TWI470172B - Smoke and denitrification device - Google Patents
Smoke and denitrification device Download PDFInfo
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Description
本發明係關於一種含有從鍋爐等火爐排出之硫氧化物及氮氧化物之燃燒排氣之排煙脫硝裝置，特別係關於一種設有從流過燃燒排氣之主流導管分歧出並旁通熱交換器而與主流導管合流之旁通導管之排煙脫硝裝置。The present invention relates to a flue gas denitration device containing combustion exhaust gas of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides discharged from a furnace such as a boiler, and more particularly to a device that is branched and bypassed from a main flow conduit flowing through the combustion exhaust gas. A flue gas denitration device for a bypass conduit that combines a heat exchanger with a main flow conduit.
例如以鍋爐等火爐燃燒而產生之燃燒排氣，於流過主流導管之過程中，係以熱交換器及節熱器將熱回收後，再供給用於還原除去排氣中之氮氧化物之氨氣，而後再引導至填充有用以除去氮氧化物之觸媒之脫硝反應器。For example, a combustion exhaust gas generated by burning a furnace such as a boiler is subjected to heat recovery by a heat exchanger and an economizer during the flow through the main conduit, and then supplied for reduction and removal of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas. The ammonia gas is then directed to a denitration reactor filled with a catalyst useful for removing nitrogen oxides.
此處，排氣中存在硫氧化物(特別係SO3 )，且排氣溫度較低之情形(根據排氣中之氨、硫氧化物濃度而不同，但通常大致在250~330℃左右以下)，硫氧化物與氨氣會反應而析出酸性硫酸銨。Here, sulfur oxides (especially SO 3 ) are present in the exhaust gas, and the exhaust gas temperature is low (depending on the concentration of ammonia and sulfur oxides in the exhaust gas, but generally it is approximately 250 to 330 ° C or less). ), sulfur oxides react with ammonia gas to precipitate acidic ammonium sulfate.
因該酸性硫酸銨係液狀，且附著於觸媒表面而覆蓋觸媒活性部位，故導致觸媒之性能降低。因此，保持流入排煙脫硝裝置之排氣溫度在酸性硫酸銨析出之溫度以上，係作為運轉排煙脫硫裝置之條件而被要求。Since the acidic ammonium sulfate is in the form of a liquid and adheres to the surface of the catalyst to cover the active site of the catalyst, the performance of the catalyst is lowered. Therefore, maintaining the exhaust gas temperature flowing into the exhaust gas denitration device above the temperature at which the acidic ammonium sulfate is precipitated is required as a condition for operating the flue gas desulfurization device.
為滿足該條件，已知例如如專利文獻1所記載，係設置從節熱器之上游側分歧出而在節熱器之下游側合流之旁通導管。即，因流過旁通導管而旁通節熱器之旁通排氣不會降溫而保持高溫，故可將與流過主流導管之主流排氣合流後之排氣之溫度，保持在酸性硫酸銨析出之溫度以上。In order to satisfy this condition, for example, as described in Patent Document 1, a bypass duct that branches off from the upstream side of the economizer and merges on the downstream side of the economizer is known. That is, since the bypass exhaust gas flowing through the bypass duct does not cool down and maintains a high temperature, the temperature of the exhaust gas after the flow of the main exhaust gas flowing through the main duct can be maintained in the acidic sulfuric acid. The temperature at which ammonium is precipitated is above.
[專利文獻1]日本實開平1-81447號公報[Patent Document 1] Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 1-81447
但，專利文獻1所記載之技術，未考慮到使合流後之排氣溫度儘速均一之情況。However, the technique described in Patent Document 1 does not consider the case where the exhaust gas temperature after the merge is as uniform as possible.
即，旁通排氣相對於主流排氣以大動能流入之情形，因高溫之旁通排氣大部分到達流入方向之裏側(主流導管壁側)，很難遍佈至流入方向之近處側，故使合流後之排氣混合達到溫度均一需要花費時間。That is, in the case where the bypass exhaust gas flows in with a large kinetic energy with respect to the main exhaust gas, most of the bypass exhaust gas of the high temperature reaches the inner side of the inflow direction (the main flow conduit wall side), and it is difficult to spread to the near side in the inflow direction. Therefore, it takes time to mix the exhaust gas after the combined flow to achieve uniform temperature.
因此，為保持合流後之排氣之溫度均一地在酸性硫酸銨析出之溫度以上，有必要增長從排氣之合流部至氨氣供給部位之導管尺寸，但此方法從裝置之緊緻設計之要求之觀點來看並不令人滿意。Therefore, in order to keep the temperature of the exhaust gas after the confluence uniformly above the temperature at which the acidic ammonium sulfate is precipitated, it is necessary to increase the size of the conduit from the junction of the exhaust gas to the ammonia supply portion, but the method is designed from the compact design of the device. The point of view of the request is not satisfactory.
為縮短導管尺寸且使合流後之排氣溫度儘速均一化，可考慮例如將用於促進合流後之排氣混合之攪拌器設於導管內等，但該情形下，因攪拌器會產生通風阻力，而增加導管之壓力損失，故並不令滿意。In order to shorten the size of the conduit and to make the exhaust gas temperature after the combined flow as uniform as possible, it is conceivable, for example, to provide the agitator for promoting the mixing of the combined exhaust gas in the conduit, etc., but in this case, the agitator generates ventilation. Resistance, while increasing the pressure loss of the catheter, is not satisfactory.
因此，本發明係以抑制導管之壓力損失之增加且使合流後之排氣之溫度儘速均一化為課題。Therefore, the present invention has an object of suppressing an increase in the pressure loss of the conduit and uniformizing the temperature of the exhaust gas after the merging.
本發明之排煙脫硝裝置，其基本構成係具備：供流過從火爐排出之包含硫氧化物及氮氧化物的燃燒排氣之主流導管；配置於主流導管內，藉由熱交換而將燃燒排氣降溫之熱交換器；由主流導管之較熱交換器更上游側分歧而旁通熱交換器並合流於主流導管之旁通導管；對流動於主流導管之主流排氣與流動於旁通導管之旁通排氣合流後之燃燒排氣供給氨氣之氨供給裝置；及從被供給氨氣之燃燒排氣除去氮氧化物之脫硝反應器。The smoke exhausting and denitrating device of the present invention has a basic structure comprising: a main flow conduit for flowing combustion exhaust gas containing sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides discharged from a furnace; disposed in the main flow conduit and being exchanged by heat exchange a heat exchanger for burning exhaust gas cooling; a bypass duct that bypasses the heat exchanger from the upstream side of the heat exchanger and merges with the heat exchanger and merges with the main duct; the main exhaust gas flowing to the mainstream duct flows and flows An ammonia supply device for supplying ammonia gas to the combustion exhaust gas after the bypass of the bypass conduit, and a denitration reactor for removing nitrogen oxides from the combustion exhaust gas to which the ammonia gas is supplied.
特別是為解決前述課題，於主流導管內之主流排氣與旁通排氣之合流部，設有並行於主流排氣之流過方向將主流排氣流路區隔成複數部分，且以板面對向於旁通排氣之流入方向之複數之區隔板；該等區隔板係設置成將其等之主流排氣流過方向之上游側之端部，從旁通排氣之流入側起依序向主流排氣之上游側錯開而面臨流入之旁通排氣。In particular, in order to solve the above problems, in the confluence portion of the main exhaust gas and the bypass exhaust gas in the main flow conduit, the main exhaust gas flow path is partitioned into a plurality of portions in parallel with the flow direction of the main exhaust gas, and a plurality of zone partitions facing the inflow direction of the bypass exhaust gas; the zone partitions are arranged to flow the mainstream exhaust gas through the upstream side of the direction, and flow from the bypass exhaust The side faces are sequentially displaced toward the upstream side of the main exhaust gas and face the bypass exhaust gas flowing in.
即，藉由如此地設置區隔板，流入主流導管之旁通排氣係與各區隔板接觸而改變流過方向，並一面於由各區隔板形成之各流路與主流排氣混合且一面向主流排氣之下游流動。因此，旁通排氣從旁通排氣之流入方向之近側至裏側均一地，換言之於主流導管之徑向均一地遍布，可使各流路之主流排氣與旁通排氣之流量比均一。又，因該等區隔板於主流排氣之流過方向並行設置，故對通風阻力幾乎不會造成影響。其結果，可抑制導管之壓力損失之增加，且使合流後之排氣之溫度儘速均一。That is, by providing the partition plate in this way, the bypass exhaust system flowing into the main flow conduit contacts the respective partition plates to change the flow direction, and is mixed with the main exhaust gas at each flow path formed by the partition plates of the respective regions. And one is flowing downstream of the mainstream exhaust. Therefore, the bypass exhaust gas is uniformly distributed from the near side to the inner side of the inflow direction of the bypass exhaust gas, in other words, the radial direction of the main flow conduit is uniformly distributed, and the flow ratio of the main exhaust gas to the bypass exhaust gas of each flow path can be made. Uniform. Moreover, since the partitions are arranged in parallel in the flow direction of the main exhaust gas, the ventilation resistance is hardly affected. As a result, the increase in the pressure loss of the duct can be suppressed, and the temperature of the exhaust gas after the joining can be made uniform as fast as possible.
該情形下，宜於旁通導管之與主流導管之合流部，設置調整旁通排氣流入主流導管時之流動方向之可旋動之調整葉片。In this case, it is preferable to provide a slewing regulating blade for adjusting the flow direction when the bypass exhaust gas flows into the main flow conduit, in the merging portion of the bypass duct and the main duct.
即，於旁通導管設置擋板等，例如基於合流排氣之溫度等調整旁通排氣流量時，主流排氣與旁通排氣之流量比會變化。即使如此之情形下，藉由調整調整葉片之旋動角度而調整旁通排氣流入主流導管時之流動方向，於藉由區隔板形成之各流路可使旁通排氣均一地遍布，使各流路之兩種排氣之流量比均一。That is, when the bypass duct is provided with a baffle or the like, and the bypass exhaust flow rate is adjusted based on, for example, the temperature of the combined exhaust gas, the flow ratio of the main exhaust gas to the bypass exhaust gas changes. Even in such a case, by adjusting the swirling angle of the blade to adjust the flow direction when the bypass exhaust gas flows into the main flow conduit, the bypass exhaust gas can be uniformly distributed in each flow path formed by the partition plate. The flow ratio of the two exhaust gases of each flow path is made uniform.
又，即使主流排氣與旁通排氣之流量比固定於一定程度時，流動於藉由區隔板形成之各流路之旁通排氣與設計值不同、有所偏差之情形下，亦可使用該調整葉片調整至均一地流動。Moreover, even if the flow ratio of the main exhaust gas and the bypass exhaust gas is fixed to a certain extent, the bypass exhaust gas flowing through each flow path formed by the partition plate is different from the design value, and is also different. This adjustment vane can be used to adjust to flow uniformly.
調整葉片之旋動角度之調整，可基於主流排氣與旁通排氣之流量比進行。例如，各排氣之流量比、及與之對應使兩排氣流量比於各流路內均一之調整葉片之旋動角度可預先以實驗等求得，以表或數學式等保存於記憶體。又，也可於兩導管設置流量計，經由將該等值作為輸入值輸出旋動角度，而基於輸出值調整旋動角度。Adjusting the rotation angle of the blade can be based on the flow ratio of the mainstream exhaust to the bypass exhaust. For example, the flow ratio of each exhaust gas and the corresponding two-exhaust flow rate can be obtained by experiment or the like in comparison with the swirl angle of the uniform adjustment blade in each flow path, and stored in the memory in a table or a mathematical formula. . Further, a flow meter may be provided in the two conduits, and the rotation angle may be output based on the output value by outputting the rotation angle as the input value.
根據本發明，可抑制導管之壓力損失之增加且使合流後之排氣之溫度儘速均一。According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress an increase in the pressure loss of the duct and to make the temperature of the exhaust gas after the joining as uniform as possible.
以下，對適用本發明之排煙脫硝裝置之實施形態進行說明。又，以下之說明中，對同一功能元件標以同一符號並省略重覆說明。Hereinafter, embodiments of the exhaust gas denitration apparatus to which the present invention is applied will be described. In the following description, the same functional elements are designated by the same reference numerals, and the repeated description is omitted.
圖1係模式地顯示使用本實施形態之排煙脫硝裝置之排氣管線之整體構成之縱剖面圖。又，本實施形態中，作為排氣產生源係以鍋爐為例，對於從鍋爐排出之燃燒排氣使用排煙脫硝裝置。但，並不局限於此，亦可適用於包含硫氧化物及氮氧化物而排出之燃燒排氣。Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the entire configuration of an exhaust line using the exhaust gas denitration apparatus of the present embodiment. Further, in the present embodiment, the exhaust gas generation source is a boiler, and a flue gas denitration device is used for the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the boiler. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be applied to combustion exhaust gas containing sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides.
如圖1所示，本實施形態之排煙脫硝裝置10具備：供從鍋爐12之火爐14排出之含硫氧化物及氮氧化物的燃燒排氣流過之主流導管16；配置於主流導管16內，藉由熱交換使燃燒排氣降溫之熱交換器18、20；及同樣配置於主流導管16內，藉由熱交換使燃燒排氣降溫之節熱器22。又，從燃燒排氣之上游側依次串聯地設置熱交換器18、20及節熱器22。As shown in Fig. 1, the exhaust gas denitration apparatus 10 of the present embodiment includes a main flow conduit 16 through which combustion exhaust gas containing sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides discharged from the furnace 14 of the boiler 12 flows, and is disposed in the main flow conduit. In the 16th, the heat exchangers 18 and 20 which cool the combustion exhaust gas by heat exchange, and the economizer 22 which is disposed in the main flow conduit 16 and cool the combustion exhaust gas by heat exchange. Further, the heat exchangers 18 and 20 and the economizer 22 are provided in series from the upstream side of the combustion exhaust gas.
另又具備：從主流導管16之熱交換器20與節熱器22之間分歧出而旁通節熱器22並合流於主流導管16之旁通導管24；對流動於主流導管16之主流排氣26與流動於旁通導管24之旁通排氣28合流後之燃燒排氣供給氨氣之氨供給裝置30；及從被供給氨氣之燃燒排氣除去氮氧化物之脫硝反應器32。In addition, there is a bypass duct 24 that branches out from the heat exchanger 20 of the main duct 16 and the economizer 22 and bypasses the economizer 22 and flows into the main duct 16; The ammonia gas supply device 30 that supplies the ammonia gas to the combustion exhaust gas that has merged with the bypass exhaust gas 28 flowing through the bypass conduit 24; and the denitration reactor 32 that removes the nitrogen oxides from the combustion exhaust gas to which the ammonia gas is supplied .
於主流導管16之氨氣供給部位之上游側之附近位置，設置有檢測燃燒排氣之溫度之溫度感測器34。又，於旁通導管24內，設置有基於以溫度感測器34檢測出之溫度控制流過旁通導管24之旁通排氣28之流過量之可旋動之旁通擋板36。A temperature sensor 34 that detects the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas is provided at a position near the upstream side of the ammonia supply portion of the main flow conduit 16. Further, in the bypass duct 24, a bypass flapper 36 that controls the flow of the bypass exhaust gas 28 flowing through the bypass duct 24 based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 34 is provided.
又，氨供給裝置30係將用於還原除去燃燒排氣中之氮氧化物之氨氣，經由導管37導入主流導管內，並使用注入噴嘴38供給至燃燒排氣者。於脫硝反應器32內，填充有用於除去燃燒排氣中之氮氧化物之觸媒40。Further, the ammonia supply device 30 introduces ammonia gas for reducing and removing nitrogen oxides in the combustion exhaust gas into the main flow conduit via the conduit 37, and supplies it to the combustion exhaustor using the injection nozzle 38. The denitration reactor 32 is filled with a catalyst 40 for removing nitrogen oxides in the combustion exhaust gas.
然後，對以排煙脫硝裝置處理從鍋爐12之火爐14排出之燃燒排氣之步驟進行說明。Next, the procedure of treating the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the furnace 14 of the boiler 12 by the exhaust gas denitration device will be described.
於鍋爐12之火爐14燃燒產生之燃燒排氣，在以熱交換器18、20及設置於最下游之節熱器22熱回收後，藉由氨供給裝置30注入氨氣，再被引導至脫硝反應器32，藉由觸媒40之作用除去燃燒排氣中之氮氧化物。The combustion exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the furnace 14 of the boiler 12 is heat-recovered by the heat exchangers 18 and 20 and the economizer 22 disposed at the most downstream, and then ammonia gas is injected through the ammonia supply device 30, and then guided to the off-gas. The nitrate reactor 32 removes nitrogen oxides in the combustion exhaust gas by the action of the catalyst 40.
此處，燃燒排氣中存在硫氧化物(特別係SO3 )，且排氣溫度較低之情形(雖根據排氣中之氨、硫氧化物濃度而不同但通常大致在250~330℃左右以下)，在與氨氣反應時會析出酸性硫酸銨。Here, sulfur oxides (especially SO 3 ) are present in the combustion exhaust gas, and the exhaust gas temperature is low (although depending on the concentration of ammonia and sulfur oxides in the exhaust gas, it is usually about 250 to 330 ° C or so. In the following), acidic ammonium sulfate is precipitated when reacting with ammonia gas.
因該酸性硫酸銨為液狀，故會附著於觸媒40之表面而覆蓋觸媒活性部位而招致觸媒之性能降低。因此作為運用排煙脫硝裝置10之條件，流入氨氣之供給部位之排氣溫度有必要為酸性硫酸銨之析出溫度以上之溫度。Since the acidic ammonium sulfate is in a liquid state, it adheres to the surface of the catalyst 40 and covers the active site of the catalyst, thereby deteriorating the performance of the catalyst. Therefore, as a condition for applying the exhaust gas denitration device 10, the temperature of the exhaust gas flowing into the supply portion of the ammonia gas must be a temperature higher than the precipitation temperature of the acidic ammonium sulfate.
鍋爐出口排氣，即節熱器22之出口排氣溫度，雖係連動於鍋爐負荷，於鍋爐負荷低之條件下為低，隨著負荷上昇而提高者，但近年，鍋爐之最低運用負荷有進一步設計成較低之傾向。此係因為業界要求藉由進一步擴展鍋爐可運用負荷帶，而可更靈活地對應供電情況變化之運用性優異之機組設備。Boiler outlet exhaust, that is, the outlet exhaust temperature of the economizer 22, although linked to the boiler load, is low under the condition of low boiler load, and increases with the increase of load, but in recent years, the minimum operating load of the boiler has Further designed to a lower tendency. This is because the industry is required to further expand the boiler to use the load belt, and it is more flexible to respond to the unit equipment with excellent serviceability.
但，可想像的是，在所要求之低負荷運轉下，排氣溫度降低，而有不滿足脫硝裝置之運用溫度之情形。However, it is conceivable that the exhaust gas temperature is lowered under the required low-load operation, and the operating temperature of the denitration device is not satisfied.
此外，又被要求從機組設備啟動時之排氣溫度較低之階段運用脫硝裝置。此係因為作為社會的需求，要求於機組設備運用時應儘可能運用脫硝裝置，以成為更低公害之機組設備。In addition, it is required to use a denitration device from the stage where the exhaust gas temperature at the start of the unit equipment is low. Because this is a social demand, it is required to use the denitration device as much as possible in the operation of the unit equipment, so as to become a lower pollution unit.
即使該情形下亦相同，有必要在排氣溫度低而不滿足脫硝裝置之運用溫度之條件下運用脫硝裝置。Even in this case, it is necessary to apply the denitration device under the condition that the exhaust gas temperature is low and the operating temperature of the denitration device is not satisfied.
有鑑如此之點，乃設置旁通節熱器22之旁通導管24。即，因流過旁通導管24之旁通排氣28未以節熱器22降溫，故以保持高溫之狀態與流過主流導管16而降溫之主流排氣26合流。因此，可保持合流後之排氣溫度為更高，以滿足脫硝裝置之運用溫度。It is to be noted that the bypass conduit 24 of the bypass economizer 22 is provided. That is, since the bypass exhaust gas 28 flowing through the bypass duct 24 is not cooled by the economizer 22, it is merged with the main exhaust gas 26 which is cooled by the main flow conduit 16 while maintaining the high temperature. Therefore, the exhaust temperature after the merge can be kept higher to meet the operating temperature of the denitration device.
又，旁通節熱器22之旁通排氣28之流量，可基於溫度感測器34之檢測溫度，藉由節熱器旁通擋板36進行控制，以使氨氣供給部位之排氣溫度達到脫硝裝置之可運用之溫度以上。Moreover, the flow rate of the bypass exhaust gas 28 of the bypass economizer 22 can be controlled by the economizer bypass baffle 36 based on the detected temperature of the temperature sensor 34 to exhaust the ammonia supply portion. The temperature reaches above the applicable temperature of the denitration device.
另，合流之低溫之主流排氣與高溫之旁通排氣，宜混合至注入氨氣，換言之至注入噴嘴38之前，使主流導管16之徑向之溫度分布均一。其原因為，溫度分布有不均之情形下，將於低溫部分產生酸性硫酸銨，或若低溫部分不產生酸性硫酸銨則高溫部分溫度將高至必要以上。換言之，溫度分布均一，且該溫度為具有不產生酸性硫酸銨之最低限之餘裕的溫度最為理想。In addition, the combined low-temperature mainstream exhaust gas and the high-temperature bypass exhaust gas are preferably mixed until the injection of ammonia gas, in other words, before the injection nozzle 38, the radial temperature distribution of the main flow conduit 16 is uniform. The reason is that, in the case where the temperature distribution is uneven, acidic ammonium sulfate is generated in the low temperature portion, or if the acidic ammonium sulfate is not generated in the low temperature portion, the high temperature portion temperature is as high as necessary. In other words, the temperature distribution is uniform, and the temperature is most preferably a temperature having a margin that does not produce acidic ammonium sulfate.
因此，為使主流排氣與旁通排氣之合流燃燒排氣之溫度分布均一，從圖1所示之合流部至注入噴嘴38之導管尺寸L1，有必要為可充分混合各排氣之長度。Therefore, in order to make the temperature distribution of the combined combustion exhaust gas of the mainstream exhaust gas and the bypass exhaust gas uniform, it is necessary to sufficiently mix the lengths of the exhaust gases from the junction portion shown in FIG. 1 to the conduit size L1 of the injection nozzle 38. .
又，若考慮主流排氣與旁通排氣之於合流部之各排氣之流動，則例如圖2所示。圖2係圖1中之主流導管16與旁通導管24之合流部42之放大圖，顯示主流排氣與旁通排氣之於合流部之流動之一例。如圖2所示，旁通排氣相對於主流排氣以大動能流入時，高溫之旁通排氣之大部分係到達至流入方向之裏側(主流導管壁側)(d2增大)，幾乎不會遍及至流入方向之近側。因此，合流後之排氣溫度混合至均一為止需要一些時間。Further, considering the flow of the exhaust gas of the main exhaust gas and the bypass exhaust gas to the merging portion, for example, as shown in Fig. 2 . 2 is an enlarged view of the merging portion 42 of the main duct 16 and the bypass duct 24 in FIG. 1, showing an example of the flow of the main exhaust gas and the bypass exhaust gas at the merging portion. As shown in Fig. 2, when the bypass exhaust gas flows in with a large kinetic energy with respect to the main exhaust gas, most of the high-temperature bypass exhaust gas reaches the inner side in the inflow direction (the main flow conduit wall side) (d2 is increased), almost It will not extend to the near side of the inflow direction. Therefore, it takes some time for the exhaust gas temperature after the combined flow to be uniform.
於是，必然地有必要增長L1尺寸。但，此違背脫硝裝置之緊緻設計之要求而不令人滿意。Therefore, it is necessary to increase the L1 size. However, this is not satisfactory for the requirements of the compact design of the denitration device.
另一方面，為縮短L1尺寸，且充分進行各排氣之混合，從兩排氣之合流部至注入噴嘴38之間，可考慮設置促進排氣之混合之攪拌器等。但，該情形下，主流導管16會產生通風損失而在壓力損失之層面而言不佳。該通風損失，因若鍋爐負荷變高則排氣溫度提高之故，雖然不需要節熱器旁通之運用，但高負荷運用時仍將產生攪拌器之通風阻力。On the other hand, in order to shorten the L1 size and sufficiently mix the respective exhaust gases, it is conceivable to provide a stirrer or the like that promotes mixing of the exhaust gas from the junction between the two exhaust gases to the injection nozzle 38. However, in this case, the main duct 16 generates ventilation loss and is not good in terms of pressure loss. This ventilation loss, if the boiler load becomes higher, the exhaust gas temperature is increased, although the use of the economizer bypass is not required, the agitation resistance of the agitator will still occur during high load operation.
為對應如此之問題而完成之本實施形態之排煙脫硝裝置，其特徵在於主流導管16之主流排氣26與旁通排氣28之合流部設置有複數之區隔板，以下，對該特徵部之詳細情況，使用各實施例進行說明。The smoke exhausting and denitrating device of the present embodiment which is completed in response to such a problem is characterized in that a plurality of partition plates are provided at a joining portion of the main exhaust gas 26 of the main flow conduit 16 and the bypass exhaust gas 28, and The details of the feature portion will be described using the respective embodiments.
圖3係圖1之主流導管16與旁通導管24之合流部42之放大圖，顯示排煙脫硝裝置之特徵部之第1實施例之圖。如圖所示，在主流導管16內之主流排氣26與旁通排氣28之合流部，設有並行於主流排氣26之流過方向將主流排氣流路區隔成複數部分，且對於旁通排氣28之流入方向以板面對向之3片區隔板44。又，該等區隔板44係設置成將其等之主流排氣之流過方向之上游側之端部，從旁通排氣之流入側起依序向主流排氣之上游側錯開而面臨流入之旁通排氣。Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the merging portion 42 of the main flow conduit 16 and the bypass conduit 24 of Fig. 1, showing a first embodiment of the characteristic portion of the exhaust gas denitration device. As shown in the figure, the confluence portion of the main exhaust gas 26 and the bypass exhaust gas 28 in the main flow conduit 16 is provided with a plurality of portions in the flow direction of the main exhaust gas 26 in parallel, and For the inflow direction of the bypass exhaust gas 28, the plate faces the three-zone partition 44. Further, the partition plates 44 are disposed such that the end portions on the upstream side in the flow direction of the main exhaust gas are displaced from the upstream side of the bypass exhaust gas toward the upstream side of the main exhaust gas. Inflow into the exhaust.
藉由如此般之設置區隔板44，流入主流導管16之旁通排氣28，係從主流排氣26之下游側以至上游側依次接觸區隔板44，於各區隔板所形成之各流路與主流排氣26一面混合一面流向主流排氣之下游。By providing the partition plate 44 in this manner, the bypass exhaust gas 28 flowing into the main flow conduit 16 sequentially contacts the partition plate 44 from the downstream side to the upstream side of the main exhaust gas 26, and each of the partition plates 44 is formed in each of the partition plates. The flow path and the main exhaust gas 26 are mixed while flowing to the downstream of the main exhaust gas.
因此，旁通排氣28從旁通排氣之流入方向之近側以至裏側為均一，換言之於主流導管之徑向均一地遍佈，可使各流路之主流排氣與旁通排氣之流量比均一化。又，因該等區隔板44於主流排氣26之流過方向並行設置，故幾乎不對通風阻力造成影響，其結果，不對機組設備之性能造成影響。Therefore, the bypass exhaust gas 28 is uniform from the near side to the inner side of the inflow direction of the bypass exhaust gas, in other words, the radial direction of the main flow conduit is uniformly distributed, and the flow rate of the main exhaust gas and the bypass exhaust gas of each flow path can be made. More uniform than normal. Further, since the partition plates 44 are disposed in parallel in the flow direction of the main exhaust gas 26, the ventilation resistance is hardly affected, and as a result, the performance of the unit equipment is not affected.
因此，可抑制主流導管16之壓力損失之增加，且可使合流後之排氣之溫度儘速均一。又，藉此，因即使縮短從兩排氣之合流部至注入噴嘴38之導管尺寸L1，亦可獲得與延長導管時相同之混合效果，故可緊緻地設計裝置。Therefore, the increase in the pressure loss of the main flow conduit 16 can be suppressed, and the temperature of the exhaust gas after the merge can be made uniform as fast as possible. Further, by shortening the duct size L1 from the merging portion of the two exhaust gases to the injection nozzle 38, the same mixing effect as in the case of extending the duct can be obtained, so that the apparatus can be designed compactly.
本實施例中，雖以於主流導管內設置3片區隔板44，於該部分形成大致均一之4條流路為例，但區隔板之片數，可根據從主流排氣26與旁通排氣28之合流部至注入噴嘴38之導管尺寸L1與主流導管直徑D之比率而適當選擇。In this embodiment, although three partial partitions 44 are provided in the main flow conduit, and four substantially uniform flow paths are formed in the portion, the number of the partitions may be based on the bypass and the bypass. The ratio of the junction size of the exhaust gas 28 to the diameter L1 of the injection nozzle 38 to the diameter D of the main flow conduit is appropriately selected.
即，因導管徑D相對於混合主流排氣26與旁通排氣28之距離L1越大，導管徑向之溫度分布之不均越為顯著，而使混合所達成之溫度之均一化越費時，故區隔板44之片數必須增多。又，換言之，因藉由區隔板44區劃之導管相當直徑D與混合距離L1之比率造成混合特性受到影響，故若混合距離L1較短之情形，有必要增多區隔板片數以促進混合。That is, as the distance L1 between the conduit diameter D and the mixed main exhaust gas 26 and the bypass exhaust gas 28 is larger, the unevenness of the temperature distribution in the radial direction of the conduit is more remarkable, and the temperature achieved by the mixing is uniformized. The more time consuming, the more the number of segments 44 must be increased. Further, in other words, since the mixing characteristic is affected by the ratio of the diameter D to the mixing distance L1 of the duct partitioned by the partition 44, if the mixing distance L1 is short, it is necessary to increase the number of the partitions to promote mixing. .
另一方面，面對流入之旁通排氣28之各區隔板44之尺寸S1~S3，及導管壁與區隔板間之尺寸d1~d3，係考慮旁通排氣28之動能與主流排氣26之動能而決定。即，S1~S3之尺寸及d1~d3之尺寸，係設定為使流入由區隔板44形成之各流路之主流排氣流量與旁通排氣流量之比相同。On the other hand, in view of the size S1 to S3 of the partition 44 of the inflow exhaust gas 28, and the dimensions d1 to d3 between the duct wall and the partition, the kinetic energy and the mainstream of the bypass exhaust 28 are considered. The kinetic energy of the exhaust gas 26 is determined. That is, the sizes of S1 to S3 and the sizes of d1 to d3 are set such that the ratio of the main flow rate of the exhaust gas flowing into each of the flow paths formed by the partition plate 44 is the same as the ratio of the bypass exhaust flow rate.
具體研討時發現，因近年電腦之發達故可有效使用計算精度大幅提高之流動模擬軟體。During the specific study, it was found that the flow simulation software with greatly improved calculation accuracy can be effectively used due to the development of computers in recent years.
圖4係圖1之主流導管16與旁通導管24之合流部42之放大圖，係顯示排煙脫硝裝置之特徵部之第2實施例之圖，因本實施例係與第1實施例同樣地設置區隔板44，又於旁通導管24設置調整葉片者，故只說明與第1實施例不同之部分而省略其他部分之說明。4 is an enlarged view of the merging portion 42 of the main flow conduit 16 and the bypass conduit 24 of FIG. 1, showing a second embodiment of the characteristic portion of the exhaust gas denitration device, and the present embodiment is the same as the first embodiment. Similarly, since the partition plate 44 is provided and the blade is provided in the bypass duct 24, only the portions different from the first embodiment will be described, and the description of the other portions will be omitted.
如圖4所示，於旁通導管24之與主流導管16之合流部設置調整旁通排氣28流入主流導管16時之流動方向之可旋動之調整葉片48。As shown in FIG. 4, a slewing regulating blade 48 for adjusting the flow direction when the bypass exhaust gas 28 flows into the main flow conduit 16 is provided at the merging portion of the bypass duct 24 and the main flow conduit 16.
如前所述，於旁通導管24設置旁通擋板36，基於溫度感測器34之檢測值改變旋動角度而調整旁通排氣28之流量時，主流排氣26與旁通排氣28之流量比改變。As described above, the bypass duct 36 is provided in the bypass duct 24, and the main exhaust gas 26 and the bypass exhaust gas are adjusted when the flow rate of the bypass exhaust gas 28 is adjusted based on the detected value of the temperature sensor 34 to change the swirl angle. The flow ratio of 28 changes.
例如，因節熱器出口排氣溫度於鍋爐啟動初期階段較低，故特性上旁通排氣28相對於主流排氣26之流量比增大，之後伴隨鍋爐負荷之上昇該比率縮小。即，因兩排氣之流量比改變，故旁通排氣28朝向主流導管16之流入模式改變。For example, since the economizer outlet exhaust temperature is lower in the initial stage of the boiler startup, the flow ratio of the bypass exhaust gas 28 to the main exhaust gas 26 is increased in characteristics, and the ratio is reduced as the boiler load increases. That is, since the flow ratio of the two exhaust gases changes, the inflow mode of the bypass exhaust gas 28 toward the main flow conduit 16 changes.
若根據本實施例，即使如此之情形，藉由調整調整葉片48之旋動角度以調整旁通排氣28流入主流導管16時之流動方向，可將流入藉由區隔板44形成之各流路之主流排氣流量與旁通排氣流量之比調節至相同。According to the present embodiment, even in such a case, by adjusting the swirl angle of the adjustment vane 48 to adjust the flow direction when the bypass exhaust gas 28 flows into the main flow conduit 16, the flow formed by the partition 44 can be flown into. The ratio of the mainstream exhaust flow to the bypass exhaust flow is adjusted to be the same.
例如，從各流路之主流排氣與旁通排氣之流量比均一之良好狀態，至主流排氣流量減少而旁通排氣流量增加之情形，可旋動調整葉片48使旁通排氣之流入方向朝主流排氣之下游側改變等，藉由流動分析可適當調整。For example, the flow rate ratio between the main exhaust gas and the bypass exhaust gas of each flow path is uniform, and when the main flow rate is decreased and the bypass exhaust flow rate is increased, the adjustment vane 48 can be rotated to bypass the exhaust gas. The inflow direction changes toward the downstream side of the main exhaust gas, and the like can be appropriately adjusted by flow analysis.
又，即使主流排氣26與旁通排氣28之流量比固定於某種程度之情形下，區隔板44所形成之各流路中流動之旁通排氣28之量與設計值不同而有偏差時，亦可使用該調整葉片48調整至均一流動。Moreover, even if the flow ratio of the main exhaust gas 26 to the bypass exhaust gas 28 is fixed to a certain extent, the amount of the bypass exhaust gas 28 flowing in each flow path formed by the partition plate 44 is different from the design value. When there is a deviation, the adjustment vane 48 can also be used to adjust to a uniform flow.
調整葉片48之旋動角度之調整，可基於主流排氣26與旁通排氣28之流量比而進行。例如，各排氣之流量比、及與之對應使兩排氣流量比於各流路均一之調整葉片之旋動角度可預先以實驗等求得，以表或數學式等保存於記憶體。又，若於兩導管設置流量計，將該等之值作為輸入值輸出旋動角度，則可基於輸出值調整旋動角度。The adjustment of the swivel angle of the adjustment vanes 48 can be based on the flow ratio of the main exhaust gas 26 to the bypass exhaust gas 28. For example, the flow rate ratio of each exhaust gas and the rotation angle of the adjustment blade in which the two exhaust gas flow rates are equal to each flow path can be determined in advance by experiments or the like, and stored in a memory in a table or a mathematical expression. Further, if the flowmeter is installed in the two conduits and the values are output as the input values, the rotation angle can be adjusted based on the output value.
圖5係圖1之主流導管16與旁通導管24之合流部42之放大圖，係顯示排煙脫硝裝置之特徵部之第3實施例之圖。本實施例因係相對於第1實施例之態樣，主流導管16及區隔板44之態樣作變形之變形例，故只說明與第1實施例不同之部分而省略其他部分之說明。Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the merging portion 42 of the main flow conduit 16 and the bypass conduit 24 of Fig. 1, showing a third embodiment of the characteristic portion of the exhaust gas denitration device. Since the present embodiment is a modified example of the deformation of the main duct 16 and the partition plate 44 with respect to the first embodiment, only the portions different from the first embodiment will be described, and the description of the other portions will be omitted.
如圖5所示，本實施例係以主流導管16之形狀成為從兩種排氣之合流部附近隨著向下游逐漸擴徑之情形為例。該情形下，區隔板44於合流部附近筆直地並行延伸於主流排氣26之流過方向，伴隨著主流導管之擴徑一面於流過方向並行地擴展一面延伸，而將主流排氣流路區隔成複數個，且使其等之板面對向於旁通排氣28之流入方向。又，使區隔板44設置成將其等之主流排氣之流過方向之上游側端部，從旁通排氣之流入側起依序向主流排氣之上游側錯開而面臨流入之旁通排氣。As shown in Fig. 5, in the present embodiment, the shape of the main flow conduit 16 is exemplified as a case where the diameter is gradually increased downstream from the vicinity of the junction of the two types of exhaust gas. In this case, the partition plate 44 extends straight in parallel in the flow direction of the main exhaust gas 26 in the vicinity of the merging portion, and extends along the expanding side of the main pipe in parallel with the flow direction, and the main exhaust flow is extended. The road sections are divided into a plurality of sections, and the plates thereof are faced to face the inflow direction of the bypass exhaust gas 28. Further, the partition plate 44 is disposed such that the upstream end portion of the main exhaust gas flowing therethrough is displaced from the inflow side of the bypass exhaust gas to the upstream side of the main exhaust gas and faces the inflow side. Exhaust.
本實施例之情形亦可與第1實施例同樣地，旁通排氣28可從旁通排氣之流入方向之近側至裏側均一地遍佈，換言之於主流導管之徑向均一地遍佈，可使各流路之主流排氣與旁通排氣之流量比均一化。In the case of the present embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the bypass exhaust gas 28 may be uniformly distributed from the near side to the inner side in the inflow direction of the bypass exhaust gas, in other words, the radial direction of the main flow conduit is uniformly distributed. The flow ratios of the main exhaust gas and the bypass exhaust gas of each flow path are made uniform.
圖6係圖1之主流導管16與旁通導管24之合流部42之放大圖，係顯示排煙脫硝裝置之特徵部之第4實施例之圖。本實施例因係相對於第1實施例之態樣，主流導管16及區隔板44之態樣作變形之變形例，故只說明與第1實施例不同之部分而省略其他部分之說明。Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of the merging portion 42 of the main flow conduit 16 and the bypass conduit 24 of Fig. 1, showing a fourth embodiment of the characteristic portion of the exhaust gas denitration device. Since the present embodiment is a modified example of the deformation of the main duct 16 and the partition plate 44 with respect to the first embodiment, only the portions different from the first embodiment will be described, and the description of the other portions will be omitted.
如圖6所示，本實施例係以主流導管16之形狀成為隨著從上游側朝兩排氣之合流部附近逐漸縮徑之情形為例。該情形下，區隔板44於合流部附近係伴隨著主流導管之縮徑而一面使彼此之距離縮小一面於主流排氣26之流過方向並行延伸，之後配合導管形狀筆直地並行延伸於主流排氣26之流過方向。As shown in Fig. 6, in the present embodiment, the shape of the main flow conduit 16 is exemplified as a case where the diameter is gradually reduced from the upstream side toward the vicinity of the junction of the two exhaust gases. In this case, the partition plate 44 extends parallel to the flow direction of the main exhaust gas 26 in the vicinity of the confluence portion along with the diameter reduction of the main flow conduit, and then extends in parallel with the main body of the main duct 26 in the flow direction. The exhaust gas 26 flows through the direction.
又，該情形下亦是將主流排氣流路區隔成複數個，且使區隔板之板面對向於旁通排氣28之流入方向。又，使區隔板設置成將其等之主流排氣之流過方向之上游側端部，從旁通排氣之流入側起依序向主流排氣之上游側錯開而面臨流入之旁通排氣。Further, in this case, the main exhaust flow path is divided into a plurality of sections, and the plate of the partition plate faces the inflow direction of the bypass exhaust gas 28. Further, the partition plate is disposed such that the upstream end portion of the main exhaust gas flowing therethrough is shifted from the upstream side of the bypass exhaust gas to the upstream side of the main exhaust gas to face the inflow bypass. exhaust.
本實施例之情形亦與第1實施例相同，旁通排氣28可從旁通排氣之流入方向之近側至裏側均一地遍佈，換言之於主流導管之徑向均一地遍佈，使各流路之主流排氣與旁通排氣之流量比均一化。The present embodiment is also the same as the first embodiment, and the bypass exhaust gas 28 can be uniformly distributed from the proximal side to the inner side of the inflow direction of the bypass exhaust gas, in other words, the radial direction of the main flow conduit is uniformly distributed throughout the flow. The flow ratio of the main exhaust and bypass exhaust of the road is uniform.
圖7係圖1之主流導管16與旁通導管24之合流部42之放大圖，係顯示排煙脫硝裝置之特徵部之第5實施例之圖。本實施例因係相對於第1實施例之態樣，主流導管16及區隔板44之態樣作變形之變形例，故只說明與第1實施例不同之部分而省略其他部分之說明。Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of the merging portion 42 of the main flow conduit 16 and the bypass conduit 24 of Fig. 1, showing a fifth embodiment of the characteristic portion of the exhaust gas denitration device. Since the present embodiment is a modified example of the deformation of the main duct 16 and the partition plate 44 with respect to the first embodiment, only the portions different from the first embodiment will be described, and the description of the other portions will be omitted.
如圖7所示，本實施例係以主流導管16之形狀成為從合流部附近向下游側彎曲形成之情形為例。該情形下，區隔板44於合流部附近係配合主流導管之形狀筆直地並行延伸於主流排氣之流過方向，之後再配合導管之形狀彎曲延伸。As shown in Fig. 7, this embodiment is an example in which the shape of the main flow conduit 16 is curved from the vicinity of the merging portion to the downstream side. In this case, the partition plate 44 extends straight in parallel with the flow direction of the main exhaust gas in the vicinity of the confluence portion in conformity with the shape of the main flow duct, and then extends and extends in accordance with the shape of the duct.
該情形下亦是將主流排氣流路區隔成複數，且使區隔板板面對向於旁通排氣28之流入方向。又，使各區隔板之主流排氣之流過方向之上游側端部，設置成從旁通排氣之流入側起依序向主流排氣之上游側錯開而面對流入之旁通排氣。In this case, the main exhaust flow path is also partitioned into a plurality, and the partition plate faces the inflow direction of the bypass exhaust gas 28. Further, the upstream end portion in the flow direction of the main exhaust gas of each partition is disposed so as to be displaced from the upstream side of the bypass exhaust gas to the upstream side of the main exhaust gas to face the inflow bypass line. gas.
本實施例之情形亦與第1實施例相同，旁通排氣28可從旁通排氣之流入方向之近側至裏側均一地遍佈，換言之於主流導管之徑向均一地遍佈，使各流路之主流排氣與旁通排氣之流量比均一化。The present embodiment is also the same as the first embodiment, and the bypass exhaust gas 28 can be uniformly distributed from the proximal side to the inner side of the inflow direction of the bypass exhaust gas, in other words, the radial direction of the main flow conduit is uniformly distributed throughout the flow. The flow ratio of the main exhaust and bypass exhaust of the road is uniform.
關鍵是，即使主流導管具有擴大、縮小、彎曲等形狀之情形，藉由於主流導管內之主流排氣與旁通排氣之合流部，設置並行於主流排氣之流過方向而將主流排氣流路區隔成複數個，且使板面對向於旁通排氣之流入方向之複數之區隔板，且藉由使該區隔板之主流排氣流過方向之上游側之端部，從旁通排氣之流入側起依序向主流排氣之上游側錯開而面臨流入之旁通排氣，可抑制導管之壓力損失之增加且使合流後之排氣之溫度儘速均一。The key point is that even if the mainstream duct has the shape of enlargement, contraction, bending, etc., the main exhaust is set in parallel with the flow direction of the main exhaust gas due to the confluence of the main exhaust gas and the bypass exhaust gas in the main duct. The flow path is divided into a plurality of sections, and the plate faces a plurality of partitions facing the inflow direction of the bypass exhaust gas, and the main exhaust gas of the partition partition flows through the upstream end of the direction From the inflow side of the bypass exhaust gas, it is sequentially displaced to the upstream side of the main exhaust gas and faces the inflowing bypass exhaust gas, thereby suppressing an increase in the pressure loss of the duct and making the temperature of the exhaust gas after the merge as uniform as possible.
除此之外，主流導管之擴大、縮小、彎曲等形狀，雖成為使氣體流動產生混亂之要因，但區隔板44亦可達成氣體流動之整流之效果，故為較佳。In addition, the shape of the main duct, such as enlargement, reduction, and bending, is a factor causing confusion in the gas flow, but the partition plate 44 can also achieve the effect of rectifying the gas flow, which is preferable.
10．．．排煙脫硝裝置10. . . Smoke exhaust denitration device
12．．．鍋爐12. . . boiler
14．．．火爐14. . . stove
16．．．主流導管16. . . Mainstream catheter
18、20．．．熱交換器18, 20. . . Heat exchanger
22．．．節熱器twenty two. . . Energy saver
24．．．旁通導管twenty four. . . Bypass conduit
26．．．主流排氣26. . . Mainstream exhaust
28．．．旁通排氣28. . . Bypass exhaust
30．．．氨供給裝置30. . . Ammonia supply device
32．．．脫硝反應器32. . . Denitration reactor
36．．．旁通擋板36. . . Bypass baffle
44．．．區隔板44. . . Partition
48．．．調整葉片48. . . Adjusting blade
圖1係模式地顯示使用本實施形態之排煙脫硝裝置之排氣管線之整體構成之縱剖面圖。Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the entire configuration of an exhaust line using the exhaust gas denitration apparatus of the present embodiment.
圖2係顯示主流排氣與旁通排氣之於合流部之流動之一例之圖。Fig. 2 is a view showing an example of the flow of the main exhaust gas and the bypass exhaust gas at the merging portion.
圖3係顯示排煙脫硝裝置之特徵部之第1實施例之圖。Fig. 3 is a view showing a first embodiment of the characteristic portion of the exhaust gas denitration device.
圖4係顯示排煙脫硝裝置之特徵部之第2實施例之圖。Fig. 4 is a view showing a second embodiment of the characteristic portion of the exhaust gas denitration device.
圖5係顯示排煙脫硝裝置之特徵部之第3實施例之圖。Fig. 5 is a view showing a third embodiment of the characteristic portion of the exhaust gas denitration device.
圖6係顯示排煙脫硝裝置之特徵部之第4實施例之圖。Fig. 6 is a view showing a fourth embodiment of the characteristic portion of the exhaust gas denitration device.
圖7係顯示排煙脫硝裝置之特徵部之第5實施例之圖。Fig. 7 is a view showing a fifth embodiment of the characteristic portion of the exhaust gas denitration device.
16．．．主流導管16. . . Mainstream catheter
24．．．旁通導管twenty four. . . Bypass conduit
26．．．主流排氣26. . . Mainstream exhaust
28．．．旁通排氣28. . . Bypass exhaust
36．．．旁通擋板36. . . Bypass baffle
38．．．注入噴嘴38. . . Injection nozzle
44．．．區隔板44. . . Partition
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW99103220A TWI470172B (en) | 2010-02-03 | 2010-02-03 | Smoke and denitrification device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW99103220A TWI470172B (en) | 2010-02-03 | 2010-02-03 | Smoke and denitrification device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW201128142A TW201128142A (en) | 2011-08-16 |
| TWI470172B true TWI470172B (en) | 2015-01-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW99103220A TWI470172B (en) | 2010-02-03 | 2010-02-03 | Smoke and denitrification device |
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| Country | Link |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4160009A (en) * | 1976-07-27 | 1979-07-03 | Hitachi Shipbuilding & Engineering Co., Ltd. | Boiler apparatus containing denitrator |
| JPS5940004B2 (en) * | 1978-12-27 | 1984-09-27 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Jusa |
| JPS61117989U (en) * | 1985-01-10 | 1986-07-25 | ||
| JPH0181447U (en) * | 1987-11-11 | 1989-05-31 | ||
| JPH01129549U (en) * | 1988-02-19 | 1989-09-04 |
-
2010
- 2010-02-03 TW TW99103220A patent/TWI470172B/en active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4160009A (en) * | 1976-07-27 | 1979-07-03 | Hitachi Shipbuilding & Engineering Co., Ltd. | Boiler apparatus containing denitrator |
| JPS5940004B2 (en) * | 1978-12-27 | 1984-09-27 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Jusa |
| JPS61117989U (en) * | 1985-01-10 | 1986-07-25 | ||
| JPH0181447U (en) * | 1987-11-11 | 1989-05-31 | ||
| JPH01129549U (en) * | 1988-02-19 | 1989-09-04 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW201128142A (en) | 2011-08-16 |
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