TWI521136B - Wind turbine generator - Google Patents

Wind turbine generator Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI521136B
TWI521136B TW102147958A TW102147958A TWI521136B TW I521136 B TWI521136 B TW I521136B TW 102147958 A TW102147958 A TW 102147958A TW 102147958 A TW102147958 A TW 102147958A TW I521136 B TWI521136 B TW I521136B
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
hub
pump
bearing
blade
disposed
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TW102147958A
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Chinese (zh)
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TW201447104A (en
Inventor
小畑了仁
向井寬
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日立製作所股份有限公司
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/28—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being a pump or a compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D15/00—Transmission of mechanical power
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/40—Transmission of power
    • F05B2260/406—Transmission of power through hydraulic systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
    • Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Description

風力發電裝置 Wind power generator

本發明是關於將轉子的旋轉能量經由介質作為壓力來傳達，使用該壓力進行發電運轉的風力發電裝置，尤其關於將旋轉能量轉換為壓力的泵浦的設置等技術。 The present invention relates to a wind power generator that uses a medium to transmit rotational energy of a rotor as a pressure, and uses the pressure to perform a power generation operation, and particularly relates to a technique of setting a pump that converts rotational energy into pressure.

近年來作為發電裝置利用風力能量的風力發電裝置迅速普及。風力發電裝置，是將風力的運動能量轉換為轉子的旋轉能量，並且使用轉子的旋轉能量將發電機發電運轉，而產生電力的裝置。 In recent years, wind power generation devices that use wind energy as power generation devices have rapidly spread. The wind power generator is a device that converts the kinetic energy of the wind into the rotational energy of the rotor, and uses the rotational energy of the rotor to generate electricity by the generator to generate electric power.

在習知的這種風力發電裝置，藉由風力而旋轉的轉子的轉數小於進行發電的發電機的額定轉數，所以藉由在轉子與發電機之間設置機械式(齒輪式)的增速機，將其增速至發電機的額定轉數而輸入到發電機。 In the conventional wind power generator, the number of revolutions of the rotor that is rotated by the wind is smaller than the rated number of revolutions of the generator that generates the power, so that a mechanical (gear type) is provided between the rotor and the generator. The speed machine is increased to the rated number of revolutions of the generator and input to the generator.

而且近年來以提升發電效率為目的，風力發電裝置逐漸大型化、大輸出化，伴隨著讓轉子本身的重量與傳達的轉矩增加，將這些構造支承且進行傳達的支承構 件及增速機的構造複雜化與重量增加的情形也增加，且有成本增加的傾向。 In recent years, in order to increase the power generation efficiency, the wind power generation device has been gradually increased in size and output, and the support structure that supports and transmits these structures is accompanied by an increase in the weight of the rotor itself and the transmitted torque. The construction of the parts and the speed increaser is complicated and the weight increase is also increased, and there is a tendency for the cost to increase.

藉由進一步大型化、大輸出化，風力造成的變動荷重也變大，增速機、支承構件或這些構造的支承構造為了確保與強大的變動荷重對應的強度，其重量增加且成本也增加。 By further increasing the size and output, the variable load due to wind power is also increased, and the speed increaser, the support member, or the support structure of these structures are increased in weight and cost in order to secure strength corresponding to a strong variable load.

尤其為了抑制與葉片強度或風力發電裝置產生的噪音有很大相關的翼端速度的上升的目的，伴隨著大型化(轉子大直徑化)而有使轉子的轉數降低的傾向。除了大輸出化之外，藉由該轉子的轉數降低，從轉子傳達到增速機的轉矩會有飛躍性增加的傾向。可傳達該大轉矩的機械式的增速機可預測到會是複雜且大型而重量大的構造。 In particular, in order to suppress an increase in the blade end speed which is greatly related to the blade strength or the noise generated by the wind turbine generator, the number of revolutions of the rotor tends to decrease as the size of the rotor (larger diameter of the rotor) increases. In addition to the large output, the torque transmitted from the rotor to the speed increaser tends to increase dramatically as the number of revolutions of the rotor decreases. A mechanical speed increaser that can communicate this large torque can be predicted to be a complex and large and heavy construction.

因此，取代機械式的增速機作為新的動力傳達裝置，例如在專利文獻1記載有採用油壓變速器的風力發電系統。 Therefore, in place of the mechanical speed increaser as a new power transmission device, for example, Patent Document 1 describes a wind power generation system using a hydraulic transmission.

在專利文獻1記載有一種風力發電系統，具備有油壓變速器，該油壓變速器是由：安裝成與主軸鄰接的油壓泵浦、及藉由油壓泵浦的油壓油所驅動的油壓馬達所構成。在該風力發電系統，藉由轉子的旋轉使與轉子連接的主軸旋轉，藉由主軸的旋轉來驅動油壓馬達泵浦。從該油壓泵浦將油壓油輸送到油壓馬達，藉由該油壓馬達的旋轉使發電機旋轉來進行發電。 Patent Document 1 discloses a wind power generation system including a hydraulic transmission that is driven by an oil pump that is attached to a spindle and a hydraulic oil that is pumped by hydraulic pressure. Compressed by a motor. In the wind power generation system, the main shaft connected to the rotor is rotated by the rotation of the rotor, and the hydraulic motor is driven to be driven by the rotation of the main shaft. The hydraulic oil is pumped from the hydraulic pump to the hydraulic motor, and the generator is rotated by the rotation of the hydraulic motor to generate electricity.

[先行技術文獻] [Advanced technical literature] [專利文獻] [Patent Literature]

[專利文獻1]美國專利申請公開第2010/0032959號公報 [Patent Document 1] US Patent Application Publication No. 2010/0032959

可是上述專利文獻1的構造，具備有轂部、與配置在轂部的外側的主軸；在該主軸的外徑側具備有油壓泵浦。於是將轂部、主軸及泵浦組合成的全長度會變長，且導致重量增加，結果需要使將這些構造支承的構件的強度提升等，且不能從可靠度或經濟性的觀點充分考慮。 However, the structure of Patent Document 1 includes a hub portion and a main shaft disposed outside the hub portion, and hydraulic pumping is provided on the outer diameter side of the main shaft. Therefore, the total length of the combination of the hub portion, the main shaft, and the pump becomes long, and the weight is increased. As a result, the strength of the members supporting these structures needs to be improved, and the like, and cannot be sufficiently considered from the viewpoint of reliability or economy.

因此在本發明，其目的要提供一種風力發電裝置，能使可靠度或經濟性提升。 Therefore, in the present invention, it is an object of the invention to provide a wind power generator which can improve reliability or economy.

為了解決上述課題，本發明的風力發電裝置，具備有：受到風力而旋轉的葉片、支承該葉片且與該葉片一起旋轉的轂部、伴隨上述葉片的旋轉使內部的壓力變化的泵浦、以及根據從該泵浦所產生的壓力變化進行發電運轉的發電機；上述泵浦，至少一部分配置於上述轂部內，並且伴隨上述轂部的旋轉提高其內部的壓力。 In order to solve the problem, the wind turbine generator of the present invention includes: a blade that rotates by wind, a hub that supports the blade and rotates together with the blade, and a pump that changes internal pressure accompanying rotation of the blade, and The generator that performs the power generation operation based on the pressure change generated by the pump; at least a part of the pump is disposed in the hub portion, and the pressure inside the hub portion is increased as the hub portion rotates.

藉由本發明可提供一種風力發電裝置，能使可靠度或經濟性提升。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a wind power generation device which can improve reliability or economy.

1‧‧‧轉子 1‧‧‧Rotor

2‧‧‧支承構件 2‧‧‧Support members

3‧‧‧地基部 3‧‧‧ Foundation

4‧‧‧塔部 4‧‧‧Tower

5‧‧‧油壓泵浦 5‧‧‧Hydraulic pump

6‧‧‧油壓配管 6‧‧‧Hydraulic piping

7‧‧‧油壓馬達 7‧‧‧Hydraulic motor

8‧‧‧發電機 8‧‧‧Generator

9‧‧‧轉子旋轉軸 9‧‧‧Rotor rotation axis

10‧‧‧機艙 10‧‧‧Cabinet

11‧‧‧機頭外殼 11‧‧‧ nose casing

12‧‧‧軸承 12‧‧‧ bearing

13‧‧‧旋轉接頭 13‧‧‧Rotary joint

100‧‧‧風力發電裝置 100‧‧‧Wind power plant

第1圖是顯示風力發電裝置的全體的概要情形的全體立體圖。 Fig. 1 is an overall perspective view showing an outline of the entire wind power generator.

第2圖是將實施例1的風力發電裝置在包含塔部的中心軸與轉子的旋轉軸的平面切斷的構造從側面觀察的側剖面圖。 Fig. 2 is a side cross-sectional view showing a structure in which the wind turbine generator of the first embodiment is cut along a plane including a central axis of the tower portion and a rotation axis of the rotor.

第3圖是顯示支承構件的形狀的全體立體圖。 Fig. 3 is an overall perspective view showing the shape of the support member.

第4圖是顯示油壓泵浦的形狀的局部剖面立體圖。 Fig. 4 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view showing the shape of the hydraulic pump.

第5圖是將實施例2的風力發電裝置在包含塔部的中心軸與轉子的旋轉軸的平面切斷的構造從側面觀察的側面剖面圖。 Fig. 5 is a side cross-sectional view showing a structure in which the wind turbine generator of the second embodiment is cut along a plane including a central axis of the tower portion and a rotation axis of the rotor.

第6圖是將實施例3的風力發電裝置在包含塔部的中心軸與轉子的旋轉軸的平面切斷的構造從側面觀察的側面剖面圖。 Fig. 6 is a side cross-sectional view showing a structure in which the wind turbine generator of the third embodiment is cut along a plane including a central axis of the tower portion and a rotation axis of the rotor.

以下針對本發明的風力發電裝置的實施方式使用圖面來說明。下述只是實施例，而並非要將發明內容 限定於下述具體型態。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the wind power generator of the present invention will be described using the drawings. The following are only examples, and are not intended to be invented. Limited to the specific form described below.

[實施例1] [Example 1]

針對實施例1使用第1圖~第4圖來說明。第1圖是顯示本實施方式的風力發電裝置100的外觀與全體概要情形的全體立體圖。第2圖是將第1圖的風力發電裝置100在包含塔部4的中心軸4a與轉子1的旋轉軸9的平面切斷的構造從側面觀察的側面剖面圖。第2圖省略了葉片1b與塔部4等的局部，而且旋轉接頭13、油壓泵浦7、發電機8等省略顯示局部內部構造。 The first embodiment to the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to the first embodiment. FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view showing an appearance and a general outline of the wind power generator 100 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of the wind turbine generator 100 of FIG. 1 cut away from the plane including the central axis 4a of the tower portion 4 and the plane of the rotary shaft 9 of the rotor 1. The second figure omits portions of the blade 1b, the tower portion 4, and the like, and the rotary joint 13, the hydraulic pump 7, the generator 8, and the like are omitted to show a partial internal structure.

如第1圖與第2圖所示，本實施方式的風力發電裝置100，主要具備有：受到風力而旋轉的轉子1、可旋轉地支承轉子1的支承構件2、將支承構件2收納於內部的機艙10、與機艙10連接而將在轉子1的旋轉中心配置的轂部1a收納的機頭外殼11、支承(間接性)葉片的荷重，將支承構件2支承在距離地基部3預定高度的塔部4、安裝在轉子1與支承構件2兩方的油壓泵浦5、將藉由油壓泵浦5的作動所排出的油壓油進行輸送的油壓配管6、藉由從油壓配管6所供給的油壓油所驅動的油壓馬達7、以及連結於油壓馬達7而藉由油壓馬達7產生的旋轉能量來使轉子旋轉來進行發電運轉的發電機8。油壓馬達7本身也根據油壓泵浦5產生的油的壓力變化而產生旋轉能量，所以用來將發電機8發電運轉的動力會根據該泵浦所產生的壓力變化而獲得。油壓馬達7與發電機8在中 空構造的塔部4的內部固定設置於地基部3。將轂部收納於內部並且相對於塔部可旋轉地被支承的構件稱為收容部，在本說明書中，機艙10與機頭外殼11相當於該收容部。 As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the wind power generator 100 of the present embodiment mainly includes a rotor 1 that is rotated by wind, a support member 2 that rotatably supports the rotor 1, and a support member 2 that is housed inside. The nacelle 10 is connected to the nacelle 10, and the head casing 11 that accommodates the hub portion 1a disposed at the center of rotation of the rotor 1 supports the load of the (indirect) blade, and supports the support member 2 at a predetermined height from the base portion 3. The tower portion 4, the hydraulic pump 5 attached to both the rotor 1 and the support member 2, and the hydraulic piping 6 for conveying the hydraulic oil discharged by the operation of the hydraulic pump 5, by hydraulic pressure The hydraulic motor 7 driven by the hydraulic oil supplied from the pipe 6 and the generator 8 connected to the hydraulic motor 7 and rotating the rotor by the rotational energy generated by the hydraulic motor 7 to perform the power generation operation are performed. The hydraulic motor 7 itself also generates rotational energy based on the pressure change of the oil generated by the hydraulic pump 5, so that the power for operating the generator 8 to generate electricity is obtained based on the pressure change generated by the pump. Hydraulic motor 7 and generator 8 are in the middle The inside of the tower portion 4 of the empty structure is fixedly disposed on the foundation portion 3. The member that accommodates the hub portion and is rotatably supported with respect to the tower portion is referred to as an accommodating portion. In the present specification, the nacelle 10 and the head casing 11 correspond to the accommodating portion.

如第1圖所示，針對轉子1，是由：三片葉片1b、以及與葉片1b一起旋轉而可旋轉地支承葉片1b的轂部1a所構成，各葉片1b在轉子1的旋轉軸9的周圍安裝成放射狀。從轉子1的旋轉軸9的方向接觸到葉片1b的風力，會轉換成將轉子1旋轉的動力。 As shown in Fig. 1, the rotor 1 is composed of three blades 1b and a hub portion 1a that rotatably supports the blades 1b together with the blades 1b, and each of the blades 1b is on the rotating shaft 9 of the rotor 1. The surroundings are installed in a radial shape. The wind force that comes into contact with the blade 1b from the direction of the rotating shaft 9 of the rotor 1 is converted into power for rotating the rotor 1.

如第2圖所示，轂部1a的外型，為具有厚度的中空的圓筒形狀，且將遠離塔部4側的開口部封閉的形狀。在中空的圓筒形狀的外徑側設置有用來安裝複數的葉片1b的安裝部1aa，在中空部的內側分別在圓筒狀的內側設置有：為了安裝支承構件2而朝內徑側突出的安裝部1ab、以及為了安裝油壓泵浦5而朝內徑側突出的安裝部1ac。安裝部1aa與各葉片1b連接。安裝部1ab是經由軸承而固定於支承構件2，而在本實施例是設置有兩個軸承12a、12b，配合軸承的數量也形成有兩支朝內徑側突出的安裝部1ab。在本實施例，兩個軸承12a、12b都是固定在成為下述小徑部的軸部2a，由於靠近油壓泵浦5側其外徑較大，所以固定於軸承的安裝部(軸承安裝部)1ab側，相較於固定於油壓泵浦5的安裝部1ac(泵浦安裝部)更朝內徑側突出。可是泵浦安裝部是設置在相較於各軸承安裝部更接近塔部的位置。 As shown in Fig. 2, the outer shape of the hub portion 1a is a hollow cylindrical shape having a thickness and a shape that is closed away from the opening portion on the side of the tower portion 4. The mounting portion 1aa for mounting the plurality of blades 1b is provided on the outer diameter side of the hollow cylindrical shape, and the inner side of the hollow portion is provided on the inner side of the cylindrical portion so as to protrude toward the inner diameter side for mounting the supporting member 2. The mounting portion 1ab and the mounting portion 1ac that protrudes toward the inner diameter side for mounting the hydraulic pump 5 are provided. The mounting portion 1aa is connected to each of the blades 1b. The attachment portion 1ab is fixed to the support member 2 via a bearing. In the present embodiment, two bearings 12a and 12b are provided, and the number of the engagement bearings is also formed with two attachment portions 1ab that protrude toward the inner diameter side. In the present embodiment, both of the bearings 12a and 12b are fixed to the shaft portion 2a which is a small-diameter portion to be described later, and the outer diameter of the two bearings 12a and 12b is fixed to the mounting portion of the bearing (bearing mounting). The 1ab side protrudes toward the inner diameter side from the mounting portion 1ac (pump mounting portion) fixed to the hydraulic pump 5 . However, the pump mounting portion is disposed closer to the tower portion than the bearing mounting portions.

接著針對支承構件2使用第2圖及第3圖來說明。第3圖為支承構件2的立體圖。在本實施例，支承構件2是以(成為小徑部)軸部2a與(也就是成為大徑部)支承部2b構成為一體，該支承部2b，將軸部2a支承，並且相較於軸部2a其與轉子1(或轂部1a)的旋轉軸垂直的外徑較大。支承構件2的支承部2b是經由偏航軸承14而在塔部4上被支承在預定的高度。藉由經由偏航軸承14支承於塔部4上，支承構件2，能配合風向(在塔部4上)以塔部中心軸4a為中心在水平面內自由旋轉。而機艙10與支承構件2之中的支承部2b連接，與支承構件2同樣地經由偏航軸承14在塔部4上被支承在預定的高度。也就是說，機艙10也能配合風向(在塔部4上)以塔部中心軸4a為中心在水平面內自由旋轉。 Next, the support member 2 will be described using Figs. 2 and 3 . Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the support member 2. In the present embodiment, the support member 2 is integrally formed by a (small-diameter portion) shaft portion 2a and a support portion 2b (that is, a large-diameter portion), and the support portion 2b supports the shaft portion 2a as compared with The shaft portion 2a has a large outer diameter perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rotor 1 (or the hub portion 1a). The support portion 2b of the support member 2 is supported at a predetermined height on the tower portion 4 via the yaw bearing 14. By being supported by the yaw bearing 14 on the tower portion 4, the support member 2 can freely rotate in the horizontal plane around the tower central axis 4a in accordance with the wind direction (on the tower portion 4). The nacelle 10 is connected to the support portion 2b of the support member 2, and is supported at a predetermined height on the tower portion 4 via the yaw bearing 14 similarly to the support member 2. That is to say, the nacelle 10 can also freely rotate in the horizontal plane centering on the central axis 4a of the tower in accordance with the wind direction (on the tower portion 4).

塔部4及支承部2b作成中空構造，作業者能從塔部4通過支承構件2的內部，而到達到機艙10的內部。由於塔部4內部成為中空構造，所以可以設置：將動力從機艙10內傳達到地基部3的油壓配管6、或讓作業者能到達到機艙10的梯子或電梯等的升降裝置。軸部2a也作成中空的圓筒形狀，設置成從支承部2b朝機艙10的外側且朝轂部1a的內部側突出。塔部4內部、支承部2b內部、軸部2a內部、及轂部1a內為連通的。藉由將內部作成中空，則可將內部通過有因泵浦而壓力變化的介質之配管，配置於該中空部。另外可通過該(連通的)中空部將配線通到轂部1a內、或維修時讓作業者到達到轂部1a 內。 The tower portion 4 and the support portion 2b have a hollow structure, and the operator can pass the inside of the support member 2 from the tower portion 4 to reach the inside of the nacelle 10. Since the inside of the tower portion 4 has a hollow structure, it is possible to provide a hydraulic pressure pipe 6 that transmits power from the inside of the nacelle 10 to the foundation portion 3, or a lifting device that allows the operator to reach the ladder of the nacelle 10 or an elevator. The shaft portion 2a is also formed in a hollow cylindrical shape, and is provided so as to protrude from the support portion 2b toward the outside of the nacelle 10 and toward the inner side of the hub portion 1a. The inside of the tower portion 4, the inside of the support portion 2b, the inside of the shaft portion 2a, and the inside of the hub portion 1a are in communication. By making the inside hollow, the inside can be placed in the hollow portion through a pipe having a medium whose pressure changes due to pumping. In addition, the wiring can be passed through the (connected) hollow portion into the hub portion 1a, or the operator can reach the hub portion 1a during maintenance. Inside.

軸部2a的中心軸2e，與轉子1(或轂部1a)的旋轉軸9一致，設置成與水平方向平行或從水平方向傾斜1~10°程度。關於旋轉軸在本說明書內記載為平行的情況，不只是與水平方向平行，也包含從水平方向傾斜1~10°程度的方向。 The central axis 2e of the shaft portion 2a coincides with the rotation axis 9 of the rotor 1 (or the hub portion 1a), and is disposed to be parallel to the horizontal direction or inclined by 1 to 10 degrees from the horizontal direction. The case where the rotating shaft is described as being parallel in the present specification is not only parallel to the horizontal direction but also includes a direction inclined by about 1 to 10 degrees from the horizontal direction.

軸部2a及支承部2b，在與中心軸2e垂直的方向擴張，成為大徑部的支承部2b，在較設置有成為小徑部的軸部2a的位置更外徑側具有面部2c。 The shaft portion 2a and the support portion 2b are expanded in a direction perpendicular to the central axis 2e, and serve as a support portion 2b having a large diameter portion, and have a surface portion 2c on the outer diameter side at a position where the shaft portion 2a serving as the small diameter portion is provided.

如上述在軸部2a安裝有轉子1也就是安裝有葉片1b的轂部1a，經由油壓泵浦5與軸承12a、12b連接，軸部2a，支承著：這些構造的重量、與藉由風力施加在轂部1a(也就是轉子1)的荷重雙方。並且如第2圖所示，也可在軸部2a形成配管部15，藉此可將油壓油不會洩漏地輸送到支承部2b的內部。 As described above, the rotor 1 is attached to the shaft portion 2a, that is, the hub 1a to which the blade 1b is attached, and is connected to the bearings 12a and 12b via the hydraulic pump 5, and the shaft portion 2a supports the weight of these structures and the wind force. Both of the load applied to the hub 1a (that is, the rotor 1) are applied. Further, as shown in Fig. 2, the piping portion 15 may be formed in the shaft portion 2a, whereby the hydraulic oil can be conveyed to the inside of the support portion 2b without leaking.

針對地基部3，是用來固定支承塔部4，而設置在地上或海面或湖面、河川上(之後雖然代表記載為地上，也同樣可設置於海面或湖面、河川上)。地基部3也可固定設置於地上或海底、湖底、河川底部等，針對水深度較深的情況，也可在水面設置浮體，將地基部固定於該浮體。 The foundation portion 3 is for fixing the support tower portion 4, and is provided on the ground or on the sea surface or on the lake surface or on the river (the latter is also described as the ground, and can also be installed on the sea surface or the lake surface or the river). The foundation portion 3 may be fixedly disposed on the ground or the sea floor, the bottom of the lake, the bottom of the river, etc., and in the case where the depth of the water is deep, a floating body may be provided on the water surface to fix the foundation portion to the floating body.

如上述，塔部4，是將包含轉子或支承該構造的支承構件2的機艙10支承在某固定高度，作成圓筒狀的中空構造，而如第1圖及第2圖所示，塔部4的下端部 (根部)固定於地基部3，另一方面，塔部4的上端部(前端)經由偏航軸承14，將機艙10支承為配合風向可繞著塔部4的中心軸4a旋轉。伴隨著機艙10的旋轉，讓支承構件2、轂部1a、機頭外殼11等互相連接的構件也同樣繞著塔部4的中心軸4a旋轉。 As described above, the tower portion 4 is a hollow structure in which the nacelle 10 including the rotor or the support member 2 supporting the structure is supported at a certain fixed height, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the tower portion Lower end of 4 The (root portion) is fixed to the ground portion 3, and the upper end portion (front end) of the tower portion 4 is supported by the yaw bearing 14 so as to be rotatable about the central axis 4a of the tower portion 4 in accordance with the wind direction. Along with the rotation of the nacelle 10, the members that connect the support member 2, the hub portion 1a, the head casing 11, and the like are also rotated about the central axis 4a of the tower portion 4.

接著使用第4圖針對本實施例使用的油壓泵浦5來說明。第4圖是在本實施例使用的油壓泵浦5的例子，由於是內部構造的說明，所以是局部缺口的局部剖面立體圖。油壓泵浦5的類型或構造，並非限定為在各實施例內說明的例子，在本實施例的油壓泵浦5，是使用具有內側構件5a與外側構件5b的徑向活塞型油壓泵浦。外側構件5b，其圓筒狀構件的內徑側，以讓小徑部與大徑部連續成為波浪狀的方式，使用設置有複數的波浪狀的凹凸部(凸輪凸角)的環狀凸輪，內側構件5a是將複數的缸體5c設置成放射狀，成為將其在內部連結的歧管。在內側構件5a與外側構件5b之間，構成沿著缸體5c上下動作的複數的活塞5d。該配置於周方向的缸體5c及活塞5d在油壓泵浦的旋轉軸方向設置有複數列。而低壓油、高壓油的流入口都設置於內側構件5a。該由內側構件5a與外側構件5b所構成的油壓泵浦5，也可將內側構件5a固定而使外側構件5b旋轉，也可相反地將外側構件5b固定而使內側構件5a旋轉。作為油壓泵浦5的動作，當藉由風力讓轉子1旋轉時，讓與轉子1連接的環狀凸輪(外側構件5b)旋轉，凸輪凸角朝向油壓泵浦5的中心軸方向將 活塞5d滑動複數次，藉此將油進行加壓。 Next, the hydraulic pump 5 used in the present embodiment will be described using FIG. Fig. 4 is an example of the hydraulic pump 5 used in the present embodiment, and is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of a partial notch because of the internal structure. The type or configuration of the hydraulic pump 5 is not limited to the example described in the respective embodiments, and the hydraulic pump 5 of the present embodiment uses a radial piston type oil pressure having an inner member 5a and an outer member 5b. Pump. In the outer side member 5b, the inner diameter side of the cylindrical member is an annular cam provided with a plurality of wavy concave-convex portions (cam lobes) so that the small-diameter portion and the large-diameter portion are continuously wavy. The inner member 5a is a manifold in which a plurality of cylinders 5c are radially arranged to be connected inside. Between the inner member 5a and the outer member 5b, a plurality of pistons 5d that move up and down along the cylinder 5c are formed. The cylinder 5c and the piston 5d arranged in the circumferential direction are provided in a plurality of rows in the direction of the rotation axis of the hydraulic pump. The inflow ports of the low pressure oil and the high pressure oil are disposed on the inner member 5a. The hydraulic pump 5 composed of the inner member 5a and the outer member 5b may fix the inner member 5a to rotate the outer member 5b, or may conversely fix the outer member 5b to rotate the inner member 5a. As the operation of the hydraulic pump 5, when the rotor 1 is rotated by the wind, the annular cam (outer member 5b) connected to the rotor 1 is rotated, and the cam lobe is directed toward the central axis of the hydraulic pump 5 The piston 5d is slid a plurality of times to thereby pressurize the oil.

這裡針對油壓配管6，為了將藉由油壓泵浦5進行加壓的高壓的油不洩漏地輸送，是以提高強度能承受高壓的材質所製作。在支承構件2內，形成有配管部15，而該配管部15或其他配管彼此的接合部，只要能保持液密性則不論任何樣式都可以，例如以焊接接合也可以，也可使用設置有密封材的凸緣部，以螺栓緊固。 Here, the hydraulic piping 6 is produced by a material that is high in strength and can withstand high pressure in order to transport the high-pressure oil pressurized by the hydraulic pump 5 without leaking. In the support member 2, the piping portion 15 is formed, and the joint portion between the piping portion 15 or the other piping may be any type as long as it can maintain liquid-tightness, for example, by welding, or by using The flange portion of the sealing material is fastened with a bolt.

在本實施例，如上述，油壓馬達7與發電機8雖然是在中空構造的塔部4的內部設置成固定於地基部3，而其位置並未特別限定。例如也可固定設置於塔部4的內部，也可在塔部4的外部，固定設置於地基部3。在機艙10中設置有將其支承的構件，也可將其設置於機艙10內。也就是在本實施例的構造，由於可藉由油壓變速器進行動力傳達，所以油壓馬達7以及與其連接的發電機8的位置並沒有特別限定。 In the present embodiment, as described above, the hydraulic motor 7 and the generator 8 are provided to be fixed to the ground portion 3 inside the tower portion 4 having a hollow structure, and the position thereof is not particularly limited. For example, it may be fixed to the inside of the tower portion 4, or may be fixed to the ground portion 3 outside the tower portion 4. A member for supporting it is provided in the nacelle 10, and it may be disposed in the nacelle 10. That is, in the configuration of the present embodiment, since the power transmission can be performed by the hydraulic transmission, the position of the hydraulic motor 7 and the generator 8 connected thereto is not particularly limited.

如本實施例在設置有地基部3的地上設置油壓泵浦7與發電機的情況，需要將油壓配管6從支承構件2的內部連接到具有地基部3的地上。此時，包含支承構件2或機艙10的塔部4上的構造物，是藉由偏航軸承14旋轉支承為能配合風向以塔部4的中心軸4a為中心旋轉。因此，在本實施例，在塔部4上可旋轉地被支承的機艙10等的構件要朝外拉出油壓配管6的情況，需要將旋轉的油壓配管與不旋轉的油壓配管連接，需要緩和因旋轉而在連接部產生的應力。因此在本實施例為了將油壓配管 6可旋轉地連接，而使用旋轉接頭13。通過旋轉接頭13，拉入到塔部4內部的油壓配管6，如第2圖所示，利用藉由塔部4的壁面所支承的構件4b所固定，朝向位於地基部3的油壓馬達7輸送油。藉由在塔部4的壁面以構件4b固定，則即使因為在油壓系統產生的波動等的變動荷重時，也能堅固地支承油壓配管6。 In the case where the hydraulic pump 7 and the generator are provided on the ground in which the ground portion 3 is provided as in the present embodiment, it is necessary to connect the hydraulic pressure pipe 6 from the inside of the support member 2 to the ground having the ground portion 3. At this time, the structure on the tower portion 4 including the support member 2 or the nacelle 10 is rotatably supported by the yaw bearing 14 so as to be rotatable about the central axis 4a of the tower portion 4 in accordance with the wind direction. Therefore, in the present embodiment, when the member such as the nacelle 10 rotatably supported by the tower portion 4 is to be pulled out of the hydraulic piping 6, it is necessary to connect the rotating hydraulic piping to the non-rotating hydraulic piping. It is necessary to alleviate the stress generated at the joint due to the rotation. Therefore, in this embodiment, in order to hydraulically piping 6 is rotatably connected, and a rotary joint 13 is used. The hydraulic pipe 6 pulled into the inside of the tower portion 4 by the rotary joint 13 is fixed to the hydraulic motor located at the foundation portion 3 by the member 4b supported by the wall surface of the tower portion 4 as shown in Fig. 2 7 deliver oil. By fixing the member 4b to the wall surface of the tower portion 4, the hydraulic pressure pipe 6 can be firmly supported even when the load is fluctuating due to fluctuations in the hydraulic system.

接著使用第1圖~第4圖，來說明風力發電裝置100的概要動作。本實施例的風力發電裝置100，受到風力而使由葉片1b與轂部1a所構成的轉子1旋轉。在該轉子1，連接著油壓泵浦5的外側構件5b，連同轉子1一起旋轉。藉由在該外側構件5b與藉由支承構件2所固定的油壓泵浦5的內側構件5a之間，將活塞5d滑動，來將旋轉能量轉換成油的壓力能量。具有壓力能量的高壓的油通過油壓配管6被輸送到油壓馬達7，油壓馬達7將壓力能量轉換成旋轉能量，來使油壓馬達的輸出構件旋轉。藉由油壓配管6使油從油壓馬達7回到油壓泵浦5的入口。與該油壓馬達7的輸出構件接合的發電機8，從其輸入軸輸入旋轉能量，藉由該旋轉能量(使發電機8內的轉子旋轉)將旋轉能量轉換成電能而進行發電。 Next, the outline operation of the wind power generator 100 will be described using FIGS. 1 to 4 . The wind power generator 100 of the present embodiment receives the wind and rotates the rotor 1 composed of the blade 1b and the hub 1a. In the rotor 1, the outer member 5b of the hydraulic pump 5 is connected, and rotates together with the rotor 1. The piston 5d is slid between the outer member 5b and the inner member 5a of the hydraulic pump 5 fixed by the support member 2 to convert the rotational energy into the pressure energy of the oil. The high-pressure oil having the pressure energy is sent to the hydraulic motor 7 through the hydraulic pipe 6, and the hydraulic motor 7 converts the pressure energy into the rotational energy to rotate the output member of the hydraulic motor. The oil is returned from the hydraulic motor 7 to the inlet of the hydraulic pump 5 by the hydraulic piping 6. The generator 8 that is engaged with the output member of the hydraulic motor 7 inputs rotational energy from its input shaft, and converts the rotational energy into electric energy by the rotational energy (rotating the rotor in the generator 8) to generate electric power.

在以上的構造，針對採用本實施例的油壓泵浦與其支承構造的情況的優點來說明。如第2圖所示在本實施例將油壓泵浦5設置於轂部1a內。將油壓泵浦5支承的支承構件2的軸部2a，將油壓泵浦5的內側構件5a固定支承，油壓泵浦5的外側構件5b連接於轂部1a，連 同轉子1的旋轉一起旋轉。在將油壓泵浦設置於轂部的外側例如設置於機艙內的情況，則另外需要在機艙內支承油壓泵浦的構件、或將旋轉造成的動力從轉子傳達到油壓泵浦的構件。而且該構件需要與從轂部起到機艙內的支承部或油壓泵浦為止的距離相當的長度。因此長度變長的結果，會導致重量增加，結果需要使將其支承的構件的強度增加。 The above configuration is explained with respect to the advantages of the case where the hydraulic pumping of the present embodiment and its supporting structure are employed. As shown in Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the hydraulic pump 5 is placed in the hub portion 1a. The shaft portion 2a of the support member 2 supported by the hydraulic pump 5 is fixedly supported by the inner member 5a of the hydraulic pump 5, and the outer member 5b of the hydraulic pump 5 is connected to the hub portion 1a. Rotating together with the rotation of the rotor 1. In the case where the hydraulic pump is disposed outside the hub, for example, in the nacelle, it is additionally necessary to support the hydraulically pumped member in the nacelle or the member that transmits the power caused by the rotation from the rotor to the hydraulic pump. . Moreover, the member needs to have a length corresponding to the distance from the hub to the support portion in the nacelle or hydraulic pumping. As a result of the lengthening of the length, the weight is increased, and as a result, the strength of the member to be supported is increased.

另一方面，在本實施例，由於在轂部1a內設置有油壓泵浦5，所以將轂部1a與油壓泵浦5組合的全長度會變短，而能緊緻地設置。而且將油壓泵浦(的外側構件5b)直接連接於轂部1a，則完全不需要設置新的動力傳達構件。如第2圖所示，由於油壓泵浦5在轂部1a內，所以能充分確保在機艙10內設置其他組成元件的空間。作為其他組成元件，例如考慮油壓馬達7或發電機8，即使將這些構造設置於機艙10內，藉由未將油壓泵浦5配置在機艙10內，仍可將全長度控制得較短。因此不限定設置的位置，將這些構造支承的構件也能緊緻化且輕量化。 On the other hand, in the present embodiment, since the hydraulic pump 5 is provided in the hub portion 1a, the full length of the combination of the hub portion 1a and the hydraulic pump 5 is shortened, and it can be tightly disposed. Further, when the hydraulic pumping (outer member 5b) is directly connected to the hub portion 1a, it is not necessary to provide a new power transmission member at all. As shown in Fig. 2, since the hydraulic pump 5 is housed in the hub portion 1a, it is possible to sufficiently secure a space in which other components are provided in the nacelle 10. As other constituent elements, for example, considering the hydraulic motor 7 or the generator 8, even if these configurations are provided in the nacelle 10, the full length can be controlled to be short by not arranging the hydraulic pump 5 in the nacelle 10. . Therefore, the positions to be provided are not limited, and the members supported by these structures can be compacted and lightened.

在當從在塔部4上可旋轉地支承油壓馬達7或發電機8的機艙等的構件拉出而設置在位於地上的地基部3時等，必須將旋轉的油壓配管與不旋轉的油壓配管連接，在需要將因旋轉而在連接部產生的應力緩和的情況，在本實施例，雖然使用旋轉接頭13，而由於輸送到地上的油是被加壓到十~數十百萬帕斯卡MPa(Mega pascal) 程度的高壓，所以在旋轉接頭13會朝塔部4的中心軸4a方向施加很大的軸向荷重。於是希望將旋轉接頭13，分別堅固地固定於支承構件2與塔部4，而需要配置用來堅固固定的構件的空間。在本實施例的構造，由於油壓泵浦5在轂部1a內，而也確保用來將該旋轉接頭13的一部分堅固固定於支承構件2內的空間。 When the member such as the nacelle that rotatably supports the hydraulic motor 7 or the generator 8 on the tower portion 4 is pulled out and provided on the ground portion 3 located on the ground, it is necessary to rotate the hydraulic piping with no rotation. In the case where the hydraulic pressure pipe is connected and the stress generated at the joint portion due to the rotation is required to be moderated, in the present embodiment, the rotary joint 13 is used, and the oil delivered to the ground is pressurized to ten to several tens of millions. Pascal MPa (Mega pascal) The degree of high pressure is such that a large axial load is applied to the rotary joint 13 in the direction of the central axis 4a of the tower portion 4. Therefore, it is desirable to firmly fix the rotary joint 13 to the support member 2 and the tower portion 4, respectively, and it is necessary to provide a space for the member to be firmly fixed. In the configuration of the present embodiment, since the hydraulic pump 5 is in the hub portion 1a, a space for firmly fixing a part of the rotary joint 13 in the support member 2 is also secured.

藉由讓組合轂部1a與油壓泵浦5的全長度變短，則能將支承構件2的軸部2a縮短，能減輕支承構件2的重量。並且除了讓軸部2a變短之外，由於將重量物也就是油壓泵浦5配置成面向(鄰接)軸部2a與支承部2b(的結合部2d，記載於第3圖)，所以讓從結合部2d到重量物的距離減少，減少施加於結合部2d的彎矩。藉此能將支承構件2輕量化。並且在支承構件2的軸部2a與支承部2b，支承部2b其直徑較大，讓油壓泵浦5面向該支承部2b，並且被固定於支承部。具體來說，將油壓泵浦5的內側構件5a的側面5c(在第4圖顯示)，對設置於支承部2b的面部2c(在第3圖顯示)緊固固定。由於油壓泵浦5面向支承部2b，以支承部2b固定油壓泵浦5，所以支承的面積與部位會增加，而能將大型化導致的強大轉矩造成的荷重分散支承於支承構件2的複數部位。 By shortening the entire length of the combined hub portion 1a and the hydraulic pump 5, the shaft portion 2a of the support member 2 can be shortened, and the weight of the support member 2 can be reduced. In addition to the fact that the weight portion, that is, the hydraulic pump 5, is disposed so as to face the adjacent portion of the shaft portion 2a and the support portion 2b (described in FIG. 3), The distance from the joint portion 2d to the weight is reduced, and the bending moment applied to the joint portion 2d is reduced. Thereby, the support member 2 can be made lighter. Further, in the shaft portion 2a of the support member 2 and the support portion 2b, the support portion 2b has a large diameter, and the hydraulic pump 5 faces the support portion 2b and is fixed to the support portion. Specifically, the side surface 5c (shown in Fig. 4) of the inner member 5a of the hydraulic pump 5 is fastened and fixed to the face portion 2c (shown in Fig. 3) provided on the support portion 2b. Since the hydraulic pump 5 faces the support portion 2b and the hydraulic pump 5 is fixed to the support portion 2b, the area and the portion of the support are increased, and the load due to the large torque due to the large size can be dispersedly supported by the support member 2. Multiple parts.

轉子1是藉由支承構件2所旋轉支承，在轉子1與支承構件2之間具備有用來將轉子1旋轉支承的軸承12。在本實施例設置有將轉子1穩定支承的兩個軸承12a、12b，將軸承配置成讓轉子1的重心來到兩個軸承 12a與12b之間(也包含任一軸承位置與重心重疊的情況，以下的實施例也相同)。軸方向的這些軸承的數量是一個也可以，設置複數個也可以。軸承12a、12b支承著：轉子1的本身重量、風力造成的彎曲方向的荷重及軸向方向的荷重，在油壓泵浦5的外側構件5b僅能傳達旋轉力矩。於是彎曲方向或軸向方向的荷重並未施加於油壓泵浦5，而能提升油壓泵浦5的耐久性及可靠度。 The rotor 1 is rotatably supported by the support member 2, and a bearing 12 for rotatably supporting the rotor 1 is provided between the rotor 1 and the support member 2. In the present embodiment, two bearings 12a, 12b for stably supporting the rotor 1 are provided, and the bearings are arranged such that the center of gravity of the rotor 1 comes to the two bearings. Between 12a and 12b (including the case where any of the bearing positions overlap with the center of gravity, the same applies to the following embodiments). The number of these bearings in the axial direction is one or more, and a plurality of them may be provided. The bearings 12a and 12b support the weight of the rotor 1 itself, the load in the bending direction by the wind force, and the load in the axial direction. Only the rotational moment can be transmitted to the outer member 5b of the hydraulic pump 5. Then, the load in the bending direction or the axial direction is not applied to the hydraulic pump 5, and the durability and reliability of the oil pump 5 can be improved.

而且油壓泵浦5相較於任一軸承12a、12b是設置在更接近支承構件2的大徑部也就是支承部2b的位置，所以當風力發電裝置100組裝時，在將油壓泵浦5安裝於從機艙10內部突出的支承構件2之後，能組裝轂部1a(也就是轉子1)，而能提升組裝性。 Further, since the hydraulic pump 5 is disposed closer to the large-diameter portion of the support member 2, that is, the support portion 2b than any of the bearings 12a, 12b, when the wind power generator 100 is assembled, the hydraulic pump is pumped. 5 After being attached to the support member 2 protruding from the inside of the nacelle 10, the hub portion 1a (i.e., the rotor 1) can be assembled, and assembly can be improved.

當適用大型化的風力發電裝置時，不僅是增速機，主軸其他支承構件的增長化、重量增加會成為問題。該支承構件的增長化、重量增加，與增速機同樣會成為使風力發電裝置的建設或構件的輸送等的成本增加的主要原因。另一方面，在本實施例內說明的構造，針對伴隨轂部的旋轉而提高泵浦內部的壓力的油壓泵浦，藉由將其至少一部分配置於轂部內部的空間，則能將組合轂部與油壓泵浦而成的全長度縮短，能將用來支承這些構造的荷重的支承構件的長度縮短。於是被支承於塔部上的組成構件會緊緻化，藉由減輕重量，可提供經濟性高且低成本的風力發電裝置，並且也可提高可靠度。當然不只局部，將全部配置於轂部內部的話，將轂部與油壓泵浦組合成的全長 會更短，當然能更提高經濟性及可靠度。 When a large-scale wind power generator is applied, not only a speed increaser but also an increase in weight and weight increase of other support members of the main shaft may become a problem. As the speed increaser increases, the weight of the support member increases, and the cost of the construction of the wind power generator or the transportation of components is increased. On the other hand, in the structure described in the present embodiment, the hydraulic pump that increases the pressure inside the pump accompanying the rotation of the hub can be combined by arranging at least a part thereof in the space inside the hub. The full length of the hub and hydraulic pumping is shortened, and the length of the support member for supporting the load of these structures can be shortened. Therefore, the constituent members supported on the tower portion are tightened, and by reducing the weight, a wind power generation device which is economical and low in cost can be provided, and reliability can also be improved. Of course, not only partial, but all of them are arranged inside the hub, and the full length of the hub and the hydraulic pump are combined. It will be shorter, of course, to improve economics and reliability.

[實施例2] [Embodiment 2]

針對實施例2使用第5圖來說明。實施例2是將實施例1的油壓泵浦與軸承的配置變更，在第5圖的風力發電裝置200之中，針對已說明的第1圖、第2圖所示的具有相同圖號的構造、具有相同功能的部分則省略說明。具有相同構造及功能的部分，當然會達到與上述構造同樣的效果。 The second embodiment will be described using the fifth embodiment. In the second embodiment, the arrangement of the hydraulic pump and the bearing in the first embodiment is changed. In the wind power generator 200 of the fifth embodiment, the same figure numbers are shown in the first and second figures. The description of the parts having the same function and the same function will be omitted. The parts having the same structure and function will of course achieve the same effects as the above-described structure.

在本實施例，為了可自由旋轉地支承轉子1，使用：在轂部1a的內部設置於支承構件21的軸部21a的軸承22a、與設置於支承構件21的支承部21b的軸承22b；在該兩個軸承之間設置有油壓泵浦25。在本實施例，支承構件21是以(成為小徑部)軸部21a與(也就是成為大徑部)支承部21b構成為一體，該支承部21b，將軸部21a支承，並且相較於軸部21a其與轉子1(或轂部1a)的旋轉軸垂直的外徑較大。支承構件21之中，安裝有軸承22a的軸部21a、與安裝有軸承22b的支承部21b的一部分，從機艙10的內部突出，軸承22b設置於支承部21b從該機艙10突出的突出部，來支承轂部1a。在該情況，將軸承22b的固定，對於相較於軸部21a在與轂部1a的旋轉軸方向垂直的外徑較大的支承部21b來進行，而可使用外徑較大的軸承。在本實施例，相較於固定於軸承22b的軸承安裝部，固定於油壓泵浦的泵浦安裝部 更突出至內徑側，並且相較於泵浦安裝部，固定於軸承22a的軸承安裝部更突出至內徑側。泵浦安裝部是設置在各軸承安裝部之間。外徑較大的軸承，由於可將荷重分散，所以能讓可靠度與耐久性變高。結果由於將軸承固定於外徑較軸部21a更大的支承部21b，所以能提升可靠度及耐久性。 In the present embodiment, in order to rotatably support the rotor 1, a bearing 22a provided in the shaft portion 21a of the support member 21 and a bearing 22b provided in the support portion 21b of the support member 21 are provided inside the hub portion 1a; A hydraulic pump 25 is disposed between the two bearings. In the present embodiment, the support member 21 is integrally formed by a (small-diameter portion) shaft portion 21a and a support portion 21b which is a large-diameter portion, and the support portion 21b supports the shaft portion 21a as compared with The shaft portion 21a has a large outer diameter perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rotor 1 (or the hub portion 1a). Among the support members 21, a shaft portion 21a to which the bearing 22a is attached and a part of the support portion 21b to which the bearing 22b is attached protrude from the inside of the nacelle 10, and the bearing 22b is provided at a protruding portion of the support portion 21b protruding from the nacelle 10, To support the hub 1a. In this case, the fixing of the bearing 22b is performed with respect to the support portion 21b having a larger outer diameter than the shaft portion 21a perpendicular to the rotation axis direction of the hub portion 1a, and a bearing having a large outer diameter can be used. In the present embodiment, the pump mounting portion is fixed to the hydraulic pump in comparison with the bearing mounting portion fixed to the bearing 22b. More prominently to the inner diameter side, and compared to the pump mounting portion, the bearing mounting portion fixed to the bearing 22a protrudes more to the inner diameter side. The pump mounting portion is provided between the bearing mounting portions. Bearings with a large outer diameter can reduce the load, so reliability and durability can be improved. As a result, since the bearing is fixed to the support portion 21b having a larger outer diameter than the shaft portion 21a, reliability and durability can be improved.

在本實施例，為了將轉子1旋轉支承，在設置兩個軸承的情況，為了將轉子1穩定旋轉支承，需要讓轉子1的重心來到兩個軸承22a、22b之間，軸承22a、22b的間隔L需要設置某程度的間隔。如實施例1記載，在任一軸承都設置於軸部上的情況，設置該間隔L的話，將軸承22a、22b支承的支承構件21的軸部21a的軸長會增長間隔L程度，而在本實施例利用支承構件21的支承部21b，藉由在該支承部21b設置軸承22b，則能縮短軸部21a的軸長。於是能將支承構件2輕量化。 In the present embodiment, in order to rotatably support the rotor 1, in the case where two bearings are provided, in order to stably rotate the rotor 1, it is necessary to bring the center of gravity of the rotor 1 between the two bearings 22a, 22b, and the bearings 22a, 22b. The interval L needs to be set to a certain degree of interval. As described in the first embodiment, when any of the bearings is provided on the shaft portion, when the interval L is provided, the axial length of the shaft portion 21a of the support member 21 that supports the bearings 22a and 22b is increased by an interval L, and In the embodiment, by using the support portion 21b of the support member 21, by providing the bearing 22b in the support portion 21b, the axial length of the shaft portion 21a can be shortened. Thus, the support member 2 can be made lighter.

由於以支承部21b支承轉子1的局部荷重，而減輕了軸部21可支承的荷重，而能將軸部21a輕量化。 Since the local load of the rotor 1 is supported by the support portion 21b, the load that the shaft portion 21 can support can be reduced, and the shaft portion 21a can be made lighter.

在將外徑較油壓泵浦25的外徑更小的軸承對油壓泵浦25的兩側配置的情況，當將油壓泵浦25對轂部1a內部安裝或卸下時，需要將軸承或支承軸承的轂部的局部構件卸下。另一方面在本實施例的情況，將在轂部的旋轉軸方向在較油壓泵浦25配置在更接近塔部4側的軸承22b設置於支承部21b，並且由於軸承22b的外徑大於 油壓泵浦25的外徑，所以在將油壓泵浦25安裝於支承構件21的軸部21a之後，能安裝轂部1a，而能提升組裝性。 In the case where the bearing having the outer diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the hydraulic pump 25 is disposed on both sides of the hydraulic pump 25, when the hydraulic pump 25 is mounted or detached from the hub 1a, it is necessary to Partial components of the bearing or the hub of the support bearing are removed. On the other hand, in the case of the present embodiment, the bearing 22b disposed closer to the tower portion 4 side in the direction of the rotation axis of the hub portion than the hydraulic pump 25 is provided to the support portion 21b, and since the outer diameter of the bearing 22b is larger than Since the hydraulic pump 25 has the outer diameter of the hydraulic pump 25, after the hydraulic pump 25 is attached to the shaft portion 21a of the support member 21, the boss portion 1a can be attached, and the assemblability can be improved.

[實施例3] [Example 3]

針對實施例3使用第6圖來說明。實施例3是將實施例1的油壓泵浦5安裝在支承構件2的軸部2a的前端，將軸承32a、32b的位置變更。第6圖的風力發電裝置300之中，針對具有已說明的圖示的相同的圖號的構造、與具有相同功能的部分，省略說明。具有相同構造及功能的部分，當然會達到與上述構造同樣的效果。 The sixth embodiment will be described with reference to the third embodiment. In the third embodiment, the hydraulic pump 5 of the first embodiment is attached to the front end of the shaft portion 2a of the support member 2, and the positions of the bearings 32a and 32b are changed. In the wind turbine generator 300 of Fig. 6, the description of the same reference numerals as those of the illustrated drawings and the portions having the same functions will be omitted. The parts having the same structure and function will of course achieve the same effects as the above-described structure.

在本實施方式，為了旋轉支承轉子41，在轂部41a的內部將軸承32a、32b設置於支承構件31的軸部31a。此時，支承構件31之中，將與距離支承部31b較遠側的端面31f靠近側的軸承為32a，接近支承部31b側的軸承為32b。並且在端面31f與軸承32a之間的軸部31a設置油壓泵浦35。在本實施例，與實施例1同樣地，兩個軸承12a、12b都是固定在成為小徑部的軸部，由於油壓泵浦側其外徑較大，所以各軸承安裝部側，相較於固定於油壓泵浦的泵浦安裝部更朝內徑側突出。可是泵浦安裝部是設置在相較於各軸承安裝部更遠離塔部的位置。在轂部41a，在相較於軸承32a、32b更遠離塔部4的位置，設置有可將油壓泵浦35從轂部41a朝外搬出的開口部41ad。在機頭外殼42設置有可將油壓泵浦35卸下的開口 部42a與開閉部42b。在本實施例，開口部41ad及開口部42a，都形成為大於在與轂部41a的旋轉軸方向垂直的方向的油壓泵浦35的外徑。如上述，機頭外殼42是連同機艙10一起包含於收容部，而開口部42a藉由將開閉部42b開啟而在油壓泵浦35搬出時與開口部41ad連通。因此藉由將開閉部42b開啟，將轉子41安裝於支承構件31，則能將油壓泵浦35從轂部41a及收容部朝外搬出。 In the present embodiment, in order to rotatably support the rotor 41, the bearings 32a and 32b are provided inside the boss portion 41a on the shaft portion 31a of the support member 31. At this time, among the support members 31, the bearing on the side closer to the end surface 31f on the far side from the support portion 31b is 32a, and the bearing on the side closer to the support portion 31b is 32b. Further, a hydraulic pump 35 is provided at the shaft portion 31a between the end surface 31f and the bearing 32a. In the present embodiment, as in the first embodiment, both the bearings 12a and 12b are fixed to the shaft portion which is the small diameter portion, and the outer diameter of the hydraulic pump side is large, so the bearing mounting portion side and the phase are It protrudes toward the inner diameter side more than the pump mounting portion fixed to the hydraulic pump. However, the pump mounting portion is disposed at a position farther from the tower than the bearing mounting portions. In the boss portion 41a, an opening portion 41ad that can carry out the hydraulic pump 35 from the hub portion 41a is provided at a position farther from the tower portion 4 than the bearings 32a and 32b. The head housing 42 is provided with an opening for removing the hydraulic pump 35 The portion 42a and the opening and closing portion 42b. In the present embodiment, both the opening portion 41ad and the opening portion 42a are formed larger than the outer diameter of the hydraulic pump 35 in the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis direction of the hub portion 41a. As described above, the head casing 42 is included in the accommodating portion together with the nacelle 10, and the opening portion 42a communicates with the opening portion 41ad when the hydraulic pump 35 is carried out by opening the opening and closing portion 42b. Therefore, by opening the opening and closing portion 42b and attaching the rotor 41 to the support member 31, the hydraulic pump 35 can be carried out outward from the hub portion 41a and the accommodating portion.

在本實施例在轂部41a，在較軸承32a、32b更遠離塔部4的位置，設置有可將油壓泵浦35從轂部41a朝外搬出的開口部41ad，則當油壓泵浦35故障時，也不用將重量物也就是轉子41卸下，可將油壓泵浦35卸下，能以低成本且容易地將油壓泵浦35放到地上進行修理。 In the present embodiment, at the position of the hub portion 41a which is further away from the tower portion 4 than the bearings 32a, 32b, the opening portion 41ad which can carry the hydraulic pump 35 out from the hub portion 41a is provided, and when the hydraulic pump is pumped When the 35 is faulty, the weight, that is, the rotor 41, is not removed, and the hydraulic pump 35 can be removed, and the hydraulic pump 35 can be easily placed on the ground for repair at a low cost.

如本實施例，在將轂部41a配置於收容部內的情況，形成為在油壓泵浦35搬出時可與開口部41ad連通，並且在較軸承32a、32b更遠離塔部4的位置，在收容部形成有可將油壓泵浦35從收容部朝外搬出的開口部42a，藉此不用將重量物也就是轉子41卸下，則可將油壓泵浦35卸下。 In the present embodiment, when the boss portion 41a is disposed in the accommodating portion, it is formed so as to be able to communicate with the opening portion 41ad when the hydraulic pump 35 is carried out, and at a position farther from the tower portion 4 than the bearings 32a and 32b, The accommodating portion is formed with an opening portion 42a through which the hydraulic pump 35 can be carried out from the accommodating portion, whereby the hydraulic pump 35 can be detached without removing the weight, that is, the rotor 41.

在本實施例雖然針對設置有開閉部42的情況來說明，而並不限於此，只要在泵浦搬出時設置於收容部的開口部，能形成為與設置於轂部的開口部連通的狀態的話，則可代替使用。 In the present embodiment, the case where the opening and closing unit 42 is provided is described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the opening portion provided in the accommodating portion when the pump is carried out can be formed in a state of being communicated with the opening provided in the hub portion. If it is, it can be used instead.

相較於在與轂部的旋轉軸方向垂直的方向的 油壓泵浦35的外徑，用來將油壓泵浦35搬出的開口部更大的技術也並非必須。例如，朝與轂部的旋轉軸方向垂直的方向將油壓泵浦35搬出的情況，只要相較於轂部的旋轉軸方向的油壓泵浦35的長度更長的話，則可進行搬出。只要設置相對於任何方向能將油壓泵浦35從轂部41a搬出的開口部即可。 Compared to the direction perpendicular to the direction of the axis of rotation of the hub The outer diameter of the hydraulic pump 35 and the technique for making the opening of the hydraulic pump 35 larger are not necessary. For example, when the hydraulic pump 35 is carried out in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the rotation axis of the hub, if the length of the hydraulic pump 35 in the direction of the rotation axis of the hub is longer, the removal can be performed. It suffices to provide an opening that can lift the hydraulic pump 35 from the hub portion 41a in any direction.

在本實施例，安裝於軸部31a的油壓泵浦35、兩個軸承32a、32b的三個元件之中，油壓泵浦35配置成最接近端面31f，所以不用將軸承32a、32b卸下，(也就是不用將輪轂41a、轉子41卸下)則能將油壓泵浦35從軸部31a卸下。 In the present embodiment, among the three components of the hydraulic pump 35 and the two bearings 32a and 32b attached to the shaft portion 31a, the hydraulic pump 35 is disposed closest to the end surface 31f, so that the bearings 32a, 32b need not be unloaded. Then, the hydraulic pump 35 can be detached from the shaft portion 31a without the hub 41a and the rotor 41 being removed.

在上述各實施例雖然針對使用油壓泵浦作為泵浦的情況來說明，而並不僅限定為油壓泵浦，只要是能將旋轉能量轉換為流體能量的介質即可。作為一個例子，也可使用氣壓取代油壓。在該情況，不需要如油進行循環，從周圍使壓縮空氣進入即可。也就是說將油作為介質使用的情況而從油壓馬達到泵浦為止的回流配管則不需要。 Although the above embodiments have been described with respect to the case where the hydraulic pump is used as the pump, it is not limited to the hydraulic pump, and may be any medium that can convert the rotational energy into the fluid energy. As an example, air pressure can also be used instead of oil pressure. In this case, it is not necessary to circulate as oil, and it is sufficient to allow compressed air to enter from the surroundings. That is to say, the return piping from the hydraulic motor to the pump is not required when the oil is used as a medium.

1‧‧‧轉子 1‧‧‧Rotor

1a‧‧‧轂部 1a‧‧‧ hub

1aa‧‧‧安裝部 1aa‧‧‧Installation Department

1ab‧‧‧安裝部 1ab‧‧‧Installation Department

1ac‧‧‧安裝部 1ac‧‧‧Installation Department

1b‧‧‧葉片 1b‧‧‧ leaves

2‧‧‧支承構件 2‧‧‧Support members

3‧‧‧地基部 3‧‧‧ Foundation

4‧‧‧塔部 4‧‧‧Tower

4b‧‧‧構件 4b‧‧‧ components

5‧‧‧油壓泵浦 5‧‧‧Hydraulic pump

6‧‧‧油壓配管 6‧‧‧Hydraulic piping

7‧‧‧油壓馬達 7‧‧‧Hydraulic motor

8‧‧‧發電機 8‧‧‧Generator

9‧‧‧轉子旋轉軸 9‧‧‧Rotor rotation axis

10‧‧‧機艙 10‧‧‧Cabinet

11‧‧‧機頭外殼 11‧‧‧ nose casing

12a‧‧‧軸承 12a‧‧‧ Bearing

12b‧‧‧軸承 12b‧‧‧ bearing

13‧‧‧旋轉接頭 13‧‧‧Rotary joint

14‧‧‧偏航軸承 14‧‧‧ yaw bearing

15‧‧‧配管部 15‧‧‧Pipe Department

100‧‧‧風力發電裝置 100‧‧‧Wind power plant

Claims (14)

一種風力發電裝置，其特徵為，具備有：受到風力而旋轉的葉片、支承該葉片且與該葉片一起旋轉的轂部、可旋轉地支承上述轂部的軸承、伴隨上述葉片的旋轉使內部的壓力變化的泵浦、以及根據從該泵浦所產生的壓力變化進行發電運轉的發電機；上述泵浦，至少一部分配置於上述轂部內，並且伴隨上述轂部的旋轉提高其內部的壓力，在上述轂部的內徑側具備有：朝該轂部的內徑側突出，在突出的前端部安裝上述軸承的軸承安裝部、以及朝該轂部的內徑側突出，在突出的前端部安裝上述泵浦的泵浦安裝部。 A wind turbine generator comprising: a blade that is rotated by a wind, a hub that supports the blade and rotates together with the blade, a bearing that rotatably supports the hub, and an inner portion that rotates with the blade a pump that changes in pressure and a generator that performs a power generation operation based on a pressure change generated from the pump; at least a part of the pump is disposed in the hub, and the pressure inside the hub is increased as the hub rotates. The inner diameter side of the hub portion is provided so as to protrude toward the inner diameter side of the hub portion, and the bearing attachment portion of the bearing is attached to the protruding distal end portion, and protrudes toward the inner diameter side of the hub portion, and is attached to the protruding distal end portion. The pump mounting portion of the above pump. 如申請專利範圍第1項的風力發電裝置，其中進一步具備有：在與上述轂部的旋轉軸方向垂直的方向的上述泵浦的內徑側配置的軸部、以及用來支承該軸部，並且與上述旋轉軸方向垂直的外徑大於該軸部的支承部；上述軸承固定於上述支承部。 The wind turbine generator according to the first aspect of the invention, further comprising: a shaft portion disposed on an inner diameter side of the pump in a direction perpendicular to a rotation axis direction of the hub portion, and a shaft portion for supporting the shaft portion And an outer diameter perpendicular to the rotation axis direction is larger than a support portion of the shaft portion; and the bearing is fixed to the support portion. 如申請專利範圍第2項的風力發電裝置，其中在 與上述轂部的旋轉軸方向垂直的方向的上述支承部處固定的上述軸承的外徑，大於與上述旋轉軸方向垂直的方向的上述泵浦的外徑。 For example, in the wind power generation device of claim 2, The outer diameter of the bearing fixed to the support portion in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis direction of the hub portion is larger than the outer diameter of the pump in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis direction. 如申請專利範圍第2或3項的風力發電裝置，其中進一步具備有：固定於上述軸部並且與上述軸承不同之軸承，上述泵浦是配置於：固定於上述支承部的軸承與固定於上述軸部的軸承之間。 The wind turbine generator according to claim 2, further comprising: a bearing fixed to the shaft portion and different from the bearing, wherein the pump is disposed on a bearing fixed to the support portion and fixed to the above Between the bearings of the shaft. 如申請專利範圍第1項的風力發電裝置，其中進一步具備有：配置在與上述轂部的旋轉軸方向垂直的方向的上述泵浦的內徑側的軸部、以及用來支承該軸部，並且與上述旋轉軸方向垂直的外徑大於該軸部的支承部；上述泵浦面向上述支承部，並且被固定於上述支承部。 The wind turbine generator according to the first aspect of the invention, further comprising: a shaft portion disposed on an inner diameter side of the pump in a direction perpendicular to a rotation axis direction of the hub portion, and a shaft portion for supporting the shaft portion And an outer diameter perpendicular to the rotation axis direction is larger than a support portion of the shaft portion; the pump faces the support portion and is fixed to the support portion. 如申請專利範圍第2項的風力發電裝置，其中上述支承部形成為中空狀，在上述支承部的中空部配置有：讓藉由上述泵浦而變化壓力的介質通過內部的配管。 In the wind turbine generator of the second aspect of the invention, the support portion is formed in a hollow shape, and a pipe through which the medium whose pressure is changed by the pumping is passed is disposed in a hollow portion of the support portion. 一種風力發電裝置，其特徵為，具備有：受到風力而旋轉的葉片、支承該葉片且與該葉片一起旋轉的轂部、 支承上述葉片的荷重的塔部、一端連接於上述轂部，另一端連接於支承上述轂部的荷重的支承部，並且伴隨上述葉片的旋轉使內部的壓力變化的泵浦、以及根據從該泵浦所產生的壓力變化進行發電運轉的發電機；上述支承部至少一部分配置於上述轂部內，上述泵浦，配置於上述轂部內的上述支承部與上述轂部之間，並且伴隨上述轂部的旋轉提高其內部的壓力，且在上述轂部形成有：在相較於上述任一軸承更遠離上述塔部的位置，可將上述泵浦從上述轂部朝外搬出的開口部。 A wind turbine generator characterized by comprising: a blade that is rotated by a wind, a hub that supports the blade and rotates together with the blade, a tower portion for supporting the load of the vane, one end connected to the hub portion, the other end connected to a support portion for supporting the load of the hub portion, and a pump for changing the internal pressure accompanying the rotation of the vane, and according to the pump a generator that generates a power generation operation due to a change in pressure generated by the pump; at least a part of the support portion is disposed in the hub portion, and the pump is disposed between the support portion and the hub portion in the hub portion, and is accompanied by the hub portion The rotation increases the pressure inside thereof, and the boss portion is formed with an opening portion from which the pump is carried out outward from the hub portion at a position farther from the tower portion than any of the above-described bearings. 一種風力發電裝置，其特徵為，具備有：受到風力而旋轉的葉片、支承該葉片且與該葉片一起旋轉的轂部、可旋轉地支承上述轂部的軸承、支承上述葉片的荷重的塔部、伴隨上述葉片的旋轉使內部的壓力變化的泵浦、以及根據從該泵浦所產生的壓力變化進行發電運轉的發電機；上述泵浦，至少一部分配置於上述轂部內，並且伴隨上述轂部的旋轉提高其內部的壓力， 在上述轂部形成有：在相較於上述任一軸承更遠離上述塔部的位置，可將上述泵浦從上述轂部朝外搬出的開口部。 A wind turbine generator comprising: a blade that rotates by a wind, a hub that supports the blade and rotates together with the blade, a bearing that rotatably supports the hub, and a tower that supports a load of the blade a pump that changes internal pressure accompanying rotation of the vane, and a generator that performs a power generation operation based on a pressure change generated from the pump; the pump is disposed at least partially in the hub portion, and is accompanied by the hub portion The rotation increases the pressure inside it, The hub portion is formed with an opening portion from which the pump is carried out outward from the hub portion at a position farther from the tower portion than any of the above-described bearings. 如申請專利範圍第1、7、8項中任一項的風力發電裝置，其中將在其內部讓藉由上述泵浦而變化壓力的介質通過的配管，經由旋轉接頭拉出而連接於根據壓力變化而旋轉的馬達。 The wind power generator according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the pipe through which the medium whose pressure is changed by the pumping is passed through the rotary joint is connected to the pressure according to the pressure. A motor that changes and rotates. 如申請專利範圍第1、7、8項中任一項的風力發電裝置，其中上述泵浦為油壓泵浦。 The wind power generator of any one of claims 1, 7, and 8, wherein the pump is hydraulically pumped. 如申請專利範圍第1、7、8項中任一項的風力發電裝置，其中上述泵浦為氣壓泵浦。 A wind power generator according to any one of claims 1, 7, and 8, wherein the pump is pneumatically pumped. 如申請專利範圍第1、7、8項中任一項的風力發電裝置，其中在上述轂部的旋轉軸方向配置複數個上述軸承，並且由上述葉片及上述轂部組合成的轉子之重心位於：上述複數的軸承之中配置於上述旋轉軸方向兩端的軸承之間。 The wind turbine generator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a plurality of the bearings are disposed in a direction of a rotation axis of the hub, and a center of gravity of the rotor in which the blade and the hub are combined is located The plurality of bearings are disposed between the bearings at both ends of the rotation axis direction. 如申請專利範圍第7或8項的風力發電裝置，其中上述開口部形成為，比在與上述轂部的旋轉軸方向垂直的方向的上述泵浦的外徑更大。 The wind power generator according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the opening is formed to be larger than an outer diameter of the pump in a direction perpendicular to a rotation axis direction of the hub. 如申請專利範圍第7或8項的風力發電裝置，其中進一步具備有：於水平面內可旋轉地藉由上述塔部支承的收容部；上述轂部配置於該收容部內， 在上述收容部形成有其他開口部，該其他開口部形成為在上述泵浦搬出時可與上述開口部連通，且在較上述軸承更遠離上述塔部的位置，可將上述泵浦從上述收容部朝外搬出。 The wind turbine generator according to claim 7 or 8, further comprising: a housing portion rotatably supported by the tower portion in a horizontal plane; wherein the hub portion is disposed in the housing portion Another opening portion is formed in the accommodating portion, and the other opening portion is formed to be connectable to the opening portion when the pump is carried out, and the pump can be detached from the position at a position farther from the tower portion than the bearing. 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