TWI519032B - Charging method and charging system using the same - Google Patents
Charging method and charging system using the same Download PDFInfo
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- TWI519032B TWI519032B TW103129102A TW103129102A TWI519032B TW I519032 B TWI519032 B TW I519032B TW 103129102 A TW103129102 A TW 103129102A TW 103129102 A TW103129102 A TW 103129102A TW I519032 B TWI519032 B TW I519032B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Description
本案係關於一種充電方法，尤指一種可避免電池單元於充電時產生過電壓，且可大幅降低電池單元充電時間之充電方法及其適用之充電系統。 The present invention relates to a charging method, and more particularly to a charging method capable of avoiding an overvoltage of a battery unit during charging and which can greatly reduce the charging time of the battery unit and a charging system suitable for the same.
到目前為止，結合定電流及定電壓充電之混合式充電法已成為主流，混合式充電法之充電策略為在電池單元電壓較低時先提供一定電流來對電池單元充電，而當電池單元之電壓經由固定電流充電而上升到一預設電壓值時，則改提供一定電壓來對電池單元充電，並於電池單元所接收之充電電流小於一預設電流值時判定電池單元為充飽狀態。 So far, the hybrid charging method combining constant current and constant voltage charging has become the mainstream. The charging strategy of the hybrid charging method is to supply a certain current to charge the battery unit when the battery cell voltage is low, and when the battery unit is When the voltage is raised to a predetermined voltage value by charging with a fixed current, a certain voltage is supplied to charge the battery unit, and the battery unit is determined to be fully charged when the charging current received by the battery unit is less than a predetermined current value.
然而，當利用混合式充電法同時對複數個電池單元充電時，由於各電池單元具有不同效能參數，因此導致部份電池單元在充電過程中係較快到達一安全電壓值，此時若繼續對到達安全電壓值之電池單元及其它電池單元進行充電，達到安全電壓值之電池單元可能產生過電壓之問題而嚴重受損，導致無法使用。 However, when a plurality of battery cells are simultaneously charged by the hybrid charging method, since each battery cell has different performance parameters, some battery cells reach a safe voltage value faster during the charging process. The battery unit and other battery units that have reached the safe voltage value are charged, and the battery unit that reaches the safe voltage value may be seriously damaged due to the problem of overvoltage, and may be unusable.
雖然為了解決上述之問題，部分的充電方法係改為先輸出定電流對複數個電池單元進行充電，當複數個電池單元中之任一電池單 元在充電過程中達到安全電壓值時，暫停對複數個電池單元充電，待複數個電池單元之間利用例如平衡電路而達到電壓平衡後，再重新輸出定電流以對複數個電池單元充電，如此一來，便可避免電池單元在充電過程中產生過電壓之問題。然而，由上述可知，由於每個電池單元具有不同效能參數，故在充電過程中電壓上升速率並不相同，因此當充電過程中有任一電池單元到達安全電壓值時，僅能先關閉充電電流，待複數個電池單元之間達到電壓平衡時，才能再對複數個電池單元進行充電，如此一來，亦造成電池單元充電時間必須大幅拉長，導致電池單元充電效率不佳之問題。 In order to solve the above problems, part of the charging method is to first output a constant current to charge a plurality of battery cells, when any one of the plurality of battery cells When the safe voltage value is reached during the charging process, the plurality of battery cells are temporarily suspended, and after a plurality of battery cells are balanced by, for example, a balance circuit, the constant current is re-outputted to charge the plurality of battery cells. In one way, the problem of overvoltage in the battery unit during charging can be avoided. However, as can be seen from the above, since each battery unit has different performance parameters, the rate of voltage rise during charging is not the same, so when any battery unit reaches a safe voltage value during charging, only the charging current can be turned off first. When the voltage balance between the plurality of battery cells is reached, the plurality of battery cells can be charged again. As a result, the charging time of the battery cells must be greatly lengthened, resulting in poor charging efficiency of the battery cells.
因此，如何發展出一種可避免電池單元在充電過程中產生過電壓情況，且可大幅縮短充電時間之充電方法及其適用之充電系統，實為相關技術領域者目前所迫切需要解決之問題。 Therefore, how to develop a charging method that can avoid the occurrence of overvoltage in the charging process of the battery unit and can greatly shorten the charging time and the charging system to which it is applied is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the related art.
本案之目的在於提供一種充電方法及其適用之充電系統，其係於電池組之複數個電池單元接收第一充電電流而進行充電過程中，若有任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值時，降低第一充電電流之電流值，使複數個電池單元之電壓值降低而避免過電壓的情況產生，俾解決習知充電方法必須先關閉充電電流，造成電池單元充電時間必須大幅拉長而導致電池單元充電效率不佳之問題。 The purpose of the present invention is to provide a charging method and a charging system therefor, in which a plurality of battery cells of a battery pack receive a first charging current for charging, and if any of the battery cells reaches a voltage setting value , reducing the current value of the first charging current, reducing the voltage value of the plurality of battery cells to avoid overvoltage conditions, and solving the conventional charging method must first turn off the charging current, so that the charging time of the battery unit must be greatly elongated, resulting in The problem of poor battery charging efficiency.
本案之另一目的在於提供一種充電方法及其適用之充電系統，其係於電池組之複數個電池單元接收第一充電電流而進行充電過程中，若有任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值時，先降低第一充電電流之電流值，且控制與達到電壓設定值之電池單元相對應 之開關元件導通，使直流/直流轉換模組經由導通之開關元件接收達到電壓設定值之電池單元之電能並轉換為第二充電電流，使複數個電池單元改由同時接收第一充電電流以及第二充電電流來進行充電，藉此使複數個電池單元在充電過程中無須暫停充電即可達到電壓平衡，以避免過電壓的情況產生，俾解決習知充電方法具有充電效率不佳之缺失。 Another object of the present invention is to provide a charging method and a charging system therefor, in which a plurality of battery cells of a battery pack receive a first charging current for charging, and if any of the battery cells reaches a voltage setting When the value is used, the current value of the first charging current is first decreased, and the control corresponds to the battery unit that reaches the voltage setting value. The switching element is turned on, so that the DC/DC conversion module receives the power of the battery unit that reaches the voltage setting value through the turned-on switching element and converts it into the second charging current, so that the plurality of battery units are changed to receive the first charging current and the first The charging current is used for charging, so that a plurality of battery cells can achieve voltage balance without suspending charging during charging to avoid an overvoltage condition, and the conventional charging method has a lack of charging efficiency.
為達上述目的，本案之一較佳實施態樣為提供一種充電方法，係應用於充電系統，充電系統包含電池組，其中電池組係具有複數個電池單元，充電方法包含下列步驟：(a)提供第一充電電流至電池組，以對複數個電池單元進行充電；(b)於第一充電電流大於設定電流值時偵測複數個電池單元中是否有任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值；(c)當偵測到複數個電池單元之任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值時，降低第一充電電流之電流值；(d)判斷第一充電電流是否大於設定電流值；以及(e)當步驟(d)的判別結果為否時，結束充電方法。 In order to achieve the above object, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a charging method for a charging system, the charging system comprising a battery pack, wherein the battery pack has a plurality of battery cells, and the charging method comprises the following steps: (a) Providing a first charging current to the battery pack to charge a plurality of battery cells; (b) detecting whether a voltage value of any one of the plurality of battery cells reaches a voltage setting when the first charging current is greater than the set current value (c) decreasing the current value of the first charging current when detecting that the voltage value of any one of the plurality of battery cells reaches the voltage setting value; (d) determining whether the first charging current is greater than the set current value; And (e) when the discrimination result of the step (d) is NO, the charging method is ended.
為達上述目的，本案之另一較佳實施態樣為提供一種充電方法，係應用於充電系統，充電系統包含電池組、複數個開關元件、直流/直流轉換模組，其中電池組係具有複數個電池單元，且複數個電池單元之間係具有電壓平均值，每一開關元件係與對應之電池單元並聯連接，直流/直流轉換模組係與電池組及複數個開關元件電性連接，主動式平衡充電方法包含下列步驟：(a)提供第一充電電流至電池組，以對複數個電池單元進行充電；(b)於第一充電電流大於設定電流值時偵測複數個電池單元中是否有任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值；(c)當偵測到複數個電池單 元之任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值時，降低第一充電電流之電流值，並使大於電壓平均值之所有電池單元所對應之所有開關元件導通；(d)直流/直流轉換模組係經由所有導通之開關元件接收所有大於電壓平均值之電池單元之電能，並轉換為第二充電電流而輸出至電池組，使電池組經由第一充電電流及第二充電電流充電，俾使複數個電池單元達到電壓平衡；(e)判斷第一充電電流是否大於設定電流值；以及(f)當步驟(e)判別結果為否時，結束充電方法。 In order to achieve the above object, another preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a charging method for a charging system. The charging system includes a battery pack, a plurality of switching elements, and a DC/DC conversion module, wherein the battery system has a plurality of a battery unit, and a plurality of battery units have a voltage average value, each switching element is connected in parallel with a corresponding battery unit, and the DC/DC conversion module is electrically connected to the battery pack and the plurality of switching elements, and is actively The balanced charging method comprises the steps of: (a) providing a first charging current to the battery pack to charge a plurality of battery cells; and (b) detecting whether the plurality of battery cells are detected when the first charging current is greater than the set current value The voltage value of any battery unit reaches the voltage setting value; (c) when multiple battery sheets are detected When the voltage value of any one of the battery cells reaches the voltage set value, the current value of the first charging current is decreased, and all the switching elements corresponding to all the battery cells greater than the average value of the voltage are turned on; (d) DC/DC conversion mode The group receives all the electrical energy of the battery cells larger than the voltage average through all the switching elements that are turned on, and converts them into the second charging current to output to the battery pack, so that the battery pack is charged via the first charging current and the second charging current, so that the battery pack is charged. The plurality of battery cells reach a voltage balance; (e) determining whether the first charging current is greater than the set current value; and (f) when the determining result in the step (e) is negative, ending the charging method.
為達上述目的，本案之又一較佳實施態樣為一種充電系統，包含：電池組，具有串聯連接之複數個電池單元；偵測裝置，係與複數個電池單元電性連接，用以偵測複數個電池單元之電壓值，進而偵測是否有任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值；以及平衡充電模組，係與電池組及偵測裝置電性連接，用以提供第一充電電流至電池組；其中，當任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值且第一充電電流之電流值大於設定電流值時，平衡充電模組係降低第一充電電流之電流值。 In order to achieve the above object, another preferred embodiment of the present invention is a charging system comprising: a battery pack having a plurality of battery cells connected in series; and a detecting device electrically connected to the plurality of battery cells for detecting Detecting the voltage values of the plurality of battery cells, thereby detecting whether the voltage value of any of the battery cells reaches the voltage setting value; and the balancing charging module is electrically connected to the battery pack and the detecting device to provide the first charging Current to the battery pack; wherein, when the voltage value of any of the battery cells reaches the voltage set value and the current value of the first charging current is greater than the set current value, the balanced charging module reduces the current value of the first charging current.
為達上述目的，本案之又一較佳實施態樣為一種充電系統，包含：電池組，具有串聯連接之複數個電池單元，且複數個電池單元之間係具有電壓平均值；偵測裝置，係與複數個電池單元電性連接，用以偵測複數個電池單元之電壓值，進而偵測是否有任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值；複數個開關元件，每一開關元件係與對應之電池單元並聯連接，用以進行導通或截止之切換；直流/直流轉換模組，係與電池組及複數個開關元件電性連接，用以當任一開關元件導通時，經由導通之開關元件接收與導通之 開關元件相對應之電池單元所儲存之電能，並轉換為第二充電電流，以輸出至電池組；以及平衡充電模組，係與電池組、偵測裝置及複數個開關元件電性連接，用以提供第一充電電流至電池組，且依據偵測裝置的偵測結果對應控制複數個開關元件分別進行導通或截止之切換；其中，當任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值且第一充電電流之電流值大於設定電流值時，平衡充電模組係降低第一充電電流之電流值，並控制複數個電池單元中大於電壓平均值之所有電池單元所對應之所有開關元件導通，使大於電壓平均值之所有電池單元之電能經由所有導通之開關元件而被直流/直流轉換模組轉換為第二充電電流，使複數個電池單元經由第一充電電流及第二充電電流充電而達到電壓平衡。 In order to achieve the above object, another preferred embodiment of the present invention is a charging system comprising: a battery pack having a plurality of battery cells connected in series, and a plurality of battery cells having a voltage average value; a detecting device, The system is electrically connected to a plurality of battery cells for detecting voltage values of the plurality of battery cells, thereby detecting whether a voltage value of any of the battery cells reaches a voltage setting value; a plurality of switching components, each of the switching components Corresponding battery units are connected in parallel for switching on or off; the DC/DC conversion module is electrically connected to the battery pack and the plurality of switching elements for turning on the switch when any of the switching elements is turned on Component reception and conduction The electric energy stored in the battery unit corresponding to the switching element is converted into a second charging current for output to the battery pack; and the balanced charging module is electrically connected to the battery pack, the detecting device and the plurality of switching elements. The first charging current is supplied to the battery pack, and the plurality of switching elements are respectively controlled to be turned on or off according to the detection result of the detecting device; wherein, when the voltage value of any battery unit reaches the voltage setting value and is first When the current value of the charging current is greater than the set current value, the balanced charging module reduces the current value of the first charging current, and controls all of the switching elements corresponding to all the battery cells of the plurality of battery cells that are greater than the voltage average to be turned on, so as to be greater than The electric energy of all the battery cells of the voltage average is converted into the second charging current by the DC/DC conversion module through all the switching elements that are turned on, so that the plurality of battery cells are charged by the first charging current and the second charging current to achieve voltage balance. .
1、2‧‧‧充電系統 1, 2‧‧‧Charging system
11、21‧‧‧電池組 11, 21‧‧‧ battery pack
11a-11d、21a-21d‧‧‧電池單元 11a-11d, 21a-21d‧‧‧ battery unit
12、22‧‧‧偵測裝置 12, 22‧‧‧Detection device
13、23‧‧‧開關模組 13, 23‧‧‧ switch module
13a-13d、23a-23d‧‧‧複數個開關元件 13a-13d, 23a-23d‧‧‧Multiple switching elements
14、24‧‧‧直流/直流轉換模組 14, 24‧‧‧DC/DC converter module
15、25‧‧‧平衡充電模組 15, 25‧‧‧ Balanced charging module
I1‧‧‧第一充電電流 I1‧‧‧First charging current
I2‧‧‧第二充電電流 I2‧‧‧second charging current
14a-14d、24a-24d‧‧‧直流/直流轉換電路 14a-14d, 24a-24d‧‧‧DC/DC converter circuit
151、251‧‧‧電流調節裝置 151, 251‧‧‧ current regulating device
152、252‧‧‧電源供應裝置 152, 252‧‧‧Power supply unit
153、253‧‧‧控制器 153, 253‧‧ ‧ controller
S10-S14、S30-S35、S40-S45‧‧‧充電方法之運作流程 Operational process of S10-S14, S30-S35, S40-S45‧‧‧ charging method
第1圖係為本案較佳實施例之充電系統的電路結構示意圖。 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the circuit structure of a charging system of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
第2圖係為第1圖所示之充電系統的細部電路結構示意圖。 Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the detailed circuit structure of the charging system shown in Fig. 1.
第3圖係為應用於第2圖所示之充電系統的充電方法之一較佳實施例的運作流程圖。 Fig. 3 is a flow chart showing the operation of a preferred embodiment of the charging method applied to the charging system shown in Fig. 2.
第4圖係為本案另一較佳實施例之充電系統的電路結構示意圖。 Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing the circuit structure of a charging system according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
第5圖係為第4圖所示之充電系統的細部電路結構示意圖。 Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the detailed circuit structure of the charging system shown in Fig. 4.
第6圖係為應用於第5圖所示之充電系統的充電方法之一較佳實施例的運作流程圖。 Fig. 6 is a flow chart showing the operation of a preferred embodiment of the charging method applied to the charging system shown in Fig. 5.
第7圖係為應用於第5圖所示之充電系統的充電方法之另一較佳實施例的運作流程圖。 Fig. 7 is a flow chart showing the operation of another preferred embodiment of the charging method applied to the charging system shown in Fig. 5.
體現本案特徵與優點的一些典型實施例將在後段的說明中詳細敘 述。應理解的是本案能夠在不同的態樣上具有各種的變化，其皆不脫離本案的範圍，且其中的說明及圖式在本質上係當作說明之用，而非用於限制本案。 Some exemplary embodiments embodying the features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the description of the latter paragraph. Said. It is to be understood that the present invention is capable of various modifications in the various aspects of the present invention, and the description and drawings are intended to be illustrative and not limiting.
請參閱第1圖，其係為本案較佳實施例之充電系統的電路結構示意圖。如第1圖所示，充電系統1包含電池組11、偵測裝置12及平衡充電模組15。其中電池組11包含串聯連接之複數個電池單元，例如第1圖所示之四組電池單元11a、11b、11c、11d，但不以此為限制，此外，複數個電池單元11a-11d更可分別為但不限於由至少一鋰電池所構成。 Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the charging system of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the charging system 1 includes a battery pack 11, a detecting device 12, and a balanced charging module 15. The battery pack 11 includes a plurality of battery cells connected in series, such as the four battery cells 11a, 11b, 11c, and 11d shown in FIG. 1, but is not limited thereto. In addition, the plurality of battery cells 11a-11d can be further They are respectively, but not limited to, composed of at least one lithium battery.
偵測裝置12係與電池組11之複數個電池單元11a-11d及平衡充電模組15電性連接，用以偵測複數個電池單元11a-11d之電壓值，進而偵測複數個電池單元11a-11d中是否有任一電池單元，即電池單元11a、11b、11c或11d之電壓值是否到達電壓設定值，並將偵測結果傳送至平衡充電模組15。 The detecting device 12 is electrically connected to the plurality of battery cells 11a-11d and the balanced charging module 15 of the battery pack 11 for detecting voltage values of the plurality of battery cells 11a-11d, thereby detecting a plurality of battery cells 11a. Whether there is any battery unit in -11d, that is, whether the voltage value of the battery unit 11a, 11b, 11c or 11d reaches the voltage setting value, and transmits the detection result to the balanced charging module 15.
平衡充電模組15係與電池組11及偵測裝置12電性連接，用以輸出第一充電電流I1對複數個電池單元11a-11d充電。平衡充電模組15更於第一充電電流I1之電流值大於一設定電流值且偵測裝置12偵測到複數個電池單元11a-11d之中任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值時，降低第一充電電流I1之電流值。 The balance charging module 15 is electrically connected to the battery pack 11 and the detecting device 12 for outputting the first charging current I1 to charge the plurality of battery cells 11a-11d. When the current value of the first charging current I1 is greater than a set current value and the detecting device 12 detects that the voltage value of any one of the plurality of battery cells 11a-11d reaches the voltage setting value, The current value of the first charging current I1 is lowered.
請參閱第2圖並配合第1圖，其中第2圖係為第1圖所示之充電系統的細部電路結構示意圖。如第1、2圖所示，於一些實施中，平衡充電模組15亦包含電流調節裝置151、電源供應裝置152及控制器153，其中電源供應裝置152係用以輸出電能。電流調節裝置151 係與電源供應裝置152及電池組11電性連接，用以接收電源供應裝置152所輸出之電能，並將所接收之該電能轉換而輸出第一充電電流I1至電池組11，以對電池組11之複數個電池單元11a-11d充電。控制器153係與電流調節裝置151及偵測裝置12電性連接，用以控制電流調節裝置151之運作，以調整第一充電電流I1的電流值。此外，控制器153更於第一充電電流I1之電流值大於設定電流值且偵測裝置12偵測到複數個電池單元11a-11d之中任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值時，降低第一充電電流I1之電流值。 Please refer to FIG. 2 and FIG. 1 , wherein FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the detailed circuit structure of the charging system shown in FIG. 1 . As shown in the first and second figures, in some implementations, the balanced charging module 15 also includes a current regulating device 151, a power supply device 152, and a controller 153, wherein the power supply device 152 is configured to output electrical energy. Current regulating device 151 The system is electrically connected to the power supply device 152 and the battery pack 11 for receiving the power output by the power supply device 152, and converting the received electrical energy to output the first charging current I1 to the battery pack 11 to the battery pack. A plurality of battery cells 11a-11d of 11 are charged. The controller 153 is electrically connected to the current adjusting device 151 and the detecting device 12 for controlling the operation of the current adjusting device 151 to adjust the current value of the first charging current I1. In addition, the controller 153 further decreases when the current value of the first charging current I1 is greater than the set current value and the detecting device 12 detects that the voltage value of any one of the plurality of battery cells 11a-11d reaches the voltage setting value. The current value of the first charging current I1.
於上述實施例中，第一充電電流I1係可為1A，電壓設定值係可為4.2v，設定電流值係可為200mA，但皆不以此為限。此外，當第一充電電流I1之電流值大於設定電流值且偵測裝置12偵測到複數個電池單元11a-11d之中任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值時，控制器153係以一預定降低電流量降低第一充電電流I1之電流值，其中該預定降低電流量可為200mA，但不以此為限。 In the above embodiment, the first charging current I1 can be 1A, the voltage setting value can be 4.2v, and the set current value can be 200mA, but not limited thereto. In addition, when the current value of the first charging current I1 is greater than the set current value and the detecting device 12 detects that the voltage value of any one of the plurality of battery cells 11a-11d reaches the voltage setting value, the controller 153 A predetermined reduced current amount reduces the current value of the first charging current I1, wherein the predetermined reduced current amount may be 200 mA, but is not limited thereto.
以下將進一步說明本案之充電系統1之運作方式，為了可清楚了解本案技術，將以電池組11之電池單元11a係為充電速率，亦即電壓上升速率相較於其它電池單元11b-11d為快來舉例說明。當充電系統1開始運作而對電池組11之複數個電池單元11a-11d進行充電時，電源供應裝置152所輸出之電能將由電流調節裝置151轉換成第一充電電流I1，並供應至複數個電池單元11a-11d，以對複數個電池單元11a-11d進行充電。由於電池單元11a的效能參數不同於其它電池單元11b-11d而具有較快的電壓上升速率，因此在充電過程中，電池單元11a將先到達電壓設定值4.2v，此時偵 測裝置12便偵測到電池單元11a到達電壓設定值4.2v，且由於第一充電電流I1之電流值為1A大於設定電流值200mA，故使得控制器153在第一充電電流I1之電流值大於設定電流值而電池單元11a到達電壓設定值4.2v的情況下，依據偵測裝置12之偵測結果先控制電流調節裝置151以預定降低電流量而降低第一充電電流I1之電流值，亦即將第一充電電流I1之電流值1A以200mA之預定降低電流量進行下降，使第一充電電流I1之電流值變成800mA，此時在電池單元11a-11d接收第一充電電流I1的充電過程中，電池單元11a-11d的電壓值便可藉由本身電池內之阻抗而下降，進而使電池單元11a之電壓值並不會超過電壓設定值4.2v而產生過電壓之情況。之後，控制器153更將為800mA之第一充電電流I1之電流值與設定電流值200mA比較，若第一充電電流I1之電流值大於設定電流值，則利用調整後之第一充電電流I1，即800mA之電流值對複數個電池單元11a-11d繼續充電，若第一充電電流I1之電流值未大於設定電流值，則代表複數個電池單元11a-11d完成充電，故充電系統1便停止運作，以停止對電池組11之複數個電池單元11a-11d進行充電。 The operation mode of the charging system 1 of the present invention will be further described below. In order to clearly understand the technology of the present invention, the battery unit 11a of the battery pack 11 is charged at a charging rate, that is, the voltage rising rate is faster than that of the other battery units 11b-11d. To illustrate. When the charging system 1 starts to operate and charges a plurality of battery cells 11a-11d of the battery pack 11, the electric energy outputted by the power supply device 152 is converted into a first charging current I1 by the current regulating device 151, and supplied to a plurality of batteries. The units 11a-11d charge a plurality of battery cells 11a-11d. Since the performance parameter of the battery unit 11a has a faster voltage rise rate than the other battery units 11b-11d, during the charging process, the battery unit 11a will first reach the voltage setting value 4.2v, at this time The measuring device 12 detects that the battery unit 11a reaches the voltage setting value 4.2v, and since the current value of the first charging current I1 is greater than the set current value of 200 mA, the current value of the controller 153 at the first charging current I1 is greater than When the current value is set and the battery unit 11a reaches the voltage setting value 4.2v, the current adjustment device 151 is first controlled according to the detection result of the detecting device 12 to reduce the current value of the first charging current I1 by a predetermined amount of current reduction, that is, The current value 1A of the first charging current I1 is decreased by a predetermined decreasing current amount of 200 mA, so that the current value of the first charging current I1 becomes 800 mA. At this time, during the charging process in which the battery unit 11a-11d receives the first charging current I1, The voltage value of the battery cells 11a-11d can be lowered by the impedance in the battery itself, and the voltage value of the battery cell 11a does not exceed the voltage set value 4.2v to generate an overvoltage. Then, the controller 153 compares the current value of the first charging current I1 of 800 mA with the set current value of 200 mA. If the current value of the first charging current I1 is greater than the set current value, the adjusted first charging current I1 is used. That is, the current value of 800 mA continues to charge the plurality of battery cells 11a-11d. If the current value of the first charging current I1 is not greater than the set current value, the plurality of battery cells 11a-11d are charged, so the charging system 1 stops operating. To stop charging the plurality of battery cells 11a-11d of the battery pack 11.
由上可知，由於此時800mA之第一充電電流I1之電流值係大於設定電流值200mA，因此將利用800mA之第一充電電流I1對複數個電池單元11a-11d繼續充電，而在複數個電池單元11a-11d於充電過程中，當電池單元11a之電壓值又到達電壓設定值4.2v時，控制器153便再次控制電流調節裝置151以200mA之預定降低電流量而降低第一充電電流I1之電流值，使第一充電電流I1之電流值變成600mA，電池單元11a-11d的電壓值將再藉由電池內之阻抗使電池 單元11a-11d之電壓值下降，進而使電池單元11a之電壓值並不會超過電壓設定值4.2v。之後，控制器153更將為600mA之第一充電電流I1之電流值與設定電流值200mA比較，若第一充電電流I1之電流值仍大於設定電流值，則繼續利用調整後之第一充電電流I1，即600mA之電流值對複數個電池單元11a-11d繼續充電，並再次重複循環上述之運作方式，直到當第一充電電流I1未大於200mA之設定電流值時，代表複數個電池單元11a-11d已完成充電，故充電系統1便停止運作，以停止對電池組11之複數個電池單元11a-11d進行充電。 As can be seen from the above, since the current value of the first charging current I1 of 800 mA is greater than the set current value of 200 mA, the plurality of battery cells 11a-11d will continue to be charged with the first charging current I1 of 800 mA, and in the plurality of batteries. During the charging process, when the voltage value of the battery unit 11a reaches the voltage setting value 4.2v again, the controller 153 controls the current adjusting device 151 to lower the first charging current I1 by a predetermined amount of current reduction of 200 mA. The current value causes the current value of the first charging current I1 to become 600 mA, and the voltage value of the battery cells 11a-11d is further caused by the impedance in the battery The voltage values of the cells 11a-11d are lowered, so that the voltage value of the battery cells 11a does not exceed the voltage set value 4.2v. After that, the controller 153 compares the current value of the first charging current I1 of 600 mA with the set current value of 200 mA. If the current value of the first charging current I1 is still greater than the set current value, the adjusted first charging current is continued. I1, that is, the current value of 600 mA continues to charge the plurality of battery cells 11a-11d, and repeats the above-mentioned operation mode again until the first charging current I1 is not greater than the set current value of 200 mA, representing a plurality of battery cells 11a- The charging has been completed 11d, so the charging system 1 stops operating to stop charging the plurality of battery cells 11a-11d of the battery pack 11.
請參閱第3圖並配合第2圖，第3圖係為應用於第2圖所示之充電系統的充電方法之一較佳實施例的運作流程圖。如第2、3圖所示，首先，執行步驟S10，亦即藉由平衡充電模組15提供第一充電電流I1至複數個電池單元11a-11d，以對複數個電池單元11a-11d進行充電。其中於步驟S10中，平衡充電模組15之內部運作方式為，電流調節裝置151將電源供應裝置152所提供之電能轉換為第一充電電流I1，並輸出至複數個電池單元11a-11d，以對複數個電池單元11a-11d進行充電。 Referring to FIG. 3 and in conjunction with FIG. 2, FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing the operation of a preferred embodiment of the charging method applied to the charging system shown in FIG. 2. As shown in the second and third figures, first, step S10 is performed, that is, the first charging current I1 is supplied to the plurality of battery cells 11a-11d by the balanced charging module 15 to charge the plurality of battery cells 11a-11d. . In step S10, the internal operation mode of the balanced charging module 15 is that the current adjusting device 151 converts the electric energy provided by the power supply device 152 into the first charging current I1, and outputs the same to the plurality of battery units 11a-11d. A plurality of battery cells 11a-11d are charged.
接著，執行步驟S11，亦即在第一充電電流I1大於設定電流值的條件下藉由偵測裝置12偵測複數個電池單元11a-11d中是否有任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值。當步驟S11中偵測裝置12偵測到沒有任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值時，係再次執行步驟S11，反之，當偵測裝置12偵測複數個電池單元11a-11d中有任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值時，則執行步驟S12，亦即控制器153控制電流調節裝置151降低第一充電電流I1。 Then, step S11 is performed, that is, when the first charging current I1 is greater than the set current value, the detecting device 12 detects whether any of the plurality of battery cells 11a-11d reaches the voltage setting value. . When the detecting device 12 detects that the voltage value of any of the battery cells reaches the voltage setting value in step S11, step S11 is performed again. Otherwise, when the detecting device 12 detects the plurality of battery cells 11a-11d When the voltage value of a battery unit reaches the voltage set value, step S12 is performed, that is, the controller 153 controls the current adjusting device 151 to lower the first charging current I1.
再來執行步驟S13，平衡充電模組15之控制器153係判斷第一充電電流I1是否大於設定電流值。而於步驟S13中，若判斷為是時，則再次執行步驟S11，反之，當判別結果為否時，則執行步驟S14，結束該充電方法。於步驟S14中，複數個電池單元11a-11d已完成充電，故結束充電方法，以停止對電池組11之複數個電池單元11a-11d進行充電。 Then, in step S13, the controller 153 of the balance charging module 15 determines whether the first charging current I1 is greater than the set current value. On the other hand, if the determination in step S13 is YES, step S11 is executed again. Otherwise, if the determination result is negative, step S14 is executed to end the charging method. In step S14, the plurality of battery cells 11a-11d have been charged, so that the charging method is terminated to stop charging the plurality of battery cells 11a-11d of the battery pack 11.
相較於習知之充電方法，本實施例之充電方法係當複數個電池單元11a-11d接收第一充電電流I1而進行充電過程中，若有任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值時，先降低第一充電電流I1之電流值，藉此使到達電壓設定值之電池單元之電壓值在充電過程中藉由本身電池內之阻抗而下降，如此一來，不但可避免本案之複數個電池單元11a-11d在充電過程中產生過電壓的情況，且由於第一充電電流I1於任一電池單元到達電壓設定值時仍可持續對複數個電池單元11a-11d進行充電而無須中斷，故大幅降低電池組11之充電時間，進而提升充電效率。 Compared with the conventional charging method, in the charging method of the embodiment, when the plurality of battery cells 11a-11d receive the first charging current I1 for charging, if the voltage value of any of the battery cells reaches the voltage setting value, First, the current value of the first charging current I1 is lowered, so that the voltage value of the battery unit reaching the voltage setting value is decreased by the impedance in the battery itself during the charging process, so that not only the plurality of batteries in the present case can be avoided. The cells 11a-11d generate an overvoltage condition during the charging process, and since the first charging current I1 can continue to charge the plurality of battery cells 11a-11d when any of the battery cells reaches the voltage setting value, there is no need to interrupt, so The charging time of the battery pack 11 is lowered, thereby improving the charging efficiency.
請參閱第4圖，其係為本案另一較佳實施例之充電系統的電路結構示意圖。如第4圖所示，充電系統2包含電池組21、偵測裝置22、開關模組23、直流/直流轉換模組24及平衡充電模組25。其中電池組21包含串聯連接之複數個電池單元，例如第1圖所示之四組電池單元21a、21b、21c、21d，但不以此為限制，此外，複數個電池單元21a-21d更可分別為但不限於由至少一鋰電池所構成。 Please refer to FIG. 4, which is a circuit diagram of a charging system according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4 , the charging system 2 includes a battery pack 21 , a detecting device 22 , a switch module 23 , a DC/DC conversion module 24 , and a balanced charging module 25 . The battery unit 21 includes a plurality of battery units connected in series, such as the four battery units 21a, 21b, 21c, and 21d shown in FIG. 1, but is not limited thereto. Further, the plurality of battery units 21a-21d may be further They are respectively, but not limited to, composed of at least one lithium battery.
偵測裝置22係與電池組21之複數個電池單元21a-21d及平衡充電模組25電性連接，用以偵測複數個電池單元21a-21d之電壓值， 進而偵測複數個電池單元21a-21d中是否有任一電池單元，即電池單元21a、21b、21c或21d之電壓值是否到達電壓設定值，並將偵測結果傳送至平衡充電模組25。 The detecting device 22 is electrically connected to the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d and the balanced charging module 25 of the battery pack 21 for detecting the voltage values of the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d. Further, it is detected whether any of the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d has a voltage value, that is, whether the voltage value of the battery cells 21a, 21b, 21c or 21d reaches the voltage setting value, and the detection result is transmitted to the balanced charging module 25.
開關模組23係對應複數個電池單元之個數而具有複數個開關元件，例如第4圖所示，對應於四組電池單元21a-21d，開關模組23係包含四組開關元件23a、23b、23c、23d，複數個開關元件23a-23d係分別與對應之複數個電池單元21a-21d並聯連接，亦即開關元件23a係與電池單元21a並聯連接，開關元件23b係與電池單元21b並聯連接，開關元件23c係與電池單元21c並聯連接，開關元件23d係與電池單元21d並聯連接，且複數個開關元件23a-23d係分別根據對應之複數個電池單元21a-21d之電壓值是否到達一電壓設定值而進行導通或截止之切換。 The switch module 23 has a plurality of switching elements corresponding to the number of the plurality of battery cells. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the switch module 23 includes four sets of switching elements 23a and 23b. And 23c, 23d, the plurality of switching elements 23a-23d are respectively connected in parallel with the corresponding plurality of battery cells 21a-21d, that is, the switching element 23a is connected in parallel with the battery unit 21a, and the switching element 23b is connected in parallel with the battery unit 21b. The switching element 23c is connected in parallel with the battery unit 21c, the switching element 23d is connected in parallel with the battery unit 21d, and the plurality of switching elements 23a-23d respectively reach a voltage according to the voltage values of the corresponding plurality of battery units 21a-21d. Set the value to switch between on or off.
直流/直流轉換模組24係與複數個開關元件23a-23d及電池組21電性連接，用以當複數個開關元件23a、23b、23c、23d中之任一開關元件導通時，經由導通之開關元件而接收複數個電池單元21a-21d中與導通之開關元件相對應且到達電壓設定值之電池單元所儲存之電能，並轉換為第二充電電流I2，以輸出至電池組21而對複數個電池單元21a-21d進行充電。 The DC/DC conversion module 24 is electrically connected to the plurality of switching elements 23a-23d and the battery pack 21, and is configured to be turned on when any one of the plurality of switching elements 23a, 23b, 23c, and 23d is turned on. The switching element receives the electric energy stored in the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d corresponding to the turned-on switching element and reaches the voltage setting value, and converts it into the second charging current I2 to output to the battery pack 21 for the plural The battery cells 21a-21d are charged.
平衡充電模組25係與電池組21、偵測裝置22及開關模組23電性連接，用以輸出第一充電電流I1對複數個電池單元21a-21d充電，且根據偵測裝置22之偵測結果對應控制開關元件23a、23b、23c、23d進行導通或截止之切換動作，平衡充電模組25更於第一充電電流I1之電流值大於一設定電流值且偵測裝置22偵測到複數個電池單元21a-21d之中任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值時 ，降低第一充電電流I1之電流值，且控制複數個開關元件23a-23d中與到達電壓設定值之電池單元相對應之開關元件導通。 The balance charging module 25 is electrically connected to the battery pack 21, the detecting device 22 and the switch module 23 for outputting the first charging current I1 to charge the plurality of battery units 21a-21d, and detecting according to the detecting device 22 The measurement result corresponds to the switching operation of the control switching elements 23a, 23b, 23c, and 23d to turn on or off, and the current value of the balanced charging module 25 to the first charging current I1 is greater than a set current value and the detecting device 22 detects the plural number. When the voltage value of any one of the battery cells 21a-21d reaches the voltage set value And decreasing the current value of the first charging current I1, and controlling the switching elements of the plurality of switching elements 23a-23d corresponding to the battery cells that reach the voltage setting value to be turned on.
請參閱第5圖並配合第4圖，其中第5圖係為第4圖所示之充電系統的細部電路結構示意圖。如第4、5圖所示，於一些實施中，直流/直流轉換模組24係包含複數個直流/直流轉換電路，其中複數個直流/直流轉換電路之個數係對應於開關元件之個數，例如第5圖所示，對應於四組開關元件23a-23d，直流/直流轉換模組24包含四組直流/直流轉換電路24a、24b、24c、24d，複數個直流/直流轉換電路24a-24d係分別與對應之複數個開關元件23a-23d電性連接，亦即直流/直流轉換電路24a係與開關元件23a電性連接，直流/直流轉換電路24b係與開關元件23b電性連接，直流/直流轉換電路24c係與開關元件23c電性連接，直流/直流轉換電路24d係與開關元件23d電性連接，複數個直流/直流轉換電路24a、24b、24c或24d分別用以當對應之開關元件23a、23b、23c或23d導通時，經由導通之開關元件23a、23b、23c或23d而接收複數個電池單元21a-21d中與導通之開關元件相對應且到達電壓設定值之電池單元所儲存之電能，並進行轉換，使直流/直流轉換模組24可輸出第二充電電流I2。 Please refer to Fig. 5 and Fig. 4, wherein Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the detailed circuit structure of the charging system shown in Fig. 4. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, in some implementations, the DC/DC conversion module 24 includes a plurality of DC/DC conversion circuits, wherein the number of the plurality of DC/DC conversion circuits corresponds to the number of switching elements. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the DC/DC conversion module 24 includes four sets of DC/DC conversion circuits 24a, 24b, 24c, and 24d, and a plurality of DC/DC conversion circuits 24a corresponding to the four sets of switching elements 23a-23d. The 24d system is electrically connected to the corresponding plurality of switching elements 23a-23d, that is, the DC/DC conversion circuit 24a is electrically connected to the switching element 23a, and the DC/DC conversion circuit 24b is electrically connected to the switching element 23b, DC. The DC/DC conversion circuit 24c is electrically connected to the switching element 23c, the DC/DC conversion circuit 24d is electrically connected to the switching element 23d, and the plurality of DC/DC conversion circuits 24a, 24b, 24c or 24d are respectively used for the corresponding switches. When the element 23a, 23b, 23c or 23d is turned on, the battery unit corresponding to the turned-on switching element and reaching the voltage setting value among the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d is received via the turned-on switching element 23a, 23b, 23c or 23d. The stored electrical energy is converted and the DC/DC conversion module 24 can output a second charging current I2.
於其它實施例中，平衡充電模組25亦包含電流調節裝置251、電源供應裝置252及控制器253。電源供應裝置252係用以輸出電能。電流調節裝置251係與電源供應裝置252及電池組21電性連接，用以接收電源供應裝置252所輸出之電能，並將所接收之該電能轉換而輸出第一充電電流I1至電池組21，以對電池組21之複數個 電池單元21a-21d充電。控制器253係與電流調節裝置251、偵測裝置22及開關模組23之複數個開開元件23a-23d電性連接，用以控制電流調節裝置251之運作，以調整第一充電電流I1的電流值，且控制器253依據偵測裝置22的偵測結果控制複數個開關元件23a-23d分別進行導通或截止之切換。此外，控制器253更於第一充電電流I1之電流值大於設定電流值且偵測裝置22偵測到複數個電池單元21a-21d之中任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值時，降低第一充電電流I1之電流值，且控制複數個開關元件23a-23d中與到達電壓設定值之電池單元相對應之開關元件導通。 In other embodiments, the balanced charging module 25 also includes a current regulating device 251, a power supply device 252, and a controller 253. The power supply device 252 is for outputting electrical energy. The current regulating device 251 is electrically connected to the power supply device 252 and the battery pack 21 for receiving the power output by the power supply device 252, and converting the received electrical energy to output the first charging current I1 to the battery pack 21, In a plurality of pairs of battery packs 21 The battery cells 21a-21d are charged. The controller 253 is electrically connected to the plurality of opening components 23a-23d of the current regulating device 251, the detecting device 22 and the switch module 23 for controlling the operation of the current regulating device 251 to adjust the first charging current I1. The current value, and the controller 253 controls the switching of the plurality of switching elements 23a-23d to be turned on or off according to the detection result of the detecting device 22. In addition, the controller 253 further reduces when the current value of the first charging current I1 is greater than the set current value and the detecting device 22 detects that the voltage value of any one of the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d reaches the voltage setting value. The current value of the first charging current I1, and controls the switching elements of the plurality of switching elements 23a-23d corresponding to the battery cells that reach the voltage setting value to be turned on.
於上述實施例中，第一充電電流I1係可為1A，電壓設定值係可為4.2v，設定電流值係可為200mA，但皆不以此為限。此外，當第一充電電流I1之電流值大於設定電流值且偵測裝置22偵測到複數個電池單元21a-21d之中任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值時，控制器253係以一預定降低電流量降低第一充電電流I1之電流值，其中該預定降低電流量可為200mA，但不以此為限。 In the above embodiment, the first charging current I1 can be 1A, the voltage setting value can be 4.2v, and the set current value can be 200mA, but not limited thereto. In addition, when the current value of the first charging current I1 is greater than the set current value and the detecting device 22 detects that the voltage value of any one of the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d reaches the voltage setting value, the controller 253 A predetermined reduced current amount reduces the current value of the first charging current I1, wherein the predetermined reduced current amount may be 200 mA, but is not limited thereto.
以下將進一步說明本案第5圖所示之充電系統2之運作方式，為了可清楚了解本案第5圖之技術，將以電池組21之電池單元21a係為充電速率，亦即電壓上升速率相較於其它電池單元21b-21d為快來舉例說明。當充電系統2開始運作而對電池組21之複數個電池單元21a-21d進行充電時，電源供應裝置252所輸出之電能將由電流調節裝置251轉換成第一充電電流I1，並供應至複數個電池單元21a-21d，以對複數個電池單元21a-21d進行充電。由於電池單元21a的效能參數不同於其它電池單元21b-21d而具有較快的電壓 上升速率，因此在充電過程中，電池單元21a將先到達電壓設定值4.2v，此時偵測裝置22便偵測到電池單元21a到達電壓設定值4.2v，且由於第一充電電流I1之電流值為1A大於設定電流值200mA，故使得控制器253在第一充電電流I1之電流值大於設定電流值而電池單元21a到達電壓設定值4.2v的情況下，依據偵測裝置22之偵測結果先控制電流調節裝置251以預定降低電流量而降低第一充電電流I1之電流值，亦即將第一充電電流I1之電流值1A以200mA之預定降低電流量進行下降，使第一充電電流I1之電流值變成800mA，同時控制器253亦控制對應於電池單元21a之開關元件23a導通，因此電池單元21a儲存之電能便經由開關元件23a而提供至直流/直流轉換電路24a，而直流/直流轉換電路24a則將電池單元21a儲存之電能轉換，使直流/直流轉換模組24輸出第二充電電流I2至電池組21，此時電池組21改經由第一充電電流I1及第二充電電流I2進行充電，而由於第二充電電流I2實際上僅單由電池單元21a所釋放之電能進行轉換，電池單元21b-21d並無釋放所儲存之電能，因此在電池單元21a及電池單元21b-21d接收第一充電電流I1及第二充電電流I2的充電過程中，電池單元21b-21d的電壓值將逐漸等於電池單元21a之電壓值，進而使電池單元21a與複數個電池單元21b、21c、21d達到電壓平衡。當偵測裝置22偵測到複數個電池單元21a-21d達到電壓平衡時，控制器253係依偵測裝置22的偵測結果控制開關元件23a截止，使直流/直流轉換模組24停止輸出第二充電電流I2，控制器253更將為800mA之第一充電電流I1之電流值與設定電流值200mA比較，若第一充電電流I1之電流值大於設定電流值，則利用調整後之第一充電電流I1，即800mA之電流值對複數個電池單元21a-21d繼續充電，若第一充 電電流I1之電流值未大於設定電流值，則代表複數個電池單元21a-21d完成充電，故充電系統2便停止運作，以停止對電池組21之複數個電池單元21a-21d進行充電。 In the following, the operation mode of the charging system 2 shown in Fig. 5 of the present invention will be further explained. In order to clearly understand the technique of Fig. 5 of the present invention, the battery unit 21a of the battery pack 21 is charged at a charging rate, that is, a voltage rising rate. The other battery units 21b-21d are shown as an example. When the charging system 2 starts to operate and charges a plurality of battery cells 21a-21d of the battery pack 21, the power outputted by the power supply device 252 is converted into a first charging current I1 by the current regulating device 251, and supplied to a plurality of batteries. Units 21a-21d are used to charge a plurality of battery cells 21a-21d. Since the performance parameter of the battery unit 21a is different from the other battery units 21b-21d, it has a faster voltage. The rate of rise, so during the charging process, the battery unit 21a will first reach the voltage setting value 4.2v, at which time the detecting device 22 detects that the battery unit 21a reaches the voltage setting value 4.2v, and the current due to the first charging current I1 The value 1A is greater than the set current value of 200 mA, so that the controller 253 determines the detection result according to the detecting device 22 when the current value of the first charging current I1 is greater than the set current value and the battery unit 21a reaches the voltage setting value 4.2v. First, the current regulating device 251 is controlled to reduce the current value of the first charging current I1 by a predetermined amount of current reduction, that is, the current value 1A of the first charging current I1 is decreased by a predetermined decreasing current amount of 200 mA, so that the first charging current I1 is The current value becomes 800 mA, and the controller 253 also controls the switching element 23a corresponding to the battery unit 21a to be turned on, so that the electric energy stored in the battery unit 21a is supplied to the DC/DC conversion circuit 24a via the switching element 23a, and the DC/DC conversion circuit 24a converts the electrical energy stored in the battery unit 21a, so that the DC/DC conversion module 24 outputs the second charging current I2 to the battery pack 21, at which time the battery pack 21 is changed. The charging is performed by the first charging current I1 and the second charging current I2, and since the second charging current I2 is actually converted only by the electric energy released by the battery unit 21a, the battery units 21b-21d do not release the stored electric energy. Therefore, during the charging process in which the battery unit 21a and the battery unit 21b-21d receive the first charging current I1 and the second charging current I2, the voltage values of the battery units 21b-21d will gradually become equal to the voltage value of the battery unit 21a, thereby causing the battery unit to 21a and a plurality of battery cells 21b, 21c, 21d are voltage balanced. When the detecting device 22 detects that the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d reach the voltage balance, the controller 253 controls the switching component 23a to be turned off according to the detection result of the detecting device 22, so that the DC/DC converting module 24 stops outputting. The second charging current I2, the controller 253 further compares the current value of the first charging current I1 of 800 mA with the set current value of 200 mA. If the current value of the first charging current I1 is greater than the set current value, the first charging after the adjustment is utilized. The current I1, that is, the current value of 800 mA continues to charge the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d, if the first charge When the current value of the electric current I1 is not greater than the set current value, the charging is stopped by the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d, so that the charging of the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d of the battery pack 21 is stopped.
由上可知，由於此時800mA之第一充電電流I1之電流值係大於設定電流值200mA，因此將利用800mA之第一充電電流I1對複數個電池單元21a-21d繼續充電，而在複數個電池單元21a-21d於充電過程中，當電池單元21a之電壓值又到達電壓設定值4.2v時，控制器253便再次控制電流調節裝置251以200mA之預定降低電流量而降低第一充電電流I1之電流值，使第一充電電流I1之電流值變成600mA，同時控制器253亦控制開關元件23a再次導通，電池單元21a儲存之電能便經由開關元件23a而供應至直流/直流轉換電路24a，且由直流/直流轉換電路24a將電池單元21a進行轉換，使直流/直流轉換模組24輸出第二充電電流I2至電池組21，此時電池組21再次經由第一充電電流I1及第二充電電流I2進行充電，電池單元21a與複數個電池單元21b、21c、21d亦將再次達到電壓平衡。當偵測裝置22偵測到複數個電池單元21a-21d達到電壓平衡時，控制器253係依偵測裝置22的偵測結果控制開關元件23a截止，使直流/直流轉換模組14停止輸出第二充電電流I2，控制器253更將為600mA之第一充電電流I1之電流值與設定電流值200mA比較，若第一充電電流I1之電流值仍大於設定電流值，則繼續利用調整後之第一充電電流I1，即600mA之電流值對複數個電池單元21a-21d繼續充電，並再次重複循環上述之運作方式，直到當第一充電電流I1未大於200mA之設定電流值時，代表複數個電池單元21a-21d已完成充電，故充電系統2便停止運作，以停止對電池 組21之複數個電池單元21a-21d進行充電。 As can be seen from the above, since the current value of the first charging current I1 of 800 mA is greater than the set current value of 200 mA, the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d will continue to be charged with the first charging current I1 of 800 mA, and in the plurality of batteries. During the charging process, when the voltage value of the battery unit 21a reaches the voltage setting value 4.2v again, the controller 253 controls the current adjusting device 251 to lower the first charging current I1 by a predetermined amount of current reduction of 200 mA. The current value causes the current value of the first charging current I1 to become 600 mA, and the controller 253 also controls the switching element 23a to be turned on again, and the stored energy of the battery unit 21a is supplied to the DC/DC converting circuit 24a via the switching element 23a, and The DC/DC conversion circuit 24a converts the battery unit 21a, and causes the DC/DC conversion module 24 to output the second charging current I2 to the battery pack 21. At this time, the battery pack 21 passes the first charging current I1 and the second charging current I2 again. When charging is performed, the battery unit 21a and the plurality of battery units 21b, 21c, and 21d will again reach voltage balance. When the detecting device 22 detects that the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d reach the voltage balance, the controller 253 controls the switching component 23a to be turned off according to the detection result of the detecting device 22, so that the DC/DC converting module 14 stops outputting. The second charging current I2, the controller 253 further compares the current value of the first charging current I1 of 600 mA with the set current value of 200 mA. If the current value of the first charging current I1 is still greater than the set current value, the adjustment is continued. A charging current I1, that is, a current value of 600 mA, continues to charge the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d, and repeats the above operation mode again until the first charging current I1 is not greater than the set current value of 200 mA, representing a plurality of batteries The units 21a-21d have completed charging, so the charging system 2 stops operating to stop the battery A plurality of battery cells 21a-21d of group 21 are charged.
請參閱第6圖並配合第5圖，第6圖係為應用於第5圖所示之充電系統的充電方法之一較佳實施例的運作流程圖。如第5、6圖所示，首先，執行步驟S30，亦即藉由平衡充電模組25提供第一充電電流I1至複數個電池單元21a-21d，以對複數個電池單元21a-21d進行充電。其中於步驟S30中，平衡充電模組25之內部運作方式為，電流調節裝置251將電源供應裝置252所提供之電能轉換為第一充電電流I1，並輸出至複數個電池單元21a-21d，以對複數個電池單元21a-21d進行充電。 Please refer to FIG. 6 and FIG. 5, which is a flow chart showing the operation of a preferred embodiment of the charging method applied to the charging system shown in FIG. 5. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, first, step S30 is performed, that is, the first charging current I1 is supplied to the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d by the balancing charging module 25 to charge the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d. . In the step S30, the internal operation mode of the balanced charging module 25 is: the current adjusting device 251 converts the electric energy provided by the power supply device 252 into the first charging current I1, and outputs the same to the plurality of battery units 21a-21d to A plurality of battery cells 21a-21d are charged.
接著，執行步驟S31，亦即在第一充電電流I1大於設定電流值的條件下藉由偵測裝置22偵測複數個電池單元21a-21d中是否有任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值。當步驟S31中偵測裝置22偵測到沒有任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值時，係再次執行步驟S31，反之，當偵測裝置22偵測複數個電池單元21a-21d中有任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值時，則執行步驟S32，亦即控制器253控制電流調節裝置251降低第一充電電流I1，並控制與到達該電壓設定值之電池單元相對應之開關元件導通。 Then, step S31 is performed, that is, when the first charging current I1 is greater than the set current value, the detecting device 22 detects whether any of the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d reaches the voltage setting value. . When the detecting device 22 detects that the voltage value of any of the battery cells reaches the voltage setting value in step S31, step S31 is performed again. Otherwise, when the detecting device 22 detects a plurality of battery cells 21a-21d When the voltage value of a battery unit reaches the voltage setting value, step S32 is performed, that is, the controller 253 controls the current adjusting device 251 to lower the first charging current I1, and controls the switching element corresponding to the battery unit that reaches the voltage setting value. Turn on.
再來執行步驟S33，直流/直流轉換模組24係經由導通之開關元件接收到達電壓設定值之電池單元所儲存之電能，並轉換為第二充電電流I2而輸出至複數個電池單元21a-21d，使複數個電池單元21a-21d經由第一充電電流I1及第二充電電流I2而充電，藉此達到電壓平衡。於步驟S33中，當複數個電池單元21a-21d達到電壓平衡時，平衡充電模組25更控制原本導通之開關元件截止。之後，執行步驟S34，平衡充電模組25之控制器253係判斷第一充電電 流I1是否大於設定電流值。而於步驟S34中，若判斷為是時，則再次執行步驟S31，反之，當判別結果為否時，則執行步驟S35，結束該充電方法。於步驟S35中，複數個電池單元21a-21d已完成充電，故結束充電方法，以停止對電池組21之複數個電池單元21a-21d進行充電。 Then, in step S33, the DC/DC conversion module 24 receives the stored energy of the battery unit that reaches the voltage set value via the turned-on switching element, and converts it into the second charging current I2 and outputs it to the plurality of battery units 21a-21d. The plurality of battery cells 21a-21d are charged via the first charging current I1 and the second charging current I2, thereby achieving voltage balance. In step S33, when the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d reach the voltage balance, the balance charging module 25 further controls the switching element that is originally turned on to be turned off. After that, in step S34, the controller 253 of the balance charging module 25 determines the first charging power. Whether the stream I1 is greater than the set current value. On the other hand, if the determination in step S34 is YES, step S31 is executed again. Otherwise, if the determination result is negative, step S35 is executed to end the charging method. In step S35, the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d have been charged, so the charging method is terminated to stop charging the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d of the battery pack 21.
當然，控制器253並不侷限於如上所述當偵測裝置22偵測到複數個電池單元21a-21d中有任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值時，根據偵測裝置22之偵測結果而控制與到達電壓設定值之電池單元相對應之開關元件導通，於一些實施例中，控制器253亦可改為當偵測裝置22偵測到複數個電池單元21a-21d中有任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值時，更根據偵測裝置22偵測複數個電池單元21a-21d電壓值的偵測結果而控制複數個電池單元21a-21d中大於一電壓平均值之所有電池單元所對應之所有開關元件導通，其中電壓平均值係為複數個電池單元21a-21d之電壓平均值。更甚者，對應於上述控制器253具有不同的運作方式，本案亦存在不同於第6圖所示之充電方法之另一充電方法，請參閱第7圖並配合第5圖，第7圖係為應用於第5圖所示之充電系統的充電方法之另一較佳實施例的運作流程圖。如第5、7圖所示，首先，執行步驟S40，亦即藉由平衡充電模組25提供第一充電電流I1至複數個電池單元21a-21d，以對複數個電池單元21a-21d進行充電。其中於步驟S40中，平衡充電模組25之內部運作方式為，電流調節裝置251將電源供應裝置252所提供之電能轉換為第一充電電流I1，並輸出至複數個電池單元21a-21d，以對複數個電池單元21a-21d進行充電。 Of course, the controller 253 is not limited to the detection by the detecting device 22 when the detecting device 22 detects that the voltage value of any one of the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d reaches the voltage setting value. As a result, the switching element corresponding to the battery unit that reaches the voltage set value is controlled to be turned on. In some embodiments, the controller 253 can also be changed to when the detecting device 22 detects any of the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d. When the voltage value of the battery unit reaches the voltage setting value, all the batteries of the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d that are greater than a voltage average value are controlled according to the detection result of the detecting device 22 detecting the voltage values of the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d. All of the switching elements corresponding to the cells are turned on, wherein the voltage average is the voltage average of the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d. Moreover, corresponding to the above-mentioned controller 253 has different operation modes, and there is another charging method different from the charging method shown in FIG. 6 in this case, please refer to FIG. 7 and cooperate with FIG. 5 and FIG. A flowchart of the operation of another preferred embodiment of the charging method applied to the charging system shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, first, step S40 is performed, that is, the first charging current I1 is supplied to the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d by the balancing charging module 25 to charge the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d. . In the step S40, the internal operation mode of the balanced charging module 25 is: the current adjusting device 251 converts the electric energy provided by the power supply device 252 into the first charging current I1, and outputs the same to the plurality of battery units 21a-21d to A plurality of battery cells 21a-21d are charged.
接著，執行步驟S41，亦即在第一充電電流I1大於設定電流值的條件下藉由偵測裝置22偵測複數個電池單元21a-21d中是否有任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值。當步驟S41中偵測裝置22偵測到沒有任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值時，則再次執行步驟S41，反之，當偵測裝置22偵測複數個電池單元21a-21d中有任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值時，則執行步驟S42，亦即控制器253控制電流調節裝置251降低第一充電電流I1，控制器253更根據偵測裝置22偵測複數個電池單元21a-21d之電壓值的偵測結果而控制複數個電池單元21a-21d中大於電壓平均值之所有電池單元所對應之所有開關元件導通，其中電壓平均值係為複數個電池單元21a-21d之電壓平均值。於步驟S42中，當例如電池單元21a到達電壓設定值時，此時若例如電池單元21a、21b之電壓值大於複數個電池單元21a-21d之平均電壓值，控制器253係控制與電池單元21a及21b相對應之開關元件23a及23b導通。 Then, step S41 is performed, that is, when the first charging current I1 is greater than the set current value, the detecting device 22 detects whether any of the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d reaches the voltage setting value. . When the detecting device 22 detects that the voltage value of any of the battery cells reaches the voltage setting value in step S41, step S41 is performed again. Otherwise, when the detecting device 22 detects the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d When the voltage value of the battery unit reaches the voltage setting value, step S42 is performed, that is, the controller 253 controls the current adjusting device 251 to lower the first charging current I1, and the controller 253 detects the plurality of battery units 21a according to the detecting device 22. Controlling the voltage value of -21d to control all of the switching elements corresponding to all of the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d that are greater than the voltage average, wherein the voltage average is the voltage of the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d average value. In step S42, when, for example, the battery unit 21a reaches the voltage set value, if the voltage value of the battery unit 21a, 21b is greater than the average voltage value of the plurality of battery units 21a-21d, the controller 253 controls the battery unit 21a. The switching elements 23a and 23b corresponding to 21b are turned on.
再來執行步驟S43，直流/直流轉換模組24係經由所有導通之開關元件接收相對應之電池單元之電能，並轉換為第二充電電流I2而輸出至複數個電池單元21a-21d，使複數個電池單元21a-21d經由第一充電電流I1及第二充電電流I2而充電，藉此達到電壓平衡。於步驟S43中，當例如開關元件23a及23b因對應之電池單元21a、21b的電壓值大於電壓平均值而導通時，直流/直流轉換模組24便經由導通之開關元件23a及23b而接收電池單元21a及21b所儲存之電能，並轉換為第二充電電流I2而輸出至複數個電池單元21a-21d，使複數個電池單元21a-21d經由第一充電電流I1及第二充電電流I2而充電，藉此達到電壓平衡。此外，於步驟S43中， 當複數個電池單元21a-21d達到電壓平衡時，平衡充電模組25更控制原本導通之開關元件截止。之後，執行步驟S44，平衡充電模組25之控制器253係判斷第一充電電流I1是否大於設定電流值。而於步驟S44中，若判斷為是時，則再次執行步驟S41，反之，當判別結果為否時，則執行步驟S45，結束該充電方法。於步驟S45中，複數個電池單元21a-21d已完成充電，故結束充電方法，以停止對電池組21之複數個電池單元11a-11d進行充電。 Then, in step S43, the DC/DC conversion module 24 receives the electric energy of the corresponding battery unit through all the turned-on switching elements, and converts it into the second charging current I2 and outputs it to the plurality of battery units 21a-21d to make the plural The battery cells 21a-21d are charged via the first charging current I1 and the second charging current I2, thereby achieving voltage balance. In step S43, when the switching elements 23a and 23b are turned on because the voltage values of the corresponding battery cells 21a, 21b are greater than the voltage average value, the DC/DC conversion module 24 receives the battery via the turned-on switching elements 23a and 23b. The electric energy stored in the cells 21a and 21b is converted into a second charging current I2 and output to the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d, so that the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d are charged via the first charging current I1 and the second charging current I2. In order to achieve voltage balance. In addition, in step S43, When a plurality of battery cells 21a-21d reach voltage balance, the balance charging module 25 further controls the switching element that is originally turned on to be turned off. Thereafter, in step S44, the controller 253 of the balance charging module 25 determines whether the first charging current I1 is greater than the set current value. On the other hand, if the determination in step S44 is YES, step S41 is executed again. Otherwise, if the determination result is negative, step S45 is executed to end the charging method. In step S45, the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d have been charged, so the charging method is terminated to stop charging the plurality of battery cells 11a-11d of the battery pack 21.
於上述實施例中，當充電系統2進行充電運作時，由於每一電池單元21a-21d之電壓上升速率可能接近但並不相同，因此當複數個電池單元21a-21d之中任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值時，例如電池單元21a到達電壓設定值時，電池單元21b之電壓值亦可能接近電壓設定值，故於上述實施例中係利用複數個電池單元21a-21d之電壓平均值而將複數個電池單元21a-21d分為大於電壓平均值及未大於電壓平均值的兩群，使大於複數個電池單元21a-21d之電壓平均值之所有電池單元可將儲存的電能經由直流/直流轉換模組24轉換為第二充電電流I2，使複數個電池單元21a-21d改經由第一充電電流I1及第二充電電流I2而達成電壓平衡。 In the above embodiment, when the charging system 2 performs the charging operation, since the voltage rising rate of each of the battery cells 21a-21d may be close to but not the same, any one of the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d is When the voltage value reaches the voltage set value, for example, when the battery unit 21a reaches the voltage set value, the voltage value of the battery unit 21b may also be close to the voltage set value, so in the above embodiment, the voltage average of the plurality of battery units 21a-21d is utilized. And the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d are divided into two groups larger than the voltage average value and not larger than the voltage average value, so that all the battery cells larger than the voltage average value of the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d can store the stored electric energy via the direct current/ The DC conversion module 24 is converted into the second charging current I2, so that the plurality of battery cells 21a-21d are changed to achieve voltage balance via the first charging current I1 and the second charging current I2.
綜上所述，本案係提供一種充電方法及其適用之充電系統，其係於電池組之複數個電池單元接收第一充電電流而進行充電過程中，若有任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值時，先降低第一充電電流之電流值，藉此使到達電壓設定值之電池單元之電壓值在充電過程中藉由本身電池內之阻抗而下降，如此一來，不但可避免本案之複數個電池單元在充電過程中產生過電壓的情況，且由 於第一充電電流於任一電池單元到達電壓設定值時仍可持續對複數個電池單元進行充電而無須中斷，故大幅降低電池組之充電時間，進而提升充電效率。此外，本案之充電系統更可於電池組之複數個電池單元接收第一充電電流而進行充電過程中，若有任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值時，先降低第一充電電流之電流值，且控制與達到電壓設定值之電池單元相對應之開關元件導通，使直流/直流轉換模組經由導通之開關元件接收達到電壓設定值之電池單元之電能並轉換為第二充電電流，亦或是有任一電池單元之電壓值到達電壓設定值時，先降低第一充電電流之電流值，且控制與大於電壓平均值之所有電池單元相對應之所有開關元件導通，使直流/直流轉換模組經由導通之開關元件接收相對應之電池單元之電能並轉換為第二充電電流，使複數個電池單元改由同時接收第一充電電流以及第二充電電流來進行充電，藉此使複數個電池單元在充電過程中無須暫停充電即可達到電壓平衡之效果，如此一來，不但可避免電池單元在充電過程中因產生過電壓之問題而嚴重受損，更可使複數個電池單元在充電過程中即達成電壓平衡，而無須在複數個電池單元有電壓不平衡的情況下暫停充電，故大幅降低電池組之充電時間而提升充電效率。是以本案之充電方法及其適用之充電系統極具產業之價值，爰依法提出申請。 In summary, the present invention provides a charging method and a charging system therefor, in which a plurality of battery cells of a battery pack receive a first charging current for charging, and if any of the battery cells reaches a voltage value When the value is set, the current value of the first charging current is first decreased, so that the voltage value of the battery unit that reaches the voltage setting value is lowered by the impedance in the battery itself during the charging process, so that the case can be avoided. a plurality of battery cells generate an overvoltage during charging, and When the first charging current reaches the voltage setting value of any of the battery cells, the plurality of battery cells can be continuously charged without interruption, so that the charging time of the battery pack is greatly reduced, thereby improving the charging efficiency. In addition, the charging system of the present invention can further reduce the current of the first charging current when the voltage value of any of the battery cells reaches the voltage setting value during the charging process when the plurality of battery cells of the battery pack receive the first charging current. a value, and controlling a switching element corresponding to the battery unit that reaches the voltage setting value to be turned on, so that the DC/DC conversion module receives the power of the battery unit that reaches the voltage setting value through the turned-on switching element and converts it into the second charging current, Or when the voltage value of any of the battery cells reaches the voltage setting value, first reduce the current value of the first charging current, and control all switching elements corresponding to all the battery cells that are greater than the voltage average value to be turned on, so that the DC/DC conversion The module receives the electric energy of the corresponding battery unit via the turned-on switching element and converts it into a second charging current, so that the plurality of battery units are charged by simultaneously receiving the first charging current and the second charging current, thereby making the plurality of battery units The battery unit can achieve voltage balance without having to suspend charging during charging, thus, However, the battery unit can be seriously damaged due to the problem of overvoltage generated during the charging process, and the battery cells can be balanced in the charging process without having to balance the voltages of the plurality of battery cells. The charging is suspended, so the charging time of the battery pack is greatly reduced and the charging efficiency is improved. The charging method of this case and its applicable charging system are of great industrial value, and applications are made according to law.
本案得由熟習此技術之人士任施匠思而為諸般修飾，然皆不脫如附申請專利範圍所欲保護者。 This case has been modified by people who are familiar with the technology, but it is not intended to be protected by the scope of the patent application.
S10-S14‧‧‧充電方法之運作流程 S10-S14‧‧‧Charging method
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