TWI575862B - A system controller for adjusting a power converter and a method thereof - Google Patents

A system controller for adjusting a power converter and a method thereof Download PDF

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TWI575862B
TWI575862B TW105106390A TW105106390A TWI575862B TW I575862 B TWI575862 B TW I575862B TW 105106390 A TW105106390 A TW 105106390A TW 105106390 A TW105106390 A TW 105106390A TW I575862 B TWI575862 B TW I575862B
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signal
ramp
current
system controller
receive
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TW201720039A (en
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Qian Fang
Cong Lan
lie-yi Fang
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H02M1/081—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters wherein the phase of the control voltage is adjustable with reference to the AC source
    • H02M1/082—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters wherein the phase of the control voltage is adjustable with reference to the AC source with digital control

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Description

一種用於調節電源轉換器的系統控制器及其方法 System controller for regulating power converter and method thereof

本發明的某些實施例涉及積體電路。更具體地，本發明的一些實施例提供了用於調節輸出電流的系統和方法。僅作為示例，本發明的一些實施例被應用到電源轉換系統。但是，將認識到，本發明有更廣泛的適用範圍。 Certain embodiments of the invention relate to integrated circuits. More specifically, some embodiments of the present invention provide systems and methods for regulating output current. By way of example only, some embodiments of the invention are applied to a power conversion system. However, it will be appreciated that the invention has a broader scope of applicability.

發光二極體(Light Emitting Diode,LED)被廣泛用於照明應用。通常，近似恆定的電流被用於控制LED的工作電流以實現恆定的亮度。第1圖是示出了傳統LED照明系統的簡化圖示。電源轉換系統100包括系統控制器102，電阻器108、116、122、124和128，電容器106、110、112和130，全波整流組件104，二極體114和118，電感元件126(例如，電感器)，以及齊納二極體120。系統控制器102包括端子(例如，引腳)138、140、142、144、146和148。 Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are widely used in lighting applications. Typically, an approximately constant current is used to control the operating current of the LED to achieve a constant brightness. Figure 1 is a simplified illustration showing a conventional LED lighting system. Power conversion system 100 includes system controller 102, resistors 108, 116, 122, 124, and 128, capacitors 106, 110, 112, and 130, full-wave rectification component 104, diodes 114 and 118, and inductive component 126 (eg, Inductor), and Zener diode 120. System controller 102 includes terminals (eg, pins) 138, 140, 142, 144, 146, and 148.

交流(Alternate Current,AC)電壓150被應用於電源轉換系統100。全波整流元件104提供與AC電壓150相關聯的輸入電壓152(例如，不小於0V的整流電壓)。電容器112(例如，C3)回應於輸入電壓152而通過電阻器108(例如，R1)被充電，並且電壓信號154在端子148(例如，端子VDD)處被提供給系統控制器102。如果電壓信號154在幅度上大於閾值電壓(例如，欠壓鎖定閾值)，則系統控制器102開始運作，並且與端子148(例如，端子VDD)相關聯的電壓被固定到預定電壓。端子138(例如，端子DRAIN)被連接到內部功率開關的汲極。系統控制器102輸出具有某一頻率和某一占空比的驅動信號(例如，脈寬調變變信號)以閉合(例如，導通)或斷開(例如，關斷)內部功率開 關，以使得電源轉換系統100正常運作。 An alternating current (AC) voltage 150 is applied to the power conversion system 100. Full-wave rectifying element 104 provides an input voltage 152 (eg, a rectified voltage of no less than 0V) associated with AC voltage 150. Capacitor 112 (eg, C3) is charged through resistor 108 (eg, R1) in response to input voltage 152, and voltage signal 154 is provided to system controller 102 at terminal 148 (eg, terminal VDD). If voltage signal 154 is greater in magnitude than the threshold voltage (eg, undervoltage lockout threshold), system controller 102 begins to operate and the voltage associated with terminal 148 (eg, terminal VDD) is fixed to a predetermined voltage. Terminal 138 (eg, terminal DRAIN) is connected to the drain of the internal power switch. The system controller 102 outputs a drive signal (eg, a pulse width modulation signal) having a certain frequency and a certain duty cycle to close (eg, turn on) or turn off (eg, turn off) the internal power on. Off, so that the power conversion system 100 operates normally.

如果內部功率開關閉合(例如，被導通)，則系統控制器102感測通過電阻器122(例如，R2)流過一個或多個LED 132的電流。具體而言，電阻器122上的電壓156被通過端子144(例如，端子CS)傳遞到系統控制器102，以在與內部功率開關相關聯的不同開關週期內進行信號處理。當內部功率開關閉合(例如，導通)或斷開(例如，關斷)時，期間開關週期受電阻器122(例如，R2)上的電壓156的峰值幅度影響。 If the internal power switch is closed (eg, turned on), system controller 102 senses the current flowing through one or more LEDs 132 through resistor 122 (eg, R2). In particular, voltage 156 on resistor 122 is passed through terminal 144 (eg, terminal CS) to system controller 102 for signal processing during different switching cycles associated with the internal power switch. When the internal power switch is closed (eg, turned on) or turned off (eg, turned off), the period of the switching period is affected by the peak amplitude of the voltage 156 across the resistor 122 (eg, R2).

電感元件126與電阻器124和128相連接，電阻器124和128生成回饋信號158。系統控制器102通過端子142(例如，端子FB)接收用於電感元件126的反磁化處理的回饋信號158，以確定內部功率開關何時被閉合(例如，被導通)。電容器110(例如，C2)被連接到端子140(例如，端子COMP)，端子140與內部誤差放大器相關聯。電容器130(例如，C4)被配置為維護輸出電壓196以保持針對一個或多個LED 132的穩定電流輸出。包括電阻器116(例如，R5)、二極體118(例如，D2)和齊納二極體120(例如，ZD1)的供電網向系統控制器102提供電源。 Inductive component 126 is coupled to resistors 124 and 128, and resistors 124 and 128 generate feedback signal 158. System controller 102 receives feedback signal 158 for the magnetization reversal of inductive element 126 via terminal 142 (eg, terminal FB) to determine when the internal power switch is closed (eg, turned on). Capacitor 110 (eg, C2) is coupled to terminal 140 (eg, terminal COMP), which is associated with an internal error amplifier. Capacitor 130 (eg, C4) is configured to maintain output voltage 196 to maintain a steady current output for one or more LEDs 132. A power supply network including resistor 116 (e.g., R5), diode 118 (e.g., D2), and Zener diode 120 (e.g., ZD1) provides power to system controller 102.

第2圖是示出了作為電源轉換系統100的一部分的系統控制器102的簡化傳統圖。系統控制器102包括斜坡信號生成器202、欠壓鎖定(Under Voltage Lock Out,UVLO)元件204、比較器206、邏輯控制器208、驅動元件210(例如，閘極驅動器)、功率開關282、退磁感測器212、誤差放大器216、以及電流傳感元件214。例如，功率開關282包括雙極結型電晶體。在另一示例中，功率開關282包括(Metal Oxide Semiconductor,MOS)電晶體。在又一示例中，功率開關282包括絕緣柵雙極型電晶體。 FIG. 2 is a simplified conventional diagram showing system controller 102 as part of power conversion system 100. The system controller 102 includes a ramp signal generator 202, an Under Voltage Lock Out (UVLO) component 204, a comparator 206, a logic controller 208, a drive component 210 (eg, a gate driver), a power switch 282, and a demagnetization A sensor 212, an error amplifier 216, and a current sensing element 214. For example, power switch 282 includes a bipolar junction transistor. In another example, power switch 282 includes a (Metal Oxide Semiconductor, MOS) transistor. In yet another example, power switch 282 includes an insulated gate bipolar transistor.

如第2圖中所示，UVLO元件204感測電壓信號154並且輸出信號218。如果電壓信號154在幅度上大於第一預定閾值，則系統 控制器102開始正常地運作。如果電壓信號154在幅度上小於第二預定閾值，則系統控制器102被關斷。第二預定閾值在幅度上小於或等於第一預定閾值。誤差放大器216接收來自電流傳感元件214的信號220和參考信號222並且將經放大的信號224輸出到比較器206。比較器206還從斜坡信號生成器202接收信號228並且輸出比較信號226。例如，信號228是斜坡信號並且在每個開關週期期間線性地或非線性地增加到峰值幅度。邏輯控制器208處理比較信號226並且將調變信號230輸出到驅動元件210，驅動元件210生成驅動信號280以斷開或關閉功率開關282(例如，在柵極端子)。功率開關282被耦合在端子138(例如，端子DRAIN)和端子144(例如，端子CS)之間。另外，邏輯控制器208將調變信號230輸出到電流傳感元件214。例如，退磁感測器212感測回饋信號158以確定電感元件126的退磁過程的開始和/或結束，並且將觸發信號298輸出到邏輯控制器208以開始下一週期。系統控制器102被配置為針對給定的輸出負載保持與比較信號226相關聯的導通時間段為近似恆定的，以便實現高功率因數和低總諧波失真。 As shown in FIG. 2, UVLO element 204 senses voltage signal 154 and outputs signal 218. If the voltage signal 154 is greater in amplitude than the first predetermined threshold, then the system Controller 102 begins to function normally. If the voltage signal 154 is less than the second predetermined threshold in magnitude, the system controller 102 is turned off. The second predetermined threshold is less than or equal to the first predetermined threshold in magnitude. Error amplifier 216 receives signal 220 and reference signal 222 from current sensing element 214 and outputs amplified signal 224 to comparator 206. Comparator 206 also receives signal 228 from ramp signal generator 202 and outputs comparison signal 226. For example, signal 228 is a ramp signal and increases linearly or non-linearly to peak amplitude during each switching cycle. Logic controller 208 processes comparison signal 226 and outputs modulated signal 230 to drive element 210, which generates drive signal 280 to turn power switch 282 off or off (eg, at the gate terminal). Power switch 282 is coupled between terminal 138 (eg, terminal DRAIN) and terminal 144 (eg, terminal CS). Additionally, logic controller 208 outputs modulated signal 230 to current sensing element 214. For example, the demagnetization sensor 212 senses the feedback signal 158 to determine the beginning and/or end of the demagnetization process of the inductive element 126 and outputs a trigger signal 298 to the logic controller 208 to begin the next cycle. The system controller 102 is configured to maintain the on-time period associated with the comparison signal 226 approximately constant for a given output load in order to achieve high power factor and low total harmonic distortion.

系統控制器102***作在電壓模式中，其中例如，來自誤差放大器216經放大的信號224和來自斜坡信號生成器202的信號228都是電壓信號並且由比較器206比較以生成比較信號226以驅動功率開關282。因此，與功率開關282相關聯的導通時間段受到經放大的信號224和信號228的影響。 The system controller 102 is operated in a voltage mode in which, for example, the amplified signal 224 from the error amplifier 216 and the signal 228 from the ramp signal generator 202 are voltage signals and compared by the comparator 206 to generate a comparison signal 226 to drive Power switch 282. Thus, the on-time period associated with power switch 282 is affected by amplified signal 224 and signal 228.

在穩定的正常操作下，平均輸出電流根據下面的公式(例如，不考慮任何誤差電流)被確定： 其中Vref_ea代表參考信號222並且Rcs代表電阻器122的電阻。如公式1中所示，諸如Rcs之類的與週邊元件相關聯的參數可以通過系統設計被適當地選擇以實現輸出電流調節。 Under steady normal operation, the average output current is determined according to the following equation (for example, without considering any error current): Where V ref — ea represents the reference signal 222 and R cs represents the resistance of the resistor 122. As shown in Equation 1, parameters associated with peripheral components, such as Rcs , can be appropriately selected by system design to achieve output current regulation.

對於LED照明來說，效率、功率因數和總諧波也是重要的。例如，效率通常被需要為盡可能的高(例如，>90%)，並且功率因數通常被需要為大於0.9。另外，針對一些應用總諧波失真通常被需要為盡可能的低(例如，<20%)。但是電源轉換系統100通常不能滿足所有這些需要。 For LED lighting, efficiency, power factor and total harmonics are also important. For example, efficiency is typically required to be as high as possible (eg, >90%), and the power factor is typically required to be greater than 0.9. In addition, total harmonic distortion is often required to be as low as possible (eg, <20%) for some applications. However, power conversion system 100 typically does not meet all of these needs.

因此，迫切期望改進調節電源轉換系統的輸出電流的技術。 Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve the technique of adjusting the output current of the power conversion system.

本發明的某些實施例涉及積體電路。更具體地，本發明的一些實施例提供了用於調節輸出電流的系統和方法。僅作為示例，本發明的一些實施例被應用到電源轉換系統。但是應該理解，本發明具有更廣泛的適用範圍。 Certain embodiments of the invention relate to integrated circuits. More specifically, some embodiments of the present invention provide systems and methods for regulating output current. By way of example only, some embodiments of the invention are applied to a power conversion system. However, it should be understood that the invention has a broader scope of applicability.

根據一個實施例，系統控制器包括：驅動器，該驅動器被配置為將驅動信號輸出到開關以影響流過電源轉換器的電感繞組的電流，驅動信號與包括導通時間段和關斷時間段的開關週期相關聯。在導通時間段期間，回應於驅動信號開關被閉合或導通。在關斷時間段期間，回應於驅動信號開關是斷開或截止的。占空比等於導通時間段的持續時間除以開關週期的持續時間。一參數等於1減去占空比。系統控制器被配置為保持占空比、該參數與導通時間段的持續時間的乘積近似恆定。 In accordance with an embodiment, a system controller includes a driver configured to output a drive signal to a switch to affect current flowing through an inductor winding of the power converter, the drive signal and a switch including an on-time period and an off-time period The cycle is associated. During the on-time period, the switch is turned on or turned on in response to the drive signal. During the off period, the switch is turned off or turned off in response to the drive signal. The duty cycle is equal to the duration of the on-time period divided by the duration of the switching period. One parameter is equal to 1 minus the duty cycle. The system controller is configured to maintain a duty cycle that is approximately constant for the product of the duration of the on-time period.

根據另一實施例，用於調節電源轉換系統的系統控制器包括：斜坡電流生成器，該斜坡電流生成器被配置為接收調變信號並且至少部分地基於調變信號來生成斜坡電流；斜坡信號生成器，該斜坡信號生成器被配置為接收斜坡電流並且至少部分地基於斜坡電流來生成斜坡信號；調變元件，該調變元件被配置為接收斜坡信號並且至少部分地基於斜坡信號來生成調變信號；以及驅動器，該驅動器被配置為至少基於與調變信號相關聯的資訊生成驅動信號，並且將驅動信號輸出到開關以影響流過電源轉換器的電感繞組的電流，驅動信號與包括導通時間段和關斷時間段 的開關週期相關聯。在導通時間段期間，開關回應於驅動信號而被閉合，並且在關斷時間段期間，開關回應於驅動信號而被斷開。占空比等於導通時間段的持續時間除以開關週期的持續時間。一參數等於1減去占空比。斜坡電流生成器還被配置為生成在幅度上與占空比和該參數的乘積近似成比例的斜坡電流。 In accordance with another embodiment, a system controller for regulating a power conversion system includes: a ramp current generator configured to receive a modulated signal and generate a ramp current based at least in part on the modulated signal; a ramp signal a generator, the ramp signal generator configured to receive a ramp current and generate a ramp signal based at least in part on the ramp current; a modulation element configured to receive the ramp signal and generate a tone based at least in part on the ramp signal And a driver configured to generate a drive signal based on at least information associated with the modulated signal and output the drive signal to the switch to affect current flowing through the inductive winding of the power converter, the drive signal including conduction Time period and off time period The switching period is associated. During the on-time period, the switch is closed in response to the drive signal, and during the off period, the switch is turned off in response to the drive signal. The duty cycle is equal to the duration of the on-time period divided by the duration of the switching period. One parameter is equal to 1 minus the duty cycle. The ramp current generator is also configured to generate a ramp current that is approximately proportional in magnitude to the product of the duty cycle and the parameter.

根據又另一實施例，用於調節電源轉換系統的系統控制器包括：第一控制器端子，該第一控制器端子被配置為至少基於與流過電源轉換器的電感繞組的第一電流相關聯的資訊來提供補償信號；斜坡電流生成器，該斜坡電流生成器被配置為接收調變信號、補償信號和第一參考信號並且至少部分地基於調變信號、補償信號和第一參考信號來生成斜坡電流；斜坡信號生成器，該斜坡信號生成器被配置為接收斜坡電流並且至少部分地基於斜坡電流來生成斜坡信號；調變元件，該調變元件被配置為接收斜坡信號和補償信號並且至少部分地基於斜坡信號和補償信號來生成調變信號；以及驅動器，該驅動器被配置為至少基於與調變信號相關聯的資訊生成驅動信號，並且將驅動信號輸出到開關以影響第一電流，驅動信號與包括導通時間段和關斷時間段的開關週期相關聯。在導通時間段期間，回應於驅動信號開關被閉合或導通。在關斷時間段期間，回應於驅動信號開關是斷開或截止的。占空比等於導通時間段的持續時間除以開關週期的持續時間。一參數等於1減去占空比。斜坡電流生成器還被配置為生成在幅度上與占空比、該參數和差分信號的乘積近似成比例的斜坡電流，該差分信號代表在幅度上第一參考信號減去補償信號。 In accordance with yet another embodiment, a system controller for regulating a power conversion system includes: a first controller terminal configured to be based at least on a first current associated with an inductive winding flowing through a power converter The associated information provides a compensation signal; a ramp current generator configured to receive the modulated signal, the compensation signal, and the first reference signal and based at least in part on the modulated signal, the compensated signal, and the first reference signal Generating a ramp current; a ramp signal generator configured to receive the ramp current and generate a ramp signal based at least in part on the ramp current; a modulation element configured to receive the ramp signal and the compensation signal and Generating a modulated signal based at least in part on the ramp signal and the compensation signal; and a driver configured to generate a drive signal based on at least information associated with the modulated signal and output the drive signal to the switch to affect the first current, The drive signal is phased with a switching period including an on-time period and an off-time period Union. During the on-time period, the switch is turned on or turned on in response to the drive signal. During the off period, the switch is turned off or turned off in response to the drive signal. The duty cycle is equal to the duration of the on-time period divided by the duration of the switching period. One parameter is equal to 1 minus the duty cycle. The ramp current generator is further configured to generate a ramp current that is approximately proportional in magnitude to the product of the duty cycle, the parameter, and the differential signal, the differential signal representing the first reference signal minus the compensation signal in amplitude.

在一個實施例中，一種用於調節電源轉換系統的方法包括：生成與包括導通時間段和關斷時間段的開關週期相關聯的驅動信號；以及將驅動信號輸出到開關以影響流過電感元件的電流。將驅動信號輸出到開關以影響電流包括：在導通時間段期間輸出驅動信號以閉合開關使之導通；以及在關斷時間段期間輸出驅動信號以斷開開關使之截止。占空比等於導通時間段的持續時間除以開關週期的持續時間。一參數等於1減去 占空比。生成與開關週期相關聯的驅動信號包括保持占空比、該參數與導通時間段的持續時間的乘積近似恆定。 In one embodiment, a method for regulating a power conversion system includes: generating a drive signal associated with a switching period including an on period and an off period; and outputting a drive signal to the switch to affect flowing through the inductive element Current. Outputting the drive signal to the switch to affect the current includes: outputting a drive signal to turn the switch on during the on-time period; and outputting the drive signal to turn off the switch during the off period. The duty cycle is equal to the duration of the on-time period divided by the duration of the switching period. One parameter is equal to 1 minus Duty cycle. Generating the drive signal associated with the switching period includes maintaining the duty cycle, and the product of the parameter and the duration of the on-time period is approximately constant.

在另一實施例中，一種用於調節電源轉換系統的方法包括：接收調變信號；至少部分地基於調變信號來生成斜坡電流；接收斜坡電流；至少部分地基於斜坡電流來生成斜坡信號；接收斜坡信號；至少部分地基於斜坡信號來生成調變信號；接收調變信號；至少部分地基於調變信號來生成驅動信號，驅動信號與包括導通時間段和關斷時間段的開關週期相關聯；以及將驅動信號輸出到開關以影響流過電源轉換系統的初級繞組的第一電流。將驅動信號輸出到開關以影響第一電流包括：在導通時間段期間輸出驅動信號以閉合開關使之導通；以及在關斷時間段期間輸出驅動信號以斷開開關使之截止。占空比等於導通時間段的持續時間除以開關週期的持續時間。一參數等於1減去占空比。至少部分地基於調變信號來生成斜坡電流包括生成在幅度上與占空比還該參數的乘積近似成比例的斜坡電流。 In another embodiment, a method for regulating a power conversion system includes: receiving a modulated signal; generating a ramp current based at least in part on the modulated signal; receiving a ramp current; generating a ramp signal based at least in part on the ramp current; Receiving a ramp signal; generating a modulated signal based at least in part on the ramp signal; receiving the modulated signal; generating a drive signal based at least in part on the modulated signal, the drive signal being associated with a switching period including an on period and an off period And outputting a drive signal to the switch to affect a first current flowing through the primary winding of the power conversion system. Outputting the drive signal to the switch to affect the first current includes: outputting a drive signal to turn the switch on during the on-time period; and outputting the drive signal to turn off the switch during the off period. The duty cycle is equal to the duration of the on-time period divided by the duration of the switching period. One parameter is equal to 1 minus the duty cycle. Generating the ramp current based at least in part on the modulated signal includes generating a ramp current that is approximately proportional in magnitude to the product of the duty cycle and the parameter.

在另一實施例中，一種用於調節電源轉換系統的方法包括：至少基於與流過電源轉換系統的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯的資訊來提供補償信號；接收調變信號、補償信號和第一參考信號；至少部分地基於調變信號、補償信號和第一參考信號來生成斜坡電流；接收斜坡電流；至少部分地基於斜坡電流來生成斜坡信號；接收斜坡信號和補償信號；至少部分地基於斜坡信號和補償信號來生成調變信號；接收調變信號；以及將驅動信號輸出到開關以影響第一電流，驅動信號與包括導通時間段和關斷時間段的開關週期相關聯。將驅動信號輸出到開關以影響第一電流包括：在導通時間段期間輸出驅動信號以閉合開關使之導通；以及在關斷時間段期間輸出驅動信號以斷開開關使之截止。占空比等於導通時間段的持續時間除以開關週期的持續時間。一參數等於1減去占空比。至少部分地基於調變信號、補償信號和第一參考信號來生成斜坡電流包括：生成與占空比、該參數和差分信號的乘積近似成比例的斜坡電流，差分信號代表在 幅度上第一參考信號減去補償信號。 In another embodiment, a method for regulating a power conversion system includes providing a compensation signal based on at least information associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding of a power conversion system; receiving a modulation signal, a compensation signal, and a first reference signal; generating a ramp current based at least in part on the modulated signal, the compensation signal, and the first reference signal; receiving a ramp current; generating a ramp signal based at least in part on the ramp current; receiving the ramp signal and the compensation signal; at least in part Generating a modulation signal based on the ramp signal and the compensation signal; receiving the modulation signal; and outputting the drive signal to the switch to affect the first current, the drive signal being associated with a switching period including an on-time period and an off-time period. Outputting the drive signal to the switch to affect the first current includes: outputting a drive signal to turn the switch on during the on-time period; and outputting the drive signal to turn off the switch during the off period. The duty cycle is equal to the duration of the on-time period divided by the duration of the switching period. One parameter is equal to 1 minus the duty cycle. Generating the ramp current based at least in part on the modulated signal, the compensation signal, and the first reference signal includes generating a ramp current that is approximately proportional to a product of the duty cycle, the parameter, and the differential signal, the differential signal representing The compensation signal is subtracted from the first reference signal in amplitude.

根據實施例，可以獲得一個或多個好處。參照隨後的詳細的說明和附圖，這些好處和本發明的各種附加的目的、特徵和優勢可以被透徹地理解。 According to an embodiment, one or more benefits can be obtained. These and other additional objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the <RTIgt;

100、300‧‧‧電源轉換系統 100, 300‧‧‧Power Conversion System

150、350‧‧‧交流(AC)電壓 150, 350‧‧‧AC (AC) voltage

226‧‧‧比較信號 226‧‧‧Comparative signal

722‧‧‧求和元件 722‧‧‧Summing components

518、718‧‧‧反閘 518, 718‧‧‧ reverse gate

438、638‧‧‧電流信號 438, 638‧‧‧ current signal

428、628‧‧‧斜坡信號 428, 628‧‧‧ slope signal

430、630‧‧‧控制信號 430, 630‧‧‧ control signals

206‧‧‧比較器 206‧‧‧ comparator

282‧‧‧功率開關 282‧‧‧Power switch

120、320‧‧‧齊納二極體 120, 320‧‧‧ Zener diode

126、326‧‧‧電感元件 126, 326‧‧‧Inductive components

104、304‧‧‧全波整流組件 104, 304‧‧‧ Full wave rectifier components

152、352‧‧‧輸入電壓 152, 352‧‧‧ input voltage

132、332‧‧‧一個或多個LED 132, 332‧‧‧One or more LEDs

158、358‧‧‧回饋信號 158, 358‧‧‧ feedback signal

280、480‧‧‧驅動信號 280, 480‧‧‧ drive signals

198、398‧‧‧電流 198, 398‧‧‧ Current

196、396‧‧‧輸出電壓 196, 396‧‧‧ output voltage

440、640‧‧‧參考電壓生成器 440, 640‧‧‧ reference voltage generator

442、642‧‧‧斜坡電流生成器 442, 642‧‧‧ ramp current generator

424、624‧‧‧補償信號 424, 624‧‧ ‧ compensation signal

522、730‧‧‧增益級 522, 730‧‧‧ Gain level

520、720‧‧‧地電壓 520, 720‧‧‧ ground voltage

510、710‧‧‧電壓到電流轉換器 510, 710‧‧‧ voltage to current converter

406、606‧‧‧調變元件 406, 606‧‧‧ modulating components

298、498、698‧‧‧觸發信號 298, 498, 698‧‧‧ trigger signal

202、402、602‧‧‧斜坡信號生成器 202, 402, 602‧‧‧ ramp signal generator

208、408、608‧‧‧邏輯控制器 208, 408, 608‧‧‧ logic controller

210、410、610‧‧‧驅動元件 210, 410, 610‧‧‧ drive components

212、412、612‧‧‧退磁感測器 212, 412, 612‧‧‧ demagnetization sensor

216、416、616‧‧‧誤差放大器 216, 416, 616‧‧‧ error amplifier

214、414、614‧‧‧電流傳感元件 214, 414, 614‧‧‧ Current sensing components

230、426、626‧‧‧調變信號 230, 426, 626‧‧ ‧ modulated signals

224、530、738‧‧‧放大的信號 224, 530, 738‧‧‧ amplified signals

204、404、604‧‧‧欠壓鎖定(UVLO)元件 204, 404, 604‧‧ ‧ undervoltage lockout (UVLO) components

102、302‧‧‧系統控制器 102, 302‧‧‧ system controller

912、914、812、814‧‧‧幅度 912, 914, 812, 814 ‧ ‧

506、546、706、746‧‧‧運算放大器 506, 546, 706, 746‧‧‧Operational Amplifier

508、528、708、736‧‧‧低通濾波器 508, 528, 708, 736‧‧‧ low pass filters

114、118、314、318‧‧‧二極體 114, 118, 314, 318‧‧‧ diodes

156、356‧‧‧電壓 156, 356‧‧ ‧ voltage

222、422、436、622、636‧‧‧參考信號 222, 422, 436, 622, 636‧‧‧ reference signals

494、694‧‧‧電壓信號 494, 694‧‧‧ voltage signal

902、904、906、908、910、802、804、806、808、810‧‧‧波形 902, 904, 906, 908, 910, 802, 804, 806, 808, 810 ‧ ‧ waveforms

482、502、504、524、526、540、542、682、702、704、732、734、742、750‧‧‧開關 482, 502, 504, 524, 526, 540, 542, 682, 702, 704, 732, 734, 742, 750 ‧ ‧ switch

108、116、122、124、128、308、316、322、324、328‧‧‧電阻器 108, 116, 122, 124, 128, 308, 316, 322, 324, 328‧‧‧ resistors

106、110、112、130、306、310、312、330、544、744‧‧‧電容器 106, 110, 112, 130, 306, 310, 312, 330, 544, 744‧‧ capacitors

t0、t1、t2、t3、t4、t5、t6、t7、t8、t10、t11、t12、t13、t14、t15、t16、t17、t18‧‧‧時間 T0, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8, t10, t11, t12, t13, t14, t15, t16, t17, t18‧‧

218、220、228、224、418、420、512、514、516、532、548、618、620、680、712、716、724、740、748‧‧‧信號 218, 220, 228, 224, 418, 420, 512, 514, 516, 532, 548, 618, 620, 680, 712, 716, 724, 740, 748 ‧ ‧ signals

138、140、142、144、146、148、338、340、342、344、346、348‧‧‧端子 138, 140, 142, 144, 146, 148, 338, 340, 342, 344, 346, 348‧‧‧ terminals

154、354‧‧‧電壓信號 154, 354‧‧‧ voltage signal

第1圖是示出了傳統LED照明系統的簡化圖。 Figure 1 is a simplified diagram showing a conventional LED lighting system.

第2圖是示出了作為如第1圖中所示的系統的一部分的系統控制器的簡化傳統圖。 Figure 2 is a simplified conventional diagram showing a system controller as part of the system as shown in Figure 1.

第3圖是根據本發明的實施例的示出了電源轉換系統的簡化圖。 Figure 3 is a simplified diagram showing a power conversion system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

第4(A)圖是根據本發明的實施例的示出了作為如第3圖中所示的電源轉換系統的一部分的系統控制器的簡化圖。 Figure 4(A) is a simplified diagram showing a system controller as part of a power conversion system as shown in Figure 3, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

第4(B)圖是根據本發明的實施例的針對作為如第3圖中所示的電源轉換系統的一部分的系統控制器的簡化時序圖。 Figure 4(B) is a simplified timing diagram for a system controller as part of a power conversion system as shown in Figure 3, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

第4(C)圖是根據本發明的實施例的示出了作為如第4(A)圖中所示的系統控制器的一部分的斜坡電流生成器的簡化圖。 Figure 4(C) is a simplified diagram showing a ramp current generator as part of the system controller as shown in Figure 4(A), in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

第4(D)圖是根據本發明的實施例的示出了作為如第4(A)圖中所示的系統控制器的一部分的斜坡電流生成器和斜坡信號生成器的簡化圖。 Figure 4(D) is a simplified diagram showing a ramp current generator and a ramp signal generator as part of the system controller as shown in Figure 4(A), in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

第5(A)圖是根據本發明的另一實施例的示出了作為如第3圖中所示的電源轉換系統的一部分的系統控制器的簡化圖。 Figure 5(A) is a simplified diagram showing a system controller as part of the power conversion system as shown in Figure 3, in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.

第5(B)圖是根據本發明的另一實施例的針對作為如第3圖中所示的電源轉換系統的一部分的系統控制器的簡化時序圖。 Figure 5(B) is a simplified timing diagram for a system controller as part of a power conversion system as shown in Figure 3, in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.

第5(C)圖是根據本發明的另一實施例的示出了作為如第5(A)圖中所示的系統控制器的一部分的斜坡電流生成器的簡化圖。 Figure 5(C) is a simplified diagram showing a ramp current generator as part of the system controller as shown in Figure 5(A), in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.

第5(D)圖是根據本發明的某些實施例的示出了作為如第5(A)圖中所示的系統控制器的一部分的斜坡電流生成器和斜坡信號生成器的簡化圖。 Figure 5(D) is a simplified diagram showing a ramp current generator and a ramp signal generator as part of the system controller as shown in Figure 5(A), in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention.

本發明的某些實施例針對積體電路。更具體地，本發明的一些實施例提供用於調節輸出電流的系統和方法。僅作為示例，本發明的一些實施例被應用到電源轉換系統。但是應該理解，本發明具有更廣泛的適用範圍。 Certain embodiments of the present invention are directed to integrated circuits. More specifically, some embodiments of the present invention provide systems and methods for regulating output current. By way of example only, some embodiments of the invention are applied to a power conversion system. However, it should be understood that the invention has a broader scope of applicability.

參照第1圖，為實現高效率(例如，>90%)，作為示例，電源轉換系統100可以在准諧振(Quasi-Resonant,QR)模式中運作。電流198的峰值按下式被確定： 其中，Iin_peak代表流過電感元件126的電流198的峰值，Ton代表在功率開關282閉合(例如，被導通)期間的導通時間段，並且Vin代表輸入電壓152。另外，Vo代表輸出電壓196，並且Lp代表電感元件126的電感。 Referring to FIG. 1, to achieve high efficiency (eg, >90%), as an example, the power conversion system 100 can operate in a Quasi-Resonant (QR) mode. The peak value of current 198 is determined as follows: Wherein, I in_peak represents the peak value of current 198 flowing through inductive element 126, Ton represents the on-time period during which power switch 282 is closed (eg, turned on), and V in represents input voltage 152. Additionally, V o represents the output voltage 196 and L p represents the inductance of the inductive element 126.

例如，假設與功率開關282相關聯的導通時間段針對給定的輸入電壓和給定的輸出負載保持近似恆定並且電感元件126的電阻保持近似恆定，則根據公式2電流198的峰值跟隨輸入電壓152(例如，與整流正弦波形相關聯)。電流198的平均值按下式被確定： 其中，D代表與功率開關282相關聯的占空比並且按下式被確定： For example, assuming that the on-time period associated with power switch 282 remains approximately constant for a given input voltage and a given output load and the resistance of inductive element 126 remains approximately constant, the peak of current 198 follows input voltage 152 according to Equation 2. (For example, associated with a rectified sinusoidal waveform). The average value of current 198 is determined as follows: Where D represents the duty cycle associated with power switch 282 and is determined as follows:

Toff代表其間功率開關282被斷開(例如，被關斷)的關斷時間段。且占空比D小於1。例如，電流198的平均值是電流198在與功率開關282相關聯的一個或多個開關週期期間的平均值，或者是電流198在與功率開關282相關聯的隨時間滑動的一個或多個開關週期期間的平均值。 T off represents the off period of time during which the power switch 282 is turned off (eg, turned off). And the duty ratio D is less than one. For example, the average value of current 198 is the average of current 198 during one or more switching cycles associated with power switch 282, or one or more switches that current 198 slides over time associated with power switch 282. The average value during the period.

如果電源轉換系統100在QR模式中操作，則關斷時間 段(例如，Toff)與和電感元件126的退磁過程相關聯退磁時間段相同。假設導通時間段持續保持近似恆定，則關斷時間段(例如，Toff)隨電流198的峰值改變並且因此隨輸入電壓152而改變。正因如此，開關週期(例如，Ts)隨輸入電壓152而改變。如果輸入電壓152在幅度上增加，則電流198的峰值增加並且開關週期(例如，Ts)持續增加。因此，電流198的平均值不緊隨輸入電壓152線性變化，並且因此不具有與輸入電壓152相似的波形(例如，整流後的半正弦波形)，這會導致過大的總諧波失真。 If the power conversion system 100 is operating in the QR mode, the off period (eg, Toff ) is the same as the demagnetization period associated with the demagnetization process of the inductive element 126. Assuming that the on-time period continues to remain approximately constant, the off-time period (eg, Toff ) changes with the peak value of current 198 and thus changes with input voltage 152. Because of this, the switching period (eg, T s ) varies with the input voltage 152. If the input voltage 152 increases in amplitude, the peak value of the current 198 increases and the switching period (eg, T s ) continues to increase. Thus, the average value of current 198 does not vary linearly with input voltage 152, and thus does not have a waveform similar to input voltage 152 (eg, a rectified half sinusoidal waveform), which can result in excessive total harmonic distortion.

第3圖是根據本發明的實施例的示出了電源轉換系統的簡化圖。該圖僅作為示例，其不應該不適當地限制申請專利範圍的範圍。本領域的普通技術人員應該理解很多變化、替代和修改。電源轉換系統300(例如，電源轉換器)包括系統控制器302，電阻器308、316、322、324和328，電容器306、310、312和330、全波整流元件304(例如，全波整流器)，二極體314和318，電感元件326(例如，電感繞組)，齊納二極體320。系統控制器302包括端子(例如，引腳)338、340、342、344、346和348。例如，電源轉換系統300在準諧振(QR)模式中運作。 Figure 3 is a simplified diagram showing a power conversion system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. This figure is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the patent application. Many variations, alternatives, and modifications will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. Power conversion system 300 (eg, power converter) includes system controller 302, resistors 308, 316, 322, 324, and 328, capacitors 306, 310, 312, and 330, full-wave rectifying element 304 (eg, full-wave rectifier) Diodes 314 and 318, inductive component 326 (eg, inductive winding), Zener diode 320. System controller 302 includes terminals (eg, pins) 338, 340, 342, 344, 346, and 348. For example, power conversion system 300 operates in a quasi-resonant (QR) mode.

根據一個實施例，交流(AC)電壓350被應用於電源轉換系統300。例如，整流元件304提供與AC電壓350相關聯的輸入電壓352(例如，不小於0V的整流電壓)。在另一示例中，電容器312放棄(例如，C3)回應於通過電阻器308(例如，R1)的輸入電壓352而被充電，電壓信號354在端子348(例如，端子VDD)處被提供給系統控制器302。在又一示例中如果電壓信號354在幅度上大於閾值電壓(例如，欠壓鎖定閾值)，在系統控制器302開始運作，並且與端子348(例如，端子VDD)相關聯的電壓被固定到預定電壓。端子338(例如，端子DRAIN)被連接到內部開關(例如，功率開關)的汲極。作為另一示例，系統控制器302輸出具有某一頻率和某一占空比的驅動信號(例如，脈寬調變信號)以閉合(例如，導通)或斷開(例如，關斷)內部開關，以使 得電源轉換系統300正常運作。 According to one embodiment, an alternating current (AC) voltage 350 is applied to the power conversion system 300. For example, rectifying element 304 provides an input voltage 352 (eg, a rectified voltage of no less than 0V) associated with AC voltage 350. In another example, capacitor 312 is discarded (eg, C3) in response to input voltage 352 through resistor 308 (eg, R1), and voltage signal 354 is provided to the system at terminal 348 (eg, terminal VDD) Controller 302. In yet another example, if voltage signal 354 is greater in amplitude than a threshold voltage (eg, an undervoltage lockout threshold), system controller 302 begins to operate and the voltage associated with terminal 348 (eg, terminal VDD) is fixed to predetermined Voltage. Terminal 338 (eg, terminal DRAIN) is connected to the drain of an internal switch (eg, a power switch). As another example, system controller 302 outputs a drive signal (eg, a pulse width modulation signal) having a certain frequency and a certain duty cycle to close (eg, turn on) or turn off (eg, turn off) the internal switch. ,so that The power conversion system 300 is in normal operation.

根據另一實施例，如果內部功率開關閉合(例如，被導通)，則系統控制器302感測通過電阻器322(例如，R2)流過一個或多個LED 332的電流。例如，電阻器322(例如，R2)上的電壓356被通過端子344(例如，端子CS)傳遞到系統控制器302，以在與內部功率開關相關聯的不同開關週期內進行信號處理。作為示例，當內部功率開關閉合(例如，導通)或斷開(例如，關斷)時，其間開關週期受電阻器322(例如，R2)上的電壓356的峰值幅度影響。 According to another embodiment, if the internal power switch is closed (eg, turned on), system controller 302 senses current flowing through one or more LEDs 332 through resistor 322 (eg, R2). For example, voltage 356 on resistor 322 (e.g., R2) is passed through terminal 344 (e.g., terminal CS) to system controller 302 for signal processing during different switching cycles associated with the internal power switch. As an example, when the internal power switch is closed (eg, turned on) or turned off (eg, turned off), the switching period therebetween is affected by the peak amplitude of the voltage 356 across the resistor 322 (eg, R2).

根據又一實施例，電感元件326與電阻器324和328相連接，電阻器324和328生成回饋信號358。例如，系統控制器302通過端子342(例如，端子FB)接收用於電感元件326的反磁化處理的回饋信號358，以確定內部開關何時被閉合(例如，被導通)。在另一示例中，電容器310(例如，C2)被連接到端子340(例如，端子COMP)，端子340與內部誤差放大器相關聯。在又一示例中，電容器330(例如，C4)被配置為維護輸出電壓396以保持針對一個或多個LED 332的穩定電流輸出。包括電阻器316(例如，R5)、二極體318(例如，D2)和齊納二極體320(例如，ZD1)的供電網向系統控制器302提供電源。 According to yet another embodiment, the inductive element 326 is coupled to resistors 324 and 328, and the resistors 324 and 328 generate a feedback signal 358. For example, system controller 302 receives feedback signal 358 for the magnetization reversal of inductive element 326 via terminal 342 (eg, terminal FB) to determine when the internal switch is closed (eg, turned on). In another example, capacitor 310 (eg, C2) is connected to terminal 340 (eg, terminal COMP), which is associated with an internal error amplifier. In yet another example, capacitor 330 (eg, C4) is configured to maintain output voltage 396 to maintain a steady current output for one or more LEDs 332. A power supply network including resistors 316 (eg, R5), diodes 318 (eg, D2), and Zener diodes 320 (eg, ZD1) provides power to system controller 302.

在一個實施例中，流過電感元件326的電流398的平均值按下式被確定： In one embodiment, the average value of the current 398 flowing through the inductive element 326 is determined as follows:

其中，Iin_peak代表代表電流398的峰值，Ton代表導通時間段(在此期間內部開關是閉合的(例如，被導通))，並且Vin代表輸入電壓352。另外，Vo代表輸出電壓396，Lp代表電感元件326的電感，並且D代表與內部開關相關聯的占空比。例如，D按下式被確定： Wherein, I in_peak represents a peak representing current 398, Ton represents an on-time period during which the internal switch is closed (eg, turned on), and V in represents an input voltage 352. Additionally, V o represents the output voltage 396, L p represents the inductance of the inductive element 326, and D represents the duty cycle associated with the internal switch. For example, D is determined as follows:

其中，Toff代表關斷時間段(在此期間內部開關是斷開的(例如，被關斷))的。且占空比D小於1。例如，電流398的平均值是電流398在與內部開關相關聯的一個或多個開關週期期間的平均值，或者是電流398在與內部開關相關聯的隨時間滑動的一個或多個開關週期期間的平均值。 Where T off represents the off period (during which the internal switch is open (eg, turned off)). And the duty ratio D is less than one. For example, the average value of current 398 is the average of current 398 during one or more switching cycles associated with the internal switch, or current 398 during one or more switching cycles that are sliding over time associated with the internal switch. average value.

在另一實施例中，電源轉換系統300在QR模式中運作，在每個週期內滿足下式：(V in -V o )×T on =V o × Toff (公式7) In another embodiment, the power conversion system 300 operates in the QR mode and satisfies the following equation in each cycle: ( V in - V o ) × T on = V o × Toff (Equation 7)

因此，電流398的平均值按下式被確定： Therefore, the average value of current 398 is determined as follows:

根據某些實施例，系統控制器302被實施以按下式保持與占空比和導通時間段的持續時間有關的乘積(1-D)×D×T on 恆定以實現低的總諧波失真：(1-D)×D×T on =常數 (公式9) According to some embodiments, the system controller 302 is implemented to maintain a product (1- D ) x D x T on constant in accordance with the duration of the duty cycle and the on-time period to achieve low total harmonic distortion. :(1- D )× D × T on = constant (Equation 9)

例如，根據公式8，如果乘積(1-D)×D× Ton 保持恆定，則電流398的平均值隨輸入電壓352(例如，與整流正弦波形相關聯)而變化。作為示例，電流398在內部開關的一個或多個開關週期期間的平均值隨著時間在幅度上隨著增大的輸入電壓352而增大，並且隨著時間在幅度上隨著減小的輸入電壓352而減小。1-D為一參數等於1減去占空比。 For example, according to Equation 8, if the product (1- D ) x D x Ton remains constant, the average value of current 398 varies with input voltage 352 (eg, associated with a rectified sinusoidal waveform). As an example, the average value of current 398 during one or more switching cycles of the internal switch increases with increasing input voltage 352 over time and decreases with increasing amplitude over time. The voltage 352 is reduced. 1-D is a parameter equal to 1 minus the duty cycle.

在一些實施例中，系統控制器302被實施以按下式保持與占空比和導通時間段的持續時間相關的乘積(1-D)×D×T on 近似恆定以實現低的總諧波失真： In some embodiments, system controller 302 is implemented to maintain a product of the duty cycle and the duration of the on-time period (1- D ) x D x T on approximately constant to achieve low total harmonics. distortion:

例如，根據公式10，如果乘積(1-D)×D×T on 保持近似恆定，則電流398的平均值隨輸入電壓352(例如，與整流後的正弦波半波 形相關聯)而(例如近似線性地)改變。在另一示例中，如公式10中所示，乘積(1-D)×D×T on 的誤差範圍恆定為±5%。在另一示例中，如公式10中所示，乘積(1-D)×D×T on 的誤差範圍恆定為±10%。在另一示例中，如公式10中所示，乘積(1-D)×D×T on 的誤差範圍恆定為±15%。在另一示例中，如公式10中所示，乘積(1-D)×D×T on 的誤差範圍恆定為±20%。 For example, according to Equation 10, if the product (1- D ) x D x T on remains approximately constant, the average of the current 398 is associated with the input voltage 352 (eg, associated with the rectified sine wave half-waveform) (eg, approximation) Change linearly). In another example, as shown in Equation 10, the error range of the product (1- D ) × D × T on is constant ± 5%. In another example, as shown in Equation 10, the error range of the product (1- D ) × D × T on is constant at ±10%. In another example, as shown in Equation 10, the error range of the product (1- D ) × D × T on is constant at ±15%. In another example, as shown in Equation 10, the error range of the product (1- D ) × D × T on is constant at ±20%.

第4(A)圖是根據本發明的實施例的示出了作為電源轉換系統300的一部分的系統控制器302的簡化圖。該圖僅作為示例，其不應該不適當地限制申請專利範圍的範圍。本領域的普通技術人員應該理解很多變化、替代和修改。系統控制器302包括斜坡信號生成器402、欠壓鎖定(UVLO)元件404(例如，UVLO)、調變元件406(例如，比較器)、邏輯控制器408、驅動元件410(例如，柵極驅動器)、退磁感測器412、誤差放大器416、電流傳感元件414、參考電壓生成器440、開關482(例如，功率開關)、以及斜坡電流生成器442。例如，開關482包括雙極結型電晶體。在另一示例中，開關482包括MOS電晶體。在又一示例中，開關482包括絕緣閘雙極型電晶體(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor,IGBT)。 Figure 4(A) is a simplified diagram showing system controller 302 as part of power conversion system 300, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. This figure is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the patent application. Many variations, alternatives, and modifications will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The system controller 302 includes a ramp signal generator 402, an undervoltage lockout (UVLO) element 404 (eg, UVLO), a modulation element 406 (eg, a comparator), a logic controller 408, a drive element 410 (eg, a gate driver) A demagnetization sensor 412, an error amplifier 416, a current sensing element 414, a reference voltage generator 440, a switch 482 (eg, a power switch), and a ramp current generator 442. For example, switch 482 includes a bipolar junction transistor. In another example, switch 482 includes a MOS transistor. In yet another example, the switch 482 includes an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT).

根據一個實施例，UVLO元件404感測電壓信號354並且輸出信號418(例如，por)。例如，如果電壓信號354在幅度上大於第一預定閾值，則系統控制器302開始正常地操作。如果電壓信號354在幅度上小於第二預定閾值，則系統控制器302被關閉。在另一示例中，第二預定閾值在幅度上小於或等於第一預定閾值。在另一示例中，誤差放大器416接收來自電流傳感元件414的信號420和參考信號422。在另一示例中，誤差放大器416產生給電容器310充電或放電的電流以生成補償信號424。在另一示例中，補償信號424被提供給調變元件406。在另一示例中，電容器310被耦合到端子340(端子COMP)並且與誤差放大器416一起形成積分器或低通濾波器。在另一示例中，誤差放大器416是跨導放大器並且輸出與參考信號422和信號420之間的差成比例的電流。在另一 示例中，誤差放大器416與電容器310一起生成補償信號424，補償信號424是電壓信號。 According to one embodiment, UVLO element 404 senses voltage signal 354 and outputs a signal 418 (eg, por). For example, if voltage signal 354 is greater in magnitude than the first predetermined threshold, system controller 302 begins to operate normally. If the voltage signal 354 is less than the second predetermined threshold in magnitude, the system controller 302 is turned off. In another example, the second predetermined threshold is less than or equal to the first predetermined threshold in magnitude. In another example, error amplifier 416 receives signal 420 and reference signal 422 from current sensing element 414. In another example, error amplifier 416 generates a current that charges or discharges capacitor 310 to generate compensation signal 424. In another example, the compensation signal 424 is provided to the modulation element 406. In another example, capacitor 310 is coupled to terminal 340 (terminal COMP) and forms an integrator or low pass filter with error amplifier 416. In another example, error amplifier 416 is a transconductance amplifier and outputs a current proportional to the difference between reference signal 422 and signal 420. In another In the example, error amplifier 416, along with capacitor 310, generates a compensation signal 424, which is a voltage signal.

根據另一實施例，參考電壓生成器440將參考信號436(例如，Vref1)輸出到斜坡電流生成器442，將電壓信號494(例如，V1)輸出到斜坡信號生成器402，並且將參考信號422(例如，Vref_ea)輸出到誤差放大器416。在另一示例中，斜坡信號生成器402還接收由斜坡電流生成器442生成的電流信號438(例如，Iramp)並且生成斜坡信號428。在另一示例中，回應於控制信號430，電流傳感元件414對電壓356進行取樣，並且輸出信號420。 According to another embodiment, the reference voltage generator 440 outputs a reference signal 436 (eg, V ref1 ) to the ramp current generator 442, a voltage signal 494 (eg, V1) to the ramp signal generator 402, and the reference signal 422 (eg, V ref — ea ) is output to error amplifier 416 . In another example, ramp signal generator 402 also receives current signal 438 (eg, I ramp ) generated by ramp current generator 442 and generates ramp signal 428 . In another example, in response to control signal 430, current sensing element 414 samples voltage 356 and outputs signal 420.

根據另一實施例，電流信號438(例如，Iramp)從斜坡電流生成器442流到斜坡信號生成器402。例如，電流信號438(例如，Iramp)從斜坡信號生成器402流到斜坡電流生成器442。在另一示例中，調變元件406接收斜坡信號428並且輸出調變信號426。在另一示例中，邏輯控制器408處理調變信號426並且將控制信號430輸出到電流傳感元件414和驅動元件410。在另一示例中，調變信號426與脈衝寬度調變(Pulse Width Modulation,PWM)信號相對應。在另一示例中，驅動元件410生成驅動信號480以影響開關482。開關482被耦合在端子338(例如，端子DRAIN)和端子344(例如，端子CS)之間。在另一示例中，開關482以與開關週期相對應的開關頻率被閉合(例如，被導通)和被斷開(例如，被關斷)，其中開關週期包括其間開關482被閉合(例如，被導通)的導通時間段和其間開關482被斷開(例如，被關斷)的關斷時間段。作為示例，開關482的占空比(例如，D)等於導通時間段的持續時間除以開關週期的持續時間。作為另一示例，退磁感測器412感測回饋信號358並且將觸發信號498輸出到邏輯控制器408以開始下一週期(例如，與下一開關週期相對應)。 According to another embodiment, current signal 438 (eg, I ramp ) flows from ramp current generator 442 to ramp signal generator 402. For example, current signal 438 (eg, I ramp ) flows from ramp signal generator 402 to ramp current generator 442. In another example, the modulation element 406 receives the ramp signal 428 and outputs a modulation signal 426. In another example, logic controller 408 processes modulation signal 426 and outputs control signal 430 to current sensing element 414 and drive element 410. In another example, the modulation signal 426 corresponds to a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal. In another example, drive element 410 generates drive signal 480 to affect switch 482. Switch 482 is coupled between terminal 338 (eg, terminal DRAIN) and terminal 344 (eg, terminal CS). In another example, the switch 482 is closed (eg, turned on) and turned off (eg, turned off) at a switching frequency corresponding to the switching period, wherein the switching period includes the switch 482 being closed (eg, The turn-on period of the turn-on period and the turn-off period during which the switch 482 is turned off (eg, turned off). As an example, the duty cycle (eg, D) of switch 482 is equal to the duration of the on-time period divided by the duration of the switching period. As another example, the demagnetization sensor 412 senses the feedback signal 358 and outputs a trigger signal 498 to the logic controller 408 to begin the next cycle (eg, corresponding to the next switching cycle).

在一個實施例中，系統控制器302被配置為保持(1-D)×D×T on 近似恆定，從而電流398的平均值跟隨輸入電壓352以改善總諧波失真。因此， In one embodiment, system controller 302 is configured to keep (1- D ) x D x T on approximately constant such that the average of current 398 follows input voltage 352 to improve total harmonic distortion. therefore,

其中，Vcomp代表補償信號424(例如，誤差放大器416的輸出)，V1代表電壓信號494，Iramp代表電流信號438，D代表開關482的占空比，並且C代表斜坡信號生成器402中的內部電容器的電容。例如，斜坡信號428在每個開關週期期間線性地或非線性地增加到峰值，並且電壓信號494(例如，V1)與斜坡信號428的增加的起始點相對應。 Where Vcomp represents the compensation signal 424 (eg, the output of the error amplifier 416), V1 represents the voltage signal 494, I ramp represents the current signal 438, D represents the duty cycle of the switch 482, and C represents the ramp signal generator 402. The capacitance of the internal capacitor. For example, ramp signal 428 increases linearly or non-linearly to a peak during each switching cycle, and voltage signal 494 (eg, V1) corresponds to an increased starting point of ramp signal 428.

根據一些實施例，為保持與占空比(例如，D)和導通時間段(例如，Ton)的持續時間相關的乘積(1-D)×D×T on 恆定，斜坡電流生成器442生成電流信號438(例如，Iramp)並在幅度上與(1-D)×D成比例，其中D代表占空比(例如，D)。例如，電流信號438(例如，Iramp)按下式被確定：I ramp =k 1×(1-D)×D (公式12)其中k1代表係數參數(例如，常數)。 According to some embodiments, to maintain a product (1- D ) x D x T on that is related to the duration of the duty cycle (eg, D) and the on-time period (eg, Ton ), the ramp current generator 442 generates Current signal 438 (eg, I ramp ) is proportional in magnitude to (1- D )× D , where D represents a duty cycle (eg, D). For example, current signal 438 (e.g., I ramp ) is determined as follows: I ramp = k 1 × (1 - D ) × D (Equation 12) where k 1 represents a coefficient parameter (e.g., a constant).

在一些實施例中，斜坡電流生成器442生成電流信號438在幅度上與(1-D)×D近似成比例，從而使得與占空比(例如，D)和導通時間段(例如，Ton)的持續時間相關的乘積(1-D)×D×T on 保持近似恆定。例如，電流信號438(例如，Iramp)按下式被確定： In some embodiments, ramp current generator 442 generates a current signal 438 that is approximately proportional in magnitude to (1- D ) x D such that a duty cycle (eg, D) and a turn-on time period (eg, Ton) The duration-dependent product (1- D ) × D × T on remains approximately constant. For example, current signal 438 (eg, I ramp ) is determined as follows:

其中，k1代表係數參數(例如，常數)。在另一示例中，如公式13中所示，在幅度上與(1-D)×D成比例的電流信號438的誤差範圍是±5%。在另一示例中，如公式13中所示，在幅度上與(1-D)×D成比例的電流信號438的誤差範圍是±10%。在另一示例中，如公式13中所 示，在幅度上與(1-D)×D成比例的電流信號438的誤差範圍是±15%。在另一示例中，如公式13中所示，在幅度上與(1-D)×D成比例的電流信號438的誤差範圍是±20%。 Where k 1 represents a coefficient parameter (eg, a constant). In another example, as shown in Equation 13, the error range of current signal 438 proportional to (1- D ) x D in amplitude is ± 5%. In another example, as shown in Equation 13, the error range of current signal 438 proportional to (1- D ) x D in amplitude is ±10%. In another example, as shown in Equation 13, the error range of current signal 438 that is proportional to (1- D ) x D in amplitude is ±15%. In another example, as shown in Equation 13, the error range of current signal 438 that is proportional to (1- D ) x D in amplitude is ±20%.

如上面所討論的並且這裡進一步強調的，第4(A)圖僅是示例，其不應該不適當地限制申請專利範圍的範圍。本領域的普通技術人員應該理解很多變化、替代和修改。例如，替代接收調變信號426，斜坡電流生成器442接收驅動信號480。在另一示例中，替代接收調變信號426，斜坡電流生成器442接收由退磁感測器412生成的退磁信號。在另一示例中，斜坡電流生成器442接收與由退磁感測器412生成的退磁信號互補的信號。在一些實施例中，系統控制器302是晶片。例如，開關482在晶片上。在另一示例中，開關482被連接在端子338(例如，端子DRAIN)和端子344(例如，端子CS)之間，但是位於系統控制器302外部。 As discussed above and further emphasized herein, the 4th (A) diagram is merely an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed scope. Many variations, alternatives, and modifications will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. For example, instead of receiving the modulation signal 426, the ramp current generator 442 receives the drive signal 480. In another example, instead of receiving the modulated signal 426, the ramp current generator 442 receives the demagnetization signal generated by the demagnetization sensor 412. In another example, ramp current generator 442 receives a signal that is complementary to the demagnetization signal generated by demagnetization sensor 412. In some embodiments, system controller 302 is a wafer. For example, switch 482 is on the wafer. In another example, switch 482 is connected between terminal 338 (eg, terminal DRAIN) and terminal 344 (eg, terminal CS), but external to system controller 302.

第4(B)圖是根據本發明的實施例的針對作為電源轉換系統300的一部分的系統控制器302的簡化時序圖。該圖僅是示例，其不應該不適當地限制申請專利範圍的範圍。本領域的普通技術人員應該理解很多變化、替代和修改。波形902代表隨時間變化的調變信號426，波形904代表隨時間變化的驅動信號480，波形906代表隨時間變化的、由退磁感測器412生成的退磁信號，波形908代表隨時間變化的觸發信號498，並且波形910代表隨時間變化的斜坡信號428。 Figure 4(B) is a simplified timing diagram for system controller 302 as part of power conversion system 300, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. This figure is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the patent application. Many variations, alternatives, and modifications will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. Waveform 902 represents a time varying modulation signal 426, waveform 904 represents a time varying drive signal 480, waveform 906 represents a demagnetized signal generated by demagnetization sensor 412 as a function of time, and waveform 908 represents a time varying trigger. Signal 498, and waveform 910 represents ramp signal 428 as a function of time.

與驅動信號480相關聯的導通時間段和關斷時間段被示出在第4(B)圖中。導通時間段在時間t3處開始並且在時間t5處結束，並且關斷時間段在時間t5處開始並且在時間t8處結束。例如，t0 t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8。 The on-time period and off-time period associated with the drive signal 480 are shown in the 4th (B) diagram. Turn-on period begins at t 3 and t 5 at the end of the time period, and the off-period starts at the time t 5 and time t end 8. For example, t 0 t 1 t 2 t 3 t 4 t 5 t 6 t 7 t 8 .

根據一個實施例，在t0處，由退磁感測器412生成的退磁信號從邏輯高位準改變到邏輯低位準。例如，退磁感測器412在觸發信號498中生成脈衝(例如，在t0和t2之間)以觸發新的週期。作為示例， 斜坡信號428開始從幅度912增加到幅度914(例如，在t4處)。在另一示例中，在t1處，調變信號426從邏輯低位準改變到邏輯高位準。在短暫的延遲之後，驅動信號480從邏輯低位準改變(例如，在t3處)到邏輯高位準，並且作為響應開關482被閉合(例如，被導通)。在另一示例中，在t4處，調變信號426從邏輯高位準改變到邏輯低位準，並且斜坡信號428從幅度914減小到幅度912。在短暫的延遲之後，驅動信號480從邏輯高位準改變(例如，在t5處)到邏輯低位準，並且作為響應開關482是斷開的(例如，被關斷)。作為示例，在t6處，由退磁感測器412生成的退磁信號從邏輯低位準改變到邏輯高位準，其指示退磁過程的開始。在另一示例中，在t7處，由退磁感測器412生成的退磁信號從邏輯高位準改變到邏輯低位準，其指示退磁過程的結束。在另一示例中，退磁感測器412在觸發信號498中生成脈衝以開始下一週期。在另一示例中，斜坡信號428的幅度912與信號494相關聯。在另一示例中，斜坡信號428的幅度914與補償信號424的幅度相關聯。 According to one embodiment, at t 0 , the demagnetization signal generated by the demagnetization sensor 412 changes from a logic high level to a logic low level. For example, demagnetization sensor 412 generates a pulse (eg, between t 0 and t 2 ) in trigger signal 498 to trigger a new cycle. As an example, the amplitude of the ramp signal 912 from start 428 amplitude 914 increases (e.g., at t 4). In another example, at t 1, the modulation signal 426 from a logic low registration change to a logical high level. After a short delay, the driving signal 480 changes from a logic low level (e.g., at t 3) to a logic high level, and in response switch 482 is closed (e.g., is turned on). In another example, at t 4, the modulation signal 426 from the registration logic high to a logic low voltage level change, and the ramp signal amplitude decreases from 428 914 to 912 magnitude. After a short delay, the driving signal 480 changes from a logic high level (e.g., at t 5) to a logic low level, and in response switch 482 is off (e.g., turned off). As an example, at t 6, the sensor 412 generated by the demagnetization demagnetization signal level changes from a logic low to a logic high level, which indicates the start of the demagnetization process. In another example, at t 7, the sensor 412 generated by the demagnetization demagnetization signal level from logic high to a logic low voltage level change, which indicates the end of the demagnetization process. In another example, the demagnetization sensor 412 generates a pulse in the trigger signal 498 to begin the next cycle. In another example, the amplitude 912 of the ramp signal 428 is associated with the signal 494. In another example, the amplitude 914 of the ramp signal 428 is associated with the magnitude of the compensation signal 424.

第4(C)圖根據本發明的一個實施例的示出了作為系統控制器302的一部分的斜坡電流生成器442的簡化圖。該圖僅作為示例，其不應該不適當地限制申請專利範圍的範圍。本領域的普通技術人員應該理解很多變化、替代和修改。斜坡電流生成器442包括運算放大器506、低通濾波器508、電壓到電流轉換器510、反閘518、增益級522(例如，放大器)、另一低通濾波器528、以及開關502、504、524和526。作為示例，低通濾波器528包括RC(Resistor-capacitor Circuit)濾波器，RC濾波器包括一個或多個電阻器以及一個或多個電容器。 Figure 4(C) shows a simplified diagram of a ramp current generator 442 as part of system controller 302, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. This figure is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the patent application. Many variations, alternatives, and modifications will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The ramp current generator 442 includes an operational amplifier 506, a low pass filter 508, a voltage to current converter 510, a reverse gate 518, a gain stage 522 (eg, an amplifier), another low pass filter 528, and switches 502, 504, 524 and 526. As an example, low pass filter 528 includes a RC (Resistor-Capacitor Circuit) filter that includes one or more resistors and one or more capacitors.

根據一個實施例，開關502響應於調變信號426(例如，PWM)被閉合或斷開，並且開關504回應於信號512(例如，PWM_b)被閉合或斷開。例如，反閘518生成與調變信號426(例如，PWM)互補的信號512(例如，PWM_b)。作為示例，如果調變信號426是在邏輯高位準，則信號512是在邏輯低位準，並且如果調變信號426是 在邏輯低位準，則信號512是在邏輯高位準。 According to one embodiment, switch 502 is closed or opened in response to modulation signal 426 (eg, PWM), and switch 504 is closed or opened in response to signal 512 (eg, PWM_b). For example, the reverse gate 518 generates a signal 512 (eg, PWM_b) that is complementary to the modulation signal 426 (eg, PWM). As an example, if the modulation signal 426 is at a logic high level, the signal 512 is at a logic low level, and if the modulation signal 426 is At a logic low level, signal 512 is at a logic high level.

根據另一實施例，如果調變信號426(例如，PWM)是在邏輯高位準，則開關502是閉合的(例如，被導通)並且運算放大器506在它的非反相端子(例如，端子“+”)處接收參考信號436(例如，Vref1)，其中運算放大器506的反相端子(例如，端子“-”)和輸出端子被連接在一起，運算放大器506被設置為增益為近似為1的緩衝放大器。例如，運算放大器506包括增益為1的緩衝放大器。作為示例，信號512是在邏輯低位準，並且開關504是斷開的(例如，被關斷)。例如，低通濾波器508從運算放大器506接收信號516並且輸出經過濾波的信號514(例如，Vduty)。作為另一示例，經過濾波的信號514(例如，Vduty)是電壓信號並且被生成經放大信號530的增益級522(例如，包括增益為G的放大器)接收。在另一示例中，信號516(例如，在幅度上)近似等於參考信號436。作為另一示例，增益級522包括增益等於1的放大器。在一些實施例中，運算放大器506被省略。 According to another embodiment, if the modulation signal 426 (eg, PWM) is at a logic high level, the switch 502 is closed (eg, turned on) and the operational amplifier 506 is at its non-inverting terminal (eg, the terminal "+") receives a reference signal 436 (eg, V ref1 ) in which the inverting terminal (eg, terminal "-") of the operational amplifier 506 and the output terminal are connected together, and the operational amplifier 506 is set to have a gain of approximately 1 Buffer amplifier. For example, operational amplifier 506 includes a buffer amplifier with a gain of one. As an example, signal 512 is at a logic low level and switch 504 is open (eg, turned off). For example, low pass filter 508 receives signal 516 from operational amplifier 506 and outputs filtered signal 514 (eg, V duty ). As another example, the filtered signal 514 (eg, V duty ) is a voltage signal and is received by a gain stage 522 that generates an amplified signal 530 (eg, an amplifier that includes a gain of G). In another example, signal 516 (eg, in magnitude) is approximately equal to reference signal 436. As another example, gain stage 522 includes an amplifier having a gain equal to one. In some embodiments, operational amplifier 506 is omitted.

根據另一實施例中，如果調變信號426(例如，PWM)是在邏輯低位準並且信號512是在邏輯高位準，則開關502是斷開的(例如，被關斷)，並且開關504是閉合的(例如，被導通)。例如，運算放大器506在它的非反相端子(例如，端子“+”)處接收地電壓520，並且改變信號516。作為示例，信號516近似等於地電壓520。 According to another embodiment, if the modulation signal 426 (eg, PWM) is at a logic low level and the signal 512 is at a logic high level, the switch 502 is open (eg, turned off) and the switch 504 is Closed (eg, turned on). For example, operational amplifier 506 receives ground voltage 520 at its non-inverting terminal (eg, terminal "+") and changes signal 516. As an example, signal 516 is approximately equal to ground voltage 520.

在一個實施例，開關524響應於信號512(例如，PWM_b)而被閉合或斷開，並且開關526回應於調變信號426(例如，PWM)而被閉合或斷開。例如，如果調變信號426(例如，PWM)是在邏輯低位準，則信號512(例如，PWM_b)是在邏輯高位準。作為回應，則開關524是閉合的(例如，被導通)，並且開關526是斷開的(例如，被關斷)。作為示例低通濾波器528接收經放大信號530並且輸出經過濾波的信號532(例如，VD(1-D))。作為另一示例，經過濾波的信號532(例如，VD(1-D))是電壓信號，並且被電壓到電流轉換器510轉換為電 流438(例如，Iramp)。 In one embodiment, switch 524 is closed or opened in response to signal 512 (eg, PWM_b), and switch 526 is closed or opened in response to modulation signal 426 (eg, PWM). For example, if the modulation signal 426 (eg, PWM) is at a logic low level, the signal 512 (eg, PWM_b) is at a logic high level. In response, switch 524 is closed (eg, turned on) and switch 526 is open (eg, turned off). The amplified signal 530 is received as an example low pass filter 528 and the filtered signal 532 (eg, VD(1-D)) is output. As another example, filtered signal 532 (eg, VD(1-D)) is a voltage signal and is converted to current 438 (eg, I ramp ) by voltage to current converter 510.

在另一實施例中，如果調變信號426(例如，PWM)是在邏輯高位準並且信號512是在邏輯低位準的，則開關524是斷開的(例如，被關斷)，並且開關526是閉合的(例如，被導通)。例如，低通濾波器528接收地電壓520並且改變經過濾波的信號532。作為示例，信號516近似等於地電壓520。 In another embodiment, if the modulation signal 426 (eg, PWM) is at a logic high level and the signal 512 is at a logic low level, the switch 524 is open (eg, turned off), and the switch 526 It is closed (for example, turned on). For example, low pass filter 528 receives ground voltage 520 and changes filtered signal 532. As an example, signal 516 is approximately equal to ground voltage 520.

在另一實施例中，電流438信號(例如，Iramp)是按下式確定的：I ramp =α×V ref1×D×(1-D) (公式14)其中Vref1代表參考信號436，α代表係數參數(例如，常數)，並且D代表開關482的占空比。 In another embodiment, the current 438 signal (eg, I ramp ) is determined as follows: I ramp = α × V ref 1 × D × (1- D ) (Equation 14) where V ref1 represents the reference signal 436 , α represents a coefficient parameter (for example, a constant), and D represents a duty ratio of the switch 482.

第4(D)圖是根據本發明的一些實施例的示出了作為系統控制器302的一部分的斜坡電流生成器442和斜坡信號生成器402的簡化圖。該圖僅作為示例，其不應該不適當地限制申請專利範圍的範圍。本領域的普通技術人員應該理解很多變化、替代和修改。斜坡信號生成器402包括運算放大器546、開關540和542以及電容器544。例如，開關502、504、524、526、540和542各自包括一個或多個MOS電晶體。 Figure 4(D) is a simplified diagram showing ramp current generator 442 and ramp signal generator 402 as part of system controller 302, in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. This figure is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the patent application. Many variations, alternatives, and modifications will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The ramp signal generator 402 includes an operational amplifier 546, switches 540 and 542, and a capacitor 544. For example, switches 502, 504, 524, 526, 540, and 542 each include one or more MOS transistors.

根據一個實施例，響應於調變信號426(例如，PWM)開關540被閉合或斷開，並且回應於信號512(例如，PWM_b)開關542被閉合或斷開。在一個實施例中，如果調變信號426(例如，PWM)是在邏輯低位準並且信號512是在邏輯高位準，則開關540是斷開的(例如，被關斷)並且開關504是閉合的(例如，被導通)。例如，運算放大器546在它的非反相端子(例如，端子“+”)處接收電壓信號494(例如，V1)並且輸出信號548，其中運算放大器546的反相端子(例如，端子“-”)和輸出端子被連接在一起。作為示例，信號548近似等於(例如，在幅度上)電壓信號494(例如，V1)，並且作為回應電容器544上的電壓變成(例如，在幅度上)近似等於信號548並且因此近似等於電壓 信號494(例如，V1)。 According to one embodiment, switch 540 is closed or opened in response to modulation signal 426 (eg, PWM), and switch 542 is closed or opened in response to signal 512 (eg, PWM_b). In one embodiment, if the modulation signal 426 (eg, PWM) is at a logic low level and the signal 512 is at a logic high level, the switch 540 is open (eg, turned off) and the switch 504 is closed. (for example, turned on). For example, operational amplifier 546 receives voltage signal 494 (eg, V1) at its non-inverting terminal (eg, terminal "+") and outputs signal 548, where the inverting terminal of operational amplifier 546 (eg, terminal "-" ) and the output terminals are connected together. As an example, signal 548 is approximately equal to (eg, in amplitude) voltage signal 494 (eg, V1), and as a response voltage on capacitor 544 becomes (eg, in amplitude) approximately equal to signal 548 and thus approximately equals voltage Signal 494 (eg, V1).

在另一實施例中，如果調變信號426(例如，PWM)改變到邏輯高位準並且信號512改變到邏輯低位準，則開關540是閉合的(例如，被導通)並且開關504是斷開的(例如，被關斷)。例如，斜坡電流生成器442輸出電流信號438以通過閉合的開關540給電容器544充電。作為示例，與電容器544上的電壓相對應的斜坡信號428隨著電流信號438給電容器544充電從幅度近似等於電壓信號494(例如，V1)增加(例如，線性地或非線性地)到最大幅度(例如，補償信號424)。 In another embodiment, if the modulation signal 426 (eg, PWM) changes to a logic high level and the signal 512 changes to a logic low level, the switch 540 is closed (eg, turned on) and the switch 504 is open (for example, turned off). For example, ramp current generator 442 outputs current signal 438 to charge capacitor 544 through closed switch 540. As an example, ramp signal 428 corresponding to the voltage on capacitor 544 charges capacitor 544 with current signal 438 increasing (eg, linearly or non-linearly) to a maximum amplitude from an amplitude approximately equal to voltage signal 494 (eg, V1) (eg, compensation signal 424).

如上面所討論的並且這裡進一步強調的，第4(A)、4(B)、4(C)和4(D)圖僅是示例，其不應該不適當地限制申請專利範圍的範圍。本領域的普通技術人員應該理解很多變化、替代和修改。例如，斜坡電流生成器442至少部分地基於(1-D)×D和參考信號436和補償信號424之間的差值的乘積來生成電流信號438(例如，Iramp)，從而使得補償信號424(例如，Vcomp)在不同的輸入電壓處不變化太多以降低補償信號424的連鎖反應，如第5(A)圖中所示。 As discussed above and further emphasized herein, the 4(A), 4(B), 4(C), and 4(D) figures are merely examples, which should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed scope. Many variations, alternatives, and modifications will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. For example, ramp current generator 442 generates current signal 438 (eg, I ramp ) based at least in part on the product of (1- D )× D and the difference between reference signal 436 and compensation signal 424, such that compensation signal 424 (eg, Vcomp ) does not change too much at different input voltages to reduce the chain reaction of the compensation signal 424, as shown in Figure 5(A).

第5(A)圖是根據本發明的另一實施例的示出了作為電源轉換系統300的一部分的系統控制器302的簡化圖。該圖僅作為示例，其不應該不適當地限制申請專利範圍的範圍。本領域的普通技術人員應該理解很多變化、替代和修改。系統控制器302包括斜坡信號生成器602、欠壓鎖定(UVLO)元件604、調變元件606(例如，比較器)、邏輯控制器608、驅動元件610(例如，柵極驅動器)、退磁感測器612、誤差放大器616、電流傳感元件614(例如，電流感測器)、參考電壓生成器640、開關682(例如，功率開關)以及斜坡電流生成器642。例如，開關682包括雙極結型電晶體。在另一示例中，開關682包括MOS電晶體。在又一示例中，開關682包括絕緣閘雙極型電晶體(IGBT)。 Figure 5(A) is a simplified diagram showing system controller 302 as part of power conversion system 300, in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. This figure is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the patent application. Many variations, alternatives, and modifications will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. System controller 302 includes ramp signal generator 602, undervoltage lockout (UVLO) element 604, modulation element 606 (eg, comparator), logic controller 608, drive element 610 (eg, gate driver), demagnetization sensing The 612, the error amplifier 616, the current sensing element 614 (eg, current sensor), the reference voltage generator 640, the switch 682 (eg, a power switch), and the ramp current generator 642. For example, switch 682 includes a bipolar junction transistor. In another example, switch 682 includes a MOS transistor. In yet another example, the switch 682 includes an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT).

例如，斜坡信號生成器602、欠壓鎖定(UVLO)元件604、調變元件606、邏輯控制器608、驅動元件610、退磁感測器612、 誤差放大器616、電流傳感元件614、參考電壓生成器640以及斜坡電流生成器642分別與斜坡信號生成器402、欠壓鎖定(UVLO)元件404、調變元件406、邏輯控制器408、驅動元件410、退磁感測器412、誤差放大器416、電流傳感元件414、參考電壓生成器440以及斜坡電流生成器442相同。 For example, ramp signal generator 602, undervoltage lockout (UVLO) element 604, modulation element 606, logic controller 608, drive element 610, demagnetization sensor 612, Error amplifier 616, current sensing element 614, reference voltage generator 640, and ramp current generator 642 are coupled to ramp signal generator 402, undervoltage lockout (UVLO) component 404, modulation component 406, logic controller 408, and drive component, respectively 410, demagnetization sensor 412, error amplifier 416, current sensing element 414, reference voltage generator 440, and ramp current generator 442 are identical.

根據一個實施例，UVLO元件604感測電壓信號354並且輸出信號618(例如，por)。例如，如果電壓信號354在幅度上大於第一預定閾值，則系統控制器302開始正常地運作。如果電壓信號354在幅度上小於第二預定閾值，則系統控制器302被關閉。在另一示例中，第二預定閾值在幅度上小於或等於第一預定閾值。在另一示例中，誤差放大器616接收來自電流傳感元件614的信號620和參考信號622，並且補償信號624被提供給調變元件606和斜坡電流生成器642。在另一示例中，電容器310被耦合到端子340並且與誤差放大器616一起形成積分器或低通濾波器。在另一示例中，誤差放大器616是跨導放大器並且輸出與參考信號622和信號620之間的差值成比例的電流。在另一示例中，誤差放大器616與電容器310一起生成補償信號624，補償信號624是電壓信號。 According to one embodiment, UVLO element 604 senses voltage signal 354 and outputs signal 618 (eg, por). For example, if voltage signal 354 is greater in magnitude than the first predetermined threshold, system controller 302 begins to function normally. If the voltage signal 354 is less than the second predetermined threshold in magnitude, the system controller 302 is turned off. In another example, the second predetermined threshold is less than or equal to the first predetermined threshold in magnitude. In another example, error amplifier 616 receives signal 620 from current sensing element 614 and reference signal 622, and compensation signal 624 is provided to modulation element 606 and ramp current generator 642. In another example, capacitor 310 is coupled to terminal 340 and forms an integrator or low pass filter with error amplifier 616. In another example, error amplifier 616 is a transconductance amplifier and outputs a current proportional to the difference between reference signal 622 and signal 620. In another example, error amplifier 616, along with capacitor 310, generates a compensation signal 624, which is a voltage signal.

根據另一實施例，參考電壓生成器640將參考信號636(例如，Vref1)輸出到斜坡電流生成器642，將電壓信號694(例如，V1)輸出到斜坡信號生成器602，並且將參考信號622(例如，Vref_ea)輸出到誤差放大器616。例如，斜坡信號生成器602還接收由斜坡電流生成器642生成的電流信號638(例如，Iramp)並且生成斜坡信號628。在另一示例中，電流信號638(例如，Iramp)從斜坡信號生成器602流到斜坡電流生成器642。在另一示例中，調變元件606接收斜坡信號628並且輸出調變信號626。在另一示例中，邏輯控制器608處理調變信號626並且將控制信號630輸出到電流傳感元件614和驅動元件610。在另一示例中，調變信號626與脈寬調變變(Pulse Width Modulation,PWM)信號相對應。 According to another embodiment, the reference voltage generator 640 outputs a reference signal 636 (eg, V ref1 ) to the ramp current generator 642 , a voltage signal 694 (eg, V1 ) to the ramp signal generator 602 , and the reference signal 622 (eg, V ref — ea ) is output to error amplifier 616. For example, ramp signal generator 602 also receives current signal 638 (eg, I ramp ) generated by ramp current generator 642 and generates ramp signal 628. In another example, current signal 638 (eg, I ramp ) flows from ramp signal generator 602 to ramp current generator 642. In another example, modulation component 606 receives ramp signal 628 and outputs modulation signal 626. In another example, logic controller 608 processes modulation signal 626 and outputs control signal 630 to current sensing element 614 and drive element 610. In another example, the modulated signal 626 corresponds to a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal.

根據另一實施例，回應於控制信號630，電流傳感件614 對電流傳感信號(例如，電壓356)進行取樣並且生成信號620。例如，驅動元件610生成信號680以影響開關682。在另一示例中，開關682被耦合在端子338(例如，端子DRAIN)和端子344(例如，端子CS)之間。在另一示例中，開關682以與開關週期相對應的開關頻率被閉合(例如，被導通)和被斷開(例如，被關斷)，其中開關週期包括其間開關682被閉合(例如，被導通)的導通時間段和其間開關682被斷開(例如，被關斷)的關斷時間段。作為示例，開關682的占空比(例如，D)等於導通時間段的持續時間除以開關週期的持續時間。 According to another embodiment, in response to control signal 630, current sense component 614 A current sense signal (eg, voltage 356) is sampled and a signal 620 is generated. For example, drive component 610 generates signal 680 to affect switch 682. In another example, switch 682 is coupled between terminal 338 (eg, terminal DRAIN) and terminal 344 (eg, terminal CS). In another example, the switch 682 is closed (eg, turned on) and turned off (eg, turned off) at a switching frequency corresponding to the switching period, wherein the switching period includes the switch 682 being closed (eg, The turn-on period of the turn-on period and the turn-off period during which the switch 682 is turned off (eg, turned off). As an example, the duty cycle (eg, D) of switch 682 is equal to the duration of the on-time period divided by the duration of the switching period.

作為另一示例，退磁感測器612感測回饋信號358以確定電感元件326的退磁處理的開始和/或結束。作為另一示例，退磁感測器612將觸發信號698輸出到邏輯控制器608以開始下一週期(例如，與下一開關週期相對應)。 As another example, the demagnetization sensor 612 senses the feedback signal 358 to determine the beginning and/or end of the demagnetization process of the inductive element 326. As another example, the demagnetization sensor 612 outputs a trigger signal 698 to the logic controller 608 to begin the next cycle (eg, corresponding to the next switching cycle).

在一個實施例中，為保持(1-D)×D與導通時間段(例如，Ton)的持續時間的乘積恆定，斜坡電流生成器642生成電流信號638(例如，Iramp)以在幅度上與(1-D)×D成比例。例如，電流信號638(例如，Iramp)按下式被確定：I ramp =k 2×(1-D)×D (公式15) In one embodiment, to maintain a constant product of (1- D ) x D and the duration of the on-time period (e.g., Ton ), ramp current generator 642 generates current signal 638 (e.g., I ramp ) to The upper is proportional to (1- D )× D . For example, current signal 638 (eg, I ramp ) is determined as follows: I ramp = k 2 × (1- D ) × D (Equation 15)

其中k2代表係數參數。作為示例，k2與參考信號636(例如，Vref)和補償信號624(例如，Vcomp)之間的差值成比例。在某些實施例中，電流信號638(例如，Iramp)按下式被確定：I ramp =β×(V ref -V comp )×(1-D)×D (公式16)其中，β代表係數參數(例如，常數)。根據某些實施例，在一些應用中，補償信號624(例如，Vcomp)(例如，誤差放大器616的輸出)代表針對給定輸入電壓的輸出負載條件。 Where k 2 represents the coefficient parameter. As an example, k 2 is proportional to the difference between reference signal 636 (eg, V ref ) and compensation signal 624 (eg, V comp ). In some embodiments, current signal 638 (e.g., I ramp ) is determined as follows: I ramp = β × ( V ref - V comp ) × (1 - D ) × D (Equation 16) where β represents Coefficient parameters (for example, constants). According to some embodiments, in some applications, the compensation signal 624 (eg, Vcomp ) (eg, the output of the error amplifier 616) represents an output load condition for a given input voltage.

在一些實施例中，斜坡電流生成器642生成電流信號638以在幅度上與(1-D)×D近似成比例，從而使得(1-D)×D與導通時間段 (例如，Ton)的持續時間的乘積保持近似恆定。例如，電流638信號(例如，Iramp)按下式被確定： In some embodiments, ramp current generator 642 generates current signal 638 to be approximately proportional in magnitude to (1- D ) x D such that (1- D ) x D and the on-time period (eg, Ton ) The product of the duration remains approximately constant. For example, a current 638 signal (eg, I ramp ) is determined as follows:

其中，k2代表係數參數。作為示例，k2與參考信號636(例如，Vref)和補償信號624(例如，Vcomp)之間的差值近似成比例。在某些實施例中，電流信號638(例如，Iramp)按下式被確定： Where k 2 represents a coefficient parameter. As an example, the difference between k 2 and reference signal 636 (eg, V ref ) and compensation signal 624 (eg, V comp ) is approximately proportional. In some embodiments, a current signal 638 (eg, I ramp ) is determined as follows:

其中，β代表係數參數(例如，常數)。例如，如公式18中所示，同(1-D)×D與參考信號636和補償信號624之間的差值的乘積成比例的電流信號638的誤差範圍是±5%。在另一示例中，如公式18中所示，同(1-D)×D與參考信號636和補償信號624之間的差值的乘積成比例的電流信號638的誤差範圍是±10%。在另一示例中，如公式18中所示，同(1-D)×D與參考信號636和補償信號624之間的差值的乘積成比例的電流信號638的誤差範圍是±15%。在另一示例中，如公式18中所示，同(1-D)×D與參考信號636和補償信號624之間的差值的乘積成比例的電流信號638的誤差範圍是±20%。 Where β represents a coefficient parameter (for example, a constant). For example, as shown in Equation 18, the error range of current signal 638 proportional to the product of the difference between (1- D ) x D and reference signal 636 and compensation signal 624 is ± 5%. In another example, as shown in Equation 18, the error range of current signal 638 that is proportional to the product of the difference between (1- D ) x D and reference signal 636 and compensation signal 624 is ± 10%. In another example, as shown in Equation 18, the error range of current signal 638 that is proportional to the product of the difference between (1- D ) x D and reference signal 636 and compensation signal 624 is ± 15%. In another example, as shown in Equation 18, the error range of current signal 638 that is proportional to the product of the difference between (1- D ) x D and reference signal 636 and compensation signal 624 is ± 20%.

如上面所討論的並且這裡進一步強調的，第5(A)圖僅是示例，其不應該不適當地限制申請專利範圍的範圍。本領域的普通技術人員應該理解很多變化、替代和修改。例如，替代接收調變信號626，斜坡電流生成器642接收信號680。在另一示例中，替代接收調變信號626，斜坡電流生成器642接收由退磁感測器612生成的退磁信號。在另一示例中，替代接收調變信號626，斜坡電流生成器642接收與退磁信號互補的信號。在一些實施例中，系統控制器302是晶片。例如，開關682在晶片上。在另一示例中，開關682在晶片外。在某些實施例中，開關682被連接在端子338(例如，端子DRAIN)和端子344(例如，端子CS)之間，但是位於系統控制器302外部。 As discussed above and further emphasized herein, the 5th (A) diagram is merely an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed scope. Many variations, alternatives, and modifications will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. For example, instead of receiving the modulation signal 626, the ramp current generator 642 receives the signal 680. In another example, instead of receiving the modulation signal 626, the ramp current generator 642 receives the demagnetization signal generated by the demagnetization sensor 612. In another example, instead of receiving the modulated signal 626, the ramp current generator 642 receives a signal that is complementary to the demagnetization signal. In some embodiments, system controller 302 is a wafer. For example, switch 682 is on the wafer. In another example, the switch 682 is external to the wafer. In some embodiments, switch 682 is connected between terminal 338 (eg, terminal DRAIN) and terminal 344 (eg, terminal CS), but external to system controller 302.

第5(B)圖是根據本發明的另一實施例的針對作為電源轉換系統300的一部分的系統控制器302的簡化時序圖。該圖僅是示例，其不應該不適當地限制申請專利範圍的範圍。本領域的普通技術人員應該理解很多變化、替代和修改。波形802代表隨時間變化的調變信號626，波形804代表隨時間變化的信號680，波形806代表隨時間變化的、由退磁感測器612生成的退磁信號，波形808代表隨時間變化的觸發信號698，並且波形810代表隨時間變化的斜坡信號628。 Figure 5(B) is a simplified timing diagram for system controller 302 as part of power conversion system 300, in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. This figure is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the patent application. Many variations, alternatives, and modifications will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. Waveform 802 represents a time varying modulation signal 626, waveform 804 represents a time varying signal 680, waveform 806 represents a demagnetized signal generated by demagnetization sensor 612 as a function of time, and waveform 808 represents a time varying trigger signal. 698, and waveform 810 represents ramp signal 628 that varies over time.

與信號680相關聯的導通時間段和關斷時間段被示出在第5(B)圖中。導通時間段在時間t13處開始並且在時間t15處結束，並且關斷時間段在時間t15處開始並且在時間t18處結束。例如，t10 t11 t12 t13 t14 t15 t16 t17 t18。 The on-time period and off-time period associated with signal 680 are shown in Figure 5(B). Turn-on period begins at time t 13 and ends at time t at 15, and the off-period starts at the time t 15 and t 18 is the time at the end. For example, t 10 t 11 t 12 t 13 t 14 t 15 t 16 t 17 t 18 .

根據一個實施例，在t10處，由退磁感測器612生成的退磁信號從邏輯低位準改變到邏輯高位準。例如，退磁感測器612在觸發信號698中生成脈衝(例如，在t10和t12之間)以觸發新的週期。作為示例，斜坡信號628開始從幅度812增加到幅度814(例如，在t14處)。在另一示例中，在t11處，信號626從邏輯低位準改變到邏輯高位準。在短暫的延遲之後，信號680從邏輯低位準改變(例如，在t13處)到邏輯高位準，並且作為響應開關682被閉合(例如，被導通)。在另一示例中，在t14處，信號626從邏輯高位準改變到邏輯低位準，並且斜坡信號628從幅度814減小到幅度812。在短暫的延遲之後，信號680從邏輯高位準改變改變(例如，在t15處)到邏輯低位準，並且作為響應開關682是斷開的(例如，被關斷)。 According to one embodiment, at t 10, the sensor 612 generated by the demagnetization demagnetization signal level changes from a logic low to a logic high level. For example, the demagnetization sensor 612 generates a pulse trigger signal 698 (e.g., between t 10 and t 12) to trigger a new cycle. As an example, ramp signal 628 begins to increase from amplitude 812 to amplitude 814 (eg, at t 14 ). In another example, at t 11, a signal 626 from a logic low registration change to a logical high level. After a brief delay, signal 680 changes from a logic low level (eg, at t 13 ) to a logic high level and is closed (eg, turned on) as a response switch 682. In another example, at t 14, the signal 626 changes from the quasi logic high to a logic low level, and the amplitude of the ramp signal 814 decreases from 628 to 812 magnitude. After a short delay, the signal 680 changes from a logic high to change the registration (e.g., at t 15) to a logic low level, and in response switch 682 is off (e.g., turned off).

根據另一實施例，在t16處，由退磁感測器612生成的退磁信號從邏輯低位準改變到邏輯高位準，其指示退磁過程的開始。在另一示例中，在t17處，由退磁感測器612生成的退磁信號從邏輯高位準改變到邏輯低位準，其指示退磁過程的結束。在另一示例中，退磁感測器612在觸發信號698中生成脈衝以開始下一週期。在另一示例中，斜坡信號628 的幅度812與電壓信號694相關聯。在另一示例中，斜坡信號628的幅度814與補償信號624的幅度相關聯。在另一示例中，斜坡信號628的斜坡斜率通過補償信號624(例如，Vcomp)(例如，誤差放大器616的輸出)被調變。 According to another embodiment, at t 16, the sensor 612 generated by the demagnetization demagnetization signal changes from a logic low level to a logic high level, which indicates the start of the demagnetization process. In another example, at t 17, the sensor 612 generated by the demagnetization demagnetization signal level from logic high to a logic low voltage level change, which indicates the end of the demagnetization process. In another example, the demagnetization sensor 612 generates a pulse in the trigger signal 698 to begin the next cycle. In another example, the amplitude 812 of the ramp signal 628 is associated with the voltage signal 694. In another example, the amplitude 814 of the ramp signal 628 is associated with the magnitude of the compensation signal 624. In another example, the ramp slope of ramp signal 628 is modulated by a compensation signal 624 (eg, Vcomp ) (eg, the output of error amplifier 616).

根據另一實施例，在導通時間段期間斜坡信號628的幅度改變按下式被確定：△V ramp =V comp -V1=slp×T on (公式19)其中，△Vramp代表斜坡信號628的幅度改變，Vcomp代表信號624，V1代表電壓信號694，slp代表與斜坡信號628相關聯的斜坡斜率，並且Ton代表導通時間段的持續時間。例如，V1與斜坡信號628的幅度812相對應。基於公式20，導通時間段的持續時間按下式被確定： According to another embodiment, during the on-period of the ramp 628 changes the signal amplitude is determined by the following equation: △ V ramp = V comp - V 1 = slp × T on ( Equation 19) where, △ V ramp signal representative of the ramp 628 The magnitude of the change, Vcomp represents signal 624, V1 represents voltage signal 694, slp represents the slope of the ramp associated with ramp signal 628, and Ton represents the duration of the on-time period. For example, V1 corresponds to the amplitude 812 of the ramp signal 628. Based on Equation 20, the duration of the on-time period is determined as follows:

如公式16中所示，根據某些實施例，針對給定的補償信號(例如，誤差放大器616的輸出)，導通時間段的持續時間由斜坡信號628的斜坡斜率確定。例如，t11和t14之間的波形810的斜率與斜坡信號628的斜坡斜率相對應。在一些實施例中，斜坡信號628的斜坡斜率與斜坡信號428的斜坡斜率相同。在某些實施例中，斜坡信號628的斜坡斜率不同於斜坡信號428的斜坡斜率。 As shown in Equation 16, for a given compensation signal (eg, the output of error amplifier 616), the duration of the on-time period is determined by the ramp slope of ramp signal 628, in accordance with certain embodiments. For example, the slope of waveform 810 between t 11 and t 14 corresponds to the slope of ramp signal 628. In some embodiments, the ramp slope of ramp signal 628 is the same as the ramp slope of ramp signal 428. In some embodiments, the ramp slope of ramp signal 628 is different than the ramp slope of ramp signal 428.

第5(C)圖根據本發明的另一實施例的示出了作為系統控制器302的一部分的斜坡電流生成器642的簡化圖。該圖僅作為示例，其不應該不適當地限制申請專利範圍的範圍。本領域的普通技術人員應該理解很多變化、替代和修改。斜坡電流生成器642包括運算放大器706、低通濾波器708、電壓到電流轉換器710、反閘718、求和元件722(例如，加法器-減法器)、增益級730(例如，放大器)、另一低通濾波器736、以及開關702、704、732和734。 FIG. 5(C) shows a simplified diagram of a ramp current generator 642 as part of system controller 302, in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. This figure is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the patent application. Many variations, alternatives, and modifications will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The ramp current generator 642 includes an operational amplifier 706, a low pass filter 708, a voltage to current converter 710, a reverse gate 718, a summing element 722 (eg, an adder-subtractor), a gain stage 730 (eg, an amplifier), Another low pass filter 736, and switches 702, 704, 732, and 734.

例如，運算放大器706、低通濾波器708、電壓到電流轉換器710、反閘718、增益級730(例如，放大器)、低通濾波器736、以及開關702、704、732和734分別與運算放大器506、低通濾波器508、電壓到電流轉換器510、反閘518、增益級522、低通濾波器528、以及開關502、504、524和526相同。作為示例，低通濾波器708包括RC濾波器，該RC濾波器包括一個或多個電阻器以及一個或多個電容器。作為另一示例，低通濾波器736包括RC濾波器，該濾波器包括一個或多個電阻器和一個以及多個電容器。在一些實施例中，運算放大器706被省略。 For example, operational amplifier 706, low pass filter 708, voltage to current converter 710, reverse gate 718, gain stage 730 (eg, amplifier), low pass filter 736, and switches 702, 704, 732, and 734, respectively, operate Amplifier 506, low pass filter 508, voltage to current converter 510, reverse gate 518, gain stage 522, low pass filter 528, and switches 502, 504, 524, and 526 are identical. As an example, low pass filter 708 includes an RC filter that includes one or more resistors and one or more capacitors. As another example, low pass filter 736 includes an RC filter that includes one or more resistors and one and a plurality of capacitors. In some embodiments, operational amplifier 706 is omitted.

根據一個實施例，開關702響應於調變信號626(例如，PWM)被閉合或斷開，並且開關704回應於信號712(例如，PWM_b)被閉合或斷開。例如，反閘718生成與調變信號626(例如，PWM)互補的信號712(例如，PWM_b)。作為示例，如果調變信號626是在邏輯高位準，則信號712是在邏輯低位準，並且如果調變信號626是在邏輯低位準，則信號712是在邏輯高位準。在另一示例中，求和元件722接收參考信號636(例如，Vref)和補償信號624(例如，Vcomp)並且生成信號724，信號724等於(例如，在幅度上)參考信號636(例如，Vref)和補償信號624(例如，Vcomp)之間的差值。 According to one embodiment, switch 702 is closed or opened in response to modulation signal 626 (eg, PWM), and switch 704 is closed or opened in response to signal 712 (eg, PWM_b). For example, the reverse gate 718 generates a signal 712 (eg, PWM_b) that is complementary to the modulation signal 626 (eg, PWM). As an example, if the modulation signal 626 is at a logic high level, the signal 712 is at a logic low level, and if the modulation signal 626 is at a logic low level, the signal 712 is at a logic high level. In another example, summing element 722 receives reference signal 636 (eg, V ref ) and compensation signal 624 (eg, V comp ) and generates signal 724 equal to (eg, in magnitude) reference signal 636 (eg, , V ref ) and the difference between the compensation signal 624 (eg, V comp ).

根據另一實施例，如果調變信號626(例如，PWM)是在邏輯高位準，則開關702是閉合的(例如，被導通)並且運算放大器706在它的非反相端子(例如，端子“+”)處接收信號724，其中放大器706的反相端子(例如，端子“-”)和輸出端子被連接在一起。作為示例，信號712是在邏輯低位準，並且開關704是斷開的(例如，被關斷)。例如，低通濾波器708從放大器706接收信號716並且輸出經過濾波的信號714(例如，Vduty)，經過濾波的信號714(例如，Vduty)是電壓信號。在另一示例中，增益級730(例如，包括增益為G的放大器)接收經過濾波的信號714並且生成經放大的信號738。 According to another embodiment, if the modulation signal 626 (eg, PWM) is at a logic high level, the switch 702 is closed (eg, turned on) and the operational amplifier 706 is at its non-inverting terminal (eg, the terminal " The signal 724 is received at +", where the inverting terminal of the amplifier 706 (eg, terminal "-") and the output terminal are connected together. As an example, signal 712 is at a logic low level and switch 704 is off (eg, turned off). For example, low pass filter 708 receives signal 716 from amplifier 706 and outputs a filtered signal 714 (eg, V duty ), and filtered signal 714 (eg, V duty ) is a voltage signal. In another example, gain stage 730 (eg, including an amplifier having a gain of G) receives filtered signal 714 and generates amplified signal 738.

根據另一實施例中，如果調變信號626(例如，PWM)是在邏輯低位準並且信號712是在邏輯高位準，則開關702是斷開的(例如，被關斷)，並且開關704是閉合的(例如，被導通)。例如，運算放大器706在它的非反相端子(例如，端子“+”)處接收地電壓720，並且改變信號716。作為示例，信號716近似等於地電壓720。 According to another embodiment, if the modulation signal 626 (eg, PWM) is at a logic low level and the signal 712 is at a logic high level, the switch 702 is open (eg, turned off) and the switch 704 is Closed (eg, turned on). For example, operational amplifier 706 receives ground voltage 720 at its non-inverting terminal (eg, terminal "+") and changes signal 716. As an example, signal 716 is approximately equal to ground voltage 720.

在一個實施例，開關732響應於信號712(例如，PWM_b)而被閉合或斷開，並且開關734回應於調變信號626(例如，PWM)而被閉合或斷開。例如，如果調變信號626(例如，PWM)是在邏輯低位準，則信號712(例如，PWM_b)是在邏輯高位準。作為回應，則開關732是閉合的(例如，被導通)，並且開關734是斷開的(例如，被關斷)。作為示例低通濾波器736接收經放大的信號738並且輸出經過濾波的信號740(例如，VD(1-D))。作為另一示例，經過濾波的信號740(例如，VD(1-D))是電壓信號，並且被電壓到電流轉換器710轉換為電流638(例如，Iramp)。 In one embodiment, switch 732 is closed or opened in response to signal 712 (eg, PWM_b), and switch 734 is closed or opened in response to modulation signal 626 (eg, PWM). For example, if the modulation signal 626 (eg, PWM) is at a logic low level, the signal 712 (eg, PWM_b) is at a logic high level. In response, switch 732 is closed (eg, turned on) and switch 734 is open (eg, turned off). The amplified signal 738 is received as an example low pass filter 736 and the filtered signal 740 (eg, VD(1-D)) is output. As another example, filtered signal 740 (eg, VD(1-D)) is a voltage signal and is converted to current 638 (eg, I ramp ) by voltage to current converter 710.

第5(D)圖是根據本發明的某些實施例的示出了作為系統控制器的一部分的斜坡電流生成器642和斜坡信號生成器602的簡化圖。該圖僅作為示例，其不應該不適當地限制申請專利範圍的範圍。本領域的普通技術人員應該理解很多變化、替代和修改。斜坡信號生成器602包括運算放大器746、開關750和742以及電容器744。例如，開關702、704、732、734、750和742各自包括一個或多個MOS電晶體。 Figure 5(D) is a simplified diagram showing ramp current generator 642 and ramp signal generator 602 as part of a system controller, in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. This figure is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the patent application. Many variations, alternatives, and modifications will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The ramp signal generator 602 includes an operational amplifier 746, switches 750 and 742, and a capacitor 744. For example, switches 702, 704, 732, 734, 750, and 742 each include one or more MOS transistors.

根據一個實施例，響應於調變信號626(例如，PWM)開關750被閉合或斷開，並且回應於信號712(例如，PWM_b)開關742被閉合或斷開。在一個實施例中，如果調變信號626(例如，PWM)是在邏輯低位準並且信號712是在邏輯高位準，則開關750是斷開的(例如，被關斷或截止)並且開關742是閉合的(例如，被導通)。例如，運算放大器746在它的非反相端子(例如，端子“+”)處接收電壓信號694(例 如，V1)並且輸出信號748，其中運算放大器746的反相端子(例如，端子“-”)和輸出端子被連接在一起。作為示例，信號748近似等於(例如，在幅度上)電壓信號694(例如，V1)，並且作為回應電容器744上的電壓變成近似等於(例如，在幅度上)信號748並且因此近似等於電壓信號694(例如，V1)。 According to one embodiment, switch 750 is closed or opened in response to modulation signal 626 (eg, PWM), and switch 742 is closed or opened in response to signal 712 (eg, PWM_b). In one embodiment, if the modulation signal 626 (eg, PWM) is at a logic low level and the signal 712 is at a logic high level, the switch 750 is open (eg, turned off or turned off) and the switch 742 is Closed (eg, turned on). For example, operational amplifier 746 receives voltage signal 694 at its non-inverting terminal (eg, terminal "+") (eg, For example, V1) and output signal 748, wherein the inverting terminal (eg, terminal "-") of the operational amplifier 746 and the output terminal are connected together. As an example, signal 748 is approximately equal to (eg, in amplitude) voltage signal 694 (eg, V1), and as a response voltage on capacitor 744 becomes approximately equal (eg, in amplitude) signal 748 and thus approximately equal to voltage signal 694 (for example, V1).

在另一實施例中，如果調變信號626(例如，PWM)改變到邏輯高位準並且信號712改變到邏輯低位準，則開關750是閉合的(例如，被斷開)並且開關742是斷開的(例如，被關斷)。例如，斜坡電流生成器642輸出電流信號638以通過閉合導通的開關750給電容器744充電。作為示例，與電容器744上的電壓相對應的斜坡信號628隨著電流信號638給電容器744充電從幅度近似等於電壓信號694(例如，V1)增加(例如，線性地或非線性地)到最大幅度(例如，補償信號624)。 In another embodiment, if the modulation signal 626 (eg, PWM) changes to a logic high level and the signal 712 changes to a logic low level, the switch 750 is closed (eg, turned off) and the switch 742 is off (for example, being turned off). For example, ramp current generator 642 outputs current signal 638 to charge capacitor 744 through closed-on switch 750. As an example, ramp signal 628 corresponding to the voltage on capacitor 744 charges capacitor 744 with current signal 638 increasing (eg, linearly or non-linearly) to a maximum amplitude from an amplitude approximately equal to voltage signal 694 (eg, V1) (eg, compensation signal 624).

根據一個實施例，系統控制器包括：驅動器，該驅動器被配置為將驅動信號輸出到開關以影響流過電源轉換器的電感繞組的電流，驅動信號與包括導通時間段和關斷時間段的開關週期相關聯。在導通時間段期間，回應於驅動信號開關被閉合或導通。在關斷時間段期間，回應於驅動信號開關是斷開或截止的。占空比等於導通時間段的持續時間除以開關週期的持續時間。一參數等於1減去該占空比。系統控制器被配置為保持占空比、該參數與導通時間段的持續時間的乘積近似恆定。例如，系統控制器至少根據第3圖、第4(A)、4(B)、4(C)和/或4(D)圖被實現。 In accordance with an embodiment, a system controller includes a driver configured to output a drive signal to a switch to affect current flowing through an inductor winding of the power converter, the drive signal and a switch including an on-time period and an off-time period The cycle is associated. During the on-time period, the switch is turned on or turned on in response to the drive signal. During the off period, the switch is turned off or turned off in response to the drive signal. The duty cycle is equal to the duration of the on-time period divided by the duration of the switching period. A parameter equals 1 minus the duty cycle. The system controller is configured to maintain a duty cycle that is approximately constant for the product of the duration of the on-time period. For example, the system controller is implemented at least according to FIG. 3, 4(A), 4(B), 4(C), and/or 4(D) maps.

根據另一實施例，用於調節電源轉換系統的系統控制器包括：斜坡電流生成器，該斜坡電流生成器被配置為接收調變信號並且至少部分地基於調變信號來生成斜坡電流；斜坡信號生成器，該斜坡信號生成器被配置為接收斜坡電流並且至少部分地基於斜坡電流來生成斜坡信號；調變元件，該調變元件被配置為接收斜坡信號並且至少部分地基於斜 坡信號來生成調變信號；以及驅動器，該驅動器被配置為至少基於與調變信號相關聯的資訊生成驅動信號，並且將驅動信號輸出到開關以影響流過電源轉換器的電感繞組的第一電流，驅動信號與包括導通時間段和關斷時間段的開關週期相關聯。在導通時間段期間，回應於驅動信號開關被閉合或導通，並且在關斷時間段期間，回應於驅動信號開關是斷開或截止的。占空比等於導通時間段的持續時間除以開關週期的持續時間。一參數等於1減去該占空比。斜坡電流生成器還被配置為生成在幅度上與占空比和該參數的乘積近似成比例的斜坡電流。例如，系統控制器根據第3圖、第4(A)、4(B)、4(C)和/或4(D)圖被實現。 In accordance with another embodiment, a system controller for regulating a power conversion system includes: a ramp current generator configured to receive a modulated signal and generate a ramp current based at least in part on the modulated signal; a ramp signal a generator, the ramp signal generator configured to receive a ramp current and generate a ramp signal based at least in part on the ramp current; a modulation element configured to receive the ramp signal and based at least in part on the ramp a slope signal to generate a modulation signal; and a driver configured to generate a drive signal based on at least information associated with the modulation signal and output the drive signal to the switch to affect a first of the inductor windings flowing through the power converter The current, drive signal is associated with a switching period that includes an on-time period and an off-time period. During the on-time period, in response to the drive signal switch being closed or turned on, and during the off period, the switch is turned off or turned off in response to the drive signal. The duty cycle is equal to the duration of the on-time period divided by the duration of the switching period. A parameter equals 1 minus the duty cycle. The ramp current generator is also configured to generate a ramp current that is approximately proportional in magnitude to the product of the duty cycle and the parameter. For example, the system controller is implemented according to FIG. 3, 4(A), 4(B), 4(C), and/or 4(D) maps.

根據另一實施例，用於調節電源轉換系統的系統控制器包括：第一控制器端子，該第一控制器端子被配置為至少基於與流過電源轉換器的電感繞組的第一電流相關聯的資訊來提供補償信號；斜坡電流生成器，該斜坡電流生成器被配置為接收調變信號、補償信號和第一參考信號並且至少部分地基於調變信號、補償信號和第一參考信號來生成斜坡電流；斜坡信號生成器，該斜坡信號生成器被配置為接收斜坡電流並且至少部分地基於斜坡電流來生成斜坡信號；調變元件，該調變元件被配置為接收斜坡信號和補償信號並且至少部分地基於斜坡信號和補償信號來生成調變信號；以及驅動器，該驅動器被配置為至少基於與調變信號相關聯的資訊生成驅動信號，並且將驅動信號輸出到開關以影響第一電流，驅動信號與包括導通時間段和關斷時間段的開關週期相關聯。在導通時間段期間，回應於驅動信號開關被閉合或導通。在關斷時間段期間，回應於驅動信號開關是斷開或截止的。占空比等於導通時間段的持續時間除以開關週期的持續時間。一減去該占空比等於一參數。斜坡電流生成器還被配置為生成在幅度上與占空比、該參數和差分信號的乘積近似成比例的斜坡電流，差分信號代表在幅度上第一參考信號減去補償信號。例如，系統控制器至少根據第3圖、第5(A)、5(B)、5(C)和/或5(D)圖被實現。 In accordance with another embodiment, a system controller for regulating a power conversion system includes a first controller terminal configured to be associated with at least a first current based on an inductive winding flowing through a power converter Information to provide a compensation signal; a ramp current generator configured to receive the modulated signal, the compensation signal, and the first reference signal and generated based at least in part on the modulated signal, the compensated signal, and the first reference signal a ramp signal generator, the ramp signal generator configured to receive the ramp current and generate a ramp signal based at least in part on the ramp current; a modulation element configured to receive the ramp signal and the compensation signal and at least Generating a modulated signal based in part on the ramp signal and the compensation signal; and a driver configured to generate a drive signal based on at least information associated with the modulated signal and output the drive signal to the switch to affect the first current, driving The signal is related to the switching period including the on-time period and the off-time period . During the on-time period, the switch is turned on or turned on in response to the drive signal. During the off period, the switch is turned off or turned off in response to the drive signal. The duty cycle is equal to the duration of the on-time period divided by the duration of the switching period. One subtraction of this duty cycle is equal to one parameter. The ramp current generator is further configured to generate a ramp current that is approximately proportional in magnitude to the product of the duty cycle, the parameter, and the differential signal, the differential signal representing the first reference signal minus the compensation signal in amplitude. For example, the system controller is implemented at least according to Figures 3, 5(A), 5(B), 5(C), and/or 5(D).

在一個實施例中，一種用於調節電源轉換系統的方法包括：生成與包括導通時間段和關斷時間段的開關週期相關聯的驅動信號；以及將驅動信號輸出到開關以影響流過電感元件的電流。將驅動信號輸出到開關以影響電流包括：在導通時間段期間輸出驅動信號以閉合開關使之導通；以及在關斷時間段期間輸出驅動信號以斷開開關使之截止。占空比等於導通時間段的持續時間除以開關週期的持續時間。一參數等於1減去該占空比。生成與開關週期相關聯的驅動信號包括保持占空比、該參數與導通時間段的持續時間的乘積近似恆定。例如，方法至少根據第3圖、第4(A)、4(B)、4(C)和/或4(D)圖被實現。 In one embodiment, a method for regulating a power conversion system includes: generating a drive signal associated with a switching period including an on period and an off period; and outputting a drive signal to the switch to affect flowing through the inductive element Current. Outputting the drive signal to the switch to affect the current includes: outputting a drive signal to turn the switch on during the on-time period; and outputting the drive signal to turn off the switch during the off period. The duty cycle is equal to the duration of the on-time period divided by the duration of the switching period. A parameter equals 1 minus the duty cycle. Generating the drive signal associated with the switching period includes maintaining the duty cycle, and the product of the parameter and the duration of the on-time period is approximately constant. For example, the method is implemented at least according to the figures of FIG. 3, 4(A), 4(B), 4(C), and/or 4(D).

在另一實施例中，一種用於調節電源轉換系統的方法包括：接收調變信號；至少部分地基於調變信號來生成斜坡電流；接收斜坡電流；至少部分地基於斜坡電流來生成斜坡信號；接收斜坡信號；至少部分地基於斜坡信號來生成調變信號；接收調變信號；至少部分地基於調變信號來生成驅動信號，驅動信號與包括導通時間段和關斷時間段的開關週期相關聯；以及將驅動信號輸出到開關以影響流過電源轉換系統的初級繞組的第一電流。將驅動信號輸出到開關以影響第一電流包括：在導通時間段期間輸出驅動信號以閉合開關使之導通；以及在關斷時間段期間輸出驅動信號以斷開開關使之截止。占空比等於導通時間段的持續時間除以開關週期的持續時間。一參數等於1減去該占空比。至少部分地基於調變信號來生成斜坡電流包括生成在幅度上與占空比還該參數的乘積近似成比例的斜坡電流。例如，方法至少根據第3圖、第4(A)、4(B)、4(C)和/或4(D)圖被實現。 In another embodiment, a method for regulating a power conversion system includes: receiving a modulated signal; generating a ramp current based at least in part on the modulated signal; receiving a ramp current; generating a ramp signal based at least in part on the ramp current; Receiving a ramp signal; generating a modulated signal based at least in part on the ramp signal; receiving the modulated signal; generating a drive signal based at least in part on the modulated signal, the drive signal being associated with a switching period including an on period and an off period And outputting a drive signal to the switch to affect a first current flowing through the primary winding of the power conversion system. Outputting the drive signal to the switch to affect the first current includes: outputting a drive signal to turn the switch on during the on-time period; and outputting the drive signal to turn off the switch during the off period. The duty cycle is equal to the duration of the on-time period divided by the duration of the switching period. A parameter equals 1 minus the duty cycle. Generating the ramp current based at least in part on the modulated signal includes generating a ramp current that is approximately proportional in magnitude to the product of the duty cycle and the parameter. For example, the method is implemented at least according to the figures of FIG. 3, 4(A), 4(B), 4(C), and/or 4(D).

在另一實施例中，一種用於調節電源轉換系統的方法包括：至少基於與流過電源轉換系統的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯的資訊來提供補償信號；接收調變信號、補償信號和第一參考信號；至少部分地基於調變信號、補償信號和第一參考信號來生成斜坡電流；接收斜坡電流；至少部分地基於斜坡電流來生成斜坡信號；接收斜坡信號和補償信號；至 少部分地基於斜坡信號和補償信號來生成調變信號；接收調變信號；以及將驅動信號輸出到開關以影響第一電流，驅動信號與包括導通時間段和關斷時間段的開關週期相關聯。將驅動信號輸出到開關以影響第一電流包括：在導通時間段期間輸出驅動信號以閉合開關使之導通；以及在關斷時間段期間輸出驅動信號以斷開開關使之截止。占空比等於導通時間段的持續時間除以開關週期的持續時間。一參數等於1減去該占空比。至少部分地基於調變信號、補償信號和第一參考信號來生成斜坡電流包括：生成與占空比、該參數和差分信號的乘積近似成比例的斜坡電流，差分信號代表在幅度上第一參考信號減去補償信號。例如，方法至少根據第3圖、第5(A)、5(B)、5(C)和/或5(D)圖被實施。 In another embodiment, a method for regulating a power conversion system includes providing a compensation signal based on at least information associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding of a power conversion system; receiving a modulation signal, a compensation signal, and a first reference signal; generating a ramp current based at least in part on the modulated signal, the compensation signal, and the first reference signal; receiving a ramp current; generating a ramp signal based at least in part on the ramp current; receiving the ramp signal and the compensation signal; Generating a modulation signal based in part on the ramp signal and the compensation signal; receiving the modulation signal; and outputting the drive signal to the switch to affect the first current, the drive signal being associated with a switching period including an on-time period and an off-time period . Outputting the drive signal to the switch to affect the first current includes: outputting a drive signal to turn the switch on during the on-time period; and outputting the drive signal to turn off the switch during the off period. The duty cycle is equal to the duration of the on-time period divided by the duration of the switching period. A parameter equals 1 minus the duty cycle. Generating the ramp current based at least in part on the modulated signal, the compensation signal, and the first reference signal includes generating a ramp current that is approximately proportional to a duty cycle, a product of the parameter and the differential signal, the differential signal representing a first reference in amplitude The signal is subtracted from the compensation signal. For example, the method is implemented at least according to Figures 3, 5(A), 5(B), 5(C), and/or 5(D).

例如，使用一個或多個軟體元件、一個或多個硬體元件、和/或軟體和硬體元件的一個或多個組合，本發明的各種實施例的一些或全部元件各自單獨地和/或以與至少另一元件結合的方式被實施。在另一示例中，本發明的各種實施例的一些或全部元件各自單獨地和/或以與至少另一元件結合的方式被實施在諸如一個或多個類比電路和/或一個或多個數位電路之類的一個或多個電路中。在另一示例中，本發明的各種實施例和/或示例可以被結合。 For example, using one or more software components, one or more hardware components, and/or one or more combinations of software and hardware components, some or all of the various embodiments of the present invention are each separately and/or It is implemented in a manner that is combined with at least another component. In another example, some or all of the elements of various embodiments of the invention are each implemented individually and/or in combination with at least another element, such as one or more analog circuits and/or one or more digits. In one or more circuits such as circuits. In another example, various embodiments and/or examples of the invention may be combined.

雖然本發明的特定實施例已經被描述，但本領域的技術人員應該理解，存在等同於所描述的實施例的其它實施例。因此，應該理解，本發明並不限於所示出的具體實施例，而僅由所附申請專利範圍第的範圍所限定。 Although specific embodiments of the invention have been described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art Therefore, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiment shown, but only by the scope of the appended claims.

300‧‧‧電源轉換系統 300‧‧‧Power Conversion System

302‧‧‧系統控制器 302‧‧‧System Controller

304‧‧‧全波整流組件 304‧‧‧Full-wave rectification assembly

320‧‧‧齊納二極體 320‧‧‧Zina diode

326‧‧‧電感元件 326‧‧‧Inductance components

332‧‧‧一個或多個LED 332‧‧‧One or more LEDs

350‧‧‧交流(AC)電壓 350‧‧‧AC (AC) voltage

352‧‧‧輸入電壓 352‧‧‧Input voltage

354‧‧‧電壓信號 354‧‧‧ voltage signal

358‧‧‧回饋信號 358‧‧‧ feedback signal

396‧‧‧輸出電壓 396‧‧‧Output voltage

398‧‧‧電流 398‧‧‧ Current

314、318‧‧‧二極體 314, 318‧‧ ‧ diode

356‧‧‧電壓 356‧‧‧ voltage

308、316、322、324、328‧‧‧電阻器 308, 316, 322, 324, 328‧‧‧ resistors

306、310、312、330‧‧‧電容器 306, 310, 312, 330‧‧‧ capacitors

338、340、342、344、346、348‧‧‧端子 338, 340, 342, 344, 346, 348‧‧‧ terminals

t0、t1、t2、t3、t4、t5、t6、t7、t8、t10、t11、t12、t13、t14、t15、t16、t17、t18‧‧‧時間 T0, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8, t10, t11, t12, t13, t14, t15, t16, t17, t18‧‧

Claims (59)

一種用於調節電源轉換器的系統控制器，所述系統控制器包括：驅動器，所述驅動器被配置為將驅動信號輸出到開關以影響流過所述電源轉換器的電感繞組的電流，所述驅動信號與包括導通時間段和關斷時間段的開關週期相關聯；其中：在所述導通時間段期間，回應於所述驅動信號所述開關被閉合導通；在所述關斷時間段期間，回應於所述驅動信號所述開關被被斷關；占空比等於所述導通時間段的持續時間除以所述開關週期的持續時間；以及一參數等於1減去占空比；其中所述系統控制器被配置為保持所述占空比、所述參數、與所述導通時間段的持續時間的乘積近似恆定。 A system controller for regulating a power converter, the system controller including: a driver configured to output a drive signal to a switch to affect a current flowing through an inductor winding of the power converter, The drive signal is associated with a switching period including an on-time period and an off-period; wherein: during the on-time period, the switch is turned on in response to the drive signal; during the off period, The switch is turned off in response to the drive signal; a duty cycle equal to a duration of the on-time period divided by a duration of the switching period; and a parameter equal to 1 minus a duty cycle; The system controller is configured to maintain a product of the duty cycle, the parameter, and the duration of the on-time period approximately constant. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的系統控制器，其中，所述系統控制器還被配置為：保持所述占空比、所述參數、與所述導通時間段的持續時間的乘積恆定。 The system controller of claim 1, wherein the system controller is further configured to maintain a constant product of the duty cycle, the parameter, and a duration of the on-time period. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的系統控制器，還包括：控制器端子，所述控制器端子被配置為接收與所述電源轉換器相關的第一信號。 The system controller of claim 1, further comprising: a controller terminal configured to receive a first signal associated with the power converter. 如申請專利範圍第3項所述的系統控制器，其中，所述系統控制器被配置為：保持所述占空比、所述參數、與所述導通時間段的持續時間的乘積近似恆定，從而使得所述的電流在一個或多個開關週期內的平均值在時間上隨著輸入信號的幅度增大而增大，並且在時間上隨著所述輸入信號的幅度減小而減小。 The system controller of claim 3, wherein the system controller is configured to: maintain a product of the duty cycle, the parameter, and a duration of the on-time period to be approximately constant, Thereby the average value of said current over one or more switching periods increases in time as the amplitude of the input signal increases, and decreases in time as the amplitude of said input signal decreases. 如申請專利範圍第3項所述的系統控制器，其中：輸入信號隨時間沿第一波形變化；以及 所述電流在一個或多個開關週期內的平均值隨時間沿與所述第一波形相似的第二波形變化。 The system controller of claim 3, wherein: the input signal changes along the first waveform over time; The average of the current over one or more switching cycles varies with time along a second waveform that is similar to the first waveform. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的系統控制器，還包括：斜坡電流生成器，所述斜坡電流生成器被配置為接收調變信號並且至少部分地基於所述調變信號來生成斜坡電流；斜坡信號生成器，所述斜坡信號生成器被配置為接收所述斜坡電流並且至少部分地基於所述斜坡電流來生成斜坡信號；調變元件，所述調變元件被配置為接收所述斜坡信號並且至少部分地基於所述斜坡信號來生成所述調變信號；以及邏輯控制器，所述邏輯控制器被配置為接收所述調變信號並且至少部分地基於所述調變信號來生成控制信號；其中，所述驅動器還被配置為至少部分地基於所述控制信號生成所述驅動信號。 The system controller of claim 1, further comprising: a ramp current generator configured to receive the modulated signal and generate a ramp current based at least in part on the modulated signal; a ramp signal generator, the ramp signal generator configured to receive the ramp current and generate a ramp signal based at least in part on the ramp current; a modulation element configured to receive the ramp signal And generating the modulated signal based at least in part on the ramp signal; and a logic controller configured to receive the modulated signal and generate a control signal based at least in part on the modulated signal Wherein the driver is further configured to generate the drive signal based at least in part on the control signal. 如申請專利範圍第6項所述的系統控制器，其中，所述斜坡電流生成器包括：第一低通濾波器，所述第一低通濾波器被配置為至少部分地基於與所述調變信號相關聯的資訊生成第一經過濾波的信號；增益級，所述增益級被配置為接收所述第一經過濾波的信號，並且至少部分地基於所述第一經過濾波的信號生成第一經放大信號；第二低通濾波器，所述第二低通濾波器被配置為接收所述第一經放大信號，並且至少部分地基於所述第一經放大信號生成第二經過濾波的信號；以及電壓到電流轉換器，所述電壓到電流轉換器被配置為接收所述第二經過濾波的信號，並且至少部分地基於所述經過第二濾波的信號來生成所述斜坡電流。 The system controller of claim 6, wherein the ramp current generator comprises: a first low pass filter, the first low pass filter being configured to be based at least in part on the Transforming the information associated with the signal to generate a first filtered signal; a gain stage configured to receive the first filtered signal and to generate a first based at least in part on the first filtered signal An amplified signal; a second low pass filter configured to receive the first amplified signal and generate a second filtered signal based at least in part on the first amplified signal And a voltage to current converter configured to receive the second filtered signal and generate the ramp current based at least in part on the second filtered signal. 如申請專利範圍第7項所述的系統控制器，其中：所述斜坡電流生成器還包括放大器，所述放大器被配置為接收所述調 變信號，並且至少部分地基於所述調變信號生成第二經放大信號；以及所述第一低通濾波器還被配置為接收所述第二經放大信號，並且至少部分地基於所述第二經放大信號生成所述第一經過濾波的信號。 The system controller of claim 7, wherein: the ramp current generator further comprises an amplifier configured to receive the tone Transforming a signal and generating a second amplified signal based at least in part on the modulated signal; and the first low pass filter is further configured to receive the second amplified signal and based at least in part on the The first filtered signal is generated by the amplified signal. 如申請專利範圍第8項所述的系統控制器，其中，所述放大器還被配置為：響應於所述調變信號處於第一邏輯位準而接收參考信號，並且至少部分地基於所述參考信號來生成所述第二經放大信號；以及響應於所述調變信號處於第二邏輯位準而接收地電壓，並且至少部分地基於所述地電壓來生成所述第二經放大的信號。 The system controller of claim 8, wherein the amplifier is further configured to: receive a reference signal in response to the modulated signal being at a first logic level, and based at least in part on the reference Generating the second amplified signal; and receiving a ground voltage in response to the modulated signal being at a second logic level, and generating the second amplified signal based at least in part on the ground voltage. 如申請專利範圍第9項所述的系統控制器，其中，所述斜坡電流生成器包括：第一開關，所述第一開關被耦合到所述放大器，並且被配置為響應於所述調變信號處於所述第一邏輯位準而被閉合以接通所述參考信號；以及第二開關，所述第二開關被耦合到所述放大器，並且被配置為響應於所述調變信號處於所述第二邏輯位準而被閉合以接通所述地電壓。 The system controller of claim 9, wherein the ramp current generator comprises: a first switch coupled to the amplifier and configured to be responsive to the modulation a signal is at the first logic level to be closed to turn on the reference signal; and a second switch coupled to the amplifier and configured to be in response to the modulated signal The second logic level is closed to turn on the ground voltage. 如申請專利範圍第6項所述的系統控制器，其中，所述斜坡信號生成器包括：電容器，所述電容器被配置為：響應於所述調變信號處於第一邏輯位準，至少部分地基於所述斜坡電流來生成所述斜坡信號；以及響應於所述調變信號處於第二邏輯位準，至少部分地基於第二信號來生成所述斜坡信號。 The system controller of claim 6, wherein the ramp signal generator comprises: a capacitor configured to: at least partially respond to the modulated signal being at a first logic level Generating the ramp signal based on the ramp current; and generating the ramp signal based at least in part on the second signal in response to the modulated signal being at a second logic level. 如申請專利範圍第11項所述的系統控制器，其中，所述斜坡信號生成器還包括：放大器，所述放大器被配置為接收參考信號並且至少部分地基於所述參考信號來生成所述第二信號。 The system controller of claim 11, wherein the ramp signal generator further comprises: an amplifier configured to receive a reference signal and generate the portion based at least in part on the reference signal Two signals. 如申請專利範圍第11項所述的系統控制器，還包括：第一開關，所述第一開關被耦合到所述電容器，並且被配置為響應於所述調變信號處於所述第一邏輯位準而被閉合以接通所述斜坡電流；以及 第二開關，所述第二開關被耦合到所述電容器，並且被配置為響應於所述調變信號處於所述第二邏輯位準所述而被閉合以接通所述第二信號。 The system controller of claim 11, further comprising: a first switch coupled to the capacitor and configured to be in the first logic responsive to the modulated signal Leveled to be closed to turn on the ramp current; a second switch coupled to the capacitor and configured to be closed to turn on the second signal in response to the modulated signal being at the second logic level. 如申請專利範圍第6項所述的系統控制器，還包括：退磁感測器，所述退磁感測器被配置為接收與所述電源轉換系統的輸出信號相關聯的回饋信號，並且至少部分地基於所述回饋信號來生成觸發信號，所述觸發信號指示所述電源轉換系統的退磁過程的結束；其中，所述邏輯控制器還被配置為接收所述觸發信號，並且至少部分地基於所述觸發信號來生成第二信號以影響所述驅動信號。 The system controller of claim 6, further comprising: a demagnetization sensor configured to receive a feedback signal associated with an output signal of the power conversion system, and at least partially Generating a trigger signal based on the feedback signal, the trigger signal indicating an end of a demagnetization process of the power conversion system; wherein the logic controller is further configured to receive the trigger signal, and based at least in part on The trigger signal is generated to generate a second signal to affect the drive signal. 如申請專利範圍第14項所述的系統控制器，還包括：誤差放大器，所述誤差放大器被配置為接收參考信號，並且至少部分地基於所述參考信號來生成第三信號。 The system controller of claim 14, further comprising: an error amplifier configured to receive the reference signal and generate a third signal based at least in part on the reference signal. 如申請專利範圍第15項所述的系統控制器，還包括：電流傳感元件，所述電流傳感元件被配置為接收電流傳感信號，並且至少部分地基於所述電流傳感信號來生成第四信號。 The system controller of claim 15, further comprising: a current sensing element configured to receive a current sensing signal and generate at least in part based on the current sensing signal The fourth signal. 如申請專利範圍第15項所述的系統控制器，其中：所述誤差放大器還被配置為生成所述第三信號以給電容器充電或放電以生成補償信號；以及所述調變元件還被配置為接收所述補償信號，並且至少部分地基於所述補償信號和所述斜坡信號來生成所述調變信號。 The system controller of claim 15, wherein: the error amplifier is further configured to generate the third signal to charge or discharge a capacitor to generate a compensation signal; and the modulation element is further configured The modulated signal is generated for receiving the compensation signal and based at least in part on the compensation signal and the ramp signal. 如申請專利範圍第6項所述的系統控制器，其中，在所述導通時間段期間所述斜坡信號在幅度上按斜坡斜率增加。 The system controller of claim 6, wherein the ramp signal increases in amplitude by a slope of the ramp during the on-time period. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的系統控制器，還包括：第一控制器端子，所述第一控制器端子被配置為接收與所述電源轉換器的輸入信號相關的第一信號；以及第二控制器端子，所述第二控制器端子被配置為接收與流過所述電感繞組的所述電流相關聯的電流傳感信號；其中，所述開關被連接在所述第一控制器端子和所述第二控制器端子 之間。 The system controller of claim 1, further comprising: a first controller terminal, the first controller terminal configured to receive a first signal related to an input signal of the power converter; a second controller terminal, the second controller terminal configured to receive a current sensing signal associated with the current flowing through the inductive winding; wherein the switch is coupled to the first controller Terminal and the second controller terminal between. 一種用於調節電源轉換系統的系統控制器，所述系統控制器包括：斜坡電流生成器，所述斜坡電流生成器被配置為接收調變信號並且至少部分地基於所述調變信號來生成斜坡電流；斜坡信號生成器，所述斜坡信號生成器被配置為接收所述斜坡電流並且至少部分地基於所述斜坡電流來生成斜坡信號；調變元件，所述調變元件被配置為接收所述斜坡信號並且至少部分地基於所述斜坡信號來生成所述調變信號；以及驅動器，所述驅動器被配置為至少部分地基於與所述調變信號相關聯的資訊生成驅動信號，並且將所述驅動信號輸出到開關以影響流過電源轉換器的電感繞組的第一電流，所述驅動信號與包括導通時間段和關斷時間段的開關週期相關聯；其中：在所述導通時間段期間，所述開關回應於所述驅動信號被閉合導通；在所述關斷時間段期間，所述開關回應於所述驅動信號所述開關被斷；占空比等於所述導通時間段的持續時間除以所述開關週期的持續時間；以及一參數等於1減去占空比；其中，所述斜坡電流生成器還被配置為生成在幅度上與所述占空比和所述參數的乘積近似成比例的所述斜坡電流。 A system controller for regulating a power conversion system, the system controller comprising: a ramp current generator configured to receive a modulated signal and generate a ramp based at least in part on the modulated signal a current; a ramp signal generator configured to receive the ramp current and generate a ramp signal based at least in part on the ramp current; a modulation element, the modulation element configured to receive the a ramp signal and generating the modulated signal based at least in part on the ramp signal; and a driver configured to generate a drive signal based at least in part on information associated with the modulated signal, and to a drive signal is output to the switch to affect a first current flowing through the inductive winding of the power converter, the drive signal being associated with a switching period including an on-time period and an off-period; wherein: during the on-time period, The switch is turned on in response to the drive signal; during the off period, the switch The switch should be off at the drive signal; the duty cycle is equal to the duration of the on-time period divided by the duration of the switching period; and a parameter is equal to 1 minus the duty cycle; wherein the ramp The current generator is also configured to generate the ramp current that is approximately proportional in magnitude to the product of the duty cycle and the parameter. 如申請專利範圍第20項所述的系統控制器，所述系統控制器被配置為：回應於所述斜坡電流在幅度上與所述占空比和所述參數的乘積近似成比例，保持所述占空比、所述參數、與所述導通時間段的持續時間的乘積近似恆定。 The system controller of claim 20, wherein the system controller is configured to: in response to the ramp current being approximately proportional to a product of the duty cycle and the parameter in magnitude, maintaining The product of the duty cycle, the parameter, and the duration of the on-time period is approximately constant. 如申請專利範圍第20項所述的系統控制器，其中，所述斜坡電流生成器還被配置為：生成在幅度上與所述占空比和所述參數的乘積成比例的所述斜坡電流。 The system controller of claim 20, wherein the ramp current generator is further configured to: generate the ramp current proportional in magnitude to a product of the duty cycle and the parameter . 如申請專利範圍第22項所述的系統控制器，其中，所述系統控制器還被配置為：回應於所述斜坡電流在幅度上與所述占空比和所述參數的乘積成比例，保持所述占空比、所述參數、與所述導通時間段的持續時間的乘積恆定。 The system controller of claim 22, wherein the system controller is further configured to: in response to the ramp current being proportional in magnitude to a product of the duty cycle and the parameter, The product of the duty cycle, the parameter, and the duration of the on-time period is maintained constant. 如申請專利範圍第20項所述的系統控制器，其中所述斜坡電流生成器包括：第一低通濾波器，所述第一低通濾波器被配置為至少部分地基於與所述調變信號相關聯的資訊生成第一經過濾波的信號；增益級，所述增益級被配置為接收所述第一經過濾波的信號，並且至少部分地基於所述第一經過濾波的信號生成第一經放大信號；第二低通濾波器，所述第二低通濾波器被配置為接收所述第一經放大信號，並且至少部分地基於所述第一經放大信號生成第二經過濾波的信號；以及電壓到電流轉換器，所述電壓到電流轉換器被配置為接收所述第二經過濾波的信號，並且至少部分地基於所述經過第二濾波的信號來生成所述斜坡電流。 The system controller of claim 20, wherein the ramp current generator comprises: a first low pass filter, the first low pass filter being configured to be based at least in part on the modulation The signal associated information generates a first filtered signal; a gain stage configured to receive the first filtered signal and generate a first pass based at least in part on the first filtered signal Amplifying the signal; a second low pass filter configured to receive the first amplified signal and to generate a second filtered signal based at least in part on the first amplified signal; And a voltage to current converter configured to receive the second filtered signal and generate the ramp current based at least in part on the second filtered signal. 如申請專利範圍第24項所述的系統控制器，其中：所述斜坡電流生成器還包括放大器，所述放大器被配置為接收所述調變信號，並且至少部分地基於所述調變信號生成第二經放大信號；以及所述第一低通濾波器還被配置為接收所述第二經放大信號，並且至少部分地基於所述第二經放大信號生成所述第一經過濾波的信號。 The system controller of claim 24, wherein: the ramp current generator further comprises an amplifier configured to receive the modulated signal and generate the signal based at least in part on the modulated signal a second amplified signal; and the first low pass filter is further configured to receive the second amplified signal and generate the first filtered signal based at least in part on the second amplified signal. 如申請專利範圍第25項所述的系統控制器，其中所述放大器還被配置為：響應於所述調變信號處於第一邏輯位準而接收參考信號，並且至少部 分地基於所述參考信號來生成所述第二經放大的信號；以及響應於所述調變信號處於第二邏輯位準而接收地電壓，並且至少部分地基於所述地電壓來生成所述第二經放大的信號。 The system controller of claim 25, wherein the amplifier is further configured to: receive a reference signal in response to the modulated signal being at a first logic level, and at least Generating the second amplified signal based on the reference signal; and receiving a ground voltage in response to the modulated signal being at a second logic level, and generating the said based at least in part on the ground voltage The second amplified signal. 如申請專利範圍第20項所述的系統控制器，其中，所述斜坡電流生成器包括：第一開關，所述第一開關被耦合到所述放大器，並且被配置為響應於所述調變信號處於所述第一邏輯位準而被閉合以接通所述參考信號；以及第二開關，所述第二開關被耦合到所述放大器，並且被配置為響應於所述調變信號處於所述第二邏輯位準而被閉合以接通所述地電壓。 The system controller of claim 20, wherein the ramp current generator comprises: a first switch, the first switch coupled to the amplifier, and configured to be responsive to the modulation a signal is at the first logic level to be closed to turn on the reference signal; and a second switch coupled to the amplifier and configured to be in response to the modulated signal The second logic level is closed to turn on the ground voltage. 如申請專利範圍第20項所述的系統控制器，其中所述斜坡信號生成器包括：電容器，所述電容器被配置為：響應於所述調變信號處於第一邏輯位準，至少部分地基於所述斜坡電流來生成所述斜坡信號；以及響應於所述調變信號處於第二邏輯位準，至少部分地基於第二信號來生成所述斜坡信號。 The system controller of claim 20, wherein the ramp signal generator comprises: a capacitor configured to be based, at least in part, on the responsive signal that the modulated signal is at a first logic level The ramp current to generate the ramp signal; and responsive to the modulated signal being at a second logic level, generating the ramp signal based at least in part on the second signal. 如申請專利範圍第28項所述的系統控制器，其中，所述斜坡信號生成器還包括放大器，所述放大器被配置為接收參考信號並且至少部分地基於所述參考信號來生成所述第二信號。 The system controller of claim 28, wherein the ramp signal generator further comprises an amplifier configured to receive a reference signal and generate the second based at least in part on the reference signal signal. 如申請專利範圍第28項所述的系統控制器，還包括：第一開關，所述第一開關被耦合到所述電容器，並且被配置為響應於所述調變信號處於所述第一邏輯位準而被閉合以接通所述斜坡電流；以及第二開關，所述第二開關被耦合到所述電容器，並且被配置為響應於所述調變信號處於所述第二邏輯位準所述而被閉合以接通所述第二信號。 The system controller of claim 28, further comprising: a first switch coupled to the capacitor and configured to be in the first logic responsive to the modulated signal a level is closed to turn on the ramp current; and a second switch coupled to the capacitor and configured to be in the second logic level in response to the modulated signal It is closed to turn on the second signal. 如申請專利範圍第20項所述的系統控制器，還包括：退磁感測器，所述退磁感測器被配置為接收與所述電源轉換系統的輸出信號相關聯的回饋信號，並且至少部分地基於所述回饋信號來生成觸發信號，所述觸發信號指示所述電源轉換系統的退磁過程的結束； 其中，所述邏輯控制器還被配置為接收所述觸發信號，並且至少部分地基於所述觸發信號來生成第二信號以影響所述驅動信號。 The system controller of claim 20, further comprising: a demagnetization sensor configured to receive a feedback signal associated with an output signal of the power conversion system, and at least partially Generating a trigger signal based on the feedback signal, the trigger signal indicating an end of a demagnetization process of the power conversion system; The logic controller is further configured to receive the trigger signal and generate a second signal to affect the drive signal based at least in part on the trigger signal. 如申請專利範圍第31項所述的系統控制器，還包括：誤差放大器，所述誤差放大器被配置為接收參考信號，並且至少部分地基於所述參考信號來生成第三信號。 The system controller of claim 31, further comprising: an error amplifier configured to receive the reference signal and generate the third signal based at least in part on the reference signal. 如申請專利範圍第32項所述的系統控制器，還包括：電流傳感元件，所述電流傳感元件被配置為接收與所述第一電流相關聯的電流傳感信號，並且至少部分地基於所述電流傳感信號來生成第四信號。 The system controller of claim 32, further comprising: a current sensing element configured to receive a current sensing signal associated with the first current, and at least partially A fourth signal is generated based on the current sensing signal. 如申請專利範圍第32項所述的系統控制器，其中：所述誤差放大器還被配置為生成所述第三信號以給電容器充電以生成補償信號；以及所述調變元件還被配置為接收所述補償信號，並且至少部分地基於所述補償信號和所述斜坡信號來生成所述調變信號。 The system controller of claim 32, wherein: the error amplifier is further configured to generate the third signal to charge a capacitor to generate a compensation signal; and the modulation element is further configured to receive The compensation signal, and the modulation signal is generated based at least in part on the compensation signal and the ramp signal. 如申請專利範圍第20項所述的系統控制器，其中，在所述導通時間段期間所述斜坡信號在幅度上按斜坡斜率增加。 The system controller of claim 20, wherein the ramp signal increases in slope by a slope during the on-time period. 如申請專利範圍第20項所述的系統控制器，還包括：第一控制器端子，所述第一控制器端子被配置為接收與所述電源轉換器的輸入信號相關的第一信號；以及第二控制器端子，所述第二控制器端子被配置為接收與流過所述電感繞組的所述第一電流相關聯的電流傳感信號；其中，所述開關被連接在所述第一控制器端子和所述第二控制器端子之間。 The system controller of claim 20, further comprising: a first controller terminal, the first controller terminal configured to receive a first signal related to an input signal of the power converter; a second controller terminal, the second controller terminal configured to receive a current sensing signal associated with the first current flowing through the inductive winding; wherein the switch is coupled to the first Between the controller terminal and the second controller terminal. 一種用於調節電源轉換系統的系統控制器，所述系統控制器包括：第一控制器端子，所述第一控制器端子被配置為至少基於與流過電源轉換器的電感繞組的第一電流相關聯的資訊來提供補償信號； 斜坡電流生成器，所述斜坡電流生成器被配置為接收調變信號、所述補償信號和第一參考信號並且至少部分地基於所述調變信號、所述補償信號和所述第一參考信號來生成斜坡電流；斜坡信號生成器，所述斜坡信號生成器被配置為接收所述斜坡電流並且至少部分地基於所述斜坡電流來生成斜坡信號；調變元件，所述調變元件被配置為接收所述斜坡信號和所述補償信號並且至少部分地基於所述斜坡信號和所述補償信號來生成所述調變信號；以及驅動器，所述驅動器被配置為至少部分地基於與所述調變信號相關聯的資訊生成驅動信號，並且將所述驅動信號輸出到開關以影響所述第一電流，所述驅動信號與包括導通時間段和關斷時間段的開關週期相關聯；其中：在所述導通時間段期間，回應於所述驅動信號所述開關被閉合導通；在所述關斷時間段期間，回應於所述驅動信號所述開關是斷開的；占空比等於所述導通時間段的持續時間除以所述開關週期的持續時間；以及一參數等於1減去占空比；其中，所述斜坡電流生成器還被配置為生成在幅度上與所述占空比、所述參數和差分信號的乘積近似成比例的所述斜坡電流，所述差分信號代表在幅度上所述第一參考信號減去所述補償信號。 A system controller for regulating a power conversion system, the system controller comprising: a first controller terminal, the first controller terminal being configured to be based at least on a first current flowing with an inductive winding flowing through a power converter Associated information to provide a compensation signal; a ramp current generator configured to receive the modulation signal, the compensation signal, and the first reference signal and based at least in part on the modulation signal, the compensation signal, and the first reference signal Generating a ramp current; a ramp signal generator configured to receive the ramp current and generate a ramp signal based at least in part on the ramp current; a modulation element, the modulation element configured to Receiving the ramp signal and the compensation signal and generating the modulated signal based at least in part on the ramp signal and the compensation signal; and a driver configured to be based at least in part on the modulation The signal associated information generates a drive signal and outputs the drive signal to a switch to affect the first current, the drive signal being associated with a switching period comprising an on period and an off period; wherein: During the conduction period, the switch is turned on in response to the drive signal; during the off period, The switch should be open at the drive signal; the duty cycle is equal to the duration of the on-time period divided by the duration of the switching period; and a parameter is equal to 1 minus the duty cycle; The ramp current generator is further configured to generate the ramp current that is approximately proportional in magnitude to a product of the duty cycle, the parameter, and a differential signal, the differential signal representing the first reference in amplitude The signal is subtracted from the compensation signal. 如申請專利範圍第37項所述的系統控制器，所述系統控制器被配置為：回應於所述斜坡電流在幅度上與所述占空比、所述參數、和所述差分信號的乘積近似成比例，保持所述占空比、所述參數、與所述導通時間段的持續時間的乘積近似恆定。 The system controller of claim 37, wherein the system controller is configured to: in response to the ramp current, be multiplied in magnitude with the duty cycle, the parameter, and the differential signal Approximately proportional, the product of the duty cycle, the parameter, and the duration of the on-time period is maintained to be approximately constant. 如申請專利範圍第37項所述的系統控制器，其中，所述斜坡電流 生成器還被配置為：生成在幅度上與所述占空比、所述參數、和所述差分信號的乘積成比例的所述斜坡電流。 The system controller of claim 37, wherein the ramp current The generator is further configured to: generate the ramp current in magnitude proportional to a product of the duty cycle, the parameter, and the differential signal. 如申請專利範圍第39項所述的系統控制器，其中，所述系統控制器還被配置為：回應於所述斜坡電流在幅度上與所述占空比、所述參數、和所述差分信號的乘積成比例，保持所述占空比、所述參數、與所述導通時間段的持續時間的乘積恆定。 The system controller of claim 39, wherein the system controller is further configured to: respond to the ramp current in magnitude with the duty cycle, the parameter, and the difference The product of the signals is proportional, maintaining a constant product of the duty cycle, the parameter, and the duration of the on-time period. 如申請專利範圍第37項所述的系統控制器，其中，所述斜坡電流生成器包括：第一低通濾波器，所述第一低通濾波器被配置為至少部分地基於與所述調變信號相關聯的資訊生成第一經過濾波的信號；增益級，所述增益級被配置為接收所述第一經過濾波的信號，並且至少部分地基於所述第一經過濾波的信號生成第一經放大信號；第二低通濾波器，所述第二低通濾波器被配置為接收所述第一經放大信號，並且至少部分地基於所述第一經放大信號生成第二經過濾波的信號；以及電壓到電流轉換器，所述電壓到電流轉換器被配置為接收所述第二經過濾波的信號，並且至少部分地基於所述經過第二濾波的信號來生成所述斜坡電流。 The system controller of claim 37, wherein the ramp current generator comprises: a first low pass filter, the first low pass filter being configured to be based at least in part on the Transforming the information associated with the signal to generate a first filtered signal; a gain stage configured to receive the first filtered signal and to generate a first based at least in part on the first filtered signal An amplified signal; a second low pass filter configured to receive the first amplified signal and generate a second filtered signal based at least in part on the first amplified signal And a voltage to current converter configured to receive the second filtered signal and generate the ramp current based at least in part on the second filtered signal. 如申請專利範圍第41項所述的系統控制器，其中：所述斜坡電流生成器還包括放大器，所述放大器被配置為接收所述調變信號，並且至少部分地基於所述調變信號生成第二經放大信號；以及所述第一低通濾波器還被配置為接收所述第二經放大信號，並且至少部分地基於所述第二經放大信號生成所述第一經過濾波的信號。 The system controller of claim 41, wherein: the ramp current generator further comprises an amplifier configured to receive the modulated signal and generate the signal based at least in part on the modulated signal a second amplified signal; and the first low pass filter is further configured to receive the second amplified signal and generate the first filtered signal based at least in part on the second amplified signal. 如申請專利範圍第42項所述的系統控制器，其中所述放大器還被配置為：響應於所述調變信號處於第一邏輯位準而接收差分信號，所述差分信號指示所述第一參考信號和所述補償信號之間的差值，並且至少部分地基 於所述差分信號來生成所述第二經放大的信號；以及響應於所述調變信號處於第二邏輯位準而接收地電壓，並且至少部分地基於所述地電壓來生成所述第二經放大的信號。 The system controller of claim 42, wherein the amplifier is further configured to receive a differential signal in response to the modulated signal being at a first logic level, the differential signal indicating the first a difference between the reference signal and the compensation signal, and at least partially based Generating the second amplified signal at the differential signal; and receiving a ground voltage in response to the modulated signal being at a second logic level, and generating the second based at least in part on the ground voltage Amplified signal. 如申請專利範圍第43項所述的系統控制器，其中，所述斜坡電流生成器包括：第一開關，所述第一開關被耦合到所述放大器，並且被配置為響應於所述調變信號處於所述第一邏輯位準而被閉合以接通所述差分信號；以及第二開關，所述第二開關被耦合到所述放大器，並且被配置為響應於所述調變信號處於所述第二邏輯位準而被閉合以接通所述地電壓。 The system controller of claim 43, wherein the ramp current generator comprises: a first switch coupled to the amplifier and configured to be responsive to the modulation a signal is at the first logic level to be closed to turn on the differential signal; and a second switch coupled to the amplifier and configured to be in response to the modulated signal The second logic level is closed to turn on the ground voltage. 如申請專利範圍第43項所述的系統控制器，其中，所述斜坡電流生成器還包括：求和元件，所述求和元件被配置為接收所述第一參考信號和所述補償信號，並且至少部分地基於所述第一參考信號和所述補償信號來生成所述差分信號。 The system controller of claim 43, wherein the ramp current generator further comprises: a summing component configured to receive the first reference signal and the compensation signal, And generating the differential signal based at least in part on the first reference signal and the compensation signal. 如申請專利範圍第43項所述的系統控制器，還包括：誤差放大器，所述誤差放大器被配置為接收第二參考信號，並且至少部分地基於所述第二參考信號來生成第二信號，以給電容器充電以生成所述補償信號。 The system controller of claim 43, further comprising: an error amplifier configured to receive the second reference signal and generate the second signal based at least in part on the second reference signal, The capacitor is charged to generate the compensation signal. 如申請專利範圍第37項所述的系統控制器，其中，所述斜坡信號生成器包括：電容器，所述電容器被配置為：響應於所述調變信號處於第一邏輯位準，至少部分地基於所述斜坡電流來生成所述斜坡信號；以及響應於所述調變信號處於第二邏輯位準，至少部分地基於第二信號來生成所述斜坡信號。 The system controller of claim 37, wherein the ramp signal generator comprises: a capacitor configured to: at least partially respond to the modulated signal being at a first logic level Generating the ramp signal based on the ramp current; and generating the ramp signal based at least in part on the second signal in response to the modulated signal being at a second logic level. 如申請專利範圍第47項所述的系統控制器，其中，所述斜坡信號生成器包括：放大器，所述放大器被配置為接收第二參考信號，並且至少部分地基於所述第二參考信號來生成所述第二信號。 The system controller of claim 47, wherein the ramp signal generator comprises: an amplifier configured to receive a second reference signal and based at least in part on the second reference signal Generating the second signal. 如申請專利範圍第47項所述的系統控制器，還包括：第一開關，所述第一開關被耦合到所述電容器，並且被配置為響應於 所述調變信號處於所述第一邏輯位準而被閉合以接通所述斜坡電流；以及第二開關，所述第二開關被耦合到所述電容器，並且被配置為響應於所述調變信號處於所述第二邏輯位準而被閉合以接通所述第二信號。 The system controller of claim 47, further comprising: a first switch coupled to the capacitor and configured to be responsive to The modulation signal is at the first logic level to be closed to turn on the ramp current; and a second switch is coupled to the capacitor and configured to be responsive to the modulation The variable signal is at the second logic level and is closed to turn on the second signal. 如申請專利範圍第37項所述的系統控制器，還包括：退磁感測器，所述退磁感測器被配置為接收與所述電源轉換器的輸出信號相關聯的回饋信號，並且至少部分地基於所述回饋信號來生成觸發信號，所述觸發信號指示所述電源轉換系統的退磁過程的結束；以及邏輯控制器，所述邏輯控制器被配置為接收所述觸發信號，並且至少部分地基於所述觸發信號來生成第二信號以影響所述驅動信號。 The system controller of claim 37, further comprising: a demagnetization sensor configured to receive a feedback signal associated with an output signal of the power converter, and at least partially Generating a trigger signal based on the feedback signal, the trigger signal indicating an end of a demagnetization process of the power conversion system; and a logic controller configured to receive the trigger signal and at least partially A second signal is generated based on the trigger signal to affect the drive signal. 如申請專利範圍第50項所述的系統控制器，還包括：電流傳感元件，所述電流傳感元件被配置為接收與所述第一電流相關聯的電流傳感信號，並且至少部分地基於所述電流傳感信號來生成第三信號。 The system controller of claim 50, further comprising: a current sensing element configured to receive a current sensing signal associated with the first current, and at least partially A third signal is generated based on the current sensing signal. 如申請專利範圍第37項所述的系統控制器，其中，在所述導通時間段期間所述斜坡信號在幅度上按斜坡斜率增加。 The system controller of claim 37, wherein the ramp signal increases in amplitude by a slope of the ramp during the on-time period. 如申請專利範圍第37項所述的系統控制器，還包括：第一控制器端子，所述第一控制器端子被配置為接收與所述電源轉換器的輸入信號相關的第一信號；以及第二控制器端子，所述第二控制器端子被配置為接收與流過所述電感繞組的所述第一電流相關聯的電流傳感信號；其中，所述開關被連接在所述第一控制器端子和所述第二控制器端子之間。 The system controller of claim 37, further comprising: a first controller terminal, the first controller terminal configured to receive a first signal related to an input signal of the power converter; a second controller terminal, the second controller terminal configured to receive a current sensing signal associated with the first current flowing through the inductive winding; wherein the switch is coupled to the first Between the controller terminal and the second controller terminal. 一種用於調節電源轉換系統的方法，所述方法包括：生成與包括導通時間段和關斷時間段的開關週期相關聯的驅動信號；以及將所述驅動信號輸出到開關以影響流過電感繞組的電流；其中，將所述驅動信號輸出到所述開關以影響所述電流包括： 在所述導通時間段期間輸出所述驅動信號以閉合導通所述開關；以及在所述關斷時間段期間輸出所述驅動信號以斷開所述開關；其中：占空比等於所述導通時間段的持續時間除以所述開關週期的持續時間；以及一參數等於1減去占空比；其中，生成與所述開關週期相關聯的所述驅動信號包括保持所述占空比、所述參數、與所述導通時間段的持續時間的乘積近似恆定。 A method for regulating a power conversion system, the method comprising: generating a drive signal associated with a switching period including an on-time period and an off-time period; and outputting the drive signal to a switch to affect flow through the inductive winding a current; wherein outputting the drive signal to the switch to affect the current comprises: Outputting the drive signal to turn on the switch during the on-time period; and outputting the drive signal to turn off the switch during the off-period; wherein: the duty ratio is equal to the on-time The duration of the segment divided by the duration of the switching cycle; and a parameter equal to 1 minus the duty cycle; wherein generating the drive signal associated with the switching cycle comprises maintaining the duty cycle, The product of the parameter and the duration of the on-time period is approximately constant. 如申請專利範圍第54項所述的方法，其中，保持所述占空比、所述參數與所述導通時間段的持續時間的乘積近似恆定包括：保持所述占空比、所述參數、與所述導通時間段的持續時間的乘積恆定。 The method of claim 54, wherein maintaining the duty cycle, the product of the parameter and the duration of the on-time period approximately constant comprises: maintaining the duty cycle, the parameter, The product of the duration of the on-time period is constant. 一種用於調節電源轉換系統的方法，所述方法包括：接收調變信號；至少部分地基於所述調變信號來生成斜坡電流；接收所述斜坡電流；至少部分地基於所述斜坡電流來生成斜坡信號；接收所述斜坡信號；至少部分地基於所述斜坡信號來生成所述調變信號；接收所述調變信號；至少部分地基於所述調變信號來生成驅動信號，所述驅動信號與包括導通時間段和關斷時間段的開關週期相關聯；以及將所述驅動信號輸出到開關以影響流過電源轉換系統的初級繞組的第一電流；其中，將所述驅動信號輸出到所述開關以影響所述第一電流包括：在所述導通時間段期間輸出所述驅動信號以閉合導通所述開關；以及 在所述關斷時間段期間輸出所述驅動信號以斷開所述開關；其中：占空比等於所述導通時間段的持續時間除以所述開關週期的持續時間；以及一參數等於1減去占空比；其中，至少部分地基於所述調變信號來生成所述斜坡電流包括生成在幅度上與所述占空比和所述參數的乘積近似成比例的所述斜坡電流。 A method for regulating a power conversion system, the method comprising: receiving a modulated signal; generating a ramp current based at least in part on the modulated signal; receiving the ramp current; generating based at least in part on the ramp current a ramp signal; receiving the ramp signal; generating the modulated signal based at least in part on the ramp signal; receiving the modulated signal; generating a drive signal based at least in part on the modulated signal, the drive signal Associated with a switching period including an on-period and an off-period; and outputting the drive signal to a switch to affect a first current flowing through a primary winding of the power conversion system; wherein the drive signal is output to the Determining the switch to affect the first current includes outputting the drive signal to close the switch during the on-time period; Outputting the drive signal to turn off the switch during the off period; wherein: a duty cycle equal to a duration of the on period of time divided by a duration of the switch period; and a parameter equal to 1 minus De-duty cycle; wherein generating the ramp current based at least in part on the modulated signal comprises generating the ramp current that is approximately proportional in magnitude to a product of the duty cycle and the parameter. 如申請專利範圍第56項所述的方法，其中，生成在幅度上與所述占空比和所述參數的乘積近似成比例的所述斜坡電流包括：生成在幅度上與所述占空比和所述參數的乘積成比例的所述斜坡電流。 The method of claim 56, wherein generating the ramp current that is approximately proportional to a product of the duty cycle and the parameter in amplitude comprises: generating an amplitude and the duty cycle The ramp current proportional to the product of the parameters. 一種用於調節電源轉換系統的方法，所述方法包括：至少基於與流過電源轉換系統的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯的資訊來提供補償信號；接收調變信號、所述補償信號和第一參考信號；至少部分地基於所述調變信號、所述補償信號和所述第一參考信號來生成斜坡電流；接收所述斜坡電流；至少部分地基於所述斜坡電流來生成斜坡信號；接收所述斜坡信號和所述補償信號；至少部分地基於所述斜坡信號和所述補償信號來生成所述調變信號；接收所述調變信號；以及將驅動信號輸出到開關以影響所述第一電流，所述驅動信號與包括導通時間段和關斷時間段的開關週期相關聯；其中，將所述驅動信號輸出到所述開關以影響所述第一電流包括：在所述導通時間段期間輸出所述驅動信號以閉合導通所述開關；在所述關斷時間段期間輸出所述驅動信號以斷開所述開關；以及其中： 占空比等於所述導通時間段的持續時間除以所述開關週期的持續時間；以及一參數等於1減去占空比；其中至少部分地基於所述調變信號、所述補償信號和所述第一參考信號來生成所述斜坡電流包括：生成在幅度上與所述占空比、所述參數、和差分信號的乘積近似成比例的所述斜坡電流，所述差分信號代表在幅度上所述第一參考信號減去所述補償信號。 A method for regulating a power conversion system, the method comprising: providing a compensation signal based on at least information associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding of a power conversion system; receiving a modulation signal, the compensation signal, and a reference signal; generating a ramp current based at least in part on the modulated signal, the compensation signal, and the first reference signal; receiving the ramp current; generating a ramp signal based at least in part on the ramp current; receiving The ramp signal and the compensation signal; generating the modulated signal based at least in part on the ramp signal and the compensation signal; receiving the modulated signal; and outputting a drive signal to a switch to affect the a current, the drive signal being associated with a switching period including an on period and an off period; wherein outputting the drive signal to the switch to affect the first current comprises: during the on period Outputting the drive signal to close the switch during switching; outputting the drive signal during the off period to disconnect A switch; and wherein: a duty cycle equal to a duration of the on-time period divided by a duration of the switching period; and a parameter equal to 1 minus a duty cycle; wherein based at least in part on the modulation signal, the compensation signal, and The generating the ramp current by the first reference signal includes generating the ramp current that is approximately proportional in magnitude to a product of the duty cycle, the parameter, and the differential signal, the differential signal representing an amplitude The first reference signal is subtracted from the compensation signal. 如申請專利範圍第58項所述的方法，其中，生成在幅度上與所述占空比、所述參數、和所述差分信號的乘積近似成比例的所述斜坡電流包括：生成在幅度上與所述占空比、所述參數、和所述差分信號的乘積成比例的所述斜坡電流。 The method of claim 58, wherein generating the ramp current that is approximately proportional in magnitude to the product of the duty cycle, the parameter, and the differential signal comprises: generating in amplitude The ramp current is proportional to a product of the duty cycle, the parameter, and the differential signal.
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