TWI482352B - Power-supplying method of a fuel cell and fuel cell apparatus - Google Patents
Power-supplying method of a fuel cell and fuel cell apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- TWI482352B TWI482352B TW101147644A TW101147644A TWI482352B TW I482352 B TWI482352 B TW I482352B TW 101147644 A TW101147644 A TW 101147644A TW 101147644 A TW101147644 A TW 101147644A TW I482352 B TWI482352 B TW I482352B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Description
本揭露係關於一種供電系統，特別是一種燃料電池之供電裝置及其供電方法。The present disclosure relates to a power supply system, and more particularly to a power supply device for a fuel cell and a power supply method thereof.
燃料電池係一種高效率的能源轉換裝置，在其陽極供應燃料並在陰極供應氧化劑，即可藉由電化學反應將燃料的化學能轉換為電能。其所使用的燃料可為氫氣或經重組後的天然氣、甲醇、汽油等，而其氧化劑可為氧氣或空氣。若以氫氣為燃料則燃料電池的產物是水、電能和熱能，故燃料電池可說是一種低污染甚至零污染的發電裝置。近年來相關技術有突破性的發展，成本也降低許多，各國政府都在積極鼓勵研發，相關的應用產品也正陸續推出，不但各大車廠在車展上推出的概念車競相以燃料電池作為動力，許多廠商也陸續研發燃料電池發電機及相關的應用產品，希望在動力的取得上，替代掉以往使用具汙染性又耗能的燃油引擎，或是仍不具環保效益的二次電池。A fuel cell is a highly efficient energy conversion device that supplies fuel at its anode and oxidant at the cathode to convert the chemical energy of the fuel into electrical energy by an electrochemical reaction. The fuel used may be hydrogen or recombined natural gas, methanol, gasoline, etc., and the oxidant may be oxygen or air. If hydrogen is used as fuel, the products of the fuel cell are water, electric energy and heat energy, so the fuel cell can be said to be a low-pollution or even zero-pollution power generation device. In recent years, relevant technologies have made breakthroughs and costs have been reduced. Governments are actively encouraging R&D, and related application products are being launched. Not only are the concept cars launched by major automakers at the auto show competing with fuel cells as the driving force. Many manufacturers have also developed fuel cell generators and related applications, and hope to replace the use of polluting and energy-consuming fuel engines or secondary batteries that are still not environmentally friendly.
目前燃料電池供電系統架構主要構件為燃料電池堆、燃料電池控制器、電池(二次電池或具儲能設備)、常閉式電磁閥以及各類型之穩壓器所組成。燃料電池啟動與運行前，燃料電池控制器之控制元件如電磁閥與供氣風扇，係由電池來提供所需之基本電力，才可啟動與運作供電系統。換言之，燃料電池供電系統啟動時即需要一個獨立的電源，若獨立電源失效(電能耗盡或故障)即無法啟動燃料電池運作。又或者當燃料電池運作時，電池之電 能耗盡，燃料電池控制器將無法控制電磁閥或供氣風扇運作，即使得燃料電池無法正常供電。At present, the main components of the fuel cell power supply system architecture are a fuel cell stack, a fuel cell controller, a battery (secondary battery or energy storage device), a normally closed solenoid valve, and various types of voltage regulators. Before the fuel cell is started and operated, the control components of the fuel cell controller, such as the solenoid valve and the air supply fan, are supplied with the basic power required by the battery to start and operate the power supply system. In other words, a separate power supply is required when the fuel cell power system is started. If the independent power supply fails (power is exhausted or faulty), the fuel cell operation cannot be started. Or when the fuel cell is operating, the battery is powered When it is exhausted, the fuel cell controller will not be able to control the solenoid valve or the air supply fan to operate, that is, the fuel cell cannot be powered normally.
因此，在目前燃料電池供電系統在實際使用上需注意電池之電量，而必需要經常進行充電，這使得燃料電池供電系統能否正常運作受限於一個獨立的電池，影響了燃料電池的效能。Therefore, in the current fuel cell power supply system, the battery needs to be paid attention to in actual use, and it is necessary to charge frequently. This makes the fuel cell power supply system operate normally limited to a single battery, which affects the performance of the fuel cell.
習知的燃料電池供電系統都需要一個獨立的電池來供應燃料電池控制器啟動所需之基本電力，使得獨立的電池能否正常供應電力直接影響燃料電池供電系統能否正常的運作生成電力。有鑑於此，本發明提出了無須獨立電池之燃料電池供電方法及其燃料電池裝置。Conventional fuel cell power supply systems require a separate battery to supply the basic power required for the fuel cell controller to start, so that whether the independent battery can supply power directly affects whether the fuel cell power supply system can operate normally to generate electricity. In view of this, the present invention proposes a fuel cell power supply method without a separate battery and a fuel cell device thereof.
根據本發明所揭露之燃料電池供電方法，係提供燃料源供給燃料至燃料電池，令燃料電池產生一初始電能，初始電能供應一控制迴路基礎電能，令控制迴路驅動一工作組件運作，工作組件令外界空氣進入至該燃料電池，並進入第一狀態；當於開機進入第二狀態，工作組件依據輸出負載需求運作，而使燃料電池產生一主電能而供應至一負載。According to the fuel cell power supply method disclosed in the present invention, a fuel source is provided to supply fuel to the fuel cell, so that the fuel cell generates an initial electric energy, and the initial electric energy supplies a control circuit basic electric energy, so that the control circuit drives a working component to operate, and the working component makes The outside air enters the fuel cell and enters the first state; when the power is turned on to the second state, the working component operates according to the output load demand, and the fuel cell generates a main electric energy to be supplied to a load.
根據本發明所揭露之燃料電池供電裝置，包括一燃料電池、一燃料源、一控制迴路及一工作組件，其中燃料源連接於燃料電池，由燃料源供應燃料至燃料電池產生一初始電能，初始電能輸入至控制迴路，令控制迴路驅動工作組件，工作組件令外界氣進入至燃料電池，並進入第一狀態；並於開機進入第二狀態，工作組件依據輸出負載需求運作，使燃料電池產生一主電能而供應至 一負載。A fuel cell power supply device according to the present invention includes a fuel cell, a fuel source, a control circuit and a working component, wherein the fuel source is connected to the fuel cell, and the fuel source supplies the fuel to the fuel cell to generate an initial electrical energy. The electric energy is input to the control loop, so that the control loop drives the working component, the working component causes the external air to enter the fuel cell, and enters the first state; and enters the second state after the booting, the working component operates according to the output load demand, so that the fuel cell generates one Main power supply to A load.
根據本發明之燃料電池供電方法及燃料電池供電裝置，透過燃料電池本身供應初始電能而提供控制迴路所需之基礎電能，有效解決習知燃料電池供電系統須獨立配置電池或其他具備儲能功能之設備。即燃料電池不需要額外的獨立電池，即可提供燃料電池啟動與運轉之基礎電力，提升燃料電池之效能。According to the fuel cell power supply method and the fuel cell power supply device of the present invention, the initial power required by the fuel cell itself is supplied to provide the basic electric energy required for the control loop, and the conventional fuel cell power supply system must be independently configured with a battery or other energy storage function. device. That is, the fuel cell does not require an additional independent battery, and can provide the basic power of the fuel cell to start and operate, and improve the performance of the fuel cell.
有關本發明之詳細特徵與實作，茲配合圖式在實施方式中詳細說明如下，其內容足以使任何熟習相關技術者了解本發明之技術內容並據以實施，且根據本說明書所揭露之內容及圖式，任何熟習相關技術者可輕易地理解本發明之目的與優點。The detailed features and implementations of the present invention are described in detail in the following embodiments, which are sufficient to enable anyone skilled in the art to understand the technical contents of the present invention and to implement the present invention. The objects and advantages of the present invention are readily understood by those skilled in the art.
根據本發明所揭露之燃料電池供電裝置，請參閱「第1圖」所示。燃料電池供電裝置10包括一燃料電池11、一燃料源12、一控制迴路13及一工作組件14。According to the fuel cell power supply device disclosed in the present invention, please refer to "Fig. 1". The fuel cell power supply device 10 includes a fuel cell 11, a fuel source 12, a control circuit 13, and a working component 14.
燃料電池11係由氫氣與氧氣經由觸媒催化反應下進行發電，燃料電池11屬於已知技術，故不再多做描述。燃料電池11通過氫氣管路(圖中以線條示意)連接燃料源12，燃料源12係由儲氫容器或產氫設備(圖中未示)供給氫氣。於燃料源12與燃料電池11之間連接有一第一逆止閥151及一調壓閥152。第一逆止閥151為一機械式單向閘門，並且第一逆止閥151設定有一開啟壓力值。當低於開啟壓力值以下此第一逆止閥151關閉，若大於或等於開啟壓力值則此第一逆止閥151開啟，燃料源12之氫氣得以通過第一逆止閥151而進入氫氣管路。調壓閥152用以控制氫氣供給燃 料電池11之壓力值。The fuel cell 11 is powered by hydrogen and oxygen via a catalytic reaction of a catalyst. The fuel cell 11 is a known technique and will not be described. The fuel cell 11 is connected to a fuel source 12 through a hydrogen line (illustrated by a line in the drawing), and the fuel source 12 is supplied with hydrogen by a hydrogen storage container or a hydrogen producing device (not shown). A first check valve 151 and a pressure regulating valve 152 are connected between the fuel source 12 and the fuel cell 11. The first check valve 151 is a mechanical one-way gate, and the first check valve 151 is set to have an opening pressure value. When the pressure is lower than the opening pressure value, the first check valve 151 is closed. If the pressure is greater than or equal to the opening pressure, the first check valve 151 is opened, and the hydrogen of the fuel source 12 passes through the first check valve 151 to enter the hydrogen pipe. road. Pressure regulating valve 152 is used to control hydrogen supply combustion The pressure value of the battery 11 is measured.
控制迴路13包含有一直流穩壓器131(DC/DC converter)及一控制器132(Base operation power controller)。其中，直流穩壓器131與燃料電池11及控制器132電性連接，用以調整燃料電池11所產生之初始電能為固定電壓值而輸入至控制器132。控制器132與燃料電池11、直流穩壓器131及工作組件14電性連接，用以接受來自直流穩壓器131之電能或是直接來自燃料電池11的電能，並可控制工作組件14之工作狀態，而控制器132並可連接至一外部的負載16。The control circuit 13 includes a DC voltage regulator 131 (DC/DC converter) and a controller 132 (Base operation power controller). The DC voltage regulator 131 is electrically connected to the fuel cell 11 and the controller 132 for adjusting the initial power generated by the fuel cell 11 to be a fixed voltage value and input to the controller 132. The controller 132 is electrically connected to the fuel cell 11, the DC voltage regulator 131 and the working component 14 for receiving power from the DC voltage regulator 131 or directly from the fuel cell 11, and can control the operation of the working component 14. State, and controller 132 can be coupled to an external load 16.
工作組件14包含有一供氣風扇141及一電磁閥142。其中，供氣風扇141對應於燃料電池11之供氣管路(圖中以線條示意)，用以使外界空氣進入於燃料電池11，供氣風扇141並且可提供強制對流，以對燃料電池11進行散熱。電磁閥142為一常開式電磁閥，常態下，常開式電磁閥呈開啟狀態，於並可受控制器132之控制而關閉。而電磁閥142透過一排出管路(圖中以線條示意)而連接於一第二逆止閥17，第二逆止閥17為一機械式單向閘門，用以將燃料電池11反應後之未反應之氫氣及生成水排出。The working assembly 14 includes a supply air fan 141 and a solenoid valve 142. The air supply fan 141 corresponds to the air supply line of the fuel cell 11 (shown by a line in the figure) for allowing outside air to enter the fuel cell 11, the air supply fan 141, and can provide forced convection to perform the fuel cell 11 Cooling. The solenoid valve 142 is a normally open solenoid valve. In the normal state, the normally open solenoid valve is in an open state and can be closed by the control of the controller 132. The solenoid valve 142 is connected to a second check valve 17 through a discharge line (shown by a line in the figure). The second check valve 17 is a mechanical one-way gate for reacting the fuel cell 11 Unreacted hydrogen and produced water are discharged.
請一併參閱「第2圖」所示，根據本發明所揭露之燃料電池供電方法，於燃料電池供電裝置10未運作下，第一逆止閥151、第二逆止閥17係為關閉，而電磁閥142為開啟狀態。第一逆止閥151與第二逆止閥17阻隔氫氣或空氣在未運作狀態下進入燃料電池11，並且防止供應氫氣之管路長時間暴露在空氣中。Referring to FIG. 2 together, according to the fuel cell power supply method disclosed in the present invention, when the fuel cell power supply device 10 is not operated, the first check valve 151 and the second check valve 17 are closed. The solenoid valve 142 is in an open state. The first check valve 151 and the second check valve 17 block hydrogen gas or air from entering the fuel cell 11 in an inoperative state, and prevent the pipeline for supplying hydrogen from being exposed to the air for a long time.
欲開始進行供電步驟，首先，開啟燃料源12開始供給燃料(氫 氣)，當燃料源12之供給壓力大於或等於第一逆止閥151所設定之開啟壓力，燃料源12之氫氣得以通過第一逆止閥151而進入氫氣管路，並通過調壓閥152控制氫氣供給壓力值後，氫氣進入燃料電池11，此時燃料電池11產生一初始電能(步驟S101)。在此同時，電磁閥142仍為開啟狀態，而第一逆止閥151將呈開啟狀態。燃料電池11所產生之初始電能將供應控制迴路13所需之基礎電能(步驟S102)。其中，初始電能係先通過直流穩壓器131，直流穩壓器131調整燃料電池11所產生之初始電能為固定電壓值而輸入至控制器132。To start the power supply step, first, turn on the fuel source 12 to start supplying fuel (hydrogen When the supply pressure of the fuel source 12 is greater than or equal to the opening pressure set by the first check valve 151, the hydrogen of the fuel source 12 can pass through the first check valve 151 to enter the hydrogen line and pass through the pressure regulating valve 152. After controlling the hydrogen supply pressure value, the hydrogen gas enters the fuel cell 11, at which time the fuel cell 11 generates an initial electric energy (step S101). At the same time, the solenoid valve 142 is still open, and the first check valve 151 will be in an open state. The initial electrical energy generated by the fuel cell 11 will supply the basic electrical energy required by the control loop 13 (step S102). The initial power is first input to the controller 132 through the DC regulator 131, and the DC regulator 131 adjusts the initial power generated by the fuel cell 11 to a fixed voltage value.
控制器132在獲得基礎電能後，啟動控制器132將驅動工作組件14開始運作。其中，工作組件14中之供氣風扇141開始低速轉動，以使外界空氣進入於燃料電池11，而使燃料電池供電裝置10進入到第一狀態(步驟S103)。第一狀態即使燃料電池供電裝置10進入待機狀態。After the controller 132 obtains the base power, the start controller 132 will drive the work component 14 to begin operation. Among them, the air supply fan 141 in the working unit 14 starts to rotate at a low speed to allow outside air to enter the fuel cell 11, and the fuel cell power supply device 10 enters the first state (step S103). The first state is even if the fuel cell power supply device 10 enters a standby state.
開啟燃料電池供電裝置10進入第二狀態，即開機進入燃料電池供電裝置10之運作狀態，工作組件14依據輸出負載需求運作(步驟S104)。其中，供氣風扇141及電磁閥142依照輸出負載需求控制風扇轉速及電磁閥142之開關，即於燃料電池供電裝置10穩定輸出之狀態下，電磁閥142可被控制開關的頻率，讓氫氣可充分地在燃料電池11內反應，並且適時自第二逆止閥17排放未反應之氫氣及生成水(此一狀態下第二逆止閥17將呈開啟狀態。)。The fuel cell power supply device 10 is turned on to enter the second state, that is, the operation state of the fuel cell power supply device 10 is turned on, and the working component 14 operates according to the output load demand (step S104). The air supply fan 141 and the electromagnetic valve 142 control the fan speed and the switch of the electromagnetic valve 142 according to the output load demand, that is, in the state that the fuel cell power supply device 10 is stably output, the electromagnetic valve 142 can be controlled by the frequency of the switch, so that the hydrogen can be The reaction is sufficiently carried out in the fuel cell 11, and unreacted hydrogen and generated water are discharged from the second check valve 17 in a timely manner (in this state, the second check valve 17 will be in an open state).
在燃料電池供電裝置10穩定輸出之狀態下，燃料電池11產生一主電能，並透過控制器132而供應至一負載16(步驟S105)。In a state where the fuel cell power supply device 10 is stably outputted, the fuel cell 11 generates a main electric energy, and is supplied to a load 16 through the controller 132 (step S105).
根據本發明之燃料電池供電方法及燃料電池供電裝置，透過燃料電池本身供應初始電能而提供控制迴路所需之基礎電能，有效解決習知燃料電池供電系統須獨立配置電池或其他具備儲能功能之設備。即燃料電池不需要額外的獨立電池，即可提供燃料電池啟動與運轉之基礎電力，提升燃料電池之效能。另外，根據本發明之燃料電池供電方法及燃料電池供電裝置，第一逆止閥與第二逆止閥阻隔氫氣或空氣在未運作狀態下進入燃料電池，並且防止供應氫氣之管路長時間暴露在空氣中，以增加燃料電池使用壽命。According to the fuel cell power supply method and the fuel cell power supply device of the present invention, the initial power required by the fuel cell itself is supplied to provide the basic electric energy required for the control loop, and the conventional fuel cell power supply system must be independently configured with a battery or other energy storage function. device. That is, the fuel cell does not require an additional independent battery, and can provide the basic power of the fuel cell to start and operate, and improve the performance of the fuel cell. In addition, according to the fuel cell power supply method and the fuel cell power supply device of the present invention, the first check valve and the second check valve block hydrogen gas or air from entering the fuel cell in an unoperated state, and prevent the pipeline for supplying hydrogen from being exposed for a long time. In the air to increase fuel cell life.
雖然本揭露以前述之實施例揭露如上，然其並非用以限定本揭露。在不脫離本揭露之精神和範圍內，所為之更動與潤飾，均屬本揭露之專利保護範圍。關於本揭露所界定之保護範圍請參考所附之申請專利範圍。Although the disclosure is disclosed above in the foregoing embodiments, it is not intended to limit the disclosure. All changes and refinements are beyond the scope of this disclosure. Please refer to the attached patent application for the scope of protection defined by this disclosure.
10‧‧‧燃料電池供電裝置10‧‧‧ fuel cell power supply unit
11‧‧‧燃料電池11‧‧‧ fuel cell
12‧‧‧燃料源12‧‧‧fuel source
13‧‧‧控制迴路13‧‧‧Control loop
131‧‧‧直流穩壓器131‧‧‧DC voltage regulator
132‧‧‧控制器132‧‧‧ Controller
14‧‧‧工作組件14‧‧‧Working components
141‧‧‧供氣風扇141‧‧‧Air supply fan
142‧‧‧電磁閥142‧‧‧ solenoid valve
151‧‧‧第一逆止閥151‧‧‧First check valve
152‧‧‧調壓閥152‧‧‧pressure regulator
16‧‧‧負載16‧‧‧ load
17‧‧‧第二逆止閥17‧‧‧Second check valve
S101‧‧‧燃料源供給燃料至燃料電池產生初始電能S101‧‧‧The fuel source supplies fuel to the fuel cell to generate initial electrical energy
S102‧‧‧初始電能供應控制迴路基礎電能S102‧‧‧Initial power supply control loop basic energy
S103‧‧‧控制迴路驅動工作組件令外界空氣供給至燃料電池並達到第一狀態S103‧‧‧Control loop drive working component to supply outside air to the fuel cell and reach the first state
S104‧‧‧開啟燃料電池供電裝置進入第二狀態，依照輸出負載需求控制工作組件運作S104‧‧‧Open the fuel cell power supply unit to enter the second state, and control the operation of the working components according to the output load demand
S105‧‧‧燃料電池產生主電能並供應至一負載S105‧‧‧ fuel cell generates main energy and supplies it to a load
第1圖，係為本揭露所揭露之燃料電池裝置的示意圖。Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a fuel cell device disclosed in the present disclosure.
第2圖，係為本揭露所揭露之一種燃料電池供電方法之流程圖。FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a fuel cell power supply method disclosed in the present disclosure.
10‧‧‧燃料電池供電裝置10‧‧‧ fuel cell power supply unit
11‧‧‧燃料電池11‧‧‧ fuel cell
12‧‧‧燃料源12‧‧‧fuel source
13‧‧‧控制迴路13‧‧‧Control loop
131‧‧‧直流穩壓器131‧‧‧DC voltage regulator
132‧‧‧控制器132‧‧‧ Controller
14‧‧‧工作組件14‧‧‧Working components
141‧‧‧供氣風扇141‧‧‧Air supply fan
142‧‧‧電磁閥142‧‧‧ solenoid valve
151‧‧‧第一逆止閥151‧‧‧First check valve
152‧‧‧調壓閥152‧‧‧pressure regulator
16‧‧‧負載16‧‧‧ load
17‧‧‧第二逆止閥17‧‧‧Second check valve
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW101147644A TWI482352B (en) | 2012-12-14 | 2012-12-14 | Power-supplying method of a fuel cell and fuel cell apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW101147644A TWI482352B (en) | 2012-12-14 | 2012-12-14 | Power-supplying method of a fuel cell and fuel cell apparatus |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW201424110A TW201424110A (en) | 2014-06-16 |
| TWI482352B true TWI482352B (en) | 2015-04-21 |
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| TW101147644A TWI482352B (en) | 2012-12-14 | 2012-12-14 | Power-supplying method of a fuel cell and fuel cell apparatus |
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| CN109808550A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-05-28 | 常州港华燃气有限公司 | A kind of power control system of hydrogen fuel cell model car |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW200931705A (en) * | 2008-01-04 | 2009-07-16 | Univ Nat Taiwan | Fuel cell control system and method |
| TW201136015A (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2011-10-16 | Chung Hsin Elec & Mach Mfg | Fuel supply system for fuel cells |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW200931705A (en) * | 2008-01-04 | 2009-07-16 | Univ Nat Taiwan | Fuel cell control system and method |
| TW201136015A (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2011-10-16 | Chung Hsin Elec & Mach Mfg | Fuel supply system for fuel cells |
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| TW201424110A (en) | 2014-06-16 |
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