TWI468886B - Redundant power supply system - Google Patents
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Description
本創作係關於一種電源供應系統，尤指一種冗餘電源供應系統。This creation is about a power supply system, especially a redundant power supply system.
冗餘電源供應系統較單一電源供應器可提供穩定直流電源，由於冗餘電源供應系統以一背板模組整合複數電源供應器，而各電源供應器的後級輸出電路包含有一控制器，以與該背板模組通訊，故伺服器裝設冗餘電源供應系統，可透過背板模組與各電源供應器進行通訊。The redundant power supply system provides a stable DC power supply compared to a single power supply. Since the redundant power supply system integrates a plurality of power supplies with a backplane module, the power output stage of each power supply includes a controller to The communication with the backplane module allows the server to be equipped with a redundant power supply system that communicates with each power supply through the backplane module.
常見冗餘電腦供應系統的供電控制方法為均流控制模式，即若各電源供應器處於電源輸出正常狀態下，令各電源供應系統平均分擔目前伺服器運作所需電力，舉例來說，以雙電源供應器為例，若伺服器目前運作電力需1000W，則各電源供應器平均輸出500W的電源予伺服器。The power supply control method of the common redundant computer supply system is a current sharing control mode, that is, if each power supply is in a normal state of power output, the power supply systems share the power required for the current server operation, for example, For example, if the power supply of the server needs 1000W, the power supply will output an average of 500W to the server.
然而，目前電子產品用途及使用環境多變，採用冗餘電腦供應系統的電子產品不見得都適用均流控制模式，但對於製造廠商來說，針對各種電子產品而客製不同的冗餘電腦供應系統將使得成本增加，造成產品倉儲的困難，有必要進一步改良之。However, at present, the use and environment of electronic products are changeable. Electronic products using redundant computer supply systems may not be suitable for current sharing control mode, but for manufacturers, different redundant computer supplies are available for various electronic products. The system will increase the cost, resulting in difficulties in product storage, and it is necessary to further improve it.
有鑑於上述冗餘電源供應系統的均流控制方式無法滿足多樣化電子產品需求，本創作主要目的係提供一種改良的冗餘電源供應系統，以克服上述問題。In view of the above-mentioned redundant power supply system's current sharing control method cannot meet the needs of diverse electronic products, the main purpose of this creation is to provide an improved redundant power supply system to overcome the above problems.
欲達上述目的所使用的主要技術手段係令該冗餘電源供應系統包含有雙電源供應器，其中各電源供應器係包含有一前級電源電路、一後級電源電路及一串接於電源輸出端的電子開關；其中該後級電源電路及一控制該電子開關啟閉的控制器；其中：該控制器係自電源輸出端擷取輸出電壓及輸出電流，並包含有一個外部通訊埠及一準位檢知埠，其中該準位檢知埠係連接一接地電阻，並與另一電源供應器的後級電源電路的控制器之準位檢知埠連接；又該控制器係包含一正常模式、一主控模式及一待機模式，當該控制器依據目前擷取該電源輸出端的輸出電壓及輸出電流，判斷目前供電正常，則依據外部通訊埠傳來的模式設定命命，以及另一台控制器的準位檢知埠的電壓準位，選擇以下電源輸出方式：若設定為正常模式，則控制該準位檢知埠輸出高電壓準位，以平均負載功率輸出；若設定為主控模式，進一步判斷目前負載功率超過一重載功率值時，以平均負載功率輸出，並控制該準位檢知埠輸出低電壓準位；若判斷目前負載功率低於一輕載功率值時，以全負載功率輸出，並控制該準位檢知埠輸出高電壓準位；及若設定為待機模式，先設定該準位檢知埠為輸 入埠，以檢知另一台電源供應器的控制器之準位檢知埠的電壓準位；若為低電壓準位，以全負載功率或平均負載功率輸出；若為高電壓準位，則以0負載功率輸出。The main technical means used to achieve the above purpose is that the redundant power supply system includes a dual power supply, wherein each power supply includes a front power supply circuit, a rear power supply circuit, and a serial power supply output. The electronic switch of the end; wherein the power circuit of the rear stage and a controller for controlling the opening and closing of the electronic switch; wherein: the controller draws the output voltage and the output current from the power output end, and includes an external communication port and a standard The position detection knows that the level detection circuit is connected to a grounding resistor and is connected to the level detection of the controller of the power supply circuit of the other power supply; and the controller includes a normal mode. , a master control mode and a standby mode, when the controller according to the current output voltage and output current of the power output, to determine that the current power supply is normal, according to the mode of the external communication 设定 to set the life, and another The controller's level detects the voltage level of 埠, and selects the following power output mode: if it is set to the normal mode, it controls the level detection 埠 output high voltage level Output with average load power; if it is set to master control mode, further judge that the current load power exceeds a heavy load power value, output with average load power, and control the level detection and output low voltage level; if the current load is judged When the power is lower than a light load power value, the output is at full load power, and the level detection is detected to output a high voltage level; and if the standby mode is set, the level detection is first set to be the input. Enter the 埠 to detect the voltage level of the controller of the other power supply. If it is low voltage, output at full load power or average load power; if it is high voltage level, Then output at 0 load power.
由上述說明可知，本創作將後級電源電路之控制器內建多種控制模式，並將其中一輸入輸出埠配合被設定的控制模式選擇作為本機供電狀態的輸出之用，或作為判斷外機供電狀態之用，藉以使雙電源供應器變化出多種控制模式組合，而適用於不同電子產品的需求。It can be seen from the above description that the present invention builds a plurality of control modes in the controller of the power supply circuit of the latter stage, and selects one of the input and output ports and the set control mode as the output of the power supply state of the machine, or as a judgment external device. The power supply state is used to make the dual power supply supply change a variety of control mode combinations, and is suitable for different electronic products.
10‧‧‧冗餘電源供應系統10‧‧‧Redundant power supply system
10a、10b‧‧‧電源供應器10a, 10b‧‧‧Power supply
11‧‧‧前級電源電路11‧‧‧Pre-stage power circuit
12‧‧‧後級電源電路12‧‧‧After power supply circuit
121a、121b‧‧‧控制器121a, 121b‧‧‧ controller
122‧‧‧溫度感知器122‧‧‧Temperature Sensor
13‧‧‧電子開關13‧‧‧Electronic switch
20‧‧‧背板模組20‧‧‧Backplane module
30‧‧‧電子產品30‧‧‧Electronic products
圖1：係本創作冗餘電源供應系統一較佳實施例的電路圖。Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of a redundant power supply system of the present invention.
圖2A至2C：係本創作冗餘電源供應系統的各電源供應器之控制流程圖。2A to 2C are control flow charts of respective power supplies of the present redundant power supply system.
請配合參閱圖1所示，係為本創作冗餘電源供應系統10的一較佳實施例，其包含有雙電源供應器10a、10b，亦可一步配合一連接該雙電源供應器10a、10b的背板模組30。其中各電源供應器10a、10b係為交換式電源供應器，而包含有一前級電源電路11、一後級電源電路12及一串接於電源輸出端Vout的電子開關13；其中該後級電源電路12係包含有一控制該電子開關13啟閉的控制器121a、121b。Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a preferred embodiment of the redundant power supply system 10 , which includes dual power supplies 10 a , 10 b , and can be connected in one step to connect the dual power supplies 10 a , 10 b . Backplane module 30. Each of the power supplies 10a, 10b is a switching power supply, and includes a front power supply circuit 11, a power supply circuit 12, and an electronic switch 13 connected in series with the power output Vout; wherein the power supply is The circuit 12 includes a controller 121a, 121b that controls the opening and closing of the electronic switch 13.
該控制器121a係自電源輸出端Vout擷取輸出電壓及輸出電流，並包含有： 一外部通訊埠IIC，係可為IIC通訊埠，以接收外部傳來的模式設定命命；及一準位檢知埠I/O，係連接一接地電阻R，並與另一電源供應器10b的後級電源電路12的控制器121b之準位檢知埠I/O連接。The controller 121a draws the output voltage and the output current from the power output terminal Vout, and includes: An external communication 埠IIC can be an IIC communication port to receive an externally transmitted mode setting life; and a level detection 埠I/O is connected to a grounding resistor R and to another power supply 10b The level of the controller 121b of the subsequent stage power supply circuit 12 detects the I/O connection.
上述模式設定命命的協定格式如下表所示：
此外，該控制器121a係內建有一正常模式、一主控模式及一待機模式，當該控制器121a、121b依據目前擷取該電源輸出端Vout的輸出電壓及輸出電流，判斷目前供電正常，則依據外部通訊埠IIC傳來的模式設定命命，以及另一台控制器121b的準位檢知埠I/O的電壓準位，選擇以下電源輸出方式：若設定為正常模式，則控制該準位檢知埠I/O輸出高電壓準位，以平均負載功率輸出；若設定為主控模式，進一步判斷目前負載功率超過一重載功率值時，以平均負載功率輸出，並控制該準位檢知埠I/O輸出低電壓準位；若判斷目前負載功率低於一輕載功率值時，以全負載功率輸出，並控制該準位檢知埠I/O 輸出高電壓準位；及若設定為待機模式，先設定該準位檢知埠I/O為輸入埠，以檢知另一台電源供應器10b的控制器121b之準位檢知埠I/O的電壓準位；若為低電壓準位，以全負載功率或平均負載功率輸出；若為高電壓準位，則以0負載功率輸出。In addition, the controller 121a has a normal mode, a main control mode and a standby mode. When the controller 121a, 121b captures the output voltage and the output current of the power output terminal Vout, it is determined that the current power supply is normal. According to the mode set by the external communication 埠IIC, and the voltage level of the other controller 121b to detect the I/O voltage level, the following power output mode is selected: if it is set to the normal mode, then the control is performed. The level detection detects the I/O output high voltage level and outputs the average load power. If it is set to the master control mode, further judges that the current load power exceeds a heavy load power value, outputs the average load power, and controls the standard. The bit detection knows that the I/O output is low voltage level; if it is judged that the current load power is lower than a light load power value, it outputs at full load power, and controls the level detection to detect I/O. Outputting a high voltage level; and if set to the standby mode, first setting the level detection 埠I/O as an input 埠 to detect the level detection of the controller 121b of the other power supply 10b 埠I/ The voltage level of O; if it is a low voltage level, it is output at full load power or average load power; if it is at high voltage level, it is output at 0 load power.
由上述說明可知，本創作將後級電源電路12之控制器121內建多種控制模式，並將其中一輸入輸出埠配合被設定的控制模式選擇作為本機供電狀態的輸出之用，或作為判斷外機供電狀態之用，可使雙電源供應器變化出下表的多種控制模式組合，以適用於不同電子產品的需求。It can be seen from the above description that the controller 121 has a plurality of control modes built in the controller 121 of the rear stage power supply circuit 12, and selects one of the input/output ports and the set control mode as the output of the power supply state of the machine, or as a judgment. The external power supply state allows the dual power supply to change the various control mode combinations in the following table to suit the needs of different electronic products.
請配合參閱圖2所示，由於控制器內建有上述複數控制模式組合，以下為本創作控制器121a判斷設定控制模式程序的較佳流程：控制器121a啟動S10時，首先令正常模式為預設控制模式，令準位檢知埠I/O設為輸出埠(O/P)，並輸出低電壓準位S11。接著，再判斷外部通訊埠IIC傳來的設定控制命令是否為主控模式S12，若是，則將準位檢知埠I/O設為輸出埠(O/P)，並輸出低電壓準位，並將控制模式改為主控模式S13，再次確認目前控制模式為主控模式後S16，如圖2B所示，再判斷目前供電狀態是否良好S161；若是，則判斷目前電子產品30為重載(如：系統負載功率或本機負載功率為70%以上)，即目前負載功率大於重載功率值(>70%)時S162，則以平均負載功率輸出電源，且維持準位檢知埠I/O輸出低電壓準位，此時使設定為待機模式的電源供應器10b的控制器121b檢知到低電壓準位S163，而立即以平均負載功率輸出電源，平攤重載的輸出功率。倘若判斷此電子產品為輕載(如：系統負載功率為40%以下，或本機負載功率為20%以下)，即目前負載功率小於輕載功率值時S164，該控制器121a以全負載功率輸出，並延期一段時間(約100ms)後，將其準位檢知埠I/O設定為輸出埠(O/P)，並輸出高電壓準位S165。Please refer to FIG. 2, since the above-mentioned complex control mode combination is built in the controller, the following is a preferred flow of the authoring controller 121a to determine the setting control mode program: when the controller 121a starts S10, the normal mode is first Set the control mode so that the level detection I/O is set to output 埠 (O/P) and the low voltage level S11 is output. Then, it is judged whether the setting control command transmitted from the external communication 埠IIC is the master control mode S12, and if so, the level detection 埠I/O is set as the output 埠 (O/P), and the low voltage level is output. And changing the control mode to the main control mode S13, reconfirming that the current control mode is the main control mode S16, as shown in FIG. 2B, and then judging whether the current power supply state is good S161; if yes, determining that the current electronic product 30 is overloaded ( For example, the system load power or the local load power is 70% or more, that is, when the current load power is greater than the heavy load power value (>70%), S162, the output power is output with the average load power, and the level detection is maintained. O outputs a low voltage level. At this time, the controller 121b of the power supply 10b set to the standby mode detects the low voltage level S163, and immediately outputs the power at the average load power to evenly distribute the output power of the heavy load. If it is judged that the electronic product is lightly loaded (for example, the system load power is 40% or less, or the local load power is 20% or less), that is, the current load power is less than the light load power value S164, the controller 121a is at full load power. After outputting and deferring for a period of time (about 100ms), the level detection I/O is set to output 埠 (O/P), and the high voltage level S165 is output.
再如圖2A所示，若控制器121a啟動後，判斷外部通訊埠IIC傳來的設定控制命令為待機模式S14，則設定該準位檢知埠I/O為輸入埠(I/P)S15，並將控制模式設為待機模式，再次確認為待機模式後S17，請配合參閱圖2C， 判斷準位檢知埠I/O的電壓準位是否為高電壓準位S171，若是，則以0負載功率輸出(停止供電)S173；若判斷準位檢知埠的電壓準位為低電壓準位，則以全負載功率或平均負載功率輸出S172；意即，若在待機模式下檢測到另一台電源供應器(外機)10b的準位檢知埠I/O的電壓準位為低電壓準位，代表要求本機必須供電，狀況有二：As shown in FIG. 2A, if the controller 121a is activated, it is determined that the setting control command transmitted from the external communication 埠IIC is the standby mode S14, and the level detection 埠I/O is set as the input 埠(I/P)S15. And set the control mode to the standby mode, and confirm the standby mode again after S17, please refer to Figure 2C. It is judged whether the voltage level of the I/O is the high voltage level S171, and if so, the load power is output at 0 load (stop power supply) S173; if the voltage level of the level detection level is judged to be low voltage level Bit, the output is S172 at full load power or average load power; that is, if the power level of the other power supply (outer machine) 10b is detected in the standby mode, the voltage level of the I/O is low. The voltage level means that the machine must be powered. There are two conditions:
1.外機10b無法供電。1. The external unit 10b cannot supply power.
2.外機10b於主控模式下，且電子產品處於重載狀態。由上述複數控制模式的組合可知，若使用者欲令該冗餘電源供應系統10以均流方式供電，則設定雙電源供應器10a、10b均為正常模式，如此雙電源供應器10a、10b則以平均負載功率(50%)輸出電源。若針對負載功率變化較大的電子產品，則使用者可設定其中一台電源供應器10a為主控模式，而另一台電源供應器10b則為待機模式，當主機模式的電源供應器10a判斷目前電子產品30為重載，則以平均負載功率輸出電源，並將其準位檢知埠I/O設定為輸出埠，並控制該準位檢知埠I/O輸出低電壓準位，此時使設定為待機模式的電源供應器10b的控制器121b檢知到低電壓準位，而立即以平均負載電源輸出，平攤重載的輸出功率；倘若此電子產品30轉為輕載，則設定為主機模式的電源供應器10b會判斷目前電子產品30為輕載，而將其準位檢知埠I/O設定為輸出埠，並控制該準位檢知埠I/O輸出高電壓準位，此時設定為待機模式的電源供應器10b的控制器檢知到高電壓準位，而停止電源輸出。2. The external machine 10b is in the main control mode, and the electronic product is in a heavy load state. It can be seen from the combination of the above multiple control modes that if the user wants to supply the redundant power supply system 10 in a current sharing manner, the dual power supplies 10a, 10b are set to the normal mode, and thus the dual power supplies 10a, 10b are The power is output at an average load power (50%). If the electronic product with a large change in load power is used, the user can set one of the power supply 10a as the main control mode, and the other power supply 10b is in the standby mode, when the power supply 10a of the host mode judges At present, if the electronic product 30 is heavily loaded, the power is outputted with an average load power, and its level detection 埠I/O is set as an output 埠, and the level detection 埠I/O output low voltage level is controlled. When the controller 121b of the power supply 10b set to the standby mode detects the low voltage level, and immediately outputs the average load power, and evenly distributes the output power of the heavy load; if the electronic product 30 is lightly loaded, The power supply 10b set to the host mode determines that the current electronic product 30 is lightly loaded, and sets its level detection 埠I/O as an output 埠, and controls the level detection 埠I/O output high voltage standard The controller of the power supply 10b set to the standby mode at this time detects the high voltage level and stops the power supply output.
若使用者誤設雙電源供應器均為待機模式，則 因為各控制器121a、121b的準位檢知埠I/O連接有接地電阻R，故均檢知低電壓準位，而一同以平均負載功率輸出電源，避免設定錯誤而無電源輸出。If the user mistakenly sets the dual power supply to standby mode, then Since the level detection of each of the controllers 121a and 121b is connected to the grounding resistor R, the low voltage level is detected, and the power is outputted with the average load power to avoid setting errors and no power output.
此外，各電源供應器10a、10b的控制器121a、121b可進一步依據目前輸出電壓及輸出電流判斷是否有過電壓、過電流狀態，甚至可連接一溫度感知器122，判斷是否有過溫狀態，如控制器121a、121b判斷有前述任一狀態，則控制其準位檢知埠I/O輸出低電壓準位。若原設定為正常模式的電源供應器10a檢知有過電壓狀態，則將其準位檢知埠I/O電壓準位降低，使另一台電源供應器10b正常模式的電源供應器檢知低電壓準位後，以平均負載功率輸出改為全負載功率輸出，確保電子產品30仍能順利工作。In addition, the controllers 121a and 121b of the power supplies 10a and 10b can further determine whether there is an overvoltage or overcurrent state according to the current output voltage and the output current, and even connect a temperature sensor 122 to determine whether there is an over temperature condition. If the controllers 121a and 121b determine that any of the above states are present, they control the level detection 埠I/O output low voltage level. If the power supply 10a originally set to the normal mode detects an overvoltage condition, the level detection 埠I/O voltage level is lowered, and the power supply of the other power supply 10b in the normal mode is detected low. After the voltage level, the average load power output is changed to the full load power output to ensure that the electronic product 30 can still work smoothly.
再者，上述各電源供應器10a、10b的控制器121a、121b可進一步內建有電流追隨模式，也就是若其一台電源供應器10a的控制器121a被設定為此一模式，則會設定其準位檢知埠I/O為輸入埠，以檢知另一台電源供應器10b控制器121b的準位檢知埠I/O的電壓準位，若控制器121a的準位檢知埠I/O為高電壓準位，則控制器121a會依據其外部通訊埠IIC接收的電流追隨命令，調整後級電源電路12的輸出電壓Vao1，直到輸出電流追上電流追隨命令的電流值，如此可供使用者自行設定雙電源供應器10a、10b的負載功率輸出。例如負載於重載所需功率為1000W，將其中一台電源供應器10b設定為供應700W，則另一台電源供應器10a會依據300W所需的電流值，調整 輸出電壓Vao1。若稍後設定供應700W的電源供應器10b因故無法供電，則其控制器121b的準位檢知埠I/O會輸出低電壓準位，而另一台電源供應器10a本機控制器121a會以維持負載正常運作為優先，以全負載功率輸出。Furthermore, the controllers 121a and 121b of the power supplies 10a and 10b may further have a current following mode, that is, if the controller 121a of one of the power supplies 10a is set to this mode, it is set. The level detection 埠I/O is the input 埠 to detect the level of the other power supply 10b controller 121b to detect the voltage level of the I/O, if the controller 121a is in the detection level 埠When the I/O is at a high voltage level, the controller 121a adjusts the output voltage Vao1 of the power supply circuit 12 of the subsequent stage according to the current following command received by the external communication 埠IIC until the output current catches up with the current value of the current following command. The user can set the load power output of the dual power supplies 10a, 10b. For example, if the load required for heavy load is 1000W and one of the power supplies 10b is set to supply 700W, the other power supply 10a will adjust according to the current value required by 300W. Output voltage Vao1. If the power supply 10b supplying the 700W is later set to be unable to supply power, the level detection of the controller 121b detects that the I/O will output a low voltage level, and the other power supply 10a has the local controller 121a. It will give priority to maintaining normal load operation and output at full load power.
上述各控制器欲以0負載功率輸出(停止輸出電流)，則有以下具體作法：關閉該電子開關13：由於該電子開關13係串接在該電源輸出端Vout，故關閉電子開關13即停止電子產品30抽電流。若該電子開關13採用一功率電晶體，則當功率電晶體不導通，則其寄生二極體D1會導通，故該電源輸出端Vout仍保有端電壓，惟該端電壓係為輸出電壓Vao1減去寄生二極體的導通電壓；如此，本機輸出電壓Vao2即較另一台的輸出電壓Vbo2低，電子產品30即抽取較高輸出電壓的電源供應器的電流，故本機即達到停止供電的目的。If the above controllers want to output at 0 load power (stop output current), the following specific method is adopted: the electronic switch 13 is turned off: since the electronic switch 13 is serially connected to the power output terminal Vout, the electronic switch 13 is turned off. The electronic product 30 draws current. If the electronic switch 13 uses a power transistor, when the power transistor is not turned on, the parasitic diode D1 is turned on, so the power output terminal Vout still retains the terminal voltage, but the terminal voltage is the output voltage Vao1 minus The turn-on voltage of the parasitic diode is removed; thus, the output voltage Vao2 of the local machine is lower than the output voltage Vbo2 of the other device, and the electronic product 30 extracts the current of the power supply with a higher output voltage, so the local machine stops supplying power. the goal of.
綜上所述，本創作將後級電源電路之控制器內建多種控制模式，並將其中一輸入輸出埠配合被設定的控制模式選擇作為本機供電狀態的輸出之用，或作為判斷外機供電狀態之用，藉以使雙電源供應器變化出多種控制模式組合，而適用於不同電子產品的需求。In summary, the creation of the controller of the power supply circuit of the latter stage has a plurality of control modes built therein, and one of the input and output ports is selected as the output of the power supply state of the machine, or as an external device. The power supply state is used to make the dual power supply supply change a variety of control mode combinations, and is suitable for different electronic products.
10‧‧‧冗餘電源供應系統10‧‧‧Redundant power supply system
10a、10b‧‧‧電源供應器10a, 10b‧‧‧Power supply
11‧‧‧前級電源電路11‧‧‧Pre-stage power circuit
12‧‧‧後級電源電路12‧‧‧After power supply circuit
121a、121b‧‧‧控制器121a, 121b‧‧‧ controller
122‧‧‧溫度感知器122‧‧‧Temperature Sensor
13‧‧‧電子開關13‧‧‧Electronic switch
20‧‧‧背板模組20‧‧‧Backplane module
30‧‧‧電子產品30‧‧‧Electronic products
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Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6744151B2 (en) * | 2002-09-13 | 2004-06-01 | Analog Devices, Inc. | Multi-channel power supply selector |
| TW201105003A (en) * | 2009-07-30 | 2011-02-01 | Hon Hai Prec Ind Co Ltd | Redundancy power supply system |
| WO2012016492A1 (en) * | 2010-08-03 | 2012-02-09 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | Power supply module and power supply system |
| CN101087059B (en) * | 2006-03-17 | 2012-07-18 | 伊顿动力品质公司 | Modular UPS systems and methods using modular interconnect assemblies |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US6744151B2 (en) * | 2002-09-13 | 2004-06-01 | Analog Devices, Inc. | Multi-channel power supply selector |
| CN101087059B (en) * | 2006-03-17 | 2012-07-18 | 伊顿动力品质公司 | Modular UPS systems and methods using modular interconnect assemblies |
| TW201105003A (en) * | 2009-07-30 | 2011-02-01 | Hon Hai Prec Ind Co Ltd | Redundancy power supply system |
| WO2012016492A1 (en) * | 2010-08-03 | 2012-02-09 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | Power supply module and power supply system |
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