TWI554323B - Filter - Google Patents
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- TWI554323B TWI554323B TW105114790A TW105114790A TWI554323B TW I554323 B TWI554323 B TW I554323B TW 105114790 A TW105114790 A TW 105114790A TW 105114790 A TW105114790 A TW 105114790A TW I554323 B TWI554323 B TW I554323B
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Description
本發明係與濾心有關。 The invention is related to the filter.
按，一般常見之濾心可於內部設置有能量材等可供與水直接接觸並使水帶有能量，使用者可藉由飲用該些水而獲得能量。 According to the general filter element, an energy material or the like can be disposed inside to directly contact water and bring energy to the water, and the user can obtain energy by drinking the water.
然，一般習知的濾心係於內部空間直接設置能量材供使水直接接觸後即輸出，並未加以稀釋，如此一來水的能量濃度將隨著長時間未使用而逐漸上升，倘若一段時間後再取用這些濃度偏高的的水飲用且未經稀釋，則反而會傷害飲用者的身體，造成身體負擔，嚴重者甚至需洗腎，實為得不償失之結果。 However, the conventional filter is designed to directly supply energy materials in the internal space for direct contact with water, and is not diluted. As a result, the energy concentration of the water will gradually increase with a long period of use, if a section After taking time to take these high-concentration waters for drinking and undiluted, it will hurt the drinker's body and cause the body's burden. In severe cases, even the kidneys need to be washed, which is not the result of gains.
為克服上述問題，業界遂研發出於濾心能量材容器設置一分流閥件，讓進水管輸入的水經由該分流閥平行開設之二流道，分別導入能量區及淨水區，再將能量水與乾淨水於濾心與能量材容器之間混合稀釋沉澱備用，令輸出之能量水濃度不致於過高。前述之技術手段，固然有能量稀釋效果，實際使用仍有其他存在缺點：第一：增設之分流閥會造成濾心成本大幅增加及濾心組成結構轉而複雜；第二：增加之分流閥結構會增加分流閥與能量材容器組裝工序及組裝耗時問題。第三：分流閥之二流道為同一平面設置，使得進入管輸入的水分流經過二流道時會產生氣阻現象，而造成能量水間歇性輸出而無法順暢供水缺點。第四：能量水與乾淨水混合後備存於濾心與能量材容器間，仍會造 成乾淨水之能量略高之風險性。整體而言，有必要提供一種新穎且具有進步性之濾心，以解決上述之問題。 In order to overcome the above problems, the industry has developed a diverter valve for the filter energy material container, so that the water input from the inlet pipe is respectively introduced into the energy channel and the water purification zone through the two flow passages which are opened in parallel by the diverter valve, and then the energy water is further introduced. Mix and dilute the precipitate with clean water between the filter and the energy material container, so that the output energy water concentration is not too high. The above technical means, although there are energy dilution effects, there are still other shortcomings in actual use: First: the addition of the diverter valve will cause a significant increase in the cost of the filter core and the complexity of the filter core structure; Second: the increased diverter valve structure It will increase the assembly process and assembly time of the diverter valve and the energy material container. Thirdly, the two flow passages of the diverter valve are arranged in the same plane, so that the flow of moisture entering the inlet of the pipe will cause a gas barrier phenomenon when passing through the second flow passage, thereby causing intermittent discharge of energy water and failing to smoothly supply water. Fourth: the energy water is mixed with the clean water and stored in the filter and energy material containers. The risk of being a clean water is slightly higher. On the whole, it is necessary to provide a novel and progressive filter to solve the above problems.
本發明之主要目的在於提供一種濾心，可使輸入之水帶有能量，且未帶有能量之水與帶有能量之水係相隔絕並於輸出時才混合稀釋，即使久未使用亦可確保輸出的水能量濃度不會過高。 The main object of the present invention is to provide a filter core which can supply water into the input water, and the water without energy is separated from the water system with energy and mixed and diluted at the output, ensuring that it is ensured even after being used for a long time. The output water energy concentration will not be too high.
為達成上述目的，本發明提供一種濾心，包括：一外筒，設有一入水口及一出水口；一內筒，容置於該外筒中，與該外筒之間形成一與該入水口連通之間隔空間，包括互相流體不連通地相間隔之一第一容室及一第二容室，該第一容室設有一連通該間隔空間及該第一容室內部之第一通口，該第二容室容設有至少一能量材並設有一連通該間隔空間及該第二容室內部之第二通口；一導管，包括一連通該出水口之出口、一連通該第一容室之第一貫孔及一連通該第二容室之第二貫孔。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a filter core, comprising: an outer cylinder, which is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet; an inner cylinder is received in the outer cylinder, and a water inlet is formed between the outer cylinder and the outer cylinder The interconnecting space includes a first chamber and a second chamber which are separated from each other by a fluid, and the first chamber is provided with a first port connecting the space and the first chamber The second chamber is provided with at least one energy material and is provided with a second port connecting the space and the second chamber; a conduit includes an outlet connecting the water outlet, and a communication port a first through hole of the chamber and a second through hole communicating with the second chamber.
1‧‧‧濾心 1‧‧‧ filter heart
2‧‧‧外筒 2‧‧‧Outer tube
20‧‧‧外筒體 20‧‧‧Outer cylinder
21‧‧‧外蓋 21‧‧‧ Cover
22‧‧‧入水口 22‧‧‧ water inlet
23‧‧‧出水口 23‧‧‧Water outlet
24‧‧‧凸肋 24‧‧‧ rib
25‧‧‧肋條 25‧‧‧ Ribs
26‧‧‧定位卡槽 26‧‧‧Locating card slot
27‧‧‧階面 27‧‧‧ step
28‧‧‧倒角 28‧‧‧Chamfering
3‧‧‧內筒 3‧‧‧Inner tube
30‧‧‧間隔空間 30‧‧‧Interval space
31‧‧‧第一容室 31‧‧‧First room
310‧‧‧第一通口 310‧‧‧ first port
320‧‧‧第二通口 320‧‧‧second port
321‧‧‧濾層 321‧‧‧ filter layer
322‧‧‧區隔空間 322‧‧‧Separated space
323‧‧‧能量材 323‧‧‧Energy materials
33‧‧‧隔部 33‧‧‧ partition
34‧‧‧內筒體 34‧‧‧ inner cylinder
340‧‧‧開放端 340‧‧‧open end
35‧‧‧第一蓋體 35‧‧‧First cover
350‧‧‧套管 350‧‧‧ casing
36‧‧‧第二蓋體 36‧‧‧Second cover
360‧‧‧蓋部 360‧‧‧ 盖部
4‧‧‧導管 4‧‧‧ catheter
40‧‧‧第一貫孔 40‧‧‧ first through hole
41‧‧‧第二貫孔 41‧‧‧Second through hole
42‧‧‧出口 42‧‧‧Export
32‧‧‧第二容室 32‧‧‧Second room
圖1為本發明一較佳實施例之立體圖。 1 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
圖2為本發明一較佳實施例之分解圖。 2 is an exploded view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
圖3為本發明一較佳實施例之剖面圖。 Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
圖4及圖5為圖3之局部放大圖。 4 and 5 are partial enlarged views of Fig. 3.
圖6為本發明一較佳實施例之應用示意圖。 FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an application of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
圖7為本發明一較佳實施例之外蓋示意圖。 Figure 7 is a schematic view of a cover of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
圖8為圖7之局部放大示意圖。 Figure 8 is a partial enlarged view of Figure 7.
以下僅以實施例說明本發明可能之實施態樣，然並非用以限制本發明所欲保護之範疇，合先敘明。 The following is a description of the possible embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed.
請參考圖1至8，其顯示本發明之一較佳實施例，本發明之濾心1包括一外筒2、一內筒3及一導管4。 Referring to Figures 1 through 8, there is shown a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The filter element 1 of the present invention comprises an outer cylinder 2, an inner cylinder 3 and a conduit 4.
該外筒2設有一入水口22及一出水口23。該內筒3容置於該外筒2中且與該外筒2之間形成一與該入水口22連通之間隔空間30，該內筒3包括互相流體不連通地相間隔之一第一容室31及一第二容室32，該第一容室31設有一連通該間隔空間30及該第一容室31內部之第一通口310，該第二容室32容設有至少一能量材323並設有一連通該間隔空間30及該第二容室32內部之第二通口320。該導管4包括一連通該出水口23之出口42、一連通該第一容室31之第一貫孔40及一連通該第二容室32之第二貫孔41。藉此，水流於該濾心1可由該第二容室32該至少一能量材323之部分能量，並與由該第一貫孔40進入該導管4內之淨水進行稀釋，可避免因長時間未由該出水口23出水而導致爾後由該濾心1流出的水能量濃度過高而危害人體。 The outer cylinder 2 is provided with a water inlet 22 and a water outlet 23. The inner cylinder 3 is received in the outer cylinder 2 and forms a space 30 with the water inlet 22, and the inner cylinder 3 includes a first space which is separated from each other by fluid. a first chamber 310 and a second chamber 32. The first chamber 31 is provided with a first port 310 connecting the space 30 and the first chamber 31. The second chamber 32 houses at least one The energy material 323 is provided with a second port 320 connecting the space 30 and the inside of the second chamber 32. The duct 4 includes an outlet 42 that communicates with the water outlet 23, a first through hole 40 that communicates with the first chamber 31, and a second through hole 41 that communicates with the second chamber 32. Thereby, the water flowing through the filter core 1 can be partially depleted by the at least one energy material 323 of the second chamber 32, and diluted with the purified water entering the conduit 4 from the first through hole 40, thereby avoiding long The time is not caused by the water outlet 23, and the concentration of water flowing out of the filter core 1 is too high to endanger the human body.
於本實施例中，該內筒3內部橫設有一區隔該第一容室31及該第二容室32之隔部33，該導管4穿過該隔部33、該第一容室31及該第二容室32並位於該內筒3之軸心位置。該內筒3包括一內筒體34、一第一蓋體35及一第二蓋體36，該內筒體34包括二開放端340，該第一及第二蓋體35,36分別蓋設於該二開放端340，該第一及第二蓋體35,36分別設有該第一及第二通口310,320，該第一及第二蓋體35,36分別使該第一及第二容室31,32形成獨立的空間以分裝尚未加能的水與加能的水。 In the embodiment, the inner cylinder 3 is disposed with a partition 33 separating the first chamber 31 and the second chamber 32. The duct 4 passes through the partition 33 and the first chamber 31. And the second chamber 32 is located at the axial center of the inner cylinder 3. The inner cylinder 3 includes an inner cylinder 34, a first cover 35 and a second cover 36. The inner cylinder 34 includes two open ends 340. The first and second covers 35 and 36 are respectively covered. The first and second covers 35, 36 are respectively provided with the first and second openings 310, 320, and the first and second covers 35, 36 respectively make the first and second The chambers 31, 32 form a separate space for dispensing unfilled water and energized water.
該第一蓋體35包括一與該導管4之出口42連通之套管350，該套管350係套接於該導管4且連通該出水口23，該第二蓋體36設有一蓋部360，該蓋部 360封套於該導管4相對於該出口42之一端。該外筒2之內壁底部設有複數肋條25，該複數肋條25平行於該外筒2之徑向方向，該複數肋條25彼此不相連地圍繞該外筒2之圓心間隔設置且定義一定位卡槽26，該第二蓋體36之蓋部360係抵接該外筒2且嵌卡於該定位卡槽26，該等肋條25與該第二蓋體36之間保有一定距離以避免該等肋條25阻塞該第二通口320。 The first cover 35 includes a sleeve 350 that communicates with the outlet 42 of the conduit 4 . The sleeve 350 is sleeved on the conduit 4 and communicates with the water outlet 23 . The second cover 36 is provided with a cover portion 360 . The cover 360 is sleeved at one end of the conduit 4 relative to the outlet 42. The bottom of the inner wall of the outer cylinder 2 is provided with a plurality of ribs 25 parallel to the radial direction of the outer cylinder 2, and the plurality of ribs 25 are spaced apart from each other around the center of the outer cylinder 2 and define a positioning. The card slot 26, the cover portion 360 of the second cover 36 abuts the outer tube 2 and is embedded in the positioning slot 26, and the ribs 25 and the second cover 36 maintain a certain distance to avoid the The rib 25 blocks the second port 320.
該第二容室32中另可拆卸的橫設有至少一濾層321，該至少一濾層321將該第二容室32區隔為複數區隔空間322，該至少一能量材323容設於至少一該區隔空間322中，增設該濾層321主要係將大容積之該第二容室32阻隔出複數個較小容積之該區隔空間322，藉此讓第二通口320進入的淨水容易翻動能量材323，令淨水與該能量材323表面全面性接觸，獲得最大化之能量材使用、釋放能量目的，同時阻隔出複數小容積區隔空間322更有降低淨水通過之阻力。值得一提的是，該第二貫孔41係與該第二通口320設於同一該區隔空間(更明確來說，係指最底端之該濾層與該第二蓋體之間形成之區隔空間)，藉此防止第二貫孔與該能量材323接觸而導致能量材323阻塞該第二貫孔41。該第二容室32亦可選擇的增設該濾層321以供放置複數該能量材323，例如可於該第二容室32設置二該濾層321，並於該二濾層321分別放置該複數能量材323之一部分。該至少一濾層321被該導管4穿設，該第一蓋體35、該隔部33、各該濾層321及該第二蓋體36皆可助該導管4卡掣定位於該內筒3之中。 The second chamber 32 is further detachably disposed with at least one filter layer 321 , and the at least one filter layer 321 partitions the second chamber 32 into a plurality of compartments 322 , and the at least one energy material 323 is accommodated In at least one of the compartments 322, the additional filter layer 321 is mainly for blocking the large volume of the second chamber 32 from the plurality of smaller volumes of the compartment 322, thereby allowing the second port 320 to enter. The clean water easily flips the energy material 323, so that the clean water is in full contact with the surface of the energy material 323, thereby maximizing the use of energy materials and releasing energy, and blocking the plurality of small volume compartments 322 to reduce the passage of purified water. Resistance. It should be noted that the second through hole 41 is disposed in the same space as the second through port 320 (more specifically, between the bottommost layer and the second cover). The partition space is formed, thereby preventing the second through hole from coming into contact with the energy material 323, causing the energy material 323 to block the second through hole 41. The second chamber 32 can also be optionally provided with the filter layer 321 for placing the plurality of energy materials 323. For example, the filter layer 321 can be disposed in the second chamber 32, and the filter layer 321 can be disposed on the second filter layer 321 respectively. A portion of the plurality of energy materials 323. The at least one filter layer 321 is penetrated by the conduit 4, and the first cover body 35, the partition portion 33, each of the filter layer 321 and the second cover body 36 can assist the catheter 4 to be positioned in the inner tube. Among the three.
較佳地，該第一通口310之口徑小於該第二通口320之口徑且不大於該第二通口320之口徑的二分之一，藉以使水較易流向該第二貫孔41而供流通過該濾層321及該能量材323，並防止由該第二容室32流入該導管4之水被由該第一容室31流入該導管4之水過度稀釋而降低功效。該第一通口310較佳者係為漸縮孔且朝該出水口23方向漸縮，可降低進入該第一容室31之水的流速，避免過多淨水進入該導管4；較佳者，該第二貫孔41之口徑小於該第二通口320之口徑且不大 於該第二通口320之口徑的二分之一，讓由該第二貫孔41進入該導管的流速降低，以增加由該第二通口320導入的淨水與該等能量材323接觸時間延長，讓該等能量材323每個截面皆能與淨水完完全全接觸、釋放出能量，而無該等能量材323釋放不完全之浪費情事發生。 Preferably, the diameter of the first port 310 is smaller than the diameter of the second port 320 and is not more than one-half of the diameter of the second port 320, so that water flows to the second through hole 41 relatively easily. The flow of water through the filter layer 321 and the energy material 323 prevents the water flowing into the conduit 4 from the second chamber 32 from being excessively diluted by the water flowing into the conduit 4 from the first chamber 31 to reduce the efficiency. The first port 310 is preferably a tapered hole and tapers toward the water outlet 23 to reduce the flow rate of water entering the first chamber 31 to prevent excessive clean water from entering the conduit 4; preferably The diameter of the second through hole 41 is smaller than the diameter of the second through hole 320 and is not large. One-half of the diameter of the second port 320 reduces the flow rate of the second through hole 41 into the conduit to increase the contact of the purified water introduced by the second port 320 with the energy material 323. The time is extended, so that each of the energy materials 323 can completely contact the clean water and release the energy, without the waste of the incomplete release of the energy materials 323.
於本實施例中，該外筒2另包括一外筒體20及一外蓋21，該外蓋21同軸地設有該入水口22及該出水口23，該外蓋21具有與該外筒體20相對應之三階面27(至少二)，其中最下層該階面27係由一平坦面及自平坦面外側朝下凸伸之一倒角28。該外蓋21係例如以旋熔結合該外筒體20(即以高速旋轉摩擦之方式使該外蓋21及該外筒體20部分熔化並相互連接)，可使該外蓋21緊密結合該外筒體20且不需設置額外的卡掣結構，該倒角28僅佔平坦面之部分面積，故於旋熔過程中不會影響外蓋之旋轉順暢性，且局部倒角28設計於熔化並且完全接合該外蓋21及該外筒體20，且與平坦面呈一水平切面狀態完全不會造成突兀感。該外蓋21軸向向內凸設有複數凸肋24，該複數凸肋24係圍繞該套管350間隔設置，該等凸肋24具有分流、引導水由該入水口22進入該外筒2之後的流向等作用，可使水均勻的流布至該第一蓋體35之周緣。 In the present embodiment, the outer cylinder 2 further includes an outer cylinder 20 and an outer cover 21, the outer cover 21 is coaxially provided with the water inlet 22 and the water outlet 23, and the outer cover 21 has the outer cylinder The body 20 corresponds to a third-order surface 27 (at least two), wherein the lowermost layer surface 27 is chamfered by a flat surface and a chamfer 28 projecting downward from the outer side of the flat surface. The outer cover 21 is, for example, fused to the outer cylinder 20 (that is, the outer cover 21 and the outer cylinder 20 are partially melted and connected to each other by high-speed rotational friction), so that the outer cover 21 can be tightly coupled to the outer cover 21 The outer cylinder 20 does not need to be provided with an additional cassette structure, and the chamfer 28 only occupies a part of the area of the flat surface, so that the rotation of the outer cover is not affected during the spinning process, and the partial chamfer 28 is designed to be melted. Moreover, the outer cover 21 and the outer cylinder 20 are completely joined, and the horizontally cut surface state with the flat surface does not cause a sudden sensation. The outer cover 21 is axially inwardly convexly provided with a plurality of ribs 24 spaced apart around the sleeve 350. The ribs 24 have a flow dividing and guiding water from the water inlet 22 into the outer cylinder 2 The subsequent flow direction and the like can uniformly distribute the water to the periphery of the first cover 35.
於使用上，該間隔空間30及該第一容室31供尚未加能該能量材323之能量的水容置，該第二容室32供加能該能量材323之能量的水容置，上述兩種水於該導管4之出口42附近進行混合並由該出水口23流出。 In use, the space 30 and the first chamber 31 are provided with water that has not been energized by the energy material 323, and the second chamber 32 is provided with water for energizing the energy material 323. The above two kinds of water are mixed near the outlet 42 of the duct 4 and flow out from the water outlet 23.
於其他實施例中，該導管亦可沿該內筒之筒壁內側或外側設置，又或該導管亦可設於該間隔空間，惟使該導管可連通該第一容室及該第二容室即可；該第一蓋體亦可不設置該套管，而使該導管直接貫穿該第一蓋體亦可；該外筒之複數肋條亦可為例如但不限於圓形等態樣，惟使該等肋條不阻塞該第二蓋體之第二通口即可；該至少一濾層亦可為非可拆卸的固設於該第二容室中；該第一通口之口徑亦可例如但不限為小於該第二通口之口徑的六分之一， 惟使該第一通口之口徑小於該第二通口之口徑即可；該第一通口亦可為非漸縮孔，當然，該第二容室之第二通口亦可為漸縮孔，例如但不限於朝該第二容室方向漸縮，可加快進入該第二容室之水流速；該外蓋及該外筒體亦可為其他例如但不限於使用卡扣等方式相互緊密結合。 In other embodiments, the duct may be disposed along the inner side or the outer side of the inner tube wall, or the duct may be disposed in the space, but the duct may communicate with the first chamber and the second chamber. The first cover may not be provided with the sleeve, and the conduit may directly penetrate the first cover; the plurality of ribs of the outer cylinder may also be, for example, but not limited to, a circular shape. The ribs are not blocked by the second opening of the second cover; the at least one filter layer may also be non-detachably fixed in the second chamber; the diameter of the first port may also be For example, but not limited to less than one sixth of the diameter of the second port, The diameter of the first port is smaller than the diameter of the second port; the first port can also be a non-retracting hole. Of course, the second port of the second chamber can also be tapered. The hole, for example but not limited to being tapered toward the second chamber, can speed up the flow rate of water entering the second chamber; the outer cover and the outer cylinder can also be other such as, but not limited to, using a buckle or the like Closely integrated.
綜上所述，該濾心可將加能的水與未加能的水分開容置，並於該出水口附近予以混合再流出，可防止由該濾心流出之水具有過高之濃度。 In summary, the filter core can separately dispose the energized water and the uncharged water, and mix and then flow out near the water outlet to prevent the water flowing out from the filter core from having an excessively high concentration.
1‧‧‧濾心 1‧‧‧ filter heart
2‧‧‧外筒 2‧‧‧Outer tube
3‧‧‧內筒 3‧‧‧Inner tube
4‧‧‧導管 4‧‧‧ catheter
22‧‧‧入水口 22‧‧‧ water inlet
23‧‧‧出水口 23‧‧‧Water outlet
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW105114790A TWI554323B (en) | 2016-05-12 | 2016-05-12 | Filter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW105114790A TWI554323B (en) | 2016-05-12 | 2016-05-12 | Filter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TWI554323B true TWI554323B (en) | 2016-10-21 |
| TW201739499A TW201739499A (en) | 2017-11-16 |
Family
ID=57848328
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW105114790A TWI554323B (en) | 2016-05-12 | 2016-05-12 | Filter |
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| Country | Link |
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| TW (1) | TWI554323B (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5215660A (en) * | 1992-01-29 | 1993-06-01 | Parker Hannifin Corporation | Filter drier for refrigeration system |
| CN102210952A (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2011-10-12 | 广州大学 | Adsorption filter for tap water |
| CN202358952U (en) * | 2011-12-01 | 2012-08-01 | 韩秉睿 | Adjustment device for filter element with energy water |
| TWM470701U (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2014-01-21 | Tian-Fu Li | Improved filter core structure |
| US9089794B2 (en) * | 2009-04-08 | 2015-07-28 | Biotage Ab | Chromatography column |
| JP2016016381A (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2016-02-01 | トヨタ紡織株式会社 | Oil filter and filter element |
-
2016
- 2016-05-12 TW TW105114790A patent/TWI554323B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5215660A (en) * | 1992-01-29 | 1993-06-01 | Parker Hannifin Corporation | Filter drier for refrigeration system |
| US9089794B2 (en) * | 2009-04-08 | 2015-07-28 | Biotage Ab | Chromatography column |
| CN102210952A (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2011-10-12 | 广州大学 | Adsorption filter for tap water |
| CN202358952U (en) * | 2011-12-01 | 2012-08-01 | 韩秉睿 | Adjustment device for filter element with energy water |
| TWM470701U (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2014-01-21 | Tian-Fu Li | Improved filter core structure |
| JP2016016381A (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2016-02-01 | トヨタ紡織株式会社 | Oil filter and filter element |
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|---|---|
| TW201739499A (en) | 2017-11-16 |
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