TWI508362B - 積體波導封裝之系統及方法 - Google Patents

積體波導封裝之系統及方法 Download PDF

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TWI508362B
TWI508362B TW098104448A TW98104448A TWI508362B TW I508362 B TWI508362 B TW I508362B TW 098104448 A TW098104448 A TW 098104448A TW 98104448 A TW98104448 A TW 98104448A TW I508362 B TWI508362 B TW I508362B
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
microwave integrated
integrated circuit
heat sink
wiring board
printed wiring
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TW098104448A
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English (en)
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TW200943616A (en
Inventor
Noel A Lopez
Michael R Lyons
Dave Laidig
Kenneth V Buer
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Viasat Inc
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Publication of TW200943616A publication Critical patent/TW200943616A/zh
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Publication of TWI508362B publication Critical patent/TWI508362B/zh

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Description

積體波導封裝之系統及方法
本發明係關於毫米波封裝。本發明尤其是關於利用低成本及/或高產出技術製造之毫米波封裝。
塊升轉換器(BUCs)、固態功率放大器(SSPAs)、以及類似的系統常用於衛星通訊系統,以藉由射頻(RF)訊號發送及接收資料。許多這些系統利用毫米波封裝,其包含各種組件於系統內提供所需功能。舉例而言,BUCs及SSPAs可包含電的及機械的組件,例如單石微波積體電路(MMIC)、散熱器、印刷線路板(PWB)或其他類似的結構、波導、基座、射頻蓋、及/或各種其他組件。此類組件合作以與組件相關之特定系統之目的一致的有效率方式,可靠地處理射頻訊號。
一些包含所需電組件之電子模組利用各種方法製造成各種組合。舉例而言,一些中型功率塊升轉換器(mBUCs)利用客制鋁鑄基座及蓋子製造。客制鑄造基座及蓋子可能相當昂貴。一些中型功率塊升轉換器利用與鑄造基座及蓋子分開組裝之印刷線路板製造。然後於連續製造程序中,將鑄造基座、鑄造蓋子、及其他組件與個別的印刷線路板組裝。一次僅組裝一個毫米波封裝之連續製造程序可能既沒效率又昂貴。
需要包含各種標準電及機械的組件之可靠又低成本的毫米波封裝。亦需要包含各種標準電及機械的組件與多個印刷線路板並行組裝之可靠又低成本的毫米波封裝。本發明係針對這些及其他的需求。
一種毫米波系統或封裝可包含至少一印刷線路板(PWB)、至少一積體波導介面、及/或至少一單石微波積體電路(MMIC)。此封裝可與額外的毫米波系統或封裝組裝成面板形式。
一種製造及測試面板形式之毫米波封裝之方法,包含:提供包含多個印刷線路板(PWB)單元之面板;添加一或更多的組件(例如散熱器)到印刷線路板單元;翻轉面板;在翻轉面板後,添加一或更多的組件(例如散熱器)到印刷線路板單元;添加單石微波積體電路(MMIC)到各散熱器;添加蓋子到各印刷線路板單元;及/或整合至少一高功率及高頻率波導介面於各印刷線路板單元內。
於此足夠詳細地說明例示實施例,以使熟此技藝者能實施本發明,但應了解可有其他實施例,且在不悖離本發明之精神與範疇下可有邏輯電的及機械的改變。因此,以下說明僅為說明性目的而呈現。
根據毫米波封裝之範例,並參考圖1,顯示移除射頻蓋之毫米波導封裝100之上視圖。封裝100為具有所需微波介面與熱管理之可靠又低成本毫米波封裝之範例,其能大量地與其他封裝100並行製造。封裝100包含印刷線路板(PWB)102,與單石微波積體電路(MMIC)104通訊。印刷線路板102包含空間106、多個介層(vias)108、匹配介層110、孔112、以及波導介面114。
印刷線路板102視封裝100路由的訊號數目或其他需求及偏好,可具有一或更多層。印刷線路板102可為印刷線路板、印刷電路板、蝕刻的線路板、低溫共燒結陶瓷、高溫共燒結陶瓷、層疊物、軟基板、液晶聚合物、及/或其他類似結構。印刷線路板102可包含各種介層、通孔組件、及表面裝設技術(SMT)。表面裝設技術可利用焊料、環氧樹脂、或其他類型的附接方式,裝設於印刷線路板102之頂側或底側。
單石微波積體電路104駐設於空間106內,使得單石微波積體電路104能與印刷線路板102之頂表面相通。單石微波積體電路104與印刷線路板102相通之方式為,使單石微波積體電路104最終能與一或更多的額外封裝100通訊。傳輸到單石微波積體電路104或從單石微波積體電路104傳輸的訊號,可為射頻、本地振盪器(LO)、中頻(IF)、電壓供應、控制、偵測器訊號、及/或類似者。
參考圖1,單石微波積體電路104之範例可包含射頻輸出116、射頻輸入118、及各種輸入/輸出埠120。射頻輸出116打線連接或以其他方式連接到射頻探針122。射頻探針122延伸入波導介面114。射頻探針122可用以在波導介面114內激起射頻訊號。波導介面114用以在封裝100與其週遭組件及環境間提供低損失介面。低損失訊號通訊特別有利於某些微波應用,例如高功率放大(HPA)輸出介面及低雜訊放大(LNA)輸入介面。
射頻輸入118到單石微波積體電路104係以打線連接或其他方式連接到結構124。結構124可包含如任何能傳輸訊號到單石微波積體電路104之結構。結構或線跡124可依次連接到其中一個匹配介層110。匹配介層110可透過連接器接腳連接或匹配到匹配封裝101之額外介層108(如圖3所示)。單石微波積體電路104之輸入/輸出埠120係以打線連接或以其他方式連接到印刷線路板102上之各種線跡126。
孔112容納螺栓、螺絲、或其他連接器,其例如機械地將印刷線路板102及封裝100之潛在其他組件彼此連接或裝設,或連接或裝設到一或更多額外的組件或結構。舉例而言,印刷線路板102可透過一或更多的孔112,裝設到鄰近散熱板、基座、額外的印刷線路板、額外的封裝100、或其他結構。孔112可以其他附接結構補強或替換,例如與封裝100相關之各種組件中提供所需機械附接之其他連接或空間。牢固的機械連接在組件間提供可預期又需要的間隔,以最大化最佳的熱連接與訊號通訊。
參考圖2,顯示封裝100之範例之底視圖,例如參考圖1所述之封裝100。封裝100包含散熱器128。散熱器128可包含波導空間130、讓SMT組件裝設於印刷線路板102(圖1)之選擇性開口132及134、一或更多的孔136、及/或開口138,其用以匹配連接器接腳以通到印刷線路板102之介層110。
散熱器128可為散熱板,或其他能將熱從單石微波積體電路104(圖1)或其他熱產生組件在封裝100及週遭環境傳遞之其他結構。舉例而言,散熱器128可由金屬或金屬合金形成,例如銅、鋁、或其他導熱材料。此外或選替地,散熱器128可包含一或更多流體空間,其能在流體的流動中接收熱或傳遞熱。散熱器128的一些範例除了有利的熱性質外,將包含有利於機械、射頻或其他訊號通訊、電的、成本效益、及其他的性質,其較佳可根據封裝100之特定實施。
參考圖3,顯示封裝100(例如圖1及圖2所述相關的封裝100)裝設到基座140並連接到匹配的封裝101之截面側視圖。封裝100包含蓋子142,例如射頻蓋,其連接或通訊到印刷線路板102、裝設於散熱器128並與印刷線路板102訊號通訊之單石微波積體電路104、裝設於基座140之散熱器128、以及利用匹配連接器144與額外封裝101通訊或匹配之封裝100。
於封裝100之範例中,蓋子142用作射頻蓋。蓋子142可包含波導回短(waveguide back short)146,其結合波導介面114在射頻探針122與波導開口148間形成波導介面。尺寸化、定向波導回短146,並與波導介面114保持距離,以確保波導回短146重新導引射頻波同相通過波導介面。波導介面包含波導介面114以及形成通過基座140之波導開口148。蓋子142可由金屬化塑料、聚合物、片金屬、或類似材料,利用壓印、鑄造、或類似製程形成。舉例而言,蓋子142可為金屬化射頻蓋,具有射頻通道及波導回短146。蓋子142可利用焊料、環氧樹脂或其他黏著劑、螺絲或其他機械連接器、機械干涉或扣合、及/或其他附接結構,附接到印刷線路板102。於一範例中,蓋子142可為熱膨脹係數匹配印刷線路板102。於另一範例中,蓋子142可由高溫聚合物製成,其能承受後續高溫製造程序的步驟。用於此之任何聚合物可包含液晶聚合物(LCP)、聚苯硫(PPS)、以及聚醚醯亞胺(PEI)。
於一實施例,封裝100可包含波導介面於封裝100之輸入及/或輸出。於一些實施例中,每個封裝100最少的波導介面數目為一個。於其他實施例,多個波導介面可用做為單一封裝之一或更多的射頻介面,以產生最佳頻率及尺寸之封裝。於較低頻率,波導介面可為非常大的。
參考圖3,封裝100可連接到鄰近匹配封裝101。匹配封裝101可包含類似或相同的結構,且可執行與封裝100類似或相同的功能。各種結構及方法可用來將兩個或更多的封裝100與101連接在一起。於圖3所示之範例中,匹配連接器144附接成連到匹配封裝101之介層108之表面封裝技術(SMT)。匹配連接器144亦連接到下個更高的封裝100之匹配介層110,而在兩個封裝100與101間產生電連接。兩個封裝100與101可為射頻匹配的,以匹配出或降低連接器144之電感。可用作為連接器144之連接器如美國印第安那州新奧巴尼市之Samtec USA公司製造之標準SMT 2mm板對板頭。雖然Samtec USA公司的連接器原本是為直流電及非常低頻控制訊號所設計的,但是根據例示實施例,此類連接器用於封裝100及/或101,用做例如Ka頻帶應用及其他頻率範圍。
參考圖4到圖6,一系列匹配封裝100與101之另一範例包含選替連接介面於封裝100與101間。具體而言,圖4為移除射頻蓋之毫米波封裝100之範例之上視圖。圖4顯示的組件類似於圖1所述封裝100之組件,其包含印刷線路板102、單石微波積體電路104、空間106、多個介層108、孔112、波導介面114、射頻輸出116、射頻輸入118、各種輸入/輸出埠120、射頻探針122、以及訊號通訊結構124。然而,圖1所述之匹配介層110由圖4之選替匹配介層110取代。圖4之匹配介層110容置圖5裝設到印刷線路板102背側之SMT連接器。
參考圖5,毫米波封裝100之範例之底視圖可包含的組件類似於圖2所述之組件,其包含散熱器128、波導空間130、讓SMT組件裝設到印刷線路板102(圖4)之選擇性開口132及134、以及一或更多的孔136。然而,圖2所述之開口138由圖5不同尺寸之選替開口138來取代。再者,圖5顯示連接到匹配介層110(圖4)並裝設到印刷線路板102底側之母SMT連接器150。
參考圖6,至少一毫米波封裝100之範例之側視圖可包含的組件類似於圖3所述之組件,其包含封裝100及匹配封裝101、印刷線路板102、單石微波積體電路104、波導介面114、散熱器128、基座140、蓋子142、SMT連接器144、波導回短146、以及波導開口148。SMT連接器150可例如裝設到封裝100之印刷線路板102底側。SMT連接器150亦可連接到連接器144。SMT連接器150與連接器144可形成比圖3所述之連接器144與匹配介層110間之連接還更強的機械連接。連接器150包含孔,透過其使連接器144之一端可延伸,而在連接器144該端的外表面與連接器150之孔的內表面間形成機械干涉配合。
連接器150以及連接器144與150間之可移動干涉配合,可作為提供額外浮動給印刷線路板102之避震器。印刷線路板可為易脆的、剛性的,在受到些微移動的應力下又易破裂。因此,連接器150及其相關連接可在鄰近印刷線路板102間提供所需的移動並吸收所產生的應力,以避免印刷線路板102破裂。再者,連接器144及150間的連接介面可提供自另一印刷線路板移除印刷線路板的便利介面,以提供特定印刷線路板的測試而不影響鄰近的組件。
參考圖7,說明毫米波封裝100(例如封裝100)之範例之底視圖。圖7所示之封裝100包含的組件類似於圖2及圖5所述之組件,其包含散熱器128、波導空間130、讓SMT組件裝設到印刷線路板102(圖4)之選擇性開口132及134、以及一或更多的孔136。然而,圖2及圖5所述之開口138由圖7不同尺寸與位置之選替開口138來取代。參考圖7,開口138可用以容納導線架152。舉例而言,導線架152可裝設到印刷線路板102底側。導線架152包含至少一線跡、引腳、電接觸、或其他訊號通訊路徑154。路徑154作為提供多個封裝100與101間之電通訊。導線架152亦提供多個封裝100與101間所需的機械強度,以及因多個封裝100與101間移動引起所需的浮動或避震量。
參考圖8,至少一毫米波封裝100之範例之側視圖可包含的組件類似於圖3及圖6所述之組件,其包含封裝100及匹配封裝101、印刷線路板102、單石微波積體電路104、波導介面114、散熱器128、基座140、蓋子142、波導回短146、以及波導開口148。亦顯示導線架152裝設到較高封裝100之印刷線路板102底側以及匹配封裝101頂側。導線架152提供匹配封裝100與101間之電及機械的附接與強度,同時也提供容納封裝100與101間移動所需的浮動或避震。導線架152包含中央區段156,其能屈曲或移動而不對封裝100與101之鄰近印刷線路板102產生有害的應力。當相較先前於參考3及圖6所述之連接器144及150時,導線架152也是相當薄的。相當薄的導線架152允許基座140在鄰近封裝100與101間形成較小的步階158,即形成較短的垂直距離。若有的話,在鄰近封裝間之步階158的尺寸,可根據所需連接器、所需基座、或其他因素所需修改的類型來修改,其他因素例如佈局、尺寸、形狀、及/或一系列封裝100與101及/或相關組件之方位。
參考圖9,並短暫參考圖4說明毫米波封裝100(例如封裝100)之範例之底視圖。封裝100包含的組件類似於圖2、圖5、及圖7所述之組件,其包含散熱器128、波導空間130、讓SMT組件裝設到印刷線路板102(圖4)之選擇性開口132及134、以及一或更多的孔136。然而,圖2、圖5、及圖7所述之開口138由圖9不同尺寸與位置之多個選替開口138來取代。圖9之開口138各容納至少一SMT引腳160。舉例而言,引腳160裝設到印刷線路板102底側。引腳160可包含引腳、線跡、或多個封裝100與101間之其他電連接。引腳160可對準於匹配印刷線路板102頂側上之對應電連接器,利用孔136或其他額外的孔及接腳在印刷線路板102及/或頂封裝100之散熱器128與印刷線路板102及/或匹配底封裝101之其他組件間,形成機械連接與對準。於此所述之引腳160或其他連接或連接器,可為彈簧型引腳,例如使用或不使用焊料而能連接一或更多封裝或其他組件之引腳。因此,於一範例中,無焊料彈簧型引腳可將兩個封裝連接在一起。
於一例示實施例中,當兩個封裝100及101之接腳及孔彼此對準時,引腳160會對準對應的電接觸,形成機械及/或電連接。圖9所示之封裝100亦可包含額外及/或選擇性的開口162,供容納對應的支撐、對準、附接、及/或其他結構。於此所述之任何實施例中,可改變及/或反向任何結構型方位及方向,例如參考圖9,使得附接到頂側的結構可附接到底側,及/或底封裝可變成頂封裝,反之亦然。
參考圖10,至少一毫米波封裝100之範例之側視圖可包含的組件類似於圖3、圖6、及圖8所述之組件,其包含封裝100及匹配封裝101、印刷線路板102、單石微波積體電路104、波導介面114、散熱器128、基座140、蓋子142、波導回短146、以及波導開口148。亦顯示三個引腳160連接之一為適當對準的較高封裝100與其較低匹配封裝101間之SMT附接。剩下的兩個引腳160連接可類似地連接到相同或不同的匹配封裝101。再者,封裝100可利用類似技術連接到兩個或更多的匹配封裝101,或反之亦然。
相當薄的引腳160連接可使基座140具有小步階158。換言之,引腳160在兩個電接觸點間可包含相當短的垂直距離,使得步階158可為相當小,其使封裝100與101間隔於或位於相當的靠近彼此。引腳160連接之緊密又相當短的連接,在連接封裝100與101間提供很小的移動機會,而有益於某些應用。再者,各引腳160可為相當短的,而在連接印刷線路板102之主要電組件間提供非常直接又短的途徑。此相當短又直接的引腳160可提供非常低的電感連接,且對電連接之寄生效應提供非常小的機會。支撐結構164亦可固接到頂封裝100之印刷線路板102底側。支撐結構164可提供印刷線路板102所需的機械及/或電的附接,並可用以保護印刷線路板102破損或受到其他損害。
參考圖11,說明陣列或面板166形式之多個毫米波封裝100或101之範例之底視圖。於此任何圖式所述之任何封裝組件可以面板166形式組裝及/或測試。面板166形式使製造商可自動化製造設備,於單一自動化組裝線機台以並行、同時、或以合作方式快速地組裝大量的封裝。面板166可包含工具孔170或其他結構,以藉由在製造及/或測試面板166上之封裝的期間所用的各種機器及設備,來改善面板166的處理。
傳統地,封裝於一連串程序中組裝,一次僅可組裝一個裝置,造成製造程序的瓶頸並降低裝置總數的產量。然而,根據一範例,多個封裝可同時組裝,且並行地消除製造程序的瓶頸,又增加自動化組裝線之封裝100總數的產量。增加的產量或產出可導致成封裝100的成本降低。在製造程序的任何時點,例如組裝及測試後,封裝100及/或額外結構(例如工具孔170)可藉由撕開打孔分離片168、鋸開、及/或其他分離程序,而分離成單元。因此,本發明提供應用在面板或陣列形式並結合高性能材料之低成本及高產量的製造方法,以實現低成本、高功率及高頻率封裝。
再者,本發明之封裝100或101提供顯著優於其他封裝的優點。舉例而言,TriQuint Semiconductor公司封裝4W Ka頻帶功率放大器,但卻不包含波導介面或升轉換器(upconverter)。不整合波導介面的話,當整合封裝到較大型系統時,在下一階段會有額外的損失且設計者會需要做更多工作。於另一範例中,升轉換器有類似本發明封裝之更完整封裝,可僅操作於低功率及低頻率,因此嚴重地妥協升轉換器之功能及性能。
相對地,本發明教示一種封裝,其包含散熱器、蓋子、具有功率放大器之高線性升轉換器、以及波導介面。本發明之封裝可包含具有波導介面之微波單石微波積體電路,其可以低成本製造,並在相當小的外型尺寸中提供高頻率及高功率。舉例而言,高頻率可大於約5GHz。於約5GHz,封裝的波導介面可製造為約1.5英吋寬。在低於約5GHz的頻率,波導介面變得更大,使其很難將具有這樣的波導介面之封裝包含在更大組裝件中。使用本發明封裝可用的高功率係取決於所用的頻率。舉例而言,封裝在70GHz能產生0.5W。於約0.5W,需慎重考慮將散熱器加到封裝。於另一範例,在Ku頻帶頻率之高功率可包含4W。
參考圖12,並參考本發明於此所述之元件,說明製造及/或測試面板形式毫米波封裝之方法範例的流程圖。首先,提供並圖案化包含至少一印刷線路板單元之初始且可分離之面板組裝件(步驟172),形成初始切割及介層,以及提供所需蝕刻及電鍍於印刷線路板。然後將黏膠加到面板中之印刷線路板之多個單元上所需的位置(步驟174)。然後拾放機器將電阻、電容、金屬散熱板、以及其他機械或電的組件加到含有黏膠的區域(步驟176)。然後將一或多個添加的組件焊接到印刷線路板(步驟178),且放置在回流烘箱中並加熱(步驟180),其中黏膠熔化(步驟182)且焊料黏接組件與印刷線路板(步驟184)。然後翻轉面板(步驟186),且根據上述步驟174到步驟184添加額外的組件,直到將所有的組件添加到面板,包含任何所需的表面裝設技術(SMT)。然後利用環氧樹脂或類似的黏著劑,將至少一單石微波積體電路附接到各散熱器(步驟188)。然後將各單石微波積體電路打線連接或以其他方式連接到各印刷線路板(步驟190)。然後將例如射頻蓋之蓋子附接或黏接到各組裝單元(步驟192)。此時,如於此所述,就各組織成面板或陣列形式之多個封裝而言,完整地組裝了積體波導介面。在烘箱中熟化將蓋子黏接到組裝件之環氧樹脂(步驟194)。然後各封裝準備好要進行各個別測試(步驟196)。
將多個封裝建構成陣列或面板形式,而可同時或以快速的順序有效地測試多個封裝。快速的面板及陣列測試,增加了製造產量並降低成本。在測試之前或之後,單個化、切割、鋸開、或分離各單元或封裝(步驟198),且基於各封裝對測試的反應,將封裝個別地分類(步驟200)。然後將個別分類的封裝送到另外的製造商組裝成其他產品,將其放置於捲帶,放置於載盤,或依製造商喜好來使用。
於此所述之製造程序中組裝的組件,將不需要多個另外的製造商來處理及組裝封裝的各種部分,以提供最終封裝組裝件。藉由提供簡單並行程序,同時製造多個封裝於單一組裝線之單一面板,大大地增加了製造速度及產量,降低了對重複測試的需求,降低了成本,降低了運輸的損害,並減少錯誤及失誤的可能。面板組裝對製造商的益處在於,變成能在單一組裝線同時添加多種類似或相同的組件到面板上多個封裝的每一個。舉例而言,處理多個單石微波積體電路之機器可同時放置各個單石微波積體電路單元到多個封裝的每一個,降低每次僅放置一個單石微波積體電路之拾放製造機器典型所需的時間。此類統一化程序可使製造商避免需要拿經組裝的封裝然後將其裝設到散熱器,而後裝設到客制基座組裝件。而是,封裝的所有組裝及最終測試可在單一位置發生,不需要每次由不同製造商另行組裝封裝時進行重複測試。於此所述之步驟可以任何對實施本發明有用的順序執行。
參考圖13,以***圖顯示個別封裝100實施例之範例,其包含蓋子142、多個SMT組件202、單石微波積體電路104、印刷線路板102、黏著層204、以及散熱器128。舉例而言,蓋子142可為金屬電鍍射出成型塑膠,或可為模鑄鋅蓋,其以導電環氧樹脂接合到印刷線路板102基底。蓋子142可為拾放組件,或可放置成在多個印刷線路板102上之多個蓋子142的面板。SMT組件202可焊接到印刷線路板102,而單石微波積體電路104可直接裝設到散熱器128。黏著層204可為導電薄膜黏著劑或均等物,其約兩毫米厚。舉例而言,黏著劑204可為Ablestick製造型號為CF3350之導電薄膜。印刷線路板102可由Rogers製造,可約為0.008英吋厚,例如型號R4003,且可包含具有1/2盎司銅之介電質在印刷線路板102側邊上。散熱器128可約20毫米厚,由UNS製造,型號C11000,具有30-50微英吋軟金於100-200微英吋無電鍍鎳板之退火銅。當蓋子142裝設到印刷線路板102時,在蓋子142或印刷線路板102上之對準梢可與對應的孔對準,以確保蓋子142及印刷線路板102彼此適當地對準。各種接地介層108在印刷線路板102表面的周圍,以界定射頻範圍。在印刷線路板102上由銅製成之背側線跡,可將射頻訊號互連到電源。
參考圖14,蓋子142之底透視圖顯示對準梢206。對準梢206可與印刷線路板102上之對應孔對準,以確保在組裝時蓋子142適當地對準印刷線路板102。
參考圖15,顯示沒有蓋子142附接到封裝100之封裝100的透視圖。對準孔208顯示在印刷線路板102之頂表面。對準孔208可與蓋子142的對應對準梢206對準,如圖14所示。圖15所示之印刷線路板102亦顯示附接到印刷線路板102頂表面之SMT組件202。
參考圖16,顯示完整組裝的封裝100之底透視圖,顯示散熱器128之平底表面。散熱器128包含多個開口,暴露封裝100其他組件的各種區域。舉例而言,顯示波導轉移130之波導開口,提供射頻波之波導通道。散熱器128中之額外開口暴露電接觸墊,或介層,例如引腳160。引腳160可被填充或保護、絕緣、及/或密封,以在鋸開或單個化封裝100與其他封裝100時,保護引腳的連接性。亦即,當封裝100彼此鋸開時,碎片可能形成於散熱器128暴露的空間,且在電接觸或引腳160上,因而在組裝封裝100與其他裝置時,使引腳160無法與相應的電組件建立可靠的電連接。接地介層108透過散熱器128之開口類似地暴露出。類似引腳160,接地介層108可能需要被密封,且可能以形成在印刷線路板102與散熱器128間之黏著層204,或形成於印刷線路板102與蓋子142間之黏著層密封。
參考圖17,顯示並說明多個封裝100之***面板組裝件210之上透視圖。面板組裝件包含個別蓋子142之面板或陣列212、個別印刷線路板102之面板或陣列214、個別黏著層204之面板或陣列216、以及個別散熱器128之面板或陣列218。於組裝期間,各面板或陣列212、214、216、及/或218放置於各鄰近面板或陣列之頂上,例如圖17所示。各種基準點,例如對準梢206及/或對準孔208可放置在於此所述之任何面板或陣列,以確保形成個別封裝100之各個別組件適當地對準並附接到鄰近組件。這些基準點有助於確保各封裝100成功地組裝,且在組裝後可作用。舉例而言,後續可單個化或分離之結合蓋子142之面板或陣列212,可包含遮蔽在蓋子陣列212下側之導電黏著劑。然後蓋子陣列212可定位並牢接在印刷線路板面板或陣列214之頂部。然後可於層疊製程熟化接合的蓋子陣列212及印刷電路板陣列214,以確保平坦性,並完成整個陣列212及214的接合。在形成完成的面板組裝件210時,類似程序可發生在各陣列或面板。
於上已說明關於特定實施例之益處、其他優點、以及解決方案。然而,這些益處、其他優點、問題的解決方案、以及其他可造成任何益處、優點、或解決方案發生或更鮮明之元素,並不認為是任何或所有申請專利範圍之關鍵的、必須的、或重要的特徵或元件。於此所用之術語「包含」、「包括」、或其任何其他變化,意欲涵蓋非排他的包含,使得包含一系列元件之程序、方法、製成品、或裝置不僅僅包含這些元件,而可包含並未清楚列出之其他元件或此類程序、方法、製成品、或裝置隱含之其他元件。再者,除非有特別說明為「重要的」、「關鍵的」,否則於此所述之元件並非實施本發明所必要的。
100...毫米波導封裝
101...匹配封裝
102...印刷線路板
104...單石微波積體電路
106...空間
108...介層
110...匹配介層
112...孔
114...波導介面
116...射頻輸出
118...射頻輸入
120...輸入/輸出埠
122...射頻探針
124...訊號通訊結構
126...線跡
128...散熱器
130...波導空間
132...開口
134...開口
136...孔
138...開口
140...基座
142...蓋子
144...SMT連接器
146...波導回短
148...波導開口
150...SMT連接器
152...導線架
154...訊號通訊路徑
156...中央區段
158...步階
160...引腳
162...開口
164...支撐結構
166...陣列或面板
168...打孔分離片
170...工具孔
202...SMT組件
204...黏著層
206...對準梢
208...對準孔
210...面板組裝件
212...蓋子面板或陣列
214...印刷線路板面板或陣列
216...黏著層面板或陣列
218...散熱器面板或陣列
參考以下詳細說明及申請專利範圍並配合伴隨圖式,可更加暸解本發明,於圖式中類似的參考符號表示類似的元件,且其中:
圖1為移除射頻蓋之毫米波封裝範例之上視圖;
圖2為毫米波封裝範例之底視圖;
圖3為毫米波封裝範例之截面側視圖;
圖4為移除射頻蓋之毫米波封裝另一範例之上視圖;
圖5為毫米波封裝另一範例之底視圖;
圖6為毫米波封裝另一範例之截面側視圖;
圖7為毫米波封裝又一範例之底視圖;
圖8為毫米波封裝範例之截面側視圖;
圖9為毫米波封裝另一範例之底視圖;
圖10為毫米波封裝又一範例之截面側視圖;
圖11為面板形式之多個毫米波封裝範例之底視圖;
圖12為製造毫米波封裝之方法範例之流程圖;
圖13為毫米波封裝另一範例之***透視圖;
圖14為毫米波封裝蓋範例之底透視圖;
圖15為沒有蓋子附接之毫米波封裝範例之透視圖;
圖16為毫米波封裝範例之底透視圖;以及
圖17為多個毫米波封裝組件面板範例之***透視圖。
100...毫米波導封裝
102...印刷線路板
104...單石微波積體電路
106...空間
108...介層
110...匹配介層
112...孔
114...波導介面
116...射頻輸出
118...射頻輸入
120...輸入/輸出埠
122...射頻探針
124...訊號通訊結構
126...線跡

Claims (21)

  1. 一種毫米波積體波導介面封裝裝置,包含:一封裝,包含一印刷線路板(PWB)以及一單石微波積體電路(MMIC),其中該單石微波積體電路與該印刷線路板通訊;一波導介面,整合於該封裝:一散熱器,附接到該印刷線路板;以及一第一和一第二引腳於該印刷線路板上,其中該散熱器包括一第一及一第二截口(cutoff)位於該封裝裝置的一第一側上,其中該第一及該第二截口分別位於顯露出對應的該第一和該第二引腳的位置。
  2. 如請求項1所述之裝置,其中該封裝裝置用以在大於約5GHz之頻率以及大於約0.5W之功率下操作。
  3. 如請求項1所述之裝置,其中該散熱器為附接到該印刷線路板的一第一側,其中該單石微波積體電路與該印刷線路板的一第二側電性連接,且其中該第二側係對向於該第一側。
  4. 如請求項3所述之裝置,其中該單石微波積體電路接觸該散熱器,且其中該單石微波積體電路藉由打線連接(wire bonds)而與該印刷線路板電性連接。
  5. 如請求項1所述之裝置,更包含:一組件,裝設於該印刷線路板;其中該散熱器為連接到該印刷線路板的一第一側,其中該單石微波積體電路連接該散熱器且其中該單石微波積體電路連接該印刷線路板的一第二側。
  6. 如請求項1所述之裝置,其中該散熱器連接該印刷線路板之一第一表面,其中該第一與第二引腳皆位於該印刷線路之該第一表面,其中該第一與第二開口分別結合(associated with)該第一與第二引腳,且其中該第一與第二引腳用以無焊連接至下一個較高組裝層次(higher assembly level)。
  7. 如請求項2所述之裝置,其中該單石微波積體電路接觸該散熱器,且該單石微波積體電路藉由打線連接(wire bonds)而與該印刷線路板電性連接。
  8. 如請求項1所述之裝置,其中該單石微波積體電路包含一射頻(RF)輸出,且其中該裝置更包含一射頻探針於該波導介面,且與該單石微波積體電路之該射頻輸出通訊。
  9. 如請求項8所述之裝置,其中該單石微波積體電路包含一射頻輸入,且其中該裝置更包含一介層及一線跡與該介層及該射頻輸入通訊。
  10. 如請求項9所述之裝置,其中該印刷線路板形成一空間,且其中該單石微波積體電路駐設於該印刷線路板形成之該空間內。
  11. 如請求項10所述之裝置,其中該印刷線路板包含有多個孔,以及該散熱器包含與該印刷線路板之該多個孔位置對應的多個孔。
  12. 如請求項11所述之裝置,更包含多個匹配介層於該印刷線路板上,以及一開口形成於該散熱器內以與該印刷線路板之該匹配介層位置對應。
  13. 如請求項12所述之裝置,其中該連接介面包含一頭座連接器以及一母連接器,其中該母連接器用以卡合該頭座連接器。
  14. 如請求項12所述之裝置,其中該連接介面包含一導線架,該連接介面包含一引腳連接,且該引腳連接包含至少一無焊彈簧負載引腳。
  15. 一種毫米波積體波導介面封裝裝置,包含:一單石微波積體電路(MMIC);一印刷線路板(PWB),其中該印刷線路板包含一單石微波積體電路開口,且其中該印刷線路板包含一波導介面開口;一散熱器,附接到該印刷線路板之一側,其中該單石微波積體電路與該散熱器熱通訊且位於該印刷線路板之該單石微波積體電路開口內,且其中該單石微波積體電路與該印刷線路板電通訊;一射頻(RF)探針,接觸該印刷線路板,其中該射頻探針電連接該單石微波積體電路之一輸出,且其中該射頻探針向外延伸於該波導介面開口上以便用以發射一射頻訊號穿過該該波導介面開口;以及一射頻蓋,其中該射頻蓋附接到該印刷線路板之一第一側,其中該第一側相對於該印刷線路板附接到該散熱器之該側,且其中該射頻蓋包含一波導回短,該波導回短位於該波導介面開口上方。
  16. 如請求項15所述之裝置,其中該單石微波積體電路與該印刷線路板之一第一側電性連接,該第一側相對於該印刷線路板附接到該散熱器之該側。
  17. 一種毫米波積體波導介面封裝裝置,包含:一單石微波積體電路(MMIC);一印刷線路板(PWB),其中該印刷線路板包含一單石微波積體電路開口,且其中該印刷線路板包含一波導介面開口;一散熱器,附接到該印刷線路板之一側,其中該單石微波積體電路與該散熱器熱通訊且位於該印刷線路板之該單石微波積體電路開口內,且其中該單石微波積體電路與該印刷線路板電通訊;一射頻(RF)探針,接觸該印刷線路板,其中該射頻探針電連接該單石微波積體電路之一輸出,且其中該射頻探針向外延伸於該波導介面開口上以便用以發射一射頻訊號穿過該該波導介面開口;一第一引腳與一第二引腳,其中該第一與第二引腳皆位於該印刷線路之該第一表面,且其中該散熱器也附接到該印刷線路板之該第一表面;一第一開口,位於該散熱器內;以及一第二開口,位於該散熱器內,其中該第一與第二開口分別結合(associated with)該第一與第二引腳,且其中該第一與第二引腳用以無焊連接至下一個較高組裝層次(higher assembly level)。
  18. 如請求項17所述之裝置,其中該裝置係用以在一高頻率及一高功率下操作,其中該高頻率大於約5GHz以及該高功率大於約0.5W。
  19. 一種毫米波積體波導介面封裝裝置,包含:一封裝,包含一印刷線路板(PWB)以及一單石微波積體電路(MMIC),其中該單石微波積體電路與該印刷線路板通訊; 一第一和一第二引腳於該印刷線路板上,其中該第一和該第二引腳係用以無焊連接至下一個較高組裝層次;一波導介面,整合於該封裝:一散熱器,其中該散熱器附接到該印刷線路板的一第一側,其中該單石微波積體電路與該印刷線路板的一第二側電性連接,且其中該第二側係對向於該第一側;其中該裝置係用以在一高頻率及一高功率下操作,其中該高頻率大於約5GHz以及該高功率大於約0.5W;以及其中該單石微波積體電路包含一射頻(RF)輸出,且其中該裝置更包含一射頻探針於該波導介面,且與該單石微波積體電路之該射頻輸出通訊。
  20. 如請求項19所述之裝置,其中位於該下一個更高的組裝階層及該該第一和該第二引腳之間的無焊連接係由一彈簧連接器所構成。
  21. 一種毫米波積體波導介面封裝裝置,包含:一封裝,包含一印刷線路板(PWB)以及一單石微波積體電路(MMIC),其中該單石微波積體電路與該印刷線路板通訊;一散熱器,附接到該印刷線路板,其中該單石微波積體電路接觸該散熱器,且該單石微波積體電路藉由打線連接(wire bonds)而與該印刷線路板電性連接;一波導介面,整合於該封裝:一第一和一第二引腳於該印刷線路板上,其中該散熱器包括一第一及一第二截口(cutoff)位於該封裝裝置的一第一側上,其中該第一及該第二截口分別位於顯露出對應的該第一和該第二引腳的位置;其中該裝置係用以在一高頻率及一高功率下操作,其中該高頻率大於約5GHz以及該高功率大於約0.5W;以及 其中該散熱器係附接到該印刷線路板的一第一側,其中該單石微波積體電路與該印刷線路板的一第二側電性連接,且其中該第二側係對向於該第一側。
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