TWI486271B - Charging device for electric vehicle and charging system for electric vehicle - Google Patents
Charging device for electric vehicle and charging system for electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- TWI486271B TWI486271B TW101130662A TW101130662A TWI486271B TW I486271 B TWI486271 B TW I486271B TW 101130662 A TW101130662 A TW 101130662A TW 101130662 A TW101130662 A TW 101130662A TW I486271 B TWI486271 B TW I486271B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/62—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/66—Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J5/00—Circuit arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks and dc networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
- H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
- H02J7/00038—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange using passive battery identification means, e.g. resistors or capacitors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/00047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with provisions for charging different types of batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Description
本發明係關於用來對於電動車等電動車輛進行充電之電動車輛用充電裝置及電動車輛用充電系統。The present invention relates to a charging device for an electric vehicle and a charging system for an electric vehicle for charging an electric vehicle such as an electric vehicle.
就習知例而言，例如有專利文獻1所記載的充電裝置。此充電裝置係用來對於電瓶式堆高機進行充電，並具有連接到電源插座的電源線，該電源插座經由斷路器而連接至工廠內的設備電源。又，充電裝置配備有通信功能，與設備電源所連接的其他充電裝置之間，經由通信線而收發有關充電狀態的資訊。For example, there is a charging device described in Patent Document 1. The charging device is used to charge a battery-type stacker and has a power cord connected to a power outlet that is connected to a power source of the equipment in the factory via a circuit breaker. Further, the charging device is equipped with a communication function, and transmits and receives information on the state of charge via the communication line between the other charging devices connected to the device power source.
在此習知例中，係將設備電源所連接的充電裝置整體可用的電流值即總電流限制值設定至任意的電流值，並依據該值，讓各充電裝置在確認其他充電裝置的充電狀況下自動設定在各充電裝置使用的電流。因此，電動車輛(電瓶式堆高機)充電時，在充電裝置消耗的電力，並不考慮將電源供給至充電裝置的設備電源之電源容量而適洽地設定。所以，使用者不增設設備電源的電源容量，亦不用在意電源所連接的充電裝置使用中的電流量，即能良好的進行對於電動車輛的充電。In this conventional example, the current value available for the charging device connected to the device power source, that is, the total current limit value is set to an arbitrary current value, and according to the value, each charging device confirms the charging status of the other charging device. The current used in each charging device is automatically set. Therefore, when the electric vehicle (battery type stacker) is charged, the electric power consumed by the charging device is appropriately set without considering the power supply capacity of the device power supply that supplies the power to the charging device. Therefore, the user does not need to increase the power supply capacity of the device power supply, and does not care about the amount of current used in the charging device to which the power source is connected, that is, the charging of the electric vehicle can be performed well.
專利文獻1：日本特開2003-333706號公報Patent Document 1: Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2003-333706
但是，斷路器通常並非一有過載電流(<短路電流)即立刻跳脫(跳開動作)，而是在過載電流持續流通既定時間(跳開動作時間)以上時進行跳脫。所以，如專利文獻1記載的習知例，控制使總電流值恆常不超過限制值，並非避免斷路器跳脫的必要條件。However, the circuit breaker usually does not have an overload current (<short circuit current), that is, it immediately jumps off (bounce action), but trips when the overload current continues to flow for a predetermined time (jumping time). Therefore, as in the conventional example described in Patent Document 1, it is controlled that the total current value does not always exceed the limit value, and is not a necessary condition for avoiding tripping of the circuit breaker.
亦即，只要未滿跳開動作時間，即使有過載電流流通，斷路器亦不會跳脫，所以只要在有過載電流流通的時間點起到經過跳開動作時間之前減少充電電流，即可避免斷路器跳脫。That is, as long as the operating time is not full, even if there is an overload current, the circuit breaker will not trip, so as long as the charging current is reduced before the tripping time is reached at the time when the overload current flows, it can be avoided. The circuit breaker tripped.
但是，如電動車在電動車輛側進行充電電流控制時，從指示電動車輛使充電裝置減少充電電流起，到實際上電動車輛側減少充電電流為止，產生了相當的延遲時間。而且，此延遲時間多因電動車輛之種類(電動車的車種)各異，非常難以對於各種電動車輛調整充電電流來避免斷路器跳脫。However, when the electric vehicle performs charging current control on the electric vehicle side, a considerable delay time is generated from the time when the electric vehicle is instructed to reduce the charging current by the charging device, and the charging current is actually reduced on the electric vehicle side. Moreover, this delay time is often different depending on the type of electric vehicle (the type of electric vehicle), and it is very difficult to adjust the charging current for various electric vehicles to avoid tripping of the circuit breaker.
本發明有鑑於上述問題，目的在於無論電動車輛的種類均避免斷路器跳脫並且將充電電流調整成適恰值。The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to prevent a circuit breaker from jumping off and to adjust a charging current to an appropriate value regardless of the type of the electric vehicle.
本發明的電動車輛用充電裝置，***於斷路器與電動車輛之間，對於該電動車輛指示充電電流的上限值，其特徵在於包含：傳送機構，與該電動車輛之間藉由電壓信號來傳送該上限值之資訊；以及調整機構，因應於該斷路器上流通的電流之電流值來將該上限值的調整指示至該傳送機構；並且，該傳送機構在降低該上限值時，於暫時停止該電壓信號之後將調整後的該上限值之資訊傳送至該電動車輛。A charging device for an electric vehicle according to the present invention is inserted between a circuit breaker and an electric vehicle, and an upper limit value of a charging current is indicated to the electric vehicle, characterized in that the transmission mechanism includes a transmission mechanism and a voltage signal between the electric vehicle and the electric vehicle. Transmitting the information of the upper limit value; and adjusting the mechanism to indicate the adjustment of the upper limit value to the transfer mechanism according to the current value of the current flowing through the circuit breaker; and, when the transfer mechanism lowers the upper limit value And transmitting the adjusted information of the upper limit value to the electric vehicle after temporarily stopping the voltage signal.
本發明的電動車輛用充電系統，其特徵在於包含：該電動車輛用充電裝置；以及電力監視裝置，監視該斷路器上流通的電流，在該電流超過該斷路器的額定電流時指示該調整機構降低該上限值。A charging system for an electric vehicle according to the present invention includes: the electric vehicle charging device; and a power monitoring device that monitors a current flowing through the circuit breaker, and indicates the adjusting mechanism when the current exceeds a rated current of the circuit breaker Lower the upper limit.
本發明之電動車輛用充電裝置及電動車輛用充電系統具有以下效果，無論電動車輛的種類，均能避免斷路器跳脫並且將充電電流調整成適恰值。The charging device for an electric vehicle and the charging system for an electric vehicle according to the present invention have the effects that the circuit breaker can be prevented from being tripped and the charging current can be adjusted to an appropriate value regardless of the type of the electric vehicle.
本發明之目的及特徵藉由以下的附加圖式與較佳實施例之說明而更為明確。The objects and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the description of the appended claims.
以下，參照圖式詳細說明將本發明之技術思想應用在設置於獨棟住宅並利用從電力系統供給的電力以對於電動車進行充電的 電動車輛用充電裝置(以下簡稱充電裝置。)及其系統之實施形態。整份圖式中，相同或類似的部分標註相同元件符號並省略說明。但是，電動車輛不限定於電動車，例如，也可以是習知技術所說明的電瓶式堆高機。Hereinafter, the technical idea of the present invention will be applied to a single-family house and use electric power supplied from an electric power system to charge an electric vehicle, with reference to the drawings. An embodiment of a charging device for an electric vehicle (hereinafter referred to as a charging device) and a system therefor. In the drawings, the same or similar components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description is omitted. However, the electric vehicle is not limited to the electric vehicle, and may be, for example, a battery type stacker described in the prior art.
如圖1所示，住宅係從電力系統100經由住宅用配電盤(住宅盤)4供給單相3線式的交流電力。住宅盤4具有主幹斷路器40，1次側與電力系統100相連接；以及多數之分歧斷路器41，分歧連接在主幹斷路器40的2次側。但是，有時亦於主幹斷路器40的1次側***限流器(電流限制器)。另，雖省略圖示，但各分歧斷路器41的2次側經由屋內配線而連接有插座或負載(照明器具、電磁爐或冷氣機等)。As shown in FIG. 1, the house is supplied with single-phase three-wire AC power from the power system 100 via the house switchboard (domestic disk) 4. The residential panel 4 has a trunk breaker 40, the primary side is connected to the power system 100, and a plurality of branch breakers 41 are connected to the secondary side of the trunk breaker 40. However, a current limiter (current limiter) is sometimes inserted in the primary side of the main breaker 40. Further, although not shown in the drawings, the secondary side of each of the branch breakers 41 is connected to a socket or a load (a lighting fixture, an induction cooker, an air conditioner, or the like) via the indoor wiring.
本實施形態的電動車輛用充電系統如圖1所示具有充電裝置1與電力監視裝置2。The charging system for an electric vehicle according to the present embodiment includes a charging device 1 and a power monitoring device 2 as shown in Fig. 1 .
電力監視裝置2包含控制部20、電流量測部21、及通信部22等。電流量測部21分別採用電流感測器210、211，量測主幹斷路器40之1次側所連接的3條電線之中，中性線以外的2條電線上流通的電流，並將各量測值輸出至控制部20。控制部20以微電腦作為主構成要素，依據電流量測部21所量測的電流值與主幹斷路器40之1次側電壓(輸入電壓)的量測值(電壓值)，演算從電力系統100供給的電力(供給電力)之瞬間值與累計值。又通信部22係與充電裝置1之間進行通信，例如依據RS485規格的串列通信。其中，通信部22的通信方式不限定於RS485規格，亦可係電力線網路或無線通信(例如小功率無線通信等)等。The power monitoring device 2 includes a control unit 20, a current measuring unit 21, a communication unit 22, and the like. The current measuring unit 21 uses current sensors 210 and 211 to measure the current flowing through the two wires other than the neutral line among the three wires connected to the primary side of the trunk circuit breaker 40, and The measured value is output to the control unit 20. The control unit 20 calculates the slave power system 100 based on the current value measured by the current measuring unit 21 and the measured value (voltage value) of the primary side voltage (input voltage) of the main breaker 40, using the microcomputer as a main component. The instantaneous value and accumulated value of the supplied electric power (supply electric power). Further, the communication unit 22 communicates with the charging device 1, for example, serial communication in accordance with the RS485 standard. The communication method of the communication unit 22 is not limited to the RS485 standard, and may be a power line network or wireless communication (for example, low-power wireless communication).
充電裝置1包含：信號處理部(傳送機構)10、零相變流器11、漏電偵測部12、開閉部13、通信控制部(調整機構)14、充電纜線15、及充電接頭16等。又，充電裝置1設置於靠近電動車200的停車空間(車庫)之處，連接至住宅盤4以分歧斷路器41所分歧的分歧電路之一(在圖1之例中係右下端的分歧斷路器41)。充電纜線15係由絕緣外覆包覆供電線150與傳送線151而構成，前端部分設有充電接頭16，供電線150上流通有往電動車200的供給電 流(充電電流)，傳送線151傳送後述之前導信號。充電接頭16自由插拔***連接至電動車200的車體所設的***口(inlet)。並且，充電接頭16***連接至***口時，可進行從電力系統100經由住宅盤4及充電裝置1的電力(充電電力)供給，以及充電裝置1之信號處理部10與電動車200的充電用ECU(電子控制單元)(未圖示)之間的前導信號傳送。The charging device 1 includes a signal processing unit (transmission mechanism) 10, a zero-phase current transformer 11, a leakage detecting unit 12, an opening and closing unit 13, a communication control unit (adjustment mechanism) 14, a charging cable 15, and a charging connector 16, and the like. . Further, the charging device 1 is disposed near the parking space (garage) of the electric vehicle 200, and is connected to the residential panel 4 to be one of the divergent circuits that the divergence breaker 41 is diverging (in the example of Fig. 1, the lower right end of the branch is broken) 41). The charging cable 15 is formed by covering the power supply line 150 and the transmission line 151 with an insulating cover. The front end portion is provided with a charging connector 16, and the power supply line 150 is supplied with power to the electric vehicle 200. The stream (charging current), the transmission line 151 transmits a preamble signal described later. The charging connector 16 is freely inserted and inserted into an inlet provided to the body of the electric vehicle 200. Further, when the charging connector 16 is inserted and connected to the insertion port, power supply (charging power) from the power system 100 via the house disk 4 and the charging device 1 can be supplied, and the signal processing unit 10 of the charging device 1 and the electric vehicle 200 can be charged. Preamble signal transmission between ECUs (Electronic Control Units) (not shown).
開閉部13具有***至從分歧斷路器41到供電線150為止之供電途徑中的電磁繼電器(未圖示)，因應來自信號處理部10的指示使電磁繼電器開啟．關閉，藉以開閉該供電途徑。漏電偵測部12利用零相變流器11偵測供電途徑上流通的不平衡電流，在該不平衡電流之偵測位準超越閾值時判斷為有漏電產生，控制開閉部13使供電途徑成開路。通信控制部14具有：通信功能，與電力監視裝置2的通信部22之間進行通信(RS485規格的串列通信)之功能；以及調整功能，如後所述調整供給至電動車200的充電電流之功能。此種通信控制部14係利用微電腦及串列通信用的積體電路等所構成。另，電力監視裝置2利用電流感測器212量測經由充電裝置1而供給至電動車200的電流(充電電流)。The opening and closing unit 13 has an electromagnetic relay (not shown) inserted into the power supply path from the branch circuit breaker 41 to the power supply line 150, and the electromagnetic relay is turned on in response to an instruction from the signal processing unit 10. Closed to open and close the power supply. The leakage detecting unit 12 detects the unbalanced current flowing through the power supply path by using the zero-phase current transformer 11, and determines that there is leakage when the detection level of the unbalanced current exceeds the threshold, and controls the opening and closing unit 13 to make the power supply path open circuit. The communication control unit 14 has a communication function, a function of communicating with the communication unit 22 of the power monitoring device 2 (serial communication of RS485 standard), and an adjustment function for adjusting the charging current supplied to the electric vehicle 200 as will be described later. The function. The communication control unit 14 is configured by a microcomputer or an integrated circuit for serial communication. Further, the power monitoring device 2 measures the current (charging current) supplied to the electric vehicle 200 via the charging device 1 by the current sensor 212.
在此，參照圖3的時序圖說明充電裝置1的基本充電動作。首先，於時刻t0將充電接頭16連接至電動車200的***口時，從信號處理部10將既定電壓V1(例如V1=12伏特)施加於傳送線151。並且，施加於傳送線151的電壓成為控制前導(CPLT)信號(以下簡稱前導信號。)的傳送媒體，因應於其電壓位準及負載比，如後述方式在充電用ECU與信號處理部10之間收發各種資訊。Here, the basic charging operation of the charging device 1 will be described with reference to the timing chart of FIG. First, when the charging connector 16 is connected to the insertion port of the electric vehicle 200 at time t0, a predetermined voltage V1 (for example, V1 = 12 volts) is applied from the signal processing unit 10 to the transmission line 151. Further, the voltage applied to the transmission line 151 serves as a transmission medium for controlling the preamble (CPLT) signal (hereinafter referred to as a preamble signal), and the voltage level and the duty ratio are applied to the charging ECU and the signal processing unit 10 as will be described later. Send and receive various information.
充電用ECU偵測到電壓V1的前導信號時，將前導信號的電壓位準從V1降壓至V2(例如V2=9伏特)(時刻t1~t2)。信號處理部10偵測到前導信號從V1降低到V2時，輸出既定頻率(例如1kHz)的脈衝狀前導信號(時刻t2~)。該前導信號之信號位準係±V1，但上限位準降壓至V2。前導信號的負載比顯示充電電流的上限值(充電裝置1的電流容量)，預先設定在每個充電裝置1。例如設定成，電流容量為12安培時負載比為20%，電流容量為30安培時負載 比為50%。充電用ECU偵測前導信號的負載比來辨識電流容量，將前導信號的電壓位準從V2降壓至V3(例如6V)(時刻t3)。信號處理部10偵測到前導信號的信號位準從V2降低到V3時，使開閉部13成斷路而開始進行充電電力供給。When the charging ECU detects the leading signal of the voltage V1, the voltage level of the leading signal is stepped down from V1 to V2 (for example, V2 = 9 volts) (time t1 to t2). When detecting that the preamble signal is lowered from V1 to V2, the signal processing unit 10 outputs a pulse-shaped preamble signal (timing t2~) of a predetermined frequency (for example, 1 kHz). The signal level of the preamble is ±V1, but the upper limit is stepped down to V2. The duty ratio of the leading signal indicates the upper limit value of the charging current (the current capacity of the charging device 1), and is set in advance in each charging device 1. For example, when the current capacity is 12 amps, the load ratio is 20%, and the current capacity is 30 amps. The ratio is 50%. The charging ECU detects the load ratio of the leading signal to identify the current capacity, and steps down the voltage level of the leading signal from V2 to V3 (for example, 6V) (time t3). When the signal processing unit 10 detects that the signal level of the preamble signal has decreased from V2 to V3, the signal processing unit 10 turns off the opening and closing unit 13 to start charging power supply.
充電用ECU依據電流容量來設定用以將蓄電池之充電位準充電至目標位準為止的電流值(≦電流容量)，將充電指令輸出至電動車200所配備的充電器(未圖示)。接受到充電指令的充電器，調整充電電流使其不超過充電用ECU所設定的電流值來對蓄電池進行充電(時刻t3~)。充電用ECU在蓄電池的充電位準到達目標位準時，輸出充電器充電結束指令結束對於蓄電池的充電，將前導信號的電壓位準從V3回復到V2(時刻t4)。充電器在接受到充電結束指令時結束蓄電池的充電。The charging ECU sets a current value (≦ current capacity) for charging the charging level of the battery to the target level in accordance with the current capacity, and outputs a charging command to a charger (not shown) provided in the electric vehicle 200. The charger that has received the charging command adjusts the charging current so as not to exceed the current value set by the charging ECU to charge the battery (time t3~). When the charging ECU reaches the target level at the charging level of the battery, the output charger charging end command ends charging the battery, and the voltage level of the leading signal is returned from V3 to V2 (time t4). The charger ends the charging of the battery when it receives the charging end command.
信號處理部10偵測到前導信號從V3變化成V2時，使開閉部13成斷路停止交流電力供給。充電用ECU將前導信號電壓位準回復到當初的V1(時刻t5)。信號處理部10在前導信號的電壓位準回復到V1時，停止既定頻率的振盪並將前導信號的電壓位準維持在V1而回到待機狀態(時刻t6)。When the signal processing unit 10 detects that the preamble signal has changed from V3 to V2, the signal processing unit 10 turns off the opening and closing unit 13 to stop the supply of the alternating current power. Charging ECU will pre-signal The voltage level returns to the original V1 (time t5). When the voltage level of the preamble signal returns to V1, the signal processing unit 10 stops the oscillation of the predetermined frequency and maintains the voltage level of the preamble signal at V1 and returns to the standby state (time t6).
如上所述的充電裝置1，在對於電動車200的充電電力供給進行開關的同時向電動車200的充電用ECU指示充電電流的上限值，藉以控制電動車200所配備的蓄電池之充電。The charging device 1 as described above instructs the charging ECU of the electric vehicle 200 to switch the charging power supply of the electric vehicle 200 to the upper limit value of the charging current, thereby controlling the charging of the battery equipped in the electric vehicle 200.
此外，電動車200的充電，通常須要十多安培~數十安培左右的龐大充電電流。另一方面，普通的住宅中，主幹斷路器40(設置有限流器時為限流器與主幹斷路器40)的額定電流設定在30安培~60安培左右。所以，在使用電磁爐或冷氣機等消耗電流較大的負載設備下對於電動車200進行充電時，若使充電電流流至充電裝置1直到預先設定的上限，則主幹斷路器40或限流器有可能將會跳脫。In addition, the charging of the electric vehicle 200 usually requires a large charging current of about ten amps to several tens of amps. On the other hand, in an ordinary house, the rated current of the main breaker 40 (the current limiter and the main breaker 40 when the flow restrictor is installed) is set at about 30 amps to 60 amps. Therefore, when the electric vehicle 200 is charged by using a load device having a large current consumption such as an induction cooker or an air conditioner, if the charging current is caused to flow to the charging device 1 up to a preset upper limit, the main breaker 40 or the current limiter has May be able to jump off.
所以，電力監視裝置2的控制部20在主幹斷路器40上流通的電流(全消耗電流)超過額定電流時，使通信部22傳送將充電電流上限值定為從現在的充電電流之電流值減去全消耗電流與額定 電流之差的電流值之指令(調整指令)。另，全消耗電流係充電電流與負載設備的消耗電流(負載消耗電流)之總和。其次，電力監視裝置2的控制部20亦可在全消耗電流低於額定電流時，於全消耗電流不超過額定電流的限度內，使通信部22傳送提高充電電流上限值之指令。在此，對於充電電流上限值的提高，係於預先設定在每個充電裝置1的充電裝置1之電流容量的限度內進行。但是，控制部20在電流量測部21所量測的充電電流(電流感測器212所偵測的電流)幾乎視為零時，判斷電動車200並未進行充電而不進行上限值的調整指令通知。Therefore, when the current (full current consumption) flowing through the main breaker 40 exceeds the rated current, the control unit 20 of the power monitoring device 2 causes the communication unit 22 to transmit the current value of the charging current upper limit to the current charging current. Subtract total current consumption and rating The command of the current value of the difference in current (adjustment command). In addition, the total current consumption is the sum of the charging current and the current consumption (load current consumption) of the load device. Next, the control unit 20 of the power monitoring device 2 may cause the communication unit 22 to transmit a command for increasing the upper limit of the charging current within the limit that the total current consumption does not exceed the rated current when the total current consumption is lower than the rated current. Here, the increase in the upper limit of the charging current is performed in advance within the limit of the current capacity of the charging device 1 of each charging device 1. However, when the charging current (the current detected by the current sensor 212) measured by the current measuring unit 21 is almost regarded as zero, the control unit 20 determines that the electric vehicle 200 is not charged without performing the upper limit value. Adjust the instruction notification.
充電裝置1中，接收到從電力監視裝置2傳送之該調整指令的通信控制部14，指示信號處理部10使充電電流的上限值在調整指令所指示的上限值以下。並且，信號處理部10接受到來自通信控制部14的指示時，減少前導信號的負載比。例如，充電纜線15的電流容量係20安培時，將當初50%的負載比減少成40%~20%，就結果而言，是將充電電流的上限值調整成比當初的20安培更低之值(例如10安培)。In the charging device 1, the communication control unit 14 that has received the adjustment command transmitted from the power monitoring device 2 instructs the signal processing unit 10 to set the upper limit value of the charging current to be equal to or lower than the upper limit value indicated by the adjustment command. Further, when receiving the instruction from the communication control unit 14, the signal processing unit 10 reduces the duty ratio of the preamble signal. For example, when the current capacity of the charging cable 15 is 20 amps, the original 50% load ratio is reduced to 40% to 20%. As a result, the upper limit of the charging current is adjusted to be more than the original 20 amps. Low value (eg 10 amps).
電動車200的充電用ECU，依據調整後的上限值再度設定充電電流之電流值並將充電指令輸出至充電器。接受到該充電指令的充電器，調整充電電流使其不超過充電用ECU所設定的新電流值，同時對於蓄電池進行充電。其結果，因為供給至電動車200的充電電流減少，所以能避免全消耗電流會超過主幹斷路器40的額定電流。The charging ECU of the electric vehicle 200 sets the current value of the charging current again based on the adjusted upper limit value and outputs the charging command to the charger. The charger that has received the charging command adjusts the charging current so as not to exceed the new current value set by the charging ECU, and simultaneously charges the battery. As a result, since the charging current supplied to the electric vehicle 200 is reduced, it is possible to prevent the total current consumption from exceeding the rated current of the main breaker 40.
但是，如習知技術中所說明，指示電動車200使充電裝置1減少充電電流，到實際上電動車200側減少充電電流為止，產生了相當的延遲時間。例如，如圖2(b)所示，將從通信控制部14接收調整指令起到變更前導信號的負載比為止定為需要T2的時間，到電動車200因應於前導信號而減少充電電流為止定為需要T3的時間，則產生有T1時間(=T2+T3)的延遲。其結果，因為主幹斷路器40上持續流通過載電流至少有T1時間，所以延遲時間T1若超過跳開動作時間則主幹斷路器40有可能會跳脫。而且， 到電動車200因應於前導信號而減少充電電流為止所要的時間T3依據電動車200的車種而多所不同。However, as explained in the prior art, the electric vehicle 200 is instructed to cause the charging device 1 to reduce the charging current, and actually the electric vehicle 200 side reduces the charging current, resulting in a considerable delay time. For example, as shown in FIG. 2(b), the load ratio from the reception of the adjustment command to the change of the preamble signal from the communication control unit 14 is determined to be the time required for T2, and the electric vehicle 200 is reduced in response to the preamble signal. In order to require T3, a delay of T1 time (= T2 + T3) is generated. As a result, since the overload current continuously flows through the trunk circuit breaker 40 for at least T1 time, the trunk circuit breaker 40 may trip if the delay time T1 exceeds the tripping operation time. and, The time T3 required until the electric vehicle 200 reduces the charging current in response to the preamble signal varies depending on the type of the electric vehicle 200.
所以本實施形態中，信號處理部10因應於調整指令而變更前導信號的負載比時(減少時)，藉由使信號電壓成為0伏特而暫時停止前導信號之後(T5時間経過後)，將前導信號以變更後的負載比傳送至電動車200的充電用ECU(參照圖2(a))。電動車200的充電用ECU在前導信號停止時立刻使充電器中止充電，並於經過T5時間後接受到前導信號時，依據調整後的上限值再度設定充電電流的電流值而將充電指令輸出至充電器。接受到該充電指令的充電器，調整充電電流使其不超過充電用ECU所設定的新電流值並且對於蓄電池進行充電。此時，充電用ECU接受到前導信號起到充電電流再開為止須要T6時間。Therefore, in the present embodiment, when the signal processing unit 10 changes the duty ratio of the preamble signal (in the case of reduction) in response to the adjustment command, the signal is temporarily stopped after the signal voltage becomes 0 volt (after the time T5 has elapsed), and the preamble is guided. The signal is transmitted to the charging ECU of the electric vehicle 200 at the changed duty ratio (see FIG. 2( a )). The charging ECU of the electric vehicle 200 immediately stops the charging of the charger when the preamble signal is stopped, and when the preamble signal is received after the time T5 elapses, the current value of the charging current is again set according to the adjusted upper limit value, and the charging command is output. To the charger. The charger that has received the charging command adjusts the charging current so as not to exceed the new current value set by the charging ECU and charges the battery. At this time, it takes T6 time for the charging ECU to receive the preamble signal until the charging current is re-opened.
而後，如上所述，前導信號暫時停止時，全消耗電流超過額定電流的時間只有到信號處理部10停止前導信號為止所須的時間T4，不受電動車200的處理時間T3之影響。所以，依據本實施形態的充電裝置1，無論電動車200的種類，均能避免主幹斷路器40之跳脫並同時將充電電流調整成適切值。Then, as described above, when the preamble signal is temporarily stopped, the time required for the total current consumption to exceed the rated current is only the time T4 required until the signal processing unit 10 stops the preamble signal, and is not affected by the processing time T3 of the electric vehicle 200. Therefore, according to the charging device 1 of the present embodiment, regardless of the type of the electric vehicle 200, the tripping of the trunk circuit breaker 40 can be avoided and the charging current can be adjusted to an appropriate value.
此外，開始從充電裝置1對於電動車200進行充電時，將充電電流的上限值設定由充電裝置1的電流容量所決定之值(以下稱為基本上限值。)之情況，負載消耗電流的電流值有可能造成充電開始後立即使得全消耗電流超過額定電流。所以，在充電開始時，信號處理部10宜從低於基本上限值的更低上限值起，以固定的比率增加前導信號的負載比，緩緩提升上限值直到基本上限值(參照圖4)。並且，全消耗電流在上限值上昇途中超過額定電流時，信號處理部10因應於來自電力監視裝置2的指示，調整前導信號的負載比以降低上限值。When the charging device 1 starts charging the electric vehicle 200, the upper limit value of the charging current is set to a value determined by the current capacity of the charging device 1 (hereinafter referred to as a basic limit value), and the load current is consumed. The current value may cause the total current consumption to exceed the rated current immediately after the start of charging. Therefore, at the start of charging, the signal processing unit 10 preferably increases the duty ratio of the preamble signal at a fixed ratio from a lower upper limit value lower than the basic limit value, and gradually raises the upper limit value until the basic limit value ( Refer to Figure 4). When the total current consumption exceeds the rated current while the upper limit value is increasing, the signal processing unit 10 adjusts the load ratio of the preamble signal to lower the upper limit value in response to an instruction from the power monitoring device 2.
宜使如上所述***在斷路器與電動車輛之間並對於該電動車輛指示充電電流上限值的電動車輛用充電裝置中，包含：傳送機構，與該電動車輛之間藉由電壓信號來傳送該上限值資訊；以及調整機構，因應於該斷路器上流通的電流之電流值來將該上限值 之調整指示至該傳送機構；並且，該傳送機構在充電開始時使該上限值緩緩上升。如此，可確實避免充電開始時的斷路器(主幹斷路器40)之跳脫。Preferably, the charging device for an electric vehicle that is inserted between the circuit breaker and the electric vehicle as described above and that indicates the upper limit value of the charging current for the electric vehicle includes: a transmission mechanism that is transmitted by the voltage signal with the electric vehicle The upper limit value information; and an adjustment mechanism that determines the upper limit value according to the current value of the current flowing through the circuit breaker The adjustment instruction is directed to the transfer mechanism; and the transfer mechanism gradually raises the upper limit value at the start of charging. In this way, it is possible to surely avoid the tripping of the circuit breaker (main breaker 40) at the start of charging.
在此，上述實施形態的內容可進行互相組合。Here, the contents of the above embodiments can be combined with each other.
以上已說明本發明之較佳實施形態，但本發明不限於此等特定實施形態，可在不脫離申請專利範圍的範疇內進行多種變更及變形，其亦屬於本發明之範疇內。The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
1‧‧‧充電裝置1‧‧‧Charging device
2‧‧‧電力監視裝置2‧‧‧Power monitoring device
4‧‧‧住宅用配電盤(住宅盤)4‧‧‧ Residential switchboard (residential tray)
10‧‧‧信號處理部(傳送機構)10‧‧‧Signal Processing Department (Transport Mechanism)
11‧‧‧零相變流器11‧‧‧ Zero-phase converter
12‧‧‧漏電偵測部12‧‧‧Leakage Detection Department
13‧‧‧開閉部13‧‧‧Opening and closing department
14‧‧‧通信控制部(調整機構)14‧‧‧Communication Control Department (Adjustment Agency)
15‧‧‧充電纜線15‧‧‧Charging cable
16‧‧‧充電接頭16‧‧‧Charging connector
20‧‧‧控制部20‧‧‧Control Department
21‧‧‧電流量測部21‧‧‧ Current Measurement Department
22‧‧‧通信部22‧‧‧Communication Department
40‧‧‧主幹斷路器40‧‧‧Main Circuit Breaker
41‧‧‧分歧斷路器41‧‧‧Differential circuit breaker
100‧‧‧電力系統100‧‧‧Power system
150‧‧‧供電線150‧‧‧Power supply line
151‧‧‧傳送線151‧‧‧Transmission line
200‧‧‧電動車200‧‧‧Electric vehicles
210、211、212‧‧‧電流感測器210, 211, 212‧‧‧ current sensors
V1~V3‧‧‧既定電壓V1~V3‧‧‧established voltage
圖1係顯示本發明之電動車輛用充電裝置及電動車輛用充電系統的實施形態之方塊圖及系統構成圖。Fig. 1 is a block diagram and a system configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a charging device for an electric vehicle and a charging system for an electric vehicle according to the present invention.
圖2(a)、(b)係其動作說明圖。2(a) and 2(b) are explanatory views of the operation.
圖3係用來說明其電動車輛用充電裝置之基本充電動作的時序圖。Fig. 3 is a timing chart for explaining a basic charging operation of the electric vehicle charging device.
圖4係其他動作的說明圖。Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram of other operations.
1‧‧‧充電裝置1‧‧‧Charging device
2‧‧‧電力監視裝置2‧‧‧Power monitoring device
4‧‧‧住宅用配電盤(住宅盤)4‧‧‧ Residential switchboard (residential tray)
10‧‧‧信號處理部(傳送機構)10‧‧‧Signal Processing Department (Transport Mechanism)
11‧‧‧零相變流器11‧‧‧ Zero-phase converter
12‧‧‧漏電偵測部12‧‧‧Leakage Detection Department
13‧‧‧開閉部13‧‧‧Opening and closing department
14‧‧‧通信控制部(調整機構)14‧‧‧Communication Control Department (Adjustment Agency)
15‧‧‧充電纜線15‧‧‧Charging cable
16‧‧‧充電接頭16‧‧‧Charging connector
20‧‧‧控制部20‧‧‧Control Department
21‧‧‧電流量測部21‧‧‧ Current Measurement Department
22‧‧‧通信部22‧‧‧Communication Department
40‧‧‧主幹斷路器40‧‧‧Main Circuit Breaker
41‧‧‧分歧斷路器41‧‧‧Differential circuit breaker
100‧‧‧電力系統100‧‧‧Power system
150‧‧‧供電線150‧‧‧Power supply line
151‧‧‧傳送線151‧‧‧Transmission line
200‧‧‧電動車200‧‧‧Electric vehicles
210、211、212‧‧‧電流感測器210, 211, 212‧‧‧ current sensors
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011189156A JP5793672B2 (en) | 2011-08-31 | 2011-08-31 | Electric vehicle charging device and electric vehicle charging system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW201318898A TW201318898A (en) | 2013-05-16 |
| TWI486271B true TWI486271B (en) | 2015-06-01 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW101130662A TWI486271B (en) | 2011-08-31 | 2012-08-23 | Charging device for electric vehicle and charging system for electric vehicle |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP5793672B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103597705B (en) |
| MY (1) | MY163747A (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI486271B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013030641A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6156124B2 (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2017-07-05 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | In-vehicle communication control device |
| CN105932739A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-09-07 | 肇庆高新区凯盈顺汽车设计有限公司 | Charging device for electric automobile |
| US11376984B2 (en) | 2017-05-16 | 2022-07-05 | Hubbell Incorporated | Electric vehicle charger with load shedding |
| JP2020115723A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2020-07-30 | 日東工業株式会社 | Vehicle charging system |
| JP7261983B2 (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2023-04-21 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | POWER SUPPLY DEVICE, POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM, POWER SUPPLY METHOD, PROGRAM |
| DE102020109932A1 (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2021-10-14 | Aesculap Ag | Adaptive tool operation |
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| JP2008141924A (en) * | 2006-12-05 | 2008-06-19 | Hitachi Ltd | On-vehicle battery charger, on-vehicle battery apparatus and on-vehicle battery charging method |
| JP2010004674A (en) * | 2008-06-20 | 2010-01-07 | Fujitsu Ten Ltd | Electronic control device |
| CN102216961A (en) * | 2008-11-17 | 2011-10-12 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Charging cable for electric vehicle and method of controlling charging cable |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH037020A (en) * | 1989-06-02 | 1991-01-14 | Toshiba Corp | Power supply controller |
| JPH0622454A (en) * | 1992-06-30 | 1994-01-28 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Power supply controller |
| JP2732213B2 (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 1998-03-25 | 東京瓦斯株式会社 | Power supply cutoff system |
| KR100421094B1 (en) * | 2001-07-27 | 2004-03-04 | 발레오만도전장시스템스코리아 주식회사 | An outward form Regulator of Alternator for car |
| JP4648464B2 (en) * | 2009-02-11 | 2011-03-09 | 中部電力株式会社 | Vehicle charging system and charging control device for apartment house |
| JP5391886B2 (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2014-01-15 | パナソニック株式会社 | Electric device with charging means, control method of electric device with charging means, and program thereof |
| JP5491847B2 (en) * | 2009-12-21 | 2014-05-14 | パナソニック株式会社 | Electric vehicle power supply system |
-
2011
- 2011-08-31 JP JP2011189156A patent/JP5793672B2/en active Active
-
2012
- 2012-08-22 CN CN201280026209.4A patent/CN103597705B/en active Active
- 2012-08-22 MY MYPI2013004238A patent/MY163747A/en unknown
- 2012-08-22 WO PCT/IB2012/001612 patent/WO2013030641A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-08-23 TW TW101130662A patent/TWI486271B/en active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008141924A (en) * | 2006-12-05 | 2008-06-19 | Hitachi Ltd | On-vehicle battery charger, on-vehicle battery apparatus and on-vehicle battery charging method |
| JP2010004674A (en) * | 2008-06-20 | 2010-01-07 | Fujitsu Ten Ltd | Electronic control device |
| CN102216961A (en) * | 2008-11-17 | 2011-10-12 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Charging cable for electric vehicle and method of controlling charging cable |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103597705B (en) | 2016-01-20 |
| MY163747A (en) | 2017-10-31 |
| JP2013051846A (en) | 2013-03-14 |
| WO2013030641A1 (en) | 2013-03-07 |
| CN103597705A (en) | 2014-02-19 |
| TW201318898A (en) | 2013-05-16 |
| JP5793672B2 (en) | 2015-10-14 |
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