TWI481922B - Personal digital assistant - Google Patents
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本發明涉及一種個人數位助理，尤其涉及一種基於奈米碳管的觸摸式個人數位助理。 The invention relates to a personal digital assistant, in particular to a carbon nanotube-based touch personal digital assistant.
近年來，伴隨著移動電話與觸摸導航系統等各種電子設備的高性能化和多樣化的發展，在液晶等顯示元件的前面安裝透光性的觸摸屏的電子設備逐步增加。這樣的電子設備的使用者通過觸摸屏，一邊對位於觸摸屏背面的顯示元件的顯示內容進行視覺確認，一邊利用手指或筆等方式按壓觸摸屏來進行操作。由此，可以操作電子設備的各種功能。 In recent years, with the development of high performance and diversification of various electronic devices such as mobile phones and touch navigation systems, electronic devices in which a translucent touch panel is mounted on the front surface of a display element such as a liquid crystal are gradually increasing. The user of such an electronic device visually confirms the display content of the display element located on the back surface of the touch panel by the touch panel, and presses the touch panel to operate by a finger or a pen. Thereby, various functions of the electronic device can be operated.
通常，個人數位助理(Personal Digital Assistant，PDA)作為便携式電子設備，組合了收集、存儲、處理和交換信息的功能。先前的PDA一般為觸摸式PDA，且根據其具體的應用會有不同的組成。一般地，所述PDA包括一本體、一設置於本體表面的顯示屏及一設置於本體表面的輸入設備，如一觸摸屏。 Typically, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), as a portable electronic device, combines the functions of collecting, storing, processing, and exchanging information. Previous PDAs were typically touch PDAs and would have different compositions depending on their specific application. Generally, the PDA includes a body, a display screen disposed on the surface of the body, and an input device disposed on the surface of the body, such as a touch screen.
作為PDA的主要輸入設備，先前技術中的觸摸屏按其工作原理和傳輸介質的不同，通常分為四種類型，分別為電阻式、電容感應式、紅外線式以及表面聲波式。其中電阻式觸摸屏及電容式觸摸屏由於其具有高分辨率、高靈敏度及耐用性等優點，被廣泛應用在PDA中。 As the main input device of the PDA, the touch screen of the prior art is generally divided into four types according to the working principle and the transmission medium, which are respectively resistive, capacitive inductive, infrared, and surface acoustic wave. Resistive touch screens and capacitive touch screens are widely used in PDAs due to their high resolution, high sensitivity and durability.
然而，先前技術中的電容式和電阻式觸摸屏通常包括一個作為透明導電層的銦錫氧化物層(ITO層)，其採用離子束濺射或濺鍍等工藝製備，Kazuhiro Noda等在文獻Production of Transparent Conductive Films with Inserted SiO2 Anchor Layer,and Application to a Resistive Touch Panel(Electronics and Communications in Japan,Part 2,Vol.84,P39-45(2001))中介紹了一種採用ITO/SiO2/PET層的觸摸屏。該ITO層在製備的過程，需要較高的真空環境及需要加熱到200~300℃，因此，使得ITO層的製備成本較高。此外，先前技術中的ITO層作為透明導電層具有機械性能不够好、難以彎曲及阻值分佈不均勻等缺點。另外，ITO在潮濕的空氣中透明度會逐漸下降。從而導致先前的觸摸屏及使用該觸摸屏的PDA存在耐用性不够好，靈敏度低、線性及準確性較差等缺點。 However, the capacitive and resistive touch screens of the prior art typically include an indium tin oxide layer (ITO layer) as a transparent conductive layer, which is prepared by ion beam sputtering or sputtering, Kazuhiro Noda et al. in the catalog of Production of Transparent Conductive Films with Inserted SiO2 Anchor Layer, and Application to a Resistive Touch Panel (Electronics and Communications in Japan, Part 2, Vol. 84, P39-45 (2001)) describes an ITO/SiO 2 /PET layer. touch screen. In the preparation process, the ITO layer requires a high vacuum environment and needs to be heated to 200 to 300 ° C, thus making the preparation cost of the ITO layer relatively high. In addition, the ITO layer in the prior art has disadvantages such as insufficient mechanical properties, difficulty in bending, and uneven distribution of resistance values as a transparent conductive layer. In addition, ITO will gradually decrease in transparency in humid air. As a result, the previous touch screen and the PDA using the touch screen have disadvantages such as insufficient durability, low sensitivity, linearity and poor accuracy.
有鑒於此，提供一種採用耐用性好、靈敏度高、線性及準確性强的觸摸屏的PDA實為必要。 In view of this, it is necessary to provide a PDA that is durable, sensitive, linear, and accurate.
一種個人數位助理，包括：一本體，該本體設置有一顯示屏；以及一觸摸屏，該觸摸屏設置於所述顯示屏表面，該觸摸屏包括至少一透明導電層；其中，所述觸摸屏中的透明導電層為一奈米碳管層。 A personal digital assistant includes: a body, the body is provided with a display screen; and a touch screen disposed on the display screen surface, the touch screen includes at least one transparent conductive layer; wherein the transparent conductive layer in the touch screen It is a carbon nanotube layer.
相較於先前技術，本技術方案提供的採用奈米碳管層作為透明導電層的個人數位助理具有以下優點：其一，由於奈米碳管層在潮濕的條件下具有良好的透明度，故採用奈米碳管層作為觸摸屏的透明導電層，可以使應用該觸摸屏的個人數位助理具有較好的透 明度；其二，由於奈米碳管具有優異的力學性能，則由奈米碳管組成的奈米碳管層具有較好的韌性及機械强度，故採用該奈米碳管層作為觸摸屏的透明導電層，可以相應的提高觸摸屏的耐用性，進而提高使用該觸摸屏的個人數位助理的耐用性；其三，由於奈米碳管具有優異的導電性能，則由奈米碳管組成的奈米碳管層具有均勻的阻值分佈，因而，採用上述奈米碳管層作透明導電層，可以相應的提高觸摸屏的分辨率和精確度，進而提高應用該觸摸屏的個人數位助理的分辨率和精確度。 Compared with the prior art, the personal digital assistant using the carbon nanotube layer as the transparent conductive layer provided by the technical solution has the following advantages: First, since the carbon nanotube layer has good transparency under humid conditions, The carbon nanotube layer acts as a transparent conductive layer of the touch screen, which can make the personal digital assistant applying the touch screen have better penetration. Brightness; Second, because of the excellent mechanical properties of the carbon nanotubes, the carbon nanotube layer composed of carbon nanotubes has good toughness and mechanical strength, so the carbon nanotube layer is used as a transparent conductive layer of the touch screen. The layer can correspondingly improve the durability of the touch screen, thereby improving the durability of the personal digital assistant using the touch screen; and third, the carbon nanotube layer composed of the carbon nanotubes due to the excellent electrical conductivity of the carbon nanotubes With a uniform resistance distribution, the use of the above carbon nanotube layer as a transparent conductive layer can correspondingly improve the resolution and accuracy of the touch screen, thereby improving the resolution and accuracy of the personal digital assistant applying the touch screen.
10,20‧‧‧觸摸屏 10,20‧‧‧ touch screen
12‧‧‧第一電極板 12‧‧‧First electrode plate
14‧‧‧第二電極板 14‧‧‧Second electrode plate
16‧‧‧點狀隔離物 16‧‧‧ point spacers
18‧‧‧絕緣層 18‧‧‧Insulation
22‧‧‧基體 22‧‧‧ base
24‧‧‧透明導電層 24‧‧‧Transparent conductive layer
26,126‧‧‧透明保護膜 26,126‧‧‧Transparent protective film
28‧‧‧電極 28‧‧‧Electrode
100,200‧‧‧個人數位助理 100,200‧‧‧person digital assistant
102‧‧‧本體 102‧‧‧Ontology
104,204‧‧‧顯示屏 104,204‧‧‧Display
120‧‧‧第一基體 120‧‧‧First substrate
122‧‧‧第一導電層 122‧‧‧First conductive layer
124‧‧‧第一電極 124‧‧‧First electrode
140‧‧‧第二基體 140‧‧‧Second substrate
142‧‧‧第二導電層 142‧‧‧Second conductive layer
144‧‧‧第二電極 144‧‧‧second electrode
150,250‧‧‧控制單元 150,250‧‧‧Control unit
160,260‧‧‧中央處理器 160,260‧‧‧ central processor
170,270‧‧‧存儲單元 170,270‧‧‧ storage unit
180‧‧‧觸摸物 180‧‧‧ touching objects
182‧‧‧按壓處 182‧‧‧ Press
221‧‧‧第一表面 221‧‧‧ first surface
222‧‧‧第二表面 222‧‧‧ second surface
圖1係本技術方案實施例個人數位助理的結構示意圖。 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a personal digital assistant in an embodiment of the present technical solution.
圖2係本技術方案實施例個人數位助理的控制方框圖。 2 is a control block diagram of a personal digital assistant in an embodiment of the present technical solution.
圖3係本技術方案第一實施例個人數位助理中的觸摸屏的立體結構示意圖。 FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective structural view of a touch screen in a personal digital assistant according to a first embodiment of the present technical solution.
圖4係本技術方案第一實施例個人數位助理中的觸摸屏的側視結構示意圖。 FIG. 4 is a schematic side view showing the structure of a touch screen in the personal digital assistant of the first embodiment of the present technical solution.
圖5係本技術方案第一實施例個人數位助理中奈米碳管膜的掃描電鏡照片。 Figure 5 is a scanning electron micrograph of a carbon nanotube film in a personal digital assistant of the first embodiment of the present technical solution.
圖6係本技術方案第一實施例個人數位助理中觸摸屏的工作示意圖。 FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the touch screen in the personal digital assistant of the first embodiment of the present technical solution.
圖7係本技術方案第二實施例個人數位助理中的觸摸屏的頂視圖。 Figure 7 is a top plan view of the touch screen in the personal digital assistant of the second embodiment of the present technical solution.
圖8係圖7所示觸摸屏沿Ⅷ-Ⅷ的剖視圖。 Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the touch screen of Figure 7 taken along line VIII-VIII.
圖9係本技術方案第二實施例個人數位助理中觸摸屏的工作示意圖。 FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the touch screen in the personal digital assistant of the second embodiment of the present technical solution.
以下將結合附圖詳細說明本技術方案實施例提供的個人數位助理。 The personal digital assistant provided by the embodiment of the technical solution will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
請參閱圖1，本技術方案第一實施例提供一種個人數位助理100，其包括：一本體102以及一觸摸屏10。該本體102設置有一顯示屏104。所述觸摸屏10設置於該顯示屏104表面。 Referring to FIG. 1 , a first embodiment of the present invention provides a personal digital assistant 100 , which includes a body 102 and a touch screen 10 . The body 102 is provided with a display screen 104. The touch screen 10 is disposed on a surface of the display screen 104.
所述本體102進一步包括一殼體、一中央處理器、一存儲單元及一控制單元。該中央處理器、存儲單元、控制單元及顯示屏104均設置於殼體內部。所述中央處理器、存儲單元及控制單元可以集成設置於一集成電路板上。請參見圖2，所述存儲單元170及控制單元150分別通過集成電路板上的導線與所述中央處理器160電連接。所述顯示屏104及觸摸屏10分別與所述控制單元150電連接。所述控制單元150一般包括一觸摸屏控制器、一顯示屏控制器及多個功能控制器，分別控制觸摸屏10、顯示屏104及各種功能，如記事薄、辭典、通訊及遙控等所對應的功能控制器的工作。所述存儲單元170用於存儲中央處理器160的控制操作所需的數據及操作結果。所述存儲單元170可進一步包括一只讀存儲器，一隨機存取存儲器，及一可抹除可編程存儲器。所述只讀存儲器用於儲存系統軟件的一些不會更動的資料。所述隨機存取存儲器用於儲存對使用者所輸入的資料進行處理後所獲得的資料。所述個人數位助理100可進一步通過所述可抹除可編程存儲器與一電腦進行數據交換。當需要將所述個人數位助理100中的信息輸入電 腦時，可通過中央處理器讀取可抹除可編程存儲器中所儲存的系統軟件，以處理相應的信息並傳送至電腦。當需要通過電腦向個人數位助理100輸入信息，可通過中央處理器讀取可抹除可編程存儲器中所儲存的系統軟件，以處理輸入的信息，並傳送至顯示屏及/或隨機存取存儲器中。 The body 102 further includes a housing, a central processing unit, a storage unit, and a control unit. The central processing unit, the storage unit, the control unit, and the display screen 104 are all disposed inside the casing. The central processing unit, the storage unit and the control unit can be integrally disposed on an integrated circuit board. Referring to FIG. 2, the storage unit 170 and the control unit 150 are electrically connected to the central processing unit 160 through wires on the integrated circuit board, respectively. The display screen 104 and the touch screen 10 are electrically connected to the control unit 150, respectively. The control unit 150 generally includes a touch screen controller, a display controller, and a plurality of function controllers, respectively controlling the touch screen 10, the display screen 104, and various functions, such as a notepad, a dictionary, a communication, and a remote control. The controller works. The storage unit 170 is configured to store data and operation results required for the control operation of the central processing unit 160. The storage unit 170 can further include a read only memory, a random access memory, and an erasable programmable memory. The read only memory is used to store some of the system software that does not change. The random access memory is configured to store data obtained after processing data input by a user. The personal digital assistant 100 can further exchange data with a computer via the erasable programmable memory. When it is necessary to input information in the personal digital assistant 100 In the brain, the system software stored in the programmable memory can be read by the central processing unit to process the corresponding information and transmit it to the computer. When it is necessary to input information to the personal digital assistant 100 through the computer, the system software stored in the erasable programmable memory can be read by the central processing unit to process the input information and transmit it to the display screen and/or the random access memory. in.
所述顯示屏104為液晶顯示屏、場發射顯示屏、電漿顯示屏、電致發光顯示屏及真空螢光顯示屏中的一種。該顯示屏104用於顯示本體102輸出的數據和圖像。優選地，所述的顯示屏104為一液晶顯示屏。 The display screen 104 is one of a liquid crystal display, a field emission display, a plasma display, an electroluminescence display, and a vacuum fluorescent display. The display screen 104 is used to display data and images output by the body 102. Preferably, the display screen 104 is a liquid crystal display.
所述觸摸屏10可以與所述顯示屏104間隔一預定距離設置，也可與所述顯示屏104集成設置。具體地，當所述觸摸屏10與所述顯示屏104集成設置時，所述觸摸屏10可通過黏結劑直接設置在顯示屏104表面或所述觸摸屏10可與所述顯示屏104共用基板設置。所述觸摸屏10具有輸入信號的功能，用戶可用手指或觸摸筆等在觸摸屏10上通過觸摸或按壓將信號輸入給本體102。 The touch screen 10 may be disposed at a predetermined distance from the display screen 104 or may be integrated with the display screen 104. Specifically, when the touch screen 10 is integrated with the display screen 104, the touch screen 10 may be directly disposed on the surface of the display screen 104 by an adhesive or the touch screen 10 may share a substrate arrangement with the display screen 104. The touch screen 10 has a function of inputting a signal, and a user can input a signal to the body 102 by touch or pressing on the touch screen 10 with a finger or a touch pen or the like.
具體地，所述觸摸屏10的面積可與顯示屏104的面積相同。可以理解，根據使用需求，在顯示屏104上可顯示一屏幕鍵盤，從而可通過對觸摸屏10的觸摸達到按鍵效果。本技術方案實施例中，所述觸摸屏10與所述顯示屏104共用基板集成設置。所述觸摸屏10可以為電阻式或電容式觸摸屏10。 Specifically, the area of the touch screen 10 may be the same as the area of the display screen 104. It can be understood that an on-screen keyboard can be displayed on the display screen 104 according to the use requirement, so that the button effect can be achieved by touching the touch screen 10. In the embodiment of the technical solution, the touch screen 10 and the display screen 104 share a substrate integrated arrangement. The touch screen 10 can be a resistive or capacitive touch screen 10.
請參閱圖3及圖4，本技術方案第一實施例的個人數位助理100中的觸摸屏10為一電阻式觸摸屏10，該電阻式觸摸屏10包括一第一電極板12，一第二電極板14以及設置在第一電極板12與第二電極板14之間的多個透明的點狀隔離物16。 Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the touch screen 10 in the personal digital assistant 100 of the first embodiment of the present invention is a resistive touch screen 10 , and the resistive touch screen 10 includes a first electrode plate 12 and a second electrode plate 14 . And a plurality of transparent dot spacers 16 disposed between the first electrode plate 12 and the second electrode plate 14.
該電阻式觸摸屏10的第一電極板12包括一第一基體120，一第一導電層122以及兩個第一電極124。該第一基體120為平面結構，其具有一第一表面。該第一導電層122與兩個第一電極124均設置在第一基體120的第一表面。兩個第一電極124分別設置在第一導電層122沿第一方向的兩端並與第一導電層122電連接。所述第一方向為X坐標方向。該觸摸屏10的第二電極板14包括一第二基體140，一第二導電層142以及兩個第二電極144。所述第二基體140為平面結構，且具有一第二表面。該第二基體140的第二表面與第一基體120的第一表面相對設置。該第二導電層142與兩個第二電極144均設置在所述第二基體的140第二表面。兩個第二電極144分別設置在第二導電層142沿第二方向的兩端並與第二導電層142電連接。所述第二方向為Y坐標方向。該X坐標方向垂直於Y坐標方向，即兩個第一電極124與兩個第二電極144正交設置。 The first electrode plate 12 of the resistive touch panel 10 includes a first substrate 120, a first conductive layer 122 and two first electrodes 124. The first substrate 120 is a planar structure having a first surface. The first conductive layer 122 and the two first electrodes 124 are both disposed on the first surface of the first substrate 120. The two first electrodes 124 are respectively disposed at both ends of the first conductive layer 122 in the first direction and are electrically connected to the first conductive layer 122. The first direction is an X coordinate direction. The second electrode plate 14 of the touch screen 10 includes a second substrate 140, a second conductive layer 142 and two second electrodes 144. The second substrate 140 has a planar structure and has a second surface. The second surface of the second substrate 140 is disposed opposite to the first surface of the first substrate 120. The second conductive layer 142 and the two second electrodes 144 are both disposed on the second surface of the second substrate 140. The two second electrodes 144 are respectively disposed at both ends of the second conductive layer 142 in the second direction and are electrically connected to the second conductive layer 142. The second direction is a Y coordinate direction. The X coordinate direction is perpendicular to the Y coordinate direction, that is, the two first electrodes 124 are orthogonal to the two second electrodes 144.
其中，該第一基體120為透明的且具有一定柔軟度的薄膜或薄板。該第二基體140為透明基板。該第二基體140的材料可選擇為玻璃、石英、金剛石等硬性材料或塑料及樹脂等柔性材料。所述第二基體140主要起支撑的作用。該第一電極124與該第二電極144的材料為金屬、奈米碳管膜或其他導電材料，只要確保導電性即可。本實施例中，該第一基體120材料為聚酯膜，該第二基體140為玻璃基板；該第一電極124與第二電極144為奈米碳管膜，該奈米碳管膜的寬度均為1微米~5毫米。 Wherein, the first substrate 120 is a film or sheet which is transparent and has a certain degree of softness. The second substrate 140 is a transparent substrate. The material of the second substrate 140 may be selected from a hard material such as glass, quartz or diamond, or a flexible material such as plastic or resin. The second substrate 140 serves mainly as a support. The material of the first electrode 124 and the second electrode 144 is a metal, a carbon nanotube film or other conductive material as long as conductivity is ensured. In this embodiment, the first substrate 120 is a polyester film, and the second substrate 140 is a glass substrate; the first electrode 124 and the second electrode 144 are carbon nanotube films, and the width of the carbon nanotube film is Both are 1 micron to 5 mm.
進一步地，該第二電極板14遠離顯示屏104的表面的外圍設置有一絕緣層18。上述的第一電極板12設置在該絕緣層18上，且該第一電極板12的第一導電層122正對第二電極板14的第二導電層142 設置。上述多個透明點狀隔離物16設置在第二電極板14的第二導電層142上，且該多個透明點狀隔離物16彼此間隔設置。第一電極板12與第二電極板14之間的距離為2~100微米。該絕緣層18與點狀隔離物16均可採用絕緣透明樹脂或其他絕緣透明材料製成。設置絕緣層18與點狀隔離物16可使得第一電極板14與第二電極板12電絕緣。可以理解，當電阻式觸摸屏10尺寸較小時，點狀隔離物16為可選擇的結構，只需確保第一電極板14與第二電極板12電絕緣即可。 Further, an insulating layer 18 is disposed on a periphery of the surface of the second electrode plate 14 away from the display screen 104. The first electrode plate 12 is disposed on the insulating layer 18, and the first conductive layer 122 of the first electrode plate 12 faces the second conductive layer 142 of the second electrode plate 14. Settings. The plurality of transparent dot spacers 16 are disposed on the second conductive layer 142 of the second electrode plate 14, and the plurality of transparent dot spacers 16 are spaced apart from each other. The distance between the first electrode plate 12 and the second electrode plate 14 is 2 to 100 μm. Both the insulating layer 18 and the dot spacer 16 may be made of an insulating transparent resin or other insulating transparent material. Providing the insulating layer 18 and the dot spacers 16 may electrically insulate the first electrode plate 14 from the second electrode plate 12. It can be understood that when the resistive touch screen 10 is small in size, the dot spacer 16 is an optional structure, and it is only necessary to ensure that the first electrode plate 14 is electrically insulated from the second electrode plate 12.
另外，該第一電極板12遠離第二電極板14的表面可設置一透明保護膜126。所述透明保護膜126可以通過黏結劑直接黏結在第一基體120遠離顯示屏104的表面，也可採用熱壓法，與第一電極板壓合在一起。該透明保護膜126可採用一層表面硬化處理、光滑防刮的塑料層或樹脂層，該樹脂層可由苯丙環丁烯(BCB)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、聚酯、以及丙烯酸樹脂等材料形成。本實施例中，形成該透明保護膜126的材料為聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)，用於保護第一電極板12，提高耐用性。該透明保護膜126經特殊工藝處理後，可用以提供一些附加功能，如可以减少眩光或降低反射。 In addition, a transparent protective film 126 may be disposed on the surface of the first electrode plate 12 away from the second electrode plate 14. The transparent protective film 126 may be directly bonded to the surface of the first substrate 120 away from the display screen 104 by a bonding agent, or may be pressed together with the first electrode plate by a hot pressing method. The transparent protective film 126 may be a surface hardened, smooth scratch-resistant plastic layer or resin layer, which may be composed of phenylcyclobutene (BCB), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyester, and acrylic acid. A material such as a resin is formed. In this embodiment, the material for forming the transparent protective film 126 is polyethylene terephthalate (PET) for protecting the first electrode plate 12, thereby improving durability. The transparent protective film 126 can be used in a special process to provide additional functions such as reducing glare or reducing reflection.
所述第一導電層122與第二導電層142中的至少一個導電層包括一奈米碳管層，該奈米碳管層包括多個均勻分佈的奈米碳管，且上述的奈米碳管無序排列或有序排列。所述無序排列的奈米碳管通過凡德瓦爾力相互纏繞、相互吸引且平行於奈米碳管層的表面。所述有序排列的奈米碳管沿一個方向或多個方向擇優取向排列。 At least one of the first conductive layer 122 and the second conductive layer 142 includes a carbon nanotube layer including a plurality of uniformly distributed carbon nanotubes, and the nanocarbon described above The tubes are arranged in an orderly or ordered order. The disordered array of carbon nanotubes are intertwined by Van der Waals forces, attract each other and are parallel to the surface of the carbon nanotube layer. The ordered array of carbon nanotubes are arranged in a preferred orientation in one direction or in multiple directions.
不同結構的奈米碳管層可由不同的方法製備。所述有序排列的奈 米碳管形成的奈米碳管層可由直接拉伸一奈米碳管陣列獲得的有序奈米碳管膜組成。該有序奈米碳管膜中的奈米碳管首尾相連且沿拉伸方向擇優取向排列，且相鄰的奈米碳管之間通過凡德瓦爾力緊密結合。所述有序奈米碳管膜進一步包括多個首尾相連的奈米碳管片段，每個奈米碳管片段具有大致相等的長度且每個奈米碳管片段由多個相互平行的奈米碳管構成，奈米碳管片段兩端通過凡德瓦爾力相互連接。所述奈米碳管膜的厚度為0.5奈米~100微米，寬度為0.01厘米~10厘米。所述奈米碳管層可進一步包括至少兩個重叠設置的有序奈米碳管膜，相鄰的兩個有序奈米碳管膜中的奈米碳管具有一交叉角度α，且0度≦α≦90度。所述有序排列的奈米碳管形成的奈米碳管層也可通過碾壓一奈米碳管陣列獲得。所述碾壓一奈米碳管陣列獲得的奈米碳管層中的奈米碳管沿一個方向或多個方向擇優取向排列。所述無序排列的奈米碳管形成的無序奈米碳管層可通過絮化處理一奈米碳管原料而獲得。該無序奈米碳管層中的奈米碳管通過凡德瓦爾力相互纏繞、吸引且平行於奈米碳管層的表面。 Different configurations of carbon nanotube layers can be prepared by different methods. Orderly arrangement of nai The carbon nanotube layer formed by the carbon nanotubes can be composed of an ordered carbon nanotube film obtained by directly stretching a carbon nanotube array. The carbon nanotubes in the ordered carbon nanotube film are connected end to end and arranged in a preferred orientation along the stretching direction, and the adjacent carbon nanotubes are tightly bonded by van der Waals force. The ordered carbon nanotube film further comprises a plurality of end-to-end carbon nanotube segments, each of the carbon nanotube segments having substantially equal lengths and each of the carbon nanotube segments being composed of a plurality of mutually parallel nanometers The carbon tube is formed, and the carbon nanotube segments are connected to each other by Van der Waals force. The carbon nanotube film has a thickness of 0.5 nm to 100 μm and a width of 0.01 cm to 10 cm. The carbon nanotube layer may further comprise at least two ordered carbon nanotube membranes arranged in an overlapping manner, wherein the carbon nanotubes in the adjacent two ordered carbon nanotube membranes have an intersection angle α, and Degree ≦α≦90 degrees. The carbon nanotube layer formed by the ordered carbon nanotubes can also be obtained by rolling an array of carbon nanotubes. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube layer obtained by rolling the carbon nanotube array are arranged in a preferred orientation in one direction or in multiple directions. The disordered carbon nanotube layer formed by the disordered arrangement of carbon nanotubes can be obtained by flocculation treatment of a carbon nanotube raw material. The carbon nanotubes in the disordered carbon nanotube layer are intertwined, attracted and parallel to the surface of the carbon nanotube layer by van der Waals forces.
所述奈米碳管層中的奈米碳管包括單壁奈米碳管、雙壁奈米碳管和多壁奈米碳管中的一種或多種。所述單壁奈米碳管的直徑為0.5奈米~50奈米，雙壁奈米碳管的直徑為1奈米~50奈米，多壁奈米碳管的直徑為1.5奈米~50奈米。 The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube layer include one or more of a single-walled carbon nanotube, a double-walled carbon nanotube, and a multi-walled carbon nanotube. The single-walled carbon nanotube has a diameter of 0.5 nm to 50 nm, the double-walled carbon nanotube has a diameter of 1 nm to 50 nm, and the multi-walled carbon nanotube has a diameter of 1.5 nm to 50 nm. Nano.
請參閱圖5，本技術方案實施例中，所述第一導電層122與第二導電層142均包括一奈米碳管層，所述奈米碳管層為一有序奈米碳管膜，該奈米碳管膜中的奈米碳管首尾相連且沿拉伸方向擇優取向排列。所述奈米碳管層為重叠設置的多層有序奈米碳管膜，每 層奈米碳管膜中的奈米碳管沿同一方向擇優取向排列。所述奈米碳管膜進一步包括多個首尾相連的奈米碳管片段，每個奈米碳管片段具有大致相等的長度且每個奈米碳管片段由多個相互平行的奈米碳管構成，奈米碳管片段兩端通過凡德瓦爾力相互連接。具體的，所述第一導電層122中的多層奈米碳管膜均沿第一方向重叠設置，第二導電層142中的多層奈米碳管膜均沿第二方向重叠設置。所述奈米碳管膜的厚度為0.5奈米~100微米，寬度為0.01厘米~10厘米。 Referring to FIG. 5, in the embodiment of the technical solution, the first conductive layer 122 and the second conductive layer 142 each include a carbon nanotube layer, and the carbon nanotube layer is an ordered carbon nanotube film. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film are connected end to end and arranged in a preferred orientation along the stretching direction. The carbon nanotube layer is a multi-layered ordered carbon nanotube film which is arranged in an overlapping manner, and each The carbon nanotubes in the layer of carbon nanotube film are arranged in a preferred orientation along the same direction. The carbon nanotube film further includes a plurality of end-to-end carbon nanotube segments, each of the carbon nanotube segments having substantially equal lengths and each of the carbon nanotube segments being composed of a plurality of mutually parallel carbon nanotubes In the composition, the carbon nanotube segments are connected to each other by Van der Waals force. Specifically, the plurality of layers of the carbon nanotube film in the first conductive layer 122 are overlapped in the first direction, and the plurality of layers of the carbon nanotube film in the second conductive layer 142 are overlapped in the second direction. The carbon nanotube film has a thickness of 0.5 nm to 100 μm and a width of 0.01 cm to 10 cm.
將所述觸摸屏10與顯示屏104集成設置時，為進一步减小由顯示設備產生的電磁干擾，避免從觸摸屏10發出的信號產生錯誤，還可在觸摸屏的下表面上設置一屏蔽層(圖未示)。該屏蔽層可由銦錫氧化物(ITO)、銻錫氧化物(ATO)或奈米碳管膜等導電材料形成。作為屏蔽層的奈米碳管膜中的奈米碳管的排列方式不限，可為定向排列也可為其它的排列方式。本實施例中，該屏蔽層採用奈米碳管膜，其中的奈米碳管定向排列。該奈米碳管膜作為電接地點，起到屏蔽的作用，從而使得觸摸屏10能在無干擾的環境中工作。 When the touch screen 10 is integrated with the display screen 104, in order to further reduce electromagnetic interference generated by the display device, to avoid errors in signals emitted from the touch screen 10, a shielding layer may be disposed on the lower surface of the touch screen (not shown). Show). The shielding layer may be formed of a conductive material such as indium tin oxide (ITO), antimony tin oxide (ATO) or a carbon nanotube film. The arrangement of the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film as the shielding layer is not limited, and may be an alignment or other arrangement. In this embodiment, the shielding layer is a carbon nanotube film in which the carbon nanotubes are aligned. The carbon nanotube film acts as an electrical grounding point and acts as a shield, thereby enabling the touch screen 10 to operate in an interference-free environment.
進一步地，為確保所述顯示屏104不致於由於外力過大而損壞，可以在所述的顯示屏104與觸摸屏10之間設置一鈍化層(圖未示)。該鈍化層可由氮化矽、氧化矽等材料形成。 Further, in order to ensure that the display screen 104 is not damaged due to excessive external force, a passivation layer (not shown) may be disposed between the display screen 104 and the touch screen 10. The passivation layer may be formed of a material such as tantalum nitride or hafnium oxide.
以下將具體介紹本實施例所述的個人數位助理100通過電阻式觸摸屏10的觸摸進行顯示的具體過程。 The specific process of displaying the personal digital assistant 100 of the present embodiment through the touch of the resistive touch screen 10 will be specifically described below.
請參閱圖6，使用時，個人數位助理100的控制單元150在第一電極板12之間與第二電極板14之間分時施加5V電壓。使用者一邊視 覺確認在觸摸屏10下面設置的顯示屏104的顯示，一邊通過觸摸物180如手指或筆按壓觸摸屏10第一電極板12進行操作。第一電極板12中第一基體120發生彎曲，使得按壓處182的第一導電層122與第二電極板14的第二導電層142接觸形成導通。個人數位助理100的控制單元150中的觸摸屏控制器分別測量第一導電層122在X坐標方向上的電壓變化與第二導電層142在Y坐標方向上的電壓變化，並進行精確計算，將它們轉換成觸點坐標，並將該數字化的觸點坐標傳遞給中央處理器160。中央處理器160將該觸點坐標對應的操作命令從個人數位助理100的存儲器170中調出並傳遞給相應的控制單元150中的功能控制器，且控制所述功能控制器的處理操作，通過所述顯示屏104顯示所述功能控制器的處理結果。所述功能控制器根據操作命令控制顯示屏104的顯示。 Referring to FIG. 6, in use, the control unit 150 of the personal digital assistant 100 applies a voltage of 5 V in a time-sharing between the first electrode plates 12 and the second electrode plates 14. User side view It is confirmed that the display of the display screen 104 provided under the touch screen 10 is operated while pressing the first electrode plate 12 of the touch panel 10 by a touch object 180 such as a finger or a pen. The first substrate 120 in the first electrode plate 12 is bent such that the first conductive layer 122 of the pressing portion 182 is in contact with the second conductive layer 142 of the second electrode plate 14 to form a conduction. The touch screen controller in the control unit 150 of the personal digital assistant 100 measures the voltage change of the first conductive layer 122 in the X coordinate direction and the voltage change of the second conductive layer 142 in the Y coordinate direction, respectively, and performs accurate calculations, and Converted to contact coordinates and communicate the digitized contact coordinates to central processor 160. The central processing unit 160 calls the operation command corresponding to the contact coordinate from the memory 170 of the personal digital assistant 100 and transmits it to the function controller in the corresponding control unit 150, and controls the processing operation of the function controller to pass The display screen 104 displays the processing results of the function controller. The function controller controls display of the display screen 104 in accordance with operational commands.
請一並參閱圖7至圖9，本技術方案第二實施例提供一種個人數位助理200，具體包括一本體202及一觸摸屏20。該本體202上設置有一顯示屏204。所述觸摸屏20設置於該顯示屏204表面。 Referring to FIG. 7 to FIG. 9 , the second embodiment of the present invention provides a personal digital assistant 200 , which specifically includes a body 202 and a touch screen 20 . A display screen 204 is disposed on the body 202. The touch screen 20 is disposed on a surface of the display screen 204.
本技術方案第二實施例個人數位助理200的結構與第一實施例個人數位助理100的結構相似，其區別在於，該觸摸屏20為一電容式觸摸屏20。該觸摸屏20進一步包括一基體22、一透明導電層24、至少兩個電極28及一透明保護膜26。該基板22靠近顯示屏204設置。所述基體22具有一第一表面221以及與第一表面221相對的第二表面222。透明導電層24設置在基體22的第一表面221，該第一表面221為遠離顯示屏的一表面；上述至少兩個電極28分別設置在透明導電層24的每個角處或邊上，且與透明導電層24形成電連接，用以在透明導電層24上形成等電位面。透明保護膜26可直 接設置在透明導電層24以及電極28上。 The structure of the personal digital assistant 200 of the second embodiment of the present technical solution is similar to that of the personal digital assistant 100 of the first embodiment, except that the touch screen 20 is a capacitive touch screen 20. The touch screen 20 further includes a substrate 22, a transparent conductive layer 24, at least two electrodes 28, and a transparent protective film 26. The substrate 22 is disposed adjacent to the display screen 204. The base 22 has a first surface 221 and a second surface 222 opposite the first surface 221 . The transparent conductive layer 24 is disposed on the first surface 221 of the substrate 22, the first surface 221 is a surface away from the display screen; the at least two electrodes 28 are respectively disposed at each corner or side of the transparent conductive layer 24, and An electrical connection is formed with the transparent conductive layer 24 to form an equipotential surface on the transparent conductive layer 24. Transparent protective film 26 can be straight It is disposed on the transparent conductive layer 24 and the electrode 28.
具體地，可以採用四個電極28分別設置於透明導電層24的四個角或四條邊上，用以在上述的透明導電層24上形成均勻的電阻網絡。在本實施例中，四個帶狀電極28間隔設置在上述的透明導電層24同一表面的四個邊上。可以理解，上述的電極28也可以設置在透明導電層24的不同表面上，其關鍵在於上述電極28的設置能使得在透明導電層24上形成等電位面即可。本實施例中，所述電極28設置在透明導電層24的遠離基體22的一個表面上。 Specifically, four electrodes 28 may be respectively disposed on the four corners or four sides of the transparent conductive layer 24 to form a uniform resistance network on the transparent conductive layer 24 described above. In the present embodiment, four strip electrodes 28 are spaced apart from the four sides of the same surface of the transparent conductive layer 24 described above. It can be understood that the above-mentioned electrodes 28 can also be disposed on different surfaces of the transparent conductive layer 24. The key point is that the electrodes 28 are disposed such that an equipotential surface is formed on the transparent conductive layer 24. In this embodiment, the electrode 28 is disposed on a surface of the transparent conductive layer 24 away from the substrate 22.
可以理解，所述的四個電極28亦可設置於透明導電層24與基體22之間，且與透明導電層24電連接。 It can be understood that the four electrodes 28 can also be disposed between the transparent conductive layer 24 and the substrate 22 and electrically connected to the transparent conductive layer 24.
所述基體22為一曲面型或平面型的結構。該基體22由玻璃、石英、金剛石或塑料等硬性材料或柔性材料形成。所述基體22主要起支撑的作用。 The base 22 is a curved or planar structure. The base 22 is formed of a hard material such as glass, quartz, diamond or plastic or a flexible material. The base 22 serves primarily as a support.
所述透明導電層24包括一奈米碳管層，該奈米碳管層包括多個均勻分佈的奈米碳管，且上述的奈米碳管無序排列或有序排列。具體地，所述奈米碳管層的結構可以與第一實施例中第一導電層122或第二導電層142中的奈米碳管層結構相同。 The transparent conductive layer 24 includes a carbon nanotube layer including a plurality of uniformly distributed carbon nanotubes, and the above-mentioned carbon nanotubes are randomly arranged or ordered. Specifically, the structure of the carbon nanotube layer may be the same as the structure of the carbon nanotube layer in the first conductive layer 122 or the second conductive layer 142 in the first embodiment.
所述四個電極28的材料為金屬、奈米碳管膜或其他導電材料，只要確保導電性即可。本實施例中，所述四個電極28為由銀或銅等低電阻的導電金屬鍍層或者金屬箔片組成的條狀電極28。 The material of the four electrodes 28 is a metal, a carbon nanotube film or other conductive material as long as conductivity is ensured. In this embodiment, the four electrodes 28 are strip electrodes 28 composed of a low-resistance conductive metal plating such as silver or copper or a metal foil.
進一步地，為了延長透明導電層24的使用壽命和限制耦合在接觸點與透明導電層24之間的電容，可以在透明導電層24和電極28遠離基體22的表面設置一透明的透明保護膜26，透明保護膜26可由 氮化矽、氧化矽、苯丙環丁烯(BCB)、聚酯膜或丙烯酸樹脂等形成。該透明保護膜26具有一定的硬度，對透明導電層24起保護作用。可以理解，還可通過特殊的工藝處理，從而使得透明保護膜26具有以下功能，例如减小炫光、降低反射等。 Further, in order to extend the service life of the transparent conductive layer 24 and limit the capacitance coupled between the contact point and the transparent conductive layer 24, a transparent transparent protective film 26 may be disposed on the surface of the transparent conductive layer 24 and the electrode 28 away from the substrate 22. , the transparent protective film 26 can be It is formed of tantalum nitride, ruthenium oxide, phenylcyclobutene (BCB), a polyester film or an acrylic resin. The transparent protective film 26 has a certain hardness and protects the transparent conductive layer 24. It can be understood that the transparent protective film 26 can also be processed by a special process such as reducing glare, reducing reflection, and the like.
在本實施例中，在形成有電極28的透明導電層24上設置一二氧化矽層用作透明保護膜26，該透明保護膜26的硬度可達到7H(H為洛氏硬度試驗中，卸除主試驗力後，在初試驗力下壓痕殘留的深度)。可以理解，透明保護膜26的硬度和厚度可以根據需要進行選擇。所述透明保護膜26可以通過黏結劑直接黏結在透明導電層24遠離顯示屏204的表面。 In the present embodiment, a ruthenium dioxide layer is disposed on the transparent conductive layer 24 on which the electrode 28 is formed as a transparent protective film 26, and the hardness of the transparent protective film 26 can reach 7H (H is in the Rockwell hardness test, unloading The depth of the indentation remaining under the initial test force, except for the main test force). It can be understood that the hardness and thickness of the transparent protective film 26 can be selected as needed. The transparent protective film 26 can be directly bonded to the surface of the transparent conductive layer 24 away from the display screen 204 by a bonding agent.
此外，可選擇地，為减小由顯示設備產生的電磁干擾，避免從觸摸屏20發出的信號產生錯誤，還可在基體22的第二表面222上設置一屏蔽層230。該屏蔽層230可由銦錫氧化物(ITO)薄膜、銻錫氧化物(ATO)薄膜或奈米碳管膜等透明導電材料形成。該奈米碳管膜可以係定向排列的或其它結構的奈米碳管膜。本實施例中，該奈米碳管膜包括多個奈米碳管，所述多個奈米碳管在上述的奈米碳管膜中定向排列，其具體結構可與所述透明導電層24相同。該奈米碳管膜作為電接地點，起到屏蔽的作用，從而使得觸摸屏20能在無干擾的環境中工作。進一步地，為使所述顯示屏204不致於由於外力過大而損壞，可以於所述的顯示屏204與屏蔽層230之間設置一鈍化層232。該鈍化層232可由氮化矽、氧化矽等材料形成。 In addition, a shield layer 230 may alternatively be disposed on the second surface 222 of the substrate 22 to reduce electromagnetic interference generated by the display device and to avoid errors in signals emitted from the touch screen 20. The shielding layer 230 may be formed of a transparent conductive material such as an indium tin oxide (ITO) film, an antimony tin oxide (ATO) film, or a carbon nanotube film. The carbon nanotube film can be a aligned or otherwise structured carbon nanotube film. In this embodiment, the carbon nanotube film comprises a plurality of carbon nanotubes, and the plurality of carbon nanotubes are aligned in the carbon nanotube film, and the specific structure thereof and the transparent conductive layer 24 the same. The carbon nanotube film acts as an electrical grounding point and acts as a shield, thereby enabling the touch screen 20 to operate in an interference-free environment. Further, in order to prevent the display screen 204 from being damaged due to excessive external force, a passivation layer 232 may be disposed between the display screen 204 and the shielding layer 230. The passivation layer 232 may be formed of a material such as tantalum nitride or hafnium oxide.
以下將具體介紹本實施例所述的個人數位助理200通過電容式觸摸屏20的觸摸進行顯示的具體過程。 The specific process of displaying the personal digital assistant 200 of the present embodiment through the touch of the capacitive touch screen 20 will be specifically described below.
在使用時，個人數位助理200的控制單元250在透明導電層24上施加一預定電壓。電壓通過電極28施加到透明導電層24上，從而在該透明導電層24上形成等電位面。使用者一邊視覺確認在觸摸屏20後面設置的顯示屏204的顯示，一邊通過手指或筆等觸摸物按壓或接近觸摸屏20的透明保護膜26進行操作時，觸摸物與透明導電層24之間形成一耦合電容。對於高頻電流來說，電容係直接導體，手指從接觸點吸走了一部分電流。這個電流分別從觸摸屏20上的電極28中流出，並且流經這四個電極28的電流與手指到四角的距離成正比，控制單元250通過對這四個電流比例的精確計算，得出觸摸點的位置。之後，控制單元250將數字化的觸摸位置數據傳送給中央處理器260。然後，中央處理器260接受上述的觸摸位置數據，並將該觸點坐標對應的操作命令從個人數位助理200的存儲單元270中調出並傳遞給相應的控制單元250。控制單元250根據操作命令控制顯示屏204的顯示以及各種功能的工作。 In use, control unit 250 of personal digital assistant 200 applies a predetermined voltage across transparent conductive layer 24. A voltage is applied to the transparent conductive layer 24 through the electrode 28 to form an equipotential surface on the transparent conductive layer 24. The user visually confirms the display of the display screen 204 disposed behind the touch screen 20, and when the user presses or approaches the transparent protective film 26 of the touch screen 20 by a touch object such as a finger or a pen, a contact is formed between the touch object and the transparent conductive layer 24. Coupling capacitor. For high frequency currents, the capacitor is a direct conductor and the finger draws a portion of the current from the point of contact. This current flows out of the electrode 28 on the touch screen 20, respectively, and the current flowing through the four electrodes 28 is proportional to the distance from the finger to the four corners. The control unit 250 obtains the touch point by accurately calculating the ratio of the four currents. s position. Thereafter, control unit 250 transmits the digitized touch location data to central processor 260. Then, the central processing unit 260 accepts the above-described touch position data, and calls the operation command corresponding to the contact coordinates from the storage unit 270 of the personal digital assistant 200 and transmits it to the corresponding control unit 250. The control unit 250 controls the display of the display screen 204 and the operation of various functions in accordance with the operation command.
本技術方案實施例提供的採用奈米碳管層作為透明導電層的個人數位助理具有以下優點：其一，由於奈米碳管層在潮濕的條件下具有良好的透明度，故採用奈米碳管層作為觸摸屏的透明導電層，可以使應用該觸摸屏的個人數位助理具有較好的透明度；其二，由於奈米碳管具有優異的力學性能，則由奈米碳管組成的奈米碳管層具有較好的韌性及機械强度，故採用該奈米碳管層作為觸摸屏的透明導電層，可以相應的提高觸摸屏的耐用性，進而提高使用該觸摸屏的個人數位助理的耐用性；其三，由於奈米碳管具有優異的導電性能，則由奈米碳管組成的奈米碳管層具有均勻的阻值分佈，因而，採用上述奈米碳管層作透明導電層，可以相應的提高觸摸屏的分辨率和精確度，進而提高應用該觸摸屏的個人 數位助理的分辨率和精確度。 The personal digital assistant using the carbon nanotube layer as the transparent conductive layer provided by the embodiment of the present technical solution has the following advantages: First, since the carbon nanotube layer has good transparency under humid conditions, the carbon nanotube is used. The layer acts as a transparent conductive layer of the touch screen, which can make the personal digital assistant applying the touch screen have better transparency; secondly, because of the excellent mechanical properties of the carbon nanotube, the carbon nanotube layer composed of the carbon nanotube has Better toughness and mechanical strength, so the use of the carbon nanotube layer as a transparent conductive layer of the touch screen can correspondingly improve the durability of the touch screen, thereby improving the durability of the personal digital assistant using the touch screen; The carbon nanotube has excellent electrical conductivity, and the carbon nanotube layer composed of the carbon nanotube has a uniform resistance distribution. Therefore, using the above-mentioned carbon nanotube layer as a transparent conductive layer can correspondingly improve the resolution of the touch screen. And accuracy to improve the person who applies the touch screen The resolution and accuracy of the digital assistant.
綜上所述，本發明確已符合發明專利之要件，遂依法提出專利申請。惟，以上所述者僅為本發明之較佳實施例，自不能以此限制本案之申請專利範圍。舉凡習知本案技藝之人士援依本發明之精神所作之等效修飾或變化，皆應涵蓋於以下申請專利範圍內。 In summary, the present invention has indeed met the requirements of the invention patent, and has filed a patent application according to law. However, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is not possible to limit the scope of the patent application of the present invention. Equivalent modifications or variations made by those skilled in the art in light of the spirit of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims.
10‧‧‧觸摸屏 10‧‧‧ touch screen
100‧‧‧個人數位助理 100‧‧‧ Personal Digital Assistant
102‧‧‧本體 102‧‧‧Ontology
104‧‧‧顯示屏 104‧‧‧Display
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| JP2003303978A (en) * | 2002-04-09 | 2003-10-24 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Photoelectric conversion element and photoelectric transducer |
| US20060213251A1 (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2006-09-28 | University Of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. | Carbon nanotube films for hydrogen sensing |
| US20060274047A1 (en) * | 2005-06-02 | 2006-12-07 | Eastman Kodak Company | Touchscreen with one carbon nanotube conductive layer |
| WO2008013517A2 (en) * | 2005-06-02 | 2008-01-31 | Eastman Kodak Company | Touchscreen with conductive layer comprising carbon nanotubes |
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| JP2003303978A (en) * | 2002-04-09 | 2003-10-24 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Photoelectric conversion element and photoelectric transducer |
| US20060213251A1 (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2006-09-28 | University Of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. | Carbon nanotube films for hydrogen sensing |
| US20060274047A1 (en) * | 2005-06-02 | 2006-12-07 | Eastman Kodak Company | Touchscreen with one carbon nanotube conductive layer |
| WO2008013517A2 (en) * | 2005-06-02 | 2008-01-31 | Eastman Kodak Company | Touchscreen with conductive layer comprising carbon nanotubes |
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