TWI492476B - Non-contact power supply - Google Patents
Non-contact power supply Download PDFInfo
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- TWI492476B TWI492476B TW102103478A TW102103478A TWI492476B TW I492476 B TWI492476 B TW I492476B TW 102103478 A TW102103478 A TW 102103478A TW 102103478 A TW102103478 A TW 102103478A TW I492476 B TWI492476 B TW I492476B
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- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 95
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009351 contact transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
- H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/90—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
- H02J7/00034—Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Description
本發明是有關將給電變壓器使用至電動汽車等車輛或工廠的搬送裝置的電源裝置、電動工具、或電視或電腦等的固定型機器或行動電話等的行動機器等以電能作為動力源的機器，以非接觸來傳送電力之非接觸給電裝置。The present invention relates to a power source device, a power tool, a stationary device such as a television or a computer, or a mobile device such as a mobile phone, which is used as a power source for a power transmission device, such as a vehicle or a factory, such as an electric vehicle, and the like. A non-contact power feeding device that transmits power in a non-contact manner.
近年來，作為用以充電例如電動汽車的二次電池之充電裝置，有在進行充電時不需要插頭及電源的連接，在設置於地上側的給電側電路的送電線圈與設置於車輛的受電側電路的受電線圈之間以非接觸傳送電力而進行充電的非接觸給電裝置。In recent years, as a charging device for charging a secondary battery such as an electric vehicle, there is no need to connect a plug and a power source when charging, and a power transmitting coil provided on a power supply side circuit on the ground side and a power receiving side provided on the vehicle. A non-contact power supply device that charges power between the power receiving coils of the circuit by non-contact transmission of electric power.
但，就對電動汽車等車輛供給電力的非接觸給電裝置而言，送電線圈與受電線圈間的相對位置未必一定，因此送電線圈與受電線圈間的結合狀態會隨相對位置的變化而變化。However, in a non-contact power feeding device that supplies electric power to a vehicle such as an electric vehicle, the relative position between the power transmitting coil and the power receiving coil is not necessarily constant, and thus the coupling state between the power transmitting coil and the power receiving coil changes with the change in the relative position.
在專利文獻1及專利文獻2是揭示：在非接觸給電裝置中，具有對負荷供給電力的給電模式、及使從給電側電 路往送電線圈供給的高頻電力的頻率變化而來探索共振電路的頻率特性的掃描模式，藉由掃描模式來檢測出對應於送電線圈與受電線圈的結合狀態之最適的頻率，藉此謀求非接觸給電裝置的高效率化之技術。Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 disclose that in a non-contact power supply device, a power supply mode for supplying power to a load and a power supply side are provided. A scanning mode in which the frequency of the high-frequency power supplied to the power transmitting coil is changed to find the frequency characteristic of the resonant circuit, and an optimum frequency corresponding to the combined state of the power transmitting coil and the power receiving coil is detected by the scanning mode, thereby achieving a non- A technology that is highly efficient in contacting a power supply device.
[專利文獻1]特開2010-166693號公報[Patent Document 1] JP-A-2010-166693
[專利文獻2]特開2010-233442號公報[Patent Document 2] JP-A-2010-233442
然而，在對電動汽車等車輛或工廠的搬送裝置的電源裝置、電動工具或電視或電腦等的固定型機器或行動電話等的行動機器等供給電力的非接觸給電裝置中，一旦送電線圈與受電線圈間的結合狀態變化，則從給電側電路供給的電力的功率因素會降低。藉此，相對於從給電側電路供給的電力，往受電側電路傳送的電力的效率會降低，有無法進行有效率的充電動作之課題。However, in a non-contact power supply device that supplies electric power to a power supply device such as a power transmission device of a vehicle or a factory such as an electric vehicle, a power tool, a stationary device such as a television or a computer, or an mobile device such as a mobile phone, once the power transmission coil and the power receiving device are received, When the combined state between the coils changes, the power factor of the electric power supplied from the power supply side circuit is lowered. As a result, the efficiency of the electric power transmitted to the power receiving side circuit with respect to the electric power supplied from the power supply side circuit is lowered, and there is a problem that an efficient charging operation cannot be performed.
並且，在專利文獻1及專利文獻2中，有關相較於給電模式時，使掃描模式時的電力相較於給電模式時小電力化的技術未有任何的揭示，有非接觸給電裝置的耗費電力變大的課題。Further, in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, there is no disclosure about the technique of making the power in the scan mode smaller than that in the power-on mode when compared to the power-on mode, and the cost of the non-contact power supply device is not disclosed. The problem of increasing power.
本發明是有鑑於前述課題而研發者，其目的 是在於提供一種在非接觸給電裝置中，降低掃描模式時的耗費電力之非接觸給電裝置。The present invention has been developed in view of the above problems, and its purpose is It is to provide a non-contact power feeding device that consumes power when the scanning mode is lowered in the non-contact power feeding device.
為了解決前述的課題，達成本發明的目的，而如以下般構成。In order to solve the above problems, the object of the present invention is achieved, and it is configured as follows.
亦即，本發明的非接觸給電裝置係具備：第1卷線；及第1電路，其係生成第1直流電壓，具有降壓機能；第2電路，其係被連接至前述第1電路，輸入前述第1直流電壓，輸出交流電壓，而對前述第1卷線供給電力；及電流檢測手段，其係檢測出前述第2電路的輸出電流，以非接觸來傳送電力至受電側電路，該受電側電路係具備：與前述第1卷線磁氣性地結合的第2卷線、及輸入前述第2卷線的電力，輸出第2直流電壓，而往負荷供給電力的第3電路，其特徵係具有：給電模式，其係該非接觸給電裝置往前述負荷供給電力；及掃描模式，其係使前述交流電壓的頻率變化，而藉由前述電流檢測手段來探索前述第2電路的輸出電流的頻率特性， 在以前述掃描模式來動作的期間，和以前述給電模式來動作的期間作比較，將前述第1直流電壓及前述第2直流電壓設為低的值。That is, the non-contact power feeding device of the present invention includes: a first winding; and a first circuit that generates a first DC voltage and has a step-down function; and a second circuit that is connected to the first circuit, Inputting the first DC voltage, outputting an AC voltage, and supplying electric power to the first winding; and current detecting means detecting an output current of the second circuit and transmitting power to the power receiving side circuit in a non-contact manner; The power receiving side circuit includes a second winding that magnetically couples with the first winding, and a third circuit that supplies electric power to the second winding and outputs a second DC voltage to supply electric power to the load. The characteristic system includes: a power feeding mode in which the non-contact power feeding device supplies power to the load; and a scanning mode in which a frequency of the alternating current voltage is changed, and the current detecting means searches for an output current of the second circuit Frequency characteristics, While the operation is performed in the scanning mode, the first DC voltage and the second DC voltage are set to a low value in comparison with a period in which the operation is performed in the power supply mode.
並且，其他的手段是在用以實施發明的形態中說明。Further, other means are described in the form for carrying out the invention.
以上，若根據本發明，則在非接觸給電裝置中，可提供一種降低掃描模式時的耗費電力之非接觸給電裝置。As described above, according to the present invention, in the non-contact power feeding device, it is possible to provide a non-contact power feeding device that reduces power consumption in the scanning mode.
1、101、201、301、401‧‧‧非接觸給電裝置1, 101, 201, 301, 401‧‧‧ non-contact power supply devices
2、102、202、302‧‧‧給電側電路2, 102, 202, 302‧‧‧ power supply side circuit
3、103、203、303‧‧‧受電側電路3, 103, 203, 303‧‧‧ power receiving side circuit
4、104、204、304、404‧‧‧直流電壓生成電路、直流電壓生成手段、第1電路4, 104, 204, 304, 404‧‧‧ DC voltage generating circuit, DC voltage generating means, first circuit
5、105、205、305、405‧‧‧交流電壓生成電路、交流電壓生成手段、第2電路5, 105, 205, 305, 405‧‧‧ AC voltage generating circuit, AC voltage generating means, and second circuit
6、106、206、306、406‧‧‧充電二次電路、第3電路6, 106, 206, 306, 406‧‧‧Charging secondary circuit, third circuit
7、107、407‧‧‧電源、交流電源7, 107, 407‧‧‧Power supply, AC power supply
8、408‧‧‧二次電池8, 408‧‧‧ secondary battery
11、111、211、311、411‧‧‧控制手段、第1控制手段11, 111, 211, 311, 411‧‧‧ control means, first control means
12、112、212、312、412‧‧‧控制手段、第2控制手段12, 112, 212, 312, 412‧‧‧ control means, second control means
13、14‧‧‧通訊手段、通訊機13, 14‧‧‧Communication means, communication machine
21、22、24、26、28‧‧‧電壓感測器、電壓檢測手段21, 22, 24, 26, 28‧‧‧ voltage sensor, voltage detection means
23、25、27‧‧‧電流感測器、電流檢測手段23, 25, 27‧‧‧ current sensor, current detection means
309‧‧‧定電壓電路309‧‧‧ constant voltage circuit
400‧‧‧車輛400‧‧‧ Vehicles
421‧‧‧反相器421‧‧‧Inverter
422‧‧‧馬達422‧‧‧Motor
C10、C21‧‧‧平滑電容器C10, C21‧‧‧ smoothing capacitor
C11‧‧‧直流鏈電容器C11‧‧‧DC chain capacitor
Cr11~Cr14、Cr21、Cr22‧‧‧共振電容器Cr11~Cr14, Cr21, Cr22‧‧‧ resonant capacitor
D1~D6‧‧‧二極體D1~D6‧‧‧ diode
D10、D211‧‧‧昇壓二極體D10, D211‧‧‧Boost diode
D11~D14、D21~D24‧‧‧整流二極體D11~D14, D21~D24‧‧‧ Rectifier
D20、D210‧‧‧降壓二極體D20, D210‧‧‧Bucking diode
D30‧‧‧曾納二極體、二極體、定電壓電路D30‧‧‧ Zener diode, diode, constant voltage circuit
L1‧‧‧昇壓電感線圈L1‧‧‧Boost Inductor Coil
L2‧‧‧降壓電感線圈L2‧‧‧Buck Inductor Coil
L3‧‧‧平滑電感線圈L3‧‧‧Smooth Inductor Coil
Lr1‧‧‧共振電感線圈Lr1‧‧‧Resonance Inductor Coil
N1‧‧‧卷線、第1卷線N1‧‧‧winding, first winding
N2‧‧‧卷線、第2卷線N2‧‧‧winding, second winding
Q1~Q6‧‧‧開關元件Q1~Q6‧‧‧Switching elements
S1、S201‧‧‧昇壓開關元件、昇壓開關S1, S201‧‧‧Boost switching components, boost switch
S2、S202‧‧‧降壓開關元件、降壓開關S2, S202‧‧‧ buck switching components, buck switches
SW1、SW11、SW21、SW31‧‧‧開關(第1開關)SW1, SW11, SW21, SW31‧‧‧ switch (first switch)
SW32‧‧‧開關(第2開關)SW32‧‧‧ switch (2nd switch)
T1‧‧‧給電變壓器T1‧‧‧Power transformer
圖1是表示本發明的非接觸給電裝置的第1實施形態的概略的電路構成圖。Fig. 1 is a circuit configuration diagram showing an outline of a first embodiment of a non-contact power feeding device according to the present invention.
圖2是表示本發明的非接觸給電裝置的第1實施形態的充電動作的邏輯的流程圖。Fig. 2 is a flowchart showing the logic of the charging operation in the first embodiment of the non-contact power feeding device of the present invention.
圖3是表示本發明的非接觸給電裝置的第1實施形態的掃描模式的頻率探索的非接觸給電裝置的全體的動作的流程圖。FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the overall operation of the non-contact power feeding device for the frequency search in the scan mode according to the first embodiment of the non-contact power feeding device of the present invention.
圖4是表示本發明的非接觸給電裝置的第1實施形態的掃描模式的頻率探索的交流電壓生成電路的動作邏輯的詳細的流程圖。4 is a flowchart showing the details of the operation logic of the AC voltage generating circuit for frequency search in the scan mode according to the first embodiment of the non-contact power feeding device of the present invention.
圖5是表示本發明的非接觸給電裝置的第1實施形態的掃描模式的頻率探索的直流電壓生成電路的動作邏輯的 詳細的流程圖。5 is an operation logic of a DC voltage generating circuit for frequency search in the scan mode according to the first embodiment of the non-contact power feeding device of the present invention. Detailed flow chart.
圖6是表示本發明的非接觸給電裝置的第1實施形態的Kv為一定的掃描模式的交流電壓生成電路的頻率、電壓的特性的圖，初期頻率Fs比終了頻率Fe更高的情況。FIG. 6 is a view showing the characteristics of the frequency and voltage of the AC voltage generating circuit in which the Kv of the first embodiment of the non-contact power feeding device according to the first embodiment of the present invention is constant, and the initial frequency Fs is higher than the final frequency Fe.
圖7是表示本發明的非接觸給電裝置的第1實施形態的Kv為一定的掃描模式的交流電壓生成電路的頻率、電壓的特性的圖，初期頻率Fs比終了頻率Fe更低的情況。FIG. 7 is a view showing characteristics of frequency and voltage of an AC voltage generating circuit in which the Kv of the first embodiment of the non-contact power feeding device according to the first embodiment of the present invention is constant, and the initial frequency Fs is lower than the final frequency Fe.
圖8是表示本發明的非接觸給電裝置的第1實施形態的2個以上的電壓比Kv條件的掃描模式的交流電壓生成電路的頻率、電壓的特性的圖，初期頻率Fs比終了頻率Fe更高的情況。FIG. 8 is a view showing characteristics of frequency and voltage of an AC voltage generating circuit in a scanning mode of two or more voltage ratios Kv conditions according to the first embodiment of the non-contact power feeding device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The initial frequency Fs is higher than the final frequency Fe. High situation.
圖9是表示本發明的非接觸給電裝置的第1實施形態的2個以上的電壓比Kv條件的掃描模式的交流電壓生成電路的頻率、電壓的特性的圖，第2次的初期頻率Fs比終了頻率Fe更低的情況。FIG. 9 is a view showing characteristics of frequency and voltage of an AC voltage generating circuit in a scanning mode of two or more voltage ratios Kv conditions according to the first embodiment of the non-contact power feeding device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and a second initial frequency Fs ratio. At the end of the situation, the frequency of Fe is lower.
圖10是表示本發明的非接觸給電裝置的第2實施形態的電路構成的圖。Fig. 10 is a view showing a circuit configuration of a second embodiment of the non-contact power feeding device of the present invention.
圖11是表示本發明的非接觸給電裝置的第3實施形態的電路構成的圖。Fig. 11 is a view showing a circuit configuration of a third embodiment of the non-contact power feeding device of the present invention.
圖12是表示本發明的非接觸給電裝置的第4實施形態的電路構成的圖。Fig. 12 is a view showing a circuit configuration of a fourth embodiment of the non-contact power feeding device of the present invention.
圖13是表示本發明的非接觸給電裝置的第4實施形態的掃描模式的頻率探索的非接觸給電裝置的全體的動作的流程圖。FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing the overall operation of the non-contact power feeding device for searching for the frequency of the scanning mode in the fourth embodiment of the non-contact power feeding device according to the present invention.
圖14是表示本發明的非接觸給電裝置的第4實施形態的掃描模式的頻率探索的交流電壓生成電路的動作邏輯的詳細的流程圖。FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing the details of the operation logic of the AC voltage generating circuit for the frequency search in the scan mode according to the fourth embodiment of the non-contact power feeding device of the present invention.
圖15是有關本發明的非接觸給電裝置的第4實施形態的掃描模式的頻率探索的直流電壓生成電路的動作邏輯的流程圖。Fig. 15 is a flowchart showing the operational logic of the DC voltage generating circuit for frequency search in the scanning mode according to the fourth embodiment of the non-contact power transmitting device of the present invention.
圖16是表示在本發明的非接觸給電裝置的受電側具備定電壓電路的第4實施形態的掃描模式的交流電壓生成手段的頻率、電壓的特性的圖。FIG. 16 is a view showing characteristics of frequency and voltage of the alternating current voltage generating means in the scanning mode of the fourth embodiment in which the constant voltage circuit is provided on the power receiving side of the non-contact power receiving device of the present invention.
圖17是表示在本發明的非接觸給電裝置的受電側具備定電壓電路的第4實施形態的2個以上的電壓比Kv條件的掃描模式的交流電壓生成手段的頻率、電壓的特性的圖。FIG. 17 is a view showing characteristics of frequency and voltage of an alternating current voltage generating means of a scanning mode in which two or more voltage ratios Kv of the fourth embodiment of the constant voltage circuit are provided on the power receiving side of the non-contact power supply device of the present invention.
圖18是表示採用本發明的非接觸給電裝置的實施形態的電動汽車的電源系統的概要的構成的圖。FIG. 18 is a view showing a schematic configuration of a power supply system of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the non-contact power feeding device of the present invention.
以下，說明有關本發明的非接觸給電裝置的實施形態。Hereinafter, an embodiment of the non-contact power feeding device according to the present invention will be described.
參照圖1~圖9來說明本發明的第1實施形態。A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. 1 to 9 .
圖1是表示本發明的第1實施形態的非接觸給電裝置1的概略的電路構成圖。另外，以電動汽車的非接觸給電 系統時為例說明，但亦可應用在工具、家電。1 is a schematic circuit configuration diagram of a non-contact power feeding device 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In addition, the non-contact power supply of electric vehicles The system is described as an example, but it can also be applied to tools and home appliances.
非接觸給電裝置1是以連接於電源7與二次電池8之間的給電側電路2及受電側電路3所構成。藉由給電側電路2的卷線N1及受電側電路3的卷線N2所構成的給電變壓器T1的磁氣性結合來從給電側電路2往受電側電路3以非接觸供給電力。The non-contact power supply device 1 is composed of a power supply side circuit 2 and a power receiving side circuit 3 connected between the power source 7 and the secondary battery 8. Power is supplied from the power supply side circuit 2 to the power receiving side circuit 3 in a non-contact manner by the magnetic gas combination of the power supply transformer T1 including the winding N1 of the power supply side circuit 2 and the winding line N2 of the power receiving side circuit 3.
電動汽車的非接觸給電系統時，給電側電路2是被配置於地上側。受電側電路3是被設於電動汽車側。In the non-contact power feeding system of the electric vehicle, the power feeding side circuit 2 is disposed on the ground side. The power receiving side circuit 3 is provided on the electric vehicle side.
並且，給電側電路2是藉由通訊手段13、14或未圖示的別的感測器來進行設於電動汽車側的受電側電路3的檢測(車輛檢測)。Further, the power supply side circuit 2 performs detection (vehicle detection) of the power receiving side circuit 3 provided on the electric vehicle side by the communication means 13, 14 or another sensor (not shown).
給電側電路2是具備：直流電壓生成電路4(第1電路、直流電壓生成手段)、電壓檢測手段21(電壓感測器)、交流電壓生成電路5(第2電路、交流電壓生成手段)、共振電容器Cr11、卷線N1(第1卷線)、電壓檢測手段22(電壓感測器)、電流檢測手段23(電流感測器)、控制手段11(第1控制手段)及通訊手段13。The power supply side circuit 2 includes a DC voltage generating circuit 4 (first circuit, DC voltage generating means), a voltage detecting means 21 (voltage sensor), an AC voltage generating circuit 5 (second circuit, AC voltage generating means), Resonance capacitor Cr11, winding wire N1 (first winding), voltage detecting means 22 (voltage sensor), current detecting means 23 (current sensor), control means 11 (first control means), and communication means 13.
另外，直流電壓生成電路4是輸入電源7的電力而輸出直流的鏈電壓(直流鏈電壓)。Further, the DC voltage generating circuit 4 is a chain voltage (DC link voltage) that outputs DC power by inputting power of the power source 7.
電壓檢測手段21是檢測出直流電壓生成電路4的輸 出電壓的直流鏈電壓Vdc，且將該資訊傳達至控制手段11。The voltage detecting means 21 detects the input of the DC voltage generating circuit 4. The DC link voltage Vdc of the voltage is discharged, and the information is transmitted to the control means 11.
交流電壓生成電路5是輸入直流電壓生成電路4的輸出電壓的直流鏈電壓，輸出任意的頻率fsw的交流電壓，且往卷線N1供給高頻電力。The AC voltage generating circuit 5 is a DC link voltage that inputs an output voltage of the DC voltage generating circuit 4, outputs an AC voltage of an arbitrary frequency fsw, and supplies high frequency power to the winding N1.
共振電容器Cr11是與卷線N1形成LC共振電路，補償卷線N1的漏電感，且使交流電壓生成電路5的輸出電流的功率因素接近1。The resonant capacitor Cr11 forms an LC resonant circuit with the winding N1, compensates for the leakage inductance of the winding N1, and brings the power factor of the output current of the alternating current voltage generating circuit 5 close to one.
卷線N1是與後記的受電側電路3的卷線N2磁氣性地結合，藉此以非接觸來往卷線N2供給電力。The winding wire N1 is magnetically coupled to the winding wire N2 of the power receiving-side circuit 3 which will be described later, whereby electric power is supplied to the winding wire N2 in a non-contact manner.
電壓檢測手段22是檢測出交流電壓生成電路5的輸出電壓，且將該資訊傳達至控制手段11。The voltage detecting means 22 detects the output voltage of the alternating current voltage generating circuit 5 and transmits the information to the control means 11.
電流檢測手段23是檢測出從交流電壓生成電路5輸出的共振電流，且將該資訊傳達至控制手段11。The current detecting means 23 detects the resonance current output from the alternating current voltage generating circuit 5 and transmits the information to the control means 11.
控制手段11是分別控制直流電壓生成電路4及交流電壓生成電路5。藉由此控制，直流鏈電壓Vdc及交流電壓的頻率fsw會分別被控制成任意的值。The control means 11 controls the DC voltage generating circuit 4 and the AC voltage generating circuit 5, respectively. By this control, the DC link voltage Vdc and the frequency fsw of the AC voltage are controlled to arbitrary values, respectively.
通訊手段13是與後記的受電側電路3的通訊手段14進行通訊。藉由此通訊來交換有關給電側電路2及受電側電路3的非接觸給電的資訊。The communication means 13 communicates with the communication means 14 of the power receiving side circuit 3 which will be described later. By this communication, information on the non-contact power supply to the power supply side circuit 2 and the power receiving side circuit 3 is exchanged.
另一方面，受電側電路3是被搭載於車輛400(圖18)，具備卷線N2(第2卷線)、共振電容器Cr21、充 電二次電路6(第3電路)、平滑電容器C21、電壓檢測手段24、電流檢測手段25、控制手段12(第2控制手段)、開關SW1(第1開關)及通訊手段14。On the other hand, the power receiving side circuit 3 is mounted on the vehicle 400 (FIG. 18), and includes a winding wire N2 (second winding wire), a resonance capacitor Cr21, and a charging device. The electric secondary circuit 6 (third circuit), the smoothing capacitor C21, the voltage detecting means 24, the current detecting means 25, the control means 12 (second control means), the switch SW1 (first switch), and the communication means 14.
另外，卷線N2是藉由與卷線N1磁氣性地結合來從卷線N1以非接觸供給電力。Further, the winding wire N2 is magnetically coupled to the winding wire N1 to supply electric power from the winding wire N1 in a non-contact manner.
共振電容器Cr21是補償卷線N2的漏電感，提高給電變壓器T1間的傳送效率。The resonant capacitor Cr21 compensates for the leakage inductance of the winding wire N2 and improves the transmission efficiency between the power feeding transformers T1.
充電二次電路6是將卷線N2的交流電力變換成直流電力，經由平滑電容器C21來往二次電池8供給直流電力。The charging secondary circuit 6 converts the AC power of the winding N2 into DC power, and supplies the DC power to the secondary battery 8 via the smoothing capacitor C21.
平滑電容器C21是將包含充電二次電路6所整流後的高調波的直流電力予以積蓄、平滑，而往二次電池8供給質佳的直流電力。The smoothing capacitor C21 accumulates and smoothes the DC power including the high-modulation wave rectified by the charging secondary circuit 6, and supplies the DC power of the secondary battery 8 with good quality.
電壓檢測手段24是檢測出充電二次電路6的輸出電壓Vo，且將該資訊傳達至控制手段12。The voltage detecting means 24 detects the output voltage Vo of the secondary charging circuit 6, and transmits the information to the control means 12.
電流檢測手段25是檢測出充電二次電路6的輸出電流，且將該資訊傳達至控制手段12。The current detecting means 25 detects the output current of the charging secondary circuit 6, and transmits the information to the control means 12.
控制手段12是控制開關SW1的開閉。The control means 12 controls the opening and closing of the switch SW1.
開關SW1是開閉二次電池8與受電側電路3之間。開關SW1是像前述那樣藉由控制手段12來控制，從電源7往二次電池8供給電力的給電模式時以外是關閉，從二次電池8切離受電側電路3。The switch SW1 is between the open/close secondary battery 8 and the power receiving side circuit 3. The switch SW1 is controlled by the control means 12 as described above, and is turned off when the power supply mode is supplied from the power source 7 to the secondary battery 8, and the power receiving side circuit 3 is cut off from the secondary battery 8.
通訊手段14是與給電側電路2的通訊手段13進行通訊。藉由此通訊來交換有關給電側電路2與受電側電路3 的非接觸給電的資訊。The communication means 14 communicates with the communication means 13 of the power supply side circuit 2. By means of this communication, the power supply side circuit 2 and the power receiving side circuit 3 are exchanged. Non-contact power information.
另外，控制手段11與控制手段12是藉由通訊手段13及通訊手段14來以無線連接。Further, the control means 11 and the control means 12 are wirelessly connected by the communication means 13 and the communication means 14.
以下參照圖2來說明有關在以上那樣構成的非接觸給電裝置1中，從充電開始到充電終了為止的充電動作的概略。In the non-contact power feeding device 1 configured as described above, the charging operation from the start of charging to the end of charging will be described below with reference to FIG.
圖2是表示本發明的第1實施形態的非接觸給電裝置1的充電動作的邏輯的流程圖。並且，圖2的S1~S7是表示步驟1~步驟7。FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the logic of the charging operation of the non-contact power feeding device 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Further, S1 to S7 in Fig. 2 indicate steps 1 to 7.
非接觸給電系統1開始動作。The non-contact power supply system 1 starts to operate.
給電側電路2(圖1)是試著檢知受電側電路3(圖1)(車輛檢知)。至檢知為止是一邊持續檢知動作，一邊在該狀態下待機。The power supply side circuit 2 (FIG. 1) attempts to detect the power receiving side circuit 3 (FIG. 1) (vehicle detection). In the state of continuous detection, it is standby while in this state.
一旦在步驟2中檢知受電側電路3(S2：Yes)，則移往步驟3。Once the power receiving side circuit 3 is detected in step 2 (S2: Yes), the process moves to step 3.
並且，在步驟2中未檢知受電側電路3時(S2：No)是回到步驟2的起始，繼續試著檢知。When the power receiving side circuit 3 is not detected in step 2 (S2: No), the process returns to the start of step 2, and the test is continued.
在步驟3中，非接觸給電裝置1(圖1)是以使交流電壓生成電路(交流電壓生成手段)5(圖1)的頻率fsw變化來探索共振電流的頻率特性的掃描模式動作。有關掃描模式的動作的詳細後述。In step 3, the non-contact power supply device 1 (FIG. 1) is a scan mode operation for exploring the frequency characteristic of the resonance current by changing the frequency fsw of the AC voltage generating circuit (AC voltage generating means) 5 (FIG. 1). The details of the operation of the scan mode will be described later.
一旦掃描模式的動作完了，則移往步驟4。Once the scan mode action is complete, move to step 4.
在步驟4的給電模式是首先根據在掃描模式探索後的共振電流的頻率特性來決定使交流電壓生成電路5動作的頻率fsw0。In the power-on mode of step 4, first, the frequency fsw0 at which the AC voltage generating circuit 5 is operated is determined based on the frequency characteristic of the resonant current after the scanning mode is searched.
其次，開啟開關SW1(圖1)，連接二次電池8(圖1)與受電側電路3，從給電側電路2往受電側電路3以非接觸來供給電力而充電二次電池8。Then, the switch SW1 (FIG. 1) is turned on, and the secondary battery 8 (FIG. 1) and the power receiving side circuit 3 are connected, and the secondary battery 8 is charged by supplying power from the power supply side circuit 2 to the power receiving side circuit 3 without contact.
另外，在圖2中是將步驟4表記為「給電模式開始」。In addition, in FIG. 2, the step 4 is described as "start of power-on mode".
在步驟5中，檢知、判定是否充電完了。In step 5, it is detected and determined whether or not charging is completed.
在給電模式中，一旦控制手段12(圖1)檢知二次電池8的充電完了，則以使給電終了(S5：Yes)的方式，從控制手段12往控制手段11(圖1)傳送給電停止指令(移至步驟6)。In the power-on mode, once the control means 12 (FIG. 1) detects that the charging of the secondary battery 8 is completed, the control means 12 transfers the power from the control means 12 to the control means 11 (FIG. 1) in such a manner that the power supply is terminated (S5: Yes). Stop the instruction (go to step 6).
並且，在未檢知充電的完了時是不終了給電(S5： No)，回到步驟5的起始，繼續試著檢知是否充電完了。Moreover, when the completion of the charging is not detected, the power is not supplied (S5: No), return to the beginning of step 5 and continue to try to find out if charging is complete.
另外，在圖2中是將步驟5表記為「給電終了？」。In addition, in FIG. 2, the step 5 is described as "the end of power supply?".
在步驟6中，接受給電停止指令的控制手段11是使直流電壓生成電路(直流電壓生成手段)4(圖1)及交流電壓生成電路5的輸出停止(給電停止)。In step 6, the control means 11 that receives the power-on stop command stops the output of the DC voltage generating circuit (DC voltage generating means) 4 (FIG. 1) and the AC voltage generating circuit 5 (power-on stop).
在步驟7中，非接觸給電裝置1是終了充電動作。In step 7, the non-contact power feeding device 1 is the final charging operation.
如此，本實施形態的非接觸給電裝置1是在進行二次電池8的充電動作之前，可在掃描模式取得交流電壓生成電路5所輸出的共振電流的頻率特性。As described above, in the non-contact power feeding device 1 of the present embodiment, the frequency characteristic of the resonance current output from the AC voltage generating circuit 5 can be obtained in the scanning mode before the charging operation of the secondary battery 8 is performed.
藉此，在給電模式中藉由將交流電壓生成電路5的頻率fsw控制成二次電池8的充電狀態或對應於給電側電路2與受電側電路3的位置關係之最適的頻率fsw0，可從電源7往二次電池8有效率地充電。Thereby, by controlling the frequency fsw of the alternating current voltage generating circuit 5 to the charging state of the secondary battery 8 or the optimum frequency fsw0 corresponding to the positional relationship of the power feeding side circuit 2 and the power receiving side circuit 3 in the power feeding mode, it is possible to The power source 7 is efficiently charged to the secondary battery 8.
其次，參照圖3~7來說明有關掃描模式的詳細的動作。Next, detailed operations regarding the scan mode will be described with reference to Figs.
圖3~圖5是表示掃描模式的非接觸給電裝置1的動作邏輯的流程圖。3 to 5 are flowcharts showing the operational logic of the non-contact power feeding device 1 in the scanning mode.
圖6及圖7是表示掃描模式中的交流電壓生成電路5 的頻率fsw、輸出電壓Vo、直流鏈電壓Vdc之依時間Time的變化。另外，圖6、圖7的詳細說明後記。6 and 7 show the alternating current voltage generating circuit 5 in the scan mode. The frequency fsw, the output voltage Vo, and the DC link voltage Vdc vary according to the time Time. In addition, the detailed description of FIGS. 6 and 7 will be described later.
首先，參照圖3~圖5來說明有關掃描模式的動作邏輯。First, the operation logic regarding the scan mode will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5.
圖3是表示掃描模式的頻率探索的非接觸給電裝置1的全體的動作的流程圖。FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the overall operation of the non-contact power feeding device 1 for searching the frequency of the scanning mode.
並且，圖4是表示掃描模式的頻率探索的交流電壓生成電路5的動作邏輯的詳細的流程圖。4 is a detailed flowchart showing the operational logic of the AC voltage generating circuit 5 for frequency search in the scan mode.
並且，圖5是表示掃描模式的頻率探索的直流電壓生成電路4的動作邏輯的詳細的流程圖。FIG. 5 is a detailed flowchart showing the operation logic of the DC voltage generating circuit 4 for frequency search in the scan mode.
依序說明該等的流程圖。The flow charts of these are described in order.
圖3~圖5中的S100~S109、S200~S205、S300~S306是分別表示步驟100~步驟109、步驟200~步驟205、步驟300~步驟306。S100 to S109, S200 to S205, and S300 to S306 in FIGS. 3 to 5 indicate steps 100 to 109, steps 200 to 205, and steps 300 to 306, respectively.
首先，利用圖3來說明有關掃描模式的頻率探索的非接觸給電裝置的全體的流程的動作。First, the operation of the entire flow of the non-contact power feeding device regarding the frequency search of the scanning mode will be described with reference to FIG.
在步驟100中，一旦給電側電路2經由通訊手段13、14來從受電側電路3接受掃描模式開始指令，則開 始掃描模式。In step 100, once the power supply side circuit 2 receives the scan mode start command from the power receiving side circuit 3 via the communication means 13, 14, it is turned on. Start scan mode.
步驟101是在掃描模式中決定檢測出共振電流的頻率特性的頻率探索的次數Ns。頻率探索的次數Ns是依據給電模式時的充電方法而定。Step 101 is to determine the number Ns of frequency searches for detecting the frequency characteristic of the resonant current in the scan mode. The number of times of frequency exploration Ns is determined according to the charging method in the power-on mode.
例如，在給電模式中，以二次電池8的電壓與直流鏈電壓Vdc的電壓比Kv能夠形成一定的方式進行充電動作時，在掃描模式中進行頻率探索的電壓比Kv為1個，頻率探索的次數Ns為1次。For example, in the power-on mode, when the charging operation is performed in such a manner that the voltage ratio Kv of the secondary battery 8 and the DC link voltage Vdc can be formed in a constant manner, the voltage ratio Kv of the frequency search in the scanning mode is one, and the frequency is searched. The number of times Ns is 1 time.
另一方面，在給電模式中，不管二次電池8的電壓，將直流鏈電壓Vdc設為一定來充電二次電池8時，電壓比Kv會依二次電池8的充電狀態而變化。On the other hand, in the power-on mode, when the secondary battery 8 is charged with the DC link voltage Vdc being constant regardless of the voltage of the secondary battery 8, the voltage ratio Kv changes depending on the state of charge of the secondary battery 8.
因此，在將直流鏈電壓設為一定來進行充電動作時，需要針對複數的電壓比Kv來進行頻率探索。此複數的數量為頻率探索的次數Ns。Therefore, when the charging operation is performed by setting the DC link voltage constant, it is necessary to perform frequency search for the complex voltage ratio Kv. The number of this complex number is the number of times of frequency exploration Ns.
並且，其次，根據給電模式時的輸出電壓Vo及直流鏈電壓Vdc的關係來求取給電模式時的電壓比Kv。在此，電壓比Kv與輸出電壓Vo及直流鏈電壓Vdc的關係是以次式(1)來表示。Then, the voltage ratio Kv at the time of the power-on mode is obtained from the relationship between the output voltage Vo and the DC link voltage Vdc in the power-on mode. Here, the relationship between the voltage ratio Kv and the output voltage Vo and the DC link voltage Vdc is expressed by the following formula (1).
Kv=Vo/Vdc．．．式(1)Kv=Vo/Vdc. . . Formula 1)
另外，在步驟101進行以上的頻率探索的次數Ns的決定、及給電模式時的電壓比Kv的決定。在圖3是將步驟101表記為「掃描次數Ns的設定」。Further, in step 101, the determination of the number of times Ns of the above frequency search and the determination of the voltage ratio Kv in the power supply mode are performed. In Fig. 3, step 101 is expressed as "setting of the number of scans Ns".
然後，前進至步驟102。Then, proceed to step 102.
在步驟102是由在步驟101中求取的給電模式時的電壓比Kv來設定以掃描模式進行頻率探索時的電壓比指令值Kvref(Kvref=Kv)。In step 102, the voltage ratio command value Kvref (Kvref = Kv) when the frequency search is performed in the scan mode is set by the voltage ratio Kv in the power-on mode obtained in step 101.
然後，前進至步驟103。Then, proceed to step 103.
在步驟103中設定：開始頻率探索的直流鏈電壓的初期值Vdc1、及輸出電壓的初期值Vo1。In step 103, the initial value Vdc1 of the DC link voltage for starting the frequency search and the initial value Vo1 of the output voltage are set.
但，直流鏈電壓的初期值Vdc1是依電源7及直流電壓生成電路4的構成而可設定的電壓範圍被限制。因此，將直流鏈電壓的初期值Vo1設定成預定的值，輸出電壓的初期值Vo1是以能夠符合電壓比指令值Kvref的方式利用次式(2)來決定。此時，初期值Vo1、Vdc1是設定成比給電模式時的直流鏈電壓及輸出電壓更低的值。However, the initial value Vdc1 of the DC link voltage is limited by the configuration of the power source 7 and the DC voltage generating circuit 4. Therefore, the initial value Vo1 of the DC link voltage is set to a predetermined value, and the initial value Vo1 of the output voltage is determined by the following equation (2) so as to conform to the voltage ratio command value Kvref. At this time, the initial values Vo1 and Vdc1 are set to be lower than the DC link voltage and the output voltage in the power supply mode.
Vo1=Kvref×Vdc1．．．式(2)Vo1=Kvref×Vdc1. . . Formula (2)
然後，前進至步驟104。Then, proceed to step 104.
在步驟104，於掃描模式中，從所定的頻率範圍來設定開始頻率探索的初期頻率Fs及終了頻率探索的終了頻率Fe。將此頻率範圍稱為掃描頻率。In step 104, in the scan mode, the initial frequency Fs of the start frequency search and the final frequency Fe of the final frequency search are set from the predetermined frequency range. This frequency range is called the scan frequency.
掃描頻率是例如以不進入可聽頻率範圍的方式選擇，但並非限於此。例如，亦可將交流電壓生成電路5可動作的界限頻率的範圍設定成掃描頻率。The scanning frequency is selected, for example, in such a manner that it does not enter the audible frequency range, but is not limited thereto. For example, the range of the limit frequency at which the AC voltage generating circuit 5 can operate can also be set to the scanning frequency.
然後，前進至步驟105。Then, proceed to step 105.
其次，在步驟105中，以直流鏈電壓Vdc及輸出電壓Vo能夠分別成為初期值Vdc1、Vo1的方式，控制直流電壓生成電路4及交流電壓生成電路5(圖6所示的時刻t0~t2的期間)。Then, in step 105, the DC voltage generating circuit 4 and the AC voltage generating circuit 5 are controlled so that the DC link voltage Vdc and the output voltage Vo can be the initial values Vdc1 and Vo1, respectively (at times t0 to t2 shown in FIG. 6). period).
此時，交流電壓生成電路5的頻率fsw是以在步驟104所設定的初期頻率Fs來驅動。At this time, the frequency fsw of the AC voltage generating circuit 5 is driven at the initial frequency Fs set in step 104.
然後，前進至步驟106。Then, proceed to step 106.
在步驟106中，在步驟105直流鏈電壓Vdc及輸出電壓Vo到達所定的初期值Vdc1、Vo1(在圖6所示的時刻t2)之後，開始頻率探索。In step 106, after the DC link voltage Vdc and the output voltage Vo reach the predetermined initial values Vdc1 and Vo1 (at time t2 shown in FIG. 6) in step 105, the frequency search is started.
然後，前進至步驟107。Then, proceed to step 107.
另外，有關頻率探索時的詳細的動作是分成圖4所示的交流電壓生成電路5的動作、及圖5所示的直流電壓生成電路4的動作，而將各個的說明記載於後面。The detailed operation in the frequency search is divided into the operation of the AC voltage generating circuit 5 shown in FIG. 4 and the operation of the DC voltage generating circuit 4 shown in FIG. 5, and each description will be described later.
在步驟107中，一旦步驟106的頻率探索終了，則判定掃描次數是否到達在步驟101設定的所定次數Ns。In step 107, once the frequency search of step 106 is completed, it is determined whether the number of scans has reached the predetermined number of times Ns set in step 101.
當判定成掃描次數到達所定的次數Ns時(S107：Yes)，前進至步驟109。When it is determined that the number of scans reaches the predetermined number of times Ns (S107: Yes), the process proceeds to step 109.
並且，當判定成掃描次數未到達所定的次數Ns時(S107：No)，前進至步驟108。Then, when it is determined that the number of scans has not reached the predetermined number of times Ns (S107: No), the routine proceeds to step 108.
另外，在圖3是將步驟107表記為「掃描次數Ns達成？」。In addition, in FIG. 3, the step 107 is described as "the number of scans Ns is reached?".
在步驟108中，由於掃描次數未達所定的次數Ns，所以在其次的掃描更新適當的電壓比指令值Kvref。然後，移往步驟103，再度開始頻率探索。In step 108, since the number of scans has not reached the predetermined number of times Ns, an appropriate voltage ratio command value Kvref is updated in the next scan. Then, the process moves to step 103 to start the frequency exploration again.
在步驟109中，由於掃描次數到達所定的次數Ns，所以終了掃描模式。In step 109, since the number of scans reaches the predetermined number of times Ns, the scan mode is ended.
其次，分別參照圖4、圖5來詳細說明有關頻率探索時的直流電壓生成電路4及交流電壓生成電路5的動作邏輯。Next, the operation logics of the DC voltage generating circuit 4 and the AC voltage generating circuit 5 at the time of frequency search will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5, respectively.
首先，參照圖4來說明有關頻率探索時的交流電壓生成電路5(圖1)的動作邏輯。First, the operation logic of the AC voltage generating circuit 5 (FIG. 1) at the time of frequency search will be described with reference to FIG.
在步驟200中，開始頻率探索。然後，前進至步驟201。In step 200, frequency exploration is started. Then, proceed to step 201.
在步驟201中，於頻率探索，以控制手段11來生成用以在頻率fsw驅動交流電壓生成電路5的SW(switching)脈衝。然後，前進至步驟202。In step 201, in the frequency search, a SW (switching) pulse for driving the AC voltage generating circuit 5 at the frequency fsw is generated by the control means 11. Then, proceed to step 202.
在步驟202中，根據以電壓檢測手段22(圖1)所檢測出的交流電壓生成電路5的輸出電壓、及以電流檢測手段23(圖1)所檢測出的共振電流，來檢測出頻率fsw的共振電流的相位(對於輸出電壓)。然後，前進至步驟203。In step 202, the frequency fsw is detected based on the output voltage of the AC voltage generating circuit 5 detected by the voltage detecting means 22 (FIG. 1) and the resonant current detected by the current detecting means 23 (FIG. 1). The phase of the resonant current (for the output voltage). Then, proceed to step 203.
另外，在圖4是將步驟202表記為「電流相位檢測」。In addition, in FIG. 4, the step 202 is described as "current phase detection".
共振電流的相位檢測(步驟202)完了後，在步驟203中，判定交流電壓生成電路5的頻率fsw是否到達所 定的終了頻率Fe。After the phase detection of the resonant current (step 202) is completed, in step 203, it is determined whether the frequency fsw of the alternating current voltage generating circuit 5 has arrived. The final frequency is Fe.
如圖6的時刻t3所示般，當頻率fsw到達終了頻率Fe時(S203：Yes)，前進至步驟205。As shown at time t3 of FIG. 6, when the frequency fsw reaches the final frequency Fe (S203: Yes), the process proceeds to step 205.
當頻率fsw未到達所定的終了頻率Fe時(S203：No)，前進至步驟204。When the frequency fsw does not reach the predetermined end frequency Fe (S203: No), the process proceeds to step 204.
另外，在圖4是將步驟203表記為「頻率探索終了？」。In addition, in FIG. 4, the step 203 is described as "end of frequency search?".
在步驟204中，由於頻率fsw未到達終了值Fe，因此以從現在的頻率fsw僅頻率變化部分△f增減算(圖6的情況是減算，圖7的情況是增算)後的頻率作為交流電壓生成電路5的頻率fsw來更新。In step 204, since the frequency fsw does not reach the final value Fe, the frequency after the frequency fsw is only increased or decreased from the current frequency fsw (the case of Fig. 6 is a subtraction, and the case of Fig. 7 is an increase) is used as the communication. The frequency fsw of the voltage generating circuit 5 is updated.
然後，回到步驟201的「SW脈衝生成」，頻率fsw至終了值Fe為止進行頻率探索。Then, the process returns to "SW pulse generation" in step 201, and frequency search is performed until the frequency fsw reaches the final value Fe.
如此，從初期值Fs增減算頻率變化部分△f來更新下，頻率fsw慢慢地接近終了值Fe。In this way, the frequency fsw is gradually approached to the final value Fe by updating the frequency change portion Δf from the initial value Fs.
在步驟205中，由於頻率探索終了，因此停止交流電壓生成電路5，終了頻率探索。In step 205, since the frequency search is completed, the AC voltage generating circuit 5 is stopped, and the frequency search is terminated.
並且，此時，對直流電壓生成電路4(圖1)也給予停止指令(圖5，S305)。At this time, a stop command is also given to the DC voltage generating circuit 4 (FIG. 1) (FIG. 5, S305).
如以上般，本實施形態的非接觸給電裝置1 是使交流電壓生成電路5的頻率fsw從初期頻率Fs變化至終了頻率Fe，探索交流電壓生成電路5的輸出側的共振電流的頻率特性。As described above, the non-contact power feeding device 1 of the present embodiment The frequency fsw of the AC voltage generating circuit 5 is changed from the initial frequency Fs to the final frequency Fe, and the frequency characteristic of the resonant current on the output side of the AC voltage generating circuit 5 is searched.
其次，參照圖5來說明有關頻率探索時的直流電壓生成電路4(圖1)的動作邏輯。Next, the operation logic of the DC voltage generating circuit 4 (FIG. 1) at the time of frequency search will be described with reference to FIG. 5.
在步驟300中，開始頻率探索。然後，前進至步驟301。In step 300, frequency exploration is initiated. Then, proceed to step 301.
在步驟301中，控制手段11(圖1)是經由通訊手段13、14(圖1)來取得從電壓檢測手段24(圖1)檢測出的輸出電壓Vo。然後，前進至步驟302。In step 301, the control means 11 (FIG. 1) acquires the output voltage Vo detected from the voltage detecting means 24 (FIG. 1) via the communication means 13, 14 (FIG. 1). Then, proceed to step 302.
另外，在圖5中，將步驟301表記為「輸出電壓檢測Vo」。In addition, in FIG. 5, step 301 is described as "output voltage detection Vo".
在步驟302中，按照輸出電壓Vo的變化來更新控制直流電壓生成電路4的輸出電壓之電壓比指令值Vdcref。In step 302, the voltage ratio command value Vdcref of the output voltage of the control DC voltage generating circuit 4 is updated in accordance with the change in the output voltage Vo.
電壓比指令值Vdcref是根據在步驟301中取得的輸出電壓Vo及電壓比指令值Kvref，依其次所示的式 (3)，以輸出電壓Vo與直流鏈電壓Vdc的比能夠成為電壓比指令值Kvref一定的方式決定。The voltage ratio command value Vdcref is based on the output voltage Vo and the voltage ratio command value Kvref obtained in step 301. (3) The ratio of the output voltage Vo to the DC link voltage Vdc can be determined such that the voltage is constant than the command value Kvref.
Vdcref=Vo/Kvref…式(3)Vdcref=Vo/Kvref...(3)
然後，前進至步驟303。Then, proceed to step 303.
另外，在圖5是將步驟302表記為「電壓比指令值Vdcref的更新」。In addition, in FIG. 5, the step 302 is described as "update of the voltage ratio command value Vdcref".
在步驟303中藉由電壓檢測手段21(圖1)來檢測出直流鏈電壓Vdc。In step 303, the DC link voltage Vdc is detected by the voltage detecting means 21 (Fig. 1).
然後，前進至步驟304。Then, proceed to step 304.
在步驟304中比較在步驟303所檢測出的直流鏈電壓Vdc及在步驟302所生成的電壓比指令值Vdcref，以直流鏈電壓Vdc能夠接近電壓比指令值Vdcref的方式在控制手段11生成控制直流電壓生成電路4的SW脈衝。In step 304, the DC link voltage Vdc detected in step 303 and the voltage ratio command value Vdcref generated in step 302 are compared, and the DC voltage is applied to the control unit 11 in such a manner that the DC link voltage Vdc can approach the voltage ratio command value Vdcref. The SW pulse of the voltage generating circuit 4.
另外，在圖5是將步驟304表記於「SW脈衝生成」。然後，前進至步驟305。In addition, in FIG. 5, the step 304 is described in "SW pulse generation". Then, proceed to step 305.
在步驟305中，依據在圖4的步驟205所發出的停止指令，判斷直流電壓生成電路4的動作停止的可否。In step 305, it is judged whether or not the operation of the DC voltage generating circuit 4 is stopped in accordance with the stop command issued in step 205 of Fig. 4 .
一旦接到在步驟205所發出的停止指令(S305： Yes)，則前進至步驟306。Once the stop command issued in step 205 is received (S305: Yes), proceed to step 306.
當未接到停止指令時(S305：No)，再度移往步驟301，以電壓比Kv能夠成為一定的方式使直流電壓生成電路4動作。When the stop command is not received (S305: No), the process proceeds to step 301 again, and the DC voltage generating circuit 4 is operated in such a manner that the voltage ratio Kv can be made constant.
另外，在圖5中，將步驟305表記為「停止指令？」。然後，前進至步驟305。In addition, in FIG. 5, step 305 is described as "stop command?". Then, proceed to step 305.
在步驟306中，直流電壓生成電路4是停止動作。然後終了頻率探索。In step 306, the DC voltage generating circuit 4 is in a stop operation. Then the end of the frequency exploration.
如此，本實施形態的非接觸給電裝置1是按照輸出電壓Vo的變化來逐次更新電壓比指令值Vdcref而控制直流電壓生成電路4，藉此可在掃描模式中將直流鏈電壓Vdc及輸出電壓Vo的電壓比Kv保持一定於電壓比指令值Kvref。As described above, the non-contact power feeding device 1 of the present embodiment controls the DC voltage generating circuit 4 by sequentially updating the voltage ratio command value Vdcref in accordance with the change in the output voltage Vo, whereby the DC link voltage Vdc and the output voltage Vo can be set in the scan mode. The voltage ratio Kv is kept constant by the voltage ratio command value Kvref.
圖6及圖7是表示Kv為一定的掃描模式的交流電壓生成電路5的頻率fsw、輸出電壓Vo、直流鏈電壓Vdc的特性的圖。FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 are diagrams showing characteristics of the frequency fsw, the output voltage Vo, and the DC link voltage Vdc of the AC voltage generating circuit 5 in which the Kv is a constant scanning mode.
在圖6、圖7中，橫軸是時間Time，在縱軸是顯示交流電壓生成電路5的頻率fsw、輸出電壓Vo、直流鏈電壓Vdc的項目。亦即，顯示掃描模式中的交流電壓生成電路 5的頻率fsw、輸出電壓Vo、直流鏈電壓Vdc之依時間Time而變化的特性。In FIGS. 6 and 7, the horizontal axis represents time Time, and the vertical axis represents an item showing the frequency fsw of the AC voltage generating circuit 5, the output voltage Vo, and the DC link voltage Vdc. That is, the AC voltage generation circuit in the display scan mode The frequency f of the 5, the output voltage Vo, and the DC link voltage Vdc vary depending on the time Time.
首先，由圖6來說明。First, it will be explained by FIG. 6.
圖6是表示Kv為一定的掃描模式的交流電壓生成電路5的頻率fsw、輸出電壓Vo、直流鏈電壓Vdc的特性的圖，顯示開始掃描的初期頻率Fs比終了掃描的終了頻率Fe更高的情況。6 is a graph showing the characteristics of the frequency fsw, the output voltage Vo, and the DC link voltage Vdc of the AC voltage generating circuit 5 in which the Kv is a constant scanning mode, and shows that the initial frequency Fs at which scanning is started is higher than the final frequency Fe of the final scanning. Happening.
在圖6中，t0~t1的期間是以步驟105(圖3)的直流鏈電壓Vdc能夠成為初期值Vdc1的方式充電直流鏈電容器C11的期間。In FIG. 6, the period from t0 to t1 is a period in which the DC link capacitor C11 is charged so that the DC link voltage Vdc of the step 105 (FIG. 3) can be the initial value Vdc1.
並且，t1~t2的期間是以步驟105(圖3)的輸出電壓Vo能夠成為初期值Vo1的方式充電平滑電容器C21的期間。In addition, the period from t1 to t2 is a period in which the smoothing capacitor C21 is charged so that the output voltage Vo of the step 105 (FIG. 3) can be the initial value Vo1.
並且，t2~t3的期間是針對電壓比條件Kv(一定)來進行頻率探索的期間。Further, the period from t2 to t3 is a period in which the frequency is searched for the voltage ratio condition Kv (certain).
在t0~t2的期間中，以直流鏈電壓Vdc能夠成為初期值Vdc1的方式，且以輸出電壓Vo能夠成為初期值Vo1的方式，分別充電直流鏈電容器C11及平滑電容器C21。In the period from t0 to t2, the DC link voltage Vdc can be set to the initial value Vdc1, and the DC link capacitor C11 and the smoothing capacitor C21 can be charged so that the output voltage Vo can be the initial value Vo1.
在直流鏈電壓及輸出電壓分別成為初期值的Vdc1、Vo1的t2，開始頻率fsw的掃描。The scanning of the frequency fsw is started at t2 of the DC link voltage and the output voltage which are initial values of Vdc1 and Vo1, respectively.
在t2~t3的期間中，一邊使探索最適的頻率 的頻率fsw從初期頻率Fs到終了頻率Fe每△f變化，一邊檢測出交流電壓生成電路5的輸出電壓(電壓檢測手段22)及輸出電流(共振電流、電流檢測手段23)的相位(相位差)(圖4、S201~S204)。During the period from t2 to t3, while exploring the optimum frequency The frequency fsw changes from the initial frequency Fs to the final frequency Fe every Δf, and detects the phase (phase difference) between the output voltage (voltage detecting means 22) of the AC voltage generating circuit 5 and the output current (resonant current, current detecting means 23). ) (Fig. 4, S201~S204).
另外，在t2~t3的期間，非接觸給電裝置1與二次電池8是若以開關SW1來切離，而進行頻率fsw的掃描，則直流鏈電壓Vdc及輸出電壓Vo會隨時間(t2→t3)而上昇。並且，雖此直流鏈電壓Vdc及輸出電壓Vo會分別上昇，但Kv(=Vdc/Vo1)是以能夠形成一定的方式藉由控制手段11、12來控制。In the period from t2 to t3, when the non-contact power supply device 1 and the secondary battery 8 are separated by the switch SW1 and the frequency fsw is scanned, the DC link voltage Vdc and the output voltage Vo are time-dependent (t2 → T3) rises. Further, although the DC link voltage Vdc and the output voltage Vo increase, respectively, Kv (= Vdc/Vo1) is controlled by the control means 11, 12 in a manner that can be formed in a certain manner.
另外，之所以將Kv設為一定，是因為容易探索最適的頻率。In addition, the reason why Kv is set to be certain is because it is easy to explore the optimum frequency.
其次，說明圖7。Next, Fig. 7 will be explained.
圖7是表示Kv為一定的掃描模式的交流電壓生成電路5的頻率fsw、輸出電壓Vo、直流鏈電壓Vdc的特性的圖，顯示開始掃描的初期頻率Fs比終了掃描的終了頻率Fe更低的情況。7 is a graph showing the characteristics of the frequency fsw, the output voltage Vo, and the DC link voltage Vdc of the AC voltage generating circuit 5 in which the Kv is a constant scanning mode, and shows that the initial frequency Fs at which scanning is started is lower than the final frequency Fe of the final scanning. Happening.
因此，在直流鏈電壓及輸出電壓分別成為初期值的Vdc1、Vo1的t22，從Fs開始頻率fsw的掃描，在Fe終了。Therefore, in the case where the DC link voltage and the output voltage are Vdc1 of the initial value and t22 of Vo1, the scanning of the frequency fsw from the Fs is completed, and the Fe is terminated.
在此，圖7與圖6是Fs與Fe的大小關係為相反。Here, FIG. 7 and FIG. 6 show that the relationship between the size of Fs and Fe is reversed.
並且，直流鏈電壓Vdc與輸出電壓Vo的比是以在 Kv2的值能夠成為一定的方式藉由控制手段11、12來控制。And, the ratio of the DC link voltage Vdc to the output voltage Vo is The value of Kv2 can be controlled in a certain manner by the control means 11, 12.
以上，在圖3的步驟103中，圖6所示的掃描模式的動作是將頻率探索時的頻率fsw的初期頻率Fs設定成在掃描頻率最高的頻率，朝終了頻率Fe使交流電壓生成電路5的頻率fsw從高的值往低的值變化的例子，但並非限於此。As described above, in the step 103 of FIG. 3, the operation of the scanning mode shown in FIG. 6 is such that the initial frequency Fs of the frequency fsw at the time of frequency search is set to the frequency at which the scanning frequency is the highest, and the alternating voltage generating circuit 5 is caused to the end frequency Fe. An example of the frequency fsw changing from a high value to a low value, but is not limited thereto.
如圖7所示般，亦可將在掃描頻率的範圍內最低的頻率設定成初期頻率Fs，將在掃描頻率的範圍最高的頻率設定成終了頻率Fe，使交流電壓生成電路5的頻率fsw從低的值往高的值變化。As shown in FIG. 7, the lowest frequency in the range of the scanning frequency can be set to the initial frequency Fs, and the frequency having the highest range of the scanning frequency can be set to the final frequency Fe, and the frequency fsw of the alternating current voltage generating circuit 5 can be set. Low values change to high values.
另外，在圖6或圖7中，頻率fsw的掃描是在初期頻率Fs~終了頻率Fe的期間進行1次。然後，共振電流的最適的特性的頻率fsw0會在圖2的步驟4(S4)被選擇。Further, in FIG. 6 or FIG. 7, the scanning of the frequency fsw is performed once during the initial frequency Fs to the end frequency Fe. Then, the frequency fsw0 of the optimum characteristic of the resonance current is selected in step 4 (S4) of Fig. 2 .
並且，在圖7中，t20~t21b的期間是以步驟105(圖3)的直流鏈電壓Vdc能夠成為初期值Vdc1的方式充電直流鏈電容器C11的期間。In addition, in FIG. 7, the period from t20 to t21b is a period in which the DC link capacitor C11 is charged so that the DC link voltage Vdc of the step 105 (FIG. 3) can be the initial value Vdc1.
然後，t21~t22的期間是以步驟105(圖3)的輸出電壓Vo能夠成為初期值Vo1的方式充電平滑電容器C21的期間。Then, the period from t21 to t22 is a period in which the smoothing capacitor C21 is charged so that the output voltage Vo of the step 105 (FIG. 3) can be the initial value Vo1.
如此，在圖7中，也有使開始以輸出電壓Vo能夠成為初期值Vo1的方式充電平滑電容器C21的時期的t21早於直流鏈電壓Vdc成為初期值Vdc1的時期的t21b之方 法。此情況，由於花在初期充電動作的時間變短，因此可提早開始掃描的t22的時期，掃描所要的時間被若干縮短。In this way, in the case where t21 is the period in which the smoothing capacitor C21 is charged so that the output voltage Vo can be the initial value Vo1, the time t21b at which the DC link voltage Vdc becomes the initial value Vdc1 is started. law. In this case, since the time for the initial charging operation is shortened, the period of t22 at which the scanning can be started early is shortened somewhat.
利用圖8、圖9、圖3來說明有關在掃描模式中針對2個以上的電壓比Kv條件進行頻率探索的情況。The case where frequency search is performed for two or more voltage ratio Kv conditions in the scan mode will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 , 9 , and 3 .
另外，之所以針對2個以上的電壓比Kv條件來進行頻率探索，是因為一旦輸出電壓Vo變化的範圍擴大，則最適的頻率不會收於1個的頻率，按照狀態以複數的不同頻率來實施非接觸給電效率較佳。此情況，進行複數的不同的最適的頻率的探索時，以不同的2個以上的電壓比Kv條件來掃描探索。In addition, the reason why the frequency search is performed for two or more voltages than the Kv condition is because when the range in which the output voltage Vo changes is increased, the optimum frequency is not received in one frequency, and the frequency is different in the plural according to the state. It is better to implement non-contact power supply efficiency. In this case, when searching for a plurality of different optimum frequencies, scanning is performed by using two or more different voltages than the Kv condition.
圖8及圖9是表示2個以上的電壓比Kv條件的掃描模式的交流電壓生成電路(交流電壓生成手段)5的頻率fsw、輸出電壓Vo、直流鏈電壓Vdc的特性的圖。FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 are diagrams showing characteristics of the frequency fsw, the output voltage Vo, and the DC link voltage Vdc of the AC voltage generating circuit (AC voltage generating means) 5 in the scanning mode of two or more voltage ratios Kv.
在圖8、圖9中，橫軸是時間Time，在縱軸是顯示交流電壓生成電路5的頻率fsw、輸出電壓Vo、直流鏈電壓Vdc的項目。亦即，顯示掃描模式中的交流電壓生成電路5的頻率fsw、輸出電壓Vo、直流鏈電壓Vdc之依時間Time而變化的特性。In FIGS. 8 and 9, the horizontal axis represents time Time, and the vertical axis represents an item of the frequency fsw, the output voltage Vo, and the DC link voltage Vdc of the AC voltage generating circuit 5. That is, the frequency fsw, the output voltage Vo, and the DC link voltage Vdc of the AC voltage generating circuit 5 in the scan mode are changed depending on the time Time.
並且，圖8與圖9的不同，在圖8中，掃描頻率fsw是首先從高的頻率往低的頻率變化後，再度回到高的頻 率，再度往低的頻率變化，相對的，在圖9中，掃描頻率fsw是首先從高的頻率往低的頻率變化後，從低的頻率相反地往高的頻率再度變化。Moreover, in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, in FIG. 8, the scanning frequency fsw is first changed from a high frequency to a low frequency, and then returned to a high frequency. The rate is again changed to a low frequency. In contrast, in Fig. 9, the scanning frequency fsw is first changed from a high frequency to a low frequency, and then from a low frequency to a high frequency.
在圖8中，t30~t31的期間是以步驟105(圖3)的直流鏈電壓Vdc能夠成為初期值Vdc1的方式充電直流鏈電容器C11的期間。In FIG. 8, the period from t30 to t31 is a period in which the DC link capacitor C11 is charged so that the DC link voltage Vdc of the step 105 (FIG. 3) can be the initial value Vdc1.
並且，t31~t32的期間是以步驟105(圖3)的輸出電壓Vo能夠成為初期值Vo1的方式充電平滑電容器C21的期間。In addition, the period from t31 to t32 is a period in which the smoothing capacitor C21 is charged so that the output voltage Vo of the step 105 (FIG. 3) can be the initial value Vo1.
並且，t32~t33的期間是針對第1次的電壓比條件Kv31進行頻率探索的期間。Further, the period from t32 to t33 is a period in which the frequency is searched for the first voltage ratio condition Kv31.
並且，t33~t34的期間是從第1次的頻率探索往第2次的頻率探索的移行期間。Further, the period from t33 to t34 is the transition period from the first frequency search to the second frequency search.
並且，t34~t35的期間是針對第2次的電壓比條件Kv32進行頻率探索的期間。Further, the period from t34 to t35 is a period in which the frequency search is performed for the second voltage ratio condition Kv32.
在步驟107(圖3)中，一旦針對第1次的電壓比條件Kv31終了頻率探索(圖8中所示的時刻t33)，則移往步驟109，將電壓比指令值Kvref更新成第2次的電壓比條件Kv32。In step 107 (FIG. 3), once the frequency is searched for the first voltage ratio condition Kv31 (time t33 shown in FIG. 8), the process proceeds to step 109, and the voltage is compared with the command value Kvref to the second time. The voltage is greater than the condition Kv32.
其次，移往步驟103(圖3)，設定頻率探索開始時的直流鏈電壓的初期值Vdc2及輸出電壓的初期值Vo2。此時，Vdc2及Vo2是根據電壓比指令值Vdcref來決定成為式(2)的關係。Next, the process proceeds to step 103 (FIG. 3), and the initial value Vdc2 of the DC link voltage at the start of the frequency search and the initial value Vo2 of the output voltage are set. At this time, Vdc2 and Vo2 determine the relationship of the equation (2) based on the voltage ratio command value Vdcref.
在步驟104中設定開始第2次的頻率探索的初期頻率 Fs2及終了頻率Fe2。在此是將第1次的初期頻率Fs1及終了頻率Fe1分別設定成第2次的初期頻率Fs2及終了頻率Fe2。In step 104, the initial frequency of starting the second frequency search is set. Fs2 and the final frequency of Fe2. Here, the first initial frequency Fs1 and the final frequency Fe1 are set to the second initial frequency Fs2 and the final frequency Fe2, respectively.
其次，在步驟105中，以直流鏈電壓Vdc及輸出電壓Vo能夠成為在步驟103設定的所定初期值Vdc2、Vo2之方式進行初期充電動作。以能夠成為此初期值Vdc2、Vo2的方式，初期充電動作的期間為圖8所示的時刻t33~t34的期間。Next, in step 105, the initial charging operation is performed such that the DC link voltage Vdc and the output voltage Vo can be the predetermined initial values Vdc2 and Vo2 set in step 103. The period of the initial charging operation is such a period from time t33 to time t34 shown in FIG. 8 so that the initial values Vdc2 and Vo2 can be obtained.
在圖8所示的時刻t34，一旦直流鏈電壓及輸出電壓到達初期值Vdc2、Vo2，則移往步驟106，開始第2次的頻率探索。At the time t34 shown in FIG. 8, when the DC link voltage and the output voltage reach the initial values Vdc2 and Vo2, the process proceeds to step 106, and the second frequency search is started.
以下，重複與第1次的頻率探索同樣的步驟，到達所定的次數Ns為止進行頻率探索。Hereinafter, the same procedure as the first frequency search is repeated, and the frequency search is performed until the predetermined number of times Ns is reached.
另外，圖8的情況是表示Ns=2時。Ns為3以上時，在圖8中，超過時刻t35的期間，進行第3次以上的頻率探索。In addition, the case of FIG. 8 shows when Ns=2. When Ns is 3 or more, in FIG. 8, the frequency search of the third time or more is performed in the period exceeding the time t35.
如以上般，圖8所示的掃描模式是在第1次的頻率探索(期間t32~t33)中或第2次的頻率探索(期間t34~t35)中也將頻率探索的初期頻率Fs1及終了頻率Fe1分別設定成第2次的初期頻率Fs2及終了頻率Fe2。As described above, the scanning mode shown in FIG. 8 is also the initial frequency Fs1 of the frequency search and the end of the frequency search (period t32 to t33) or the second frequency search (period t34 to t35). The frequency Fe1 is set to the second initial frequency Fs2 and the final frequency Fe2, respectively.
另外，在圖8中，初期頻率Fs~終了頻率Fe之間的頻率fsw的掃描是進行2次。而且，t32~t33的共振電流的最適的特性的頻率fsw1、及t34~t35的共振電流的最適的特性的頻率fsw2是在圖2的步驟4(S4)被選擇。Further, in Fig. 8, the scanning of the frequency fsw between the initial frequency Fs and the final frequency Fe is performed twice. Further, the frequency fsw1 of the optimum characteristics of the resonance currents of t32 to t33 and the frequency fsw2 of the optimum characteristics of the resonance currents of t34 to t35 are selected in step 4 (S4) of Fig. 2 .
圖9是第2次的頻率探索以外與圖8概略相同。亦即，Fs1、Fs2、Fe1、Fe2、vo1、Vo2、Vdc1、Vdc2是共通。並且，t40~t45是分別對應於t30~t35。並且，Kv41、Kv42是分別對應於Kv31、Kv32。Fig. 9 is substantially the same as Fig. 8 except for the second frequency search. That is, Fs1, Fs2, Fe1, Fe2, vo1, Vo2, Vdc1, and Vdc2 are common. Further, t40 to t45 correspond to t30 to t35, respectively. Further, Kv41 and Kv42 correspond to Kv31 and Kv32, respectively.
圖9與圖8不同的是將第1次的初期頻率Fs1設定成第2次的終了頻率Fe2，將第1次的頻率Fe1設定成第2次的初期頻率Fs1。另外，在圖8中，將第1次的頻率探索的初期頻率Fs1及終了頻率Fe1分別設定成第2次的初期頻率Fs2及終了頻率Fe2。9 is different from FIG. 8 in that the first initial frequency Fs1 is set to the second final frequency Fe2, and the first frequency Fe1 is set to the second initial frequency Fs1. In addition, in FIG. 8, the initial frequency Fs1 and the final frequency Fe1 of the first frequency search are set to the second initial frequency Fs2 and the final frequency Fe2, respectively.
初期頻率Fs與終了頻率Fe的設定方法是圖8的方法或圖9的方法皆可。The method of setting the initial frequency Fs and the final frequency Fe is either the method of FIG. 8 or the method of FIG.
另外，在圖8、圖9中，於期間t33~t34及期間t43~t44中，Vo與Vdc的大小關係會反轉。這是以Vo大於Vdc時為例顯示者。Further, in FIGS. 8 and 9, in the periods t33 to t34 and the periods t43 to t44, the magnitude relationship between Vo and Vdc is reversed. This is shown as an example where Vo is greater than Vdc.
未必如圖6、圖7那樣，或如圖8的期間t32~t33，圖9的期間t42~t43的Vo與Vdc的關係那樣，經常Vdc大於Vo。也會有時Vc大於Vdc，顯示此反轉的情況是圖8、圖9的期間t33~t34及期間t43~t44。此時，在期間t34~t35，期間t44~t45是Vo大於Vdc。It is not necessary to have Vdc greater than Vo as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 or in the period t32 to t33 in FIG. 8 and in the relationship between Vo and Vdc in the period t42 to t43 in FIG. 9 . In some cases, Vc is greater than Vdc, and the case where this inversion is displayed is the period t33 to t34 and the period t43 to t44 in FIGS. 8 and 9. At this time, during the period t34 to t35, the period t44 to t45 is that Vo is greater than Vdc.
又，另一方面亦有圖8、圖9的期間t33~t34，期間t43~t44的Vo與Vdc的大小關係在期間t30~t35，期間t40~t45也不變化，經常Vdc大於Vo的情況。On the other hand, there are also periods t33 to t34 in FIGS. 8 and 9 , and the magnitude relationship between Vo and Vdc in the period t43 to t44 is in the period t30 to t35, and the period t40 to t45 does not change, and Vdc is often larger than Vo.
以上，第1實施形態的非接觸給電裝置1是在掃描模式中隨著輸出電壓Vo的上昇，控制直流電壓生 成電路4而使直流鏈電壓Vdc變化，而一邊將平滑電容器C21充電，一邊檢測出共振電流的頻率特性。藉此，可將使平滑電容器C21充電至二次電池8的電壓的初期充電期間設為掃描模式，可縮短檢知車輛之後移往給電模式為止的時間。As described above, the non-contact power feeding device 1 of the first embodiment controls the DC voltage with the rise of the output voltage Vo in the scanning mode. When the circuit 4 is turned on, the DC link voltage Vdc is changed, and while the smoothing capacitor C21 is charged, the frequency characteristic of the resonant current is detected. Thereby, the initial charging period in which the smoothing capacitor C21 is charged to the voltage of the secondary battery 8 can be set to the scanning mode, and the time until the vehicle is detected and then transferred to the power feeding mode can be shortened.
並且，若根據第1實施形態，則在掃描模式時，藉由開關SW1來從受電側電路3切離二次電池8，一邊將掃描模式時的直流鏈電壓及輸出電壓設為比給電模式時低的值，一邊探索共振電流的頻率特性。According to the first embodiment, when the secondary battery 8 is cut off from the power receiving-side circuit 3 by the switch SW1 in the scan mode, the DC link voltage and the output voltage in the scan mode are set to be smaller than the power supply mode. A low value is used to explore the frequency characteristics of the resonant current.
因此，可使掃描模式時的電力比給電模式時更小電力化，可降低非接觸給電裝置1的耗費電力。Therefore, it is possible to make the power in the scan mode smaller than that in the power-on mode, and it is possible to reduce the power consumption of the non-contact power supply device 1.
其次，敘述有關本發明的非接觸給電裝置的第2實施形態。Next, a second embodiment of the non-contact power feeding device according to the present invention will be described.
圖10是本發明的第2實施形態的非接觸給電裝置101的電路構成圖。FIG. 10 is a circuit configuration diagram of the non-contact power feeding device 101 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
在圖10中，非接觸給電裝置101是以被連接於交流電源107與二次電池8之間的給電側電路102及受電側電路103所構成。In FIG. 10, the non-contact power feeding device 101 is constituted by a power feeding side circuit 102 and a power receiving side circuit 103 which are connected between the AC power source 107 and the secondary battery 8.
而且，藉由給電側電路102的卷線N1及受電側電路103的卷線N2所構成的給電變壓器T1的磁氣性結合來從給電側電路102往受電側電路103以非接觸供給電力。In addition, the magnetic power of the power feeding transformer T1 including the winding N1 of the power supply side circuit 102 and the winding N2 of the power receiving side circuit 103 is combined to supply electric power from the power supply side circuit 102 to the power receiving side circuit 103 in a non-contact manner.
給電側電路102是被配置於地上側，其構成是具備直流電壓生成電路104、電壓檢測手段21、交流電壓生成電路105、共振電感線圈Lr1、共振電容器Cr12、卷線N1、電壓檢測手段22、電流檢測手段23、控制手段111及通訊手段13。The power supply side circuit 102 is disposed on the ground side, and includes a DC voltage generating circuit 104, a voltage detecting means 21, an AC voltage generating circuit 105, a resonant inductor Lr1, a resonant capacitor Cr12, a winding N1, and a voltage detecting means 22, Current detecting means 23, control means 111 and communication means 13.
另外，直流電壓生成電路104是輸入電源107的電力而輸出直流鏈電壓。Further, the DC voltage generating circuit 104 outputs power of the power source 107 to output a DC link voltage.
電壓檢測手段21是檢測出直流鏈電壓。The voltage detecting means 21 detects the DC link voltage.
交流電壓生成電路105是輸入直流電壓生成電路4的輸出電壓的直流鏈電壓，輸出任意的頻率fsw的交流電壓，往卷線N1供給高頻電力。The AC voltage generating circuit 105 is a DC link voltage input to the output voltage of the DC voltage generating circuit 4, and outputs an AC voltage of an arbitrary frequency fsw, and supplies high frequency power to the winding N1.
共振電感線圈Lr1及共振電容器Cr12是與卷線N1形成LC共振電路，補償卷線N1的漏電感，且抑制交流電壓生成電路5的輸出電流，提高非接觸給電裝置的傳送效率。The resonant inductor Lr1 and the resonant capacitor Cr12 form an LC resonant circuit with the winding N1, compensate the leakage inductance of the winding N1, and suppress the output current of the AC voltage generating circuit 5, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the non-contact power feeding device.
卷線N1是藉由與後記的受電側電路103的卷線N2磁氣性地結合來以非接觸往卷線N2供給電力。The winding wire N1 is magnetically coupled to the winding wire N2 of the power receiving-side circuit 103 which will be described later, and supplies electric power to the winding wire N2 in a non-contact manner.
電壓檢測手段22是檢測出交流電壓生成電路105的輸出電壓，且將該資訊傳達至控制手段111。The voltage detecting means 22 detects the output voltage of the alternating current voltage generating circuit 105 and transmits the information to the control means 111.
電流檢測手段23是檢測出從交流電壓生成電路105輸出的共振電流，且將該資訊傳達至控制手段111。The current detecting means 23 detects the resonance current output from the alternating current voltage generating circuit 105 and transmits the information to the control means 111.
控制手段111是分別控制直流電壓生成電路104及交流電壓生成電路105。藉由此控制，直流鏈電壓Vdc及交 流電壓的頻率fsw會分別被控制成任意的值。The control means 111 controls the DC voltage generating circuit 104 and the AC voltage generating circuit 105, respectively. By this control, the DC link voltage Vdc and the intersection The frequency fsw of the stream voltage is controlled to an arbitrary value, respectively.
通訊手段13是與後記的受電側電路3的通訊手段14進行通訊。藉由此通訊來交換有關給電側電路102及受電側電路103的非接觸給電的資訊。The communication means 13 communicates with the communication means 14 of the power receiving side circuit 3 which will be described later. By this communication, information on the contactless power supply to the power supply side circuit 102 and the power receiving side circuit 103 is exchanged.
在直流電壓生成電路104是藉由被橋接的整流二極體D11~D14來將交流電源107的電壓予以全波整流。此被全波整流的電壓是被輸入至藉由昇壓電感線圈L1、昇壓開關S1、昇壓二極體D10及平滑電容器C10所構成的昇壓截斷器電路。In the DC voltage generating circuit 104, the voltage of the AC power source 107 is full-wave rectified by the bridged rectifying diodes D11 to D14. The full-wave rectified voltage is input to a boost cut-off circuit composed of a boost inductor L1, a boost switch S1, a boost diode D10, and a smoothing capacitor C10.
而且，在平滑電容器C10的兩端間連接有藉由降壓開關S2、降壓電感線圈L2、降壓二極體D20及直流鏈電容器C11所構成的降壓截斷器電路。Further, a step-down chopper circuit including a step-down switch S2, a step-down inductor L2, a step-down diode D20, and a DC link capacitor C11 is connected between both ends of the smoothing capacitor C10.
交流電壓生成電路105是具備被橋接的開關元件Q1~Q4。在由MOSFET(Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor)所構成的開關元件Q1~Q4是分別連接有反並列二極體D1~D4。昇壓開關S1及開關元件Q1~Q4是藉由控制手段111及控制手段112所控制。The AC voltage generating circuit 105 includes switching elements Q1 to Q4 that are bridged. In the switching elements Q1 to Q4 composed of MOSFETs (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor), antiparallel diodes D1 to D4 are connected, respectively. The boost switch S1 and the switching elements Q1 to Q4 are controlled by the control means 111 and the control means 112.
在控制手段111是連接有：檢測出直流鏈電壓的電壓檢測手段21、檢測出交流電壓的電壓檢測手段22、檢測出交流電流的電流檢測手段23、檢測出輸入電壓的電壓檢測手段26、檢測出輸入電流的電流檢測手段27、檢測出平滑電容器C10的兩端電壓的電壓檢測手段28、及通訊機(通訊手段)13。The control means 111 is connected to a voltage detecting means 21 for detecting a DC link voltage, a voltage detecting means 22 for detecting an AC voltage, a current detecting means 23 for detecting an AC current, a voltage detecting means 26 for detecting an input voltage, and detecting. A current detecting means 27 for inputting a current, a voltage detecting means 28 for detecting a voltage across the smoothing capacitor C10, and a communication means (communication means) 13 are provided.
直流電壓生成電路104是利用PWM(Pulse Width Modulation)控制來控制，交流電壓生成電路105是利用PWM控制、相位移動控制、或頻率控制來控制。The DC voltage generating circuit 104 utilizes PWM (Pulse) The Width Modulation control is controlled, and the AC voltage generating circuit 105 is controlled by PWM control, phase shift control, or frequency control.
控制手段111是具備：將來自交流電源107的輸入電流控制成與交流電源107的電壓大概相似的正弦波狀之功率因素改善控制、或將直流鏈電壓控制成任意的值之直流鏈電壓控制等。The control means 111 includes a sinusoidal power factor improvement control for controlling the input current from the AC power source 107 to be approximately similar to the voltage of the AC power source 107, or a DC link voltage control for controlling the DC link voltage to an arbitrary value. .
受電側電路103是被搭載於車輛，具備卷線N2、共振電容器Cr21、充電二次電路106、平滑電容器C21、電壓檢測手段24、電流檢測手段25、控制手段112、開關SW11及通訊手段14。The power receiving side circuit 103 is mounted on the vehicle, and includes a winding wire N2, a resonance capacitor Cr21, a charging secondary circuit 106, a smoothing capacitor C21, a voltage detecting means 24, a current detecting means 25, a control means 112, a switch SW11, and a communication means 14.
另外，卷線N2是藉由與卷線N1磁氣性地結合來從卷線N1以非接觸接受電力。Further, the winding wire N2 is magnetically coupled to the winding wire N1 to receive electric power from the winding wire N1 in a non-contact manner.
共振電容器Cr21是補償卷線N2的漏電感，提高給電線圈T1間的傳送效率。The resonant capacitor Cr21 compensates for the leakage inductance of the winding wire N2 and improves the transmission efficiency between the power feeding coils T1.
充電二次電路106是以被橋接的二極體D21~D24所構成，藉由橋接的二極體D21~D24來將被誘導至卷線N2的電流予以整流，把卷線N2的交流電力變換成直流電力，經由平滑電容器C21來朝二次電池8供給直流電力。The charging secondary circuit 106 is composed of bridged diodes D21 to D24, and the current induced to the winding line N2 is rectified by the bridged diodes D21 to D24, and the AC power of the winding N2 is converted. DC power is supplied to the secondary battery 8 via the smoothing capacitor C21.
平滑電容器C21是將包含充電二次電路106所整流後的高調波的直流電力予以積蓄、平滑，而往二次電池8供給質佳的直流電力。The smoothing capacitor C21 accumulates and smoothes the DC power including the high-modulation wave rectified by the charging secondary circuit 106, and supplies the DC power of the secondary battery 8 with good quality.
電壓檢測手段24是檢測出充電二次電路106的輸出 電壓Vo(平滑電容器C21的兩端電壓)，且將該資訊傳達至控制手段112。The voltage detecting means 24 detects the output of the charging secondary circuit 106. The voltage Vo (the voltage across the smoothing capacitor C21) is transmitted to the control means 112.
電流檢測手段25是檢測出充電二次電路106的輸出電流，且將該資訊傳達至控制手段112。The current detecting means 25 detects the output current of the charging secondary circuit 106 and transmits the information to the control means 112.
控制手段112是控制由MOSFET所構成的開關SW11的開閉。The control means 112 controls the opening and closing of the switch SW11 constituted by the MOSFET.
開關SW11是開閉二次電池8與受電側電路103之間。開關SW11是藉由控制手段112來控制，從電源7往二次電池8供給電力的給電模式時以外是設為關閉，從二次電池8切離受電側電路103。The switch SW11 is between the open/close secondary battery 8 and the power receiving side circuit 103. The switch SW11 is controlled by the control means 112, and is turned off when the power supply mode is supplied from the power source 7 to the secondary battery 8, and the power receiving side circuit 103 is cut off from the secondary battery 8.
通訊手段14是與給電側電路102的通訊手段13進行通訊。藉由此通訊來交換有關給電側電路102與受電側電路103的非接觸給電的資訊。The communication means 14 communicates with the communication means 13 of the power supply side circuit 102. By this communication, information on the non-contact power supply to the power supply side circuit 102 and the power receiving side circuit 103 is exchanged.
另外，控制手段111與控制手段112是藉由通訊手段13與通訊手段14來以無線連接。Further, the control means 111 and the control means 112 are wirelessly connected by the communication means 13 and the communication means 14.
藉由以上的圖10的給電側電路102及受電側電路103的構成來實現降低掃描模式時的耗費電力之非接觸給電裝置。By the configuration of the power supply side circuit 102 and the power receiving side circuit 103 of FIG. 10 described above, the non-contact power feeding device that reduces power consumption in the scanning mode is realized.
其次，敘述有關本發明的非接觸給電裝置的第3實施形態。Next, a third embodiment of the non-contact power feeding device according to the present invention will be described.
圖11是本發明的第3實施形態的非接觸給電裝置201的電路構成圖。FIG. 11 is a circuit configuration diagram of the non-contact power feeding device 201 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
在圖11中，非接觸給電裝置201是與第2實施形態的非接觸給電裝置101同樣，以連接於交流電源107與二次電池8之間的給電側電路202及受電側電路203所構成。In the same manner as the non-contact power supply device 101 of the second embodiment, the non-contact power supply device 201 is configured to be connected to the power supply side circuit 202 and the power receiving side circuit 203 between the AC power source 107 and the secondary battery 8.
而且，藉由給電側電路202的卷線N1及受電側電路203的卷線N2所構成的給電變壓器T1的磁氣性結合來從給電側電路202往受電側電路203以非接觸供給電力。In addition, the magnetic power of the power feeding transformer T1 including the winding N1 of the power supply side circuit 202 and the winding N2 of the power receiving side circuit 203 is combined to supply electric power from the power supply side circuit 202 to the power receiving side circuit 203 in a non-contact manner.
給電側電路202是被配置於地上側，其構成是具備直流電壓生成電路204、電壓檢測手段21、交流電壓生成電路205、卷線N1、電壓檢測手段22、電流檢測手段23、控制手段211及通訊手段13。The power supply side circuit 202 is disposed on the ground side, and includes a DC voltage generating circuit 204, a voltage detecting means 21, an AC voltage generating circuit 205, a winding line N1, a voltage detecting means 22, a current detecting means 23, a control means 211, and Communication means 13.
另外，直流電壓生成電路204是輸入交流電源107的電力而輸出直流鏈電壓。Further, the DC voltage generating circuit 204 receives the power of the AC power source 107 and outputs a DC link voltage.
電壓檢測手段21是檢測出直流鏈電壓。The voltage detecting means 21 detects the DC link voltage.
交流電壓生成電路205是輸入直流電壓生成電路4的輸出電壓的直流鏈電壓，輸出任意的頻率fsw的交流電壓，往卷線N1供給高頻電力。The AC voltage generating circuit 205 is a DC link voltage that inputs an output voltage of the DC voltage generating circuit 4, outputs an AC voltage of an arbitrary frequency fsw, and supplies high frequency power to the winding N1.
卷線N1是藉由與後記的受電側電路203的卷線N2磁氣性地結合來以非接觸往卷線N2供給電力。The winding wire N1 is magnetically coupled to the winding wire N2 of the power receiving-side circuit 203 which will be described later, and supplies electric power to the winding wire N2 in a non-contact manner.
電壓檢測手段22是檢測出交流電壓生成電路205的輸出電壓，且將該資訊傳達至控制手段211。The voltage detecting means 22 detects the output voltage of the AC voltage generating circuit 205 and transmits the information to the control means 211.
電流檢測手段23是檢測出從交流電壓生成電路205 輸出的共振電流，且將該資訊傳達至控制手段211。The current detecting means 23 detects the slave AC voltage generating circuit 205. The resonant current is output and the information is communicated to the control means 211.
控制手段211是分別控制直流電壓生成電路204及交流電壓生成電路205。藉由此控制，直流鏈電壓Vdc及交流電壓的頻率fsw會分別被控制成任意的值。The control means 211 controls the DC voltage generating circuit 204 and the AC voltage generating circuit 205, respectively. By this control, the DC link voltage Vdc and the frequency fsw of the AC voltage are controlled to arbitrary values, respectively.
通訊手段13是與後記的受電側電路203的通訊手段14進行通訊。藉由此通訊來交換有關給電側電路202及受電側電路203的非接觸給電的資訊。The communication means 13 communicates with the communication means 14 of the power receiving side circuit 203 which will be described later. By this communication, information on the contactless power supply to the power supply side circuit 202 and the power receiving side circuit 203 is exchanged.
就直流電壓生成電路204而言，以圖10的第2實施形態的直流電壓生成電路104所構成的昇壓截斷器電路及降壓截斷器電路是成為藉由平滑電感線圈L3、降壓開關元件S201、降壓二極體D210、昇壓開關元件S202、昇壓二極體D211及直流鏈電容器C11所構成的H橋接電路的點不同。In the DC voltage generating circuit 204, the step-up chopper circuit and the buck chopper circuit constituted by the DC voltage generating circuit 104 of the second embodiment of FIG. 10 are formed by smoothing the inductor L3 and step-down switching element. The point of the H-bridge circuit formed by S201, the step-down diode D210, the step-up switching element S202, the step-up diode D211, and the DC link capacitor C11 is different.
在被橋接的整流二極體D11~D14的直流端子間串連降壓開關元件S210及降壓二極體D210，在降壓二極體D210的兩端間串連平滑電感線圈L3及昇壓開關元件S211。The step-down switching element S210 and the step-down diode D210 are connected in series between the DC terminals of the bridged rectifier diodes D11 to D14, and the smoothing inductor L3 and the boosting are connected in series between the two ends of the step-down diode D210. Switching element S211.
而且，在昇壓開關元件S211的兩端間串連有昇壓二極體D211及直流鏈電容器C11。Further, a step-up diode D211 and a DC link capacitor C11 are connected in series between both ends of the step-up switching element S211.
前述的H橋接電路是控制手段211所控制，進行將來自交流電源107的輸入電流控制成與交流電源107的電壓大概相似的正弦波狀之功率因素改善動作、及將直流鏈電壓控制成任意的值之直流鏈電壓控制。The H-bridge circuit described above is controlled by the control means 211, and performs a sinusoidal power factor improvement operation for controlling the input current from the AC power source 107 to be approximately similar to the voltage of the AC power source 107, and controlling the DC link voltage to an arbitrary value. Value DC link voltage control.
交流電壓生成電路205與圖10的第2實施形態的交 流電壓生成電路105作比較，以共振電容器Cr12作為共振電容器Cr13、Cr14，且在具備被全橋接的反並列二極體D1~D4的開關元件Q1~Q4之中，將開關元件Q1、Q2及反並列二極體D1、D2置換成開關元件Q5、Q6及二極體D5、D6，將開關元件Q3、Q4及反並列二極體D3、D4置換成共振電容器Cr13、Cr14的半橋接電路的點不同。AC voltage generating circuit 205 is intersected with the second embodiment of Fig. 10 The stream voltage generating circuit 105 compares the resonant capacitor Cr12 as the resonant capacitors Cr13 and Cr14, and the switching elements Q1 to Q2 and the switching elements Q1 to Q4 having the fully bridged inverted parallel diodes D1 to D4. The antiparallel diodes D1 and D2 are replaced by switching elements Q5 and Q6 and diodes D5 and D6, and the switching elements Q3 and Q4 and the antiparallel diodes D3 and D4 are replaced by a half bridge circuit of resonant capacitors Cr13 and Cr14. The point is different.
共振電容器Cr13、Cr14是與卷線N1形成LC共振電路，補償卷線N1的漏電感，且使交流電壓生成電路5的輸出電流的功率因素接近1。The resonance capacitors Cr13 and Cr14 form an LC resonance circuit with the winding wire N1, compensate the leakage inductance of the winding wire N1, and bring the power factor of the output current of the AC voltage generating circuit 5 close to 1.
另外，在圖11中，降壓開關元件S201及昇壓開關元件S202、及開關元件Q5、Q6是使用IGBT(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor)。In addition, in FIG. 11, the step-down switching element S201, the step-up switching element S202, and the switching elements Q5 and Q6 are IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors).
受電側電路203是被搭載於車輛，具備卷線N2、共振電容器Cr22、充電二次電路206、平滑電容器C21、電壓檢測手段24、電流檢測手段25、控制手段212、開關SW21及通訊手段14。The power receiving side circuit 203 is mounted on the vehicle, and includes a winding wire N2, a resonance capacitor Cr22, a charging secondary circuit 206, a smoothing capacitor C21, a voltage detecting means 24, a current detecting means 25, a control means 212, a switch SW21, and a communication means 14.
另外，卷線N2是藉由與卷線N1磁氣性地結合來從卷線N1以非接觸供給電力。Further, the winding wire N2 is magnetically coupled to the winding wire N1 to supply electric power from the winding wire N1 in a non-contact manner.
共振電容器Cr22是與卷線N2形成LC共振電路，補償卷線N2的漏電感，提高給電線圈T1間的傳送效率。The resonant capacitor Cr22 forms an LC resonance circuit with the winding wire N2, compensates for the leakage inductance of the winding wire N2, and improves the transmission efficiency between the power feeding coils T1.
充電二次電路106是以被橋接的二極體D21~D24所 構成，藉由橋接的二極體D21~D24來將被誘導至卷線N2的電流予以整流，把卷線N2的交流電力變換成直流電力，經由平滑電容器C21來往二次電池8供給直流電力。The charging secondary circuit 106 is a bridged diode D21~D24 In the configuration, the current induced to the winding wire N2 is rectified by the bridged diodes D21 to D24, and the AC power of the winding wire N2 is converted into DC power, and the DC power is supplied to the secondary battery 8 via the smoothing capacitor C21.
平滑電容器C21是將包含充電二次電路106所整流後的高調波的直流電力予以積蓄、平滑，而往二次電池8供給質佳的直流電力。The smoothing capacitor C21 accumulates and smoothes the DC power including the high-modulation wave rectified by the charging secondary circuit 106, and supplies the DC power of the secondary battery 8 with good quality.
電壓檢測手段24是檢測出充電二次電路206的輸出電壓Vo(平滑電容器C21的兩端電壓)，且將該資訊傳達至控制手段212。The voltage detecting means 24 detects the output voltage Vo of the charging secondary circuit 206 (the voltage across the smoothing capacitor C21), and transmits the information to the control means 212.
電流檢測手段25是檢測出充電二次電路206的輸出電流，且將該資訊傳達至控制手段212。The current detecting means 25 detects the output current of the charging secondary circuit 206 and transmits the information to the control means 212.
控制手段212是控制由IGBT所構成的開關SW21的開閉。The control means 212 controls the opening and closing of the switch SW21 composed of the IGBT.
開關SW21是開閉二次電池8與受電側電路103之間。開關SW21是藉由控制手段212來控制，從電源7往二次電池8供給電力的給電模式時以外是設為關閉，從二次電池8切離受電側電路103。The switch SW21 is between the open/close secondary battery 8 and the power receiving side circuit 103. The switch SW21 is controlled by the control means 212, and is turned off when the power supply mode is supplied from the power source 7 to the secondary battery 8, and is cut off from the secondary side battery 8 by the secondary battery 8.
通訊手段14是與給電側電路202的通訊手段13進行通訊。藉由此通訊來交換有關給電側電路202與受電側電路203的非接觸給電的資訊。The communication means 14 is in communication with the communication means 13 of the power supply side circuit 202. By this communication, information on the non-contact power supply to the power supply side circuit 202 and the power receiving side circuit 203 is exchanged.
另外，控制手段211與控制手段212是藉由通訊手段13與通訊手段14來以無線連接。Further, the control means 211 and the control means 212 are wirelessly connected by the communication means 13 and the communication means 14.
若根據第3實施形態，則在直流電壓生成電路204採用H橋接電路，可比實施例2的直流電壓生成電 路104更削減電感線圈的零件點數。According to the third embodiment, the H-bridge circuit is used in the DC voltage generating circuit 204, and the DC voltage can be generated in comparison with the DC voltage of the second embodiment. The path 104 further reduces the number of parts of the inductor coil.
而且，因為可減少導通元件數，所以可降低電路損失，可將來自電源207的電力予以效率佳地往二次電池8供給。並且，在交流電壓生成電路205採用半橋接電路，可削減開關元件及二極體的零件點數。Moreover, since the number of conduction elements can be reduced, the circuit loss can be reduced, and the electric power from the power source 207 can be efficiently supplied to the secondary battery 8. Further, the AC voltage generating circuit 205 employs a half bridge circuit, and the number of components of the switching element and the diode can be reduced.
其次，敘述有關本發明的非接觸給電裝置的第4實施形態。Next, a fourth embodiment of the non-contact power feeding device according to the present invention will be described.
圖12是本發明的第4實施形態的非接觸給電裝置301的電路構成圖。FIG. 12 is a circuit configuration diagram of the non-contact power feeding device 301 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
在圖12中，非接觸給電裝置301是以被連接於交流電源107與二次電池8之間的給電側電路302及受電側電路303所構成。In FIG. 12, the non-contact power feeding device 301 is constituted by a power supply side circuit 302 and a power receiving side circuit 303 which are connected between the AC power source 107 and the secondary battery 8.
而且，藉由給電側電路302的卷線N1及受電側電路303的卷線N2所構成的給電變壓器T1的磁氣性結合來從給電側電路302往受電側電路303以非接觸供給電力。In addition, the magnetic power of the power feeding transformer T1 composed of the winding N1 of the power supply side circuit 302 and the winding N2 of the power receiving side circuit 303 is combined to supply electric power from the power supply side circuit 302 to the power receiving side circuit 303 in a non-contact manner.
給電側電路302是被配置於地上側，其構成是具備直流電壓生成電路304、電壓檢測手段21、交流電壓生成電路305、共振電感線圈Lr1、共振電容器Cr12、卷線N1、電壓檢測手段22、電流檢測手段23、控制手段311及通訊手段13。The power supply side circuit 302 is disposed on the ground side, and includes a DC voltage generating circuit 304, a voltage detecting means 21, an AC voltage generating circuit 305, a resonant inductor Lr1, a resonant capacitor Cr12, a winding N1, and a voltage detecting means 22, Current detecting means 23, control means 311 and communication means 13.
另外，直流電壓生成電路304是輸入電源107的電力而輸出直流鏈電壓。Further, the DC voltage generating circuit 304 receives the power of the power source 107 and outputs a DC link voltage.
電壓檢測手段21是檢測出直流鏈電壓。The voltage detecting means 21 detects the DC link voltage.
交流電壓生成電路305是輸入直流電壓生成電路4的輸出電壓之直流鏈電壓，輸出任意的頻率fsw的交流電壓，往卷線N1供給高頻電力。The AC voltage generating circuit 305 is a DC link voltage that inputs an output voltage of the DC voltage generating circuit 4, outputs an AC voltage of an arbitrary frequency fsw, and supplies high frequency power to the winding N1.
共振電感線圈Lr1及共振電容器Cr12是與卷線N1形成LC共振電路，補償卷線N1的漏電感，且使交流電壓生成電路5的輸出電流的功率因素接近1。The resonant inductor Lr1 and the resonant capacitor Cr12 form an LC resonance circuit with the winding N1, compensate the leakage inductance of the winding N1, and bring the power factor of the output current of the AC voltage generating circuit 5 close to 1.
卷線N1是藉由與後記的受電側電路303的卷線N2磁氣性地結合來以非接觸往卷線N2供給電力。The winding wire N1 is magnetically coupled to the winding wire N2 of the power receiving-side circuit 303 which will be described later, and supplies electric power to the winding wire N2 in a non-contact manner.
電壓檢測手段22是檢測出交流電壓生成電路305的輸出電壓，且將該資訊傳達至控制手段311。The voltage detecting means 22 detects the output voltage of the alternating current voltage generating circuit 305 and transmits the information to the control means 311.
電流檢測手段23是檢測出從交流電壓生成電路305輸出的共振電流，且將該資訊傳達至控制手段311。The current detecting means 23 detects the resonance current output from the alternating current voltage generating circuit 305 and transmits the information to the control means 311.
控制手段311是分別控制直流電壓生成電路304及交流電壓生成電路305。藉由此控制，直流鏈電壓Vdc及交流電壓的頻率fsw會分別控制成任意的值。The control means 311 controls the DC voltage generating circuit 304 and the AC voltage generating circuit 305, respectively. By this control, the DC link voltage Vdc and the frequency fsw of the AC voltage are controlled to arbitrary values, respectively.
通訊手段13是與後記的受電側電路303的通訊手段14進行通訊。藉由此通訊來交換有關給電側電路302與受電側電路303的非接觸給電的資訊。The communication means 13 communicates with the communication means 14 of the power receiving side circuit 303 which will be described later. By this communication, information on the non-contact power supply to the power supply side circuit 302 and the power receiving side circuit 303 is exchanged.
受電側電路303是被搭載於車輛，具備卷線N2、共 振電容器Cr21、充電二次電路306、平滑電容器C21、開關SW32(第2開關)、定電壓電路309、電壓檢測手段24、電流檢測手段25、開關SW31(第1開關)、控制手段312及通訊手段14。The power receiving side circuit 303 is mounted on the vehicle and has a winding N2. Vibration capacitor Cr21, charging secondary circuit 306, smoothing capacitor C21, switch SW32 (second switch), constant voltage circuit 309, voltage detecting means 24, current detecting means 25, switch SW31 (first switch), control means 312, and communication Means 14.
另外，卷線N2是藉由與卷線N1磁氣性地結合來從卷線N1(給電側電路302)以非接觸來接受電力。Further, the winding wire N2 is magnetically coupled to the winding wire N1 to receive electric power from the winding wire N1 (the power feeding side circuit 302) in a non-contact manner.
共振電容器Cr21是與卷線N2形成LC共振電路，補償卷線N2的漏電感，提高給電線圈T1間的傳送效率。The resonant capacitor Cr21 forms an LC resonance circuit with the winding wire N2, compensates for the leakage inductance of the winding wire N2, and improves the transmission efficiency between the power feeding coils T1.
充電二次電路306是以被橋接的二極體D21~D24所構成，藉由橋接的二極體D21~D24來將被誘導至卷線N2的電流予以整流，把卷線N2的交流電力變換成直流電力，經由平滑電容器C21來往二次電池8供給直流電力。The charging secondary circuit 306 is composed of bridged diodes D21 to D24, and the current induced to the winding N2 is rectified by the bridged diodes D21 to D24, and the AC power of the winding N2 is converted. The DC power is supplied to the secondary battery 8 via the smoothing capacitor C21 to supply DC power.
平滑電容器C21是將包含充電二次電路306所整流的高調波的直流電力予以積蓄、平滑，而往二次電池8供給質佳的直流電力。The smoothing capacitor C21 stores and smoothes the DC power including the high-modulation wave rectified by the charging secondary circuit 306, and supplies the DC power of the secondary battery 8 with good quality.
定電壓電路309是將平滑電容器C21的兩端電壓保持於一定。並且，定電壓電路309是以曾納二極體(Zener diode)D30所構成。開關SW32是藉由控制手段312來控制。The constant voltage circuit 309 keeps the voltage across the smoothing capacitor C21 constant. Further, the constant voltage circuit 309 is constituted by a Zener diode D30. The switch SW32 is controlled by the control means 312.
電壓檢測手段24是檢測出充電二次電路306的輸出電壓Vo(平滑電容器C21的兩端電壓)，且將該資訊傳達至控制手段312。The voltage detecting means 24 detects the output voltage Vo of the charging secondary circuit 306 (the voltage across the smoothing capacitor C21), and transmits the information to the control means 312.
電流檢測手段25是檢測出充電二次電路306的輸出電流，且將該資訊傳達至控制手段312。The current detecting means 25 detects the output current of the charging secondary circuit 306 and transmits the information to the control means 312.
開關SW31是開閉二次電池8與受電側電路303之間。開關SW31是藉由控制手段312來控制，從電源7往二次電池8供給電力的給電模式時以外是設為關閉，從二次電池8切離受電側電路103。The switch SW31 is between the open/close secondary battery 8 and the power receiving side circuit 303. The switch SW31 is controlled by the control means 312. When the power supply mode is supplied from the power source 7 to the secondary battery 8, the switch SW31 is turned off, and the secondary battery 8 is disconnected from the power receiving side circuit 103.
控制手段312是如前述般，控制開關SW31與開關SW32的開閉。The control means 312 controls the opening and closing of the switch SW31 and the switch SW32 as described above.
通訊手段14是與給電側電路302的通訊手段13進行通訊。藉由此通訊來交換有關給電側電路302與受電側電路303的非接觸給電的資訊。The communication means 14 communicates with the communication means 13 of the power supply side circuit 302. By this communication, information on the non-contact power supply to the power supply side circuit 302 and the power receiving side circuit 303 is exchanged.
另外，控制手段311與控制手段312是藉由通訊手段13及通訊手段14來以無線連接。Further, the control means 311 and the control means 312 are wirelessly connected by the communication means 13 and the communication means 14.
另外，圖12的受電側電路303與圖10、圖11的受電側電路103、203的電路構成作比較，最顯著的特徵是具備開關SW32及定電壓電路309。藉由定電壓電路309之中的曾納二極體D30的作用，將平滑電容器C21的兩端電壓，亦即充電二次電路306的輸出電壓Vo大概保持於一定的電壓值。參照圖13~圖15的流程圖及圖16、圖17的交流電壓生成電路305的頻率、電壓的特性圖來敘述將此輸出電壓Vo大概保持於一定的電壓值所產生的效果。Further, the power receiving side circuit 303 of FIG. 12 is compared with the circuit configurations of the power receiving side circuits 103 and 203 of FIGS. 10 and 11, and the most remarkable feature is that the switch SW32 and the constant voltage circuit 309 are provided. The voltage across the smoothing capacitor C21, that is, the output voltage Vo of the secondary charging circuit 306 is approximately maintained at a constant voltage value by the action of the Zener diode D30 in the constant voltage circuit 309. The effect of maintaining the output voltage Vo approximately at a constant voltage value will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. 13 to 15 and the characteristic diagrams of the frequency and voltage of the AC voltage generating circuit 305 of FIGS. 16 and 17.
<非接觸給電裝置301的掃描模式中的動作><Operation in Scan Mode of Non-contact Power Supply Device 301>
以下參照圖13~16來說明有關在以上那樣構成的非接觸給電裝置301中，掃描模式中的動作。The operation in the scan mode in the non-contact power feeding device 301 configured as described above will be described below with reference to Figs. 13 to 16 .
另外，圖13~15所示的掃描模式的動作，其流程圖是與圖3~圖5共通之處多，所以在此是舉和第1實施形態中說明的掃描模式的動作相異的步驟為主來進行說明。In addition, since the flowchart of the scanning mode shown in FIGS. 13 to 15 is common to those of FIGS. 3 to 5, the steps of the scanning mode described in the first embodiment are different. For the main reason to explain.
首先，利用圖13來說明有關掃描模式的概略動作。First, a schematic operation of the scan mode will be described using FIG.
圖13是表示本發明的第4實施形態的掃描模式的頻率探索的非接觸給電裝置301的全體的動作的流程圖。FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing the overall operation of the non-contact power feeding device 301 for frequency search in the scan mode according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
在圖13中，僅步驟432(S432)為從圖3的流程圖增加的步驟。In Fig. 13, only step 432 (S432) is the step added from the flowchart of Fig. 3.
圖13的步驟400(S400)~步驟409(S409)是基本上分別對應於圖3的步驟100(S100)~步驟109(S109)。Steps 400 (S400) through 409 (S409) of Fig. 13 basically correspond to steps 100 (S100) to 109 (S109) of Fig. 3, respectively.
步驟432是在第4實施形態中新追加的步驟。在步驟432是藉由控制手段312來開啟開關SW32，連接平滑電容器C21及定電壓電路309。Step 432 is a newly added step in the fourth embodiment. In step 432, the switch SW32 is turned on by the control means 312, and the smoothing capacitor C21 and the constant voltage circuit 309 are connected.
另外，步驟432是在開始步驟400(S400)的頻率探索之後接著進行的步驟，步驟432之後是前進至步驟401(S401)。Further, the step 432 is a step which is subsequently performed after the frequency search of the start step 400 (S400), and after the step 432, the process proceeds to the step 401 (S401).
另外，步驟401~步驟402是大概與步驟101~步驟102相同，因此重複的說明省略。In addition, steps 401 to 402 are roughly the same as steps 101 to 102, and thus the repeated description is omitted.
在步驟403是根據依曾納二極體D30(圖12)的特性而定的輸出電壓Vo及在步驟403所設定的電壓比指令值Kvref，利用其次所示的式(4)來設定直流鏈電壓的初期值Vdc1。In step 403, the output voltage Vo according to the characteristics of the Eternal diode D30 (FIG. 12) and the voltage ratio command value Kvref set in step 403 are used to set the DC link by the equation (4) shown next. The initial value of the voltage is Vdc1.
Vdc1=Vo/Kvref．．．式(4)Vdc1=Vo/Kvref. . . Formula (4)
另外，由式(4)來決定初期值Vdc1是在第3實施形態的非接觸給電裝置中，可藉由使用曾納二極體D30的定電壓電路309(圖12)來將掃描模式中的輸出電壓Vo保持於一定。Further, the initial value Vdc1 is determined by the equation (4). In the non-contact power supply device of the third embodiment, the constant voltage circuit 309 (FIG. 12) using the Zener diode D30 can be used in the scan mode. The output voltage Vo is kept constant.
另外，步驟404~步驟409是如前述般大概與步驟104~步驟109相同，因此重複的說明省略。In addition, steps 404 to 409 are the same as steps 104 to 109 as described above, and thus the repeated description is omitted.
圖14是表示掃描模式的頻率探索的交流電壓生成電路305的動作邏輯的詳細的流程圖。FIG. 14 is a detailed flowchart showing the operational logic of the AC voltage generating circuit 305 for frequency search in the scan mode.
由圖14的步驟500(S500)~步驟505(S505)所構成的流程圖是有關圖12的交流電壓生成電路305的動作的流程圖，由於與有關圖1的交流電壓生成電路5的動作邏輯的流程圖之圖4的步驟200(S200)~步驟205(S205)所構成的流程圖大概相同，因此重複的說明省略。The flowchart formed by steps 500 (S500) to 505 (S505) of Fig. 14 is a flowchart relating to the operation of the AC voltage generating circuit 305 of Fig. 12, and the operation logic of the AC voltage generating circuit 5 of Fig. 1 The flowcharts of steps 200 (S200) to 205 (S205) of FIG. 4 of the flowchart are substantially the same, and thus the repeated description is omitted.
其次，參照圖15及圖16來說明有關直流電壓生成電路304的動作。Next, the operation of the DC voltage generating circuit 304 will be described with reference to Figs. 15 and 16 .
圖15是有關掃描模式的頻率探索的直流電壓生成電路304的動作邏輯的流程圖。FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing the operational logic of the DC voltage generating circuit 304 for frequency search in the scan mode.
並且，圖16是表示在受電側具備定電壓電路的第4實施形態的掃描模式的交流電壓生成電路5的頻率fsw、輸出電壓Vo、直流鏈電壓Vdc的特性的圖。橫軸是時間time，在縱軸是重疊顯示fsw、Fs及Fe的頻率、及Vdc、Vo的電壓。In addition, FIG. 16 is a view showing characteristics of the frequency fsw, the output voltage Vo, and the DC link voltage Vdc of the AC voltage generating circuit 5 in the scan mode of the fourth embodiment including the constant voltage circuit on the power receiving side. The horizontal axis is time time, and the vertical axis is a voltage at which fsw, Fs, and Fe are superimposed, and voltages of Vdc and Vo are displayed.
就第3實施形態而言，如圖16的時刻t52~t53的期間所示般，可藉由定電壓電路309來使掃描模式中的輸出電壓Vo形成一定。In the third embodiment, as shown in the period from time t52 to time t53 of FIG. 16, the output voltage Vo in the scan mode can be made constant by the constant voltage circuit 309.
其結果，可將頻率探索時的直流電壓生成電路4的電壓比指令值Vdcref在步驟404所設定的初期值Vdc1設為一定。As a result, the initial value Vdc1 set in step 404 can be made constant by the voltage of the DC voltage generating circuit 4 at the time of frequency search than the command value Vdcref.
藉此，如圖15所示般，由於不需要第1實施形態中所必要之檢測出輸出電壓Vo的圖5的步驟301及按照輸出電壓Vo的變化來更新電壓比指令值Vdcref的步驟302，因此可使直流電壓生成電路304的控制簡略化。Therefore, as shown in FIG. 15, step 301 of FIG. 5 for detecting the output voltage Vo required in the first embodiment and step 302 of updating the voltage ratio command value Vdcref according to the change of the output voltage Vo are not required. Therefore, the control of the DC voltage generating circuit 304 can be simplified.
亦即，圖15是以步驟600(S600)及步驟603(S603)~步驟606(S606)所構成。亦即，有關步驟600及步驟603~步驟606是與圖5的步驟300及步驟303~步驟306同動作。但，相當於圖5的步驟301(S301)及步驟302(S302)的步驟在圖15中無。That is, FIG. 15 is composed of step 600 (S600) and steps 603 (S603) to 606 (S606). That is, the step 600 and the steps 603 to 606 are the same as the step 300 and the steps 303 to 306 of FIG. However, the steps corresponding to steps 301 (S301) and 302 (S302) of FIG. 5 are absent in FIG.
有關直流電壓生成電路304的動作是與在第1實施形態的圖1所示的直流電壓生成電路4同動作，因此在此是省略說明。Since the operation of the DC voltage generating circuit 304 operates in the same manner as the DC voltage generating circuit 4 shown in FIG. 1 of the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted.
圖17是表示第4實施形態的掃描模式的交流電壓生成電路(交流電壓生成手段)305的頻率fsw、輸出電壓Vo、直流鏈電壓Vdc的特性的圖，在不同的Kv的條件中，進行2次掃描模式時的特性圖。橫軸是時間time，在縱軸是重疊顯示fsw、Fs及Fe的頻率、及Vdc、Vo的電壓。FIG. 17 is a view showing characteristics of the frequency fsw, the output voltage Vo, and the DC link voltage Vdc of the AC voltage generating circuit (AC voltage generating means) 305 in the scanning mode according to the fourth embodiment, and is performed under different conditions of Kv. Characteristic diagram in the sub-scan mode. The horizontal axis is time time, and the vertical axis is a voltage at which fsw, Fs, and Fe are superimposed, and voltages of Vdc and Vo are displayed.
在圖16是顯示電壓比Kv為以1個的條件來頻率探索時的動作，但如圖17所示般，進行頻率探索的電壓比Kv的條件為複數存在時，也可與實施例1同樣地進行頻率探索。In the case where the voltage ratio Kv is displayed on a frequency of one condition, the operation is performed. However, as shown in FIG. 17, when the condition of the voltage ratio Kv for frequency search is plural, the same as in the first embodiment. Frequency exploration.
另外，就圖17而言，在t62~t63是根據Kv61的條件來使頻率fsw掃描，且在t64~t65是根據Kv62的條件來使頻率fsw掃描。Further, in Fig. 17, the frequency fsw is scanned in accordance with the condition of Kv61 at t62 to t63, and the frequency fsw is scanned in accordance with the condition of Kv62 at t64 to t65.
如圖16、圖17所示般，若根據第4實施形態，則藉由在受電側電路具備定電壓電路，可將掃描模式中的輸出電壓保持於一定。因此，在直流鏈電壓的控制不需要輸出電力的反餽，可謀求非接觸給電裝置的控制的簡略化。As shown in FIG. 16 and FIG. 17, according to the fourth embodiment, the output voltage in the scan mode can be kept constant by providing the constant voltage circuit on the power receiving side circuit. Therefore, the control of the DC link voltage does not require feedback of the output power, and the control of the non-contact power supply device can be simplified.
其次，以將本發明的非接觸給電裝置採用於電動汽車的電源系統的形態作為第5實施形態進行說明。Next, a configuration in which the non-contact power supply device of the present invention is applied to a power supply system of an electric vehicle will be described as a fifth embodiment.
圖18是表示採用本發明的第5實施形態的非接觸給電裝置401的電動汽車400的電源系統的概要的構成圖。FIG. 18 is a configuration diagram showing an outline of a power supply system of an electric vehicle 400 in which the non-contact power supply device 401 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention is applied.
在圖18中，非接觸給電裝置401是具備：對驅動動力用馬達422的反相器(inverter)421進行電力供給的二次電池408、及交流電源407。In FIG. 18, the non-contact power feeding device 401 includes a secondary battery 408 that supplies electric power to an inverter 421 that drives the power motor 422, and an AC power supply 407.
非接觸給電裝置401是具備直流電壓生成電路404、交流電壓生成電路405、卷線N1、卷線N2、充電二次電路406、控制手段411、412及通訊手段13、14。此非接觸給電裝置401的構成是與第1實施形態~第4實施形態基本上同構成。The non-contact power feeding device 401 includes a DC voltage generating circuit 404, an AC voltage generating circuit 405, a winding N1, a winding N2, a charging secondary circuit 406, control means 411, 412, and communication means 13, 14. The configuration of the non-contact power feeding device 401 is basically the same as that of the first embodiment to the fourth embodiment.
非接觸給電裝置401是從直流電壓生成電路404、交流電壓生成電路405、卷線N1及卷線N2經由充電二次電路406來將交流電源407的電力供給至二次電池408。The non-contact power feeding device 401 supplies the electric power of the alternating current power source 407 to the secondary battery 408 from the direct current voltage generating circuit 404, the alternating current voltage generating circuit 405, the winding line N1, and the winding line N2 via the charging secondary circuit 406.
如圖18所示般，在電動汽車的電源系統採用本發明的非接觸給電裝置時，由於非接觸給電裝置401可使掃描模式時的電力比給電模式時更小電力化，因此可降低作為電動汽車的電源系統的非接觸給電裝置401的耗費電力。As shown in FIG. 18, when the power supply system of the electric vehicle adopts the non-contact power feeding device of the present invention, since the non-contact power feeding device 401 can make the electric power in the scanning mode smaller than that in the electric power feeding mode, it can be reduced as electric power. The power consumption of the non-contact power feeding device 401 of the power supply system of the automobile.
以上，參照圖面來詳述本發明的實施形態，但本發明 並非限於該等實施形態及其變形，亦可為不脫離本發明的主旨範圍的設計變更等，以下舉其例。Hereinabove, the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the present invention The present invention is not limited to the embodiments and variations thereof, and modifications and the like may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
在圖1所示的例子，共振電容器Cr11是設為對卷線N1串聯的構成，但亦可設為與卷線N1並聯的構成。並且，共振電容器Cr21是設為與卷線N2串聯的構成，但亦可設為與卷線N2並聯的構成。In the example shown in FIG. 1, the resonant capacitor Cr11 has a configuration in which the winding N1 is connected in series, but may be configured in parallel with the winding N1. Further, the resonant capacitor Cr21 is configured to be connected in series with the winding wire N2, but may be configured to be connected in parallel with the winding wire N2.
在圖3的步驟103中，圖4所示的掃描模式的動作是將頻率探索時的頻率fsw的初期頻率Fs設定成在掃描頻率最高的頻率，朝終了頻率Fe使交流電壓生成電路5的頻率fsw從高的值往低的值變化，但並非限於此。In step 103 of FIG. 3, the operation of the scanning mode shown in FIG. 4 is to set the initial frequency Fs of the frequency fsw at the time of frequency exploration to the frequency at which the scanning frequency is the highest, and to the frequency of the alternating voltage generating circuit 5 toward the end frequency Fe. Fsw changes from a high value to a low value, but is not limited to this.
亦可事先保有顯示給電側電路2與受電側電路3的距離D和初期頻率Fs及終了頻率Fe的關係的表，從藉由距離感測器所檢測出的給電側電路2與受電側電路3的距離D來參照表、藉此設定掃描頻率的初期頻率Fs及終了頻率Fe。A table showing the relationship between the distance D between the power supply side circuit 2 and the power receiving side circuit 3 and the initial frequency Fs and the final frequency Fe may be stored in advance, from the power supply side circuit 2 and the power receiving side circuit 3 detected by the distance sensor. The distance D is referred to the table, thereby setting the initial frequency Fs of the scanning frequency and the final frequency Fe.
並且，在圖4的步驟202(S202)是檢測出共振電流的相位，但亦可檢測出共振電流的振幅或絕對值。Further, in step 202 (S202) of FIG. 4, the phase of the resonance current is detected, but the amplitude or absolute value of the resonance current may be detected.
並且，在圖6中，於時刻t1~t2的期間的區間，以交流電壓生成電路5的頻率fsw作為在步驟104所設定的初期頻率Fs，但並非限於此。例如，亦可將卷線N1及共振電容器Cr11的共振頻率設定成交流電壓生成電路5的頻率fsw而進行初期充電動作。並且，為了縮短初期充電期間(圖6中的時刻t1~t2的期間)，亦可不將頻率fsw設為一定，一邊探索充電電力成為最大的頻率fsw，一邊進行初期充電動作。In addition, in FIG. 6, the frequency fsw of the AC voltage generating circuit 5 is the initial frequency Fs set in the step 104 in the period from the time t1 to the time t2, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the resonant frequency of the winding N1 and the resonant capacitor Cr11 may be set to the frequency fsw of the AC voltage generating circuit 5 to perform an initial charging operation. In order to shorten the initial charging period (the period from time t1 to time t2 in FIG. 6), the initial charging operation may be performed while searching for the frequency fsw at which the charging power becomes maximum without setting the frequency fsw constant.
並且，在圖10所示的第2實施形態是將電源107設為交流電源，但亦可為直流電源。在將電源107設為直流電源時，亦可為不經由直流電壓生成電路104的整流二極體D11~D14，而是從電源107經由平滑電容器C10來連接降壓截斷器電路的構成。Further, in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 10, the power source 107 is an AC power source, but it may be a DC power source. When the power source 107 is a DC power source, the rectifier diodes D11 to D14 that do not pass through the DC voltage generating circuit 104 may be connected from the power source 107 via the smoothing capacitor C10.
並且，在圖10所示的第2實施形態是將電源107設為單相交流電源，但亦可為三相交流電源。在將電源107設為三相交流電源時，亦可為不經由昇壓截斷器電路，而是從電源107經由整流二極體D11~D14及平滑電容器C10來連接降壓截斷器電路的構成。Further, in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 10, the power source 107 is a single-phase AC power source, but it may be a three-phase AC power source. When the power source 107 is a three-phase AC power source, the buck circuit breaker circuit may be connected from the power source 107 via the rectifying diodes D11 to D14 and the smoothing capacitor C10 without passing through the booster circuit.
並且，在圖10中是將昇壓開關元件S1、降壓開關元件S2及開關元件Q1~Q4設為MOSFET。並且，在圖11中是將昇壓開關元件S1、降壓開關元件S2及開關元件Q5、Q6設為IGBT。但，並非是限於該等的裝置。例如可使用雙極電晶體或BiCMOS。Further, in FIG. 10, the boosting switching element S1, the step-down switching element S2, and the switching elements Q1 to Q4 are MOSFETs. Further, in FIG. 11, the boosting switching element S1, the step-down switching element S2, and the switching elements Q5 and Q6 are IGBTs. However, it is not limited to such devices. For example, a bipolar transistor or a BiCMOS can be used.
並且，將開關SW11設為MOSFET，但亦可使用IGBT或繼電器開關。Further, the switch SW11 is a MOSFET, but an IGBT or a relay switch can also be used.
並且，在圖10中是將反並列二極體D1~D4分別連接至開關元件Q1~Q4。然而，因為開關元件Q1~Q4是以MOSFET所構成，所只要利用寄生於MOSFET的二極體，該等的二極體便會進行與反並列二極體D1~D4同等的動作，因此有時亦可不將反並列二極體D1~D4作為零件附加。Further, in FIG. 10, the anti-parallel diodes D1 to D4 are connected to the switching elements Q1 to Q4, respectively. However, since the switching elements Q1 to Q4 are formed of MOSFETs, the diodes are parasitic to the diodes of the MOSFET, and the diodes operate in the same manner as the antiparallel diodes D1 to D4. It is also possible not to attach the anti-parallel diodes D1 to D4 as parts.
本發明的非接觸給電裝置是可適用在電動汽車或插電式混合動力汽車(Plug-in hybrid)或電動輔助自行車所使用的二次電池充電用的電源裝置或工廠的搬送裝置的電源裝置或電動工具、電視或電腦等的固定型機器或行動電話等的行動機器的電源裝置等。The non-contact power feeding device of the present invention is applicable to a power supply device for charging a secondary battery used in an electric car, a plug-in hybrid or a power-assisted bicycle, or a power supply device for a factory transport device or A power supply device such as a power tool, a stationary device such as a television or a computer, or a mobile device such as a mobile phone.
1‧‧‧非接觸給電裝置1‧‧‧ Non-contact power supply
2‧‧‧給電側電路2‧‧‧Power supply side circuit
3‧‧‧受電側電路3‧‧‧Power-side circuit
4‧‧‧直流電壓生成電路、直流電壓生成手段、第1電路4‧‧‧DC voltage generation circuit, DC voltage generation means, and first circuit
5‧‧‧交流電壓生成電路、交流電壓生成手段、第2電路5‧‧‧AC voltage generation circuit, AC voltage generation means, and 2nd circuit
6‧‧‧充電二次電路、第3電路6‧‧‧Charging secondary circuit, third circuit
7‧‧‧電源、交流電源7‧‧‧Power supply, AC power supply
8‧‧‧二次電池8‧‧‧Secondary battery
11‧‧‧控制手段、第1控制手段11‧‧‧Control means, first control means
12‧‧‧控制手段、第2控制手段12‧‧‧Control means, second control means
13、14‧‧‧通訊手段、通訊機13, 14‧‧‧Communication means, communication machine
21、22、24‧‧‧電壓感測器、電壓檢測手段21, 22, 24‧‧‧ voltage sensor, voltage detection means
23、25‧‧‧電流感測器、電流檢測手段23, 25‧‧‧ Current sensor, current detection means
C21‧‧‧平滑電容器C21‧‧‧Smoothing capacitor
Cr11、Cr21‧‧‧共振電容器Cr11, Cr21‧‧‧ resonant capacitor
N1‧‧‧卷線、第1卷線N1‧‧‧winding, first winding
N2‧‧‧卷線、第2卷線N2‧‧‧winding, second winding
T1‧‧‧給電變壓器T1‧‧‧Power transformer
SW1‧‧‧開關(第1開關)SW1‧‧‧ switch (1st switch)
Claims (19)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2012/055430 WO2013128641A1 (en) | 2012-03-02 | 2012-03-02 | Non-contact power supply device |
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| TW201340529A TW201340529A (en) | 2013-10-01 |
| TWI492476B true TWI492476B (en) | 2015-07-11 |
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| TW102103478A TWI492476B (en) | 2012-03-02 | 2013-01-30 | Non-contact power supply |
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| JP (1) | JP5800981B2 (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI492476B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013128641A1 (en) |
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| KR102152691B1 (en) | 2013-09-13 | 2020-09-08 | 엘지이노텍 주식회사 | Apparatus for contolling the charging, method for controlling the charging and apparatus for receiving wireless power having the same |
| CN104659925A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2015-05-27 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Wireless power transceiving method and device |
| CN104065179B (en) | 2014-06-27 | 2016-11-02 | 南京矽力杰半导体技术有限公司 | Electric supply installation, integrated circuit, electric energy transmitting terminal and impedance matching methods |
| JP2016021786A (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2016-02-04 | 船井電機株式会社 | Non-contact power supply device and non-contact power supply system |
| CN104057834B (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2016-05-04 | 王新国 | Compound electric commercialization, passenger car and power set |
| CN104319740A (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2015-01-28 | 江苏嘉钰新能源技术有限公司 | Monitoring and protecting device for electric field coupling wireless charging system and method thereof |
| CN104701999B (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2017-12-26 | 南京矽力杰半导体技术有限公司 | Mode of resonance contactless power supply device, electric energy transmitting terminal and control method |
| WO2017047454A1 (en) | 2015-09-17 | 2017-03-23 | 株式会社Ihi | Power transmission device, and contactless power supply system |
| KR101755125B1 (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-07-07 | 한국생산기술연구원 | Wireless power transmitting device and operating method thereof |
| CN108473066A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2018-08-31 | 日本电产株式会社 | Movable body system |
| CN108473067A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2018-08-31 | 日本电产株式会社 | Movable body system |
| JP2017147784A (en) * | 2016-02-15 | 2017-08-24 | 株式会社ダイヘン | Non-contact charging system |
| TWI621865B (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2018-04-21 | 致茂電子股份有限公司 | Testing device providing alternating current and direct current superposition signal |
| KR102483258B1 (en) | 2018-02-06 | 2023-01-02 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Wireless power transmission apparatus and wireless power transmission method thereof |
| KR20210096131A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2021-08-04 | 위트리시티 코포레이션 | Systems and Methods for Low Power Excitation in High Power Wireless Power Systems |
| US11557921B2 (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2023-01-17 | Ut-Battelle, Llc | Wireless power system |
| CN115529709B (en) * | 2022-11-24 | 2023-03-10 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Power supply suitable for plasma gun |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JP5800981B2 (en) | 2015-10-28 |
| TW201340529A (en) | 2013-10-01 |
| JPWO2013128641A1 (en) | 2015-07-30 |
| WO2013128641A1 (en) | 2013-09-06 |
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