TWI515705B - Lamination material, display element and manufacturing method of display element - Google Patents
Lamination material, display element and manufacturing method of display element Download PDFInfo
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- TWI515705B TWI515705B TW101147387A TW101147387A TWI515705B TW I515705 B TWI515705 B TW I515705B TW 101147387 A TW101147387 A TW 101147387A TW 101147387 A TW101147387 A TW 101147387A TW I515705 B TWI515705 B TW I515705B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/20—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by their carriers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
- G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3083—Birefringent or phase retarding elements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2203/00—Applications of adhesives in processes or use of adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J2203/318—Applications of adhesives in processes or use of adhesives in the form of films or foils for the production of liquid crystal displays
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2301/00—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J2301/20—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the structural features of the adhesive itself
- C09J2301/204—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the structural features of the adhesive itself the adhesive coating being discontinuous
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
- G02F2202/28—Adhesive materials or arrangements
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
- Polarising Elements (AREA)
- Adhesive Tapes (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
Description
本發明係關於將光學薄膜貼合於夾持有例如液晶層或有機EL層等之具有光學效果的物質之光學元件之貼合材料，顯示元件及顯示元件的製造方法。 The present invention relates to a bonding material, a display element, and a method of producing a display element, in which an optical film is bonded to an optical element in which an optically effective substance such as a liquid crystal layer or an organic EL layer is sandwiched.
夾持具有光學效果的物質之顯示元件，為人所知者例如有液晶顯示元件、EL元件、微膠囊元件、電子粉流體元件、電濕潤元件、電泳元件等。 Display elements for holding optically active substances are known, for example, liquid crystal display elements, EL elements, microcapsule elements, electronic powder fluid elements, electrowetting elements, electrophoretic elements, and the like.
此般顯示元件係於一對玻璃基板間夾持具有光學效果的物質，並以保護或提高光學效果為目的，一般係在該外側貼合保護薄膜或偏光板、相位差膜、導光板、擴散板等之光學薄膜。貼合此等光學薄膜之貼合材料係使用黏著材料或接著材料(以下稱為「黏著、接著材料」)，並以於光學薄膜與基板之間不隔有空氣層之方式，而接著顯示區域全面(專利文獻1)。 The display element is such that a material having an optical effect is sandwiched between a pair of glass substrates, and for the purpose of protecting or improving the optical effect, the protective film or the polarizing plate, the retardation film, the light guide plate, and the diffusion are generally attached to the outer side. An optical film such as a board. The bonding material to which the optical films are bonded is an adhesive material or a bonding material (hereinafter referred to as "adhesion, bonding material"), and the optical film and the substrate are not separated by an air layer, and then the display region is displayed. Comprehensive (Patent Document 1).
於顯示元件的製造步驟中，當雜質混入於基板與光學薄膜之界面、或產生光學薄膜的貼附位置不良之情形時、或是光學薄膜本身具有異常時，係進行光學薄 膜的重加工作業。於該重加工作業中將光學薄膜剝離時，由於應力經由在光學薄膜全面上形成之黏著層而施加於基板，而導致基板大幅變形。此外，此時顯示元件內部的構造亦產生變形，而導致顯示不均。因此，作為該對策，專利文獻2係揭示一種在液晶顯示面板中，藉由使偏光板接著於基板之接著層的接著強度不會超過1000g/20mm之範圍，以抑制顯示不均之構成。 In the manufacturing step of the display element, when impurities are mixed in the interface between the substrate and the optical film, or when the attachment position of the optical film is poor, or when the optical film itself has an abnormality, the optical thin film is performed. Reprocessing of the film. When the optical film is peeled off in the rework operation, the stress is applied to the substrate via the adhesive layer formed on the entire optical film, and the substrate is largely deformed. Further, at this time, the configuration inside the display element is also deformed, resulting in uneven display. For this reason, Patent Document 2 discloses a configuration in which the adhesion strength of the subsequent layer of the polarizing plate to the substrate does not exceed 1000 g/20 mm in the liquid crystal display panel to suppress display unevenness.
此外，專利文獻3係揭示一種為防止因將偏光板貼合於液晶顯示面板之黏著層等的內部所產生之氣泡而導致顯示品質降低，而藉由框形狀的接著性構件來貼合液晶顯示面板與偏光板之構成。 Further, Patent Document 3 discloses that the display quality is lowered in order to prevent the bubbles generated by bonding the polarizing plate to the inside of the adhesive layer or the like of the liquid crystal display panel, and the liquid crystal display is bonded by the frame-shaped adhesive member. The composition of the panel and the polarizing plate.
此外，專利文獻4係揭示一種從光學顯示面板之顯示面的法線方向來看，將接著光學薄膜之接著層配置在較構成光學顯示面板之透明基板更外側，並且在光學薄膜與光學顯示面板的顯示區域之間配置流動物質，而為無氣體層之構成。 Further, Patent Document 4 discloses that, in view of the normal direction of the display surface of the optical display panel, the adhesive layer following the optical film is disposed outside the transparent substrate constituting the optical display panel, and the optical film and the optical display panel are disposed. The flow area is disposed between the display areas and is composed of a gas-free layer.
另一方面，近年來對於行動電話、PDA、公共顯示器的薄型化、輕量化及堅固化之要求乃逐漸增強。因此，係嘗試採用輕薄堅固的塑膠基板來取代玻璃基板，在TN(Twisted Nematic：扭轉向列)型或STN(Super Twisted Nematic：超扭轉向列)型的液晶顯示元件中，已有一部分達到實用化。再者，對於此等顯示元件亦逐漸要求撓曲彎曲性，在如以往般使用黏著、接著材料等來一致地固定基板與光學薄膜之構造中，伴隨著顯示元件全體的變形所產 生之彈性率變得過大，而產生不易變形，或是由於變形而導致基板剝離或浮起之問題。 On the other hand, in recent years, the requirements for thinning, lightweighting, and sturdiness of mobile phones, PDAs, and public displays have gradually increased. Therefore, it is attempted to replace the glass substrate with a thin and sturdy plastic substrate. In the TN (Twisted Nematic) or STN (Super Twisted Nematic) liquid crystal display elements, some have been put into practical use. Chemical. In addition, in the structure in which the substrate and the optical film are uniformly fixed by adhesion or the like, the display element is gradually required to be deformed by the entire display element. The elastic modulus of the raw material becomes too large to cause a problem that the substrate is not easily deformed or the substrate is peeled off or floated due to deformation.
專利文獻1：日本特開平10-186133號公報 Patent Document 1: Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. Hei 10-186133
專利文獻2：日本特開平11-119212號公報 Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 11-119212
專利文獻3：日本實開昭60-54121號公報 Patent Document 3: Japanese Open Publication No. 60-54121
專利文獻4：日本特開2009-192838號公報 Patent Document 4: Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2009-192838
本發明所欲解決之課題，在於提供一種可增大相對於顯示元件的變形之撓曲性，不會產生伴隨著變形所造成之顯示元件的破壞，例如夾持液晶層或有機EL層等之具有光學效果的物質之一對基板不會剝離或浮起之貼合材料，顯示元件及顯示元件的製造方法。同時提供一種亦有利於顯示元件的窄邊框化之貼合材料，顯示元件及顯示元件的製造方法。 An object of the present invention is to provide a flexibility that can increase the deformation with respect to a display element without causing damage to the display element caused by deformation, such as clamping a liquid crystal layer or an organic EL layer. A bonding material which is one of an optically effective substance that does not peel off or float on a substrate, a display element, and a method of manufacturing the display element. At the same time, a bonding material, a display element and a method of manufacturing the display element which are also advantageous for the narrow frame of the display element are provided.
為了解決前述課題並達成目的，本發明係構成如下。 In order to solve the above problems and achieve the object, the present invention is constituted as follows.
係縮小將偏光板等的光學薄膜貼合於顯示器之黏著、接著材料之固定區域的面積，或是減少固定點的數目，同時將提高密著性之材料填滿於非固定區域以防 止空氣層的侵入。例如在設為非固定區域之黏著、接著材料的區域中，於被黏著體與黏著、接著材料之間***黏性率及/或彈性率小之適當的低黏彈性材料，藉此降低接著力並且保持密著性以防止因界面反射所造成之顯示特性的惡化。藉由縮小黏著、接著材料之固定區域的面積，可降低例如將彎折般的變形施於顯示器時之阻力。 To reduce the area where the optical film such as a polarizing plate is adhered to the display, the area of the fixed area of the material, or the number of fixed points is reduced, and the material with improved adhesion is filled in the non-fixed area to prevent Intrusion of the air layer. For example, in a region where the non-fixed region is adhered to the adhesive material, an appropriate low-viscosity material having a small adhesiveness and/or an elastic modulus is inserted between the adherend and the adhesive and the adhesive material, thereby reducing the adhesion force. And the adhesion is maintained to prevent deterioration of display characteristics due to interface reflection. By reducing the area of the adhesive and the fixed area of the material, the resistance, for example, when bending-like deformation is applied to the display can be reduced.
申請專利範圍第1項所述之發明為一種貼合材料，其係將積層於光學元件之光學薄膜固定在該顯示區域內之貼合材料，其特徵為具有呈現黏著性或接著性之區域以及呈現密著性之區域。 The invention described in claim 1 is a bonding material which is a bonding material in which an optical film laminated on an optical element is fixed in the display region, and is characterized in that it has an adhesive or adhesive region and An area of intimacy.
申請專利範圍第2項所述之發明係如申請專利範圍第1項所述之貼合材料，其中前述呈現黏著性或接著性之區域與前述呈現密著性之區域的分布為海島構造。 The invention according to claim 2, wherein the region in which the adhesion or the adhesion is present and the region in which the adhesion is present is an island structure.
申請專利範圍第3項所述之發明係如申請專利範圍第1項所述之貼合材料，其中前述呈現黏著性或接著性之區域與前述呈現密著性之區域的分布均為連續構造。 The invention of claim 3, wherein the adhesion-prone or adhesion-producing region and the distribution of the adhesion-prone region are continuous structures.
申請專利範圍第4項所述之發明係如申請專利範圍第1項所述之貼合材料，其構造係：前述呈現黏著性或接著性之區域係沿著前述顯示區域的形狀而為外周部，前述呈現密著性之區域為前述外周部的內側部。 The invention of claim 4 is the bonding material according to claim 1, wherein the region in which the adhesion or the adhesion is present is a peripheral portion along the shape of the display region. The region where the adhesion is present is the inner portion of the outer peripheral portion.
申請專利範圍第5項所述之發明係如申請專利範圍第1項所述之貼合材料，其構造係：前述呈現黏 著性或接著性之區域係沿著前述顯示區域的形狀而為外周部且呈點狀，前述呈現密著性之區域從前述點之間存在於前述外周部的內側部。 The invention described in claim 5 is the bonding material according to claim 1, wherein the structure is: The region of the nature or the adhesion is an outer peripheral portion and has a dot shape along the shape of the display region, and the region exhibiting the adhesion is present between the aforementioned points on the inner side portion of the outer peripheral portion.
申請專利範圍第6項所述之發明為一種顯示元件，其特徵為使用如申請專利範圍第1至5項中任一項所述之貼合材料，將在一對基板間夾持具有光學效果的物質之光學元件、以及欲積層於前述光學元件之光學薄膜予以固定並積層。 The invention described in claim 6 is a display element characterized by using the bonding material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which has an optical effect between a pair of substrates. The optical element of the substance and the optical film to be laminated on the optical element are fixed and laminated.
申請專利範圍第7項所述之發明為一種顯示元件的製造方法，其特徵為使用如申請專利範圍第1至5項中任一項所述之貼合材料，將在一對基板間夾持具有光學效果的物質之光學元件、以及欲積層於前述光學元件之光學薄膜予以固定並積層，而製造出顯示元件。 The invention of claim 7 is a method of manufacturing a display element, which is characterized in that the bonding material according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is used to sandwich between a pair of substrates. The optical element of the optically active substance and the optical film to be laminated on the optical element are fixed and laminated to produce a display element.
藉由前述構成，本發明係具有以下效果。 According to the above configuration, the present invention has the following effects.
如申請專利範圍第1至7項中任一項所述之發明中，藉由使用貼合材料可降低使光學元件變形時之阻力，而能夠提升顯示器的收納或攜帶等之使用容易度。此意味著伴隨著變形而於光學元件的基板上所產生之應力小，所以不易在光學元件的基板間產生剝離，而能夠提高顯示元件的力學耐久性。同樣的，亦可降低由因材料的不同使光學元件的基板及光學薄膜間之與熱膨脹或吸濕膨脹相關的係數不同等所造成之此等材料中所產生的複折射。 In the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the resistance at the time of deforming the optical element can be reduced by using the bonding material, and the ease of use such as storage or carrying of the display can be improved. This means that the stress generated on the substrate of the optical element due to the deformation is small, so that it is difficult to cause peeling between the substrates of the optical element, and the mechanical durability of the display element can be improved. Similarly, the birefringence generated in such materials caused by the difference in coefficient of thermal expansion or hygroscopic expansion between the substrate and the optical film of the optical element due to the difference in materials can be reduced.
1‧‧‧呈現黏著性或接著性之區域 1‧‧‧ Areas of adhesion or adhesion
2‧‧‧呈現密著性之區域 2‧‧‧ Areas of intimacy
3‧‧‧光學元件 3‧‧‧Optical components
3a‧‧‧一對基板 3a‧‧‧A pair of substrates
3b‧‧‧具有光學效果的物質 3b‧‧‧Materials with optical effects
4‧‧‧光學薄膜 4‧‧‧Optical film
10‧‧‧貼合材料 10‧‧‧Fitting materials
20‧‧‧顯示元件 20‧‧‧ display elements
第1圖(a)至(c)為顯示元件之剖面圖。 Fig. 1 (a) to (c) are cross-sectional views of the display element.
第2圖係顯示貼合材料之第1至第2實施形態之圖。 Fig. 2 is a view showing the first to second embodiments of the bonding material.
第3圖係顯示貼合材料之第1至第2實施形態之圖。 Fig. 3 is a view showing the first to second embodiments of the bonding material.
第4圖係顯示貼合材料之第1至第2實施形態之圖。 Fig. 4 is a view showing the first to second embodiments of the bonding material.
第5圖係顯示貼合材料之第1至第2實施形態之圖。 Fig. 5 is a view showing the first to second embodiments of the bonding material.
第6圖係顯示貼合材料之第1至第2實施形態之圖。 Fig. 6 is a view showing the first to second embodiments of the bonding material.
第7圖係顯示貼合材料之第1至第3實施形態之圖。 Fig. 7 is a view showing the first to third embodiments of the bonding material.
第8圖係顯示貼合材料之第1至第4實施形態之圖。 Fig. 8 is a view showing the first to fourth embodiments of the bonding material.
第9圖係顯示貼合材料之第1至第5實施形態之圖。 Fig. 9 is a view showing the first to fifth embodiments of the bonding material.
第10圖(a)至(d)係顯示附有黏著材料之偏光板之製造的實施例之圖。 Fig. 10 (a) to (d) are views showing an embodiment of the manufacture of a polarizing plate with an adhesive material.
以下係說明本發明之貼合材料，顯示元件及顯示元件的製造方法之實施形態。本發明之實施形態係顯示發明的最佳形態，但本發明並不限定於此。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the bonding material, the display element, and the method of manufacturing the display element of the present invention will be described. The embodiment of the present invention shows the best mode of the invention, but the invention is not limited thereto.
可將偏光板等之某種光學薄膜貼合於光學元件而得顯示元件。使此般顯示元件變形時，除了光學元件本身的變形應力之外，亦產生因積層光學薄膜所導致之束縛力，由於該效果使顯示元件難以變形。該束縛力是由光學薄膜的變形應力所造成，由於將光學薄膜固定在光學元件，使光學薄膜受到與基板相同之變形而產生應力。顯示元件變形時從中立面至光學薄膜為止之距離係由於固定而變大，因而產生較大應力。若縮小固定區域，則可縮小 因應該量之變形量及發生應力，且若進一步分散固定區域，則可將固定區域中的變形分散為固定區域間的變形，而使發生應力最小化。可藉由顯示元件的彎曲彈性率來評估顯示元件的撓曲性，彈性率愈小則撓曲性愈大。當以顯示元件之顯示部分的面積為100時，在固定區域的面積小於50之顯示元件中顯示元件的彎曲彈性率小，與通常貼合條件之固定區域的面積為100者相比，彎曲彈性率約為1/2，固定區域的面積與顯示元件的彎曲彈性率具有平緩的正比關係。然而，在固定區域的面積大於50之顯示元件中，彎曲彈性率隨著固定區域之面積的增大而急遽增大，而接近通常貼合條件之固定區域的面積為100時之彎曲彈性率。 A display element can be obtained by bonding an optical film such as a polarizing plate to an optical element. When such a display element is deformed, in addition to the deformation stress of the optical element itself, a binding force due to the laminated optical film is generated, and the display element is hardly deformed by this effect. This binding force is caused by the deformation stress of the optical film. Since the optical film is fixed to the optical element, the optical film is subjected to the same deformation as the substrate to generate stress. When the display element is deformed, the distance from the neutral surface to the optical film is increased due to the fixation, and thus a large stress is generated. If you reduce the fixed area, you can zoom out The amount of deformation and the occurrence of stress, and if the fixed region is further dispersed, the deformation in the fixed region can be dispersed into the deformation between the fixed regions, and the occurrence of stress can be minimized. The flexibility of the display element can be evaluated by the flexural modulus of the display element, and the smaller the modulus of elasticity, the greater the flexibility. When the area of the display portion of the display element is 100, the bending elastic modulus of the display element is small in the display element having the area of the fixed area of less than 50, and the bending elasticity is compared with the area of the fixed area of the usual bonding condition of 100. The rate is about 1/2, and the area of the fixed area has a gradual proportional relationship with the flexural modulus of the display element. However, in the display element having a fixed area of more than 50, the bending elastic modulus sharply increases as the area of the fixed area increases, and the bending elastic modulus when the area of the fixed area close to the usual fitting condition is 100.
光學薄膜相對於光學元件之位置精度為重要。尤其為了得到光學效果，光學薄膜之光軸的方位係要求高精度。因此，本發明中係以縮小固定區域的面積作為發明要件，但也需具有保持光學薄膜的位置精度之最低限度之固定區域的面積。因此，容易進行顯示元件的變形且可保持光學薄膜的位置精度之貼合材料之固定區域的面積，亦即從第2圖至第9圖所示之呈現黏著性或接著性之區域的面積，當以顯示區域的面積為100時，較佳為1.0至70.0，更佳為3.0至40.0，最佳為5.0至30.0。若以呈現密著性之區域的面積比表示，當以顯示區域的面積為100時，較佳為30至99，更佳為60至97，最佳為70至95。 The positional accuracy of the optical film relative to the optical element is important. In particular, in order to obtain an optical effect, the orientation of the optical axis of the optical film requires high precision. Therefore, in the present invention, the area of the fixed region is narrowed down as an essential requirement, but it is also necessary to have an area of a fixed region that maintains the minimum positional accuracy of the optical film. Therefore, the area of the fixing region of the bonding material which is easy to deform the display element and maintains the positional accuracy of the optical film, that is, the area of the region exhibiting adhesiveness or adhesion as shown in FIGS. 2 to 9 is When the area of the display area is 100, it is preferably 1.0 to 70.0, more preferably 3.0 to 40.0, most preferably 5.0 to 30.0. When the area ratio of the display region is 100, it is preferably from 30 to 99, more preferably from 60 to 97, most preferably from 70 to 95.
非固定區域，係如先前技術般可在光學元 件的基板與光學薄膜之間設置空氣層，但由於此容許光學薄膜與空氣之界面、以及空氣與基板之界面的2種界面反射，所以有顯示元件的亮度降低之問題。因此，本發明中為了提高非固定區域中光學薄膜與基板之密著性並排除空氣層，係將具有與光學薄膜及基板的折射率接近之折射率之低黏彈性材料，***於基板與光學薄膜之間。 Non-fixed area, as in the prior art, in the optical element An air layer is provided between the substrate and the optical film. However, since the interface between the optical film and the air and the interface between the air and the substrate are allowed to reflect, there is a problem that the brightness of the display element is lowered. Therefore, in the present invention, in order to improve the adhesion between the optical film and the substrate in the non-fixed region and to exclude the air layer, a low-viscosity material having a refractive index close to that of the optical film and the substrate is inserted into the substrate and the optical Between the films.
先前技術中係提出在光學薄膜與顯示元件的顯示區域之間配置流動物質，並主張對於重加工作業的改善具有效果。此外，該提案中係構成為以包圍顯示元件的外側之方式配置黏著、接著材料，且非顯示部以邊框狀包圍光學元件的外側之構造。此般邊框狀的非顯示部不僅違反近年來對於寬廣顯示部之設計偏好，且因黏著、接著材料位於邊框的位置，所以無法對應於本發明課題之容易進行顯示元件的變形之目的。亦即，先前技術的構造中，由於間接地固定光學薄膜與顯示元件之間，所以於變形下無法正確地保持兩者的方位，此外因顯示元件的變形使流動物質於元件中容易移動而不均勻地累積，使光學薄膜產生鬆弛而有導致光學特性的惡化之疑慮。本發明中，由於在顯示部上設置透明的黏著、接著材料，所以可縮小邊框的面積，正確地保持光學薄膜與顯示部之方位，並且可抑制具有密著性之材料的移動，而將光學特性的惡化抑制在最低限度。 In the prior art, it has been proposed to arrange a flow substance between the optical film and the display area of the display element, and it is claimed to have an effect on the improvement of the rework operation. Further, in this proposal, the adhesive and the material are disposed so as to surround the outer side of the display element, and the non-display portion surrounds the outer side of the optical element in a frame shape. Such a frame-shaped non-display portion not only violates the design preference for a wide display portion in recent years, but also has a position in which the adhesive and the material are located at the frame, so that it is not easy to perform deformation of the display element in accordance with the subject of the present invention. That is, in the prior art configuration, since the optical film and the display element are indirectly fixed between each other, the orientation of the two cannot be correctly maintained under deformation, and the flow material is easily moved in the element due to deformation of the display element. Accumulating uniformly causes the optical film to be slack and has a concern that the optical characteristics are deteriorated. In the present invention, since the transparent adhesive and the bonding material are provided on the display portion, the area of the frame can be reduced, the orientation of the optical film and the display portion can be accurately maintained, and the movement of the adhesive material can be suppressed, and the optical The deterioration of characteristics is suppressed to a minimum.
接下來根據第1圖來說明本實施形態之貼合材料。第1圖為顯示元件之剖面圖。 Next, the bonding material of this embodiment will be described based on Fig. 1 . Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the display element.
本發明中，所謂黏著性是指如高黏性之液體或膠體狀固體的表面般藉由黏性力固定在被黏著體之性質，接著性是指作為固體或黏彈性體而固定在被黏著體之性質。本說明書中所謂黏著、接著材料一般是指呈現黏著性或接著性之材料。此外，所謂呈現黏著性或接著性之區域是指帶有此性質之區域，並藉由黏著、接著材料所形成。夾持於被黏著體間之黏著、接著材料的接著強度較佳為200g/20mm以上，更佳為1000g/20mm以上。 In the present invention, the term "adhesiveness" refers to the property of being fixed to the adherend by a viscous force such as a surface of a highly viscous liquid or a colloidal solid, and the adhesive property is fixed to be adhered as a solid or a viscoelastic body. The nature of the body. The term "adhesive" or "adhesive material" as used in this specification generally refers to a material that exhibits adhesion or adhesion. In addition, the area where adhesion or adhesion is present refers to an area having this property, and is formed by adhesion and subsequent materials. The adhesive strength between the adherends and the adhesive material is preferably 200 g/20 mm or more, more preferably 1000 g/20 mm or more.
本發明所記載之密著性是指保有基板與光學薄膜之間或是光學薄膜之間的接觸之性質，與黏著性或接著性不同，該固定能力極小。呈現密著性之低黏彈性材料，是指例如黏性率及/或彈性率較黏著材料或硬化後的接著材料更小之液體或黏彈性體。本發明中呈現密著性之材料，較佳係當黏性率及/或彈性率愈小則使顯示元件變形時所產生之應力愈小者。然而，當黏性率及/或彈性率過小，或是缺乏與黏著、接著材料之親和性時，呈現密著性之材料可能會從顯示元件的外側漏出，所以存在有最適黏性率及親和性之範圍。 The adhesiveness described in the present invention refers to the property of maintaining contact between the substrate and the optical film or between the optical films, and the adhesion is extremely small unlike adhesion or adhesion. A low-viscosity material exhibiting adhesiveness means, for example, a liquid or viscoelastic body having a viscosity ratio and/or an elastic modulus smaller than that of the adhesive material or the cured adhesive material. The material exhibiting adhesiveness in the present invention is preferably such that the smaller the viscosity ratio and/or the elastic modulus, the smaller the stress generated when the display element is deformed. However, when the viscosity ratio and/or the modulus of elasticity are too small, or the affinity with the adhesion and the subsequent material is lacking, the material exhibiting adhesion may leak from the outside of the display element, so there is an optimum viscosity ratio and affinity. The scope of sex.
黏性率較佳為0.01至5000Pa．s，更佳為0.01至1000Pa．s。此外，楊氏模數較佳為100至0.001kPa，更佳為10至0.001kPa。當使用黏著、接著材料上所設置之呈現密著性之材料的接觸角作為親和性的尺度時，較佳的親 和性係該接觸角較佳為0至90°，更佳為0至60°，最佳為0至30°。 The viscosity is preferably from 0.01 to 5000 Pa. s, more preferably 0.01 to 1000 Pa. s. Further, the Young's modulus is preferably from 100 to 0.001 kPa, more preferably from 10 to 0.001 kPa. Preferred parent when using the contact angle of the adhesive that is adhered to the material provided on the material as a measure of affinity The contact angle is preferably from 0 to 90, more preferably from 0 to 60, most preferably from 0 to 30.
本實施形態之貼合材料10為將積層於光學元件3之光學薄膜4固定在該顯示區域內之材料，可使用貼合材料10將光學元件3以及積層於光學元件3之光學薄膜4予以固定並積層，而製造出顯示元件20。 The bonding material 10 of the present embodiment is a material for fixing the optical film 4 laminated on the optical element 3 in the display region, and the optical element 3 and the optical film 4 laminated on the optical element 3 can be fixed by using the bonding material 10. The display element 20 is fabricated by laminating.
光學元件3係在一對基板3a、3a間夾持具有光學效果的物質3b，貼合材料10具有呈現黏著性或接著性之區域1、以及呈現密著性之區域2。該呈現黏著性或接著性之區域1及呈現密著性之區域2可構成如第2圖至第9圖所示者。此外，如第1圖所示，呈現密著性之區域2可接觸於光學薄膜4(第1圖(a))或是接觸於光學元件3(第1圖(b))，或是可同時接觸於光學薄膜4與光學元件3(第1圖(c))。此等構成可因應光學薄膜4與光學元件3之位置精度、以及貼合兩者後顯示元件20的力學耐久性及撓曲性而選擇。第1圖(c)的構造為撓曲性最高之柔軟構造，然後為第1圖(a)、第1圖(b)之順序。位置精度及耐久性最高的構造為第1圖(b)，然後為第1圖(a)、第1圖(c)之順序。此外，第1圖(b)及第1圖(c)的構造係可構成將貼合材料附加於光學薄膜4之形式的製品，所以容易進行處理。 The optical element 3 sandwiches the optically active substance 3b between the pair of substrates 3a and 3a, and the bonding material 10 has a region 1 in which adhesion or adhesion is exhibited, and a region 2 in which adhesion is exhibited. The region 1 in which adhesion or adhesion is exhibited and the region 2 in which adhesion is exhibited may constitute the ones as shown in Figs. 2 to 9 . Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the region 2 in which the adhesion is present may be in contact with the optical film 4 (Fig. 1 (a)) or contact with the optical element 3 (Fig. 1 (b)), or may be simultaneously It is in contact with the optical film 4 and the optical element 3 (Fig. 1 (c)). These configurations are selected in response to the positional accuracy of the optical film 4 and the optical element 3, and the mechanical durability and flexibility of the display element 20 after bonding. The structure of Fig. 1(c) is the soft structure having the highest flexibility, and is then in the order of Fig. 1(a) and Fig. 1(b). The structure with the highest positional accuracy and durability is the first figure (b), and then the order of the first figure (a) and the first figure (c). Further, the structures of Figs. 1(b) and 1(c) can constitute a product in which a bonding material is added to the optical film 4, so that it is easy to handle.
第2圖的第1實施形態中，呈現黏著性或接著性之區域1與呈現密著性之區域2的分布為海島構造。在此所謂的「海」(第2圖的區域2)是指採取連續構造之區域，「島」(第2圖的區域1)是指由連續構造所包圍之獨立 區域。該構造如第3圖所示，亦可為以呈現黏著性或接著性之區域作為「海」、以呈現密著性之區域作為「島」之反轉構造。其他，亦可構成為「島」為點狀之第4圖的構造，「島」為平行於顯示元件的邊之矩形之第5圖的構造，以及矩形狀的「島」相對於顯示元件的邊呈傾斜之第6圖的構造。任一者均為可將呈現黏著性或接著性之區域以及呈現密著性之區域反轉之構造。 In the first embodiment of Fig. 2, the distribution of the region 1 in which the adhesion or the adhesion is exhibited and the region 2 in which the adhesion is exhibited is an island structure. The term "sea" (region 2 in Fig. 2) refers to a region in which continuous structure is adopted, and "island" (region 1 in Fig. 2) refers to independence surrounded by continuous structures. region. As shown in FIG. 3, the structure may be an inverted structure in which an area exhibiting adhesiveness or adhesion is referred to as "sea" and an area exhibiting adhesion is referred to as "island". In addition, the structure of the fourth figure in which the "island" is a dot shape, the "island" is a structure of a fifth figure parallel to the side of the display element, and the rectangular "island" with respect to the display element. The structure of the sixth figure is inclined. Either one is a structure in which an area exhibiting adhesion or adhesion and an area exhibiting adhesion are reversed.
第7圖的第2實施形態中，呈現黏著性或接著性之區域1與呈現密著性之區域2的分布均為連續構造。第8圖的第3實施形態中，呈現黏著性或接著性之區域1為沿著顯示區域的形狀之外周部，呈現密著性之區域2為外周部的內側部之構造。第9圖的第4實施形態中，呈現黏著性或接著性之區域1為沿著顯示區域的形狀在外周部上呈點狀，呈現密著性之區域2為從點之間存在於外周部的內側部之構造。 In the second embodiment of Fig. 7, the distribution of the region 1 in which adhesion or adhesion is exhibited and the region 2 in which adhesion is exhibited are continuous structures. In the third embodiment of the eighth embodiment, the region 1 in which the adhesion or the adhesion is present is a structure in which the region 2 along the outer periphery of the outer peripheral portion is formed in the outer peripheral portion of the shape of the display region. In the fourth embodiment of the ninth embodiment, the region 1 in which adhesion or adhesion is present is formed in a dot shape along the outer peripheral portion along the shape of the display region, and the region 2 in which the adhesion is present is present in the outer peripheral portion from the point. The structure of the inner side.
呈現黏著性或接著性之區域1與呈現密著性之區域2的形成方法，例如可將呈現密著性但黏著性或接著性小之低黏彈性材料，形成於呈現黏著性或接著性之材料上而構成。此時呈現密著性之區域2的黏著力必須極小，但使用於底層之黏著、接著材料之黏著力的影響隨時間經過而增大，而有使區域2的黏著力增大之傾向。此係推測為呈現密著性之材料逐漸滲透於黏著、接著材料中，使黏著、接著材料出現在表面上而使黏著性的影響增大。為了使呈現密著性之區域2的黏著力為不會隨時間改變之 特性，係使呈現密著性之非固定區域的形式不具有一致的擴散而呈分散之形態，如此可減少變化，所以第2圖至第7圖的構造較第8圖或第9圖更佳。 A method of forming an adhesive layer or an adhesive region 1 and a region 2 exhibiting adhesion, for example, a low-viscosity material exhibiting adhesion but having little adhesion or adhesion can be formed to exhibit adhesiveness or adhesion. Made up of materials. The adhesion of the region 2 in which the adhesion is present must be extremely small, but the adhesion to the underlayer and the influence of the adhesion of the material increase with time, and the adhesion of the region 2 tends to increase. It is presumed that the material exhibiting adhesion gradually penetrates into the adhesive and then in the material, so that the adhesion and the subsequent appearance of the material on the surface increase the influence of the adhesion. In order to make the adhesion of the region 2 exhibiting adhesion not change over time The characteristic is that the form of the non-fixed region exhibiting adhesion does not have uniform diffusion and is dispersed, so that the variation can be reduced, so the structure of FIGS. 2 to 7 is better than that of FIG. 8 or FIG. .
亦即，以呈現黏著性或接著性之固定區域將呈現密著性之非固定區域分隔之構造，對黏著力的變化之影響較小故為較佳。非固定區域的黏著力雖有隨時間經過而增大之傾向，但較固定區域的黏著力或接著力小，在非固定區域未達某種程度的大面積下，不會呈現出與固定區域抗衡之大的黏著力。因此，於以固定區域分隔非固定區域之構造中，為非固定區域的面積被分割地較小之狀態，推測該分割區域之每個區域的黏著力小，故即使黏著力產生變化該影響亦小。 That is, a structure in which a non-fixed region in which adhesion is present is provided in a region where adhesion or adhesion is present, and the influence on the change in adhesion is small, which is preferable. Although the adhesion of the non-fixed area tends to increase with time, the adhesion or adhesion of the fixed area is small, and the non-fixed area does not reach a certain large area, and does not present and fix the area. The great adhesion. Therefore, in the structure in which the non-fixed region is separated by the fixed region, the area of the non-fixed region is divided into a small state, and it is presumed that the adhesion of each region of the divided region is small, so even if the adhesive force changes, the influence is also affected. small.
當呈現黏著性或接著性之固定區域為由接著材料所構成時，位於基板與光學薄膜之間之貼合材料的接著材料部分係藉由光或熱而硬化並成為黏彈性體，所以不易產生上述般之隨時間的改變。 When the adhesive region exhibiting adhesiveness or adhesion is composed of the adhesive material, the adhesive material portion of the bonding material between the substrate and the optical film is hardened by light or heat and becomes a viscoelastic body, so that it is not easily produced. The above changes over time.
亦可應用上述呈現密著性之區域的黏著力隨時間經過而增大之效果。例如在欲使顯示元件為變形之狀態下固定並使用等情況中，在設定為任意變形之狀態時將平面狀的顯示元件可撓曲地變形，並且在設定後逐漸增大黏著力而變形之狀態下，使顯示元件上的光學薄膜等不易剝離而能夠增加耐久性。 It is also possible to apply the effect that the adhesion of the above-mentioned area exhibiting adhesion is increased over time. For example, in the case where the display element is to be fixed and used in a state where the display element is deformed, the planar display element is flexibly deformed when set to an arbitrary deformation state, and the adhesive force is gradually increased and deformed after setting. In the state, the optical film or the like on the display element is less likely to be peeled off, and durability can be increased.
相對於區域2的黏著力隨時間經過而增大之現象，密著性材料的黏性率亦具有影響，黏性率大的材 料具有可保持初期的黏著力之傾向。此認為密著性材料的黏性率對於密著性材料滲透至黏著、接著材料之速度具有較大影響，而黏性率大則不易滲透。該臨限值因材料而不同，例如在使用丙烯酸系材料作為黏著、接著材料，使用聚矽氧烷油作為密著性材料之系統中為0.1Pa．S。亦即，若為0.1Pa．S以上則密著性材料不易滲透至黏著、接著材料，呈現密著性之區域的黏著力不會有實質上的改變。 The adhesion force with respect to the region 2 increases with time, the viscosity of the adhesive material also has an influence, and the material with a high viscosity ratio The material has a tendency to maintain the initial adhesion. It is considered that the viscosity of the adhesive material has a large influence on the penetration of the adhesive material to the adhesive, and then the speed of the material, and the viscosity is not easy to penetrate. The threshold varies depending on the material, for example, 0.1 Pa in a system using an acrylic material as an adhesive, a bonding material, and a polyoxyalkylene oil as an adhesive material. S. That is, if it is 0.1Pa. Above S, the adhesive material does not easily penetrate into the adhesive, and the adhesive material does not substantially change in the adhesive region.
列舉出黏著、接著材料的較佳例子，黏著劑有丙烯酸系、橡膠系、聚酯系、聚矽氧烷系、胺甲酸乙酯系等，特佳為使用丙烯酸系。 Preferable examples of the adhesive and the adhesive material include acrylic, rubber, polyester, polyoxyalkylene, and urethane, and particularly preferably acrylic.
丙烯酸系黏著劑，係可將一般所知的添加劑，添加於使1種或2種以上的丙烯酸烷酯單體、與丙烯酸等的丙烯酸系單體或具有丙烯酸系以外的官能基之單體共聚合之高分子而成。此般共聚物，係賦予黏著劑適度的潤濕性及柔軟性，且玻璃轉移溫度為負10℃以下。此外，聚合方法係有溶液聚合法、乳化聚合法、總體聚合法或懸浮聚合法等，可因應需要使用各種聚合催化劑。此外，丙烯酸系黏著劑可為熱交聯型或是藉由紫外線或電子束等之光交聯型。 The acrylic adhesive can be added to one or two or more kinds of alkyl acrylate monomers, acrylic monomers such as acrylic acid, or monomers having functional groups other than acrylic acid. Polymerized polymer. Such a copolymer imparts moderate wettability and flexibility to the adhesive, and the glass transition temperature is minus 10 ° C or lower. Further, the polymerization method may be a solution polymerization method, an emulsion polymerization method, an overall polymerization method or a suspension polymerization method, and various polymerization catalysts may be used as needed. Further, the acrylic adhesive may be a thermally crosslinked type or a photocrosslinking type by ultraviolet rays or electron beams.
接著劑，可使用膠、澱粉等之天然高分子系；乙酸纖維素等之半合成高分子系；聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚氯乙烯、環氧樹脂、胺甲酸乙酯樹脂、聚氯丁二烯、丙烯腈-丁二烯共聚物(NBR)、三聚氰胺樹脂、丙烯酸樹脂、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、聚酯、聚醯胺等之合成高分子系 者。此等可用作為常溫硬化性、加熱硬化性或是紫外線、電子束或雷射照射硬化性等之各種硬化型的接著劑。 For the subsequent agent, a natural polymer such as gum or starch; a semi-synthetic polymer such as cellulose acetate; polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, epoxy resin, urethane resin, and polychloroprene may be used. , synthetic polymer system of acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer (NBR), melamine resin, acrylic resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyester, polyamine, etc. By. These can be used as various curing type adhesives such as room temperature curing property, heat curing property, ultraviolet light, electron beam or laser irradiation hardening property.
呈現密著性之材料必須具有相對於被黏著體之固定能力極小、可充分地潤濕被黏著體並保持接觸之性質，其他，若是溶解黏著、接著材料，或是侵入於已黏著或接著之區域而使黏著性或接著性消失則較不佳。此外，滲透於光學薄膜，或是因滲透而對偏光特性或相位特性等之光學特性造成影響亦不佳。雖依存於與黏著、接著材料之組合，但具體的材料較佳為聚矽氧烷油等之聚矽氧烷化合物、流動石蠟等之烴化合物、橄欖油等之油脂、1-辛醇等之高級醇、亞麻油酸等之高級脂肪酸、二質子酸酯(二酯)或多元醇酯等之有機酸酯化合物、磷酸酯、矽酸酯、其他如Barrierta IEL Fluid(NOK股份有限公司)般之全氟聚醚或氯三氟乙烯的低聚物等之常溫下為液體之材料。其他，從顯示元件洩露至外部的可能性低之材料，可使用上述黏著、接著材料中之黏性率或彈性率極小之材料，或是緩慢地使液狀橡膠交聯之低黏性率且低彈性率的二烯系、聚矽氧烷系、胺甲酸乙酯系、多硫化系的橡膠材料，彈性率小的彈性體等。 The material exhibiting adhesion must have a very small fixing ability with respect to the adherend, can sufficiently wet the adherend and maintain contact, and the other, if dissolved, adheres to the material, or invades the adhered or subsequent Areas that make adhesion or adhesion disappear are less preferred. Further, it is also inferior to the optical characteristics of the optical film or the optical characteristics such as the polarization characteristics or the phase characteristics due to the penetration. The specific material is preferably a polyoxyalkylene compound such as polyoxyalkylene oil, a hydrocarbon compound such as flowing paraffin, a fat or oil such as olive oil, or 1-octanol. Organic acid ester compounds such as higher alcohols, linoleic acid and the like, dibasic acid esters (diesters) or polyol esters, phosphate esters, phthalates, and others such as Barrierta IEL Fluid (NOK Co., Ltd.) A material which is a liquid at normal temperature, such as an oligomer of perfluoropolyether or chlorotrifluoroethylene. In other materials, materials having a low possibility of leaking from the display element to the outside may be used as the material having the lowest viscosity or the modulus of elasticity in the adhesive, or the low viscosity which slowly crosslinks the liquid rubber and A low-elasticity diene-based, polyoxyalkylene-based, urethane-based, polysulfide-based rubber material, and an elastomer having a small modulus of elasticity.
此外，形成於呈現黏著性或接著性之材料上之密著性材料的量較佳為0.1μg/mm2至200μg/mm2，更佳為1μg/mm2至200μg/mm2，最佳為3μg/mm2至100μg/mm2。過少時實質上無法形成呈現密著性之區域，過多時會從顯示元件洩露至外部，或是在製作貼合材料時或將光 學薄膜貼合於光學元件時，該低黏彈性材料擴散至呈現黏著性或接著性之區域而使固定區域的面積變小或消失，故為不佳。 Further, the amount of the adhesive material formed on the material exhibiting adhesiveness or adhesion is preferably from 0.1 μg/mm 2 to 200 μg/mm 2 , more preferably from 1 μg/mm 2 to 200 μg/mm 2 , most preferably 3 μg/mm 2 to 100 μg/mm 2 . When it is too small, it is substantially impossible to form a region in which adhesion is exhibited, and when it is too large, it may leak from the display element to the outside, or when the bonding material is produced or when the optical film is attached to the optical element, the low-viscosity elastic material is diffused to the presentation. Adhesive or adhesive areas make the area of the fixed area smaller or disappear, which is not preferable.
貼合材料的第1製作方法，係將黏著、接著材料與呈現密著性但不呈現黏著性或接著性之低黏彈性材料捏揉，並形成為例如第2圖至第4圖、以及第7圖所示之任意構造後，塗佈於脫模薄膜上，然後再以脫模薄膜疊合於該上方而形成貼合材料。 In the first production method of the bonding material, the adhesive and the bonding material are kneaded with a low-viscosity material which exhibits adhesion but does not exhibit adhesiveness or adhesion, and is formed, for example, in FIGS. 2 to 4 and After any configuration shown in Fig. 7, it is applied to the release film, and then the release film is laminated on the upper surface to form a bonding material.
貼合材料的第2製作方法，係藉由2片脫模薄膜將黏著、接著材料疊合後，剝離一方的脫模薄膜並貼合於光學薄膜。接下來剝離另一方的脫模薄膜，並以成為例如第2圖至第9圖所示之任意的分布形狀之方式，將呈現密著性但不呈現黏著性或接著性之低黏彈性材料印刷或以圖案塗佈於此，然後以脫模薄膜再次疊合，而在光學薄膜上得到貼合材料。 In the second production method of the bonding material, the adhesive film and the bonding material are laminated by two release films, and one release film is peeled off and bonded to the optical film. Next, the other release film is peeled off, and a low-viscosity material which exhibits adhesion but does not exhibit adhesiveness or adhesion is printed in such a manner as to be, for example, any of the distribution shapes shown in FIGS. 2 to 9. Alternatively, it is applied in a pattern, and then laminated again with a release film to obtain a bonding material on the optical film.
貼合材料的第3製作方法，係藉由2片脫模薄膜將黏著、接著材料疊合後，剝離一方的脫模薄膜並貼合於光學薄膜。接下來剝離另一方的脫模薄膜，以殘留例如第2圖至第9圖所示之形狀的黏著性或接著性區域之方式形成遮罩，並將呈現密著性但不呈現黏著性或接著性之低黏彈性材料噴霧、浸漬或塗佈於此後，將用作為遮罩之脫模薄膜剝離，然後以另外的脫模薄膜再次疊合，而在光學薄膜上得到貼合材料。 In the third production method of the bonding material, the adhesive film and the bonding material are laminated by two release films, and then one of the release films is peeled off and bonded to the optical film. Next, the other release film is peeled off, and a mask is formed in such a manner as to leave an adhesive or adhesive region such as the shape shown in FIGS. 2 to 9, and the adhesion is exhibited but the adhesiveness is not exhibited or After the low-viscosity material is sprayed, impregnated or coated, it is peeled off with a release film as a mask, and then laminated again with another release film to obtain a bonding material on the optical film.
貼合材料的第4製作方法，係藉由2片脫模薄膜將黏著、接著材料疊合後，剝離一方的脫模薄膜並貼合於光學元件的基板。接下來剝離另一方的脫模薄膜，並以成為例如第2圖至第9圖所示之任意的分布形狀之方式，將呈現密著性但不呈現黏著性或接著性之低黏彈性材料印刷或以圖案塗佈於此，然後以脫模薄膜再次疊合，而在基板上得到貼合材料。 In the fourth production method of the bonding material, the bonding film is adhered by two release films, and then one of the release films is peeled off and bonded to the substrate of the optical element. Next, the other release film is peeled off, and a low-viscosity material which exhibits adhesion but does not exhibit adhesiveness or adhesion is printed in such a manner as to be, for example, any of the distribution shapes shown in FIGS. 2 to 9. Or coating it here, and then laminating again with a release film to obtain a bonding material on the substrate.
貼合材料的第5製作方法，係藉由2片脫模薄膜將黏著、接著材料疊合後，剝離一方的脫模薄膜並貼合於基板。接下來剝離另一方的脫模薄膜，以殘留例如第2圖至第9圖所示之形狀的黏著性或接著性區域之方式形成遮罩，將呈現密著性但不呈現黏著性或接著性之低黏彈性材料噴霧、浸漬或塗佈於此後，將用作為遮罩之脫模薄膜剝離，然後以另外的脫模薄膜再次疊合，而在基板上得到貼合材料。 In the fifth production method of the bonding material, the bonding film is adhered by two release films, and then one of the release films is peeled off and bonded to the substrate. Next, the other release film is peeled off, and a mask is formed in such a manner as to leave an adhesive or adhesive region such as the shape shown in FIGS. 2 to 9, which will exhibit adhesion but no adhesion or adhesion. After the low viscoelastic material is sprayed, impregnated or coated, it is peeled off using a release film as a mask, and then laminated again with another release film to obtain a bonding material on the substrate.
貼合材料的第6製作方法，係以成為例如第2圖至第9圖所示之任意的分布形狀之方式，將呈現密著性但不呈現黏著性或接著性之低黏彈性材料印刷或以圖案塗佈於脫模薄膜上。使用該脫模薄膜來疊合黏著、接著材料，而得到貼合材料。 In the sixth production method of the bonding material, a low-viscosity material exhibiting adhesion but not exhibiting adhesiveness or adhesion is printed or formed in an arbitrary distribution shape as shown in, for example, FIGS. 2 to 9 It is applied to the release film in a pattern. The release film is used to laminate the adhesive and the material to obtain a bonding material.
貼合材料的第7製作方法，係將呈現密著性但不呈現黏著性或接著性之低黏彈性材料、以及任意形狀的黏著、接著材料，分別印刷或以圖案塗佈於脫模薄膜上。然後以另外的脫模薄膜再次疊合而得到貼合材料。若使用 此方法所得到之貼合材料，則可得到以低黏彈性材料與黏著、接著材料分別接觸於基板與光學薄膜兩者之形態所貼合之顯示元件。 The seventh production method of the bonding material is a low-viscosity material which exhibits adhesion but does not exhibit adhesiveness or adhesion, and an adhesive and an adhesive material of any shape, which are respectively printed or patterned on the release film. . Then, another release film was laminated again to obtain a bonding material. If used The bonding material obtained by the method can obtain a display element which is bonded to the substrate and the optical film by a low-viscosity elastic material and an adhesive and a subsequent material.
使用任一方法所得之貼合材料，將光學薄膜與光學元件貼合而得到本發明之顯示元件。 The optical film and the optical element are bonded together using the bonding material obtained by any method to obtain the display element of the present invention.
本實施形態之顯示元件20，係使用貼合材料10將在一對基板3a、3a間夾持具有光學效果的物質3b之光學元件3、以及積層於光學元件3之光學薄膜4予以固定並積層而製造。 In the display element 20 of the present embodiment, the optical element 3 in which the optically active substance 3b is sandwiched between the pair of substrates 3a and 3a, and the optical film 4 laminated on the optical element 3 are fixed and laminated by using the bonding material 10. And manufacturing.
光學元件的基板3a可使用聚醯亞胺或聚碸等之耐熱性佳之聚合物薄膜或經無機材料補強之聚合物薄膜，或是將聚合物薄膜貼合於玻璃而補強之複合基板等。於該基板上可設置由ITO等所構成之透明電極或連接端子。當然可為玻璃，亦可為薄化厚度或強化材質且能夠撓曲地彎曲之玻璃。 As the substrate 3a of the optical element, a polymer film excellent in heat resistance such as polyimide or polyfluorene, a polymer film reinforced with an inorganic material, or a composite substrate reinforced with a polymer film bonded to glass can be used. A transparent electrode or a connection terminal made of ITO or the like may be provided on the substrate. Of course, it can be glass, or it can be a thinned or reinforced material and can be flexibly bent.
具有光學效果的物質係使用藉由電力而動作者，以具有光學效果的物質之光學元件例如有液晶顯示元件、EL元件、微膠囊元件、電子粉流體元件、電濕潤元件、電泳元件等。使用此般光學元件之顯示元件，係有液晶顯示裝置、有機EL顯示裝置、電泳型顯示裝置等。液晶顯示裝置係具有省電、輕量、薄型等特徵，一般的液晶 顯示裝置，具代表性者為具有入射側的偏光板與射出側的偏光板之基板、以及藉由電力而動作之部位的液晶。與液晶顯示裝置相比，有機EL顯示裝置係具有許多如高速反應速度、廣視角、自發光元件特有的優異能見性、以及可驅動溫度範圍廣等之作為顯示器的有利特性。該有機EL顯示裝置係具有在基板上所形成之各像素內，從基板側積層有下部電極、藉由具有光學效果的物質而動作之部位的有機EL層、及上部電極之構成，並且讓來自藉由使電流流通於有機EL層而發光之有機EL的光，至少通過電極中之一方的電極(透光性導電膜)而能夠觀看。電泳型顯示裝置係應用電泳現象之顯示裝置之一，微膠囊型電泳方式已達實用化。該方式的顯示裝置係將帶有正、負電的白粒子與黑粒子裝入於充滿透明溶劑且藉由電力而動作之部位的微膠囊中，並藉由外部電壓的施加而分別將各個粒子拉起至顯示面以形成圖像。 The optically active substance is an optical element that is optically active, such as a liquid crystal display element, an EL element, a microcapsule element, an electronic powder fluid element, an electrowetting element, an electrophoresis element, or the like. A display element using such an optical element is a liquid crystal display device, an organic EL display device, an electrophoretic display device, or the like. The liquid crystal display device has the characteristics of power saving, light weight, thin shape, and the like, and general liquid crystal The display device is typically a substrate having a polarizing plate on the incident side and a polarizing plate on the emitting side, and a liquid crystal in a portion that is operated by electric power. Compared with a liquid crystal display device, an organic EL display device has many advantageous characteristics as a display such as a high-speed reaction speed, a wide viewing angle, excellent visibility unique to a self-luminous element, and a wide drive temperature range. The organic EL display device has a configuration in which a lower electrode, a portion of an organic EL layer that operates by an optically effective substance, and an upper electrode are stacked in each pixel formed on the substrate, and the organic EL display device is provided. The light of the organic EL that emits light by causing a current to flow through the organic EL layer can be viewed through at least one of the electrodes (translucent conductive film). The electrophoresis type display device is one of display devices using electrophoresis phenomenon, and the microcapsule type electrophoresis method has been put into practical use. In the display device of this aspect, positive and negatively charged white particles and black particles are placed in microcapsules filled with a transparent solvent and operated by electric power, and each particle is pulled by application of an external voltage. From the display surface to form an image.
光學薄膜4係以保護或提高光學效果為目的而使用，係保護薄膜或偏光板、相位差膜、導光板、擴散板等之薄膜。 The optical film 4 is used for the purpose of protecting or improving the optical effect, and is a film of a protective film, a polarizing plate, a retardation film, a light guide plate, a diffusion plate, or the like.
於含有由丙烯酸丁酯：丙烯酸=95：5(重量比)的共聚物所構成之重量平均分子量100萬的丙烯酸系聚合物之溶液(固體成分15%)中，以相對於該聚合物固體 成分100份而言添加Coronate L(Nippon Polyurethane Industry公司製)0.2份，而調製出黏著劑的溶液。以使乾燥時的該黏著劑厚度成為25μm之方式，將該黏著劑溶液塗佈於在厚度25μm的聚酯薄膜的單面上塗佈有熱硬化型聚矽氧烷樹脂系脫模劑之脫模薄膜(A)上並乾燥。然後將與脫模薄膜(A)與幾乎相同地製作但改變脫模性之其他脫模薄膜(B)予以疊合而得到黏著材料薄膜(C)。該黏著材料的黏著力相對於下述所使用之偏光板與基材而言為1100g/20mm。 In a solution (solid content 15%) of an acrylic polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 1,000,000 composed of a copolymer of butyl acrylate:acrylic acid = 95:5 (weight ratio), relative to the polymer solid To 100 parts of the component, 0.2 part of Coronate L (manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Industry Co., Ltd.) was added to prepare a solution of the adhesive. The adhesive solution was applied to one surface of a polyester film having a thickness of 25 μm and coated with a thermosetting polyoxyalkylene resin-based release agent so that the thickness of the adhesive at the time of drying became 25 μm. The mold film (A) was dried and dried. Then, another release film (B) which is produced almost identically to the release film (A) but which has a mold release property is laminated to obtain an adhesive material film (C). The adhesive force of the adhesive material was 1100 g/20 mm with respect to the polarizing plate and the substrate used below.
將上述製作出之黏著材料薄膜(C)裁切出80×60mm，將單方的脫模薄膜(B)剝離並貼合於厚度100μm的偏光薄膜，而得到附有黏著材料之偏光板(D1)(第10圖(a))。從偏光板(D1)將脫模薄膜(A)剝離，取而代之將以與脫模薄膜(A)相同方式所得到之脫模薄膜作為第10圖(b)所示之預先以既定的圖案形成開孔之脫模薄膜(E)，並以使該中央位置位於對於偏光板的中央位置之方式而貼合(第10圖(c))。 The adhesive material film (C) prepared above was cut into 80×60 mm, and the single release film (B) was peeled off and bonded to a polarizing film having a thickness of 100 μm to obtain a polarizing plate (D1) with an adhesive material. (Fig. 10(a)). The release film (A) is peeled off from the polarizing plate (D1), and the release film obtained in the same manner as the release film (A) is formed in advance as a predetermined pattern as shown in Fig. 10(b). The release film (E) of the hole is attached so that the center position is located at the center of the polarizing plate (Fig. 10(c)).
直接以第10圖(c)的積層構造，從脫模薄膜(E)的上方噴霧作為呈現密著性但不呈現黏著性或接著性之低黏彈性材料之聚矽氧烷(Shin-Etsu Silicone股份有限公司製，KF96-50CS，黏性率0.05Pa．s)，並塗佈設置既定量。然後將脫模薄膜(E)剝離，而得到於單側形成有由呈現黏著性或接著性之區域及呈現密著性之區域(聚矽氧烷附著之區域)所構成的貼合材料(F)之偏光板(G)(第10圖(d))。若從 附有貼合材料之偏光板(G)將脫模薄膜(E)剝離，在該面的周圍以6mm的間隔殘留20個6×5mm的黏著材料區域，以偏光板全體的面積為100時，呈現密著性之區域的面積所佔之比率(密著性材料區域的面積比)為87%，13%為呈現黏著性之區域。在此係將以聚矽氧烷的既定量為1μg/mm2時所得之附有貼合材料之偏光板設為G-F1，以5μg/mm2時所得者為G-F2，以7μg/mm2時所得者為G-F3。 Directly sprayed from the top of the release film (E) as a polyoxyalkylene (Shin-Etsu Silicone) which exhibits adhesion but does not exhibit adhesiveness or adhesion, directly under the laminated structure of Fig. 10(c). Co., Ltd., KF96-50CS, viscosity ratio 0.05Pa.s), and coating settings are both quantitative. Then, the release film (E) is peeled off, and a bonding material composed of a region exhibiting adhesiveness or adhesion and a region exhibiting adhesion (a region where polysiloxane is attached) is formed on one side (F). ) polarizing plate (G) (Fig. 10 (d)). When the release film (E) was peeled off from the polarizing plate (G) with the bonding material, 20 6 × 5 mm adhesive material regions were left at intervals of 6 mm around the surface, and the total area of the polarizing plate was 100. At the time, the ratio of the area of the area where the adhesion was observed (the area ratio of the area of the adhesive material) was 87%, and 13% was the area where the adhesion was exhibited. Here, the polarizing plate with the bonding material obtained by using the polypyroxane at a predetermined amount of 1 μg/mm 2 is set to G-F1, and the obtained G-F2 at 5 μg/mm 2 is 7 μg/ The winner at mm 2 is G-F3.
基板為使丙烯酸系單體含浸於玻璃織布並使其硬化之聚合物薄膜。藉由濺鍍法將由ITO等所構成之透明電極或連接端子圖案成膜於基板後，藉由光刻(photolithography)技術形成圖案而藉此形成。於透明電極的表面上，將聚醯亞胺配向膜藉由印刷法而預先形成皮膜並進行配向處理。然後將導電材料形成於基板。導電材料係以碳膏作為材料，並藉由分注器而形成於連接端子圖案與訊號線電極的電連接部。 The substrate is a polymer film in which an acrylic monomer is impregnated into a glass woven fabric and hardened. A transparent electrode or a connection terminal pattern made of ITO or the like is formed into a film by a sputtering method, and then patterned by photolithography. On the surface of the transparent electrode, the polyimide film was preliminarily formed into a film by a printing method and subjected to alignment treatment. A conductive material is then formed on the substrate. The conductive material is made of a carbon paste and is formed by an atomizer to be electrically connected to the connection terminal pattern and the signal line electrode.
然後於該基板上，將由紫外線硬化樹脂、或藉由併用紫外線及熱而硬化之樹脂、或是熱硬化樹脂，例如丙烯酸樹脂或環氧樹脂等所構成之將具有光學效果的物質予以密封之密封材料，使用分注器等之塗佈工具而形成為矩形框狀。 Then, on the substrate, a member which has an optical effect is sealed by a UV-curable resin, or a resin which is cured by ultraviolet rays and heat, or a thermosetting resin such as an acrylic resin or an epoxy resin. The material is formed into a rectangular frame shape using a coating tool such as a dispenser.
接著藉由滴入注入法將液晶材料供給至基板。亦即將液晶材料滴入於基板表面上所形成之矩形框狀的密封材料的內側。 The liquid crystal material is then supplied to the substrate by a drop injection method. That is, the liquid crystal material is dropped on the inner side of the rectangular frame-shaped sealing material formed on the surface of the substrate.
於另外的基板上，藉由光刻技術來形成彩色濾光片及間隔材或導電膜。然後在真空中將此基板重疊於滴入有液晶之基板上。若將重疊後的2片基板所構成之液晶面板取出至大氣壓中，則兩基板會藉由氣壓差而密著。 On a separate substrate, a color filter and a spacer or a conductive film are formed by photolithography. The substrate was then superposed on the substrate on which the liquid crystal was dropped in a vacuum. When the liquid crystal panel formed by the two stacked substrates is taken out to atmospheric pressure, the two substrates are adhered by a difference in air pressure.
然後藉由紫外線或加熱使密封材料硬化，而得液晶顯示器(顯示部的大小為80×60mm)。將實施例1中所得之於單側形成有貼合材料(F)之偏光板G-F1、G-F2、G-F3貼合於所得之液晶面板(H)的雙面，而分別得到液晶顯示器H-F1、H-F2、H-F3。貼合材料為透明且未呈現複折射，即使在顯示部分上具有貼合材料，呈現黏著性或接著性之區域與呈現密著性之區域並不會有不同之能見性。因此，貼合材料不會使顯示區域的面積縮小。 Then, the sealing material was hardened by ultraviolet rays or heating to obtain a liquid crystal display (the size of the display portion was 80 × 60 mm). The polarizing plates G-F1, G-F2, and G-F3 obtained by forming the bonding material (F) on one side in the first embodiment were bonded to both sides of the obtained liquid crystal panel (H) to obtain liquid crystals, respectively. Display H-F1, H-F2, H-F3. The bonding material is transparent and does not exhibit birefringence, and even if it has a bonding material on the display portion, the region exhibiting adhesion or adhesion does not have different visibility from the region exhibiting adhesion. Therefore, the bonding material does not reduce the area of the display area.
以3點彎曲試驗來評估液晶顯示器(H-F1、H-F2、H-F3)，得到液晶顯示器全體的彈性率。結果整理於表-1。 The liquid crystal display (H-F1, H-F2, and H-F3) was evaluated by a 3-point bending test to obtain the elastic modulus of the entire liquid crystal display. The results are compiled in Table-1.
另外，將作為試驗片之液晶顯示器載置於成為支點之2個邊緣間，並以加壓頭壓入該中央部而實施3點彎曲試驗。邊緣間的距離為40mm，加壓頭的壓入速度設為100mm/min，加壓頭的前端係從邊緣壓入10mm為止，並從所得之荷重拉伸曲線的初期直線部分中求得彎曲彈性率。 Further, a liquid crystal display as a test piece was placed between the two edges of the fulcrum, and the center portion was pressed by a press head to perform a three-point bending test. The distance between the edges is 40 mm, the pressing speed of the pressing head is set to 100 mm/min, and the front end of the pressing head is pressed from the edge by 10 mm, and the bending elasticity is obtained from the initial straight portion of the obtained load stretching curve. rate.
另一方面，將實施例1之附有黏著材料之偏光板(D)貼合於以與實施例2同樣方式得到之液晶面板的 雙面，而得到液晶顯示器(H-D)。並與實施例1同樣地求得彎曲彈性率。 On the other hand, the polarizing plate (D) with the adhesive material of Example 1 was bonded to the liquid crystal panel obtained in the same manner as in Example 2. Double-sided, and get a liquid crystal display (H-D). The flexural modulus was determined in the same manner as in Example 1.
從表-1中，可得知與比較例1般之以通常貼合方法將偏光板全面貼合於液晶顯示器全面之情形(H-D)相比，實施例1中所製作之液晶顯示器(G-F1至G-F3)的彈性率小，顯示出撓曲性的增大。 From Table 1, it can be seen that the liquid crystal display produced in Example 1 (G- is compared with the case where the polarizing plate is fully bonded to the entire liquid crystal display (HD) by the usual bonding method as in Comparative Example 1. F1 to G-F3) have a small modulus of elasticity and exhibit an increase in flexibility.
此外，以比較例1的條件製作出之液晶顯示器(H-D)，在彎曲試驗後，密封部的一部分剝離而觀察到分散之液晶洩漏產生，但在實施例1之液晶顯示器(G-F1至G-F3)中未觀察到液晶洩漏。從該結果可得知液晶顯示器之撓曲性的增大，亦會改善相對於顯示器變形之耐久性。 Further, in the liquid crystal display (HD) produced under the conditions of Comparative Example 1, after the bending test, a part of the sealing portion was peeled off to observe the occurrence of dispersed liquid crystal leakage, but the liquid crystal display of Example 1 (G-F1 to G) No liquid crystal leakage was observed in -F3). From this result, it is known that the increase in the flexibility of the liquid crystal display also improves the durability against deformation of the display.
任一實施例中，貼合材料均為透明且未呈現複折射，即使在顯示部分上具有貼合材料，呈現黏著性或接著性之區域與呈現密著性之區域並不會有不同能見性，因此，貼合材料不會使顯示區域的面積縮小，可呈現均一的顯示。 In any of the embodiments, the bonding material is transparent and does not exhibit birefringence, and even if there is a bonding material on the display portion, the region exhibiting adhesiveness or adhesion does not have different visibility from the region exhibiting adhesion. Therefore, the bonding material does not reduce the area of the display area, and can exhibit a uniform display.
使用如實施例1所進行般，使用預先以既定圖案形成開孔之脫模薄膜，並改變呈現密著性之區域與呈現黏著性之區域的面積比。如第10圖(d)所示，以偏光板的外周部之6×5mm的複數個黏著材料區域作為殘留圖案，並改變該黏著材料區域的間隔而得到偏光板(G)，使用該偏光板(G)並與實施例2同樣地製作出液晶顯示器(H)。使用聚矽氧烷(Shin-Etsu Silicone股份有限公司製，KF96-50CS，黏性率0.05Pa．s)作為呈現密著性但不呈現黏著性或接著性之低黏彈性材料，並以使該附著量成為5μg/mm2之方式進行噴霧。將以在外周部以3mm的間隔殘留28個6×5mm的黏著材料區域之方式設置圖案之液晶顯示器設為H-F4，將以在外周部以9mm的間隔殘留18個6×5mm的黏著材料區域之方式設置圖案之液晶顯示器設為H-F5，將以在外周部以15mm的間隔殘留12個6×5mm的黏著材料區域之方式設置圖案之液晶顯示器設為H-F6。此外，如第8圖所示般在外周部設置黏著材料區域，以內側作為緊密材料區域，並且以顯示區域的面積為100時，以使緊密材料區域的面積成為40之方式而與實施例1及實施例2同樣地製作液晶面板(H-F7)。 As in the case of Example 1, a release film in which openings were formed in a predetermined pattern was used, and the area ratio of the region where the adhesion was exhibited to the region where the adhesion was exhibited was changed. As shown in Fig. 10(d), a plurality of adhesive material regions of 6 × 5 mm in the outer peripheral portion of the polarizing plate are used as a residual pattern, and the interval between the adhesive material regions is changed to obtain a polarizing plate (G), and the polarizing plate is used. (G) A liquid crystal display (H) was produced in the same manner as in Example 2. Polypyroxyline (KF96-50CS, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Silicone Co., Ltd., viscosity ratio 0.05 Pa.s) was used as a low viscoelastic material exhibiting adhesion but not exhibiting adhesion or adhesion, and Spraying was carried out so that the amount of adhesion became 5 μg/mm 2 . A liquid crystal display having a pattern in which 28 6×5 mm adhesive material regions were left at intervals of 3 mm in the outer peripheral portion was set to H-F4, and 18 6×5 mm adhesive materials were left at intervals of 9 mm in the outer peripheral portion. The liquid crystal display in which the pattern was set in the area was set to H-F5, and the liquid crystal display in which the pattern was placed so as to have 12 6×5 mm adhesive material regions at intervals of 15 mm in the outer peripheral portion was set to H-F6. Further, as shown in Fig. 8, the adhesive material region is provided on the outer peripheral portion, and the inner side is used as the dense material region, and when the area of the display region is 100, the area of the compact material region is 40, and the embodiment 1 is used. A liquid crystal panel (H-F7) was produced in the same manner as in Example 2.
與實施例2相同地，以3點彎曲試驗來評估液晶顯示器(H-F4至H-F7)並求取彈性率，結果如表-2所示。 In the same manner as in Example 2, the liquid crystal display (H-F4 to H-F7) was evaluated by a 3-point bending test and the modulus of elasticity was determined. The results are shown in Table-2.
如表-2所示，與比較例1之通常貼合方法將偏光板全面貼合於液晶顯示器全面之情形(比較例1的H-D)相比，緊密材料區域的面積比愈大則液晶顯示器的彈性率愈小，愈可形成充滿撓曲性之顯示器。 As shown in Table-2, the general bonding method of Comparative Example 1 is such that the polarizing plate is completely bonded to the entire liquid crystal display (HD of Comparative Example 1), the larger the area ratio of the dense material region is, the larger the liquid crystal display is. The smaller the modulus of elasticity, the more a display that is full of flexibility.
彎曲試驗後，實施例3之液晶顯示器(H-F4至H-F7)中並未觀察到密封部的一部分剝離而產生液晶洩漏。從該結果中可得知液晶顯示器之撓曲性的增大，亦會改善相對於顯示器變形之耐久性。 After the bending test, a part of the sealing portion was not peeled off in the liquid crystal display (H-F4 to H-F7) of Example 3 to cause liquid crystal leakage. From this result, it is known that the increase in the flexibility of the liquid crystal display also improves the durability against deformation of the display.
此外，任一實施例中，貼合材料均為透明且未呈現複折射，即使在顯示部分上具有貼合材料，呈現黏著性或接著性之區域與呈現密著性之區域並不會有不同能見性，因此，貼合材料不會使顯示區域的面積縮小，可呈現均一的顯示。 In addition, in any of the embodiments, the bonding material is transparent and does not exhibit birefringence, and even if there is a bonding material on the display portion, the region exhibiting adhesiveness or adhesion is not different from the region exhibiting adhesion. Visibility, therefore, the bonding material does not reduce the area of the display area, and can present a uniform display.
使用柔性版印刷機，以第2圖至第9圖所示 之圖案，將作為呈現密著性但不呈現黏著性或接著性之低黏彈性材料之聚矽氧烷(Shin-Etsu Silicone股份有限公司製，KF96-50CS，黏性率0.05Pa．s)，印刷在於厚度25μm的聚酯薄膜的單面上塗佈有熱硬化型聚矽氧烷樹脂系脫模劑之脫模薄膜(A)上，而得到附有圖案之脫模薄膜(AE及BE)。所使用之柔性版版係設計如下。設計為能夠以第2圖至第9圖之呈現密著性之區域的圖案來印刷聚矽氧烷，並且以顯示區域的面積為100時，印刷之聚矽氧烷之面積(呈現密著性之區域的面積)為87，且轉印量為10μg/mm2。 Using a flexographic printing press, the pattern shown in Figures 2 to 9 will be used as a polyoxyalkylene (Shin-Etsu Silicone Limited Limited) which exhibits adhesion but does not exhibit adhesiveness or adhesion. Co., Ltd., KF96-50CS, viscosity ratio: 0.05 Pa.s), printed on a single surface of a polyester film having a thickness of 25 μm coated with a thermosetting polyoxyalkylene resin-based release agent (A) On top, a patterned release film (AE and BE) was obtained. The flexographic version used is designed as follows. Designed to be capable of printing polyoxyalkylene in a pattern showing the area of adhesion in FIGS. 2 to 9 and the area of the printed polyoxyalkylene when the area of the display area is 100 (present adhesion) The area of the area was 87, and the transfer amount was 10 μg/mm 2 .
於含有由丙烯酸丁酯：丙烯酸=95：5(重量比)的共聚物所構成之重量平均分子量100萬的丙烯酸系聚合物之溶液(固體成分15%)中，以相對於該聚合物固體成分100份而添加Coronate L(Nippon Polyurethane Industry公司製)0.2份，而調製出黏著劑的溶液。以使乾燥時的該黏著劑厚度成為25μm之方式，將該黏著劑溶液塗佈於附有圖案之脫模薄膜(AE)上並乾燥。然後將脫模薄膜(BE)予以疊合而得到貼合材料薄膜(FE)。 In a solution (solid content 15%) of an acrylic polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 1,000,000 composed of a copolymer of butyl acrylate:acrylic acid = 95:5 (weight ratio), relative to the solid content of the polymer To 100 parts, Coronate L (manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Industry Co., Ltd.) was added in an amount of 0.2 part to prepare a solution of an adhesive. The adhesive solution was applied onto the patterned release film (AE) so as to have a thickness of the adhesive at 25 μm during drying, and dried. The release film (BE) is then laminated to obtain a film of the bonding material (FE).
將上述製作出之貼合材料薄膜(FE)裁切出80×60mm，將單方的脫模薄膜(BE)剝離並貼合於實施例2中所得之液晶面板(H)的雙面。另外，將脫模薄膜(BE)剝離後殘留於貼合材料表面之聚矽氧烷的量約為5μg/mm2。從附有貼合材料薄膜之液晶面板中，從雙面將殘留之脫模薄膜(AE)剝離，並將厚度100μm的偏光薄膜貼合於該雙面。將脫模薄膜(AE)剝離後殘留於貼合材料表面之聚矽氧烷的 量約為5μg/mm2。將使用以第2圖至第9圖所示圖案印刷聚矽氧烷之貼合材料所製作之液晶顯示器，分別設為HF-2至HF-9。 The film (FE) prepared as described above was cut into 80 × 60 mm, and a single release film (BE) was peeled off and bonded to both sides of the liquid crystal panel (H) obtained in Example 2. Further, the amount of polyoxyalkylene remaining on the surface of the bonding material after peeling off the release film (BE) was about 5 μg/mm 2 . From the liquid crystal panel with the film of the bonding material, the residual release film (AE) was peeled off from both sides, and a polarizing film having a thickness of 100 μm was bonded to the both surfaces. The amount of polyoxyalkylene remaining on the surface of the bonding material after peeling off the release film (AE) was about 5 μg/mm 2 . The liquid crystal display produced by using the bonding material of the polyoxyalkylene printed in the pattern shown in FIGS. 2 to 9 was set to HF-2 to HF-9, respectively.
除了使用黏性率0.3Pa．s之聚矽氧烷(Shin-Etsu Silicone股份有限公司製，KF96-300CS)之外，其他以與HF-4完全相同之條件而製作液晶顯示器，並將此設為HF-10。 In addition to the use of viscosity rate of 0.3Pa. A liquid crystal display was produced under the same conditions as those of HF-4 except for polyoxyalkylene (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Silicone Co., Ltd., KF96-300CS), and this was designated as HF-10.
與實施例2相同地實施3點彎曲試驗，並測定將偏光薄膜貼合於液晶顯示器不久後、經過10天後及經過30天後之彎曲彈性率。結果如表-3所示。 A three-point bending test was carried out in the same manner as in Example 2, and the bending elastic modulus after the polarizing film was bonded to the liquid crystal display, after 10 days, and after 30 days passed, was measured. The results are shown in Table-3.
如表-3所示，與比較例1之以通常貼合方法將偏光板全面貼合於液晶顯示器全面之情形(H-D)相比，設置有呈現密著性之區域之實施例4之液晶顯示器的彈性率小，可形成充滿撓曲性之顯示器。此外，彎曲彈性率整體較小，此認為原因為本實施例般之呈現密著性之區域接觸於基板與偏光板的雙面。此外，彎曲彈性率雖然隨時間變化而增加，但在約10天時達到平衡值，該值較比較例1的HD小。 As shown in Table-3, the liquid crystal display of Example 4 in which the polarizing plate was completely bonded to the liquid crystal display in the general bonding method of Comparative Example 1 was provided. The modulus of elasticity is small and can form a display that is full of flexibility. Further, the bending elastic modulus as a whole is small, and it is considered that the region where the adhesion is the same as that of the embodiment is in contact with both sides of the substrate and the polarizing plate. Further, although the flexural modulus increased with time, the equilibrium value was reached at about 10 days, which was smaller than that of Comparative Example 1.
彎曲試驗後，實施例4之液晶顯示器(HF-2至HF-10)中，並未觀察到密封部的一部分剝離而產生液晶洩漏。從該結果可得知液晶顯示器之撓曲性的增大，亦會改善相對於顯示器變形之耐久性。 After the bending test, in the liquid crystal display (HF-2 to HF-10) of Example 4, a part of the sealing portion was not observed to be peeled off to cause liquid crystal leakage. From this result, it is known that the increase in the flexibility of the liquid crystal display also improves the durability against deformation of the display.
此外，任一實施例中，貼合材料均為透明且未呈現複折射，即使在顯示部分上具有貼合材料，呈現黏著性或接著性之區域與呈現密著性之區域並不會有不同能見性，因此，貼合材料不會使顯示區域的面積縮小，可呈現均一的顯示。 In addition, in any of the embodiments, the bonding material is transparent and does not exhibit birefringence, and even if there is a bonding material on the display portion, the region exhibiting adhesiveness or adhesion is not different from the region exhibiting adhesion. Visibility, therefore, the bonding material does not reduce the area of the display area, and can present a uniform display.
將作為黏著材料之雙面以脫模薄膜保護之聚矽氧烷膠體(OPT α Gel N100K，Taica股份有限公司製)裁切出80×60mm，將單方的脫模薄膜剝離並貼合於厚度100μm的偏光薄膜，而得到附有黏著材料之偏光板(D2)。從偏光板(D2)將聚矽氧烷膠體之另一方的脫模薄膜剝離，取而代之將與實施例1相同地得到之脫模薄膜作為第10圖(a) 所示之預先以既定圖案形成開孔之脫模薄膜(E)，並以使該中央位置位於偏光板的中央位置之方式而貼合。該黏著材料的黏著力相對於下列所使用之偏光板與基材而言為4000g/20mm。 A polysiloxane adhesive (OPT α Gel N100K, manufactured by Taica Co., Ltd.), which is a double-sided adhesive film, was cut into 80×60 mm, and the single release film was peeled off and bonded to a thickness of 100 μm. The polarizing film is obtained, and a polarizing plate (D2) with an adhesive material is obtained. The release film of the other polyoxyalkylene colloid was peeled off from the polarizing plate (D2), and the release film obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 was replaced as the 10th (a). The release film (E) in which the opening is formed in advance in a predetermined pattern is shown, and the center position is placed so as to be located at the center of the polarizing plate. The adhesive force of the adhesive material was 4000 g/20 mm with respect to the polarizing plate and the substrate used below.
從該偏光板之脫模薄膜(E)的上方，噴霧作為呈現密著性但不呈現黏著性或接著性之低黏彈性材料之聚矽氧烷(Shin-Etsu Silicone股份有限公司製，KF96-50CS)、流動石蠟、1-辛醇、亞麻油酸、橄欖油，並塗佈設置為5μg/mm2。然後將脫模薄膜(E)剝離，而得到於單側形成有由呈現黏著性或接著性之區域以及呈現密著性之區域所構成的貼合材料(K)之偏光板(GK)。於脫模薄膜(E)被剝離後之附有貼合材料之偏光板(GK)的面上，在該周圍以6mm的間隔殘留20個6×5mm的黏著材料區域，以偏光板全體的面積為100時，呈現密著性之區域的面積所佔之比率(緊密區域的面積比)為87%，13%為呈現黏著性之區域。在此係將使用聚矽氧烷、流動石蠟、1-辛醇、亞麻油酸、橄欖油作為呈現密著性但不呈現黏著性或接著性之低黏彈性材料而製作出之附有貼合材料之偏光板，分別設為GK1至GK5。 From the above-mentioned release film (E) of the polarizing plate, a polyoxyalkylene (Sin-Etsu Silicone Co., Ltd., KF96-, which is a non-adhesive material which exhibits adhesion but does not exhibit adhesiveness or adhesion, is sprayed. 50CS), mobile paraffin, 1-octanol, linoleic acid, olive oil, and coated to 5 μg/mm 2 . Then, the release film (E) is peeled off to obtain a polarizing plate (GK) in which a bonding material (K) composed of a region exhibiting adhesiveness or adhesion and a region exhibiting adhesion is formed on one side. On the surface of the polarizing plate (GK) with the bonding material after the release film (E) was peeled off, 20 6×5 mm adhesive material regions were left at intervals of 6 mm around the release film (E), and the entire area of the polarizing plate was used. At 100 o'clock, the ratio of the area of the area where the adhesion is present (the area ratio of the tight area) is 87%, and 13% is the area where the adhesion is present. In this case, polydecane, mobile paraffin, 1-octanol, linoleic acid, and olive oil are used as a low-viscosity material which exhibits adhesion but does not exhibit adhesiveness or adhesion. The polarizing plates of the materials are set to GK1 to GK5, respectively.
將附有貼合材料之偏光薄膜(GK)貼合於實施例2中所得之液晶面板(H)的雙面，並分別設為H-GK1至H-GK5。 A polarizing film (GK) with a bonding material was attached to both sides of the liquid crystal panel (H) obtained in Example 2, and was set to H-GK1 to H-GK5, respectively.
與實施例2相同地實施3點彎曲試驗，並測定液晶顯示器的彎曲彈性率。此外並測定所使用之黏著、 接著材料、與呈現密著性但不呈現黏著性或接著性之低黏彈性材料之間的接觸角。結果如表-4所示。 A three-point bending test was carried out in the same manner as in Example 2, and the flexural modulus of the liquid crystal display was measured. In addition, and determine the adhesion used, The contact angle between the material and the low viscoelastic material that exhibits adhesion but does not exhibit adhesion or adhesion. The results are shown in Table-4.
如表-4所示，與比較例1之以通常貼合方法將偏光板全面貼合於液晶顯示器全面之情形(H-D)相比，設置有呈現密著性之區域之液晶顯示器的彈性率小，可形成充滿撓曲性之顯示器。當呈現密著性但不呈現黏著性或接著性之低黏彈性材料為與黏著、接著材料及基板之親和性大，亦即為接觸角小之材料時，往液晶顯示器外部之洩漏少，且氣泡之侵入亦少。 As shown in Table-4, compared with the case where the polarizing plate is completely bonded to the entire liquid crystal display (HD) by the usual bonding method of Comparative Example 1, the liquid crystal display provided with the region in which the adhesion is present has a small modulus of elasticity. It can form a display full of flexibility. When the low viscoelastic material exhibiting adhesion but not exhibiting adhesiveness or adhesion has a large affinity with the adhesive, the bonding material and the substrate, that is, a material having a small contact angle, leakage to the outside of the liquid crystal display is small, and There is also less intrusion of bubbles.
當中，H-GK1係顯示出黏著、接著材料的部分隨著時間經過而膨潤之傾向。此外，H-GK4之呈現黏著性或接著性之區域的黏著力係逐漸降低。 Among them, the H-GK1 system showed a tendency to adhere, and then a part of the material swelled over time. In addition, the adhesion of the region where H-GK4 exhibits adhesion or adhesion is gradually reduced.
彎曲試驗後，實施例5之液晶顯示器中並未 觀察到密封部的一部分剝離而產生液晶洩漏。從該結果可得知液晶顯示器之撓曲性的增大，亦會改善相對於顯示器變形之耐久性。 After the bending test, the liquid crystal display of Example 5 did not It was observed that a part of the sealing portion was peeled off to cause liquid crystal leakage. From this result, it is known that the increase in the flexibility of the liquid crystal display also improves the durability against deformation of the display.
此外，任一實施例中，貼合材料均為透明且未呈現複折射，即使在顯示部分上具有貼合材料，呈現黏著性或接著性之區域與呈現密著性之區域並不會為不同能見性，因此，貼合材料不會使顯示區域的面積縮小，可呈現均一的顯示。 In addition, in any of the embodiments, the bonding material is transparent and does not exhibit birefringence, and even if there is a bonding material on the display portion, the region exhibiting adhesiveness or adhesion is not different from the region exhibiting adhesion. Visibility, therefore, the bonding material does not reduce the area of the display area, and can present a uniform display.
本發明可適用在將光學薄膜貼合於夾持液晶層或有機EL層等之具有光學效果的物質之光學元件之貼合材料，顯示元件及顯示元件的製造方法，可提高顯示元件的撓曲性，使夾持具有光學效果的物質之一對基板不會剝離或浮起，同時亦有利於顯示元件的窄邊框化。 The present invention can be applied to a bonding material for bonding an optical film to an optical element that sandwiches an optically effective substance such as a liquid crystal layer or an organic EL layer, and a display element and a method for manufacturing the display element, which can improve deflection of the display element. The property is such that one of the substances having the optical effect is not peeled off or floated on the substrate, and the narrow frame of the display element is also facilitated.
理由：須用整個圖式[第1圖(a)至(c)]才能顯示完整技術特徵。Reason: The entire schema [Fig. 1 (a) to (c)] must be used to show the complete technical features.
1‧‧‧呈現黏著性或接著性之區域 1‧‧‧ Areas of adhesion or adhesion
2‧‧‧呈現密著性之區域 2‧‧‧ Areas of intimacy
3‧‧‧光學元件 3‧‧‧Optical components
3a‧‧‧一對基板 3a‧‧‧A pair of substrates
3b‧‧‧具有光學效果的物質 3b‧‧‧Materials with optical effects
4‧‧‧光學薄膜 4‧‧‧Optical film
10‧‧‧貼合材料 10‧‧‧Fitting materials
20‧‧‧顯示元件 20‧‧‧ display elements
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| JP6867126B2 (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2021-04-28 | 日東電工株式会社 | A polarizing plate with an adhesive layer, an image display device, a method for bonding the polarizing plates, and a method for manufacturing a polarizing plate with an adhesive layer. |
| KR102146150B1 (en) * | 2016-10-03 | 2020-08-19 | 김영수 | Apparatus of display having detachable pattern |
| CN111724676B (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2022-09-02 | 昆山工研院新型平板显示技术中心有限公司 | Stretchable wire, manufacturing method thereof and display device |
| WO2021059407A1 (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2021-04-01 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Protective tape, optical module with protective tape, method for protecting optical module, and method for manufacturing optical device |
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