TWI488973B - Compensating apparatus, method and method for refining iron - Google Patents
Compensating apparatus, method and method for refining iron Download PDFInfo
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- TWI488973B TWI488973B TW103112641A TW103112641A TWI488973B TW I488973 B TWI488973 B TW I488973B TW 103112641 A TW103112641 A TW 103112641A TW 103112641 A TW103112641 A TW 103112641A TW I488973 B TWI488973 B TW I488973B
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- measured value
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- exhaust gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
- C21C5/46—Details or accessories
- C21C5/4673—Measuring and sampling devices
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/38—Removal of waste gases or dust
- C21C5/40—Offtakes or separating apparatus for converter waste gases or dust
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Investigating And Analyzing Materials By Characteristic Methods (AREA)
- Control Of Non-Electrical Variables (AREA)
Description
本發明是有關於一種對鋼鐵精煉設備的計測值及操作量進行補正的補正裝置、補正方法及鋼鐵精煉方法。The present invention relates to a correction device, a correction method, and a steel refining method for correcting measurement values and operation amounts of steel refining equipment.
一般而言，在鋼鐵精煉製程(process)、非鐵金屬製造製程、化學製程、石油精製製程等工業用製程中，使用各種感測器來對監視對象的量進行計測，藉此進行製程控制或作業監視。然而，感測器未必配設於優良的計測環境下，從而有時難以提高監視對象的量的計測精度。例如在對廢氣的流量進行計測的感測器中，因廢氣的流量、壓力、及溫度的頻繁變動或廢氣所流經的配管的複雜形狀，而容易產生計測誤差。基於上述背景，在化學製程或石油精製製程中，利用了藉由利用製程中進出的物質的守恆定律(conservation law)或能量守恆定律而減小感測器的計測誤差的方法(參照非專利文獻1)。而且，專利文獻1中記載了如 下技術：在鋼鐵精煉製程中，根據藉由吹煉處理中的中間取樣而獲得的鋼液成分的分析結果來動態獲知對廢氣中所含的碳量的計測值進行補正的係數，使用所獲知的係數來補正中間取樣時間點以後的碳量的計測值，並根據經補正的計測值而推斷鋼液中的碳濃度。Generally, in an industrial process such as a steel refining process, a non-ferrous metal manufacturing process, a chemical process, or a petroleum refining process, various sensors are used to measure the amount of the monitored object, thereby performing process control or Job monitoring. However, the sensor is not necessarily disposed in an excellent measurement environment, and it is sometimes difficult to increase the measurement accuracy of the amount of the monitoring target. For example, in a sensor that measures the flow rate of exhaust gas, measurement errors are likely to occur due to frequent fluctuations in the flow rate, pressure, and temperature of the exhaust gas or the complicated shape of the piping through which the exhaust gas flows. Based on the above background, in a chemical process or a petroleum refining process, a method of reducing the measurement error of the sensor by using a conservation law or a law of conservation of energy in and out of the process is used (refer to the non-patent literature). 1). Further, Patent Document 1 describes such as In the steel refining process, the coefficient of correction of the measured value of the amount of carbon contained in the exhaust gas is dynamically obtained from the analysis result of the molten steel component obtained by the intermediate sampling in the blowing process, and the knowledge is known. The coefficient is used to correct the measured value of the carbon amount after the intermediate sampling time point, and the carbon concentration in the molten steel is estimated based on the corrected measured value.
先行技術文獻Advanced technical literature
專利文獻1：日本專利特開平09-272913號公報Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 09-272913
非專利文獻Non-patent literature
非專利文獻1：J.羅馬尼奧利(J.Romagnoli)，M.C.桑切斯(M.C.Sanchez)著，「化學處理操作的資料處理與協調」，卷2(「程序系統工程」)，學術出版社(Data Processing and Reconciliation for Chemical Process Operations)，Vol.2(Process Systems Engineering)，Academic PressNon-Patent Document 1: J. Romagnoli, MC Sanchez, "Data Processing and Coordination of Chemical Processing Operations", Volume 2 ("Program System Engineering"), Academic Press ( Data Processing and Reconciliation for Chemical Process Operations), Vol. 2 (Process Systems Engineering), Academic Press
然而，非專利文獻1記載的方法在感測器的計測誤差沒有偏差時可良好地發揮功能，但在感測器的計測誤差具有偏離(bias)等偏差時，亦即在感測器的計測誤差包含系統誤差時，難以減小感測器的計測誤差。一般而言，大多情況下會在鋼鐵精煉製程中所使用的計測值中包含系統誤差，且該系統誤差有時會根據時期的不同而發生變動。因此，即便將非專利文獻1記載的方法應用於鋼鐵精煉製程中，亦難以減小計測值的誤差。However, the method described in Non-Patent Document 1 can function satisfactorily when there is no variation in the measurement error of the sensor. However, when the measurement error of the sensor has a deviation such as a deviation, that is, measurement of the sensor When the error contains systematic errors, it is difficult to reduce the measurement error of the sensor. In general, in many cases, systematic errors are included in the measured values used in the steel refining process, and the system errors sometimes vary depending on the period. Therefore, even if the method described in Non-Patent Document 1 is applied to a steel refining process, it is difficult to reduce the error of the measured value.
另一方面，專利文獻1記載的技術是根據藉由吹煉處理 中的中間取樣而獲得的鋼液成分的分析結果，來推斷作為鋼鐵精煉製程的重要操作量之一的鋼液中的碳濃度。然而，鋼鐵精煉製程中，多次進行在處理中途投入包含碳成分的輔助材料的作業。該作業中，因難以即時計測輔助材料中所含的碳成分的比例，故大多情況下將輔助材料中的碳成分的比例固定為規定的設定值而投入輔助材料，藉此計算添加至鋼液中的碳量。因此，根據專利文獻1記載的技術，當在中間取樣時間點以後輔助材料中的碳成分的比例從設定值發生變動的情況下，有隨著輔助材料的投入量增加而鋼液中的碳濃度的推斷精度變差的可能性，換言之，有隨著吹煉處理推進而鋼液中的碳濃度的推斷精度變差的可能性。On the other hand, the technique described in Patent Document 1 is based on the treatment by blowing The analysis result of the molten steel component obtained by the intermediate sampling in the middle is used to estimate the carbon concentration in the molten steel which is one of the important operational amounts of the steel refining process. However, in the steel refining process, an operation of supplying an auxiliary material containing a carbon component in the middle of the process is performed a plurality of times. In this operation, since it is difficult to measure the ratio of the carbon component contained in the auxiliary material in real time, in many cases, the ratio of the carbon component in the auxiliary material is fixed to a predetermined set value, and the auxiliary material is input, thereby calculating the addition to the molten steel. The amount of carbon in the water. Therefore, according to the technique described in Patent Document 1, when the ratio of the carbon component in the auxiliary material fluctuates from the set value after the intermediate sampling time point, the carbon concentration in the molten steel increases as the amount of the auxiliary material is increased. The possibility that the estimation accuracy is deteriorated, in other words, there is a possibility that the estimation accuracy of the carbon concentration in the molten steel deteriorates as the blowing process advances.
本發明鑒於上述課題而完成，其目的在於提供一種可對鋼鐵精煉設備的計測值及藉由投入輔助材料而添加至鋼液中的碳量進行高精度地補正的補正裝置、補正方法及鋼鐵精煉方法。The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a correction device, a correction method, and a steel refining method capable of accurately correcting the measured value of the steel refining equipment and the amount of carbon added to the molten steel by the input of the auxiliary material. method.
為了解決上述課題而達成目的，本發明的補正裝置對鋼鐵精煉設備的計測值及操作量進行補正，其特徵在於上述計測值包括：供給至鋼鐵精煉設備的氣體的流量的計測值，自鋼鐵精煉設備排出的廢氣的流量的計測值，廢氣的成分濃度的計測值，精煉處理前、精煉處理中途及精煉處理後的鋼液的成分濃度的計測值，及原料的重量的計測值，上述操作量包括輔助材料的投入量， 上述補正裝置包括：作業資料庫，儲存過去爐料(charge)的作業績效(operation achievement)資訊；過去爐料選擇部，自上述作業資料庫中選擇具有與處理對象爐料的作業資訊的差異處於規定範圍內的作業績效資訊的過去爐料；以及補正參數計算部，針對每一藉由上述過去爐料選擇部選擇的過去爐料而算出碳的質量平衡的誤差，以所算出的誤差的合計值為最小的方式，算出上述計測值及藉由投入輔助材料而添加至鋼液中的碳量的補正量。In order to achieve the object of solving the above problems, the correction device of the present invention corrects the measured value and the manipulated amount of the steel refining equipment, and the measured value includes a measured value of the flow rate of the gas supplied to the steel refining facility, and is refined from steel. The measured value of the flow rate of the exhaust gas discharged from the equipment, the measured value of the component concentration of the exhaust gas, the measured value of the component concentration of the molten steel before the refining process, the middle of the refining process, and the refining process, and the measured value of the weight of the raw material, the above-mentioned operation amount Including the amount of auxiliary materials, The correction device includes: an operation database for storing operation achievement information of the past charge; the past charge selection unit selects, from the operation database, a difference between the operation information and the operation information of the treatment target material within a predetermined range. The past charge of the work performance information; and the correction parameter calculation unit calculates an error of the mass balance of the carbon for each of the past charge selected by the past charge selection unit, and the total value of the calculated errors is the smallest. The above-mentioned measured value and the amount of correction of the amount of carbon added to the molten steel by the input of the auxiliary material were calculated.
本發明的補正裝置的特徵在於，上述發明中上述補正參數計算部將使碳的出入量比與1之差的平方值乘以權重係數(weighting factor)所得的值作為碳的質量平衡的誤差而算出。In the above-described correction device of the present invention, the correction parameter calculation unit multiplies the square value of the difference between the carbon input and the amount of 1 by the weighting factor as the error of the mass balance of the carbon. Calculated.
本發明的補正裝置的特徵在於，上述發明中上述補正參數計算部將廢氣的流量的補正量及廢氣的成分濃度的補正量中的至少其中之一加上對應的計測值，藉此對廢氣的流量及廢氣的成分濃度中的至少其中之一進行補正。In the correction device according to the present invention, the correction parameter calculation unit adds at least one of a correction amount of the flow rate of the exhaust gas and a correction amount of the component concentration of the exhaust gas to the corresponding measurement value. At least one of the flow rate and the component concentration of the exhaust gas is corrected.
本發明的補正方法對鋼鐵精煉設備的計測值及操作量進行補正，其特徵在於上述計測值包括：供給至鋼鐵精煉設備的氣體的流量的計測值，自鋼鐵精煉設備排出的廢氣的流量的計測值，廢氣的成分濃度的計測值，精煉處理前、精煉處理中途及精煉處理後的鋼液的成分濃度的計測值，及原料的重量的計測值，上述操作量包括輔助材料的投入量，上述補正方法包括：過去爐料選擇步驟，選擇具有與處理對象爐料的作業資訊的差異處於規 定範圍內的作業績效資訊的過去爐料；以及補正參數計算步驟，針對每一上述過去爐料選擇步驟中選擇的過去爐料而算出碳的質量平衡的誤差，以所算出的誤差的合計值為最小的方式，算出上述計測值及藉由投入輔助材料而添加至鋼液中的碳量的補正量。The correction method of the present invention corrects the measured value and the manipulated amount of the steel refining equipment, and the measured value includes the measured value of the flow rate of the gas supplied to the steel refining equipment, and the measurement of the flow rate of the exhaust gas discharged from the steel refining equipment. The value, the measured value of the component concentration of the exhaust gas, the measured value of the component concentration of the molten steel before the refining process, the middle of the refining process, and the refining process, and the measured value of the weight of the raw material, wherein the operation amount includes the amount of the auxiliary material to be injected, The correction method includes: in the past, the charge selection step, and the difference between the operation information having the charge and the charge to be processed is in compliance. a past charge of the job performance information within a predetermined range; and a correction parameter calculation step of calculating a carbon mass balance error for each of the past charge selected in the past charge selection step, and the total value of the calculated errors is the smallest In the manner, the above-mentioned measured value and the amount of correction of the amount of carbon added to the molten steel by the input of the auxiliary material are calculated.
本發明的鋼鐵精煉方法根據週期性地或在指定的時刻推斷出的吹煉處理中途的鋼液的成分濃度及溫度，而算出送氧速度及噴槍(lance)高度，上述鋼鐵精煉方法的特徵在於包括下述步驟：根據吹煉處理即將開始前的鋼液的成分濃度及溫度、自吹煉處理開始至吹煉處理中途為止的送氧速度及輔助材料投入量、自吹煉處理開始至吹煉處理中途為止的廢氣的流量與成分濃度的計測值、以及藉由上述發明而算出的上述補正量，來算出送氧速度及噴槍高度。In the steel refining method of the present invention, the oxygen supply rate and the lance height are calculated based on the component concentration and temperature of the molten steel in the middle of the blowing process which is estimated periodically or at a predetermined time, and the steel refining method is characterized in that the steel refining method is characterized in that The method includes the following steps: the component concentration and temperature of the molten steel immediately before the start of the blowing process, the oxygen supply rate from the start of the blowing process to the middle of the blowing process, and the amount of the auxiliary material input, from the blowing process to the blowing The oxygen supply rate and the height of the lance are calculated from the flow rate of the exhaust gas and the measured value of the component concentration in the middle of the treatment, and the correction amount calculated by the above invention.
根據本發明的補正裝置、補正方法及鋼鐵精煉方法，可對鋼鐵精煉設備的計測值及藉由投入輔助材料而添加至鋼液中的碳量進行高精度地補正。According to the correction device, the correction method, and the steel refining method of the present invention, it is possible to accurately correct the measured value of the steel refining equipment and the amount of carbon added to the molten steel by the input of the auxiliary material.
10‧‧‧控制終端10‧‧‧Control terminal
20‧‧‧計測值．操作量補正裝置20‧‧‧Measured value. Operation quantity correction device
21‧‧‧主資訊資料庫(主資訊DB)21‧‧‧Main Information Database (Main Information DB)
22‧‧‧作業資料庫(作業DB)22‧‧‧Working database (job DB)
23‧‧‧運算處理部23‧‧‧Operation Processing Department
23a‧‧‧過去爐料選擇部23a‧‧‧ Past Charge Selection Department
23b‧‧‧補正參數計算部23b‧‧‧Revision parameter calculation department
30‧‧‧輸入裝置30‧‧‧ Input device
40‧‧‧顯示裝置40‧‧‧ display device
100‧‧‧轉爐100‧‧‧ converter
101‧‧‧鋼液101‧‧‧Steel
102‧‧‧噴槍102‧‧‧ spray gun
103‧‧‧爐渣103‧‧‧ slag
104‧‧‧管道104‧‧‧ Pipes
105‧‧‧廢氣檢測部105‧‧‧Exhaust gas detection department
106‧‧‧廢氣流量計106‧‧‧Exhaust flowmeter
107‧‧‧通氣孔107‧‧‧Ventinel
108‧‧‧流量計108‧‧‧ Flowmeter
S11~S14、S21~S25、S31、S32‧‧‧步驟S11~S14, S21~S25, S31, S32‧‧‧ steps
圖1是繪示適用作為本發明的一實施形態的計測值．操作量補正裝置的轉爐吹煉系統的構成的示意圖。Figure 1 is a diagram showing the measurement values applicable to an embodiment of the present invention. A schematic diagram of the configuration of a converter blowing system of an operation amount correction device.
圖2是繪示作為本發明的一實施形態的計測值．操作量補正裝 置的構成的方塊圖。Figure 2 is a diagram showing the measured value as an embodiment of the present invention. Operation volume correction Block diagram of the composition.
圖3是繪示作為本發明的一實施形態的過去爐料選擇處理的流程的流程圖。Fig. 3 is a flow chart showing the flow of past charge selection processing as an embodiment of the present invention.
圖4是繪示作為本發明的一實施形態的補正參數計算處理的流程的流程圖。Fig. 4 is a flow chart showing the flow of correction parameter calculation processing as an embodiment of the present invention.
圖5是繪示作為本發明的一實施形態的吹煉控制處理的流程的流程圖。Fig. 5 is a flow chart showing the flow of a blowing control process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖6是繪示作為本發明的一實施形態的送氧速度的操作量設定模式(pattern)的圖。Fig. 6 is a view showing an operation amount setting pattern of an oxygen supply rate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖7是繪示作為本發明的一實施形態的噴槍高度的操作量設定模式的圖。Fig. 7 is a view showing an operation amount setting mode of a lance height as an embodiment of the present invention.
以下，參照圖式，對作為本發明的一實施形態的計測值．操作量補正裝置的構成及其補正方法進行說明。另外，本實施形態中，將本發明的補正裝置適用於如下處理中，即，對轉爐吹煉製程中產生的廢氣的流量、成分的計測值及藉由投入輔助材料而添加至鋼液中的碳量的計算值進行補正。通常，轉爐吹煉製程中，廢氣的流量及成分是使用設置於管道內的計測裝置而計測。然而，一般而言，因管道內的計測裝置的計測環境差，故廢氣的流量及成分的計測誤差大。另一方面，藉由投入輔助材料而添加至 鋼液中的碳量是根據預先設定的輔助材料中的碳的比例而計算。然而，輔助材料中的各成分的比例會發生變動，且難以在作業中計測其比例，因而藉由投入輔助材料而添加至鋼液中的碳量的計算誤差大。因此，藉由適用本發明的補正裝置而對轉爐吹煉製程中產生的廢氣的流量及成分的計測值、及藉由投入輔助材料而添加至鋼液中的碳量的計算值進行補正。然而，本發明的適用範圍並不限定於本實施形態，當然可適用於對整個工業用製程的計測值及操作量進行補正的整個處理。例如，本發明亦可適用於以鋼液真空循環脫氣(RH)製程等真空脫氣精煉製程為代表的二次精煉設備。Hereinafter, the measurement value which is one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The configuration of the operation amount correction device and the correction method will be described. Further, in the present embodiment, the correction device of the present invention is applied to a process in which the flow rate of the exhaust gas generated in the converter blowing process, the measured value of the component, and the auxiliary material are added to the molten steel. The calculated value of the carbon amount is corrected. Usually, in the converter blowing process, the flow rate and composition of the exhaust gas are measured using a measuring device provided in the pipe. However, in general, since the measurement environment of the measuring device in the pipe is poor, the measurement error of the flow rate and the composition of the exhaust gas is large. On the other hand, by adding auxiliary materials, it is added to The amount of carbon in the molten steel is calculated based on the ratio of carbon in the auxiliary material set in advance. However, the ratio of each component in the auxiliary material fluctuates, and it is difficult to measure the ratio in the work. Therefore, the calculation error of the amount of carbon added to the molten steel by the input of the auxiliary material is large. Therefore, by applying the correction device of the present invention, the calculated value of the flow rate and the component of the exhaust gas generated in the converter blowing process and the calculated value of the amount of carbon added to the molten steel by the auxiliary material are corrected. However, the scope of application of the present invention is not limited to the embodiment, and it is of course applicable to the entire process of correcting the measurement value and the operation amount of the entire industrial process. For example, the present invention is also applicable to a secondary refining apparatus typified by a vacuum degassing refining process such as a steel liquid vacuum cycle degassing (RH) process.
[轉爐吹煉製程][Converter blowing process]
首先，參照圖1，對適用作為本發明的一實施形態的計測值．操作量補正裝置的轉爐吹煉製程進行說明。First, referring to Fig. 1, a measurement value which is an embodiment of the present invention is applied. The converter blowing process of the operation amount correction device will be described.
如圖1所示，在適用作為本發明的一實施形態的計測值．操作量補正裝置的轉爐吹煉製程中，在轉爐100內的鋼液101上方配置著噴槍102，從噴槍102的前端部向鋼液101噴出高壓氧。藉由從噴槍102噴出的高壓氧而鋼液101內的雜質成分被氧化並提取至爐渣103內(吹煉處理)。在轉爐100的上部，設置著廢氣導煙用的管道104，在管道104的內部設置著：用以對伴隨吹煉處理而排出的廢氣的成分(例如CO、CO2 、O2 、N2 、H2 O、Ar等)的濃度進行檢測的廢氣檢測部105，及用以對廢氣的流量進行計測 的廢氣流量計106。As shown in Fig. 1, a measurement value which is an embodiment of the present invention is applied. In the converter blowing process of the operation amount correcting device, the lance 102 is disposed above the molten steel 101 in the converter 100, and high pressure oxygen is discharged from the front end portion of the lance 102 to the molten steel 101. The impurity component in the molten steel 101 is oxidized by the high-pressure oxygen sprayed from the lance 102 and extracted into the slag 103 (blowing treatment). In the upper portion of the converter 100, a duct 104 for exhaust gas guiding is provided, and inside the duct 104, components (for example, CO, CO 2 , O 2 , N 2 , etc.) for exhaust gas discharged accompanying the blowing treatment are provided. The exhaust gas detecting unit 105 that detects the concentration of H 2 O, Ar, or the like, and the exhaust gas flow meter 106 that measures the flow rate of the exhaust gas.
在轉爐100內的鋼液101中，經由形成於轉爐100的底部的通氣孔107而吹入作為惰性氣體的Ar氣體，藉由Ar氣體來攪拌鋼液101，藉此促進高壓氧與鋼液101的反應。吹入至鋼液101中的Ar氣體的流量(攪拌氣體流量)利用流量計108而計測。鋼液101的溫度或成分在吹煉處理中途被計測一次，根據經計測的資訊而週期性地或在指定的時刻決定高壓氧的供給量(送氧量)及供給速度(送氧速度)、或攪拌氣體流量或噴槍102高度等。而且，在吹煉處理即將開始前及吹煉處理結束後，進行鋼液101的溫度與成分的分析。In the molten steel 101 in the converter 100, Ar gas as an inert gas is blown through a vent hole 107 formed in the bottom of the converter 100, and the molten steel 101 is stirred by Ar gas, thereby promoting high pressure oxygen and molten steel 101. Reaction. The flow rate (agitated gas flow rate) of the Ar gas blown into the molten steel 101 is measured by the flow meter 108. The temperature or composition of the molten steel 101 is measured once in the middle of the blowing process, and the supply amount (oxygen supply amount) and the supply speed (oxygen supply rate) of the high-pressure oxygen are determined periodically or at a predetermined timing based on the measured information. Or stir the gas flow rate or the height of the spray gun 102, and the like. Further, the temperature and composition of the molten steel 101 are analyzed immediately before the start of the blowing process and after the completion of the blowing process.
[轉爐吹煉控制系統的構成][Composition of converter blowing control system]
接下來，參照圖1，對適用作為本發明的一實施形態的計測值．操作量補正裝置的轉爐吹煉控制系統的構成進行說明。Next, referring to Fig. 1, a measurement value which is an embodiment of the present invention is applied. The configuration of the converter blowing control system of the operation amount correction device will be described.
如圖1所示，適用作為本發明的一實施形態的補正裝置的轉爐吹煉控制系統包括控制終端10、計測值．操作量補正裝置20、輸入裝置30及顯示裝置40來作為主要的構成要素。控制終端10包含個人電腦或工作站等資訊處理裝置。控制終端10以鋼液101的成分濃度處於所需的範圍內的方式對送氧量、送氧速度、攪拌氣體流量、噴槍102的高度(噴槍高度)及輔助材料投入量進行控制，並且將送氧量、送氧速度、攪拌氣體流量、噴槍高度、及輔助材料投入量的實際值(actual value)的資料作為操作量績 效而加以收集。As shown in FIG. 1, a converter blowing control system suitable as a correction device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a control terminal 10 and a measured value. The operation amount correction device 20, the input device 30, and the display device 40 are main components. The control terminal 10 includes an information processing device such as a personal computer or a workstation. The control terminal 10 controls the oxygen supply amount, the oxygen supply rate, the agitation gas flow rate, the height of the spray gun 102 (the height of the spray gun), and the amount of the auxiliary material input so that the component concentration of the molten steel 101 is within a desired range, and will be sent. The amount of oxygen, oxygen delivery rate, agitated gas flow rate, gun height, and the actual value of the auxiliary material input amount as the operating capacity Collected by effect.
計測值．操作量補正裝置20根據藉由控制終端10收集的操作量績效、及藉由廢氣檢測部105及廢氣流量計106計測的廢氣的成分濃度及流量(廢氣績效)，而對廢氣的流量及成分濃度的計測值、及藉由投入輔助材料而添加至鋼液101中的碳量的計算值進行補正，並將補正結果輸出至控制終端10或顯示裝置40。關於計測值．操作量補正裝置20的詳細構成將於之後進行敍述。Measurement value. The operation amount correction device 20 calculates the flow rate and component concentration of the exhaust gas based on the operation amount performance collected by the control terminal 10 and the component concentration and flow rate (exhaust gas performance) of the exhaust gas measured by the exhaust gas detecting unit 105 and the exhaust gas flow meter 106. The measured value and the calculated value of the amount of carbon added to the molten steel 101 by the input of the auxiliary material are corrected, and the corrected result is output to the control terminal 10 or the display device 40. About the measured value. The detailed configuration of the operation amount correcting device 20 will be described later.
輸入裝置30包含鍵盤或滑鼠指標(mouse pointer)等輸入裝置，在輸入與後述的過去爐料選擇處理或補正參數計算處理相關的各種資訊時受到操作。顯示裝置40包含陰極射線管(cathode-ray tube，CRT)或液晶顯示器等顯示裝置，顯示藉由計測值．操作量補正裝置20補正的廢氣的流量及成分濃度的計測值或添加至鋼液101中的碳量的計算值等計測值．操作量補正裝置20的各種處理結果。The input device 30 includes an input device such as a keyboard or a mouse pointer, and is operated when various information related to the past charge selection processing or the correction parameter calculation processing described later is input. The display device 40 includes a display device such as a cathode ray tube (CRT) or a liquid crystal display, and displays the measured value. The measured value of the flow rate of the exhaust gas and the component concentration corrected by the operation amount correction device 20 or the calculated value of the amount of carbon added to the molten steel 101. Various processing results of the operation amount correcting device 20.
[計測值．操作量補正裝置的構成][Measurement value. Configuration of the operation amount correction device]
接下來，參照圖2，對計測值．操作量補正裝置20的構成進行說明。Next, referring to Figure 2, the measured value. The configuration of the operation amount correction device 20 will be described.
如圖2所示，計測值．操作量補正裝置20包括主資訊資料庫(主資訊DB)21、作業資料庫(作業DB)22、及運算處理部23。主資訊DB21儲存用於算出廢氣的流量及成分濃度的計測值、添加至鋼液中的碳量的計算值的補正量所需的物理常數、臨 限值、設定參數等資料。作業DB22儲存關於吹煉處理已完成的過去爐料的時間序列及時間序列以外的作業績效資訊、以及關於正執行吹煉處理的爐料的時間序列及時間序列以外的作業績效資訊。As shown in Figure 2, the measured value. The operation amount correction device 20 includes a main information database (main information DB) 21, a job database (job DB) 22, and an arithmetic processing unit 23. The main information DB 21 stores a physical constant required for calculating a flow rate and a component concentration of the exhaust gas and a correction amount of a calculated value of the amount of carbon added to the molten steel. Limits, setting parameters, etc. The job DB 22 stores job performance information other than the time series and time series of the past charge that has been completed in the blowing process, and job performance information other than the time series and time series of the charge that is performing the blowing process.
時間序列的作業績效資訊包括關於操作量績效的資料(送氧量、送氧速度、攪拌氣體流量、噴槍高度、及輔助材料投入量的時間序列資訊)、以及關於廢氣績效的資料(廢氣的成分濃度及流量的時間序列資訊)。時間序列以外的作業績效資訊包括總送氧量的實際值、與吹煉處理前後及吹煉處理中的鋼液的成分濃度、以及溫度相關的資料。運算處理部23藉由執行電腦程式，而作為過去爐料選擇部23a及補正參數計算部23b發揮功能。關於過去爐料選擇部23a及補正參數計算部23b的功能將於之後進行敍述。Time series of job performance information includes information on operational performance (oxygen delivery, oxygen delivery rate, agitated gas flow, spray gun height, and time series information for auxiliary material inputs), as well as information on exhaust gas performance (influence of exhaust gas) Time series information on concentration and flow rate). The job performance information other than the time series includes the actual value of the total oxygen supply amount, the data relating to the composition concentration of the molten steel before and after the blowing process, the blowing process, and the temperature. The arithmetic processing unit 23 functions as the past charge selection unit 23a and the correction parameter calculation unit 23b by executing a computer program. The functions of the past charge selection unit 23a and the correction parameter calculation unit 23b will be described later.
具有上述構成的計測值．操作量補正裝置20藉由執行以下所示的過去爐料選擇處理及補正參數計算處理，來對廢氣的流量及成分濃度的計測值、及添加至鋼液中的碳量的計算值進行補正。以下，參照圖3及圖4所示的流程圖，對執行過去爐料選擇處理及補正參數計算處理時的計測值．操作量補正裝置20的動作進行說明。Has the measured value of the above composition. The operation amount correction device 20 corrects the flow rate of the exhaust gas and the measured value of the component concentration and the calculated value of the amount of carbon added to the molten steel by performing the past charge selection process and the correction parameter calculation process described below. Hereinafter, with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the measured values at the time of performing the charge selection process and the correction parameter calculation process are performed. The operation of the operation amount correction device 20 will be described.
[過去爐料選擇處理][Past charge selection processing in the past]
首先，參照圖3，對執行過去爐料選擇處理時的計測值．操作 量補正裝置20的動作進行說明。First, referring to Figure 3, the measured value when performing the past charge selection process. operating The operation of the amount correction device 20 will be described.
圖3是表示作為本發明的一實施形態的過去爐料選擇處理的流程的流程圖。圖3所示的流程圖在處理對象爐料的吹煉處理開始前開始，過去爐料選擇處理進入至步驟S11的處理。Fig. 3 is a flow chart showing the flow of past charge selection processing as an embodiment of the present invention. The flowchart shown in FIG. 3 starts before the start of the blowing process of the processing target charge, and the past charge selection process proceeds to the process of step S11.
步驟S11的處理中，過去爐料選擇部23a從作業DB22中讀取吹煉處理已完成的過去爐料的時間序列及時間序列以外的作業績效資訊，並且從主資訊DB21中讀取執行過去爐料選擇處理所需的各種設定值。藉此，步驟S11的處理完成，過去爐料選擇處理進入至步驟S12的處理。In the process of the step S11, the charge selection unit 23a reads the work performance information other than the time series and the time series of the past charge that has been completed by the blow processing from the work DB 22, and reads and executes the past charge selection process from the main information DB 21. Various settings required. Thereby, the process of step S11 is completed, and the charge selection process of the past proceeds to the process of step S12.
步驟S12的處理中，過去爐料選擇部23a根據藉由步驟S11的處理而讀取的過去爐料的時間序列及時間序列以外的作業績效資訊，抽出滿足限制條件的過去爐料。具體而言，過去爐料選擇部23a將如下的過去爐料作為與處理對象爐料相同的種類的過去爐料而抽出，即，該過去爐料的吹煉處理的目的(脫磷吹煉、脫碳吹煉、及同時進行脫磷吹煉與脫碳吹煉的普通吹煉中的任一個)與處理對象爐料的吹煉處理的目的相同，吹煉處理結束時間點的目標成分及目標溫度與處理對象爐料屬於相同的範圍(範圍的臨限值保存於主資訊DB21中)，且進行吹煉處理的天數為從現在開始算起的指定天數以內(指定天數保存於主資訊DB21中)。藉此，步驟S12的處理完成，過去爐料選擇處理進入至步驟S13的處理。In the process of the step S12, the charge selection unit 23a extracts the past charge satisfying the restriction condition based on the time series of the past charge and the work performance information other than the time series read by the process of the step S11. Specifically, in the past, the charge selecting unit 23a extracts the following charge as the same type of past charge as the charge to be processed, that is, the purpose of the blow processing of the past charge (dephosphorization blowing, decarburization blowing, And one of ordinary blowing which performs dephosphorization blowing and decarburization blowing at the same time) is the same as the purpose of the blowing process of the material to be processed, and the target component and the target temperature at the time of the end of the blowing treatment are the same as the material to be processed. The same range (the threshold value of the range is stored in the main information DB 21), and the number of days in which the blowing process is performed is within a specified number of days from now (the designated number of days is stored in the main information DB 21). Thereby, the process of step S12 is completed, and the charge selection process in the past proceeds to the process of step S13.
此處，若上述指定天數過短則可收集的過去爐料數變得過小，從而誤差推斷精度變差，相反地，若上述指定天數過長，則因設備的經年變化或作業的變化而在指定天數之間誤差發生變化，從而誤差推斷精度變差。當決定指定天數時，需要考慮上述情況，但作為現實的方法，只要對幾個指定天數實際進行誤差推斷計算，並將結果加以比較而決定出適當的指定天數即可。另外，為了收集足以進行推斷計算的過去爐料數，亦依據作業狀況而定，但認為只要將指定天數設為30天左右便足夠。Here, if the specified number of days is too short, the number of past charge materials that can be collected becomes too small, and the accuracy of error estimation deteriorates. Conversely, if the specified number of days is too long, the device changes over time or changes in work. The error between the specified number of days changes, and the accuracy of the error estimation deteriorates. When deciding on the number of days to be specified, it is necessary to consider the above situation, but as a practical method, it is only necessary to actually perform error estimation calculation for several specified days, and compare the results to determine an appropriate designated number of days. In addition, in order to collect the amount of the past charge sufficient for the inference calculation, it is also determined depending on the work condition, but it is considered that it is sufficient to set the designated number of days to about 30 days.
步驟S13的處理中，過去爐料選擇部23a算出藉由步驟S12的處理而抽出的過去爐料與處理對象爐料(下一爐料)之間的差異。具體而言，過去爐料選擇部23a利用以下所示的數式(1)，算出處理對象爐料與第i個(i=1~藉由步驟S12的處理而抽出的過去爐料的總數)過去爐料之間的差異值D(i)。另外，數式(1)中，xp 表示處理對象爐料中的精煉處理即將開始前的鋼液的計測資訊(鋼液重量、成分、溫度、送氧預定量、輔助材料投入預定量，p=1~計測資訊的總數)，x'i’p 表示第i個過去爐料中的精煉處理即將開始前的鋼液的計測資訊，Wp 表示對每一計測資訊提供的權重係數。差異值D(i)的值越小，則為與處理對象爐料之間的差異越小的過去爐料，從而可視作符合條件的爐料。然後，過去爐料選擇部23a按照所算出的差異值D(i)從小到大的順序對過去爐料進行排序。藉此，步驟S13的處理完成，過去爐料選擇 處理進入至步驟S14的處理。In the process of step S13, the charge selection unit 23a calculates the difference between the past charge and the target charge (the next charge) extracted by the process of step S12. Specifically, in the past, the charge selection unit 23a calculates the charge to be processed and the i-th (i=1 to the total number of past charges extracted by the process of step S12) by the following formula (1). The difference value between D(i). Further, in the formula (1), x p represents the measurement information of the molten steel immediately before the refining process in the charge to be processed (steel weight, composition, temperature, predetermined amount of oxygen supply, and predetermined amount of auxiliary material input, p = 1~ the total number of measurement information), x'i'p represents the measurement information of the molten steel immediately before the refinement process in the i-th past charge, and W p represents the weight coefficient provided for each measurement information. The smaller the value of the difference value D(i), the smaller the difference from the charge to be treated, and thus the charge can be regarded as a qualified charge. Then, in the past, the charge selection unit 23a sorts the past charge in the order of the calculated difference value D(i) from small to large. Thereby, the process of step S13 is completed, and the charge selection process in the past proceeds to the process of step S14.
步驟S14的處理中，過去爐料選擇部23a從藉由步驟S13的處理而獲得的排序順序的最前面選擇最大M個的過去爐料。然而，過去爐料選擇部23a因是從具有與處理對象爐料的作業資訊的差異D(i)處於事先所設定的規定範圍內的作業績效資訊的過去爐料中進行選擇，故有時此處所選擇的過去爐料數小於M個。以下，將所選擇的過去爐料數設為N個。藉此，步驟S14的處理完成，從而一連串過去爐料選擇處理結束。In the process of step S14, the charge selection unit 23a selects the maximum M pieces of the past charge from the top of the sorting order obtained by the process of step S13. However, in the past, the charge selection unit 23a selects the past charge from the work performance information having the difference D(i) of the work information of the processing target, which is within the predetermined range set in advance, and thus may be selected here. In the past, the number of charge was less than M. Hereinafter, the number of selected past charges is set to N. Thereby, the processing of step S14 is completed, so that a series of past charge selection processing ends.
[補正參數計算處理][correction parameter calculation processing]
接下來，參照圖4，對執行補正參數計算處理時的計測值．操作量補正裝置20的動作進行說明。Next, referring to Fig. 4, the measured value at the time of performing the correction parameter calculation processing. The operation of the operation amount correction device 20 will be described.
圖4是表示作為本發明的一實施形態的補正參數計算處理的流程的流程圖。圖4所示的流程圖中，以過去爐料選擇處理結束的時間點(timing)為開始，補正參數計算處理進入至步驟S21的處理。Fig. 4 is a flowchart showing the flow of a correction parameter calculation process as an embodiment of the present invention. In the flowchart shown in FIG. 4, the timing of the past charge selection processing is started, and the correction parameter calculation processing proceeds to the processing of step S21.
步驟S21的處理中，補正參數計算部23b對藉由過去爐料選擇處理而選擇的N個過去爐料，自作業DB22中抽出指定的鋼液分析取樣時間內的時間序列資訊。具體而言，在指定的鋼液 分析取樣時間為精煉處理即將開始前及精煉處理中途的2次鋼液分析取樣的情況下，補正參數計算部23b對第i個(i=1~N)過去爐料，抽出從精煉處理即將開始前的鋼液分析取樣時刻ti,0 開始到精煉處理中途的鋼液分析取樣時刻ti,1 為止之期間的廢氣的流量、廢氣中的CO、CO2 濃度及輔助材料投入量的時間序列資訊。另外，在計測資料中有時間延遲的情況下，理想的是補正參數計算部23b考慮該時間延遲而錯開抽出時間序列資訊的時間帶。例如，在廢氣檢測部105的計測中有時間t'的時間延遲的情況下，補正參數計算部宜為對廢氣中的CO、CO2 濃度而抽出從時刻ti,0 +t'開始到時刻ti,1 +t'期間的時間序列資訊。藉此，步驟S21的處理完成，補正參數計算處理進入至步驟S22的處理。In the process of step S21, the correction parameter calculation unit 23b extracts the time series information of the specified molten steel analysis sampling time from the work DB 22 for the N past charges selected by the past charge selection process. Specifically, in the case where the specified molten steel analysis sampling time is two times of the molten steel analysis sampling before the start of the refining process and the middle of the refining process, the correction parameter calculating unit 23b goes to the i-th (i=1 to N). In the charge, the flow rate of the exhaust gas and the CO and CO 2 concentration in the exhaust gas from the sampling time t i,0 before the start of the refining process to the molten steel analysis sampling time t i,1 in the middle of the refining process are extracted. And time series information on the amount of auxiliary materials input. Further, when there is a time delay in the measurement data, it is preferable that the correction parameter calculation unit 23b shifts the time zone in which the time series information is extracted in consideration of the time delay. For example, when there is a time delay of time t' in the measurement of the exhaust gas detecting unit 105, the correction parameter calculating unit preferably extracts the CO and CO 2 concentrations in the exhaust gas from the time t i,0 +t' to the time. Time series information during t i,1 +t'. Thereby, the process of step S21 is completed, and the correction parameter calculation process proceeds to the process of step S22.
步驟S22的處理中，補正參數計算部23b利用藉由步驟S21的處理而抽出的指定的鋼液分析取樣時間內的時間序列資訊，來算出後述的碳的質量平衡(mass-balance)評價公式的誤差參數係數。具體而言，補正參數計算部23b在廢氣的流量、廢氣中的CO、CO2 濃度及藉由投入輔助材料而添加至鋼液中的碳量(以下，表述為輔助材料投入C量)中，假定帶入以下所示的數式(2)~數式(4)般的誤差kv 、kx 、δ。然而，誤差的值與爐料無關而設為相同的值。In the process of step S22, the correction parameter calculation unit 23b calculates the mass-balance evaluation formula of carbon to be described later by using the time series information of the specified molten steel analysis sampling time extracted by the process of step S21. Error parameter coefficient. Specifically, the correction parameter calculation unit 23b is in the flow rate of the exhaust gas, the CO and CO 2 concentration in the exhaust gas, and the amount of carbon (hereinafter referred to as the auxiliary material input C amount) added to the molten steel by the input of the auxiliary material. It is assumed that the errors k v , k x , and δ are obtained by the following equations (2) to (4). However, the value of the error is set to the same value regardless of the charge.
數式(2)~數式(4)中，V'i,t 、X'i,t 、m'i,t 分別表示廢氣的每單位時間的流量、廢氣中的CO、CO2 濃度及輔助材料投入C量的真值，Vi,t 、Xi,t 、mi,t 分別表示廢氣的流量的計測值、廢氣中的CO、CO2 濃度的計測值及輔助材料投入C量的計算值(操作量)。此處，t取1到T的整數值，在t=1的情況下，為時刻ti,0 的計測值及操作量的值，在t=T的情況下為時刻ti,1 的計測值及操作量的值。而且，關於廢氣的流量及廢氣中的CO、CO2 濃度的真值，以誤差加上計測值之和的形式而公式化(formulation)。其理由在於，若例如以積的形式將真值公式化，則無法利用碳的質量平衡評價公式來唯一地決定誤差kv 、kx 。In the formula (2) to the formula (4), V' i,t , X' i,t ,m' i,t represent the flow rate per unit time of the exhaust gas, the CO and CO 2 concentration in the exhaust gas, and the auxiliary The true value of the amount of material input C, V i,t , X i,t ,m i,t respectively represent the measured value of the flow rate of the exhaust gas, the measured value of the CO and CO 2 concentration in the exhaust gas, and the calculation of the amount of the auxiliary material input C Value (operating amount). Here, t takes an integer value from 1 to T, and in the case of t=1, is the measured value of the time t i,0 and the value of the operation amount, and is measured at time t i,1 in the case of t=T. The value of the value and the amount of operation. Further, the true value of the flow rate of the exhaust gas and the CO and CO 2 concentrations in the exhaust gas is formulated in the form of an error plus the sum of the measured values. The reason for this is that if the true value is formulated, for example, in the form of a product, the error k v and k x cannot be uniquely determined by the carbon mass balance evaluation formula.
藉由利用數式(2)~數式(4)而指定的鋼液分析取樣時間內的第i個過去爐料中的碳出入量，由以下所示的數式(5)、數式(6)表示。數式(5)表示從鋼液損失的碳量，數式(5)中，Mi,0 、Mi,T 分別表示根據處理即將開始前及處理中途的鋼液取樣分析結果(碳濃度)而計算的鋼液中的碳重量。而且，數式(6)表 示廢氣中的碳量，△t為時間序列的取樣時間間隔，γ為用以將廢氣的體積轉換為碳重量的係數。在例如廢氣的體積的單位為Nm3 、碳重量的單位為kg的情況下，γ作為0.54(≒1/22.4×12.0)而計算。補正參數計算部將數式(5)、數式(6)中的kv 、kx 、δ的係數及常數項作為後述的碳的質量平衡評價公式的誤差參數係數而算出。藉此，步驟S22的處理完成，補正參數計算處理進入至步驟S23的處理。The amount of carbon in the i-th past charge in the sampling time is analyzed by the molten steel specified by the equations (2) to (4), and the equations (5) and (6) shown below are shown. ) said. The formula (5) represents the amount of carbon lost from the molten steel, and in the formula (5), M i, 0 , M i, and T respectively represent the results of sampling analysis (carbon concentration) of the molten steel before the start of the treatment and in the middle of the treatment. And calculate the weight of carbon in the molten steel. Further, the equation (6) represents the amount of carbon in the exhaust gas, Δt is the sampling time interval of the time series, and γ is a coefficient for converting the volume of the exhaust gas into the weight of the carbon. For example, when the unit of the volume of the exhaust gas is Nm 3 and the unit of the carbon weight is kg, γ is calculated as 0.54 (≒1/22.4×12.0). The correction parameter calculation unit calculates the coefficients and constant terms of k v , k x , and δ in the equations (5) and (6) as the error parameter coefficients of the carbon mass balance evaluation formula to be described later. Thereby, the process of step S22 is completed, and the correction parameter calculation process proceeds to the process of step S23.
步驟S23的處理中，補正參數計算部23b算出將由以下所示的數式(7)表示的碳的質量平衡評價公式設為最小的誤差kv 、kx 、δ。由數式(7)表示的碳的質量平衡評價公式是針對每個過去爐料而計算出將入碳量與出碳量之比和1之差進行平方所得的值(碳的質量平衡的誤差)，並將該值加以合計所得。若入碳量與出碳量相等，則平方項的值為0。將質量平衡評價公式設為最小 的誤差kv 、kx 、δ可利用非線性規劃法(nonlinear programming method)(例如參照文獻(茨木俊秀、福島雅夫著「最佳化的方法」，資訊數學講座第14卷，共立出版，1993年))而容易地計算出。另外，數式(7)中的W(δ)為誤差δ的權重係數，在誤差δ的值為1時設定為取最大值1。在無需使用加權係數的情況下，W(δ)的值只要一直設為1即可。藉此，步驟S23的處理完成，補正參數計算處理進入至步驟S24的處理。In the process of step S23, the correction parameter calculation unit 23b calculates the errors k v , k x , and δ which minimize the mass balance evaluation formula of carbon represented by the following formula (7). The mass balance evaluation formula of carbon represented by the formula (7) is a value obtained by squaring the ratio of the carbon amount to the carbon amount and the difference of 1 for each past charge (the error of the mass balance of carbon) And the total value is obtained. If the amount of carbon entered is equal to the amount of carbon produced, the value of the squared term is zero. The minimum error k v , k x , and δ can be determined by the nonlinear programming method (for example, reference literature (Tsuzuki Junsho, Fukushima Yafu, "Optimization Method", Information Mathematics Lecture) Volume 14, Co-published, 1993)) is easily calculated. Further, W(δ) in the equation (7) is a weight coefficient of the error δ, and is set to a maximum value of 1 when the value of the error δ is 1. When it is not necessary to use a weighting coefficient, the value of W(δ) may be always set to 1. Thereby, the process of step S23 is completed, and the correction parameter calculation process proceeds to the process of step S24.
步驟S24的處理中，補正參數計算部23b將藉由步驟S23的處理而獲得的碳的質量平衡評價公式為最小的誤差kv 、kx 、δ(補正量)與處理對象爐料的廢氣的流量的計測值、廢氣中的CO、CO2 濃度的計測值及輔助材料投入C量的計算值代入至數式(2)~數式(4)中，藉此算出廢氣的流量、廢氣中的CO、CO2 濃度及輔助材料投入C量的真值。然後，補正參數計算部23b將與所算出的廢氣的流量、廢氣中的CO、CO2 濃度及輔助材料投入C量的真值相關的資訊輸出至控制終端10或顯示裝置40。藉此，步驟S24的處理完成，補正參數計算處理進入至步驟S25的處理。In the process of the step S24, the correction parameter calculation unit 23b calculates the carbon mass balance evaluation formula obtained by the process of the step S23 to the minimum error k v , k x , δ (correction amount) and the flow rate of the exhaust gas to be processed. The measured value, the measured value of the CO and CO 2 concentration in the exhaust gas, and the calculated value of the auxiliary material input C amount are substituted into the equations (2) to (4), thereby calculating the flow rate of the exhaust gas and the CO in the exhaust gas. , the CO 2 concentration and the true value of the amount of auxiliary material input C. Then, the correction parameter calculation unit 23b outputs information regarding the calculated flow rate of the exhaust gas, the CO and CO 2 concentration in the exhaust gas, and the true value of the auxiliary material input C amount to the control terminal 10 or the display device 40. Thereby, the process of step S24 is completed, and the correction parameter calculation process proceeds to the process of step S25.
步驟S25的處理中，補正參數計算部23b判別處理對象 爐料的吹煉製程是否完成。在判別的結果為處理對象爐料的吹煉製程尚未完成的情況下(步驟S25，No)，補正參數計算部23b使補正參數計算處理回到步驟S24的處理中。另一方面，在處理對象爐料的吹煉製程完成的情況下(步驟S25，Yes)，補正參數計算部23b結束一連串補正參數計算處理。In the process of step S25, the correction parameter calculation unit 23b determines the processing target. Whether the blowing process of the charge is completed. When the result of the determination is that the blowing process of the material to be processed has not been completed (step S25, No), the correction parameter calculation unit 23b returns the correction parameter calculation processing to the processing of step S24. On the other hand, when the blowing process of the processing target charge is completed (Yes in step S25), the correction parameter calculation unit 23b ends the series of correction parameter calculation processing.
如以上的說明可知，在作為本發明的一實施形態的計測值．操作量補正裝置20中，過去爐料選擇部23a選擇具有與處理對象爐料的作業資訊的差異處於規定範圍內的作業績效資訊的過去爐料，補正參數計算部23b針對每一藉由過去爐料選擇部23a選擇的過去爐料而算出碳的質量平衡的誤差，且以所算出的誤差的合計值為最小的方式，來算出計測值及藉由投入輔助材料而添加至鋼液中的碳量的計算值的補正量。As can be seen from the above description, the measured value is an embodiment of the present invention. In the operation amount correction device 20, the charge selection unit 23a selects the past charge having the work performance information having the difference in the work information of the charge to be processed, and the correction parameter calculation unit 23b uses the past charge selection unit 23a for each The error of the mass balance of carbon is calculated by the selected past charge, and the calculated value and the calculated value of the amount of carbon added to the molten steel by the input of the auxiliary material are calculated so that the total value of the calculated errors is the smallest. Correction amount.
藉此，可高精度地對鋼鐵精煉設備的計測值及藉由投入輔助材料而添加至鋼液中的碳量的計算值進行補正。而且，藉由使用該補正量，能夠即時且高精度地推斷出鋼液中的碳濃度，並對精煉處理的結束時間點的碳濃度高精度地進行控制，從而可縮短精煉處理所需的時間。實際上，將本發明適用於轉爐普通吹煉處理的實際資料而補正廢氣的計測值及輔助材料投入C量並推斷鋼液中的碳濃度後，比起不進行補正的情況而可將誤差平均降低至1/4左右。Thereby, the calculated value of the steel refining equipment and the calculated value of the amount of carbon added to the molten steel by the auxiliary material can be corrected with high precision. Further, by using the correction amount, the carbon concentration in the molten steel can be estimated instantaneously and accurately, and the carbon concentration at the end time of the refining treatment can be accurately controlled, thereby shortening the time required for the refining process. . In fact, after applying the present invention to the actual data of the ordinary blowing treatment of the converter and correcting the measured value of the exhaust gas and the amount of the auxiliary material input C and estimating the carbon concentration in the molten steel, the error can be averaged compared to the case where the correction is not performed. Reduce it to about 1/4.
[吹煉控制處理][Blowing control processing]
以下，對使用了藉由上述實施的形態的計測值．操作量補正裝置20補正的計測值及操作量的吹煉控制處理進行說明。本吹煉控制決定送氧速度及噴槍高度，且控制終端10自動地進行計算。Hereinafter, the measured values by the above-described embodiment are used. The measurement control value corrected by the operation amount correction device 20 and the blow control process of the operation amount will be described. The blowing control determines the oxygen delivery rate and the height of the lance, and the control terminal 10 automatically performs the calculation.
圖5是表示吹煉控制處理的流程的流程圖。若吹煉開始，則從計測值．操作量補正裝置20發送經補正的廢氣的流量、廢氣中的CO、CO2 濃度及輔助材料投入C量的資訊。圖5的流程圖以接收到該些發送的資訊的時間點為開始，吹煉控制處理進入至步驟S31的處理。Fig. 5 is a flowchart showing the flow of the blowing control process. If the blowing starts, then from the measured value. The operation amount correction device 20 transmits information on the flow rate of the corrected exhaust gas, the CO and CO 2 concentration in the exhaust gas, and the amount of the auxiliary material input C. The flowchart of FIG. 5 starts with the time point at which the pieces of transmitted information are received, and the blowing control process proceeds to the process of step S31.
步驟S31的處理中，控制終端10藉由以下所示的數式(8)及數式(9)來推斷目前的鋼液中碳濃度。另外，時刻t的鋼液中碳濃度P(t)(單位：%)在從吹煉開始到吹煉處理中途的鋼液分析取樣為止，藉由數式(8)而計算，之後藉由數式(9)而計算。而且，Wtotal 表示初始鋼液重量與投入的殘渣(scrap)重量的合計值。In the process of step S31, the control terminal 10 estimates the current carbon concentration in the molten steel by the following equations (8) and (9). In addition, the carbon concentration P(t) (unit: %) in the molten steel at the time t is calculated by the formula (8) from the sampling of the molten steel in the middle of the blowing to the blowing process, and then by the number Calculated by equation (9). Further, W total represents the total value of the initial molten steel weight and the input scrap weight.
此處，數式(8)、數式(9)的分子為鋼液中殘存的碳重量的計算式。分子的第1項表示成分計測時間點的鋼液中碳量，第2項表示成分計測後投入至爐內的輔助材料中碳量(輔助材料投入C量)，第3項表示成分計測後作為廢氣而排出設備外的碳量。而且，m'i,τ 、V'i,τ X'i,τ 表示補正後的輔助材料中碳量(輔助材料投入C量)、廢氣的流量、廢氣中CO、CO2 濃度(相當於上述數式(2)~數式(4))。使用處理即將開始前的鋼液成分計測值並藉由數式(8)來計算直至吹煉中途的鋼液取樣為止的鋼液中碳濃度。而且，藉由最新的鋼液成分計測值與數式(9)來計算藉由吹煉中途的鋼液取樣而獲得了最新的鋼液中碳濃度的計測值後的鋼液中碳濃度。藉此，步驟S31的處理完成，吹煉控制處理進入至步驟S32的處理。Here, the molecules of the formula (8) and the formula (9) are calculation formulas for the weight of carbon remaining in the molten steel. The first term of the molecule indicates the amount of carbon in the molten steel at the time of the component measurement, and the second term indicates the amount of carbon (the amount of auxiliary material input C) in the auxiliary material that is injected into the furnace after the component is measured, and the third term indicates that the component is measured as Exhaust gas and the amount of carbon outside the equipment. Further, m' i, τ , V' i, τ X' i, τ represents the amount of carbon in the auxiliary material after correction (the amount of auxiliary material input C), the flow rate of the exhaust gas, and the CO and CO 2 concentration in the exhaust gas (corresponding to the above) Equation (2) ~ number (4)). The carbon concentration in the molten steel up to the sampling of the molten steel in the middle of the blowing is calculated by the equation (8) using the steel liquid component measurement value immediately before the start of the treatment. Then, the carbon concentration in the molten steel after obtaining the latest measured value of the carbon concentration in the molten steel by the sampling of the molten steel in the middle of the blowing is calculated by the latest steel liquid component measurement value and the formula (9). Thereby, the process of step S31 is completed, and the blowing control process progresses to the process of step S32.
步驟S32的處理中，控制終端10根據步驟S31的處理中計算出的鋼液中碳濃度P(t)，來決定送氧速度、噴槍高度。此時，控制終端10參照圖6及圖7所示的操作量設定模式而算出送氧速度及噴槍高度的操作量。如圖6及圖7所示，控制終端10中保存多個操作量設定模式，根據鋼液的目標鋼液成分濃度、目標鋼液溫度、處理前的鋼液重量、各成分濃度來選擇參照的操作量設定模式。藉此，步驟S32的處理完成，結束一連串吹煉控制處理。In the process of step S32, the control terminal 10 determines the oxygen supply rate and the height of the lance based on the carbon concentration P(t) in the molten steel calculated in the process of step S31. At this time, the control terminal 10 calculates the operation amount of the oxygen supply speed and the lance height with reference to the operation amount setting mode shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 . As shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, the control terminal 10 stores a plurality of operation amount setting modes, and selects a reference based on the target molten steel component concentration of the molten steel, the target molten steel temperature, the weight of the molten steel before the treatment, and the concentration of each component. Operation amount setting mode. Thereby, the processing of step S32 is completed, and the series of blowing control processing is ended.
吹煉控制處理中，鋼液中碳濃度的推斷精度會對控制性能造成大的影響。如以上說明般，本實施例中，控制終端10根據藉由計測值．操作量補正裝置20補正的廢氣的流量、廢氣中的CO、CO2 濃度及輔助材料投入C量的資訊來推斷鋼液中的碳濃度。藉此，廢氣計測值及輔助材料中的碳量被補正為正確的值，因而鋼液中碳濃度的推斷精度提高，從而可實現高控制性能。In the blowing control process, the accuracy of estimating the carbon concentration in the molten steel has a large influence on the control performance. As described above, in this embodiment, the control terminal 10 is based on the measured value. The carbon concentration in the molten steel is estimated by the flow rate of the exhaust gas corrected by the operation amount correcting device 20, the CO and CO 2 concentration in the exhaust gas, and the amount of the auxiliary material input C. Thereby, the exhaust gas measurement value and the amount of carbon in the auxiliary material are corrected to the correct values, so that the estimation accuracy of the carbon concentration in the molten steel is improved, and high control performance can be realized.
以上，已對適用由本發明者完成的發明的實施形態進行了說明，但本發明並不受本實施形態的揭示本發明的一部分的記述及圖式而限定。亦即，本領域技術人員等根據本實施形態而完成的其他實施形態、實施例、及運用技術等均包含在本發明的範疇內。The embodiments of the invention completed by the inventors of the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited by the description and drawings of the present invention disclosed in the embodiments. That is, other embodiments, examples, and operational techniques that are completed by those skilled in the art according to the present embodiment are included in the scope of the present invention.
[產業上之可利用性][Industrial availability]
如以上般，本發明可適用於對鋼鐵精煉設備的計測值及操作量進行補正的處理中。As described above, the present invention can be applied to a process of correcting the measured value and the manipulated amount of the steel refining equipment.
20‧‧‧計測值．操作量補正裝置20‧‧‧Measured value. Operation quantity correction device
21‧‧‧主資訊資料庫(主資訊DB)21‧‧‧Main Information Database (Main Information DB)
22‧‧‧作業資料庫(作業DB)22‧‧‧Working database (job DB)
23‧‧‧運算處理部23‧‧‧Operation Processing Department
23a‧‧‧過去爐料選擇部23a‧‧‧ Past Charge Selection Department
23b‧‧‧補正參數計算部23b‧‧‧Revision parameter calculation department
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| JPH09272913A (en) * | 1996-04-05 | 1997-10-21 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method for estimating carbon concentration in molten steel |
| JP2010007150A (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2010-01-14 | Jfe Steel Corp | Method for estimating carbon concentration in molten steel |
| JP2012117090A (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2012-06-21 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Converter blowing method and converter blowing system |
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| JPH09272913A (en) * | 1996-04-05 | 1997-10-21 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method for estimating carbon concentration in molten steel |
| JP2010007150A (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2010-01-14 | Jfe Steel Corp | Method for estimating carbon concentration in molten steel |
| JP2012117090A (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2012-06-21 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Converter blowing method and converter blowing system |
| JP2012149341A (en) * | 2010-12-27 | 2012-08-09 | Jfe Steel Corp | Estimation method of molten metal component and estimation apparatus of molten metal component |
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