TWI556212B - Oled pixel compensation circuit and oled pixel driving method - Google Patents
Oled pixel compensation circuit and oled pixel driving method Download PDFInfo
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本發明涉及一種像素補償電路和像素驅動方法,尤指一種用於OLED顯示裝置的像素補償電路和像素驅動方法。 The present invention relates to a pixel compensation circuit and a pixel driving method, and more particularly to a pixel compensation circuit and a pixel driving method for an OLED display device.
OLED具有省電、適合大尺寸與全彩化的特點,但是在應用過程中也延伸出許多問題,例如OLED作為開關或驅動元件之用的薄膜電晶體(Thin Film Transistor,TFT)的材料特性的變異與材料老化程度不同會造成面板顯示的不均勻的現象。另外OLED長時間使用後會導致OLED器件老化,伴隨器件的老化會產生閥值電壓上升、發光效率下降的問題。為了解決上述問題本領域技術人員提出了多種像素補償電路用來補償OLED以及驅動元件閥值電壓變化。 OLED has the characteristics of power saving, suitable for large size and full color, but it also extends many problems in the application process, such as the material properties of thin film transistor (TFT) used for OLED as a switch or driving element. Variations and different degrees of aging of the material can cause unevenness in the display of the panel. In addition, after the OLED is used for a long time, the OLED device will be deteriorated, and the aging of the device may cause a problem that the threshold voltage rises and the luminous efficiency decreases. In order to solve the above problems, those skilled in the art have proposed various pixel compensation circuits for compensating for OLED and drive element threshold voltage variations.
但是這些像素補償電路的應用會引入新的問題:這些像素補償電路多是採用nTnC(T代表薄膜電晶體,C代表電容,n為表示薄膜電晶體數量或電容數量的整數)的結構。雖然採用這些結構的像素補償電路可以有效的補償OLED和驅動電晶體的閥值電壓的變化,但是像素補償電路會佔用像素區域(pixel)的大量空間。隨著技術發展像素的尺寸變得越來越小,這樣位於像素區域內部龐大的nTnC的補償電路會 嚴重影響OLED面板像素的開口率並且造成OLED面板內佈線空間壓縮。 However, the application of these pixel compensation circuits introduces a new problem: these pixel compensation circuits mostly use nTnC (T stands for thin film transistor, C stands for capacitance, and n is an integer representing the number of thin film transistors or the number of capacitors). Although the pixel compensation circuit using these structures can effectively compensate for variations in the threshold voltage of the OLED and the driving transistor, the pixel compensation circuit occupies a large amount of space of the pixel region (pixel). As the size of the technology development pixel becomes smaller and smaller, the compensation circuit of the huge nTnC located inside the pixel area will The aperture ratio of the pixels of the OLED panel is seriously affected and the wiring space in the OLED panel is compressed.
有鑑於此,本發明人潛心構思並更深入研究,終於發明出一種OLED像素補償電路和OLED像素驅動方法。 In view of this, the inventors have conceived and further studied, and finally invented an OLED pixel compensation circuit and an OLED pixel driving method.
本發明的目的在於提供一種OLED像素補償電路和OLED像素驅動方法,其能夠補償不同驅動電晶體的閥值電壓Vth不一致導致OLED顯示器圖像不均勻的問題;進一步的本發明的OLED像素補償電路將一部分元件設置於像素區域外部,這樣可以顯著提高像素區域的開口率,減少OLED面板內部佈線困難的問題。 An object of the present invention is to provide an OLED pixel compensation circuit and an OLED pixel driving method, which can compensate for the problem that the threshold voltage Vth of different driving transistors is inconsistent, resulting in uneven image of the OLED display; further OLED pixel compensation circuit of the present invention A part of the components is disposed outside the pixel region, which can significantly increase the aperture ratio of the pixel region and reduce the difficulty of wiring inside the OLED panel.
為了解決上述問題,本發明提供一種OLED像素補償電路其包括:所位於像素區域內部的負載驅動模組和資料電壓存儲模組,以及位於像素區域外部的閥值電壓測量模組,其中:該閥值電壓測量模組用於在第二掃描端的控制下測量並存儲該負載驅動模組的閥值電壓;該資料電壓存儲模組用於在第一掃描端的控制下接收並存儲資料信號端輸出的資料電壓,在發光控制端的控制下該閥值電壓測量模組中存儲的閥值電壓和該資料電壓存儲模組中存儲的資料電壓串聯疊加形成驅動電壓輸出至該負載驅動模組;該負載驅動模組受控於發光控制端而將接收自該資料電壓存儲模組的驅動電壓轉換為驅動有機發光二極體的驅動電流。 In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an OLED pixel compensation circuit including: a load driving module and a data voltage storage module located inside a pixel area, and a threshold voltage measuring module located outside the pixel area, wherein: the valve The value voltage measuring module is configured to measure and store the threshold voltage of the load driving module under the control of the second scanning end; the data voltage storage module is configured to receive and store the output of the data signal end under the control of the first scanning end a data voltage, under the control of the illumination control end, the threshold voltage stored in the threshold voltage measurement module and the data voltage stored in the data voltage storage module are superimposed in series to form a driving voltage output to the load driving module; the load driving The module is controlled by the illumination control end to convert the driving voltage received from the data voltage storage module into a driving current for driving the organic light emitting diode.
本發明的OLED像素補償電路的進一步改進在於:該負載驅動模組包括驅動電晶體、第二電晶體以及第三電晶體,其中:該驅動電晶體的閘極連接於第一節點,其源極連接於第三節點;該第二電晶體的源極和汲極分別連接於該驅動電晶體的閘極和汲極,其閘極連接於該第二掃描端;第三電晶體的閘極連接於發光控制端,其汲極連接於第一電源,其源極連接於第三節點;該驅動電晶體的汲極連接於有機發光二極體的陽極,該有機發光二極體的陰極連接於第二電源;該驅動晶體管用於將該驅動電壓轉換為該驅動電流,該負載驅動模組的閥值電壓為該驅動電晶體的閥值電壓。 A further improvement of the OLED pixel compensation circuit of the present invention is that the load driving module comprises a driving transistor, a second transistor and a third transistor, wherein: the gate of the driving transistor is connected to the first node, and the source thereof Connected to the third node; the source and the drain of the second transistor are respectively connected to the gate and the drain of the driving transistor, and the gate thereof is connected to the second scanning end; the gate connection of the third transistor In the light-emitting control end, the drain is connected to the first power source, the source thereof is connected to the third node; the drain of the driving transistor is connected to the anode of the organic light-emitting diode, and the cathode of the organic light-emitting diode is connected to a second power source; the driving transistor is configured to convert the driving voltage into the driving current, and the threshold voltage of the load driving module is a threshold voltage of the driving transistor.
本發明的OLED像素補償電路的進一步改進在於:該資料電壓存儲模組包括第一電晶體以及第一電容;該第一電容的一端連接於第一節點,其另一端連接於第四節點;該第一電晶體的源極連接於第一節點,其汲極連接於資料信號端,其閘極連接於該第一掃描端;該資料電壓存儲於該第一電容中。 A further improvement of the OLED pixel compensation circuit of the present invention is that the data voltage storage module includes a first transistor and a first capacitor; one end of the first capacitor is connected to the first node, and the other end is connected to the fourth node; The source of the first transistor is connected to the first node, the drain of the first transistor is connected to the data signal end, and the gate thereof is connected to the first scan end; the data voltage is stored in the first capacitor.
本發明的OLED像素補償電路的進一步改進在於:該閥值電壓測量模組包括第二電容、第四電晶體、第五電晶體、第六電晶體以及第七電晶體;該第四電晶體的閘極連接於該第二掃描端,其源極連接於該第三節點,其汲極連接於該第五節點;該第五電晶體的閘極連接於該發光控制端,其源極連接於該第四節點,其汲極連接於該第二電源,該第四節點和該第五節點之間跨接有第二電容;該第六電晶體的閘極連接於發光控制端,其源極連接於該第五節點,其汲極連接於參考電源; 該第七電晶體的閘極連接於第三掃描端,其汲極連接於第三電源,其源極連接於該第五節點;該第二電容用於存儲該閥值電壓。 A further improvement of the OLED pixel compensation circuit of the present invention is that the threshold voltage measurement module includes a second capacitor, a fourth transistor, a fifth transistor, a sixth transistor, and a seventh transistor; the fourth transistor a gate is connected to the second scanning end, a source is connected to the third node, and a drain is connected to the fifth node; a gate of the fifth transistor is connected to the light emitting control end, and a source thereof is connected to The fourth node has a drain connected to the second power source, and a second capacitor is connected across the fourth node and the fifth node; a gate of the sixth transistor is connected to the light emitting control end, and a source thereof Connected to the fifth node, the drain of which is connected to the reference power source; The gate of the seventh transistor is connected to the third scan end, the drain of the seventh transistor is connected to the third power source, and the source thereof is connected to the fifth node; the second capacitor is used for storing the threshold voltage.
本發明的OLED像素補償電路的進一步改進在於:該第一電晶體、第二電晶體以及第三電晶體、第四電晶體第六電晶體以及第七電晶體為N溝道電晶體,該驅動電晶體以及第五電晶體為P溝道電晶體。 A further improvement of the OLED pixel compensation circuit of the present invention is that the first transistor, the second transistor and the third transistor, the fourth transistor sixth transistor, and the seventh transistor are N-channel transistors, and the driving The transistor and the fifth transistor are P-channel transistors.
本發明的OLED像素補償電路的進一步改進在於:該第三電源輸出的電壓和該第二電源輸出電壓的差值大於該驅動電晶體的閥值電壓和待驅動的有機發光二極體的的閥值電壓之和。 A further improvement of the OLED pixel compensation circuit of the present invention is that the difference between the voltage of the third power source output and the second power source output voltage is greater than the threshold voltage of the driving transistor and the valve of the organic light emitting diode to be driven The sum of the value voltages.
本發明的OLED像素補償電路的進一步改進在於:該第一電源輸出正電壓;該第二電源接地;該第三電源輸出的電壓大於第二電源的電壓且小於該第一電源的電壓。 A further improvement of the OLED pixel compensation circuit of the present invention is that the first power source outputs a positive voltage; the second power source is grounded; the third power source outputs a voltage greater than the voltage of the second power source and less than the voltage of the first power source.
本發明還提供一種適用於上述OLED像素補償電路的OLED像素驅動方法,其包括以下步驟:第一步驟,閥值電壓補償過程:該閥值測量模組在第二掃描端的控制下測量並且存儲負載驅動模組的閥值電壓;第二步驟,資料電壓寫入過程:資料存儲模組在第一掃描端的控制下接收並且存儲資料信號端的資料電壓;第三步驟,發光顯示過程:在發光控制端的控制下,該閥值電壓測量模組存儲的閥值電壓以及該資料電壓存儲模組存儲的資料電壓串聯疊加至該負載驅動模組形成驅動電壓,該負載驅動模組將該驅動電壓轉化為驅動有機發光二極體的驅動電流。 The invention also provides an OLED pixel driving method suitable for the above OLED pixel compensation circuit, which comprises the following steps: a first step, a threshold voltage compensation process: the threshold measurement module measures and stores the load under the control of the second scanning end The threshold voltage of the driving module; the second step, the data voltage writing process: the data storage module receives and stores the data voltage of the data signal end under the control of the first scanning end; the third step, the light emitting display process: at the light emitting control end Under control, the threshold voltage stored by the threshold voltage measuring module and the data voltage stored by the data voltage storage module are connected in series to the load driving module to form a driving voltage, and the load driving module converts the driving voltage into a driving The driving current of the organic light emitting diode.
本發明還提供一種適用於上述OLED像素補償電路的OLED像素驅動方法,其包括以下步驟:步驟A,閥值電壓測量模組的重定過程:第五電晶體在發光控制端的控制下將第四節點連接於第二電源,該閥值電壓測量模組在第三掃描端的控制下使用第三電源對第二電容進行充電;步驟B,閥值電壓測量過程:第二掃描端將驅動電晶體配置為二極體接法,並且將第三節點和第五節點連接;該第二電容放電直到驅動電晶體和有機發光二極體截止;步驟C,資料電壓寫入過程:第一掃描端控制資料電壓存儲模組從資料信號端獲取資料電壓,該資料電壓存儲在該第一電容中;步驟D,發光顯示過程:發光控制端控制第五電晶體關斷導致第四節點浮空,進而使該資料電壓存儲模組的第一電容、閥值電壓測量模組的第二電容以及參考電源的電壓串聯疊加至第一節點形成驅動電壓,在發光控制端的控制下驅動電晶體將第一節點的驅動電壓轉換為驅動有機發光二極體的驅動電流。 The invention also provides an OLED pixel driving method suitable for the above OLED pixel compensation circuit, which comprises the following steps: Step A, a re-determining process of the threshold voltage measuring module: the fifth transistor will be the fourth node under the control of the lighting control end Connected to the second power source, the threshold voltage measuring module charges the second capacitor using the third power source under the control of the third scanning end; step B, the threshold voltage measuring process: the second scanning end configures the driving transistor to The diode is connected, and the third node and the fifth node are connected; the second capacitor is discharged until the driving transistor and the organic light emitting diode are turned off; step C, the data voltage writing process: the first scanning end controls the data voltage The storage module obtains the data voltage from the data signal end, and the data voltage is stored in the first capacitor; in step D, the illumination display process: the illumination control terminal controls the fifth transistor to turn off, causing the fourth node to float, thereby causing the data to be The first capacitor of the voltage storage module, the second capacitor of the threshold voltage measuring module, and the voltage of the reference power source are connected in series to the first node to form a driving power , Under the control of the driving transistor control terminal of the light emission driving voltage of the first node into the drive current driving the OLED.
本發明OLED像素補償電路的OLED像素驅動方法的進一步改進在於:OLED像素補償電路處於補償過程時流過有機發光二極體的電流小於有機發光二極體的最小發光電流。 A further improvement of the OLED pixel driving method of the OLED pixel compensation circuit of the present invention is that the current flowing through the organic light emitting diode when the OLED pixel compensation circuit is in the compensation process is smaller than the minimum light emitting current of the organic light emitting diode.
本發明的技術方案中將OLED像素驅動電路中的一部分元件設置於像素區域外部,這種做法可以減少像素區域內部像素補償電路佔據的面積,可以有效提高像素的開口率。像素區域內部的原件數量減少之後可以降低OLED面板在佈局佈線過程中的難度,防止因為採用過 細的信號線導致的信號電壓下降。並且本發明的OLED像素驅動電路配合本發明的OLED像素驅動方法可以補償閥值電壓變化導致的OLED面板亮度不均勻的問題,進一步的本發明的OLED像素驅動電路還可補償有機發光二極體器件老化導致的發光效率下降的問題。 In the technical solution of the present invention, a part of components in the OLED pixel driving circuit are disposed outside the pixel region, which can reduce the area occupied by the pixel compensation circuit inside the pixel region, and can effectively increase the aperture ratio of the pixel. The number of originals inside the pixel area is reduced, which can reduce the difficulty of the OLED panel in the layout process, and prevent the use of the OLED panel. The signal voltage caused by the thin signal line drops. Moreover, the OLED pixel driving circuit of the present invention can compensate for the problem of uneven brightness of the OLED panel caused by the threshold voltage variation, and the OLED pixel driving circuit of the present invention can also compensate the organic light emitting diode device. The problem of decreased luminous efficiency caused by aging.
有關本發明為達成上述目的,所採用之技術、手段及其他之功效,茲舉一較佳可行實施例並配合圖式詳細說明如後。 The present invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments of the present invention in accordance with the accompanying drawings.
〔本發明〕 〔this invention〕
10‧‧‧負載驅動模組 10‧‧‧Load Drive Module
20‧‧‧閥值電壓測量模組 20‧‧‧ threshold voltage measurement module
30‧‧‧資料電壓存儲模組 30‧‧‧Data Voltage Storage Module
C1‧‧‧第一電容 C 1 ‧‧‧first capacitor
Cout‧‧‧第二電容 C out ‧‧‧second capacitor
DL‧‧‧資料信號端 D L ‧‧‧data signal end
Sn‧‧‧第一掃描端 S n ‧‧‧first scanning end
Sn-1‧‧‧第二掃描端 S n-1 ‧‧‧second scanning end
Sn-2‧‧‧第三掃描端 S n-2 ‧‧‧ third scanning end
S2‧‧‧發光控制端 S 2 ‧‧‧Lighting control terminal
T1‧‧‧第一電晶體 T 1 ‧‧‧first transistor
T2‧‧‧第二電晶體 T 2 ‧‧‧second transistor
T3‧‧‧第三電晶體 T 3 ‧‧‧ third transistor
T4‧‧‧第四電晶體 T 4 ‧‧‧fourth transistor
T5‧‧‧第五電晶體 T 5 ‧‧‧ fifth transistor
T6‧‧‧第六電晶體 T 6 ‧‧‧ sixth transistor
T7‧‧‧第七電晶體 T 7 ‧‧‧ seventh transistor
T8‧‧‧驅動電晶體 T 8 ‧‧‧ drive transistor
Ued‧‧‧兩端電壓 U ed ‧‧‧ voltage at both ends
VDDH‧‧‧第一電源 V DDH ‧‧‧First power supply
VSS‧‧‧第二電源 V SS ‧‧‧second power supply
VDDL‧‧‧第三電源 V DDL ‧‧‧third power supply
Vr‧‧‧參考電源 V r ‧‧‧reference power supply
Vth‧‧‧閥值電壓 V th ‧‧‧ threshold voltage
Vth_OLED‧‧‧有機發光二極體OLED的閥值電壓 V th_OLED ‧‧‧ threshold voltage of organic light-emitting diode OLED
a‧‧‧第一節點 A‧‧‧first node
b‧‧‧第二節點 B‧‧‧second node
c‧‧‧第三節點 C‧‧‧third node
d‧‧‧第四節點 D‧‧‧fourth node
e‧‧‧第五節點 E‧‧‧ fifth node
圖1 為本發明的OLED像素補償電路的電路圖;圖2 為本發明OLED像素驅動方法中像素補償電路的驅動信號的時序圖;圖3 為本發明OLED像素驅動方法中OLED像素補償電路處於第一電容充電過程時的電路狀態圖;圖4 為本發明OLED像素驅動方法中OLED像素補償電路處於補償過程時的電路狀態圖;圖5 為本發明OLED像素驅動方法中OLED像素補償電路處於資料電壓寫入過程時的電路狀態圖;圖6 為本發明OLED像素驅動方法中OLED像素補償電路處於發光顯示過程時的電路狀態圖。 1 is a circuit diagram of an OLED pixel compensation circuit of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a timing diagram of a driving signal of a pixel compensation circuit in the OLED pixel driving method of the present invention; FIG. 3 is the first OLED pixel compensation circuit in the OLED pixel driving method of the present invention; The circuit state diagram of the capacitor charging process; FIG. 4 is a circuit state diagram of the OLED pixel compensation circuit in the OLED pixel driving method in the compensation process; FIG. 5 is the OLED pixel compensation circuit in the OLED pixel driving method of the present invention. Circuit state diagram during the process; FIG. 6 is a circuit state diagram of the OLED pixel compensation circuit in the OLED pixel driving method in the process of illuminating display.
為使 貴審查委員對本發明之目的、特徵及功效能夠有更進一步之瞭解與認識,以下茲請配合【圖式簡單說明】詳述如後: 本發明OLED像素補償電路和OLED像素驅動方法的較佳實施例如圖1所示,在本實施例中OLED像素補償電路包括:包括:負載驅動模組10、閥值電壓測量模組20以及資料電壓存儲模組30,其中:閥值電壓測量模組20和第二掃描端Sn-1、發光控制端S2、第三掃描端Sn-2、第三電源VDDL以及負載驅動模組10連接,閥值電壓測量模組20用於在第二掃描端Sn-1的控制下測量並存儲負載驅動模組10的閥值電壓;資料電壓存儲模組30和第一掃描端Sn、資料信號端DL、閥值電壓測量模20塊以及負載驅動模組10連接。資料電壓存儲模組30受控於第一掃描端Sn接收並存儲資料信號端DL輸出的資料電壓;負載驅動模組10與發光控制端S2連接,負載驅動模組10受控於發光控制端S2將接收自資料電壓存儲模組30的電壓信號轉換為驅動有機光二極體的驅動電流;上述模組中:負載驅動模組10以及資料電壓存儲模組位元30於像素區域內部;閥值電壓測量模組30位於像素區域外部。 In order to enable your review committee to have a better understanding and understanding of the purpose, features and effects of the present invention, please refer to the following [detailed description of the drawings] as follows: Comparison of the OLED pixel compensation circuit and the OLED pixel driving method of the present invention For example, as shown in FIG. 1 , in the embodiment, the OLED pixel compensation circuit includes: a load driving module 10 , a threshold voltage measuring module 20 , and a data voltage storage module 30 , wherein: the threshold voltage measuring module 20 is connected to the second scanning end S n-1 , the illumination control terminal S 2 , the third scanning end S n-2 , the third power source V DDL and the load driving module 10 , and the threshold voltage measuring module 20 is used in the The threshold voltage of the load driving module 10 is measured and stored under the control of the second scanning end Sn -1 ; the data voltage storage module 30 and the first scanning end S n , the data signal terminal D L , and the threshold voltage measuring module 20 blocks And the load driving module 10 is connected. The data voltage storage module 30 is controlled by the first scanning end S n to receive and store the data voltage outputted by the data signal terminal D L ; the load driving module 10 is connected to the light emitting control terminal S 2 , and the load driving module 10 is controlled by the light emitting The control terminal S 2 converts the voltage signal received from the data voltage storage module 30 into a driving current for driving the organic light diode. In the above module, the load driving module 10 and the data voltage storage module bit 30 are inside the pixel area. The threshold voltage measurement module 30 is located outside the pixel area.
如圖1所示,負載驅動模組10包括驅動電晶體T8、第二電晶體T2以及第三電晶體T3;其中:驅動電晶體T8的閘極連接於第一節點a,其源極連接於第三節點c;第二電晶體T2的源極和汲極分別連接於驅動電晶體T8的閘極和汲極,其閘極連接於第二掃描端Sn-1,當第二掃描端Sn-1輸出信號有效時,驅動電晶體T8被配置成二極體連接方式;第三電晶體T3的閘極連接於發光控制端S2,其汲極連接於第一電源VDDH,其源極連接於第三節點c;當發光控制端S2的輸出信號有效時,驅動電晶體T8將第一節點a的電壓轉化為驅動有機發光二極體的驅動電流。驅動電晶體T8的源極連接於有機發光二極體的陽極,有機發光二極體的陰極連接 於第二電源。驅動電晶體T8用於將驅動電壓轉換為有機發光二極體的驅動電流。 As shown in FIG. 1 , the load driving module 10 includes a driving transistor T 8 , a second transistor T 2 , and a third transistor T 3 ; wherein: the gate of the driving transistor T 8 is connected to the first node a, The source is connected to the third node c; the source and the drain of the second transistor T 2 are respectively connected to the gate and the drain of the driving transistor T 8 , and the gate thereof is connected to the second scanning end Sn -1 . when the second end of the scanning output signals S n 1-valid, the driving transistor T. 8 is configured to diode connection; third transistor T 3 is connected to a brake light emission control terminal S 2, which is connected to the drain a first power source V DDH whose source is connected to the third node c; when the output signal of the light-emitting control terminal S 2 is valid, the driving transistor T 8 converts the voltage of the first node a into a driving for driving the organic light-emitting diode Current. The source of the driving transistor T 8 is connected to the anode of the organic light emitting diode, and the cathode of the organic light emitting diode is connected to the second power source. The driving transistor T 8 is used to convert the driving voltage into a driving current of the organic light emitting diode.
如圖1所示,資料電壓存儲模組30包括第一電晶體T1以及第一電容C1;第一電容C1的一端連接於第一節點a,其另一端連接於第四節點d;第一電晶體T1的源極連接於第一節點a,其汲極連接於資料信號端DL,其閘極連接於第一掃描端Sn;從資料信號端DL接收到的資料電壓存儲於第一電容C1中。 As shown in Figure 1, the data voltage storage module 30 includes a first transistor T 1 and a first capacitor C 1 ; one end of the first capacitor C 1 is connected to the first node a, the other end is connected to the fourth node d; The first transistor T 1 has a source connected to the first node a, a drain connected to the data signal terminal D L , and a gate connected to the first scanning terminal S n ; and a data voltage received from the data signal terminal D L Stored in the first capacitor C 1 .
如圖1所示,閥值電壓測量模組20包括第二電容Cout、第四電晶體T4、第五電晶體T5、第六電晶體T6以及第七電晶體T7;第四電晶體T4的閘極連接於第二掃描端Sn-1,其源極連接於第三節點c,其汲極連接於第五節點e;第五電晶體T5的閘極連接於發光控制端Sn,其源極連接於該第四節點d,其汲極連接於第二電源VSS,第四節點d和第五節點e之間跨接有第二電容Cout;第六電晶體T6的閘極連接於發光控制端S2,其源極連接於第五節點e,其汲極連接於參考電源Vr;第七電晶體T7的閘極連接於第三掃描端Sn-2,其汲極連接於第三電源VDDL,其源極連接於第五節點e;第二電容Cout用於存儲從負載驅動模組10觀測到的閥值電壓。 As shown in FIG. 1, the threshold voltage measuring module 20 includes a second capacitor C out , a fourth transistor T 4 , a fifth transistor T 5 , a sixth transistor T 6 , and a seventh transistor T 7 ; The gate of the transistor T 4 is connected to the second scanning end Sn -1 , the source thereof is connected to the third node c, the drain thereof is connected to the fifth node e; the gate of the fifth transistor T 5 is connected to the light emitting The control terminal S n has a source connected to the fourth node d, a drain connected to the second power source V SS , and a second capacitor C out connected between the fourth node d and the fifth node e; The gate of the crystal T 6 is connected to the light-emitting control terminal S 2 , the source thereof is connected to the fifth node e, the drain thereof is connected to the reference power source V r , and the gate of the seventh transistor T 7 is connected to the third scan terminal S N-2 , the drain is connected to the third power source V DDL , the source thereof is connected to the fifth node e, and the second capacitor C out is used for storing the threshold voltage observed from the load driving module 10.
如圖1所示,第一電晶體T1,第二電晶體T2,第三電晶體T3,第一電容C1以及驅動電晶體T8位於像素區域內部。第四電晶體T4,第五電晶體T5,第六電晶體T6,第七電晶體T7以及第二電容Cout位於像素區域外部。將一部分構成像素補償電路的元件設置於像素區域外側的做法可以減少像素區域內部像素補償電路佔據的面積,可以有效提高像素的開口率。像素區域內部的原件數量減少之後可以降低OLED面板在佈 局佈線過程中的難度,因此在佈線的過程中可以採用更寬的信號線進而防止因為採用過細的信號線導致的信號電壓下降。 1, a first transistor T 1, a second transistor T 2, a third transistor T 3, the first capacitor C 1, and the driving transistor T 8 is located inside the pixel region. The fourth transistor T 4 , the fifth transistor T 5 , the sixth transistor T 6 , the seventh transistor T 7 , and the second capacitor C out are located outside the pixel region. Setting a part of the components constituting the pixel compensation circuit outside the pixel area can reduce the area occupied by the pixel compensation circuit inside the pixel area, and can effectively increase the aperture ratio of the pixel. The reduction in the number of originals inside the pixel area can reduce the difficulty of the OLED panel in the layout process. Therefore, a wider signal line can be used in the wiring process to prevent a decrease in signal voltage due to the use of a thin signal line.
如圖1所示,第一電源VDDH為正電源,第二電源VSS接地。第三電源VDDL以及參考電源Vr的電壓值為給定值,並且這個給定值小於第一電源VDDH的電壓大於第二電源VSS的電壓。並且第三電源VDDL的電壓值大於驅動電晶體T8的閥值電壓Vth與有機發光二極體OLED的閥值電壓Vth_OLED之和。 As shown in FIG. 1, the first power source V DDH is a positive power source, and the second power source V SS is grounded. The voltage values of the third power source V DDL and the reference power source V r are given values, and the voltage of the given value smaller than the first power source V DDH is greater than the voltage of the second power source V SS . And a third power supply voltage value of V DDL driving transistor T is larger than the threshold voltage V th OLED and OLED 8 is the sum of the threshold voltage V th_OLED.
如圖2所示,本實施例的OLED像素驅動方法透過第一掃描端Sn,第二掃描端Sn-1,第三掃描端Sn-2以及發光控制端S2控制OLED像素補償電路中的電晶體按照預定的時序導通或者關斷以達到控制OLED發光的目的。本實施例的方法包括以下四個步驟:步驟A,閥值電壓測量模組20的充電過程:對應圖2中t1狀態,此時第五電晶體T5導通,導致第四節點d連接於第二電源VSS,另一方面閥值電壓測量模組20將第三電源VDDL連接於第五節點e,此時第三電源VDDL向第二電容Cout充電;步驟B,閥值電壓補償過程:對應圖2中t2狀態,此時驅動電晶體T8呈二極體接法,負載驅動模組10將第三節點c連接於第五節點e,第二電容Cout放電直到驅動電晶體T8或有機發光二極體關斷;步驟C,資料電壓寫入過程:對應圖2中t3狀態,資料信號端DL向資料電壓存儲模組30寫入資料電壓,資料電壓存儲於第一電容C1中; 步驟D,發光顯示過程:對應圖2中t4狀態,發光控制端S2的信號有效導致第四節點d的電壓浮空,此時第一電容C1、第二電容Cout以及參考電源Vr的電壓疊加至驅動電晶體T8的閘極,此時驅動電晶體處於飽和區,流過驅動電晶體T8的源極和閘極的電流驅動有機發光二極體發光。 2, the OLED pixel driving method according to the present embodiment through a first embodiment of the scanning end S n, the second scan end S n-1, n-2 and the light emitting end of the third control terminal S S 2 scan control OLED pixel compensation circuit The transistor in the middle is turned on or off according to a predetermined timing to achieve the purpose of controlling the illumination of the OLED. The method of the present embodiment comprises the following four steps: Step A, the threshold voltage of the charging process measurement module 20 is: t 1 corresponds to the state in FIG. 2, when the fifth transistor T 5 is turned on, the fourth node d is connected to the lead The second power source V SS , on the other hand, the threshold voltage measuring module 20 connects the third power source V DDL to the fifth node e, and at this time, the third power source V DDL charges the second capacitor C out ; Step B, the threshold voltage Compensation process: corresponding to the t 2 state in FIG. 2, at this time, the driving transistor T 8 is in a diode connection, the load driving module 10 connects the third node c to the fifth node e, and the second capacitor C out is discharged until driving. The transistor T 8 or the organic light emitting diode is turned off; the step C, the data voltage writing process: corresponding to the t 3 state in FIG. 2, the data signal terminal D L writes the data voltage to the data voltage storage module 30, and the data voltage is stored. In the first capacitor C 1 ; Step D, the light-emitting display process: corresponding to the state of t 4 in FIG. 2, the signal of the light-emitting control terminal S 2 is effective to cause the voltage of the fourth node d to float, and the first capacitor C 1 , two capacitors C out, and a reference power source voltage V r is superimposed to the driving transistor T gate electrode 8 At this time, the driving transistor in the saturation region, the driving transistor T flows through the current source 8 and the gate electrode of the driving OLED to emit light.
如圖2和圖3所示,當OLED像素補償電路處於,閥值電壓測量模組20的充電過程時第一掃描端Sn,第二掃描端Sn-1以及發光控制端S2均為低電平,第三掃描端Sn-2為高電平。此時受第一掃描端Sn控制第一電晶體T1關斷;受第二掃描端Sn-1控制的第二電晶體T2、第四電晶體T4關斷;受第三掃描端Sn-2控制的第七電晶體T7導通;受發光控制端S2控制的第五電晶體T5導通,第六電晶體T6以及第三電晶體T3關斷。 As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, when the OLED pixel compensation circuit is in the charging process of the threshold voltage measuring module 20, the first scanning end S n , the second scanning end Sn -1 and the illumination control end S 2 are both Low level, the third scanning end Sn -2 is at a high level. At this time, the first scan by a first control terminal S n transistor T is turned off. 1; a second transistor second terminal S n-1 scan controlled by T 2, the fourth transistor T is turned off. 4; the third scan by The seventh transistor T 7 controlled by the terminal S n-2 is turned on; the fifth transistor T 5 controlled by the light-emitting control terminal S 2 is turned on, and the sixth transistor T 6 and the third transistor T 3 are turned off.
當OLED像素補償電路處於閥值電壓測量模組20的充電過程時,由於第五電晶體T5以及第七電晶體T7導通從第三電源VDDL、第五節點e、第四節點d至第二電源VSS之間形成一條通路。處於上述通路中第五節點e、第四節點d之間的第二電容Cout被充電,又由於其他電晶體均處於關斷狀態所以在第五電晶體T5以及第七電晶體T7導通壓降忽略不計的情況下第二電容Cout充電完成時兩端的電壓為VDDL-VSS。 When the OLED pixel compensation circuit is in the charging process of the threshold voltage measuring module 20, since the fifth transistor T 5 and the seventh transistor T 7 are turned on from the third power source V DDL , the fifth node e , and the fourth node d A path is formed between the second power sources V SS . The second capacitor C out between the fifth node e and the fourth node d in the above path is charged, and the fifth transistor T 5 and the seventh transistor T 7 are turned on because the other transistors are all in the off state. When the voltage drop is negligible, the voltage across the second capacitor C out is completed as V DDL -V SS .
如圖2和圖4所述,當OLED像素補償電路處於閥值電壓補償過程時第一掃描端Sn,第三掃描端Sn-2以及發光控制端S2均為低電平,第二掃描端Sn-1為高電平。此時受第一掃描端Sn控制第一電晶體T1關斷;受第二掃描端Sn-1控制的第二電晶體T2、第四電晶體T4導通;受第三掃描 端Sn-2控制的第七電晶體T7關斷;受發光控制端S2控制的第五電晶體T5導通,第六電晶體T6以及第三電晶體T3關斷。 As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 4, when the OLED pixel compensation circuit is in the threshold voltage compensation process, the first scanning end S n , the third scanning end S n-2 and the illumination control terminal S 2 are both low level, second The scanning terminal Sn -1 is at a high level. At this time, the first scan by a first control terminal S n transistor T is turned off. 1; a second transistor second terminal S n-1 scan controlled by T 2, T. 4 of the fourth transistor is turned on; SUBJECTED third scan The seventh transistor T 7 controlled by S n-2 is turned off; the fifth transistor T 5 controlled by the light-emission control terminal S 2 is turned on, and the sixth transistor T 6 and the third transistor T 3 are turned off.
當OLED像素補償電路處於閥值電壓補償過程時,由於第一電晶體T1關斷,第二電晶體T2導通,此時第一節點a和第二節點b的電壓相等並且驅動電晶體T8處於二極體接法,所謂二極體接法就是驅動電晶體T8的閘極和汲極短接。此時第二電晶體T2、第四電晶體T4以及第五電晶體T5導通其他電晶體關斷,因此在第二電源VSS、第四節點d、第五節點e、第三節點c、第二節點b以及第二電源VSS之間形成一條環路。由於第二電容Cout在第二電容充電過程中充入數值為VDDL-VSS的電壓,所以此時第二電容Cout在上述環路中放電。上述環路的導通條件為:第三節點c和第二節點b之間的電勢差Ucb大於驅動電晶體T8的閥值電壓Vth並且第二節點b和第二電源VSS之間的電勢差大於有機發光二極體OLED的閥值電壓Vth_OLED。第二電容Cout沿上述環路放電過程中其兩端電壓不斷減少,直到其兩端電壓Ued不能維持驅動電晶體T8以及機發光二極體OLED導通為止。綜上所述,第二電容Cout放電完成時其兩端電壓Ued=Vth+Vth_OLED。另外為了防止在補償過程中有機發光二極體OLED發光VDDL的電壓值不能過大以致於OLED在補償過程中發光。 When the OLED pixel compensation circuit is in the threshold voltage compensation process, since the first transistor T 1 is turned off, the second transistor T 2 is turned on, at which time the voltages of the first node a and the second node b are equal and the transistor T is driven. 8 is in the diode connection, the so-called diode connection is to drive the transistor T 8 of the gate and the drain is shorted. At this time, the second transistor T 2 , the fourth transistor T 4 , and the fifth transistor T 5 are turned on by other transistors, so that the second power source V SS , the fourth node d, the fifth node e, and the third node are c. A loop is formed between the second node b and the second power source V SS . Since the second capacitor C out is charged with a voltage of V DDL -V SS during the second capacitor charging process, the second capacitor C out is discharged in the above loop at this time. Conducting condition of the loop is: the potential difference between the third node and the second node b c Ucb difference is greater than the threshold voltage of the driving transistor T V th 8 and the potential difference between the node b and the second power is greater than V SS The threshold voltage V th — OLED of the organic light emitting diode OLED. The voltage of both ends of the second capacitor C out decreases along the above-mentioned loop discharge process until the voltage U ed at both ends thereof cannot maintain the driving transistor T 8 and the organic light emitting diode OLED to be turned on. In summary, when the second capacitor C out is discharged, the voltage across it is U ed =V th +V th_OLED . In addition, in order to prevent the voltage value of the organic light-emitting diode OLED light-emitting V DDL from being excessive during the compensation process, the OLED emits light during the compensation process.
如圖2和圖5所述,當OLED像素補償電路處於資料電壓寫入過程時第一掃描端Sn,第二掃描端Sn-1以及發光控制端S2均為低電平,第三掃描端Sn-2為高電平。此時受第一掃描端Sn控制第一電晶體T1導通;受第二掃描端Sn-1控制的第二電晶體T2、第四電晶體T4關斷;受第三掃描 端Sn-2控制的第七電晶體T7關斷;受發光控制端S2控制的第五電晶體T5導通,第六電晶體T6以及第三電晶體T3關斷。 As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 5, when the OLED pixel compensation circuit is in the data voltage writing process, the first scanning end S n , the second scanning end Sn -1 and the illumination control terminal S 2 are both low level, and the third The scanning terminal Sn -2 is at a high level. At this time, the first scan by a first control terminal S n transistor T is turned on. 1; a second transistor second terminal S n-1 scan controlled by T 2, the fourth transistor T is turned off. 4; SUBJECTED third scan The seventh transistor T 7 controlled by S n-2 is turned off; the fifth transistor T 5 controlled by the light-emission control terminal S 2 is turned on, and the sixth transistor T 6 and the third transistor T 3 are turned off.
當OLED像素補償電路處於資料電壓寫入過程時,由於第一電晶體T1、第五電晶體T5導通並且其他電晶體關斷,所以在資料信號端DL、第一節點a、第四節點b以及第二電源VSS之間形成通路。串接於上述通路中的第一電容C1被充電,第一電容C1充電完成時其兩端的電壓Uab為資料信號端電壓VDL和第二電源VSS的電勢差VDL-VSS。在資料電壓寫入過程中,由於第四電晶體T4、第六電晶體T6以及第七電晶體T7關斷,所以第二電容Cout處於浮空狀態,在資料電壓寫入過程中第二電容Cout兩端的電壓不改變。 When the OLED pixel compensation circuit is in the data voltage writing process, since the first transistor T 1 and the fifth transistor T 5 are turned on and the other transistors are turned off, at the data signal terminal D L , the first node a, the fourth A path is formed between the node b and the second power source V SS . Connected in series with the passage of the first capacitor C 1 is charged, the voltage across the first capacitor C 1 to charge completion Uab voltage VDL electrical data signal and a second power supply terminal V SS potential difference V DL -V SS. During the data voltage writing process, since the fourth transistor T 4 , the sixth transistor T 6 , and the seventh transistor T 7 are turned off, the second capacitor C out is in a floating state during the data voltage writing process. The voltage across the second capacitor Cout does not change.
如圖2和圖6所述,當OLED像素補償電路處於發光顯示過程時第一掃描端Sn,第二掃描端Sn-1以及均為低電平,第三掃描端Sn-2發光控制端S2為高電平。此時受第一掃描端Sn控制第一電晶體T1關斷;受第二掃描端Sn-1控制的第二電晶體T2、第四電晶體T4關斷;受第三掃描端Sn-2控制的第七電晶體T7關斷;受發光控制端S2控制的第五電晶體T5關斷,第六電晶體T6以及第三電晶體T3導通。 As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 6, when the OLED pixel compensation circuit is in the illuminating display process, the first scanning end S n , the second scanning end Sn -1 and both are low level, and the third scanning end Sn -2 illuminates. The control terminal S 2 is at a high level. At this time, the first scan by a first control terminal S n transistor T is turned off. 1; a second transistor second terminal S n-1 scan controlled by T 2, the fourth transistor T is turned off. 4; the third scan by The seventh transistor T 7 controlled by the terminal S n-2 is turned off; the fifth transistor T 5 controlled by the light-emission control terminal S 2 is turned off, and the sixth transistor T 6 and the third transistor T 3 are turned on.
當OLED像素補償電路處於發光顯示過程時,由於第六電晶體T6以及第三電晶體T3導通其他電晶體關斷,在OLED像素補償電路中形成兩條通路:通路1從V-DDH、第三節點c、第二節點b至第二電源VSS;通路2從參考電源Vr、第五節點e、第四節點d至第一節點a。對於通路1,如果驅動電晶體T8的閘極電壓Va和第一電源VDDH電壓差值大於驅動電晶體T8的閥值電壓Vth時驅動電晶體T8導通。由於有機發光二極體 OLED和驅動電晶體T8串接,所以流過機發光二極體OLED的電流等於流過驅動電晶體T8第一極(汲極)和第二極(源極)之間的電流。綜上所述,當驅動電晶體T8導通時流過機發光二極體OLED的電流和第一節點a的電壓Va滿足如下關係:IOLED=0.5μpCOX(W/L)(VDDH-Va-Vth)2 (式1.1) When the OLED pixel compensation circuit is in the illuminating display process, since the sixth transistor T 6 and the third transistor T 3 turn on other transistors to turn off, two paths are formed in the OLED pixel compensation circuit: the path 1 is from V-DDH, The third node c, the second node b to the second power source V SS ; the path 2 is from the reference power source V r , the fifth node e, and the fourth node d to the first node a. For driving transistor T path 1, if the driving transistor T 8 of the gate voltage V a and the first supply voltage V DDH difference is greater than the threshold voltage V th of the driving transistor T 8 8 turned on. Since the organic light emitting diode OLED and the driving transistor T 8 are connected in series, the current flowing through the organic light emitting diode OLED is equal to flowing through the first pole (drain) and the second pole (source) of the driving transistor T 8 . The current between. In summary, when the driving transistor T 8 is turned on, the current flowing through the organic light emitting diode OLED and the voltage V a of the first node a satisfy the following relationship: I OLED = 0.5 μ p C OX (W/L) (V) DDH -V a -V th ) 2 (Formula 1.1)
另外串接於通路2的第一電容C1、第二電容Cout以及參考電源疊加至第一節點a,由此得出第一節點a處的電壓Va:Va=Vr-Vth-Vth_OLED+VDL (式1.2) In addition, the first capacitor C 1 , the second capacitor C out , and the reference power source connected in series with the path 2 are superimposed on the first node a, thereby obtaining the voltage V a at the first node a : V a =V r -V th -V th_OLED +V DL (Equation 1.2)
將式1.2帶入式1.1可得:IOLED=0.5μpCOX(W/L)(VDDH-Vr+Vth_OLED-VDL)2 (式1.3) Bringing Equation 1.2 into Equation 1.1 gives: I OLED = 0.5μ p C OX (W/L) (V DDH -V r +V th_OLED -V DL ) 2 (Equation 1.3)
從式1.3可知流過有機發光二極體OLED的電流IOLED和VDDH、Vr、Vth_OLED以及VDL有關和驅動電晶體T8的閥值電壓Vth無關,而有機發光二極體OLED的亮度由流過有機發光二極體OLED的電流IOLED決定,所以透過本發明OLED像素補償電路的補償之後可以消除驅動電晶體T8的閥值電壓Vth的誤差對機發光二極體OLED的影響。另外有機發光二極體OLED長時間使用後會發生器件老化,伴隨器件老化會產生閥值電壓Vth_OLED上升、發光效率下降等問題,而在本實施例中IOLED的運算式中還包含Vth_OLED項,Vth_OLED的上升可以使IOLED增長,增長的電流可以用來補償下降的發光效率,從而解決器件老化導致的發光效率下降的問題。 It can be seen from Equation 1.3 that the current I OLED flowing through the organic light emitting diode OLED and V DDH , V r , V th — OLED and V DL are independent of the threshold voltage V th of the driving transistor T 8 , and the organic light emitting diode OLED is related. The brightness is determined by the current I OLED flowing through the organic light emitting diode OLED, so that the error of the threshold voltage V th of the driving transistor T 8 can be eliminated after the compensation of the OLED pixel compensation circuit of the present invention. Impact. In addition, the aging of the organic light-emitting diode OLED may occur after a long period of use, and the aging of the device may cause problems such as an increase in the threshold voltage V th — OLED and a decrease in luminous efficiency. In the embodiment, the operational expression of the I OLED further includes V th — OLED . As a result, the rise of V th — OLED can cause the I OLED to grow, and the increased current can be used to compensate for the reduced luminous efficiency, thereby solving the problem of reduced luminous efficiency caused by device aging.
以上結合附圖實施例對本發明進行了詳細說明,本領域中普通技術人員可根據上述說明對本發明做出種種變化例。因而,實施例 中的某些細節不應構成對本發明的限定,本發明將以所附權利要求書界定的範圍作為本發明的保護範圍。 The present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the embodiments of the drawings, and various modifications of the invention can be made by those skilled in the art in light of the above description. Thus, the embodiment The details of the invention are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
由上述得知本發明確實符合「具有產業可利用性」、「新穎性」、「進步性」,爰依法提出發明專利申請,祈請惠予審查並早日賜准專利,實感德便。 From the above, it is known that the present invention truly conforms to "industrial availability," "novelty," and "progressiveness", and submits an invention patent application in accordance with the law, praying for review and early granting of a patent, and it is truly sensible.
10‧‧‧負載驅動模組 10‧‧‧Load Drive Module
20‧‧‧閥值電壓測量模組 20‧‧‧ threshold voltage measurement module
30‧‧‧資料電壓存儲模組 30‧‧‧Data Voltage Storage Module
C1‧‧‧第一電容 C 1 ‧‧‧first capacitor
Cout‧‧‧第二電容 C out ‧‧‧second capacitor
Sn‧‧‧第一掃描端 S n ‧‧‧first scanning end
Sn-1‧‧‧第二掃描端 S n-1 ‧‧‧second scanning end
Sn-2‧‧‧第三掃描端 S n-2 ‧‧‧ third scanning end
S2‧‧‧發光控制端 S 2 ‧‧‧Lighting control terminal
T1‧‧‧第一電晶體 T 1 ‧‧‧first transistor
T2‧‧‧第二電晶體 T 2 ‧‧‧second transistor
T3‧‧‧第三電晶體 T 3 ‧‧‧ third transistor
T4‧‧‧第四電晶體 T 4 ‧‧‧fourth transistor
T5‧‧‧第五電晶體 T 5 ‧‧‧ fifth transistor
T6‧‧‧第六電晶體 T 6 ‧‧‧ sixth transistor
T7‧‧‧第七電晶體 T 7 ‧‧‧ seventh transistor
T8‧‧‧驅動電晶體 T 8 ‧‧‧ drive transistor
VDDH‧‧‧第一電源 V DDH ‧‧‧First power supply
VSS‧‧‧第二電源 V SS ‧‧‧second power supply
VDDL‧‧‧第三電源 V DDL ‧‧‧third power supply
Vr‧‧‧參考電源 V r ‧‧‧reference power supply
a‧‧‧第一節點 A‧‧‧first node
b‧‧‧第二節點 B‧‧‧second node
c‧‧‧第三節點 C‧‧‧third node
d‧‧‧第四節點 D‧‧‧fourth node
e‧‧‧第五節點 E‧‧‧ fifth node
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