TWI537217B - Electrostatic treatment of seawater desalination - Google Patents
Electrostatic treatment of seawater desalination Download PDFInfo
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- TWI537217B TWI537217B TW102137607A TW102137607A TWI537217B TW I537217 B TWI537217 B TW I537217B TW 102137607 A TW102137607 A TW 102137607A TW 102137607 A TW102137607 A TW 102137607A TW I537217 B TWI537217 B TW I537217B
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Description
在海水淡化器內部空間，以絕源材料全護面的直流高壓二電極面為外板層，中間加裝二平行分開的海水半透板層，如此，海水淡化器內就形成三個隔間區。當充電發生靜電場後，海水中正負離子即分別行反向穿越半透層而向正負二電極匯集，生成正、負離子水，遺留中間隔間的海水得完全失去鹽分，獲得淡化，同時利用三通管和抽水泵閥，使另外二隔間的正離子水和負離子水相混合，生成濃縮海水向外排出。 In the internal space of the desalination device, the DC high-voltage two-electrode surface of the full-protection material is used as the outer layer, and two parallel-separated seawater semi-permeable layers are installed in the middle, so that three compartments are formed in the desalination device. Area. When the electrostatic field occurs after charging, the positive and negative ions in the seawater will pass through the semi-transmissive layer and merge into the positive and negative electrodes, respectively, to generate positive and negative ionized water. The seawater in the middle interval will completely lose salt and be desalinated, and the three-way will be utilized. The tube and the pumping valve are used to mix the positive ion water and the negative ion water in the other two compartments to generate concentrated seawater to be discharged outward.
近年來工業迅速發展，不僅導致耗水量大增，還嚴重污染河川、水庫甚至地下水等水資源，會增加飲用者罹患重大疾病的危險外，更不適用於工業和農業。尤其是氣候異常帶來到處發生水災和旱災，其中旱災對水源的渴求不在話下，然而水災卻會造成財產和生命的損失和傷亡，並常發生土石流入水庫，降低其水容量，所以對水資源的儲備也是負面的。 In recent years, the rapid development of industry has not only led to a large increase in water consumption, but also seriously polluted water resources such as rivers, reservoirs and even groundwater, which will increase the risk of major diseases for drinkers, and is not applicable to industry and agriculture. In particular, climate anomalies bring floods and droughts everywhere. Among them, the thirst for water sources is not a problem. However, floods cause loss of property and life and casualties. Stones often flow into reservoirs and reduce their water capacity. The reserve of resources is also negative.
之前世界強權常為石油能源而發動「能源戰爭」，如今藏量豐富的頁岩油開發技術已可克服，今後能源爭霸現象將逐漸消退，取而代之的「水資源戰爭」將隨時可能發生。有鑑於海水是取之不竭用之不盡的水資源，所以海水淡化的開發是一項新興技術。惟因目前的處理製程卻有耗能、成本高及對海域環境生態破壞等缺點，致使企業界投資意願低。 Before the world powers often launched an "energy war" for oil energy, today's abundant shale oil development technology can be overcome. In the future, the energy hegemony phenomenon will gradually subside, and the "water war" will be replaced at any time. The development of desalination is an emerging technology in view of the inexhaustible water resources that seawater is inexhaustible. However, due to the shortcomings of the current treatment process, such as energy consumption, high cost and ecological damage to the sea environment, the investment willingness of the enterprise sector is low.
依據對海水施加靜電場後，其中正、負離子即受靜電力牽引，分別沿電場分開移動的原理，致使海水中鹽分消失而淡化。具體的作法是，先將經絕緣材料全護面的二金屬面材，予以平行隔開，作為直流高壓電源的正負極，並在二電極面中間空間，加裝平行分離的二片海水半透層面，使二電極面與二半透層面四者恆保持平行狀態，最後再利用絕緣材料供作頂部、底部及開放側面，以構成一封閉的海水淡化器，海水淡化器內部形成三個頂部相通，底部不相通的隔間。其中正電極面與鄰近半透層面所形成的隔間稱為負離子水儲存隔間；二半透層面所形成的中間隔間稱為淡水儲存隔間；負電極面與鄰近半透層面所形成的隔間稱為正離子水儲存隔間。上述三個儲水隔間的頂部設一通氣孔和一可調變流量的海水引進閥。淡水隔間的底部設有淡水排出口。負離子水隔間與正離子水隔間的底部則利用三通管連通抽水泵閥，以便使正、負離子水相混合生成濃縮海水向外排出。濃縮海水可提取富有價值的海鹽及相關化學元素和微量元素。海水半透層具有可通過受靜電力牽引的正、負離子及阻止水分子通過等特性。本發明海水淡化器的內部隔間或外部構造可採用方形體、圓管體或螺管體等三種形狀。本發明「海水淡化法」的特徵為設備體積小，成本低廉，節能和無環境汙染問題，適合使用在船艦上。 According to the principle that an electrostatic field is applied to seawater, the positive and negative ions are pulled by the electrostatic force and move separately along the electric field, so that the salt in the seawater disappears and fades. The specific method is to firstly separate the two metal surface materials of the entire surface of the insulating material in parallel, as the positive and negative poles of the DC high voltage power supply, and install two parallel seawater in the middle space of the two electrode faces. At the level, the two electrode faces and the two semi-transmissive layers are kept in a parallel state, and finally the insulating material is used as the top, the bottom and the open side to form a closed seawater desiccator, and the top of the seawater desiccator forms three tops. , the bottom of the compartment is not connected. The compartment formed by the positive electrode surface and the adjacent semi-transmissive layer is called a negative ion water storage compartment; the middle compartment formed by the two semi-permeable layers is called a fresh water storage compartment; the negative electrode surface is formed by the adjacent semi-transparent layer. The compartment is called a positive ion water storage compartment. The top of the three water storage compartments is provided with a vent hole and a seawater introduction valve with adjustable flow rate. There is a fresh water drain at the bottom of the freshwater compartment. The bottom of the negative ion water compartment and the positive ion water compartment is connected to the pumping valve by a tee pipe, so that the positive and negative ion water phases are mixed to form a concentrated seawater to be discharged outward. Concentrated seawater extracts valuable sea salt and related chemical and trace elements. The seawater semi-permeable layer has characteristics such as positive and negative ions that can be drawn by electrostatic force and the passage of water molecules. The internal compartment or external structure of the seawater desiccator of the present invention may take three shapes such as a square body, a round pipe body or a solenoid body. The "seawater desalination method" of the present invention is characterized by small size, low cost, energy saving and no environmental pollution, and is suitable for use on a ship.
1‧‧‧淡水出口閥 1‧‧‧ Freshwater outlet valve
2‧‧‧可調海水流量引進閥 2‧‧‧Adjustable seawater flow introduction valve
3‧‧‧海水 3‧‧‧ seawater
4‧‧‧滿水位 4‧‧‧ full water level
5‧‧‧正離子水隔間 5‧‧‧Ion ion water compartment
6‧‧‧淡水隔間 6‧‧‧ Freshwater compartment
7‧‧‧負離子水隔間 7‧‧‧ Negative ion water compartment
8‧‧‧高壓直流電源 8‧‧‧High voltage DC power supply
9‧‧‧電開關 9‧‧‧Electric switch
10‧‧‧外圓管型負電極 10‧‧‧External tubular negative electrode
11‧‧‧內圓管型正電極 11‧‧‧Inner tubular positive electrode
12‧‧‧內圓管半透層 12‧‧‧ inner tube semi-permeable layer
13‧‧‧外圓管半透層 13‧‧‧ outer tube semi-permeable layer
14‧‧‧正離子水 14‧‧‧Ion ionized water
15‧‧‧負離子水 15‧‧‧Negative ionized water
16‧‧‧電動機 16‧‧‧Electric motor
17‧‧‧抽水泵浦 17‧‧‧ pumping pump
18‧‧‧濃縮海水 18‧‧‧Concentrated seawater
19‧‧‧淡水 19‧‧‧ Freshwater
20‧‧‧淡水流量計 20‧‧‧Freshwater flowmeter
21‧‧‧濃縮海水流量計 21‧‧‧Concentrated seawater flowmeter
22‧‧‧電路控制盤 22‧‧‧Circuit control panel
23‧‧‧淡水流量信號電線 23‧‧‧Freshwater flow signal wire
24‧‧‧濃縮海水流量信號電線 24‧‧‧Concentrated seawater flow signal wire
25‧‧‧可調海水流量信號電線 25‧‧‧Adjustable seawater flow signal wire
26‧‧‧絕緣體材料 26‧‧‧Insulator materials
27‧‧‧通風口 27‧‧‧ vents
28‧‧‧三通管 28‧‧‧Three-way pipe
29‧‧‧濃縮海水出口閥 29‧‧‧Concentrated seawater outlet valve
第1圖為同心管型靜電處理海水淡化器正面剖視示意圖 Figure 1 is a front cross-sectional view of a concentric tube type electrostatically treated seawater desalinator
上述本發明海水淡化器有三種構造，第1圖係表示其中一種圓管體構造。使用時，先關閉淡水出口閥1，然後打開可調海水流量引進閥 2，注入海水3至滿水位4，此時正離子水隔間5、淡水隔間6和負離子水隔間7均儲存海水3至同一滿水位4，接通高壓直流電源8的電開關9，使高壓直流電充入外圓管型負電極10和內圓管型正電極11。在靜電力牽引下，海水中正離子和負離子二者就行反向穿過內圓管半透層12、外圓管半透層13，終使正離子匯集在正離子水隔間5，生成正離子水14，負離子匯集在負離子水隔間7，生成負離子水15，因此，淡水隔間6內的海水就失去鹽分變成淡水19。海水淡化的生產運轉過程，需同時打開淡水出口閥1，濃縮海水出口閥29，發動電動機16以帶動抽水泵浦17，於是正離子水14和負離子水15得藉三通管28混合變成濃縮海水18。淡水19和濃縮海水18的流出率則利用淡水流量計20和濃縮海水流量計21記錄，分別傳至電路控制盤22合計流量，藉以控制可調節流量的海水引進閥2，使得海水淡化器的進出水量恆維持平衡狀態。 The above-described seawater desiccator of the present invention has three configurations, and Fig. 1 shows one of the circular tube structures. When in use, first close the fresh water outlet valve 1 and then open the adjustable seawater flow introduction valve 2, injecting seawater 3 to full water level 4, at this time, the positive ion water compartment 5, the fresh water compartment 6 and the negative ion water compartment 7 all store seawater 3 to the same full water level 4, and turn on the electric switch 9 of the high voltage direct current power source 8, The high voltage direct current is charged into the outer tube type negative electrode 10 and the inner tube type positive electrode 11. Under the electrostatic force traction, both positive ions and negative ions in the seawater pass through the inner tube semi-permeable layer 12 and the outer tube semi-transmissive layer 13 to finally collect the positive ions in the positive ion water compartment 5 to generate positive ions. The water 14 and the negative ions are collected in the negative ion water compartment 7 to generate the negative ion water 15, and therefore, the seawater in the fresh water compartment 6 loses the salt and becomes the fresh water 19. In the production operation process of seawater desalination, it is necessary to simultaneously open the fresh water outlet valve 1, concentrate the seawater outlet valve 29, and start the motor 16 to drive the pump 17, so that the positive ion water 14 and the negative ion water 15 are mixed by the tee tube 28 to become concentrated seawater. 18. The outflow rate of the fresh water 19 and the concentrated seawater 18 is recorded by the fresh water flow meter 20 and the concentrated seawater flow meter 21, and respectively transmitted to the circuit control panel 22 for the total flow rate, thereby controlling the seawater introduction valve 2 of the adjustable flow rate, so that the seawater desalination device can enter and exit. The amount of water is always in equilibrium.
1‧‧‧淡水出口閥 1‧‧‧ Freshwater outlet valve
2‧‧‧可調海水流量引進閥 2‧‧‧Adjustable seawater flow introduction valve
3‧‧‧海水 3‧‧‧ seawater
4‧‧‧滿水位 4‧‧‧ full water level
5‧‧‧正離子水隔間 5‧‧‧Ion ion water compartment
6‧‧‧淡水隔間 6‧‧‧ Freshwater compartment
7‧‧‧負離子水隔間 7‧‧‧ Negative ion water compartment
8‧‧‧高壓直流電源 8‧‧‧High voltage DC power supply
9‧‧‧電開關 9‧‧‧Electric switch
10‧‧‧外圓管型負電極 10‧‧‧External tubular negative electrode
11‧‧‧內圓管型正電極 11‧‧‧Inner tubular positive electrode
12‧‧‧內圓管半透層 12‧‧‧ inner tube semi-permeable layer
13‧‧‧外圓管半透層 13‧‧‧ outer tube semi-permeable layer
14‧‧‧正離子水 14‧‧‧Ion ionized water
15‧‧‧負離子水 15‧‧‧Negative ionized water
16‧‧‧電動機 16‧‧‧Electric motor
17‧‧‧抽水泵浦 17‧‧‧ pumping pump
18‧‧‧濃縮海水 18‧‧‧Concentrated seawater
19‧‧‧淡水 19‧‧‧ Freshwater
20‧‧‧淡水流量計 20‧‧‧Freshwater flowmeter
21‧‧‧濃縮海水流量計 21‧‧‧Concentrated seawater flowmeter
22‧‧‧電路控制盤 22‧‧‧Circuit control panel
23‧‧‧淡水流量信號電線 23‧‧‧Freshwater flow signal wire
24‧‧‧濃縮海水流量信號電線 24‧‧‧Concentrated seawater flow signal wire
25‧‧‧可調海水流量信號電線 25‧‧‧Adjustable seawater flow signal wire
26‧‧‧絕緣材料 26‧‧‧Insulation materials
27‧‧‧通風口 27‧‧‧ vents
28‧‧‧三通管 28‧‧‧Three-way pipe
29‧‧‧濃縮海水出口閥 29‧‧‧Concentrated seawater outlet valve
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| TW102137607A TWI537217B (en) | 2013-10-18 | 2013-10-18 | Electrostatic treatment of seawater desalination |
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| TW102137607A TWI537217B (en) | 2013-10-18 | 2013-10-18 | Electrostatic treatment of seawater desalination |
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| TW201516003A TW201516003A (en) | 2015-05-01 |
| TWI537217B true TWI537217B (en) | 2016-06-11 |
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| CN112239249B (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2023-05-05 | 南京理工大学 | Reverse osmosis sea water desalination system based on electric non-uniform concentration field |
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