TWI578654B - Voltage adjustment system - Google Patents
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- TWI578654B TWI578654B TW104133948A TW104133948A TWI578654B TW I578654 B TWI578654 B TW I578654B TW 104133948 A TW104133948 A TW 104133948A TW 104133948 A TW104133948 A TW 104133948A TW I578654 B TWI578654 B TW I578654B
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Description
本發明提供一種電壓調整系統,特別是指一種車用型的電壓調整系統。 The present invention provides a voltage adjustment system, and more particularly to a vehicle type voltage adjustment system.
坊間的車輛皆有電壓調整器以控制車輛中的設備之用電,例如車燈、方向燈、車內燈、警示燈、車輛系統的用電等。一般而言,車用型之電壓調整器有兩大類型,其分為短路式與開關式。 The vehicles in the workshops all have voltage regulators to control the power consumption of the equipment in the vehicle, such as lights, direction lights, interior lights, warning lights, power consumption of the vehicle system, and the like. In general, there are two types of automotive voltage regulators, which are divided into short-circuit and switch-type.
短路式系統主要具有整流迴路及穩壓迴路,整流迴路主要將磁石發電機輸出的三相交流電經由三向全波整流後而成為脈動直流電。穩壓迴路主要是偵測脈動直流電的電壓準位,當脈動直流電的電壓準位到達預設點時,將會觸發矽控整流器(SCR)而使磁石發電機的三相電經矽控整流器短路到地,當三相交流電由正電轉負電時,將使矽控整流器關閉,如此來回運作,能使電壓穩定於一定電壓準位,藉此能供車輛的各項用電設備使用。 The short-circuit system mainly has a rectifying circuit and a voltage stabilizing circuit. The rectifying circuit mainly converts the three-phase alternating current outputted by the magnet generator into three-way full-wave rectification to become a pulsating direct current. The voltage regulation loop mainly detects the voltage level of the pulsating direct current. When the voltage level of the pulsating direct current reaches the preset point, the voltage controlled rectifier (SCR) is triggered to short-circuit the three-phase electric current of the magnet generator through the controlled rectifier. To the ground, when the three-phase alternating current is turned from positive to negative, the controlled rectifier is turned off, so that the voltage can be stabilized at a certain voltage level, so that it can be used by various electrical equipment of the vehicle.
其中,短路式電壓調整器是將磁電機產生的電流扣除車輛所需負載輸出後,多餘的電能將直接透過矽控整流器短路到負極端,因此短路式電壓調整器會造成引擎效能的 浪費,且會持續產生熱能,如車輛的使用零件有瑕疵或散熱條件不良時,容易造成車輛內部零件溫度過高而產生危險。 反觀,開關式電壓調整器雖引擎效能較短路式電壓調整器好,但開關式電壓調整器的成本過高,且控制迴路較為複雜,若發生矽控整流器失控時,會造成磁電機高壓直接輸出至車輛電器設備上,反而會有讓電器設備燒毀的危險。 Wherein, the short-circuit voltage regulator is to subtract the current generated by the magnetoelectric motor from the load output of the vehicle, and the excess electric energy is directly short-circuited to the negative terminal through the controlled rectifier, so that the short-circuit voltage regulator will cause engine performance. Waste, and will continue to generate heat, such as the use of parts of the vehicle or poor heat dissipation conditions, it is easy to cause the temperature of the internal parts of the vehicle is too high and dangerous. On the other hand, although the switching voltage regulator has better engine performance than the short-circuit voltage regulator, the cost of the switching voltage regulator is too high, and the control loop is complicated. If the controlled rectifier is out of control, the high-voltage direct output of the magneto is caused. On the vehicle electrical equipment, there is a danger of burning electrical equipment.
本發明一實施例係提供一種電壓調整系統,其包含磁石發電機、切換模組以及電壓調整模組。磁石發電機具有第一輸出接點、第二輸出接點與第三輸出接點,第一輸出接點輸出第一電源,第二輸出接點輸出第二電源,第三輸出接點輸出第三電源。切換模組連接第一輸出接點、第二輸出接點與第三輸出接點,切換模組依據切換指令而與第一輸出接點、第二輸出接點或第三輸出接點構成導通或斷路。電壓調整模組連接切換模組,切換模組依據切換指令而與第一輸出接點、第二輸出接點與第三輸出接點至少二者構成導通時,電壓調整模組接收並將對應的第一電源、第二電源及第三電源中至少二者進行整流與穩壓,並輸出輸出電源,切換模組與第一輸出接點、第二輸出接點與第三輸出接點中至少二者構成斷路時,電壓調整模組停止接收第一電源、第二電源及第三電源。 An embodiment of the invention provides a voltage adjustment system including a magnet generator, a switching module, and a voltage adjustment module. The magnet generator has a first output contact, a second output contact and a third output contact, the first output contact outputs a first power supply, the second output contact outputs a second power supply, and the third output contact outputs a third output power supply. The switching module is connected to the first output contact, the second output contact and the third output contact, and the switching module is electrically connected to the first output contact, the second output contact or the third output contact according to the switching instruction or Open circuit. The voltage adjustment module is connected to the switching module, and the switching module receives and corresponds to at least two of the first output contact, the second output contact and the third output contact according to the switching instruction. At least two of the first power source, the second power source and the third power source are rectified and regulated, and output output power, and the switching module is at least two of the first output contact, the second output contact and the third output contact When the circuit is disconnected, the voltage adjustment module stops receiving the first power source, the second power source, and the third power source.
依據上述實施例,本發明可以提昇引擎的使用效 率,且能避免高壓電直接輸入至車輛的電器設備而導致燒毀,解決的過去長久存在的問題。 According to the above embodiment, the invention can improve the efficiency of the engine Rate, and can avoid high-voltage electricity directly input to the vehicle's electrical equipment and cause burnout, solving the long-standing problems in the past.
10‧‧‧磁石發電機 10‧‧‧Magnetic generator
11‧‧‧第一輸出接點 11‧‧‧First output contact
12‧‧‧第二輸出接點 12‧‧‧second output contact
13‧‧‧第三輸出接點 13‧‧‧ third output contact
20‧‧‧切換模組 20‧‧‧Switch Module
21‧‧‧繼電器 21‧‧‧ Relay
22‧‧‧檢知線 22‧‧‧Detection line
23‧‧‧切換驅動電路 23‧‧‧Switching drive circuit
30‧‧‧電壓調整模組 30‧‧‧Voltage adjustment module
31‧‧‧二極體 31‧‧‧ diode
32‧‧‧矽控整流器 32‧‧‧Controlled rectifier
33‧‧‧穩壓電路 33‧‧‧Variable circuit
40‧‧‧車用電腦模組 40‧‧‧Car Computer Module
41‧‧‧操作介面 41‧‧‧Operator interface
50‧‧‧電源模組 50‧‧‧Power Module
60‧‧‧負載電路 60‧‧‧Load circuit
第1圖是本發明的電壓調整系統一實施例的架構示意圖。 Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a voltage adjustment system of the present invention.
第2圖是本發明的電壓調整系統的另一實施例之架構圖。 Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the voltage adjustment system of the present invention.
第3圖是本發明的電壓調整模組的一實施例之詳細架構圖。 Figure 3 is a detailed architectural diagram of an embodiment of the voltage adjustment module of the present invention.
第4圖是本發明的電壓調整系統又一實施例的架構示意圖。 Fig. 4 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the voltage adjustment system of the present invention.
第1圖係本發明的電壓調整系統一實施例的架構示意圖。請參閱第1圖,電壓調整系統包含磁石發電機10、切換模組20以及電壓調整模組30,切換模組20耦接於磁石發電機10與電壓調整模組30之間。 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a voltage regulating system of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1 , the voltage adjustment system includes a magnet generator 10 , a switching module 20 , and a voltage adjustment module 30 . The switching module 20 is coupled between the magnet generator 10 and the voltage adjustment module 30 .
磁石發電機10具有第一輸出接點11、第二輸出接點12與第三輸出接點13,第一輸出接點11輸出第一電源,第二輸出接點12輸出第二電源,第三輸出接點13輸出第三電源。其中,第一電源具有第一相位,第二電源具有第二相位,第三電源具有第三相位。於一實施例中,磁石發電機10是經由第一輸出接點11、第二輸出接點12與第三輸出接點13輸出三相交流電。於本領域中皆能熟知磁石發電機10輸出具有三相的交流電的技術與方法,於此不再贅述。 The magnet generator 10 has a first output contact 11, a second output contact 12 and a third output contact 13. The first output contact 11 outputs a first power supply, and the second output contact 12 outputs a second power supply. The output contact 13 outputs a third power source. Wherein the first power source has a first phase, the second power source has a second phase, and the third power source has a third phase. In one embodiment, the magnet generator 10 outputs three-phase alternating current via the first output contact 11, the second output contact 12, and the third output contact 13. Techniques and methods for outputting alternating current with three phases of magnet generator 10 are well known in the art and will not be described again.
切換模組20是分別連接第一輸出接點11、第二輸 出接點12與第三輸出接點13,切換模組20依據切換指令而構成導通迴路或斷路迴路,導通迴路係指切換模組20與第一輸出接點11、第二輸出接點12或第三輸出接點13其中二者構成導通,斷路迴路係指切換模組20與第一輸出接點11、第二輸出接點12或第三輸出接點13其中二者構成斷路。即,導通迴路是切換模組20與第一輸出接點11、第二輸出接點12或第三輸出接點13構成導通,切換模組20得以經由第一輸出接點11接收第一電源、經由第二輸出接點12接收第二電源、或經由第三輸出接點11接收第三電源。斷路迴路是切換模組20與第一輸出接點11、第二輸出接點12或第三輸出接點13其中二者構成斷路,切換模組20無法經由第一輸出接點11接收第一電源、無法經由第二輸出接點12接收第二電源、或無法經由第三輸出接點11接收第三電源。 The switching module 20 is connected to the first output contact 11 and the second input respectively. The switch point 12 and the third output contact 13 form a conduction loop or a circuit breaker according to the switching instruction. The conduction loop refers to the switching module 20 and the first output contact 11 and the second output contact 12 or The third output contact 13 is configured to be turned on. The open circuit refers to the switching module 20 and the first output contact 11, the second output contact 12 or the third output contact 13 constitute an open circuit. That is, the conduction loop is that the switching module 20 is electrically connected to the first output contact 11, the second output contact 12 or the third output contact 13, and the switching module 20 can receive the first power via the first output contact 11, The second power source is received via the second output contact 12 or the third power source is received via the third output contact 11. The circuit breaker circuit is a switch module 20 and the first output contact point 11, the second output contact point 12 or the third output contact point 13 constitute an open circuit, and the switching module 20 cannot receive the first power source via the first output contact point 11. The second power source cannot be received via the second output contact 12 or the third power source cannot be received via the third output contact 11.
於一實施例中,切換模組20依據切換指令而與第 一輸出接點11、第二輸出接點12與第三輸出接點13中至少二者構成導通時,依據透過其中至少二者形成導通時即能構成導通迴路。是以,電壓調整模組30會接收對應的第一電源、第二電源及第三電源中至少二者,並將對應接收的第一電源、第二電源及第三電源中至少二者進行整流與穩壓,以進一步輸出輸出電源。反之,切換模組20依據切換指令而與第一輸出接點11、第二輸出接點12與第三輸出接點中至少二者構成斷路時,於此即能構成斷路迴路。是以,電壓調整模組 停止接收第一電源、第二電源及第三電源。即,斷路迴路係為切換模組20與第一輸出接點11、第二輸出接點12與第三輸出接點13中任意二者構成斷路。 In an embodiment, the switching module 20 is in accordance with the switching instruction. When at least two of the output contact 11, the second output contact 12, and the third output contact 13 are electrically connected, the conduction loop can be formed according to the conduction of at least two of them. Therefore, the voltage adjustment module 30 receives at least two of the corresponding first power source, the second power source, and the third power source, and rectifies at least two of the corresponding received first power source, second power source, and third power source. With a regulated voltage to further output the output power. On the other hand, when the switching module 20 forms an open circuit with at least two of the first output contact 11, the second output contact 12, and the third output contact according to the switching command, the circuit can be configured as a circuit breaker. Yes, voltage adjustment module Stop receiving the first power source, the second power source, and the third power source. That is, the circuit breaker circuit is an open circuit of the switching module 20 and any of the first output contact 11, the second output contact 12, and the third output contact 13.
第2圖係本發明的電壓調整系統的另一實施例之 架構圖。請參閱第2圖,電壓調整系統還包含車用電腦模組40與電池模組50,車用電腦模組40與切換模組20連接,電池模組50與電壓調整模組30連接。車用電腦模組40是根據車輛的行車狀態而產生對應的切換指令,並將切換指令傳送至切換模組20,以驅動切換模組20與磁石發電機10構成導通迴路或斷路迴路。電池模組50係自電壓調整模組30取得充電電源,以對電池模組進行充電,以於異常狀態或車輛熄火狀態時能提供備用電源,讓車輛的電器設備能維持基本運行。 2 is another embodiment of the voltage adjustment system of the present invention Architecture diagram. Referring to FIG. 2 , the voltage adjustment system further includes a vehicle computer module 40 and a battery module 50 . The vehicle computer module 40 is connected to the switching module 20 , and the battery module 50 is connected to the voltage adjustment module 30 . The vehicle computer module 40 generates a corresponding switching command according to the driving state of the vehicle, and transmits a switching command to the switching module 20 to drive the switching module 20 and the magnet generator 10 to form a conducting circuit or a breaking circuit. The battery module 50 obtains a charging power source from the voltage adjusting module 30 to charge the battery module to provide backup power when the abnormal state or the vehicle is turned off, so that the electrical equipment of the vehicle can maintain basic operation.
於一實施例中,車用電腦模組40還包含操作介面 41,用以設定各種行車狀態時所對應的切換指令,也就是說,透過操作介面41能設定不同的行車狀態時而讓切換模組20構成導通迴路或斷路迴路之狀態,藉以能視需求調整。於一實施例中,車用電腦模組40還與顯示模組連接(圖未示),顯示模組顯示操作介面的操作畫面,能讓使用者方便操作,更可利用觸控螢幕以對操作介面進行設定。 In an embodiment, the vehicular computer module 40 further includes an operation interface. 41, a switching command corresponding to setting various driving states, that is, when the operating interface 41 can set different driving states, the switching module 20 is configured to be in a state of a conducting loop or a breaking loop, thereby being able to adjust according to requirements. . In an embodiment, the vehicular computer module 40 is further connected to the display module (not shown), and the display module displays an operation screen of the operation interface, which can be conveniently operated by the user, and can be operated by using the touch screen. Interface settings.
其中,電池模組50可以為車用電瓶、鋰電池、鎳氫電池、其他型態等儲能電池,本發明並非以此為限制。 The battery module 50 can be a battery for a vehicle, a lithium battery, a nickel-hydrogen battery, or other types of energy storage batteries. The invention is not limited thereto.
第3圖係本發明的電壓調整系統的一實施例之詳 細架構圖。請參閱第3圖,切換模組20包含有繼電器(Relay)、金氧半場效電晶體(MOSFET)或其他等中任一者或其組合,其能依據切換指令形成導通或斷路。於此以一例子做說明,若切換模組20包含有多個繼電器21與檢知線22,各繼電器21連接於磁石發電機10和電壓調整模組30之間,檢知線22耦接於各繼電器21與車用電腦模組40之間。檢知線22自車用電腦模組40接收切換指令,各繼電器21依據切換指令而構成導通或斷路,於導通時,連接繼電器21的第一輸出接點11、第二輸出接點12或第三輸出接點13會輸出對應的第一、第二或第三電源。另外,切換指令係能分別驅動各繼電器導通或斷路,意即切換指令係可讓一繼電器21導通或斷路,亦可讓部分繼電器21同時導通或斷路,更可讓全部繼電器21同時導通或斷路,本發明並非以此為限制。另外,其他如金氧半場效電晶體或其他等亦可以相同方式達成相同功效(導通或斷路),於此不再贅述。於一些實施例中,切換模組20還包含切換驅動電路23,連接於車用電腦模組40與各繼電器21之間。切換驅動電路23經由檢知線22與車用電腦模組40連接,以接收切換指令,並對應切換指令驅動對應的繼電器21形成導通或斷路。 Figure 3 is a detailed view of an embodiment of the voltage regulating system of the present invention. Fine architecture diagram. Referring to FIG. 3, the switching module 20 includes any one or a combination of a relay, a metal oxide half field effect transistor (MOSFET), or the like, which can be turned on or off according to a switching instruction. For example, if the switching module 20 includes a plurality of relays 21 and detection lines 22, each of the relays 21 is connected between the magnet generator 10 and the voltage adjustment module 30, and the detection line 22 is coupled to Between each relay 21 and the vehicle computer module 40. The detection line 22 receives a switching command from the vehicle computer module 40, and each relay 21 is configured to be turned on or off according to the switching command, and when connected, connects the first output contact 11, the second output contact 12 or the first of the relay 21. The three output contacts 13 output corresponding first, second or third power supplies. In addition, the switching command can respectively drive each relay to be turned on or off, that is, the switching command can make a relay 21 be turned on or off, or the partial relay 21 can be turned on or off at the same time, and all the relays 21 can be turned on or off at the same time. The invention is not limited thereto. In addition, other functions such as a gold-oxygen half-field effect transistor or the like can also achieve the same effect (on or off) in the same manner, and will not be described herein. In some embodiments, the switching module 20 further includes a switching drive circuit 23 connected between the vehicular computer module 40 and each of the relays 21. The switching drive circuit 23 is connected to the vehicle computer module 40 via the detection line 22 to receive a switching command, and drives the corresponding relay 21 to be turned on or off in response to the switching command.
於一實施例中,電壓調整模組30為短路式電壓調 整器,其內包含多個二極體31、多個矽控整流器32與穩壓電路33,各二極體31分別對應於第一、第二與第三輸出接點11、 12、13,各矽控整流器32分別對應於各二極體31,穩壓電路33係與各矽控整流器32連接。於此,各二極體31係用以對三相交流電進行整流,經由穩壓電路33對其調整電壓而形成輸出電源,以供負載電路60運行。其中,各矽控整流器32係分別經由穩壓電路33控制導通或斷路,藉以控制來自磁石發電機10的第一、第二或第三電源,於一實施例中,透過讓各矽控整流器32導通而能分別讓多餘的第一、第二或第三電源短路至接地端,藉此能避免過量的第一、第二或第三電源輸出至負載電路60,以保護並且避免負載電路60燒毀。其中,穩壓電路33具有預定電壓值,當第一、第二或第三電源之電壓值超過預定電壓值時,穩壓電路33隨即讓各矽控整流器32導通而讓第一、第二或第三電源短路至接地端,反之,則讓各矽控整流器32形成斷路,而讓第一、第二或第三電源正常以穩壓電路33調整其電壓並讓負載電路60運行,藉此經由各矽控整流器32不斷地導通或斷路之反覆動作,而能達到穩壓的功能。其中,於一實施例中,穩壓電路33還與電池模組50連接,穩壓電路33是用來偵測電池模組50的電壓值是否大於等於預設電壓值,當電池模組50的電壓值低於預設電壓值時,穩壓電路33會發出警示,另外,電池模組50會經由各二極體31進行充電;反之,若電池模組50的電壓值大於等於預設電壓值時,則穩壓電路33發出正常信號。藉此能即時提示使用者電池模組50的狀態。其中,電池模組50可以為車用電瓶、 鋰電池、鎳氫電池、鋰鐵電池或其他等用於車輛各種電池,本發明並非受限於此。其中,熟知本領域的技術人員是能理解穩壓電路33的技術原理,於此不再贅述其實施方式。 In one embodiment, the voltage adjustment module 30 is short-circuited. The whole device includes a plurality of diodes 31, a plurality of step-controlled rectifiers 32 and a voltage stabilizing circuit 33, and each of the diodes 31 corresponds to the first, second and third output contacts 11, 12, 13, each of the step-controlled rectifiers 32 corresponds to each of the diodes 31, and the voltage stabilizing circuit 33 is connected to each of the step-controlled rectifiers 32. Here, each of the diodes 31 is for rectifying the three-phase alternating current, and is regulated by the voltage regulator circuit 33 to form an output power source for the load circuit 60 to operate. The control rectifiers 32 are respectively controlled to be turned on or off via the voltage stabilizing circuit 33, thereby controlling the first, second or third power sources from the magnet generator 10. In an embodiment, the respective rectifiers 32 are passed through. Turning on to allow the excess first, second or third power supply to be shorted to the ground, respectively, thereby avoiding excessive first, second or third power output to the load circuit 60 to protect and prevent the load circuit 60 from burning out . The voltage stabilizing circuit 33 has a predetermined voltage value. When the voltage value of the first, second or third power source exceeds a predetermined voltage value, the voltage stabilizing circuit 33 then turns each of the step-controlled rectifiers 32 to turn on the first or second or The third power source is short-circuited to the ground terminal. Otherwise, each of the voltage-controlled rectifiers 32 is disconnected, and the first, second or third power source is normally regulated by the voltage stabilizing circuit 33 and the load circuit 60 is operated. Each of the step-controlled rectifiers 32 continuously turns on or off, and can achieve the function of voltage regulation. In one embodiment, the voltage stabilizing circuit 33 is further connected to the battery module 50. The voltage stabilizing circuit 33 is configured to detect whether the voltage value of the battery module 50 is greater than or equal to a preset voltage value, when the battery module 50 is When the voltage value is lower than the preset voltage value, the voltage stabilizing circuit 33 will issue a warning, and the battery module 50 will be charged via each diode 31; otherwise, if the voltage value of the battery module 50 is greater than or equal to the preset voltage value At this time, the voltage stabilizing circuit 33 issues a normal signal. Thereby, the state of the user's battery module 50 can be promptly presented. Wherein, the battery module 50 can be a battery for a vehicle, A lithium battery, a nickel hydrogen battery, a lithium iron battery, or the like is used for various batteries of a vehicle, and the present invention is not limited thereto. The technical principle of the voltage stabilizing circuit 33 can be understood by those skilled in the art, and the embodiments thereof will not be described herein.
第4圖係本發明的電壓調整系統又一實施例的架 構示意圖。請參閱第4圖,切換模組20與電壓調整模組30是能整合於一處理單元,處理單元可以由晶片構成,惟本發明並非以此為限制。 Figure 4 is a diagram of another embodiment of the voltage adjustment system of the present invention. Schematic diagram. Referring to FIG. 4, the switching module 20 and the voltage adjusting module 30 can be integrated into a processing unit, and the processing unit can be composed of a wafer, but the invention is not limited thereto.
依據上述實施例,本發明的電壓調整系統可以提 昇引擎的使用效率,且能避免高壓電直接輸入至車輛的電器設備而導致燒毀。 According to the above embodiment, the voltage adjustment system of the present invention can provide The use efficiency of the engine is increased, and the high-voltage power can be prevented from being directly input to the electrical equipment of the vehicle, resulting in burning.
10‧‧‧磁石發電機 10‧‧‧Magnetic generator
11‧‧‧第一輸出接點 11‧‧‧First output contact
12‧‧‧第二輸出接點 12‧‧‧second output contact
13‧‧‧第三輸出接點 13‧‧‧ third output contact
20‧‧‧切換模組 20‧‧‧Switch Module
30‧‧‧電壓調整模組 30‧‧‧Voltage adjustment module
Claims (10)
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TW200718584A (en) * | 2005-11-10 | 2007-05-16 | Nat Univ Chung Hsing | An intelligent energy control system for fuel cell / electric hybrid scooters |
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US7378821B2 (en) * | 2005-08-01 | 2008-05-27 | Enviro World Technologies, Inc | Method and apparatus using VAR measurements to control power input to a three-phase induction motor circuit |
TW200718584A (en) * | 2005-11-10 | 2007-05-16 | Nat Univ Chung Hsing | An intelligent energy control system for fuel cell / electric hybrid scooters |
TW201028834A (en) * | 2009-01-23 | 2010-08-01 | Asustek Comp Inc | Multi-phase voltage regulator module system |
EP2523334A1 (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2012-11-14 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Frequency inverter and method for operating same |
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