TWI572551B - Variable flow lifting device - Google Patents
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Description
本發明係關於變流式起重裝置，尤其關於電源監視裝置。 The present invention relates to a variable flow lifting device, and more particularly to a power monitoring device.
作為本技術領域之背景技術，有日本特開2001-251892號公報(專利文獻1)。該公報係關於電動捲揚機之控制裝置，內容記述有「提供一種供給電源為多相之連接狀態如為缺相之情形時不可運行、如為正相或逆相之情形時根據操作指令之內容進行正確之捲揚升降運轉之微電腦控制之電動捲揚機之控制裝置。」。 Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2001-251892 (Patent Document 1). This publication relates to a control device for an electric hoist. The content describes "providing that a connection state in which a power supply is multi-phase is inoperable when it is in the absence of a phase, and in the case of a positive phase or a reverse phase, according to the contents of the operation command. The correct control device for the electric hoist controlled by the microcomputer controlled lifting operation.".
[先前技術文獻] [Previous Technical Literature]
[專利文獻] [Patent Literature]
[專利文獻1]日本特開2001-251892號公報 [Patent Document 1] Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2001-251892
於上述專利文獻1中，記述有藉由於缺相之情形時禁止動作、於逆相之情形時以開關切換而設為與正相相同之動作方向之控制裝置。又，專利文獻1係記述有直接對馬達供給商用電源進行驅動之電動捲揚機。然而，在使用變流器進行馬達控制之所謂變流式起重裝置之情形，因電源與馬達間必須設置複雜之電路，故無法以單純的切換開關對應，例如，於逆相之情形時，由於與正規之連接不同，故有可能因控制裝置之構成而產生機器之破損等之非意料之問題。 In the above-described Patent Document 1, a control device that prohibits an operation when a phase is lacking and a switching direction by a switch when the phase is reversed is set to be the same as the normal phase. Further, Patent Document 1 describes an electric hoist that directly supplies a motor to a commercial power source. However, in the case of a so-called variable current type lifting device that uses a current transformer for motor control, since a complicated circuit must be provided between the power source and the motor, it is not possible to correspond to a simple switching switch, for example, in the case of reverse phase, Since it is different from the normal connection, there is a possibility that an unintended problem such as breakage of the machine may occur due to the configuration of the control device.
又，於專利文獻1中只有檢測缺相、逆相，但未實施接地相之檢 測。 Further, in Patent Document 1, only the phase loss and the reverse phase are detected, but the ground phase is not detected. Measurement.
因此，在電源未接地之情形時，若接觸捲揚機會有觸電之危險。 Therefore, there is a risk of electric shock if the contact hoist is in contact with the power supply.
因此，本發明之目的在於提供一種變流式起重裝置，其具有電源監視裝置，該電源監視裝置係於變流式起重裝置中，於檢測出缺相、逆相之情形時禁止捲揚機之動作，再者於監視接地相而發現未能接地之情形時通知異常，而可防止觸電。 Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a variable flow type lifting apparatus having a power source monitoring device which is incorporated in a variable flow type lifting device and which prohibits the action of the hoist when detecting a phase loss or a reverse phase. In addition, when the grounding phase is monitored and it is found that the grounding is not grounded, an abnormality is notified, and electric shock can be prevented.
為了解決上述問題，採用例如記述於申請專利範圍內之構成。 In order to solve the above problems, for example, a configuration described in the scope of the patent application is employed.
本申請案包含複數個解決上述問題之方法，例舉其中一例為：包含3相電源、具備捲揚用電動機之捲揚用裝置、控制該捲揚用電動機之動作之捲揚變流器裝置、及檢測上述3相電源之特定相是否接地之檢測部，且具備藉由上述檢測部檢測出未接地之情形時將該未接地之資訊輸出至外部之機構。 The present application includes a plurality of methods for solving the above problems, and an example thereof is a hoisting converter device including a three-phase power source, a hoisting device including a hoisting motor, and an operation for controlling the hoisting motor. And a detecting unit that detects whether or not the specific phase of the three-phase power source is grounded, and includes a mechanism that outputs the ungrounded information to the outside when the detecting unit detects that the grounding is not grounded.
根據本發明，在變流式起重裝置中，監視接地相，且於未能接地之情形時通知異常，藉此可防止觸電。 According to the present invention, in the variable current type lifting apparatus, the ground phase is monitored, and an abnormality is notified when the grounding is not performed, whereby electric shock can be prevented.
1‧‧‧起重機吊鉤 1‧‧‧ crane hook
2‧‧‧鋼索 2‧‧‧Steel cable
3‧‧‧捲揚感應電動機 3‧‧‧Winning induction motor
4‧‧‧捲揚用裝置 4‧‧‧Winning device
5‧‧‧橫移感應電動機 5‧‧‧travel induction motor
6‧‧‧橫移用裝置 6‧‧‧ traverse device
7‧‧‧橫移用梁 7‧‧‧Transverse beam
8‧‧‧行進感應電動機 8‧‧‧Travel induction motor
9‧‧‧行進用裝置 9‧‧‧Travel device
10‧‧‧行進用梁 10‧‧‧Travel beams
11‧‧‧捲揚/橫移變流裝置 11‧‧‧Winding/traverse flow converter
12‧‧‧捲揚/橫移變流控制部 12‧‧‧Winding/Horizontal Converter Control Department
13‧‧‧操作輸入裝置 13‧‧‧Operation input device
14‧‧‧捲揚用變流器 14‧‧‧Winding converter
15‧‧‧橫移用變流器 15‧‧‧Transverse converter
16‧‧‧感應電動機用制動器 16‧‧‧Induction motor brakes
17‧‧‧行進用變流裝置 17‧‧‧Traveling converter
18‧‧‧進行變流控制部 18‧‧‧Transformation Control Department
19‧‧‧行進用變流器 19‧‧‧Traveling converter
20‧‧‧缺相、異相、接地相檢測部 20‧‧‧ Phase loss, out of phase, ground phase detection
21‧‧‧R、S、T相檢測部 21‧‧‧R, S, T phase detection department
22‧‧‧微電腦 22‧‧‧Microcomputer
23‧‧‧接地相檢測部 23‧‧‧ Grounding Phase Detection Department
圖1係顯示變流式起重裝置之整體構成之立體圖。 Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing the overall configuration of a variable flow type lifting device.
圖2係顯示變流式起重裝置之主要部分之構成之方塊圖。 Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing the constitution of the main part of the variable flow type lifting device.
圖3係顯示缺相、異相、接地相檢測部之構成之電路圖。 Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a phase loss, out of phase, and ground phase detecting portion.
圖4係說明缺相檢測處理之流程圖。 Fig. 4 is a flow chart showing the phase loss detecting process.
圖5係說明異相檢測處理之流程圖。 Fig. 5 is a flow chart showing the heterophase detecting process.
圖6A係以異相檢測處理說明正相之判斷方法之時序圖。 Fig. 6A is a timing chart for explaining a positive phase determination method by heterogeneous detection processing.
圖6B係以異相檢測處理說明異相之判斷方法之時序圖。 Fig. 6B is a timing chart showing the method of judging the out of phase by the heterophase detection processing.
圖7係說明接地相檢測處理之流程圖。 Fig. 7 is a flow chart showing the ground phase detecting process.
以下，使用圖式說明實施例。 Hereinafter, the embodiment will be described using the drawings.
圖1係顯示設置本實施例之電源監視裝置之變流式起重裝置之整體構成之立體圖，圖2係顯示變流式起重裝置之主要部分之構成之方塊圖。 1 is a perspective view showing an overall configuration of a variable flow type lifting device provided with a power source monitoring device of the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a main portion of the variable current type lifting device.
於圖1及圖2中，變流式起重裝置係由以下構成：起重機吊鉤1、鋼索2、捲揚感應電動機3、捲揚用裝置4、橫移感應電動機5、橫移用裝置6、橫移用梁7、行進感應電動機8、行進用裝置9、行進用梁10、捲揚/橫移變流裝置(稱為主控制部)11、捲揚/橫移變流控制部12、操作輸入裝置13、捲揚用變流器14、橫移用變流器15、感應電動機用制動器16、行進用變流裝置17、行進變流控制部18、及行進用變流器19。 In FIGS. 1 and 2, the variable flow type lifting apparatus is composed of a crane hook 1, a cable 2, a winding induction motor 3, a winding device 4, a traverse induction motor 5, and a traverse device 6 The traverse beam 7, the traveling induction motor 8, the traveling device 9, the traveling beam 10, the hoisting/traverse-changing device (referred to as a main control unit) 11, the hoisting/traverse-changing control unit 12, The operation input device 13, the hoisting current transformer 14, the traverse converter 15, the induction motor brake 16, the traveling current transformer 17, the traveling current control unit 18, and the traveling current transformer 19 are operated.
變流式起重裝置係藉由具備捲揚感應電動機3之捲揚用裝置4捲揚升降鋼索2，藉此使安裝於起重機吊鉤1上之貨物沿Z方向(以Z方向、-Z方向之箭頭顯示)即上下方向移動。又，於X方向(以X方向、-X方向之箭頭顯示)中，藉由具備橫移感應電動機5之橫移用裝置6、及橫移用梁7而沿X方向移動。又，於Y方向(以Y方向、-Y方向之箭頭顯示)中，藉由具備行進感應電動機8之行進用裝置9與行進用梁10而沿Y方向移動。 The variable flow hoisting device winds the lifting wire 2 by the hoisting device 4 having the hoisting induction motor 3, whereby the goods attached to the crane hook 1 are in the Z direction (in the Z direction, the -Z direction) The arrow shows) moving up and down. Further, in the X direction (indicated by the arrows in the X direction and the -X direction), the traverse device 6 including the traverse induction motor 5 and the traverse beam 7 are moved in the X direction. Further, in the Y direction (indicated by the arrows in the Y direction and the -Y direction), the traveling device 9 including the traveling induction motor 8 and the traveling beam 10 are moved in the Y direction.
捲揚感應電動機3與橫移感應電動機5係藉由收納於捲揚/橫移用變流裝置11之圖2之捲揚/橫移變流控制部12予以控制。即，若操作員輸入來自操作輸入裝置13之特定之指示，則捲揚/橫移變流控制部12控制捲揚用變流器14與橫移用變流器15，自捲揚用變流器14與橫移用變流器15對捲揚感應電動機3與橫移感應電動機5施加控制所需之頻率、電壓、電流，同時釋放控制感應電動機用制動器16，藉此使安裝於起重機吊鉤1之貨物沿Z方向移動而不墜落。於橫移用裝置6之情 形，沿橫移用梁7使捲揚用裝置4沿X方向移動。同樣的，安裝於行進用裝置9之行進感應電動機8當操作員輸入來自操作輸入裝置13之特定之指示，則收納於行進用變流裝置17之圖2之行進變流控制部18控制行進用變流器19，自行進用變流器19對行進感應電動機8施加控制所需之頻率、電壓、電流，同時釋放控制感應電動機用制動器16，藉此，沿行進用梁10使捲揚用裝置4於Y方向上移動。 The hoisting induction motor 3 and the traverse induction motor 5 are controlled by the hoisting/traverse rotation control unit 12 of Fig. 2 housed in the winding/traversing converter device 11. That is, when the operator inputs a specific instruction from the operation input device 13, the hoisting/traverse flow control unit 12 controls the hoisting current transformer 14 and the traverse converter 15 from the hoisting variable current. The damper induction motor 3 and the traverse induction motor 5 apply a frequency, a voltage, and a current required for control, and simultaneously release the brake 16 for controlling the induction motor, thereby being mounted on the crane hook. The cargo of 1 moves in the Z direction without falling. In the case of the traverse device 6 In the shape, the hoisting beam 4 is moved in the X direction along the traverse beam 7. Similarly, when the operator inputs a specific instruction from the operation input device 13 when the operator inputs a specific instruction from the operation input device 13, the traveling current control unit 18 of FIG. 2 accommodated in the traveling current conversion device 17 controls the traveling. The current transformer 19, the self-operating converter 19 applies a frequency, a voltage, and a current required for control to the traveling induction motor 8, and simultaneously releases the brake 16 for controlling the induction motor, whereby the hoisting device is driven along the traveling beam 10. 4 moves in the Y direction.
又，捲揚/橫移變流控制部12、行進變流控制部18係具有缺相、異相、接地相檢測部20。缺相、異相、接地相檢測部20係檢測3相電源之缺相、異相、及接地相之接地狀況。 Further, the hoisting/traverse flow control unit 12 and the traveling current control unit 18 have a phase loss, out of phase, and ground phase detecting unit 20. The phase loss, out of phase, and ground phase detecting unit 20 detects the grounding condition of the phase loss, the out of phase, and the ground phase of the three-phase power source.
使用圖3~7說明缺相、異相、接地相檢測部20之具體檢測方法。圖3係缺相、異相、接地相檢測部20之電路圖，圖4係缺相檢測處理之流程圖，圖5係異相檢測處理之流程圖，圖6A、B係顯示異相檢測方法之時序圖，圖7係接地相檢測處理之流程圖。 A specific detection method of the phase loss, out of phase, and ground phase detecting unit 20 will be described with reference to Figs. 3 is a circuit diagram of the phase loss, out of phase, and ground phase detecting portion 20, FIG. 4 is a flowchart of phase loss detecting processing, FIG. 5 is a flowchart of out of phase detecting processing, and FIG. 6A and B are timing charts showing a hetero phase detecting method. Figure 7 is a flow chart of the ground phase detection process.
首先，說明供給電源之多相之連接狀態為未連接之缺相之情形之缺相檢測。缺相檢測係以圖3之R、S、T相檢測部21實施。R、S、T相檢測部21係將交流電壓進行半波整流，且作為5V之脈衝波形輸入至微電腦22。藉此，對微電腦22，以特定週期交替輸入「H」位準與「L」位準。另一方面，因3相電源連接斷線等而未輸入交流電壓之情形始終對微電腦22進行「H」位準之輸入。 First, the phase loss detection in the case where the connection state of the multi-phase of the power supply is the unconnected phase loss will be described. The phase loss detection is performed by the R, S, and T phase detecting sections 21 of Fig. 3 . The R, S, and T phase detecting sections 21 perform half-wave rectification of the AC voltage, and input it to the microcomputer 22 as a pulse waveform of 5V. Thereby, the "H" level and the "L" level are alternately input to the microcomputer 22 at a specific cycle. On the other hand, the microcomputer 22 is always input to the "H" level because the three-phase power supply is disconnected or the like and the AC voltage is not input.
缺相之判斷係以例如微電腦22之計時器中斷處理而實施。於圖4之缺相檢測處理之流程圖中，首先，確認R、S、T相之缺相檢測是否完畢(S101)，若未檢測出，則確認R相檢測埠輸入狀態(S102)。若R相檢測埠之輸入狀態為「L」，則將R相L計數+1(S103)。若R相檢測埠之輸入狀態為「H」，則將R相H計數+1(S104)。其次，合計R相L計數與H計數之值，若合計值在20次以上(S105)，則確認R相L計數值(S106)。R相L計數值為零之情形時，因3相電源連接斷線等而未輸入 交流電壓，故未對微電腦22輸入脈衝波形。藉此，判斷為R相之缺相(S109)。即，在因斷線等而未輸入交流電壓之情形時，由於對微電腦22之輸入始終為「H」位準，故僅H計數被遞增，因而L計數值保持為零。於R相L計數值非零之情形時，表示正常對微電腦22輸入脈衝波形，故判斷R相為正常(S107)。又，合計R相L計數與H計數之值，且實施合計值為20次以上之處理(S106)後，為了再次檢測R相之異常，而將計數之R相L計數與H計數之值清零(S108、S126)。 The judgment of the lack of phase is implemented by, for example, a timer interrupt processing of the microcomputer 22. In the flowchart of the phase loss detection processing of FIG. 4, first, it is confirmed whether or not the phase loss detection of the R, S, and T phases is completed (S101), and if not detected, the R phase detection 埠 input state is confirmed (S102). When the input state of the R phase detection 为 is "L", the R phase L is counted by +1 (S103). When the input state of the R phase detection 为 is "H", the R phase H is counted by +1 (S104). Then, the R phase L count and the H count value are totaled, and when the total value is 20 or more (S105), the R phase L count value is confirmed (S106). When the R phase L count value is zero, the 3-phase power supply connection is disconnected, etc., and is not input. Since the voltage is AC, the pulse waveform is not input to the microcomputer 22. Thereby, it is determined that there is a phase loss of the R phase (S109). That is, when the AC voltage is not input due to disconnection or the like, since the input to the microcomputer 22 is always at the "H" level, only the H count is incremented, and thus the L count value remains zero. When the R phase L count value is not zero, it indicates that the pulse waveform is normally input to the microcomputer 22, so that the R phase is judged to be normal (S107). In addition, after the total value of the R phase L count and the H count is totaled, and the total value is 20 or more processes (S106), in order to detect the abnormality of the R phase again, the counted R phase L count and the H count value are cleared. Zero (S108, S126).
此處，於本實施例中，合計R相L計數與H計數之值，且判斷合計值為20次以上之情形，這是由於將計時器中斷處理之次數設定為20次。若電源頻率為例如60Hz，則此時對微電腦22之脈衝波形週期為1/60=約20ms，且若將中斷中期設為2ms，則以20次觀測2週期量脈衝波形。即，藉由進行複數週期量觀測，而防止誤檢測。藉此，由於為了防止誤檢測只要進行複數次觀測即可，故若欲進而增加確實性，亦可設定得較20次更大，或於欲著重縮短時間之情形時亦可設定得較小。 Here, in the present embodiment, the values of the R phase L count and the H count are totaled, and the total value is judged to be 20 or more. This is because the number of times of timer interrupt processing is set to 20 times. If the power supply frequency is, for example, 60 Hz, the pulse waveform period for the microcomputer 22 is 1/60 = about 20 ms at this time, and if the interruption medium is set to 2 ms, the pulse waveform is observed for two cycles of 20 cycles. That is, erroneous detection is prevented by performing complex periodic observation. Therefore, in order to prevent erroneous detection, it is only necessary to perform a plurality of observations. Therefore, if it is desired to increase the reliability, it may be set to be larger than 20 times, or may be set to be smaller when it is desired to reduce the time.
於R相L計數與H計數之合計值未滿20之情形(S105)，或判斷R相正常(S108)後，與R相之缺相判斷同樣地實施S相、T相之缺相判斷(S110以後)。 When the total value of the R phase L count and the H count is less than 20 (S105), or after the R phase is normal (S108), the phase loss determination of the S phase and the T phase is performed in the same manner as the phase loss determination of the R phase ( After S110).
於判斷R、S、T各相任一者異常(缺相)之情形時，禁止變流器之動作且藉由制動感應電動機用制動器16，而禁止變流式起重裝置之運轉。 When it is determined that any of the R, S, and T phases is abnormal (phase loss), the operation of the converter is prohibited, and the brake 16 for the induction motor is braked, and the operation of the converter type lifting device is prohibited.
另，由圖4可明瞭，一旦判斷為異常(缺陷)之情形時，只要未以切斷電源而進行微電腦22RAM區域之清除，則不會解除異常狀態。 Further, as is clear from FIG. 4, when it is determined that the abnormality (defect) is present, the abnormal state is not canceled unless the microcomputer 22 RAM area is cleared by turning off the power.
其次，說明供給電源之多相之連接狀態為與正常連接不同而為錯誤連接之異相之情形之異相檢測。異相檢測係與上述缺相檢測同樣地以圖3之R、S、T相檢測部21實施。 Next, the heterogeneous detection in the case where the multi-phase connection state of the power supply is different from the normal connection and is out of phase with the wrong connection will be described. The heterogeneous detection system is implemented by the R, S, and T phase detecting sections 21 of FIG. 3 in the same manner as the phase loss detection described above.
異相之判斷係例如以微電腦22之計時器中斷處理實施。於圖5之異相檢測處理之流程圖中，首先，確認異相檢測是否結束(S201)。若結束則不實施異相檢測處理。若未結束，則實施異相檢測處理。此處，之所以設定上述異相檢測處理實施條件，係因已知當一旦判斷結束後至電源切斷為止，異相之狀態不會發生變化，故為了降低微電腦22之處理量而設定。 The judgment of the out-of-phase is performed, for example, by the timer interrupt processing of the microcomputer 22. In the flowchart of the out-of-phase detection processing of FIG. 5, first, it is confirmed whether or not the out-of-phase detection is completed (S201). If it is finished, the heterogeneous detection process is not performed. If it is not finished, the heterogeneous detection process is performed. Here, the reason why the above-described out-of-phase detection processing execution condition is set is that it is known that the state of the out-of-phase does not change until the power is turned off once the determination is completed, and therefore, the amount of processing of the microcomputer 22 is set to be reduced.
若異相檢測未結束(S201)，則確認是否可開始異相檢測(S202)。開始條件係R相檢測埠輸入狀態為「H」時(S203、S204)。此處，之所以設定上述開始條件，係為了避免以3相電源輸入前之狀態開始檢測。 If the out-of-phase detection is not completed (S201), it is confirmed whether or not the out-of-phase detection can be started (S202). The start condition is when the R phase detection 埠 input state is "H" (S203, S204). Here, the reason for setting the above start condition is to prevent the detection from starting before the 3-phase power supply is input.
若異相檢測開始(S202)，則確認R相之檢測結束(S205)。若檢測未結束，則確認R相檢測埠輸入狀態(S206)，若為「L」，則保存此時之S相檢測埠輸入狀態(S207)，並結束R相之檢測(S208)。若R相檢測處理結束(S205)，則確認S相檢測埠輸入狀態(S209)，若為「L」，則保存此時之T相檢測埠輸入狀態(S210)。若T相檢測埠輸入狀態之保存(S210)結束，則確認保存之S、T相之輸入狀態(S211)，若S、T皆為「H」，則判斷為正常(正相)(S212)。若S、T相皆非「H」，則判斷為異常(異相)(S213)。判斷出正常或異常後，結束異相檢測(S214)。 When the out-of-phase detection is started (S202), it is confirmed that the detection of the R phase is completed (S205). If the detection is not completed, the R phase detection 埠 input state is confirmed (S206), and if it is "L", the S phase detection 埠 input state at this time is stored (S207), and the detection of the R phase is ended (S208). When the R phase detection processing is completed (S205), the S phase detection 埠 input state is confirmed (S209), and if it is "L", the T phase detection 埠 input state at this time is stored (S210). When the T phase detection 埠 input state is saved (S210), the input state of the saved S and T phases is confirmed (S211), and if both S and T are "H", it is determined to be normal (positive phase) (S212) . If neither S nor T phase is "H", it is judged to be abnormal (out of phase) (S213). After the normal or abnormality is judged, the out-of-phase detection is ended (S214).
此處，使用圖6A、6B之時序圖進行該正相、異相之判斷之詳細說明。 Here, a detailed description of the determination of the normal phase and the out of phase is performed using the timing charts of FIGS. 6A and 6B.
圖6A為正相之情形之時序圖。於圖6A中，(1)之記述對應圖5之處理S202~S204，(2)之記述對應處理S205、S206，(3)之記述對應處理S207，(4)之記述對應S209，(5)之記述對應S210，(6)之記述對應S211~S212。即，於R、S、T相正確連接之情形時，對微電腦22之脈衝波形輸入係R、S、T相依序成相位偏移之形狀，因而於R相之「H」至「L」之時序S相檢測埠之位準為「H」，又，因於S相之 「H」至「L」之時序T相檢測埠之位準為「H」，故只要保存輸入狀態之S相、T皆為「H」，則可判斷為正常。 Fig. 6A is a timing chart of the case of a positive phase. In FIG. 6A, the description of (1) corresponds to the processes S202 to S204 of FIG. 5, the description of the corresponding processes S205 and S206, the description of the correspondence process S207, and the description of (4) correspond to S209, (5). The description corresponds to S210, and the description of (6) corresponds to S211 to S212. That is, when the R, S, and T phases are correctly connected, the pulse waveform input systems R, S, and T of the microcomputer 22 are sequentially phase-shifted, and thus the "H" to "L" of the R phase. The timing of the S-phase detection is "H", and because of the S phase Since the level of the T-phase detection of "H" to "L" is "H", it can be judged as normal if the S phase and T of the input state are both "H".
另一方面，異相之情形係如圖6B所示之時序圖。如圖6B所示，異相之型態有5種型態，於R相之「H」至「L」之時序保存S相檢測埠之位準、及於接續之S相檢測埠位準為「L」之時序保存T相檢測埠之位準，如圖6B所示，任一種情形時兩者皆非「H」。因此，只要保存輸入狀態之S相、T皆非「H」，則可判斷為異相。 On the other hand, the case of out of phase is a timing chart as shown in Fig. 6B. As shown in Fig. 6B, there are five types of out-of-phase patterns, and the level of the S-phase detection is stored at the timing of the "H" to "L" of the R-phase, and the S-phase detection level in the succeeding phase is " The timing of the L" stores the level of the T phase detection, as shown in Fig. 6B. In either case, neither is "H". Therefore, if the S phase and T of the input state are not all "H", it can be judged to be out of phase.
另，對R、S、T檢測埠之輸入波形在圖6之情形係以ON占空比50%記述，但ON占空比可以電路常數自由設定，此外，必須藉由ON占空比之比率作成異相之判斷處理當毋庸多言。 In addition, the input waveform for R, S, and T detection is described by the ON duty ratio of 50% in the case of FIG. 6, but the ON duty ratio can be freely set by the circuit constant, and the ratio of the ON duty ratio must be used. It is not necessary to say how to make judgments about the opposite phase.
於以上述R、S、T各相任一者判斷為異相之情形時，藉由禁止變流器之動作，且制動感應電動機用制動器16，而禁止變流式起重裝置之運轉。 When it is determined that any of the R, S, and T phases is out of phase, the operation of the converter is prohibited by the operation of the inverter and the brake 16 for the induction motor is braked.
其次，對檢測供給電源之多相之連接狀態中特定之應接地之接地相是否接地之接地相檢測進行說明。接地相檢測例如以圖3之接地相檢測部23實施。接地相檢測部23係將交流電壓進行半波整流，且以5V之脈衝波形輸入至微電腦22。於3相電源中特定之接地之接地相(通常為S相)未接地之情形時會產生電位差，故輸入交流電壓，且對微電腦22輸入5V之脈衝波形。藉此，對微電腦22，以特定週期交替輸入「H」位準與「L」位準。另一方面，接地相接地之情形時，因電位差為零，故未輸入交流電壓，而始終對微電腦22輸入「H」位準。 Next, the ground phase detection for detecting whether or not the grounding phase to be grounded in the multi-phase connection state of the power supply is grounded will be described. The ground phase detection is performed, for example, by the ground phase detecting unit 23 of Fig. 3 . The ground phase detecting unit 23 performs half-wave rectification of the AC voltage, and inputs it to the microcomputer 22 with a pulse waveform of 5V. When a grounded phase (usually the S phase) of a specific ground in the 3-phase power supply is not grounded, a potential difference is generated, so an AC voltage is input, and a pulse waveform of 5 V is input to the microcomputer 22. Thereby, the "H" level and the "L" level are alternately input to the microcomputer 22 at a specific cycle. On the other hand, when the ground is grounded, since the potential difference is zero, the AC voltage is not input, and the "H" level is always input to the microcomputer 22.
接地相之判斷係例如以微電腦22之計時器中斷處理實施。於圖7之接地相檢測處理之流程圖中，首先，確認接地相異常之檢測是否完畢(S301)，若未檢測出異常，則確認接地相檢測埠輸入狀態(S302)。若接地相檢測埠之輸入狀態為「L」，則將接地相L計數+1(S303)。若接地相檢測埠之輸入狀態為「H」，則將接地相H計數+1(S304)。其 次，合計接地相L計數與H計數之值，若合計值為20次以上(S305)，則確認接地相L計數值(S306)。於接地相L計數值不為零之情形時，因接地相未接地，故判斷接地相異常(S309)。即，於接地相未接地之情形，因輸入交流電壓，故對微電腦22之輸入係以特定週期交替輸入「H」位準與「L」位準，因而接地相L計數值未變為零。接地相L計數值為零之情形表示正常接地，因而判斷接地相正常(S307)。 The judgment of the ground phase is performed, for example, by the timer interrupt processing of the microcomputer 22. In the flowchart of the ground phase detection processing of FIG. 7, first, it is confirmed whether or not the detection of the ground phase abnormality is completed (S301), and if the abnormality is not detected, the ground phase detection 埠 input state is confirmed (S302). If the input state of the ground phase detection 为 is "L", the ground phase L is counted by +1 (S303). If the input state of the ground phase detection 为 is "H", the ground phase H is counted by +1 (S304). its When the total value of the ground phase L count and the H count is equal to 20 or more (S305), the ground phase L count value is confirmed (S306). When the ground phase L count value is not zero, the ground phase is not grounded, so that the ground phase is abnormal (S309). That is, in the case where the ground phase is not grounded, since the input voltage to the microcomputer 22 is alternately input to the "H" level and the "L" level at a specific cycle, the ground phase L count value does not become zero. The case where the ground phase L count value is zero indicates normal grounding, and thus the ground phase is judged to be normal (S307).
又，合計接地相L計數與H計數之值，且實施合計值為20次以上之處理(S306)後，為了再次檢測接地相之異常，而將先前計數之接地相L計數與H計數之值清零(S308)。另，雖於本實施例中係合計接地相L計數與H計數之值，且判斷合計值為20次以上之情形，但若以防止誤檢測為目的，則未限定於20次，亦可設定成其他值。 Further, after the total value of the ground phase L count and the H count is totaled, and the total value is 20 or more processes (S306), the ground phase L count and the H count value of the previous count are detected in order to detect the abnormality of the ground phase again. Cleared (S308). In the present embodiment, the total value of the ground phase L count and the H count is determined, and the total value is determined to be 20 or more. However, if the purpose of preventing erroneous detection is not limited to 20 times, it may be set. Into other values.
於判斷接地相為異常(未接地)之情形時，與上述缺相、異相同樣地禁止變流器之動作，且制動感應電動機用制動器16，藉此禁止變流式起重裝置之運轉。 When it is judged that the ground phase is abnormal (not grounded), the operation of the converter is prohibited in the same manner as the above-described phase loss and the out-of-phase, and the brake 16 for the induction motor is braked, thereby prohibiting the operation of the converter type lifting device.
另，由圖7可明確，於一旦判斷為異常(未接地)之情形時，只要未以切斷電源而清除微電腦22RAM區域，則不會解除異常狀態。 In addition, as is clear from FIG. 7, when it is determined that the abnormality is (ungrounded), the abnormal state is not canceled unless the microcomputer 22 RAM area is cleared by turning off the power.
缺相、異相、接地相之異常檢測係如上所述而實施，且於判斷為異常之情形時，例如，自捲揚/橫移變流控制部12、行進變流控制部18輸出信號，且使安裝於外部之燈點亮，藉此可通知異常。 The abnormality detection of the phase loss, the out of phase, and the ground phase is performed as described above, and when it is determined that the abnormality is present, for example, the signal is output from the hoisting/traverse flow control unit 12 and the traveling current control unit 18, and The lamp installed on the outside is lit, thereby notifying the abnormality.
又，亦可於捲揚/橫移變流控制部12、行進變流控制部18設置顯示器，且於顯示器顯示異常。 Further, a display may be provided in the hoisting/traverse flow control unit 12 and the traveling current control unit 18, and an abnormality may be displayed on the display.
如上所述，根據本實施例之變流式起重裝置，其具有3相電源、具備捲揚用電動機之捲揚用裝置、控制該捲揚用電動機之動作之捲揚變流裝置、及檢測上述3相電源之特定之相是否接地之檢測部，且具備於藉由上述檢測部檢測出未接地之情形時將該未接地之資訊輸出至外部之機構，藉由該變流式起重裝置，於未能接地之情形時通知異 常，而可防止觸電。又，於藉由檢測部檢測出未接地之情形時，藉由具備停止運轉之機構，而消除非預期之動作，從而提高安全性。 As described above, the variable current type lifting apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a three-phase power source, a hoisting device including a hoisting motor, a hoisting converter that controls the operation of the hoisting motor, and detection The detecting unit that is grounded to the specific phase of the three-phase power source is provided with a mechanism for outputting the ungrounded information to the outside when the detecting unit detects that the ground is not grounded, and the variable current lifting device , notify when the grounding is not possible Often, it can prevent electric shock. Further, when the detecting unit detects that the grounding is not grounded, the mechanism for stopping the operation is provided to eliminate the unexpected operation, thereby improving the safety.
再者，變流式起重裝置具有檢測出3相電源之缺相、異相之檢測部，且具備於藉由該檢測部檢測出3相電源為缺相或異相之情形時將異常資訊輸出至外部之機構而通知缺相、異相，藉此可防止機器之破損等之非意料之問題。又，可提供一種變流式起重裝置，其具備於藉由檢測部檢測出3相電源為缺相或異相之情形時停止運轉之機構，藉此消除非預期之動作，從而提高安全性。 Furthermore, the variable current lifting device has a detecting unit that detects phase loss and out of phase of the three-phase power source, and is configured to output an abnormality information when the detecting unit detects that the three-phase power source is out of phase or out of phase. External organizations notify the lack of phase and out of phase, thereby preventing unintended problems such as damage to the machine. Further, it is possible to provide a variable current type lifting apparatus which is provided with a mechanism for stopping the operation when the detecting unit detects that the three-phase power source is out of phase or out of phase, thereby eliminating unintended operations and improving safety.
又，變流式起重裝置具有檢測出3相電源之缺相、異相、或特定相是否接地之檢測部，且具備於藉由該檢測部檢測出3相電源為缺相、異相、或未接地之情形時將該異常資訊輸出至外部之機構，藉此可防止機器之破損等之非意料之問題發生。又，可提供一種變流式起重裝置，其具備於藉由檢測部檢測出3相電源為缺相、異相或未接地之情形時停止運轉之機構，藉此消除非預期之動作，從而提高安全性。 Further, the variable current lifting device has a detecting unit that detects a phase loss, an out of phase, or a specific phase of the three-phase power source, and is configured to detect that the three-phase power source is out of phase, out of phase, or not In the case of grounding, the abnormality information is output to an external mechanism, thereby preventing unintended problems such as breakage of the machine. Further, a variable current type lifting apparatus can be provided which is provided with a mechanism for stopping the operation when the detecting unit detects that the three-phase power source is out of phase, out of phase, or not grounded, thereby eliminating unintended actions and thereby improving safety.
又，上述檢測部係檢測3相電源之波形，根據檢測出之波形判斷缺相、異相或是否接地，藉此，可藉由簡單之構成而檢測異常。 Further, the detecting unit detects the waveform of the three-phase power source, and determines whether the phase is missing, out of phase, or grounded based on the detected waveform, whereby the abnormality can be detected by a simple configuration.
即，藉由本實施例，可檢測缺相、異相、接地相之異常，於檢測出異常之情形時，禁止變流器之動作，且制動感應電動機用制動器，因而可禁止變流式起重裝置之運轉，消除非預期之動作，提高安全性。又，由於可將缺相、異相、接地相之異常檢測狀態輸出至外部而通知異常，故可留意到異常發生。 That is, according to the present embodiment, the abnormality of the phase loss, the out-of-phase, and the ground phase can be detected, and when the abnormality is detected, the operation of the converter is prohibited, and the brake for the induction motor is braked, so that the variable-flow lifting device can be prohibited. Operation, eliminating unintended actions and improving safety. Further, since the abnormality detection state of the phase loss, the out-of-phase, and the ground phase can be output to the outside to notify the abnormality, it is possible to notice an abnormality.
本發明係非限定於上述實施例者，包含各種變化例。上述實施例係為便於理解本發明而加以詳細說明者，並非限定為必須具備所說明之全部構成。例如，亦可僅檢測缺相、異相、接地相之異常中任一者，又可以任一者之組合進行檢測。此外，於異常檢測時，可僅通知 異常或僅禁止動作，或亦可將兩者組合。 The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and includes various modifications. The above embodiments are described in detail to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to having all of the configurations described. For example, it is also possible to detect only one of the phase-out, out-of-phase, and ground-phase anomalies, or a combination of any of them. In addition, when anomaly detection, only notification Abnormal or only action is prohibited, or both can be combined.
21‧‧‧R、S、T相檢測部 21‧‧‧R, S, T phase detection department
22‧‧‧微電腦 22‧‧‧Microcomputer
23‧‧‧接地相檢測部 23‧‧‧ Grounding Phase Detection Department
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| TWM376566U (en) * | 2009-11-16 | 2010-03-21 | Song Hong Co Ltd | Connection structure for overhead crane motor |
| TWM436277U (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2012-08-21 | Shui-Chin Hung | Motor guarded switch |
| TW201351872A (en) * | 2012-06-05 | 2013-12-16 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Apparatus for controlling motor |
| TWM450893U (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2013-04-11 | Tripod Technology Corp | Power supply protecting apparatus and power supply system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW201536661A (en) | 2015-10-01 |
| JP6382536B2 (en) | 2018-08-29 |
| JP2015173531A (en) | 2015-10-01 |
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