TWI522545B - One-way clutch - Google Patents

Description

單向離合器One-way clutch

本創作是關於一種單向離合器，尤指一種應用於機動車輛之啟動機構中提供離合控制功能之單向離合器創作。The present invention relates to a one-way clutch, and more particularly to a one-way clutch creation that provides a clutch control function in a starting mechanism of a motor vehicle.

目前應用於機動車輛之啟動機構中的單向離合器組成構造，如圖8所示，其主要係於一圓形盤體50中設有一軸孔51以及環列於軸孔51孔緣且具有傾斜角度的複數容置槽52，圓形盤體50外周面還斜向鑽設複數個分別自外側貫通至各容置槽52之貫孔53，各容置槽52中裝設一離合塊60，各貫孔53分別置入一推抵塊61與一彈簧62，並以固定塊54封閉於每一貫孔53外端口，推抵塊61藉由彈簧62提供的彈力而緊抵著離合塊60。The one-way clutch assembly structure currently applied to the starting mechanism of a motor vehicle is as shown in FIG. 8 , which is mainly provided with a shaft hole 51 in a circular disk body 50 and a ring edge on the hole edge of the shaft hole 51 and has a tilt. The plurality of accommodating grooves 52 of the angle, the outer peripheral surface of the circular disk body 50 is also obliquely drilled with a plurality of through holes 53 respectively extending from the outer side to the accommodating grooves 52, and each of the accommodating grooves 52 is provided with a clutch block 60. Each of the through holes 53 is respectively inserted into a pushing block 61 and a spring 62, and is closed by the fixing block 54 at the outer port of each of the continuous holes 53, and the pushing block 61 is pressed against the clutch block 60 by the elastic force provided by the spring 62.

前述習知單向離合器應用於機動車輛時，該單向離合器係以其圓形盤體組接啟動機構之動力輸出端，另以圓形盤體的軸孔提供傳動軸組設其中。當啟動機構輸出旋轉動力時，該單向離合器被驅動旋轉，並藉由圓形盤體中被彈力推抵的離合塊緊抵夾持傳動軸，而帶動傳動件驅動引擎運轉。於引擎開始運轉後，連接引擎之傳動軸轉速大於連接啟動機構驅動單向離合器的轉速，此時，傳動軸經由離合塊及其側邊的推抵塊壓縮彈簧，進而使傳動軸能滑過離合塊，藉此防止引擎動力傳回啟動機構中。When the conventional one-way clutch is applied to a motor vehicle, the one-way clutch is assembled with a power output end of the circular disk body and the drive shaft is provided with a shaft hole of the circular disk body. When the starting mechanism outputs the rotational power, the one-way clutch is driven to rotate, and the clutch member drives the engine to operate by the clutch block that is pushed by the elastic force in the circular disk body to abut the clamping drive shaft. After the engine starts running, the speed of the drive shaft connecting the engine is greater than the speed of the one-way clutch driven by the connecting start mechanism. At this time, the drive shaft compresses the spring through the clutch block and the side of the push block, so that the drive shaft can slide over the clutch. Block, thereby preventing engine power from being transmitted back to the starting mechanism.

惟前揭習知的單向離合器雖能應用於機動車輛中提供單向驅動之功能，然而，該單向離合器中係利用分布設置於圓形盤體中的離合塊結合推抵塊、彈簧等構件提供離合機構，而有構件多，組裝費時費工之問題。而且，該單向離合器於使用過程中，會因推抵塊與彈簧經常性緊抵與釋放離合塊的動作，因彈簧頂抵之推抵塊、圓形盤體與離合塊間的磨擦而產生較大的噪音，且離合塊易磨損而降低單向離合器之使用壽命。However, the previously disclosed one-way clutch can be applied to provide a one-way driving function in a motor vehicle. However, the one-way clutch uses a clutch block distributed in a circular disk body to be combined with a push block, a spring, and the like. The component provides a clutch mechanism, and there are many components, and the assembly takes time and labor. Moreover, during the use of the one-way clutch, the action of the clutch block and the spring is frequently pressed against and released from the clutch block, and the spring top abuts against the friction between the block, the circular disk body and the clutch block. Larger noise, and the clutch block is easy to wear and reduces the service life of the one-way clutch.

此外，因單向離合器必須於圓形盤體周邊鑽設斜向通孔，因斜向通孔的角度限制，至少僅能於圓形盤體周邊鑽設三個斜向通孔，難以增設更多的斜向通孔來組裝由離合塊、推抵塊與彈簧組成的離合機構，因此，於傳動過程中，作用於單向離合器上的負載僅由該三個離合塊共同承受，使得每一離合塊有負載力量偏大之問題。In addition, since the one-way clutch must be drilled with an oblique through hole around the circular disk body, because of the angle limitation of the oblique through hole, at least three oblique through holes can be drilled around the circular disk body, and it is difficult to add more A plurality of oblique through holes are assembled to assemble a clutch mechanism composed of a clutch block, a push block and a spring. Therefore, during the transmission process, the load acting on the one-way clutch is only shared by the three clutch blocks, so that each The clutch block has a problem of a large load force.

本創作之主要目的在於提供一種單向離合器，希藉此創作，解決現有單向離合器部件多、組裝費時費工與噪音大等問題。The main purpose of this creation is to provide a one-way clutch, which is designed to solve the problems of the existing one-way clutch components, assembly time-consuming labor and noise.

為達成前揭目的，本創作所提出之單向離合器係包含：一圓形盤體，其中形成一軸孔，以及多個環列於軸孔孔周緣的斜向容置槽，容置槽兩端分別為一窄槽端與一寬槽端；多個永久磁性部，係分布設置於圓形盤體中，且分別鄰近每一容置槽之窄槽端；以及多個離合部件，係可旋轉地裝設於圓形盤體的每一容置槽中，所述離合部件係具有導磁性材料製成的部件，且能受永久磁性部磁吸而移至容置槽的窄槽端。In order to achieve the above objective, the one-way clutch proposed by the present invention comprises: a circular disk body in which a shaft hole is formed, and a plurality of oblique receiving grooves arranged in the periphery of the shaft hole hole are accommodated at both ends of the groove a narrow slot end and a wide slot end; a plurality of permanent magnetic portions are disposed in the circular disk body and adjacent to the narrow slot ends of each of the receiving slots; and the plurality of clutch members are rotatable The grounding member is mounted in each of the accommodating grooves of the circular disk body, and the clutch member is made of a magnetic material and can be magnetically moved by the permanent magnetic portion to the narrow groove end of the accommodating groove.

藉由前揭單向離合器整體組成構造創作，其主要利用圓形盤體中之永久磁性部磁吸離合部件朝特定方向移動，使其具備必要的離合控制機能，且相較於習知單向離合器利用彈簧與推抵塊抵接離合塊之組合構造，本創作不僅能減少部件數量，使該單向離合器之組裝，省時省工，且能避免習知單向離合器因彈簧頂抵之推抵塊經常性緊抵與釋放離合塊的動作，以及推抵塊與離合塊間經常性的磨擦，而能有效降低噪音。再者，本創作單向離合器係以永久磁性部磁吸離合部件，於使用過程中能有效減少離合部件的磨損，進而延長該單向離合部件之使用壽命。By pre-extracting the one-way clutch overall composition structure, it mainly uses the permanent magnetic part magnetic clutch component in the circular disk body to move in a specific direction, so that it has the necessary clutch control function, and compared with the conventional one-way The clutch utilizes a combination of a spring and a pushing block to abut the clutch block. This creation not only reduces the number of components, but also makes the one-way clutch assembly, saves time and labor, and can avoid the conventional one-way clutch being pushed by the spring top. The block often tightens and releases the clutch, and pushes the regular friction between the block and the clutch block to effectively reduce noise. Furthermore, the one-way clutch of the present invention is a permanent magnetic part magnetic clutch member, which can effectively reduce the wear of the clutch member during use, thereby prolonging the service life of the one-way clutch member.

另一方面，本創作因係永久磁性部磁吸離合部件達到離合控制機能，無習知單向離合器於圓形盤體設置斜向通孔的角度限制而能僅設置三個離合塊之問題，故本創作單向離合器能因應傳動之需求而增設離合部件的數量，降低每一離合部件的負載，克服習知單向離合器於傳動過程每一離合塊負載偏大之問題。On the other hand, the present invention achieves the clutch control function due to the permanent magnetic part magnetic clutch component, and there is no known problem that the one-way clutch can set only three clutch blocks in the circular disk body by setting the angle of the oblique through hole. Therefore, the one-way clutch can increase the number of clutch components according to the demand of the transmission, reduce the load of each clutch component, and overcome the problem that the conventional one-way clutch has a large load per clutch in the transmission process.

如圖1所示，係揭示本創作單向離合器之一較佳實施例，由圖式中可以見及，所述單向離合器係包含一個圓形盤體10、多個永久磁性部20、以及多個離合部件30。As shown in FIG. 1, a preferred embodiment of the present invention is disclosed. As can be seen from the drawings, the one-way clutch includes a circular disk body 10, a plurality of permanent magnetic portions 20, and A plurality of clutch members 30.

如圖1所示，所述圓形盤體10以非導磁性材料製成的部件為佳，該圓形盤體10中形成一軸孔11以及多個容置槽12。所述圓形盤體10還可於每一容置槽12軸向的一側形成槽底板。如圖1所示，所述多個容置槽12係均布環列於軸孔11孔周緣，中，每一容置槽12具有一槽口以及一槽內壁面，槽口連通軸孔11，槽內壁面係位於容置槽12遠離槽口之一側，每一容置槽12之槽內壁面相對於軸孔11呈一定傾斜角度，使容置槽12具有一寬度較小的窄槽端121與一寬度較大的寬槽端122。As shown in FIG. 1, the circular disk body 10 is preferably a member made of a non-magnetic material, and a circular hole 11 and a plurality of accommodating grooves 12 are formed in the circular disk body 10. The circular disk body 10 can also form a groove bottom plate on one side of the axial direction of each of the accommodating grooves 12. As shown in FIG. 1 , the plurality of accommodating grooves 12 are arranged in a circumferential direction of the hole of the shaft hole 11 , and each of the accommodating grooves 12 has a notch and a groove inner wall surface, and the notch communicates with the shaft hole 11 . The inner wall surface of the groove is located on one side of the accommodating groove 12 away from the groove, and the inner wall surface of each accommodating groove 12 is inclined at an angle with respect to the shaft hole 11 so that the accommodating groove 12 has a narrow groove with a small width. End 121 is a wide slot end 122 having a larger width.

如圖1及圖2所示，前述圓形盤體10之容置槽12數量以至少三個為佳，亦即容置槽12依單向離合器之負載而增加其數量，因此，容置槽12之數量可為三個、四個、五個、六個或六個以上等。As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the number of the receiving slots 12 of the circular disk body 10 is preferably at least three, that is, the receiving slot 12 is increased in number according to the load of the one-way clutch, and therefore, the receiving slot The number of 12 may be three, four, five, six or more.

如圖1所示，於本較佳實施例，所述圓形盤體10還於鄰近每一容置槽12窄槽端121之區段處各設有一嵌槽13。如圖1所示之較佳實施例，所述嵌槽13設於圓形盤體10之鄰近容置槽12窄槽端121之徑向區段處；如圖3所示之較佳實施例,所述嵌槽13設於圓形盤體10之鄰近容置槽12窄槽端121之遠離寬槽端之側邊區段處；如圖4及圖5所示，所述圓形盤體10還可於每一容置槽12軸向的一側形成槽底板14，所述嵌槽13設於圓形盤體10之槽底板14鄰近容置槽12窄槽端121之區段處。As shown in FIG. 1 , in the preferred embodiment, the circular disk body 10 is further provided with a recess 13 at a section adjacent to the narrow slot end 121 of each receiving slot 12 . As shown in the preferred embodiment of FIG. 1, the slot 13 is disposed at a radial portion of the circular disk body 10 adjacent the narrow slot end 121 of the receiving slot 12; The slot 13 is disposed at a side section of the circular disk body 10 adjacent to the narrow slot end 121 of the accommodating slot 12 away from the wide slot end; as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the circular disk body The groove bottom plate 14 is also formed on one side of the axial direction of each of the accommodating grooves 12, and the groove 13 is provided at a section of the groove bottom plate 14 of the circular disk body 10 adjacent to the narrow groove end 121 of the accommodating groove 12.

如圖1、圖3或圖4所示，所述多個永久磁性部20係分別設置於圓形盤體10的每一嵌槽13中，並能長時間提供磁力。所述永久磁性部20可為圓形盤體10之一部分經磁化而成，或者，所述永久磁性部20為獨立的構件，並嵌入圓形盤體10之嵌槽13中。As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 or FIG. 4, the plurality of permanent magnetic portions 20 are respectively disposed in each of the cavities 13 of the circular disk body 10, and can provide a magnetic force for a long time. The permanent magnetic portion 20 may be partially magnetized by a portion of the circular disk body 10, or the permanent magnetic portion 20 may be a separate member and embedded in the recess 13 of the circular disk body 10.

如圖1、圖3或圖4所示，所述離合部件30係具有導磁性材料所製成的部件，所述離合部件30可為圓球形或圓柱形等型態之部件，所述離合部件30係分別裝設於圓形盤體10的每一容置槽12中，且能於容置槽12之窄槽端121與寬槽端122之間移動，每一離合部件30受永久磁性部20磁力作用而能自動移至容置槽12的窄槽端121，所述離合部件30之直徑大於容置槽12窄槽端121寬度且小於容置槽12寬槽端122寬度，使離合部件30位於圓形盤體10之容置槽12窄槽端121位置時，離合部件30能伸入軸孔11內。前述離合部件30為圓柱形部件時，其中心軸是平行於圓形盤體10的中心軸。As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 or FIG. 4, the clutch member 30 is a member made of a magnetically permeable material, and the clutch member 30 may be a spherical or cylindrical member, and the clutch member. The 30 series are respectively disposed in each of the accommodating grooves 12 of the circular disk body 10, and are movable between the narrow groove end 121 and the wide groove end 122 of the accommodating groove 12, and each of the clutch members 30 is subjected to a permanent magnetic portion. 20 magnetic force can be automatically moved to the narrow slot end 121 of the accommodating slot 12, the diameter of the clutch member 30 is larger than the width of the narrow slot end 121 of the accommodating slot 12 and smaller than the width of the slot end 122 of the accommodating slot 12, so that the clutch component When the 30 is located at the narrow slot end 121 of the receiving slot 12 of the circular disk body 10, the clutch member 30 can extend into the shaft hole 11. When the clutch member 30 is a cylindrical member, its central axis is parallel to the central axis of the circular disk body 10.

如圖6及圖7所示，以圖1所示之較佳實施例為例，當本創作單向離合器應用於機動車輛時，係以該單向離合器之圓形盤體10組接啟動機構之動力輸出端，另以圓形盤體10的軸孔11提供傳動軸40組設其中。當啟動機構輸出旋轉動力時，該單向離合器被驅動旋轉，並藉由圓形盤體10中被永久磁性部20磁吸移至容置槽12窄槽端121的離合部件30共同緊抵夾持傳動軸40，進而帶動傳動軸40驅動引擎運轉。於引擎開始運轉後，連接引擎之傳動軸40轉速大於連接啟動機構驅動之單向離合器轉速，此時，傳動軸40克服離合部件30被永久磁性部20磁吸之磁力，以及離合部件30受到離心力之作用，而使傳動軸40能滑過離合部件30，防止引擎動力傳回啟動機構中，達到單向傳動之離合控制目的。As shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , taking the preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 1 as an example, when the one-way clutch of the present invention is applied to a motor vehicle, the circular disk body 10 of the one-way clutch is assembled with an activation mechanism. At the power output end, a drive shaft 40 is provided in the shaft hole 11 of the circular disk body 10. When the starting mechanism outputs the rotational power, the one-way clutch is driven to rotate and is clamped to the clamp by the clutch member 30 of the circular disk body 10 that is magnetically attracted to the narrow groove end 121 of the receiving groove 12 by the permanent magnetic portion 20. The drive shaft 40 is held to drive the drive shaft 40 to drive the engine. After the engine starts running, the speed of the drive shaft 40 connecting the engine is greater than the one-way clutch speed driven by the connection starting mechanism. At this time, the transmission shaft 40 overcomes the magnetic force of the clutch member 30 being magnetized by the permanent magnetic portion 20, and the clutch member 30 is subjected to centrifugal force. The function of the drive shaft 40 can be slid through the clutch member 30 to prevent the engine power from being transmitted back to the starting mechanism to achieve the purpose of the one-way transmission clutch control.

10‧‧‧圓形盤體
11‧‧‧軸孔
12‧‧‧容置槽
121‧‧‧窄槽端
122‧‧‧寬槽端
13‧‧‧嵌槽
14‧‧‧槽底板
20‧‧‧永久磁性部
30‧‧‧離合部件
40‧‧‧傳動軸
50‧‧‧圓形盤體
51‧‧‧軸孔
52‧‧‧容置槽
53‧‧‧貫孔
54‧‧‧固定塊
60‧‧‧離合塊
61‧‧‧推抵塊
62‧‧‧彈簧10‧‧‧Circular body
11‧‧‧Axis hole
12‧‧‧ accommodating slots
121‧‧‧ narrow slot end
122‧‧‧ wide slot end
13‧‧‧Inlay
14‧‧‧Slot bottom plate
20‧‧‧Permanent Magnetics
30‧‧‧Clear parts
40‧‧‧Drive shaft
50‧‧‧Circular body
51‧‧‧Axis hole
52‧‧‧ accommodating slots
53‧‧‧through holes
54‧‧‧Fixed block
60‧‧‧Clutch
61‧‧‧ pushed block
62‧‧‧ Spring

圖1係本創作單向離合器之第一較佳實施例之平面示意圖。圖2係本創作單向離合器第一較佳實施例增加容置槽數量之平面示意圖。圖3係本創作單向離合器之第二較佳實施例之平面示意圖。圖4係本創作單向離合器之第三較佳實施例之平面示意圖。圖5係圖4所示單向離合器第三較佳實施例之局部剖面示意圖。圖6係圖1所示單向離合器較佳實施例之使用狀態參考圖(一)。圖7係圖1所示單向離合器較佳實施例之使用狀態參考圖(二)。圖8係習知單向離合器之平面示意圖。1 is a plan view showing a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing the number of accommodating slots in the first preferred embodiment of the present invention. 3 is a plan view showing a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. 4 is a plan view showing a third preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a third preferred embodiment of the one-way clutch shown in Figure 4. Figure 6 is a reference view (I) of the use state of the preferred embodiment of the one-way clutch shown in Figure 1. Figure 7 is a diagram (II) showing the state of use of the preferred embodiment of the one-way clutch shown in Figure 1. Figure 8 is a plan view of a conventional one-way clutch.

10‧‧‧圓形盤體 10‧‧‧Circular body

11‧‧‧軸孔 11‧‧‧Axis hole

12‧‧‧容置槽 12‧‧‧ accommodating slots

121‧‧‧窄槽端 121‧‧‧ narrow slot end

122‧‧‧寬槽端 122‧‧‧ wide slot end

13‧‧‧嵌槽 13‧‧‧Inlay

20‧‧‧永久磁性部 20‧‧‧Permanent Magnetics

30‧‧‧離合部件 30‧‧‧Clear parts

Claims (6)

一種單向離合器，係包含：一非導磁性的圓形盤體，其中形成一軸孔，以及多個環列於軸孔孔周緣的斜向容置槽，每一容置槽包含一連通軸孔的槽口以及一離槽口的槽內壁面，所述槽內壁面相對於軸孔呈一傾斜角度，使容置槽兩端分別為一窄槽端與一寬槽端，該圓形盤體鄰近每一容置槽的窄槽端處分別設有一嵌槽；多個永久磁性部，係分布設置於圓形盤體的每一嵌槽中，且分別鄰近每一容置槽之窄槽端；以及多個離合部件，係可旋轉地裝設於圓形盤體的每一容置槽中，所述離合部件係具有導磁性材料製成的部件，且能受永久磁性部磁吸而移至容置槽的窄槽端。 A one-way clutch includes: a non-magnetically-conducting circular disk body, wherein a shaft hole is formed, and a plurality of oblique accommodating grooves are arranged in a circumference of the shaft hole hole, and each accommodating groove includes a connecting shaft hole a notch and an inner wall surface of the slot, the inner wall surface of the slot is inclined at an angle relative to the shaft hole, so that the two ends of the receiving slot are a narrow slot end and a wide slot end, respectively. A recessed groove is disposed adjacent to each of the narrow groove ends of each of the accommodating slots; a plurality of permanent magnetic portions are disposed in each of the recessed slots of the circular disk body, and adjacent to the narrow slot ends of each of the accommodating slots And a plurality of clutch members rotatably mounted in each of the accommodating grooves of the circular disk body, the clutch member being a member made of a magnetic material and capable of being magnetized by the permanent magnetic portion To the narrow slot end of the slot. 如請求項1所述之單向離合器，其中，所述離合部件為圓球形部件。 The one-way clutch of claim 1, wherein the clutch member is a spherical member. 如請求項1所述之單向離合器，其中，所述離合部件為圓柱形部件，離合部件之中心軸平行於圓形盤體的中心軸。 The one-way clutch of claim 1, wherein the clutch member is a cylindrical member, and a central axis of the clutch member is parallel to a central axis of the circular disk. 如請求項1至3中任一項所述之單向離合器，其中，所述嵌槽設於圓形盤體鄰近容置槽窄槽端之徑向區段處。 The one-way clutch of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the slot is provided at a radial section of the circular disk adjacent the narrow slot end of the receiving slot. 如請求項1至3中任一項所述之單向離合器，其中，所述嵌槽設於圓形盤體鄰近容置槽窄槽端且遠離寬槽端之側邊區段。 The one-way clutch of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the slot is provided in a side section of the circular disk body adjacent to the narrow slot end of the receiving slot and away from the wide slot end. 如請求項1至3中任一項所述之單向離合器，其中，所述圓形盤體於每一容置槽軸向的一側形成槽底板，所述嵌槽設於圓形盤體之槽底板鄰近容置槽窄槽端之區段處。 The one-way clutch according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the circular disk body forms a groove bottom plate on one side of the axial direction of each accommodating groove, and the groove is provided in the circular disk body. The bottom plate of the slot is adjacent to the section of the narrow slot end of the receiving slot.