blank; and a pre-formed spiral groove on the straightened blank At least a portion of the groove is curved to form a screw having a spiral groove (S19).
於各步驟說明時，可同時參照圖2所示的螺桿1的外觀示意圖，以及圖3A~圖3G所示的步驟示意圖，以利理解本發明之技術內容。 For the description of each step, the schematic diagram of the appearance of the screw 1 shown in FIG. 2 and the schematic diagram of the steps shown in FIGS. 3A to 3G can be simultaneously referred to to understand the technical content of the present invention.
圖3A為應用圖1之製造方法的步驟S11的操作示意圖，請同時參考圖1及圖3A所示，於步驟S11中，以輥軋方式於一胚料2上形成一預成型螺旋溝槽21。具體來說，胚料2可為金屬塊狀或柱狀材料，將胚料2置於旋轉的以圓滾模式運動的二滾輪3之間，以壓力冷擠、輾壓，使二滾輪3之間的距離慢慢減少，同時迫使胚料2產生塑性流動，進而形成預成型螺旋溝槽21。須說明的是，圖3A僅示意步驟S11之執行過程，其設置位置、細節非用以限制本發明。請參考圖3B，經過輥軋方式於胚料2上所形成的預成型螺旋溝槽21，尚具有後續需再行磨除的凸起W2。圖3B中虛線部份則為後續預定磨除到的溝槽表面。 3A is a schematic view showing the operation of the step S11 of the manufacturing method of FIG. 1. Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3A simultaneously, in step S11, a preformed spiral groove 21 is formed on a blank 2 by rolling. . Specifically, the billet 2 may be a metal block or column material, and the billet 2 is placed between the two rollers 3 that are rotated in a rolling mode, and the two rollers 3 are pressed by pressure. The distance between them is gradually reduced, and at the same time, the blank 2 is forced to flow plastically, thereby forming a preformed spiral groove 21. It should be noted that FIG. 3A only illustrates the execution process of step S11, and its setting position and details are not intended to limit the present invention. Referring to FIG. 3B, the preformed spiral groove 21 formed on the blank 2 by the rolling method has a protrusion W2 which needs to be further removed. The dotted line portion in Fig. 3B is the surface of the groove to which the subsequent grinding is predetermined.
於胚料2上所形成的預成型螺旋溝槽21係為半成品，故完成前述步驟S11之輥軋程序後，則進行步驟S13，對經過輥軋而具有預成型螺旋溝槽21的胚料2a進行一表面硬化步驟。請同時參考圖1及圖3C所示，圖3C為應用圖1之製造方法的步驟S13的操作示意圖。詳細而言，於本實施例中，表面硬化步驟係對於經過經過輥軋之胚料2a進行一加熱處理步驟，即表面熱處理，以加強後續所形成的螺桿的硬度。上述之加熱處理步驟可包括火焰硬化或高週波感應方式，本發明不予以限制。須說明的是，圖3C僅示意步驟S13之執行過程，本實施例係應用感應線圈5為例，將胚料2a置入感應線圈5，接著對感應線圈5通以高周波電流，以產生磁場， 經電磁感應而在胚料2a內部產生與感應線圈5的高周波電流為反向的感應電流，使胚料2a的表面急速加熱，但胚料2a的中心仍保持低溫或僅提升少量溫度(亦即相對於其表面仍維持較低的溫度)。藉此，以硬化胚料2的表面。然其設置位置或加熱參數非用以限制本發明。 The preformed spiral groove 21 formed on the blank 2 is a semi-finished product. Therefore, after the rolling process of the foregoing step S11 is completed, the step S13 is performed, and the blank 2a having the preformed spiral groove 21 is rolled. A surface hardening step is performed. Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3C simultaneously. FIG. 3C is a schematic diagram of the operation of step S13 of the manufacturing method of FIG. In detail, in the present embodiment, the surface hardening step performs a heat treatment step, that is, surface heat treatment, on the rolled billet 2a to reinforce the hardness of the screw formed subsequently. The heat treatment step described above may include flame hardening or high frequency induction, which is not limited in the present invention. It should be noted that FIG. 3C only illustrates the execution process of step S13. In this embodiment, the induction coil 5 is applied as an example, and the blank 2a is placed in the induction coil 5, and then the induction coil 5 is connected with a high-frequency current to generate a magnetic field. An induction current which is opposite to the high-frequency current of the induction coil 5 is generated inside the blank 2a by electromagnetic induction, so that the surface of the blank 2a is rapidly heated, but the center of the blank 2a is kept at a low temperature or only a small temperature is raised (ie, Maintain a lower temperature relative to its surface). Thereby, the surface of the blank 2 is hardened. However, its location or heating parameters are not intended to limit the invention.
經過前述步驟S13表面硬化處理之胚料2a，仍需進行拋光處理，以於實際應用時提高螺旋機械產品中螺旋曲面的加工精度以及滿足自動化生產的需要。因此接著進行步驟S15，拋光具有預成型螺旋溝槽21且經過表面硬化處理的胚料2a的表面。惟本發明並不限制拋光的方式，於實際應用時，其可應用拋光機進行物理式的拋光，或是應用化學拋光之方式，其係以對具有預成型螺旋溝槽21且經表面硬化處理之胚料2a能進行脫炭磨除，以及去除胚料2a的毛邊為主，故有助於提高螺桿的使用壽命且降低組裝的公差。又，上述未說明之其他操作部分應為本發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者所能理解者，於此不再贅述。 The blank 2a subjected to the surface hardening treatment in the foregoing step S13 still needs to be polished to improve the processing precision of the spiral curved surface in the spiral mechanical product and meet the needs of automated production in practical applications. Therefore, proceeding to step S15, the surface of the billet 2a having the pre-formed spiral groove 21 and subjected to the surface hardening treatment is polished. However, the present invention does not limit the manner of polishing. In practical applications, it may be applied by a polishing machine for physical polishing, or by chemical polishing, which has a preformed spiral groove 21 and is surface hardened. The billet 2a can be subjected to decarburization and removal, and the burrs of the blank 2a are mainly removed, thereby contributing to an increase in the service life of the screw and a reduction in assembly tolerance. Further, other operational portions not described above should be understood by those having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains, and will not be described herein.
於步驟S17，再接著對經過前述S15拋光步驟的胚料2b進行一校直步驟。詳細而言，經過S13表面硬化處理步驟及S15拋光處理步驟的胚料2b，可能不會是完全平直的而仍有些彎曲。因此為了要矯正因熱處理或研磨所產生的工件彎曲，可利用一校直機對胚料2b進行校直。請參考圖3D，若以進行壓力校直方式為例，則以校直機的二頂心71夾住胚料2b，以彎曲測量元件72量測胚料2b發生彎曲或翹曲的部份以及幅度，並將胚料2b置於二支點73使該彎曲或翹曲部份形成反彎；接著以校直機壓頭7再對該部分施加一相等於材料彈復量的壓彎量，使該彎曲或翹曲部分獲得矯正。而於其他實施例中，亦可利用滾輪校直方式或是回轉矯直方式，或更可將先上述之工件置放於檢測平台上，利用厚薄規或光學檢測方式進行工件的整體平直度檢測後再進行彎曲或翹曲部分的矯正，本發明於此不限。整體來說，胚料2b經過校直步驟後，在製作完成並組裝為成品後，會與其他組件(例如螺帽)有較佳的同心度。 In step S17, a step of straightening is then performed on the blank 2b which has passed through the polishing step S15 described above. In detail, the blank 2b subjected to the S13 surface hardening treatment step and the S15 polishing treatment step may not be completely straight but still somewhat curved. Therefore, in order to correct the bending of the workpiece due to heat treatment or grinding, the straightening machine 2 can be used to straighten the blank 2b. Referring to FIG. 3D, if the pressure straightening method is taken as an example, the blank 2b of the straightening machine is used to clamp the blank 2b, and the bending measuring component 72 measures the portion where the blank 2b is bent or warped. The amplitude, and the blank 2b is placed at the two fulcrums 73 to form the curved or warped portion to form a reverse bend; then the straightening head 7 is applied to the portion to apply a bending amount equal to the material elastic amount. The curved or warped portion is corrected. In other embodiments, the roller alignment method or the rotary straightening method may be used, or the above-mentioned workpiece may be placed on the detection platform, and the overall flatness of the workpiece may be performed by using a thin gauge or an optical inspection method. The correction of the bent or warped portion is performed after the detection, and the present invention is not limited thereto. In general, after the straightening step, the blank 2b has better concentricity with other components (such as nuts) after being finished and assembled into finished products.
請參考圖3E，為使具有預成型螺旋溝槽21b之胚料2b的外徑210具有更佳的平整度及精度，可再利用但不限於平砂輪機6對經過拋光的胚料2b的外徑210進行研磨。亦即以平砂輪機6的二頂心61夾住胚 料2b進行旋轉及軸向往復移動，以平砂輪機6對胚料2b的外徑210進行研磨。請參考圖3F，經過此外徑研磨之步驟處理後，原本因表面硬化處理而產生的熱變形部分W1因而被磨除，使其外徑210具有一定的平整度與精度，而可同時作為後續研磨其他部分的基準，有利於降低整體加工製程以及後續成品組裝時的公差。至於實現研磨的手段係為本創作所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者所能理解者，於此不再贅述。 Referring to FIG. 3E, in order to make the outer diameter 210 of the blank 2b having the pre-formed spiral groove 21b have better flatness and precision, it can be reused but not limited to the flat grinder 6 outside the polished blank 2b. The diameter 210 is ground. That is, the embryo is clamped by the two top cores 61 of the flat grinder 6 The material 2b is rotated and axially reciprocated, and the outer diameter 210 of the blank 2b is ground by the flat grinder 6. Referring to FIG. 3F, after the step of OD grinding, the heat-deformed portion W1 originally produced by the surface hardening treatment is thus removed, so that the outer diameter 210 has a certain degree of flatness and precision, and can be simultaneously used as a subsequent grinding. Benchmarks in other sections help to reduce tolerances in the overall machining process and subsequent assembly of finished products. The means for achieving the grinding is understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the author belongs, and will not be described herein.
透過上述步驟S17校直後所呈現的胚料2c，則接著再進行步驟S19。請同時參考圖1、圖3G及圖4所示，其中，圖3G為應用圖1之製造方法的步驟S19的操作示意圖，圖4為圖1所示之步驟加工經過校直之胚料2c上的預成型螺旋溝槽21c的至少部分弧面的部分放大示意圖。步驟S19研磨經過校直之胚料2c上的預成型螺旋溝槽21c的至少部分弧面211c，以形成具有一螺旋式溝槽11的螺桿1。相較於步驟S11以輥軋方式進行的預成型，步驟S19則為對螺旋式溝槽進行精緻的研磨，故此步驟可稱之為精磨。詳細而言，步驟S19係透過一成型砂輪機4對預成型螺旋溝槽21c施以精密地研磨，且精磨程序亦可透過二頂心(圖未示)夾持經過校直之胚料2c來進行。須說明的是，圖3G僅示意步驟S19之執行過程，其應用之設備、工件的設置位置或其他細節，非用以限制本發明。 After the blank 2c presented by the above-described step S17 is straightened, the process proceeds to step S19. Please refer to FIG. 1 , FIG. 3G and FIG. 4 , wherein FIG. 3G is a schematic diagram of the operation of step S19 of the manufacturing method of FIG. 1 , and FIG. 4 is a step of processing the straightened blank 2 c of the step shown in FIG. 1 . A partially enlarged schematic view of at least a portion of the arcuate surface of the preformed spiral groove 21c. Step S19 grinds at least a portion of the curved surface 211c of the preformed spiral groove 21c on the straightened blank 2c to form the screw 1 having a spiral groove 11. Compared with the pre-forming by the rolling method in the step S11, the step S19 is to perform the fine grinding on the spiral groove, so this step can be called fine grinding. In detail, in step S19, the pre-formed spiral groove 21c is precisely ground through a molding grinder 4, and the refining process can also clamp the straightened blank 2c through the two top cores (not shown). get on. It should be noted that FIG. 3G only illustrates the execution process of step S19, and the device to be applied, the position of the workpiece, or other details are not used to limit the present invention.
進一步而言，於步驟S19之精磨步驟中，僅需研磨預成型螺旋溝槽21c的至少部分弧面211c(亦即圖3G中的凸起W2)即可達成精磨之效果。所稱之部分弧面211c係可為以預定經磨除而成形之溝槽弧面212b之曲率中心為準，由預成型螺旋溝槽21c的底部212c向預成型螺旋溝槽21c的外徑213c方向兩邊延伸的45±20度的區域(如圖4所示之角度θ所涵蓋之凸起W2部份)。此外，預成型螺旋溝槽21c的底部212c可為一凹陷構型，亦即可為一潤滑溝或油溝，而於日後組配完成時，可容置潤滑液或潤滑油以作為潤滑之用途；此外，此一構型也可於此S19之精磨步驟中，容置研磨液或冷卻液而供其流動，進而帶走於研磨過程中所產生的廢熱，更能有效降低研磨過程中因廢熱累積而導致的熱變形。預成型螺旋溝槽21c的底部212c此一凹陷構型，可由步驟S11的輥軋方式而直接成型。而圖4即將未來於製作完成後與螺桿1組配之滾珠B，先行與預成型螺旋溝槽21c 之搭配示意圖。如圖中所示，於預成型螺旋溝槽21c中，滾珠B之吃點角度即可為底部212c向外徑213c兩側方向延伸的45度。而經磨除凸起W2之溝槽弧面212b即為滾珠B與預成型螺旋溝槽21c之有效接觸範圍(即為底部212c向外徑213c方向延伸的45±20度之範圍)，且與滾珠B之球面互相契合；而於運動時，可因此而盡量降低兩者互相摩擦而生之震動。故相較於習知螺桿製程中的精磨程序而言，需完整研磨預成型螺旋溝槽21c的整個表面，本發明可以減少實施上所需耗費的時間，並在一定的精度水準下，快速地製成。 Further, in the refining step of step S19, only the at least part of the curved surface 211c of the preformed spiral groove 21c (that is, the protrusion W2 in FIG. 3G) needs to be polished to achieve the effect of fine grinding. The portion of the curved surface 211c may be the center of curvature of the grooved arc surface 212b formed by the predetermined ablation, and the outer diameter 213c of the pre-formed spiral groove 21c from the bottom portion 212c of the preformed spiral groove 21c. The area of 45 ± 20 degrees extending on both sides of the direction (the portion of the protrusion W2 covered by the angle θ shown in Fig. 4). In addition, the bottom portion 212c of the pre-formed spiral groove 21c may be a recessed configuration, that is, a lubrication groove or an oil groove, and may be used for lubricating purposes when the assembly is completed in the future. In addition, this configuration can also be used in the refining step of S19 to accommodate the flow of the slurry or the cooling liquid, thereby taking away the waste heat generated during the grinding process, and effectively reducing the cause of the grinding process. Thermal deformation caused by accumulation of waste heat. The bottom portion 212c of the preformed spiral groove 21c is in a recessed configuration and can be directly formed by the rolling method of the step S11. And FIG. 4 is the ball B which is matched with the screw 1 in the future after the completion of the production, and the pre-formed spiral groove 21c The schematic diagram of the match. As shown in the figure, in the preformed spiral groove 21c, the eating angle of the ball B may be 45 degrees in which the bottom portion 212c extends toward both sides of the outer diameter 213c. The groove arc surface 212b of the grinding protrusion W2 is the effective contact range of the ball B and the pre-formed spiral groove 21c (that is, the range of 45±20 degrees extending from the bottom portion 212c toward the outer diameter 213c), and The spherical surfaces of the balls B fit together, and during the movement, the vibrations caused by the friction between the two can be minimized. Therefore, compared with the refining process in the conventional screw process, the entire surface of the pre-formed spiral groove 21c needs to be completely polished, and the invention can reduce the time required for implementation and is fast at a certain level of precision. Made of ground.
根據上述，經過本實施例之步驟S11~S19，可形成具有如圖2所示的螺旋式溝槽11的螺桿1。其中，本實施例之螺旋式溝槽11係為哥德牙式溝槽，且所形成的螺旋式溝槽11的螺旋角可介於1~50度，較佳係介於5~50度，更佳係形成具有介於20~50度的螺旋角的螺旋式溝槽11。且上述關於螺旋角之較佳實施範圍及更佳實施範圍皆分別包含上述範圍內任二數值的組合。然特別需說明的是，所稱之較佳實施範圍及更佳實施範圍並非限定僅能應用於範圍內之角度，而係指本實施例之製造方法具有形成該範圍之角度的螺旋角的能力。換言之，相較於習知的螺桿製程在考量到精度的問題下，較難以形成螺旋角大於20度以上的螺桿成品，本實施例之螺桿的製造方法則可製成螺旋角大於20度以上的螺桿成品。 According to the above, after the steps S11 to S19 of the present embodiment, the screw 1 having the spiral groove 11 as shown in Fig. 2 can be formed. The spiral groove 11 of the embodiment is a Gothic tooth groove, and the spiral groove 11 formed may have a helix angle of 1 to 50 degrees, preferably 5 to 50 degrees. More preferably, a spiral groove 11 having a helix angle of 20 to 50 degrees is formed. Further, the above preferred range of the helix angle and the preferred embodiment range each include a combination of any two values within the above range. It is to be understood that the preferred scope of the invention and the preferred scope of the invention are not intended to limit the scope of the application, but rather the ability of the manufacturing method of the present embodiment to have a helix angle that forms the angle of the range. . In other words, compared with the conventional screw process, it is difficult to form a screw finished product having a helix angle of more than 20 degrees, and the manufacturing method of the screw of the embodiment can be made to have a helix angle of more than 20 degrees. The finished screw.
另外，值得特別說明的是，由於本實施例係於輥軋及表面硬化步驟後再進行拋光，能夠有效地移除熱處理後所產生的炭化層，以提高螺桿的使用壽命；且更佳地，於另一實施例中，經過輥軋、表面硬化、拋光以及校直步驟後再進行外徑研磨，不僅大幅降低細小結構加工之難度與耗費時間，更有利於將熱處理時所產生的變形量移除，進而提高螺桿的精度，使螺桿應用於滾珠螺桿時能夠順利運作。 In addition, it is particularly noted that since the present embodiment is subjected to polishing after the rolling and surface hardening steps, the carbonized layer produced after the heat treatment can be effectively removed to improve the service life of the screw; and more preferably, In another embodiment, the outer diameter grinding after the rolling, surface hardening, polishing, and straightening steps not only greatly reduces the difficulty and time consuming of the fine structure processing, but also facilitates shifting the amount of deformation generated during the heat treatment. In addition, the accuracy of the screw is improved, and the screw can be smoothly operated when applied to the ball screw.
綜上所述，依據本發明之螺桿的製造方法，係透過以輥軋方式於胚料上形成一預成型螺旋溝槽並表面硬化處理其表面，再對經過表面硬化處理的胚料依序進行拋光、校直、以及研磨經過上述步驟的預成型螺旋溝槽的至少部分表面，以形成具有螺旋式溝槽的螺桿。因此能夠在製程速度的要求下，形成兼具較大螺旋角、減少變形量的產生以及高精度的螺 桿。 In summary, the method for manufacturing the screw according to the present invention is to form a preformed spiral groove on the blank by rolling and to surface harden the surface, and then sequentially perform the surface hardened blank. At least a portion of the surface of the preformed spiral groove that has been subjected to the above steps is polished, straightened, and ground to form a screw having a spiral groove. Therefore, it is possible to form a large helix angle, reduce the amount of deformation, and high-precision snails under the requirements of the processing speed. Rod.
相較於習知的螺桿製程，本發明於輥軋及表面硬化步驟後再進行拋光步驟，能夠在熱處理後有效的進行脫炭磨除，以提高螺桿的使用壽命。再者，於其中一實施例，於輥軋及拋光步驟後再進行外徑研磨亦有利於將熱處理時所產生的變形量移除，進而提高螺桿的精度，使螺桿應用於滾珠螺桿時能夠順利運作。 Compared with the conventional screw process, the present invention performs a polishing step after the rolling and surface hardening steps, and can effectively perform decarburization after heat treatment to improve the service life of the screw. Furthermore, in one embodiment, the outer diameter polishing after the rolling and polishing steps is also advantageous for removing the deformation amount generated during the heat treatment, thereby improving the precision of the screw and enabling the screw to be applied smoothly to the ball screw. Operation.
以上所述僅為舉例性，而非為限制性者。任何未脫離本發明之精神與範疇，而對其進行之等效修改或變更，均應包含於後附之申請專利範圍中。 The above is intended to be illustrative only and not limiting. Any equivalent modifications or alterations to the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included in the scope of the appended claims.
S11~S19‧‧‧步驟 S11~S19‧‧‧Steps
Claims (8)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW102145397A TWI595940B (en) | 2013-12-10 | 2013-12-10 | Manufacturing method for screw |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW102145397A TWI595940B (en) | 2013-12-10 | 2013-12-10 | Manufacturing method for screw |
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|---|---|
| TW201521909A TW201521909A (en) | 2015-06-16 |
| TWI595940B true TWI595940B (en) | 2017-08-21 |
Family
ID=53935328
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW102145397A TWI595940B (en) | 2013-12-10 | 2013-12-10 | Manufacturing method for screw |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| TW (1) | TWI595940B (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6708544B2 (en) * | 2001-02-16 | 2004-03-23 | Nsk Ltd. | Thread rolling die and process for the production thereof |
| JP4610375B2 (en) * | 2005-03-07 | 2011-01-12 | レッキス工業株式会社 | Thread rolling roller |
| TWI365783B (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2012-06-11 | ||
| TWI366660B (en) * | 2008-06-24 | 2012-06-21 | ||
| TWM446175U (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2013-02-01 | Yuh Chuan Ind Co Ltd | Conveying device for surface treatment of screws |
-
2013
- 2013-12-10 TW TW102145397A patent/TWI595940B/en active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6708544B2 (en) * | 2001-02-16 | 2004-03-23 | Nsk Ltd. | Thread rolling die and process for the production thereof |
| JP4610375B2 (en) * | 2005-03-07 | 2011-01-12 | レッキス工業株式会社 | Thread rolling roller |
| TWI365783B (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2012-06-11 | ||
| TWI366660B (en) * | 2008-06-24 | 2012-06-21 | ||
| TWM446175U (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2013-02-01 | Yuh Chuan Ind Co Ltd | Conveying device for surface treatment of screws |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| B.H.AMSTEAD,余永平,機械加工法(下),高立圖書有限公司,79年7月15日四版 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW201521909A (en) | 2015-06-16 |
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