TWI574062B

TWI574062B - Light guide plate and light source module

Info

Publication number: TWI574062B
Application number: TW104122357A
Authority: TW
Inventors: 李信宏; 楊喬智
Original assignee: 揚昇照明股份有限公司
Priority date: 2015-07-09
Filing date: 2015-07-09
Publication date: 2017-03-11
Also published as: TW201702658A

Description

導光板以及光源模組Light guide plate and light source module

本發明是有關於一種光學元件以及光學模組，且特別是有關於一種導光板以及光源模組。The present invention relates to an optical component and an optical module, and more particularly to a light guide plate and a light source module.

習知的光源模組大多採用發光二極體燈條(LED light bar)作為光源，並將光源設置在導光板的側面，以期縮減光源模組的總體厚度。然而，當光源與導光板之間的距離過近時，導光板對應發光二極體燈條上的發光二極體的區域會產生亮點(Hot spot)，導致光源模組出光不均勻。若為改善上述熱點現象而增加光源與導光板之間的距離，則難以符合窄邊框的需求。是以，如何兼顧出光均勻性以及窄邊框的需求，實為本領域研發人員亟欲解決的問題之一。Conventional light source modules mostly use a LED light bar as a light source, and a light source is disposed on the side of the light guide plate in order to reduce the overall thickness of the light source module. However, when the distance between the light source and the light guide plate is too close, the light guide plate generates a hot spot corresponding to the area of the light-emitting diode on the light-emitting diode light strip, resulting in uneven light emission of the light source module. If the distance between the light source and the light guide plate is increased to improve the above-mentioned hot spot phenomenon, it is difficult to meet the requirement of a narrow bezel. Therefore, how to balance the uniformity of light and the demand for narrow borders is one of the problems that researchers in the field are eager to solve.

“先前技術”段落只是用來幫助了解本發明內容，因此在“先前技術”段落所揭露的內容可能包含一些沒有構成所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者所知道的先前技術。在“先前技術”段落所揭露的內容，不代表該內容或者本發明一個或多個實施例所要解決的問題，也不代表在本發明申請前已被所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者所知曉或認知。The "prior art" paragraphs are only intended to aid in understanding the present invention, and thus the disclosure of the "prior art" section may contain prior art that is not known to those of ordinary skill in the art. The content disclosed in the "Prior Art" section does not represent the content or the problem to be solved by one or more embodiments of the present invention, nor does it mean that it is known to those of ordinary skill in the art or prior to the present application. Cognition.

本發明提供一種導光板，其可兼顧出光均勻性以及窄邊框的需求。The invention provides a light guide plate which can achieve both light uniformity and a narrow bezel.

本發明提供一種光源模組，其可具有窄邊框且可提供均勻的面光源。The invention provides a light source module which can have a narrow bezel and can provide a uniform surface light source.

本發明的其他目的和優點可以從本發明所揭露的技術特徵中得到進一步的了解。Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the technical features disclosed herein.

為達上述之一或部份或全部目的或是其他目的，本發明之一實施例提供一種導光板具有耦光區以及出光區。導光板包括入光面、出光面、底面以及多個凹陷結構。耦光區位於入光面與出光區之間。出光面連接入光面。底面連接入光面且與出光面相對。凹陷結構位於耦光區中且凹入於出光面與底面的其中至少一者，其中各凹陷結構於所凹入之表面(出光面以及底面的其中一者)的正投影具有第一邊、第二邊以及連接第一邊與第二邊的第三邊。第一邊與第二邊滿足，(x,y)是在第一方向以及第二方向上的座標。第一方向平行於入光面以及出光面。第二方向垂直於入光面。a、b為實數。 In order to achieve one or a part or all of the above or other purposes, an embodiment of the present invention provides a light guide plate having a light coupling region and a light exit region. The light guide plate includes a light incident surface, a light exit surface, a bottom surface, and a plurality of recessed structures. The coupling region is located between the light incident surface and the light exit region. The light exit surface is connected to the glossy surface. The bottom surface is connected to the light surface and opposite to the light exit surface. The recessed structure is located in the light-coupled region and is recessed in at least one of the light-emitting surface and the bottom surface, wherein the orthographic projection of each recessed structure on the concave surface (one of the light-emitting surface and the bottom surface) has a first side, a first Two sides and a third side connecting the first side and the second side. The first side and the second side meet , (x, y) are coordinates in the first direction and the second direction. The first direction is parallel to the light incident surface and the light exit surface. The second direction is perpendicular to the light incident surface. a and b are real numbers.

為達上述之一或部份或全部目的或是其他目的，本發明之一實施例提供一種光源模組，其包括導光板以及光源。導光板具有耦光區以及出光區。導光板包括入光面、出光面、底面以及多個凹陷結構。耦光區位於入光面與出光區之間。出光面連接入光面。底面連接入光面且與出光面相對。凹陷結構位於耦光區中且凹入於出光面與底面的其中至少一者，其中各凹陷結構於所凹入之表面(出光面以及底面的其中一者)的正投影具有第一邊、第二邊以及連接第一邊與第二邊的第三邊。第一邊與第二邊滿足，(x,y)是在第一方向以及第二方向上的座標。第一方向平行於入光面以及出光面。第二方向垂直於入光面。a、b為實數。光源位於入光面旁。 In order to achieve one or a part or all of the above or other purposes, an embodiment of the present invention provides a light source module including a light guide plate and a light source. The light guide plate has a light coupling area and a light exit area. The light guide plate includes a light incident surface, a light exit surface, a bottom surface, and a plurality of recessed structures. The coupling region is located between the light incident surface and the light exit region. The light exit surface is connected to the glossy surface. The bottom surface is connected to the light surface and opposite to the light exit surface. The recessed structure is located in the light-coupled region and is recessed in at least one of the light-emitting surface and the bottom surface, wherein the orthographic projection of each recessed structure on the concave surface (one of the light-emitting surface and the bottom surface) has a first side, a first Two sides and a third side connecting the first side and the second side. The first side and the second side meet , (x, y) are coordinates in the first direction and the second direction. The first direction is parallel to the light incident surface and the light exit surface. The second direction is perpendicular to the light incident surface. a and b are real numbers. The light source is located next to the entrance surface.

基於上述，本發明的實施例至少具有以下其中一個優點或功效。位於耦光區中的凹陷結構有助於導引自入光面進入導光板的光束，例如凹陷結構可使光束在平行於入光面的方向(即第一方向)上發散，而有助於縮減耦光區在第二方向上的寬度。因此，本發明的導光板可兼顧出光均勻性以及窄邊框的需求，而本發明的光源模組可具有窄邊框且可提供均勻的面光源。另一方面，藉由調變凹陷結構與光源中發光元件之間的相對配置關係，凹陷結構亦可用以使光束在第一方向上收斂，以調變自導光板射出之面光源的區域亮度，從而提升本發明的光源模組的應用範疇，例如光源模組可應用於區域點亮顯示器以及立體(3D)顯示器等。Based on the above, embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following advantages or effects. The recessed structure in the coupling region helps to guide the light beam entering the light guide plate from the light incident surface, for example, the concave structure can make the light beam divergence in a direction parallel to the light incident surface (ie, the first direction), which helps The width of the coupling region in the second direction is reduced. Therefore, the light guide plate of the present invention can meet the requirements of light uniformity and narrow bezel, and the light source module of the present invention can have a narrow bezel and can provide a uniform surface light source. On the other hand, by adjusting the relative arrangement relationship between the recessed structure and the light-emitting elements in the light source, the recessed structure can also be used to converge the light beam in the first direction to modulate the brightness of the area of the surface light source emitted from the light guide plate. Therefore, the application range of the light source module of the present invention is improved, for example, the light source module can be applied to a regional lighting display and a stereoscopic (3D) display.

為讓本發明的上述特徵和優點能更明顯易懂，下文特舉實施例，並配合所附圖式作詳細說明如下。The above described features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description.

有關本發明之前述及其他技術內容、特點與功效，在以下配合參考圖式之一較佳實施例的詳細說明中，將可清楚的呈現。以下實施例中所提到的方向用語，例如：上、下、左、右、前或後等，僅是參考附加圖式的方向。因此，使用的方向用語是用來說明並非用來限制本發明。The above and other technical contents, features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The directional terms mentioned in the following embodiments, such as up, down, left, right, front or back, etc., are only directions referring to the additional drawings. Therefore, the directional terminology used is for the purpose of illustration and not limitation.

圖1A是依照本發明的第一實施例的一種光源模組的局部上視示意圖。圖1B是圖1A中導光板在第一參考平面的截面圖。圖1C是圖1A中光源模組在第二參考平面的截面圖。圖1D繪示凹陷結構的第一邊與第二邊在不同a、b值下的型態。圖2是一比較例的光源模組的局部上視示意圖。1A is a partial top plan view of a light source module in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention. 1B is a cross-sectional view of the light guide plate of FIG. 1A in a first reference plane. 1C is a cross-sectional view of the light source module of FIG. 1A in a second reference plane. FIG. 1D illustrates the pattern of the first side and the second side of the recessed structure at different values of a and b. 2 is a partial top plan view of a light source module of a comparative example.

請先參照圖1A至圖1D，光源模組100包括導光板110以及光源120。導光板110具有耦光區A1以及出光區A2。如圖1C所示，導光板110包括入光面SI、出光面SO、底面SB以及多個凹陷結構112。耦光區A1位於入光面SI與出光區A2之間。出光面SO連接入光面SI。底面SB連接入光面SI且與出光面SO相對。凹陷結構112位於耦光區A1中且凹入於出光面SO與底面SB的其中至少一者。在本實施例中，凹陷結構112凹入於出光面SO以及底面SB，其中凹入出光面SO的凹陷結構1122重疊於凹入底面SB的凹陷結構1124，但不以此為限。Referring to FIG. 1A to FIG. 1D , the light source module 100 includes a light guide plate 110 and a light source 120 . The light guide plate 110 has a light coupling area A1 and a light exit area A2. As shown in FIG. 1C , the light guide plate 110 includes a light incident surface SI, a light exit surface SO, a bottom surface SB, and a plurality of recess structures 112. The light coupling area A1 is located between the light incident surface SI and the light exit area A2. The light exit surface SO is connected to the light surface SI. The bottom surface SB is connected to the light surface SI and faces the light-emitting surface SO. The recess structure 112 is located in the coupling region A1 and is recessed in at least one of the light emitting surface SO and the bottom surface SB. In the present embodiment, the recessed structure 112 is recessed in the light-emitting surface SO and the bottom surface SB, wherein the recessed structure 1122 recessed into the light-emitting surface SO overlaps the recessed structure 1124 recessed into the bottom surface SB, but is not limited thereto.

各凹陷結構112於所凹入之表面的正投影OP(包括凹陷結構1122於出光面SO的正投影以及凹陷結構1124於底面SB的正投影)具有第一邊E1、第二邊E2以及連接第一邊E1與第二邊E2的第三邊E3。第一邊E1與第二邊E2滿足，其中a、b為實數，且(x,y)是在第一方向D1以及第二方向D2上的座標。第一方向D1平行於入光面SI以及出光面SO。第二方向D2垂直於入光面SI，且第一邊E1與第二邊E2具有平行於第二方向D2的對稱軸O1。在本實施例中，各凹陷結構112於所凹入之表面的正投影OP例如是等腰三角形，其中第一邊E1、第二邊E2以及第三邊E3分別為直線，但不以此為限。 The orthographic projection OP of each recessed structure 112 on the concave surface (including the orthographic projection of the recessed structure 1122 on the light exiting surface SO and the orthographic projection of the recessed structure 1124 on the bottom surface SB) has a first side E1, a second side E2, and a connection One side E1 and the third side E3 of the second side E2. The first side E1 and the second side E2 meet Where a, b are real numbers, and (x, y) are coordinates in the first direction D1 and the second direction D2. The first direction D1 is parallel to the light incident surface SI and the light exit surface SO. The second direction D2 is perpendicular to the light incident surface SI, and the first side E1 and the second side E2 have an axis of symmetry O1 parallel to the second direction D2. In this embodiment, the orthographic projection OP of each concave structure 112 on the concave surface is, for example, an isosceles triangle, wherein the first side E1, the second side E2, and the third side E3 are straight lines, respectively, but not limit.

舉例而言，如圖1D所示，當a、b值分別等於1時，第一邊E1與第二邊E2可分別為曲線。另外，當a、b值分別趨近於0時，第一邊E1與第二邊E2可分別為直線，其中第一邊E1與第二邊E2所夾的角度θ1(即等腰三角形的頂角)隨著b與a的比值(即b/a)的增加而增加。角度θ1的大小正比於第三邊E3在第一方向D1上的最大寬度W112M的大小，而最大寬度W112M影響凹陷結構112的作用面積。在本實施例中，角度θ1例如落在30度至120度的範圍內，亦即，a、b滿足。 For example, as shown in FIG. 1D, when the values of a and b are respectively equal to 1, the first side E1 and the second side E2 may respectively be curves. In addition, when the values of a and b are respectively close to 0, the first side E1 and the second side E2 may be straight lines respectively, wherein the angle θ1 between the first side E1 and the second side E2 (ie, the top of the isosceles triangle) The angle increases as the ratio of b to a (i.e., b/a) increases. The magnitude of the angle θ1 is proportional to the magnitude of the maximum width W112M of the third side E3 in the first direction D1, and the maximum width W112M affects the active area of the recessed structure 112. In the present embodiment, the angle θ1 falls within a range of, for example, 30 degrees to 120 degrees, that is, a and b satisfy .

如圖1B所示，各凹陷結構112於平行於入光面SI的第一參考平面R1上的截線SL1可為曲線，且曲線在垂直於第一方向D1以及第二方向D2的第三方向D3上具有對稱軸O2。在另一實施例中，截線SL1也可為折線。舉例而言，各凹陷結構112於平行於入光面SI的第一參考平面R1上的截面形狀可為V型(V-cut)，且折線在第三方向D3上同樣具有對稱軸O2，但不以此為限。As shown in FIG. 1B, the slit line SL1 of each recessed structure 112 on the first reference plane R1 parallel to the light incident surface SI may be a curve, and the curve is in a third direction perpendicular to the first direction D1 and the second direction D2. D3 has an axis of symmetry O2. In another embodiment, the stub line SL1 can also be a fold line. For example, the cross-sectional shape of each recessed structure 112 on the first reference plane R1 parallel to the light incident surface SI may be V-cut, and the fold line also has an axis of symmetry O2 in the third direction D3, but Not limited to this.

如圖1C所示，各凹陷結構112的深度H112在第二方向D2上的變化可包括逐步遞減或逐步遞增。應說明的是，圖1C僅繪示出凹陷結構112的深度H112在第二方向D2上逐步遞增的樣貌，但不以此為限。在其他實施例中，凹陷結構112的深度H112在第二方向D2上也可以是逐步遞減、先增後減，或先減後增。此外，各凹陷結構112的第三邊E3在第一方向D1上的最大寬度W112M(參照圖1A)與凹陷結構112的最大深度H112M的比值例如不小於5。As shown in FIG. 1C, the variation of the depth H112 of each recessed structure 112 in the second direction D2 may include a stepwise decrease or a stepwise increase. It should be noted that FIG. 1C only shows the appearance of the depth H112 of the recess structure 112 gradually increasing in the second direction D2, but is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the depth H112 of the recessed structure 112 may also be gradually decreasing, increasing first, then decreasing, or decreasing first and then increasing in the second direction D2. Further, the ratio of the maximum width W112M (refer to FIG. 1A) of the third side E3 of each recess structure 112 in the first direction D1 to the maximum depth H112M of the recess structure 112 is, for example, not less than 5.

各凹陷結構112具有第一面S1以及第二面S2，其中第一面S1位於入光面SI與第二面S2之間。在本實施例中，第一面S1在垂直於入光面SI以及出光面SO的第二參考平面R2上的截線SL2以及第二面S2在第二參考平面R2上的截線SL3皆為直線，但不以此為限。在另一實施例中，截線SL2、SL3的其中一者可為直線，且截線SL2、SL3的其中另一者可為曲線。或者，截線SL2、SL3可皆為曲線。Each of the recessed structures 112 has a first surface S1 and a second surface S2, wherein the first surface S1 is located between the light incident surface SI and the second surface S2. In this embodiment, the section SL1 of the first surface S1 on the second reference plane R2 perpendicular to the light incident surface SI and the light exiting surface SO and the section SL3 of the second surface S2 on the second reference plane R2 are both Straight line, but not limited to this. In another embodiment, one of the cut lines SL2, SL3 may be a straight line, and the other of the cut lines SL2, SL3 may be a curve. Alternatively, the cut lines SL2, SL3 may all be curved.

光源120位於入光面SI旁，其可包括多個發光元件122。如圖1A所示，發光元件122可沿第一方向D1排列，其中各凹陷結構112例如分別位於發光元件122的其中之一的前方，且各發光元件122對應於凹陷結構112的至少其中之一。換句話說，發光元件122與凹陷結構112可呈一對一的設置關係，但不以此為限。舉例而言，發光元件122與凹陷結構112也可呈一對多的設置關係。在本實施例中，光源120還可包括電路板124，其中發光元件122配置於電路板124上，且發光元件122位於入光面SI與電路板124之間。The light source 120 is located beside the light incident surface SI, which may include a plurality of light emitting elements 122. As shown in FIG. 1A, the light emitting elements 122 may be arranged along the first direction D1, wherein each of the recess structures 112 are respectively located in front of one of the light emitting elements 122, and each of the light emitting elements 122 corresponds to at least one of the recess structures 112. . In other words, the light-emitting element 122 and the recessed structure 112 can be disposed in a one-to-one relationship, but not limited thereto. For example, the light-emitting element 122 and the recess structure 112 may also have a one-to-many arrangement relationship. In this embodiment, the light source 120 may further include a circuit board 124, wherein the light emitting element 122 is disposed on the circuit board 124, and the light emitting element 122 is located between the light incident surface SI and the circuit board 124.

請同時參照圖1A及圖2，發光元件122面向入光面SI且適於朝入光面SI射出光束L。光束L的發散角θ2在入光面SI因折射而收斂。圖1A及圖2中的斜線區域標示出各發光元件122於耦光區A1中的照明範圍(即亮區)，而耦光區A1中斜線區域以外的區域為暗區。相鄰兩亮區之交會點X在第一方向D1上的連線定義為耦光區A1與出光區A2的交界I。由於耦光區A1明顯的亮暗分布會影響面光源的均勻性，因此耦光區A1需被遮蔽，以避免其影響光源模組100、200的視覺效果。換句話說，耦光區A1越大，則越難實現窄邊框。Referring to FIG. 1A and FIG. 2 simultaneously, the light-emitting element 122 faces the light incident surface SI and is adapted to emit the light beam L toward the light incident surface SI. The divergence angle θ2 of the light beam L converges on the light incident surface SI due to the refraction. The oblique line areas in FIGS. 1A and 2 indicate the illumination range (ie, the bright area) of each of the light-emitting elements 122 in the light-coupled area A1, and the area other than the oblique line area in the light-coupled area A1 is a dark area. The line connecting the intersection point X of the adjacent two bright areas in the first direction D1 is defined as the boundary I between the coupling area A1 and the light exit area A2. Since the obvious light and dark distribution of the coupling area A1 affects the uniformity of the surface light source, the coupling area A1 needs to be shielded to avoid affecting the visual effects of the light source modules 100 and 200. In other words, the larger the coupling area A1, the harder it is to achieve a narrow bezel.

如圖2的光源模組200所示，在未設置凹陷結構(如圖1A的凹陷結構112)下，入射進耦光區A1的光束L會朝出光區A2的方向傳遞，其中導光板210之交界I與光源120之間的距離A’的大小主要取決於發光元件122之發散角θ2以及導光板210的折射率。相較之下，如圖1A的光源模組100所示，入射進耦光區A1中的光束L被凹陷結構112全反射後會往對稱軸O1的兩側發散，使照明範圍得以拓展，因此在發光元件122之節距(pitch)P相同下，交界I與光源120之間的距離A可小於圖2的距離A’。換句話說，凹陷結構112的設置除了有助於窄化光源模組100的邊框之外，還有助於縮減A/P比(Active area/Pitch ratio)。在A/P比固定下，由於交界I與光源120之間的距離A可小於圖2的距離A’，因此本實施例可藉由增加發光元件122之節距P，來可減少發光元件122之數量，從而有助於降低光源120的成本且可兼具熱穩定性。As shown in the light source module 200 of FIG. 2, under the recess structure (such as the recess structure 112 of FIG. 1A), the light beam L incident on the light-coupled region A1 is transmitted in the direction of the light-emitting region A2, wherein the light guide plate 210 The magnitude of the distance A' between the boundary I and the light source 120 depends mainly on the divergence angle θ2 of the light-emitting element 122 and the refractive index of the light guide plate 210. In contrast, as shown in the light source module 100 of FIG. 1A , the light beam L incident on the coupling light region A1 is totally reflected by the recessed structure 112 and then diverges to both sides of the symmetry axis O1, thereby expanding the illumination range. At the same pitch P of the light-emitting elements 122, the distance A between the boundary I and the light source 120 can be smaller than the distance A' of FIG. In other words, the arrangement of the recessed structure 112 helps to reduce the A/P ratio (Active area/Pitch ratio) in addition to narrowing the bezel of the light source module 100. In the case where the A/P ratio is fixed, since the distance A between the boundary I and the light source 120 can be smaller than the distance A' of FIG. 2, the present embodiment can reduce the light-emitting element 122 by increasing the pitch P of the light-emitting elements 122. The number thus helps to reduce the cost of the light source 120 and can be both thermally stable.

另外，由於凹陷結構112可提升光束L之發散程度，而有助於提升大角度入射進出光區A2的光束L的比例，因此自出光區A2出射之大角度之光束L的亮度得以提升，從而有助於提升光源模組100之出光均勻性以及光源模組100之視角。再者，利用凹陷結構112提升光束L之發散特性，本實施例可降低發光元件122之發散角θ2以及導光板210的折射率對於照明範圍的限縮程度，因此凹陷結構112的設置還有助於提升發光元件122於選用上的自由度。In addition, since the recessed structure 112 can increase the degree of divergence of the light beam L, and help to increase the proportion of the light beam L incident at a large angle into and out of the light area A2, the brightness of the large-angle light beam L emitted from the light exiting area A2 is improved, thereby It helps to improve the light uniformity of the light source module 100 and the viewing angle of the light source module 100. Furthermore, the diverging structure 112 is used to enhance the divergence characteristic of the light beam L. In this embodiment, the divergence angle θ2 of the light-emitting element 122 and the refractive index of the light guide plate 210 are reduced for the illumination range, and thus the setting of the recess structure 112 is also helpful. The degree of freedom in selecting the light-emitting element 122 is improved.

以下以圖3至圖5說明本發明的光源模組及導光板的其他實施型態。圖3至圖5分別是依照本發明的第二實施例至第四實施例的光源模組的局部上視示意圖。請先參照圖3，光源模組300相似於光源模組100，且相似或相同的元件以相同的標號表示，於此不再贅述。光源模組300與光源模組100的主要差異在於，導光板310的各凹陷結構312於所凹入之表面(如出光面SO)的正投影OP1更具有第四邊E4，其中第四邊E4連接於第一邊E1與第二邊E2之間，且第四邊E4位於入光面SI與第三邊E3之間。在本實施例中，各凹陷結構312於出光面SO的正投影OP1例如為梯形，其中第一邊E1、第二邊E2、第三邊E3以及第四邊E4分別為直線，但不以此為限。Other embodiments of the light source module and the light guide plate of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5. 3 to 5 are partial top views of the light source module according to the second to fourth embodiments of the present invention, respectively. Referring to FIG. 3, the light source module 300 is similar to the light source module 100, and similar or identical elements are denoted by the same reference numerals and will not be described again. The main difference between the light source module 300 and the light source module 100 is that the concave projections 312 of the light guide plate 310 have a fourth side E4 on the concave projection surface (such as the light exit surface SO), and the fourth side E4. It is connected between the first side E1 and the second side E2, and the fourth side E4 is located between the light incident surface SI and the third side E3. In this embodiment, the orthographic projection OP1 of each recessed structure 312 on the light-emitting surface SO is, for example, a trapezoid, wherein the first side E1, the second side E2, the third side E3, and the fourth side E4 are straight lines, respectively, but not Limited.

請參照圖4，光源模組400相似於光源模組100，且相似或相同的元件以相同的標號表示，於此不再贅述。光源模組400與光源模組100的主要差異在於，導光板410在耦光區A1的部分412以及導光板410在出光區A2的部分414彼此獨立。所述彼此獨立是指導光板410在耦光區A1的部分412以及導光板410在出光區A2的部分414是分開製作而非一體成型，其中導光板410在耦光區A1的部分412可以為一獨立的耦光部件，導光板410在出光區A2的部分414可以為一獨立的導光部件。為使部分412以及部分414準確對位，部分412以及部分414可以透過膠材黏貼或機構夾持限位的方式而彼此固定，但不以此為限。舉例而言，當光源模組400呈縱向設置(直立設置)，例如當部分412位於部分414與地面之間時，部分414會因重力而承靠於部分412。如此，可省略黏著層或限位機構。Referring to FIG. 4, the light source module 400 is similar to the light source module 100, and similar or identical elements are denoted by the same reference numerals and will not be described again. The main difference between the light source module 400 and the light source module 100 is that the portion 412 of the light guide plate 410 in the light coupling area A1 and the portion 414 of the light guide plate 410 in the light exit area A2 are independent of each other. The portions 412 of the light-guiding region A1 and the portion 414 of the light-guide plate 410 in the light-emitting region A2 are separately fabricated and not integrally formed, wherein the portion 412 of the light-guiding plate 410 in the light-coupled region A1 may be one. The light-guiding plate 410 can be a separate light-guiding member in the portion 414 of the light-emitting area A2. In order to accurately align the portion 412 and the portion 414, the portion 412 and the portion 414 can be fixed to each other through the adhesive bonding or the mechanism clamping limit, but not limited thereto. For example, when the light source module 400 is longitudinally disposed (upright), such as when the portion 412 is between the portion 414 and the ground, the portion 414 will bear against the portion 412 due to gravity. Thus, the adhesive layer or the stopper mechanism can be omitted.

在上述實施例中，凹陷結構112、312皆對應設置在發光元件122的前方，以達到發散光束L的效果，但本發明不限於此。請參照圖5，光源模組500相似於光源模組100，且相似或相同的元件以相同的標號表示，於此不再贅述。光源模組500與光源模組100的主要差異在於，光源模組500中的凹陷結構112分別對應設置在任兩相鄰發光元件122之間。在此架構下，入射進耦光區A1中的光束L被凹陷結構112全反射後會往對稱軸O1的兩側發散，使得光束L朝相鄰凹陷結構112之間(或發光元件122的前方)匯聚。在此架構下，凹陷結構112可用以使光束L在第一方向D1上收斂，而適於調變自導光板510射出之面光源的區域亮度，例如使導光板510對應發光元件122的區域形成亮區，且導光板510對應發光元件122之間的區域形成暗區，從而提升光源模組500的應用範疇，例如光源模組500可應用於區域點亮(Local Dimming)顯示器以及立體(3D)顯示器等。In the above embodiment, the recessed structures 112, 312 are all disposed in front of the light-emitting element 122 to achieve the effect of diverging the light beam L, but the invention is not limited thereto. Referring to FIG. 5, the light source module 500 is similar to the light source module 100, and similar or identical elements are denoted by the same reference numerals and will not be described again. The main difference between the light source module 500 and the light source module 100 is that the recessed structures 112 in the light source module 500 are respectively disposed between any two adjacent light emitting elements 122. Under this architecture, the light beam L incident on the coupling light region A1 is totally reflected by the recess structure 112 and then diverges to the sides of the symmetry axis O1, so that the light beam L is directed between the adjacent recess structures 112 (or the front of the light emitting element 122). ) Convergence. In this configuration, the recessed structure 112 can be used to converge the light beam L in the first direction D1, and is adapted to modulate the brightness of the area of the surface light source emitted from the light guide plate 510, for example, to form a region of the light guide plate 510 corresponding to the light-emitting element 122. The bright area, and the light guide plate 510 corresponding to the area between the light-emitting elements 122 form a dark area, thereby improving the application range of the light source module 500, for example, the light source module 500 can be applied to the local lighting (Local Dimming) display and stereo (3D) Display, etc.

綜上所述，本發明的實施例至少具有以下其中一個優點或功效。位於耦光區中的凹陷結構有助於導引自入光面進入導光板的光束。舉例而言，凹陷結構可使光束在平行於入光面的方向(即第一方向)上發散，而有助於縮減耦光區在第二方向上的寬度。因此，本發明的導光板可兼顧出光均勻性以及窄邊框的需求，而本發明的光源模組可具有窄邊框且可提供均勻的面光源。另一方面，藉由調變凹陷結構與光源中發光元件之間的相對配置關係，凹陷結構亦可用以使光束在第一方向上收斂，以調變自導光板射出之面光源的區域亮度，從而提升本發明的光源模組的應用範疇。In summary, embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following advantages or benefits. The recessed structure in the coupling region helps to guide the light beam entering the light guide plate from the light incident surface. For example, the recessed structure allows the light beam to diverge in a direction parallel to the light incident surface (ie, the first direction) to help reduce the width of the light coupling region in the second direction. Therefore, the light guide plate of the present invention can meet the requirements of light uniformity and narrow bezel, and the light source module of the present invention can have a narrow bezel and can provide a uniform surface light source. On the other hand, by adjusting the relative arrangement relationship between the recessed structure and the light-emitting elements in the light source, the recessed structure can also be used to converge the light beam in the first direction to modulate the brightness of the area of the surface light source emitted from the light guide plate. Thereby, the application range of the light source module of the invention is improved.

惟以上所述者，僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已，當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍，即大凡依本發明申請專利範圍及發明說明內容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍內。另外本發明的任一實施例或申請專利範圍不須達成本發明所揭露之全部目的或優點或特點。此外，摘要部分和標題僅是用來輔助專利文件搜尋之用，並非用來限制本發明之權利範圍。此外，本說明書或申請專利範圍中提及的“第一”、“第二”等用語僅用以命名元件(element)的名稱或區別不同實施例或範圍，而並非用來限制元件數量上的上限或下限。The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, that is, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made by the scope of the invention and the description of the invention are All remain within the scope of the invention patent. In addition, any of the objects or advantages or features of the present invention are not required to be achieved by any embodiment or application of the invention. In addition, the abstract sections and headings are only used to assist in the search of patent documents and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like mentioned in the specification or the scope of the claims are only used to name the elements or distinguish different embodiments or ranges, and are not intended to limit the number of elements. Upper or lower limit.

100、200、300、400、500：光源模組 110、210、310、410、510：導光板 112、312：凹陷結構 120：光源 122：發光元件 124：電路板 412、414：部分 A、A’：距離 A1：耦光區 A2：出光區 D1：第一方向 D2：第二方向 D3：第三方向 E1：第一邊 E2：第二邊 E3：第三邊 E4：第四邊 H112：深度 H112M：最大深度 I：交界 L：光束 O1、O2：對稱軸 OP、OP1：正投影 P：節距 R1：第一參考平面 R2：第二參考平面 SB：底面 SI：入光面 SL1、SL2、SL3：截線 SO：出光面 W112M：最大寬度 X：交會點 θ1：角度 θ2：發散角100, 200, 300, 400, 500: light source module 110, 210, 310, 410, 510: light guide plate 112, 312: recess structure 120: light source 122: light-emitting element 124: circuit board 412, 414: part A, A ': distance A1: coupling area A2: light exit area D1: first direction D2: second direction D3: third direction E1: first side E2: second side E3: third side E4: fourth side H112: depth H112M: maximum depth I: boundary L: beam O1, O2: axis of symmetry OP, OP1: orthographic projection P: pitch R1: first reference plane R2: second reference plane SB: bottom surface SI: light incident surface SL1, SL2 SL3: Cut line SO: Light exit surface W112M: Maximum width X: Intersection point θ1: Angle θ2: Divergence angle

圖1A是依照本發明的第一實施例的一種光源模組的局部上視示意圖。圖1B是圖1A中導光板在第一參考平面的截面圖。圖1C是圖1A中光源模組在第二參考平面的截面圖。圖1D繪示凹陷結構的第一邊與第二邊在不同a、b值下的型態。圖2是一比較例的光源模組的局部上視示意圖。圖3至圖5分別是依照本發明的第二實施例至第四實施例的光源模組的局部上視示意圖。1A is a partial top plan view of a light source module in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention. 1B is a cross-sectional view of the light guide plate of FIG. 1A in a first reference plane. 1C is a cross-sectional view of the light source module of FIG. 1A in a second reference plane. FIG. 1D illustrates the pattern of the first side and the second side of the recessed structure at different values of a and b. 2 is a partial top plan view of a light source module of a comparative example. 3 to 5 are partial top views of the light source module according to the second to fourth embodiments of the present invention, respectively.

100：光源模組 110：導光板 112：凹陷結構 120：光源 122：發光元件 124：電路板 A：距離 A1：耦光區 A2：出光區 D1：第一方向 D2：第二方向 D3：第三方向 E1：第一邊 E2：第二邊 E3：第三邊 I：交界 L：光束 O1：對稱軸 OP：正投影 P：節距 R1：第一參考平面 R2：第二參考平面 SI：入光面 SO：出光面 W112M：最大寬度 X：交會點 θ2：發散角100: light source module 110: light guide plate 112: recessed structure 120: light source 122: light-emitting element 124: circuit board A: distance A1: light-coupled area A2: light-emitting area D1: first direction D2: second direction D3: third Direction E1: First side E2: Second side E3: Third side I: Junction L: Beam O1: Symmetry axis OP: Orthographic projection P: Pitch R1: First reference plane R2: Second reference plane SI: Into light Surface SO: illuminating surface W112M: maximum width X: intersection point θ2: divergence angle

Claims

一種導光板，具有一耦光區以及一出光區，該導光板包括：一入光面，該耦光區位於該入光面與該出光區之間；一出光面，連接該入光面；一底面，連接該入光面且與該出光面相對；以及多個凹陷結構，位於該耦光區中且凹入於該出光面與該底面的其中至少一者，其中各該凹陷結構於所凹入之表面的正投影具有一第一邊、一第二邊以及一連接該第一邊與該第二邊的第三邊，該第一邊與該第二邊滿足，(x,y)是在一第一方向以及一第二方向上的座標，該第一方向平行於該入光面以及該出光面，該第二方向垂直於該入光面，a、b為實數，其中a、b滿足0.0718 3。 A light guide plate having a light-coupled region and a light-emitting region, the light guide plate comprising: a light-incident surface, the light-coupled region is located between the light-incident surface and the light-emitting region; and a light-emitting surface is connected to the light-incident surface; a bottom surface connecting the light incident surface and opposite to the light emitting surface; and a plurality of concave structures located in the light coupling region and recessed in at least one of the light emitting surface and the bottom surface, wherein each of the concave structures is The orthographic projection of the concave surface has a first side, a second side, and a third side connecting the first side and the second side, the first side and the second side satisfying (x, y) is a coordinate in a first direction and a second direction, the first direction being parallel to the light incident surface and the light exit surface, the second direction being perpendicular to the light incident surface, a, b For real numbers, where a and b satisfy 0.0718 3.

如申請專利範圍第1項所述的導光板，其中各該凹陷結構於平行於該入光面的一第一參考平面上的截線為一曲線或一折線，且該曲線或該折線在垂直於該第一方向以及該第二方向的一第三方向上具有一對稱軸。 The light guide plate of claim 1, wherein each of the concave structures is a curve or a broken line on a first reference plane parallel to the light incident surface, and the curve or the fold line is vertical A third axis in the first direction and the second direction has an axis of symmetry.

如申請專利範圍第1項所述的導光板，其中各凹陷結構具有一第一面以及一第二面，該第一面位於該入光面與該第二面之間，該第一面在垂直於該入光面以及該出光面的一第二參考平面上的截線為直線或曲線，且該第二面在該第二參考平面上的截線為直線或曲線。 The light guide plate of claim 1, wherein each of the recessed structures has a first surface and a second surface, the first surface being located between the light incident surface and the second surface, the first surface being A line perpendicular to the light incident surface and a second reference plane of the light exiting surface is a straight line or a curved line, and a line of the second surface on the second reference plane is a straight line or a curved line.

如申請專利範圍第1項所述的導光板，其中該導光板在該耦光區的部分以及該導光板在該出光區的部分彼此獨立。 The light guide plate of claim 1, wherein the portion of the light guide plate in the light coupling region and the portion of the light guide plate in the light exit region are independent of each other.

一種光源模組，包括：一導光板，具有一耦光區以及一出光區，該導光板包括：一入光面，該耦光區位於該入光面與該出光區之間；一出光面，連接該入光面；一底面，連接該入光面且與該出光面相對；以及多個凹陷結構，位於該耦光區中且凹入於該出光面與該底面的其中至少一者，其中各該凹陷結構於所凹入之表面的正投影具有一第一邊、一第二邊以及一連接該第一邊與該第二邊的第三邊，該第一邊與該第二邊滿足，(x,y)是在一第一方向以及一第二方向上的座標，該第一方向平行於該入光面以及該出光面，該第二方向垂直於該入光面，a、b為實數包括；以及一光源，位於該入光面旁，其中a、b滿足0.0718 3。 A light source module includes: a light guide plate having a light-coupled region and a light-emitting region, the light guide plate includes: a light-incident surface, the light-coupled region is located between the light-incident surface and the light-emitting region; Connecting the light incident surface; a bottom surface connecting the light incident surface and opposite to the light emitting surface; and a plurality of concave structures located in the light coupling region and recessed in at least one of the light emitting surface and the bottom surface, The orthographic projection of each of the recessed structures on the recessed surface has a first side, a second side, and a third side connecting the first side and the second side, the first side and the second side Satisfy (x, y) is a coordinate in a first direction and a second direction, the first direction being parallel to the light incident surface and the light exit surface, the second direction being perpendicular to the light incident surface, a, b Included as a real number; and a light source located beside the light entrance surface, where a and b satisfy 0.0718 3.

如申請專利範圍第5項所述的光源模組，其中各該凹陷結構的深度在該第二方向上的變化包括逐步遞減或逐步遞增，且各該凹陷結構的該第三邊在該第一方向上的最大寬度與該凹陷結構的最大深度的比值不小於5。 The light source module of claim 5, wherein the change in the depth of each of the recessed structures in the second direction comprises stepwise decreasing or stepwise incrementing, and the third side of each of the recessed structures is at the first The ratio of the maximum width in the direction to the maximum depth of the recessed structure is not less than 5.

如申請專利範圍第5項所述的光源模組，其中各該凹陷結構於所凹入之表面的正投影更具有一第四邊，該第四邊連接於該第一邊與該第二邊之間，且該第四邊位於該入光面與該第三邊之間。 The light source module of claim 5, wherein the orthographic projection of each of the recessed structures on the concave surface further has a fourth side, the fourth side being connected to The first side is between the first side and the second side, and the fourth side is located between the light incident surface and the third side.

如申請專利範圍第5項所述的光源模組，其中各該凹陷結構於平行於該入光面的一第一參考平面上的截線為一曲線或一折線，且該曲線或該折線在垂直於該第一方向以及該第二方向的一第三方向上具有一對稱軸。 The light source module of claim 5, wherein each of the concave structures is a curve or a broken line on a first reference plane parallel to the light incident surface, and the curved line or the broken line is A third axis perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction has an axis of symmetry.

如申請專利範圍第5項所述的光源模組，其中各凹陷結構具有一第一面以及一第二面，該第一面位於該入光面與該第二面之間，該第一面在垂直於該入光面以及該出光面的一第二參考平面上的截線為直線或曲線，且該第二面在該第二參考平面上的截線為直線或曲線。 The light source module of claim 5, wherein each of the recessed structures has a first surface and a second surface, the first surface being located between the light incident surface and the second surface, the first surface A section line perpendicular to the light incident surface and a second reference plane of the light exiting surface is a straight line or a curved line, and a line of the second surface on the second reference plane is a straight line or a curved line.

如申請專利範圍第5項所述的光源模組，其中該導光板在該耦光區的部分以及該導光板在該出光區的部分彼此獨立。 The light source module of claim 5, wherein the portion of the light guide plate in the light coupling region and the portion of the light guide plate in the light exit region are independent of each other.

如申請專利範圍第5項所述的光源模組，其中該光源包括多個發光元件，且該些發光元件沿該第一方向排列。 The light source module of claim 5, wherein the light source comprises a plurality of light emitting elements, and the light emitting elements are arranged along the first direction.

如申請專利範圍第11項所述的光源模組，其中各該凹陷結構分別位於該些發光元件的其中之一的前方，且各該發光元件對應於該些凹陷結構的至少其中之一。 The light source module of claim 11, wherein each of the recessed structures is located in front of one of the light emitting elements, and each of the light emitting elements corresponds to at least one of the recessed structures.

如申請專利範圍第11項所述的光源模組，其中該些凹陷結構分別對應於該些發光元件的任兩相鄰發光元件之間。 The light source module of claim 11, wherein the recessed structures respectively correspond between any two adjacent light-emitting elements of the light-emitting elements.

一種導光板，具有一耦光區以及一出光區，該導光板包括：一入光面，該耦光區位於該入光面與該出光區之間；一出光面，連接該入光面；一底面，連接該入光面且與該出光面相對；以及多個凹陷結構，位於該耦光區中且凹入於該出光面與該底面的其中至少一者，其中各該凹陷結構於所凹入之表面的正投影具有一第一邊、一第二邊以及一連接該第一邊與該第二邊的第三邊，該第一邊與該第二邊滿足，(x,y)是在一第一方向以及一第二方向上的座標，該第一方向平行於該入光面以及該出光面，該第二方向垂直於該入光面，a、b為實數，其中各該凹陷結構的深度在該第二方向上的變化包括逐步遞減或逐步遞增，且各該凹陷結構的該第三邊在該第一方向上的最大寬度與該凹陷結構的最大深度的比值不小於5。 A light guide plate has a light-coupled region and a light-emitting region, the light guide plate includes: a light-incident surface, the light-coupled region is located between the light-incident surface and the light-emitting region; and a light-emitting surface is connected to the light-incident surface; a bottom surface connecting the light incident surface and opposite to the light emitting surface; and a plurality of concave structures located in the light coupling region and recessed in at least one of the light emitting surface and the bottom surface, wherein each of the concave structures is The orthographic projection of the concave surface has a first side, a second side, and a third side connecting the first side and the second side, the first side and the second side satisfying (x, y) is a coordinate in a first direction and a second direction, the first direction being parallel to the light incident surface and the light exit surface, the second direction being perpendicular to the light incident surface, a, b a real number, wherein the change in the depth of each of the recessed structures in the second direction comprises a stepwise decreasing or stepwise increment, and a maximum width of the third side of each of the recessed structures in the first direction and a maximum of the recessed structure The ratio of depth is not less than 5.

一種導光板，具有一耦光區以及一出光區，該導光板包括：一入光面，該耦光區位於該入光面與該出光區之間；一出光面，連接該入光面；一底面，連接該入光面且與該出光面相對；以及多個凹陷結構，位於該耦光區中且凹入於該出光面與該底面的其中至少一者，其中各該凹陷結構於所凹入之表面的正投影具有一第一邊、一第二邊以及一連接該第一邊與該第二邊的第三邊，該第一邊與該第二邊滿足，(x,y)是在一第一方向以及一第二方向上的座標，該第一方向平行於該入光面以及該出光面，該第二方向垂直於該入光面，a、b為實數，其中各該凹陷結構於所凹入之表面的正投影更具有一第四邊，該第四邊連接於該第一邊與該第二邊之間，且該第四邊位於該入光面與該第三邊之間。 A light guide plate having a light-coupled region and a light-emitting region, the light guide plate comprising: a light-incident surface, the light-coupled region is located between the light-incident surface and the light-emitting region; and a light-emitting surface is connected to the light-incident surface; a bottom surface connecting the light incident surface and opposite to the light emitting surface; and a plurality of concave structures located in the light coupling region and recessed in at least one of the light emitting surface and the bottom surface, wherein each of the concave structures is The orthographic projection of the concave surface has a first side, a second side, and a third side connecting the first side and the second side, the first side and the second side satisfying (x, y) is a coordinate in a first direction and a second direction, the first direction being parallel to the light incident surface and the light exit surface, the second direction being perpendicular to the light incident surface, a, b a real number, wherein the orthographic projection of each of the concave structures on the concave surface further has a fourth side, the fourth side is connected between the first side and the second side, and the fourth side is located in the Between the smooth side and the third side.