TWI548471B - Nozzle for beam blank continuous casting - Google Patents
Nozzle for beam blank continuous casting Download PDFInfo
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- TWI548471B TWI548471B TW103115188A TW103115188A TWI548471B TW I548471 B TWI548471 B TW I548471B TW 103115188 A TW103115188 A TW 103115188A TW 103115188 A TW103115188 A TW 103115188A TW I548471 B TWI548471 B TW I548471B
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Description
本發明是有關於一種連續鑄造之鑄模的注嘴，且特別是有關於一種型鋼連續鑄造的鑄模之注嘴，適用於單側浸入式氣密澆鑄。 The present invention relates to a nozzle for a continuously cast mold, and more particularly to a nozzle for continuous casting of a profile steel, which is suitable for one-side immersion type gas-tight casting.
請參照第1圖，其係繪示一種傳統型鋼連續鑄造之鑄模與注嘴的裝置透視圖。傳統上，在鑄造型鋼時，會採用設有二注嘴102與104之鑄模100來進行型鋼的澆鑄製程。此二注嘴102與104均為底部單出口設計，且分別設置在鑄模100左右二側。鋼液可從注嘴102與104而從鑄模100的兩側注入鑄模100中。 Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a perspective view showing a device for continuously casting a mold and a nozzle of a conventional steel. Conventionally, in casting steel, a casting mold 100 having two nozzles 102 and 104 is used for the casting process of the profile steel. The two nozzles 102 and 104 are both bottom single outlet designs, and are respectively disposed on the left and right sides of the mold 100. The molten steel can be injected into the mold 100 from both sides of the mold 100 from the nozzles 102 and 104.
此種傳統鑄模100和注嘴102與104的設計為半開放式的澆鑄設計，即鋼液在未進入鑄模100前，會暴露於周遭環境下，而不利於鋼胚的清淨度。而且，受到鑄模100周圍的空間限制，無法同時對應二注嘴102與104來安裝二閥門機構，以進行氣密澆鑄。因此，無法在此種鑄模100和注嘴102與104的設計下，有效解決鋼胚清淨度不佳的問題。 The design of the conventional mold 100 and the nozzles 102 and 104 is a semi-open casting design, that is, the molten steel is exposed to the surrounding environment before entering the mold 100, which is unfavorable for the cleanliness of the steel. Moreover, due to the space limitation around the mold 100, it is not possible to simultaneously mount the two valve mechanisms corresponding to the two nozzles 102 and 104 for airtight casting. Therefore, the problem of poor cleanliness of the steel can not be effectively solved under the design of the mold 100 and the nozzles 102 and 104.
受限於空間，目前提出一種改善型鋼鋼胚之清淨度的設計。此種設計係採用浸入式單注嘴，並將此注嘴設置 在型鋼之鑄模的寬度中央處，且在此注嘴上安裝閥門機構來控制鋼液注入速度。由於此種設計係採注嘴浸入式設計，因此鋼液在注入鑄模前並不會暴露於周遭環境，而可改善鋼胚之清淨度。然而，型鋼鑄模之中央處的模厚較窄，鋼液到達鑄模之中央處的時間長，且熱補充性較差。注嘴附近的鋼液溫度明顯較低，而可能發生架橋的情況。若將注嘴改成具細瘦型截面的結構，會影響注嘴的使用壽命。 Limited by space, a design for improving the cleanliness of steel slabs is currently proposed. This design uses an immersed single nozzle and sets this nozzle At the center of the width of the mold of the section steel, a valve mechanism is mounted on the nozzle to control the rate of molten steel injection. Since this design adopts the nozzle immersion design, the molten steel is not exposed to the surrounding environment before being injected into the mold, and the purity of the steel embryo can be improved. However, the mold thickness at the center of the steel mold is narrow, the molten steel reaches the center of the mold for a long time, and the heat replenishment is poor. The temperature of the molten steel near the nozzle is significantly lower, and bridging may occur. If the nozzle is changed to a structure with a thin section, it will affect the service life of the nozzle.
請參照第2圖，其係繪示另一種傳統型鋼連續鑄造之鑄模與注嘴的裝置透視圖。此種設計具有單一浸入式注嘴202、以及裝設在此注嘴202上之單側閥門機構，其中此浸入式注嘴202為單出口注嘴。在此種設計中，注嘴202設置於鑄模200之一側，且使注嘴202之出口浸沒在鑄模200內之鋼液中。利用此種設計來進行型鋼的連續鑄造製程時，雖然鋼胚之清淨度有明顯改善，但鋼胚的爆湯率卻顯著增加。分析鋼胚之爆湯殼後，發現設置注嘴202側的鋼胚凝殼厚度明顯較薄。 Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a perspective view showing another apparatus for continuously casting a mold and a nozzle of a conventional steel. This design has a single immersion nozzle 202 and a one-sided valve mechanism mounted on the nozzle 202, wherein the immersion nozzle 202 is a single outlet nozzle. In this design, the nozzle 202 is disposed on one side of the mold 200, and the outlet of the nozzle 202 is immersed in the molten steel in the mold 200. When this design is used to carry out the continuous casting process of the profile steel, although the cleanliness of the steel blank is significantly improved, the bursting rate of the steel embryo is significantly increased. After analyzing the explosion of the steel embryo, it was found that the thickness of the steel embryo shell on the side of the nozzle 202 was significantly thinner.
因此，本發明之一態樣就是在提供一種型鋼連續鑄造之注嘴，其適用於單側浸入式氣密澆鑄，且具有側邊開孔與底部開孔，藉此可同時由注嘴之側邊與底部朝鑄模注入鋼液。故，可在提升型鋼鑄胚之清淨度的情況下，並降低爆湯率。 Therefore, one aspect of the present invention provides a nozzle for continuous casting of a profile steel, which is suitable for one-side immersion type gas-tight casting, and has a side opening and a bottom opening, thereby being simultaneously at the side of the nozzle The molten steel is injected into the mold from the sides and the bottom. Therefore, in the case of improving the cleanliness of the steel casting embryo, the rate of bursting can be reduced.
根據本發明之上述目的，提出一種型鋼連續鑄造之注嘴，適用於單側浸入式氣密澆鑄。此型鋼連續鑄造之注 嘴包含管體以及底部。管體具有可供鋼液流通之管道。管體之一側設有第一開孔與管道連通。管道之軸向與一基準線垂直，且第一開孔之中心軸與此基準線之間具有一銳夾角，以使經第一開孔側向排出管道之鋼液朝下排出。底部位於管體之底端。底部設有第二開孔，此第二開孔與管道連通，且第二開孔之孔徑小於管體之內徑。 According to the above object of the present invention, a nozzle for continuous casting of a profile steel is proposed, which is suitable for one-side immersion type gas-tight casting. Note for continuous casting of this type of steel The mouth contains the tube body and the bottom. The pipe body has a pipe for the circulation of molten steel. One side of the pipe body is provided with a first opening communicating with the pipe. The axial direction of the pipe is perpendicular to a reference line, and a central angle between the central axis of the first opening and the reference line is such that the molten steel passing through the first opening lateral discharge pipe is discharged downward. The bottom is located at the bottom of the tube. The bottom portion is provided with a second opening, the second opening is in communication with the pipe, and the diameter of the second opening is smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe body.
依據本發明之一實施例，上述之銳夾角大於20度，較佳是大於25度。 According to an embodiment of the invention, the sharp angle is greater than 20 degrees, preferably greater than 25 degrees.
依據本發明之另一實施例，上述第二開孔之孔徑為管體之內徑的60%至75%。 According to another embodiment of the present invention, the aperture of the second opening is 60% to 75% of the inner diameter of the tube.
依據本發明之又一實施例，上述管體之外徑為95mm，管體之內徑為40mm，且第二開孔之孔徑為26mm至28mm。 According to still another embodiment of the present invention, the outer diameter of the tubular body is 95 mm, the inner diameter of the tubular body is 40 mm, and the diameter of the second opening is 26 mm to 28 mm.
依據本發明之再一實施例，上述第二開孔之孔徑為26.4mm。 According to still another embodiment of the present invention, the aperture of the second opening is 26.4 mm.
依據本發明之再一實施例，上述第一開孔之高度為50mm，且第一開孔之寬度為40mm。 According to still another embodiment of the present invention, the height of the first opening is 50 mm, and the width of the first opening is 40 mm.
依據本發明之再一實施例，上述第一開孔之開口形狀由方形、以及分別接合在此方形之上側與下側之二圓弧形所組成。 According to still another embodiment of the present invention, the opening shape of the first opening is formed by a square shape and two circular arc shapes respectively joined to the upper side and the lower side of the square.
依據本發明之再一實施例，上述第一開孔之開口形狀為圓形。 According to still another embodiment of the present invention, the opening of the first opening has a circular shape.
依據本發明之再一實施例，上述第一開孔之開口形狀為矩形，此矩形之長邊與管道之軸向平行。 According to still another embodiment of the present invention, the opening of the first opening has a rectangular shape, and a long side of the rectangle is parallel to an axial direction of the pipe.
100‧‧‧鑄模 100‧‧‧ mould
102‧‧‧注嘴 102‧‧‧Note mouth
104‧‧‧注嘴 104‧‧‧Note mouth
200‧‧‧鑄模 200‧‧‧ mould
202‧‧‧注嘴 202‧‧‧Note mouth
300‧‧‧鑄模 300‧‧‧ mould
302‧‧‧注嘴 302‧‧‧Note mouth
304‧‧‧管體 304‧‧‧pipe body
306‧‧‧底部 306‧‧‧ bottom
308‧‧‧第二開孔 308‧‧‧Second opening
310‧‧‧第一開孔 310‧‧‧First opening
312‧‧‧管道 312‧‧‧ Pipes
314‧‧‧軸向 314‧‧‧Axial
316‧‧‧中心軸 316‧‧‧ center axis
318‧‧‧基準線 318‧‧‧ baseline
320‧‧‧方形 320‧‧‧square
322‧‧‧圓弧形 322‧‧‧round shape
324‧‧‧圓弧形 324‧‧‧ arc shape
H‧‧‧高度 H‧‧‧ Height
W‧‧‧寬度 W‧‧‧Width
θ‧‧‧銳夾角 Θ‧‧‧ sharp angle
φ 1‧‧‧外徑 Φ 1‧‧‧ outer diameter
φ 2‧‧‧內徑 Φ 2‧‧‧ inside diameter
φ 3‧‧‧孔徑 Φ 3‧‧‧ aperture
為讓本發明之上述和其他目的、特徵、優點與實施例能更明顯易懂，所附圖式之說明如下： The above and other objects, features, advantages and embodiments of the present invention will become more apparent and understood.
第1圖係繪示一種傳統型鋼連續鑄造之鑄模與注嘴的裝置透視圖。 Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a device for continuously casting a mold and a nozzle of a conventional steel.
第2圖係繪示另一種傳統型鋼連續鑄造之鑄模與注嘴的裝置透視圖。 Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing another apparatus for continuously casting a mold and a nozzle of a conventional steel.
第3圖係繪示依照本發明之一實施方式的一種型鋼連續鑄造之注嘴與鑄模的裝置透視圖。 Figure 3 is a perspective view showing a device for continuously casting a nozzle and a mold according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第4圖係繪示依照本發明之一實施方式的一種型鋼連續鑄造之注嘴的局部剖面圖。 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a nozzle for continuous casting of a profile steel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第5圖係繪示依照本發明之一實施方式的一種型鋼連續鑄造之注嘴之第一開孔的正視圖。 Figure 5 is a front elevational view showing a first opening of a nozzle for continuous casting of a profiled steel in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
請參照第3圖與第4圖，其係分別繪示依照本發明之一實施方式的一種型鋼連續鑄造之注嘴與鑄模的裝置透視圖、以及型鋼連續鑄造之注嘴的局部剖面圖。本實施方式之鑄模300與注嘴302的裝置係用以進行型鋼之連續澆鑄製程，其中型鋼可為H型鋼。鑄模300為單側浸入式氣密澆鑄模，亦即僅有單一注嘴302設於鑄模300之一側，如第3圖所示。此外，注嘴302設置於鑄模300之一側。而且，注嘴302浸入鑄模300內的鋼液中，如此一來可使鋼液沒有暴露於外界環境。 Please refer to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , which are respectively a perspective view of a device for continuously casting a nozzle and a mold according to an embodiment of the present invention, and a partial cross-sectional view of a nozzle for continuous casting of a steel. The apparatus for the mold 300 and the nozzle 302 of the present embodiment is used for a continuous casting process of a profile steel, wherein the profile steel may be an H-section steel. The mold 300 is a one-side immersed airtight casting mold, that is, only a single nozzle 302 is provided on one side of the mold 300, as shown in FIG. Further, the nozzle 302 is provided on one side of the mold 300. Moreover, the nozzle 302 is immersed in the molten steel in the mold 300, so that the molten steel is not exposed to the external environment.
在一些實施例中，如第4圖所示，注嘴302主要包含管體304與底部306。管體304係由耐火材料所組成。管體304內具有管道312。此管道312縱貫管體304內，而可供鋼液流通於其中。管道312具有一軸向314，且此軸向314與一基準線318垂直。在一示範例子中，軸向314與管體304之管壁平行，且基準線318為水平線。此外，管體304具有外徑φ 1與內徑φ 2，其中管體304之內徑φ 2即為管道312之直徑。 In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4, the nozzle 302 primarily includes a tubular body 304 and a bottom portion 306. The tube body 304 is composed of a refractory material. The tube 304 has a conduit 312 therein. This conduit 312 extends through the tubular body 304 and allows molten steel to circulate therein. The conduit 312 has an axial direction 314 that is perpendicular to a reference line 318. In an exemplary embodiment, the axial direction 314 is parallel to the tube wall of the tubular body 304 and the reference line 318 is a horizontal line. Further, the pipe body 304 has an outer diameter φ 1 and an inner diameter φ 2 , wherein the inner diameter φ 2 of the pipe body 304 is the diameter of the pipe 312.
管體304之一側設有第一開孔310。此第一開孔310與管道312連通，且穿過管體304此側的側壁，因而可供鋼液排出。第一開孔310具有中心軸316。在一實施例中，如第4圖所示，第一開孔310以由管體304之內而外且由上而下的方式，斜向穿設於管體304之管壁中，即為以下向方式設置於管體304之管壁中。因此，第一開孔310之中心軸316與基準線318之間具有銳夾角θ。在一示範例子中，此銳夾角θ大於25度。藉由這樣的設計，可使經第一開孔310排出注嘴302之管道312的鋼液由注嘴302之側向朝下排出。 A first opening 310 is provided on one side of the tube 304. This first opening 310 communicates with the conduit 312 and passes through the side wall of this side of the tubular body 304, thereby allowing molten steel to escape. The first opening 310 has a central axis 316. In an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the first opening 310 is obliquely penetrated into the wall of the pipe body 304 by the inside of the pipe body 304 and from the top to the bottom, that is, The following orientation is provided in the wall of the tube body 304. Therefore, the central axis 316 of the first opening 310 has a sharp angle θ with the reference line 318. In an exemplary example, this sharp angle θ is greater than 25 degrees. With such a design, the molten steel which is discharged from the pipe 312 of the nozzle 302 through the first opening 310 can be discharged downward from the side of the nozzle 302.
請一併參照第5圖，其係繪示依照本發明之一實施方式的一種型鋼連續鑄造之注嘴之第一開孔的正視圖。注嘴310之第一開孔310具有高度H與寬度W。在一示範例子中，第一開孔310之寬度W小於或等於管體304之內徑φ 2。此外，第一開孔310之高度H可大於、等於或小於寬度W。在一較佳實施例中，第一開孔310之高度H大於寬 度W。在第5圖所示之實施例中，注嘴310之第一開孔310的開口形狀係由方形320、與分別接合在此方形320之上側與下側之圓弧形322與324所組成，呈類橢圓形。在另一些實施例中，第一開孔310之開口形狀為圓形或矩形。在第一開孔310之開口形狀為矩形的例子中，此矩形之長邊與管道312的軸向314平行。 Referring to FIG. 5 together, a front view of a first opening of a continuous casting nozzle of a profile steel according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The first opening 310 of the nozzle 310 has a height H and a width W. In an exemplary embodiment, the width W of the first opening 310 is less than or equal to the inner diameter φ 2 of the tubular body 304. In addition, the height H of the first opening 310 may be greater than, equal to, or less than the width W. In a preferred embodiment, the height H of the first opening 310 is greater than the width. Degree W. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the opening shape of the first opening 310 of the nozzle 310 is formed by a square 320 and circular arc shapes 322 and 324 respectively joined to the upper side and the lower side of the square 320. It is oval in shape. In other embodiments, the opening of the first opening 310 is circular or rectangular in shape. In the example in which the opening shape of the first opening 310 is rectangular, the long side of the rectangle is parallel to the axial direction 314 of the pipe 312.
請再次參照第4圖，底部306位於管體304之底端。此底部306設有第二開孔308，其中第二開孔308穿過底部306，且與管道312連通，而可供鋼液排出。第二開孔308之孔徑φ 3小於管體304之內徑φ 2。在一些實施例中，第二開孔308之孔徑φ 3為管體304之內徑φ 2的60%至75%。 Referring again to FIG. 4, the bottom 306 is located at the bottom end of the tubular body 304. The bottom 306 is provided with a second opening 308, wherein the second opening 308 passes through the bottom 306 and communicates with the conduit 312 for the molten steel to escape. The aperture φ 3 of the second opening 308 is smaller than the inner diameter φ 2 of the tube body 304. In some embodiments, the aperture φ 3 of the second opening 308 is 60% to 75% of the inner diameter φ 2 of the tubular body 304.
在一示範例子中，注嘴302之管體304的外徑φ 1為95mm，管體304的內徑φ 2為40mm，且第二開孔308之孔徑φ 3為26mm至28mm。在一較佳例子中，此時之第二開孔308之孔徑φ 3為26.4mm。此外，管體304之第一開孔310的高度H可為50mm，第一開孔310的寬度可為40mm。 In an exemplary embodiment, the outer diameter φ 1 of the tubular body 304 of the nozzle 302 is 95 mm, the inner diameter φ 2 of the tubular body 304 is 40 mm, and the aperture φ 3 of the second opening 308 is 26 mm to 28 mm. In a preferred embodiment, the second opening 308 has an aperture φ 3 of 26.4 mm. In addition, the height H of the first opening 310 of the pipe body 304 may be 50 mm, and the width of the first opening 310 may be 40 mm.
本案更利用數值模擬方式來進行型鋼鑄模內的流場分析。並且，進行型鋼連續鑄造的水模實驗，以進行鑄模單側安裝單出口注嘴(如第2圖所示)、與鑄模單側安裝雙出口注嘴(如第3圖所示)的澆鑄狀況評估。在一示範例子中，係採用由COMSOL公司所開發之數值模擬軟體COMSOL Multiphysics來進行鑄模內的流場模擬分析。 In this case, the numerical simulation method is used to analyze the flow field in the steel mold. In addition, a water mold test for continuous casting of steel is carried out to carry out the casting condition of the single-side mounting single-nozzle nozzle (as shown in Fig. 2) and the double-outlet nozzle (as shown in Fig. 3) on one side of the mold. Evaluation. In an exemplary example, the numerical simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics developed by COMSOL was used to simulate the flow field in the mold.
在比較例中，係在鑄模單側上安裝單出口注嘴，並利用數值模擬方式模擬鑄模內之流場。此注嘴的外徑為95mm，內徑40mm，浸沒於鋼液中之注嘴出口與鑄模內之鋼液液面距離為130mm，澆速為0.7m/min。由所模擬結果可看出，鑄模內流場不對稱，且鋼液噴出流深入鑄道內。如此，不利於鋼液中之介在物上浮，且溫度分布均勻性不佳，也會導致爆湯發生率提高。 In the comparative example, a single outlet nozzle was mounted on one side of the mold, and the flow field in the mold was simulated by numerical simulation. The nozzle has an outer diameter of 95 mm and an inner diameter of 40 mm. The distance between the nozzle outlet immersed in the molten steel and the molten steel in the mold is 130 mm, and the casting speed is 0.7 m/min. It can be seen from the simulation results that the flow field in the mold is asymmetrical and the molten steel jet flow is deep into the casting path. In this way, it is not conducive to the floating of the medium in the molten steel, and the uniformity of temperature distribution is not good, which also leads to an increase in the incidence of bursting.
另一方面，在鑄模單側上安裝具不同孔徑之底部第二開孔的雙出口注嘴，並利用數值模擬方式模擬這些鑄模內之流場。此注嘴的外徑為95mm，內徑40mm。此外，注嘴之側邊的第一開孔為類橢圓形，且高度為50mm寬度為40mm，以下向傾斜15度的方式穿設於注嘴側壁中，且浸沒於鋼液中之注嘴側邊第一開孔的上緣與鑄模內之鋼液液面距離為130mm。 On the other hand, a double outlet nozzle having a second opening at the bottom of a different aperture is mounted on one side of the mold, and the flow field in these molds is simulated by numerical simulation. The nozzle has an outer diameter of 95 mm and an inner diameter of 40 mm. In addition, the first opening of the side of the nozzle is elliptical, and the height is 50 mm and the width is 40 mm. The lower side is inclined by 15 degrees and is placed in the side wall of the nozzle, and is immersed in the nozzle side of the molten steel. The upper edge of the first opening and the molten steel liquid surface in the mold are 130 mm.
由模擬結果可知，當雙出口注嘴之第二開孔的孔徑為10mm與20mm時，雖可改善鋼液之溫度分布均勻度，但注嘴所噴出之鋼液流撞擊至鑄模之窄面後，向下的流速大，且鋼液流深入鑄道內。如此，不利於鋼液中之介在物上浮。當雙出口注嘴之第二開孔的孔徑為40mm時，即等於注嘴之內徑時，鑄模內之鋼液流場不對稱，且由第二開孔噴出之鋼液流深入鑄道內。如此，不利於鋼液中之介在物上浮，溫度分布均勻性也不佳。 It can be seen from the simulation results that when the diameter of the second opening of the double outlet nozzle is 10 mm and 20 mm, although the temperature distribution uniformity of the molten steel can be improved, the molten steel jet sprayed from the nozzle impinges on the narrow side of the mold. The downward flow rate is large and the molten steel flows deep into the casting path. In this way, it is not conducive to the floating of the medium in the molten steel. When the diameter of the second opening of the double outlet nozzle is 40 mm, which is equal to the inner diameter of the nozzle, the flow field of the molten steel in the mold is asymmetric, and the molten steel flowed from the second opening penetrates into the casting path. . Thus, it is not conducive to the floating of the material in the molten steel, and the temperature distribution uniformity is not good.
由數值模擬結果可知，注嘴之第二開孔的孔徑為26mm至28mm時，注嘴噴出之鋼液流撞擊至鑄模之窄面 後，向下流速小。因此，有利於鋼液中之介在物上浮，且可提高鋼液之溫度均勻度。在一較佳實施例中，注嘴之第二開孔的孔徑為26.4mm。 It can be seen from the numerical simulation results that when the diameter of the second opening of the nozzle is 26 mm to 28 mm, the molten steel jetted from the nozzle impinges on the narrow side of the mold. After that, the downward flow rate is small. Therefore, it is advantageous for the medium in the molten steel to float, and the temperature uniformity of the molten steel can be improved. In a preferred embodiment, the second opening of the nozzle has an aperture of 26.4 mm.
另外，在鑄模單側上安裝具不同傾斜角度之側邊第一開孔的雙出口注嘴，並利用數值模擬方式模擬這些鑄模內之流場。此注嘴的外徑為95mm，內徑40mm，底部第二開孔的孔徑為26.4mm。此外，注嘴之側邊的第一開孔為類橢圓形，且高度為50mm寬度為40mm，以不同傾斜角度的方式穿設於注嘴側壁中，且浸沒於鋼液中之注嘴側邊第一開孔的上緣與鑄模內之鋼液液面距離為130mm。 In addition, double outlet nozzles with side openings of different sides at different inclination angles are mounted on one side of the mold, and the flow fields in these molds are simulated by numerical simulation. The nozzle has an outer diameter of 95 mm, an inner diameter of 40 mm, and a second opening at the bottom of the bottom hole having a diameter of 26.4 mm. In addition, the first opening of the side of the nozzle is elliptical, and has a height of 50 mm and a width of 40 mm, and is inserted into the side wall of the nozzle at different inclination angles, and is immersed in the side of the nozzle in the molten steel. The upper edge of the first opening has a distance of 130 mm from the molten steel surface in the mold.
由模擬結果可知，當雙出口注嘴之第一開孔的角度為上向15度、上向5度與下向5度時，由第一開孔所噴出之鋼液流會直接衝擊到鑄模內之鋼液液面，而造成捲動液面上之鑄渣的風險。當雙出口注嘴之第一開孔的角度為下向15度時，由第一開孔噴出之鋼液流在衝向鑄模窄面後，也會向上迴流至鑄模內之鋼液液面。其中，第一開孔之角度上向的意思為第一開孔以由注嘴管體之內而外且由下而上的方式，斜向穿設於管體之管壁中；而第一開孔之角度下向的意思為第一開孔以由注嘴管體之內而外且由上而下的方式，斜向穿設於管體之管壁中。 It can be seen from the simulation results that when the angle of the first opening of the double outlet nozzle is 15 degrees upward, 5 degrees upward and 5 degrees downward, the flow of molten steel sprayed from the first opening directly impacts the mold. The liquid steel level inside, causing the risk of casting slag on the rolling surface. When the angle of the first opening of the double outlet nozzle is 15 degrees downward, the molten steel jetted from the first opening will flow back up to the molten steel level in the mold after rushing toward the narrow side of the mold. Wherein, the upward angle of the first opening means that the first opening is obliquely penetrated into the pipe wall of the pipe body from the inside of the nozzle body and from the bottom to the top; The downward angle of the opening means that the first opening is obliquely penetrated into the wall of the pipe body from the inside of the nozzle body and from the top to the bottom.
由數值模擬結果可知，雖然雙出口的注嘴設計可改善鋼液在鑄模內的流場分布，但要更穩定地生產出高清淨度高品級型鋼產品，仍需進一步適化注嘴側邊之第一開孔的出口角度與尺寸、以及底部之第二開孔的出口大小。 It can be seen from the numerical simulation results that although the nozzle design of the double outlet can improve the flow field distribution of molten steel in the mold, it is necessary to further stabilize the side of the nozzle to produce a high-definition high-grade steel product with higher stability. The exit angle and size of the first opening and the outlet opening of the second opening at the bottom.
為驗證數值模擬結果，並適化注嘴側邊第一開孔的出口角度，利用水模實驗來進行觀察。在水模實驗中，利用水來模擬鋼液，且在水模液面上灑上許多塑膠粒來模擬鑄渣。由水模實驗結果顯示，於水模之單側安裝單出口注嘴時，近注嘴處的水模液面會產生漩渦，而將水模液面上的塑膠粒吸入水內，造成捲渣現象。 In order to verify the numerical simulation results and to adapt the exit angle of the first opening on the side of the nozzle, the water model experiment was used for observation. In the water model experiment, water was used to simulate the molten steel, and many plastic pellets were sprinkled on the surface of the water mold to simulate the casting slag. The results of the water model test show that when the single-outlet nozzle is installed on one side of the water mold, the water surface of the water mold near the nozzle will generate a vortex, and the plastic particles on the surface of the water mold will be sucked into the water, causing the slag to be slag. phenomenon.
於水模之單側安裝雙出口注嘴，且注嘴側邊之第一開孔為下向5度時，第一開孔所噴出之水流會直接衝向水模液面，而將塑膠粒捲入水內，也有捲渣現象。當雙出口注嘴側邊之第一開孔為下向15度時，第一開孔所噴出之水流衝向水模窄面後，會向上迴流至水模液面，水模液面的液流強度會將水模窄面的塑膠粒堆積，不僅造成鑄粉厚度不均的現象，並會將部分鑄粉捲切入水中。當雙出口注嘴側邊之第一開孔為下向25度時，第一開孔所噴出之水流向上迴流至水模液面，但水模液面上的塑膠粒層厚度均勻，沒有塑膠粒捲切入水內的現象。 When the double outlet nozzle is installed on one side of the water mold, and the first opening on the side of the nozzle is 5 degrees downward, the water discharged from the first opening will directly rush toward the liquid surface of the water mold, and the plastic particles will be directly pulverized. When it is caught in water, there is also a phenomenon of slag. When the first opening on the side of the double outlet nozzle is 15 degrees downward, the water sprayed from the first opening rushes to the narrow side of the water mold, and then flows back up to the liquid surface of the water mold, and the liquid of the liquid mold surface The flow intensity will accumulate the plastic particles on the narrow side of the water mold, which not only causes the thickness of the cast powder to be uneven, but also cuts some of the cast powder into the water. When the first opening on the side of the double outlet nozzle is 25 degrees downward, the water sprayed from the first opening is returned upward to the liquid surface of the water mold, but the thickness of the plastic layer on the surface of the water mold is uniform, and there is no plastic. The phenomenon of cutting the grain into the water.
經過水模實驗後發現，單側雙出口注嘴的第一開孔的向下角度小於20度時，在水模窄面會發生切入捲渣現象。因此，第一開孔的向下角度較佳是大於20度。在一更佳例子中，單側雙出口注嘴的第一開孔的向下角度大於25度時，並不會發生切入捲渣現象。 After the water model experiment, it is found that when the downward angle of the first opening of the single-side double-outlet nozzle is less than 20 degrees, the slag-crushing phenomenon occurs on the narrow side of the water mold. Therefore, the downward angle of the first opening is preferably greater than 20 degrees. In a more preferred example, when the downward angle of the first opening of the single-sided double-outlet nozzle is greater than 25 degrees, the slag inclusion phenomenon does not occur.
以下利用二應用例來說明本案單側雙出口注嘴實施的情況。此二應用例之相關參數如下表1所列。 The following two examples are used to illustrate the implementation of the single-sided dual-outlet nozzle in this case. The relevant parameters of these two application examples are listed in Table 1 below.
應用例1係採用側邊設類橢圓形之第一開孔且底部設第二開孔的注嘴，其中第一開孔之高度為50mm而寬度40mm，第一開孔為下向25度傾斜，且第二開孔之孔徑為27mm。澆鑄初期由於鑄模內之鋼液液面過低，鑄道在注嘴之開孔側附近的鑄模液面處產生鋼液滾盪情形。當鑄模內鋼液液面升高且關閉導入注嘴的氬氣後，鋼液滾盪情形獲得控制，且後續整體澆鑄過程順利。 The application example 1 adopts a nozzle having an elliptical first opening on the side and a second opening on the bottom, wherein the first opening has a height of 50 mm and a width of 40 mm, and the first opening has a downward inclination of 25 degrees. And the aperture of the second opening is 27 mm. In the initial stage of casting, due to the low liquid level of the molten steel in the mold, the casting channel produces molten steel tumbling at the surface of the mold near the opening side of the nozzle. When the molten steel level in the mold rises and the argon gas introduced into the nozzle is closed, the molten steel is controlled, and the subsequent overall casting process is smooth.
對運用應用例1之注嘴鑄造後所生產之型鋼進行酸洗與燒除等品質檢驗。鋼胚於酸洗後，其內部品質與利用單出口注嘴所生產之鋼胚的內部品質相當，且符合放行規格。此型鋼鋼胚經燒除後，其針氣孔數的檢驗結果也符合規格。值得注意的是，在應用例1中，注嘴之第一開孔的出口側附近的鑄模液面處偶有鋼液滾盪情形，發明人判斷此應與第一開孔之尺寸偏大有關。第一開孔之噴出流速偏低，會造成偶發氣泡無法隨著鋼液流往下帶而直接上浮至第一開孔附近上方的鑄模液面，進而造成局部液面滾盪 現象。 A quality inspection such as pickling and burning is performed on the steel produced by casting the nozzle of Application Example 1. After pickling, the internal quality of the steel embryo is equivalent to the internal quality of the steel blank produced by the single-outlet nozzle and meets the release specifications. After the steel steel of this type has been burned out, the test results of the number of needle holes are also in conformity with the specifications. It is worth noting that, in the application example 1, the liquid level of the mold near the outlet side of the first opening of the nozzle is occasionally caused by the molten steel, and the inventors judge that this should be related to the size of the first opening. . The discharge velocity of the first opening is low, which may cause the incident bubble to float directly to the mold liquid surface near the first opening hole as the molten steel flows downward, thereby causing local liquid level rolling phenomenon.
應用例2將應用例1之第二開孔的孔徑由27mm縮減為26mm，第一開孔的角度由下向25度修改為下向30度，第一開孔之尺寸由高50mm×寬40mm修改為高40mm×寬25mm。上表1也列出數值模擬此二種注嘴噴出流的數據，其中澆速定為0.7m/min。由上表1可看出，雖然應用例1之注嘴的第一開孔面積約為應用例2之注嘴的第一開孔面積的兩倍，但應用例1之注嘴的第一開孔的鋼液噴出流量為0.001327m3/s，僅略高於應用例2之第一開孔的鋼液噴出流量的0.001276m3/s。由此可知，應用例1之注嘴的第一開孔的鋼液噴出流速偏低，可能導致氣泡直接上浮至第一開孔附近上方的鑄模液面，而造成局部液面滾盪現象。在應用例2中，注嘴之第二開孔的鋼液流量與第一開孔的鋼液流量分配比約為1：2。此外，應用例2之第一開孔處的鑄模液面已無明顯波動現象，順利完鑄。 In Application Example 2, the aperture of the second opening of Application Example 1 is reduced from 27 mm to 26 mm, and the angle of the first opening is modified from 25 degrees downward to 30 degrees downward, and the size of the first opening is 50 mm high × 40 mm wide. Modified to 40mm high by 25mm wide. The data in the above two nozzle spout streams are also numerically simulated in Table 1 above, wherein the casting rate is set to 0.7 m/min. As can be seen from the above Table 1, although the first opening area of the nozzle of Application Example 1 is about twice the area of the first opening of the nozzle of Application Example 2, the first opening of the nozzle of Application Example 1 is The molten steel discharge flow rate of the hole was 0.001327 m 3 /s, which was only slightly higher than the 0.001276 m 3 /s of the molten steel discharge flow rate of the first opening of Application Example 2. Therefore, it can be seen that the flow rate of the molten steel of the first opening of the nozzle of Application Example 1 is low, which may cause the bubble to directly float up to the surface of the mold above the first opening, thereby causing local liquid level tumbling. In Application Example 2, the ratio of the flow rate of the molten steel in the second opening of the nozzle to the flow rate of the molten steel in the first opening is about 1:2. In addition, the mold liquid level at the first opening of the application example 2 has no significant fluctuation phenomenon, and the casting is smoothly completed.
對運用應用例2之注嘴所鑄造後所生產之型鋼進行品質檢驗，鋼胚酸洗檢驗結果與鋼胚表面燒除檢驗結果均合格。此外，運用應用例2進行型鋼澆鑄，無煉鋼責任廢棄量，但以單側單出口注嘴來生產型鋼時，則軋鋼需再處理量2噸。 For the quality inspection of the steel produced after casting using the nozzle of Application Example 2, the results of the pickling test of the steel and the surface of the steel blank were all qualified. In addition, the application example 2 is used for casting steel, and there is no steelmaking liability waste. However, when the single-side single-outlet nozzle is used to produce the steel, the steel rolling needs to be processed twice.
由上述之實施方式可知，本發明之一優點就是因為本發明適用於單側浸入式氣密澆鑄模之型鋼注嘴具有側邊開孔與底部開孔，藉此可同時由注嘴之側邊與底部朝鑄模注入鋼液。因此，可在提升型鋼鑄胚之清淨度的情況下， 並降低爆湯率。 It can be seen from the above embodiments that one of the advantages of the present invention is that the steel injection nozzle of the present invention which is suitable for the one-side immersion type airtight casting mold has a side opening and a bottom opening, thereby being simultaneously at the side of the nozzle. The molten steel is injected into the mold with the bottom. Therefore, in the case of lifting the cleanliness of the steel casting, And reduce the rate of bursting.
雖然本發明已以實施例揭露如上，然其並非用以限定本發明，任何在此技術領域中具有通常知識者，在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內，當可作各種之更動與潤飾，因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 While the present invention has been described above by way of example, it is not intended to be construed as a limitation of the scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.
302‧‧‧注嘴 302‧‧‧Note mouth
304‧‧‧管體 304‧‧‧pipe body
306‧‧‧底部 306‧‧‧ bottom
308‧‧‧第二開孔 308‧‧‧Second opening
310‧‧‧第一開孔 310‧‧‧First opening
312‧‧‧管道 312‧‧‧ Pipes
314‧‧‧軸向 314‧‧‧Axial
316‧‧‧中心軸 316‧‧‧ center axis
318‧‧‧基準線 318‧‧‧ baseline
H‧‧‧高度 H‧‧‧ Height
θ‧‧‧銳夾角 Θ‧‧‧ sharp angle
φ 1‧‧‧外徑 Φ 1‧‧‧ outer diameter
φ 2‧‧‧內徑 Φ 2‧‧‧ inside diameter
φ 3‧‧‧孔徑 Φ 3‧‧‧ aperture
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| TW200303800A (en) * | 2002-03-01 | 2003-09-16 | Nippon Kokan Kk | Method for controlling flow of molten steel in mold, apparatus therefor and method for producing continuously cast product |
| CN2582806Y (en) * | 2002-11-14 | 2003-10-29 | 华硕电脑股份有限公司 | Adjustable tin furnace spout |
| TW201350231A (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2013-12-16 | Shinagawa Refractories Co | A submerged nozzle of continuous casting apparatus |
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| TW200303800A (en) * | 2002-03-01 | 2003-09-16 | Nippon Kokan Kk | Method for controlling flow of molten steel in mold, apparatus therefor and method for producing continuously cast product |
| CN2582806Y (en) * | 2002-11-14 | 2003-10-29 | 华硕电脑股份有限公司 | Adjustable tin furnace spout |
| TW201350231A (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2013-12-16 | Shinagawa Refractories Co | A submerged nozzle of continuous casting apparatus |
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