TWI467405B - Method and computer-implemented system for minimizing and quantifying emissions in the chain of manufacture of textile products - Google Patents
Method and computer-implemented system for minimizing and quantifying emissions in the chain of manufacture of textile products Download PDFInfo
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Description
本發明係關於用於最小化及量化產品(尤其是紡織產品)之製造期間的放射之方法和電腦施行系統。The present invention relates to methods and computer implementation systems for minimizing and quantifying radiation during manufacture of products, particularly textile products.
於紡織產品的工業製造期間，需要許多中間步驟用以產出最終的紡織產品，並且透過常見的商業途徑將它們供應至末端消費者。該些步驟中的每一道步驟皆會產生放射，其可能會危害到人類、動物、以及環境(尤其是空氣、土地、水、以及氣候)，或者對他們會有負面影響。該等中間產品與末端產品可能也會包括潛在的放射。這意謂著，它們在稍後會有發生放射的特定風險。舉例來說，遺留在最終紡織產品上的化學化合物可能會透過皮膚讓穿戴者得到或者可能會於洗滌期間進入水循環中。During the industrial manufacture of textile products, many intermediate steps are required to produce the final textile product and they are supplied to the end consumer through common commercial means. Each of these steps produces radiation that can harm humans, animals, and the environment (especially air, land, water, and climate) or have a negative impact on them. These intermediate products and end products may also include potential emissions. This means that they will have a specific risk of radiation at a later time. For example, chemical compounds left on the final textile product may be available to the wearer through the skin or may enter the water cycle during washing.
以對環境友善且不會危害健康的方式製造產品的重要性對消費者來說不斷地昇高。不過，由於製造過程的複雜性的關係，很難在製造期間達到減低放射的目的或是達到最小化後期放射(latter emission)風險的目的。The importance of manufacturing products in a way that is environmentally friendly and not harmful to health is constantly increasing for consumers. However, due to the complexity of the manufacturing process, it is difficult to achieve the purpose of reducing radiation during manufacturing or to minimize the risk of late emission.
圖1提供紡織產品製造鏈的概略示意圖與示範性解釋例。在第一階段Ⅰ中會生產該等紡織品的原料。於天然材料的情況中(舉例來說，棉花、羊毛、以及絲)，這會經由農業耕作1.1來達成，其中，人類與環境1.5可能會曝露在化學化合物中，例如肥料以及殺蟲劑。涉入的員工1.4亦可能會直接處於所使用之物質的危險中。必要的能量需求(舉例來說，運輸)亦通常會使用石化燃料，其會導致放射出造成溫室效應的二氧化碳氣體。人工材料，例如聚醯胺、聚酯、以及經過化學改質的天然物質(例如醋酸纖維素)，會由工業構件1.2直接製造，化學原料會經過處理而形成最終的纖維產品2。該等化學原料(其包含肥料以及殺蟲劑)來自外部供應商1.3。製造期間的放射接著便可能會對環境1.5和員工1.4造成嚴峻的考驗，而能量消耗則會導致產生二氧化碳。Figure 1 provides a schematic and exemplary illustration of a textile product manufacturing chain. The raw materials of the textiles are produced in the first stage I. In the case of natural materials (for example, cotton, wool, and silk), this is achieved through agricultural farming 1.1, where humans and the environment 1.5 may be exposed to chemical compounds such as fertilizers and pesticides. The involved employee 1.4 may also be directly at risk of the substance being used. The necessary energy requirements (for example, transportation) also typically use fossil fuels, which cause carbon dioxide gases that emit a greenhouse effect. Artificial materials, such as polyamides, polyesters, and chemically modified natural materials such as cellulose acetate, are manufactured directly from industrial component 1.2, which is processed to form the final fiber product 2 . These chemical materials, which contain fertilizers and pesticides, are from an external supplier 1.3. Radiation during manufacturing can then pose a severe test of environment 1.5 and staff 1.4, while energy consumption can lead to carbon dioxide.
於進一步的步驟Ⅱ中，纖維產品2會藉由各種中間階段(舉例來說，紡紗(spinning)、編織、...等)被處理用以形成紗線，並且接著用以形成平面紡織品(布)。該些步驟同樣會釋出放射並且消耗能量。於下一道步驟Ⅲ中會完成該等平面紡織產品，也就是，會利用各種方法來處置且修飾它們，用以達到所希的特性。舉例來說，該等布會被染色、製成抗靜電、防燃、防塵或抗皺、預縮(preshunk)、...等。這會利用熟習本技術的人士已知的各種方法來達成，於此情況中，同樣需要用到再次來自外部供應商1.3的化學化合物。In a further step II, the fibrous product 2 is processed by various intermediate stages (for example, spinning, weaving, etc.) to form the yarn, and then used to form a planar textile ( cloth). These steps will also release radiation and consume energy. These planar textile products are completed in the next step III, that is, various methods are used to dispose of and modify them to achieve the desired characteristics. For example, the cloths are dyed, made antistatic, flame resistant, dust or wrinkle resistant, preshunk, etc. This can be accomplished using a variety of methods known to those skilled in the art, in which case it is also desirable to use a chemical compound from an external supplier 1.3 again.
在步驟Ⅳ中，該等平面紡織產品會經過最終處理，用以形成實際的紡織品，也就是衣物、工業紡織品、室內裝潢織物、...等。接著，該些紡織品便會透過後勤與商業鏈1.12被運送至最後會穿戴該等紡織品的末端消費者1.13。遺留在該等紡織品上的化學化合物可能再次會對穿戴者1.13造成嚴峻的考驗。舉例來說，特定的布可能會造成皮膚過敏，而重金屬則可能會透過皮膚被吸入。In step IV, the planar textile products are subjected to final treatment to form the actual textiles, that is, clothing, industrial textiles, upholstery fabrics, and the like. The textiles are then transported through the logistics and commercial chain 1.12 to the end consumer 1.13 who will eventually wear the textiles. Chemical compounds left on these textiles may once again pose a serious test to the wearer 1.13. For example, a specific cloth may cause skin irritation, while heavy metals may be inhaled through the skin.
相關的專家便會知道該等各種個別中間步驟的許多選擇作法，用以防止放射或是用以最小化其數量或負面效應。舉例來說，於棉花的耕作期間，可以將殺蟲劑的使用減低至最少量，以及對工人套用工業安全規章，...等。於工業處理中，可以降低水與空氣污染，而且使用合宜的保護措施可以提高工作場所的安全。舉例來說，可能完全不使用特定種類的物質或是僅有限度的使用，可以提供合宜的水與廢氣的淨化系統，可以監視工人的工作場所曝露，以及更多的措施。此等最小化措施還不斷地進一步發展與改良。藉由節能措施並最小化運送途徑便可最佳化會造成溫室效應氣體的產生。為最小化衣物穿戴者的放射，可能會避免特定種類的物質，舉例來說，含有重金屬的染料。Relevant experts will be aware of the many alternatives of these various individual intermediate steps to prevent radiation or to minimize their number or negative effects. For example, during the cultivation of cotton, the use of pesticides can be reduced to a minimum, and industrial safety regulations can be applied to workers, etc. In industrial processes, water and air pollution can be reduced, and proper protection measures can be used to improve workplace safety. For example, it may be possible to use a specific type of substance or only a limited use, to provide a suitable water and waste gas purification system, to monitor workers' workplace exposure, and more. These minimization measures are continually further developed and improved. Optimization of the greenhouse gases can be achieved by energy saving measures and minimizing the route of delivery. To minimize the radiation of the wearer of the garment, certain types of materials may be avoided, for example, dyes containing heavy metals.
於進一步的背景中，除了已經發生的有形放射以及潛在的放射(也就是，有後期放射的風險)之外，可能還要將社會因素理解成「社會性或道德性」放射，也就是，大體上係非健康直接相關的工作條件(薪俸、工作時數、童工、...等)。In a further context, in addition to the tangible radiation that has occurred and the potential radiation (ie, the risk of late radiation), social factors may also be understood as "social or moral" radiation, that is, generally Upper non-health directly related working conditions (salary, working hours, child labor, ..., etc.).
由於紡織品之製造鏈的複雜性和易變性的關係，很難記錄、量化、或最小化整條鏈路中的放射。通常，中間產品和半成品產品2係從供應商1.3及中間商處購入，而不會知道來源22或製造的類型。常見的係，產品2也是從複數個不同供應商處所取得。所以，通常幾乎無法知道已經連結至某一特定中間產品或輔助材料的放射3，無法影響該等放射，或者無法依據它們的放射值來選擇中間產品和半成品產品2。Due to the complexity and variability of the textile manufacturing chain, it is difficult to record, quantify, or minimize emissions in the entire chain. Typically, intermediate and semi-finished products 2 are purchased from supplier 1.3 and intermediaries without knowing the source 22 or the type of manufacture. The common system, product 2 is also obtained from a number of different suppliers. Therefore, it is almost impossible to know that the radiation 3 that has been linked to a particular intermediate product or auxiliary material cannot affect the radiation, or the intermediate product and the semi-finished product 2 cannot be selected according to their emission values.
為解決此問題，在某種程度上必須針對該製造鏈中的個別部分引入認證系統，俾使會有至少一特定的指標。舉例來說，有針對生物栽種棉花、環境健全紡織品處理、或是沒有任何相關健康問題的紡織產品的品質標章。如本例的可能情況，該些品質標章會與特定的標準有關；不過，該些標準的嚴謹性和內容的差異可能非常大。該等標準通常不為人知。依此方式可能無法連續量化整條製造鏈上的放射。To solve this problem, the authentication system must be introduced to some extent in the manufacturing chain, so that there is at least one specific indicator. For example, there are quality labels for textile products that are biologically grown cotton, environmentally sound textiles, or that do not have any associated health problems. As may be the case in this case, these quality stamps may be related to specific criteria; however, the rigor and content of the standards may vary widely. These standards are usually not known. In this way it may not be possible to continuously quantify the radiation in the entire manufacturing chain.
對以環境友善及社會可接受的方式來製造的產品的需求意謂著提供保證符合特定標準的產品越來越重要，尤其是在高價格與高品質的部分。然而，此等產品的提供者卻可能僅會有限程度的提供此保證，因為若沒有精密的調查與監控便無法精確的掌握該製造鏈，其原因已解釋如上。這也意謂著第三團體，尤其是新聞界，在製造中發現高價品牌商品提供者從財務運作成本中無法知悉的特定缺點的風險越來越高。The need for products that are manufactured in an environmentally friendly and socially acceptable manner means that it is increasingly important to provide products that are guaranteed to meet specific standards, especially in the areas of high price and high quality. However, the provider of such products may only provide this guarantee to a limited extent, as the manufacturing chain cannot be accurately grasped without sophisticated investigation and monitoring, for the reasons explained above. This also means that the third group, especially the press, is increasingly at risk of discovering the specific shortcomings of high-priced branded goods providers that are not known from the financial operating costs.
本發明的目的係提供一種用以在產品的製造期間最小化與量化放射的有利的方法和電腦施行系統，其不會有前面所述和其它的缺點。明確地說，其目的係達成根據本發明的方法和根據本發明的電腦施行系統，以便讓放射會在產品之整條製造鏈的最大可能部分中被辨識、記錄、以及量化。It is an object of the present invention to provide an advantageous method and computer implementation system for minimizing and quantifying radiation during manufacture of a product that does not have the aforementioned and other disadvantages. In particular, the object is to achieve a method according to the invention and a computer implementation system according to the invention in order to allow the radiation to be identified, recorded, and quantified in the largest possible part of the entire manufacturing chain of the product.
此方法必須成本低廉，有彈性，而且可以再現。同樣地，此方法或電腦施行系統必須能夠用以針對一特定的需求輪廓來選擇最適合的中間產品和半成品產品。明確地說，此方法或電腦施行系統必須能夠用以最小化個別製造步驟的放射值，且最後能夠用以最小化整條製造鏈的放射值。This method must be inexpensive, flexible, and reproducible. As such, the method or computer implementation system must be capable of selecting the most suitable intermediate and semi-finished products for a particular desired profile. In particular, this method or computer implementation system must be capable of minimizing the emission values of individual manufacturing steps and, in the end, can be used to minimize the emission values of the entire manufacturing chain.
藉由根據本發明的方法以及根據本發明的電腦施行系統，以獨立的申請專利項為基礎，便可達成該些與其它目的。在依附的申請專利項中則詳細說明進一步較佳的變化例與實施例。These and other objects are achieved by the method according to the invention and the computer implementation system according to the invention, based on an independent patent application. Further preferred variations and embodiments are described in detail in the dependent patent application.
為更瞭解本發明，後面將會參考圖式。圖式中僅顯示本發明之主旨的概略示範實施例。For a better understanding of the invention, reference will be made to the drawings. Only a schematic exemplary embodiment of the gist of the present invention is shown in the drawings.
接著，應該瞭解的係，「產品(product)」一詞大體上代表任何類型的原始產品(raw product)(舉例來說，棉花、聚酯球)、中間產品或是半成品產品(舉例來說，紗線、織物)、輔助品(舉例來說，染料、修整液(finishing liquor)、以及末端產品(舉例來說，紡織產品成品、褲子、家具裝潢品)。Next, it should be understood that the term "product" generally refers to any type of raw product (for example, cotton, polyester balls), intermediate products, or semi-finished products (for example, Yarns, fabrics, aids (for example, dyes, finishing liquors, and end products (for example, finished textile products, pants, furniture and upholstery).
圖2概略地顯示根據本發明的電腦施行系統的運作方式以及根據本發明的方法中的基本序列。Figure 2 shows diagrammatically the operation of the computer-implemented system according to the invention and the basic sequence in the method according to the invention.
根據本發明的方法包含與來自特定來源22的特定產品2相關聯的辨識碼21。接著，會記錄第一資料記錄31，其包括和該產品2以及連結至該產品2之製造的有型放射及/或潛在放射3、3’、3”有關的細節。接著，會決定一種評估協定4，用以達到確認可用來量化及/或證明該等放射3、3’、3”的至少一特徵值32，並且接著會以該評估協定4為基礎，使用該第一資料記錄31來確認該至少一特徵值32。最後，會產生511一第二資料記錄51，其包括該辨識碼21以及至少一經確定的特徵值32，並且會被儲存在資料庫5之中。The method according to the invention comprises an identification code 21 associated with a particular product 2 from a particular source 22. Next, a first data record 31 is recorded, which includes details relating to the product 2 and the shaped radiation and/or potential radiation 3, 3', 3" associated with the manufacture of the product 2. Next, an evaluation is determined Agreement 4 for achieving confirmation of at least one characteristic value 32 that can be used to quantify and/or prove the radiations 3, 3', 3", and then using the first data record 31 based on the evaluation agreement 4 The at least one characteristic value 32 is confirmed. Finally, a second data record 51 is generated 511 which includes the identification code 21 and at least one determined feature value 32 and is stored in the database 5.
產品2亦可能係一特定組或批。使用辨識碼21的明確辨識結果接著不僅會達到和通用資料與資訊312(例如化合物特定數值、毒物的特性、可能的用途、...等)的關聯作用，還會達到與產品2或是其製造1.1、1.2、1.8、1.9、1.10特別相關的特有資料與資訊311的關聯作用。因此，舉例來說，特定生產工廠的放射值、既有的汙水與廢氣淨化工廠、特定生產批的分析結果、能量消耗、運送牽連、和工作場所安全有關的資訊、...等均可能會與此明確的辨識碼21相關聯且因而會與一特定的產品2或組/批相關聯。Product 2 may also be a specific group or batch. The unambiguous identification result using the identification code 21 will then not only achieve the association with the general data and information 312 (e.g., specific values of the compound, characteristics of the poison, possible uses, ..., etc.), but also with the product 2 or its The correlation between the unique information related to 1.1, 1.2, 1.8, 1.9, and 1.10 and the information 311 is created. Thus, for example, the emission values of a particular production plant, existing wastewater and exhaust gas purification plants, analysis results for specific production lots, energy consumption, transportation implications, information related to workplace safety, etc., are possible. This will be associated with this explicit identification code 21 and will therefore be associated with a particular product 2 or group/batch.
第一資料記錄31會描述產品2以及和產品2之製造有關的有形放射3’及/或潛在放射3”。明確地說，就此來說，資料31包括化學資訊、毒性及生態資料、使用細節、目標紡織品、認證以及和製造有關的細節。該些資料會由產品的供應商1.3本身提供或記錄，舉例來說，其會詳述和該產品的處理有關的機密知識313以及明確的放射值。因此，舉例來說，其可能會記錄用於評估產品2所需的確實化學產品含量細節；不過，就商業秘密來說，其並不希望能夠公開取得。認證過程的結果314亦可作為特有資料311。The first data record 31 will describe the product 2 and the tangible radiation 3' and/or potential radiation 3 associated with the manufacture of the product 2. Specifically, for this purpose, the data 31 includes chemical information, toxicity and ecological information, details of use. , target textiles, certification, and manufacturing-related details. This information will be provided or recorded by the supplier 1.3 of the product itself, for example, which will detail the confidential knowledge related to the handling of the product 313 and the explicit emission values. Thus, for example, it may record details of the actual chemical product content required to evaluate Product 2; however, as far as trade secrets are concerned, it is not expected to be publicly available. The results of the certification process 314 may also be unique. Information 311.
通用資料312(例如，最大允許濃度(MAC)值、毒性細節、R/S記錄、CAS登錄號、毒性種類、沸點、閃點(flashpoint)、...等)亦可取自含有公開已知資訊315的合宜通用資料庫81中。General data 312 (eg, maximum allowable concentration (MAC) value, toxicity details, R/S record, CAS accession number, toxicity type, boiling point, flashpoint, etc.) may also be taken from the publicly known Information 315 in the General General Library 81.
端視產品2的類型而定，一或多個評估協定4會被定義，它們可以在記錄的資料31之基礎上用來確定至少一特徵值32。此至少一特徵值32的用意係量化及/或定性被連結至產品2的有形放射3’及/或潛在放射3”。從多個評估協定4中會決定出提供給產品2或最適於某種特定產品的評估協定4。Depending on the type of product 2, one or more evaluation protocols 4 are defined, which can be used to determine at least one eigenvalue 32 based on the recorded data 31. The at least one characteristic value 32 is intended to be quantified and/or qualitatively linked to the tangible radiation 3' and/or potential radiation 3" of the product 2. It is determined from a plurality of evaluation agreements 4 that the product 2 is provided or is most suitable for a certain A specific product evaluation agreement4.
通常並無法完整記錄所有實際相關的資料31。對來源不明或運送途徑不明的中間產品來說，可能會以具有符合定性與定量意義之安全供給的預估值來取代。數值係預估值的事實可能也會納入評估協定4的考量中。It is usually not possible to fully record all the actual relevant data31. For intermediate products whose source is unknown or whose route of delivery is unknown, it may be replaced by an estimate of a safe supply that is qualitative and quantitative. The fact that the numerical estimates are also likely to be included in the consideration of Assessment Agreement 4.
來自供應商1.3的機密資訊與資料313在產生511資料記錄51的時候並不會被採用，確切地說，它們會經過處理用以形成一般的特徵值32。特定之特有物質的公開資料312(尤其是和用於選擇合宜產品有關的細節，例如毒性細節...等)可能會以相同的方式於第二資料記錄51中被採用。優點係，為改良再現能力，在已經產生第二資料記錄51之後，完整的資料記錄31會儲存在分離的內部資料庫82之中，該分離的內部資料庫82為外部資料庫5的使用者53所無法直接存取的資料庫。Confidential information and materials 313 from vendor 1.3 are not used when generating 511 data records 51. Specifically, they are processed to form a general feature value 32. The publicly available material 312 for a particular endemic substance (especially details relating to the selection of a suitable product, such as toxicity details, etc.) may be employed in the second data record 51 in the same manner. The advantage is that, in order to improve the reproduction capability, after the second data record 51 has been generated, the complete data record 31 is stored in a separate internal database 82, which is the user of the external database 5. 53 databases that are not directly accessible.
根據本發明用於記錄與量化放射3、3’、3”的電腦施行系統9含有協同運作的複數個模組91、92、93。記錄模組91係用於將辨識碼21與來自特定來源22的產品2(明確地說，某一特定產品批)產生關聯，並且用以將和該產品2以及連結至該產品2之製造的有形及/或潛在放射3、3’、3”有關的細節記錄在第一資料記錄31之中。The computer implementation system 9 for recording and quantizing radiation 3, 3', 3" according to the present invention contains a plurality of modules 91, 92, 93 that cooperate to operate. The recording module 91 is used to identify the identification code 21 from a particular source. Product 2 of 22 (specifically, a particular product batch) is associated and used to relate to the product 2 and the tangible and/or potential radiation 3, 3', 3" associated with the manufacture of the product 2. The details are recorded in the first data record 31.
估算模組92係用來產生至少一特徵值32，其會量化及/或定性被連結至該產品2之製造的有形及/或潛在放射3、3’、3”，其中，會決定評估協定4，並且使用該評估協定4從第一資料記錄31中產生該至少一特徵值32。The estimation module 92 is operative to generate at least one characteristic value 32 that is quantified and/or qualitatively linked to the tangible and/or potential radiation 3, 3', 3" of the manufacture of the product 2, wherein the evaluation agreement is determined 4. The at least one feature value 32 is generated from the first data record 31 using the evaluation protocol 4.
儲存模組93係用來產生511第二資料記錄51(其包括辨識碼21和該至少一特徵值32)，並且用來將該第二資料記錄51儲存在資料庫5之中。The storage module 93 is used to generate 511 a second data record 51 (which includes the identification code 21 and the at least one feature value 32) and is used to store the second data record 51 in the database 5.
為幫助該等特徵值32的再現能力與透明度，資料記錄51優點係含有和所使用的評估協定4及/或用於確定該至少一特徵值32的第一資料記錄31及/或產品2的來源22有關的進一步元資料(metadata)317。To aid in the reproducibility and transparency of the feature values 32, the data record 51 advantage is associated with the evaluation protocol 4 used and/or the first data record 31 and/or product 2 used to determine the at least one feature value 32. Further metadata (source) 317 related to source 22.
舉例來說，此元資料317可能含有和所使用的評估協定4相關聯的第二辨識碼41、和第一資料記錄31的確定類型相關聯的第三辨識碼316、用於產品2之來源22(也就是，舉例來說，供應商或製造商...等)的第四辨識碼221。對購買中間產品的客戶來說，還可能因而跳過中間交易，其不僅會提高價格優勢，還會提高運送效率，並且減低運送相關的放射。For example, this metadata 317 may contain a second identification code 41 associated with the evaluation protocol 4 used, a third identification code 316 associated with the determined type of the first data record 31, and a source for the product 2 A fourth identification code 221 of 22 (ie, for example, a supplier or manufacturer...etc.). For customers who purchase intermediate products, it is also possible to skip intermediate transactions, which will not only increase the price advantage, but also increase the efficiency of transportation and reduce the transportation-related emissions.
於進一步的有利變化例中，第一產品2(為製造第一產品2，會使用到被記錄在資料庫5中的一或多個進一步產品2.1、2.2、...)具有結合來自前述產品2.1、2.2、...之資料記錄51.1、51.2、...的來自第一產品2之資料記錄51。圖3概略地顯示其中一個此類資料記錄鏈。較佳的係，此變化例包含和兩個資料記錄之間的結合相關聯的加權係數52。In a further advantageous variant, the first product 2 (for the manufacture of the first product 2, which will be used in one or more further products 2.1, 2.2, ... recorded in the database 5) has a combination of products from the aforementioned products 2.1, 2.2, ... data record 51.1, 51.2, ... from the first product 2 data record 51. Figure 3 shows diagrammatically one of such data record chains. Preferably, this variation includes a weighting factor 52 associated with the combination between the two data records.
來自第一產品2的第二資料記錄51的至少一特徵值32會藉由包含使用來自與其結合的進一步資料記錄51.1、51.2、51.3、...的特徵值32.1、32.2、32.3、...的進一步特定較佳的變化例被確定。此種結合該等資料記錄的優點係可以使用此資料記錄鏈或是此資料記錄網路來記錄、量化、以及定性某一製造鏈的整個部分，而不僅只有個別的中間步驟。來自產品2的資料記錄51因而能夠以可再現的方式將其背後整條複雜的製造鏈納入考量。舉例來說，相較於習知的認證方法，這可達到更綜合性評估與檢驗的目的。At least one characteristic value 32 of the second data record 51 from the first product 2 is obtained by including the characteristic values 32.1, 32.2, 32.3, ... using further data records 51.1, 51.2, 51.3, ... from which it is combined. Further specific preferred variations of the determination are determined. The advantage of combining such data records is that the data record chain or the data record network can be used to record, quantify, and characterize the entire portion of a manufacturing chain, not just individual intermediate steps. The data record 51 from the product 2 is thus able to take into account the entire complex manufacturing chain behind it in a reproducible manner. For example, this can achieve a more comprehensive assessment and inspection than conventional authentication methods.
於本發明的另一有利的變化例中，顯示在圖4中，會決定特定應用的風險曲線6。接著，便會針對一特定的資料記錄51，使用該已決定的風險曲線6來確定一或多個風險特徵值61。In a further advantageous variant of the invention, shown in Figure 4, a risk curve 6 for a particular application is determined. Next, one or more risk characteristic values 61 are determined for the particular data record 51 using the determined risk curve 6.
舉例來說，包含使用浸沒缸的修整方法和包含使用絲網印刷或其它塗覆技術的修整方法會有不同的放射途徑以及潛在危險。因此，相同的化學化合物可能會造成不同的放射，端視處理技術而定。因此，可以使用合宜的風險曲 線6來模擬產品2的前述應用特有的特性，而經確定611的風險特徵值61則能夠因而和資料記錄51產生關聯。For example, dressing methods involving the use of immersion cylinders and trimming methods involving the use of screen printing or other coating techniques can have different routes of radiation and potential hazards. Therefore, the same chemical compound may cause different emissions depending on the processing technology. Therefore, you can use a suitable risk Line 6 is used to simulate the aforementioned application-specific characteristics of product 2, and the risk characteristic value 61 determined 611 can thus be associated with data record 51.
進一步範例為紡織產品的不同用途以及穿戴者相關聯的潛在危險。因此，舉例來說，於小朋友的情況以及於直接接觸皮膚的情況(「皮膚接觸」、「緊鄰皮膚」)，有害物質透過皮膚被吸入的風險會遠大於沒有直接接觸皮膚之衣物的情況。於工業和技術性紡織品的情況中，潛在危險或潛在放射則又會變低。從其它考量的觀點來看，相關風險的權重可能會比較輕，例如於軍用紡織品的情況中，或是必須要有強制性技術特性的紡織品，舉例來說，航空器中防燃的裝潢覆蓋品。接著，便可以利用合宜的風險曲線6來模擬不同的潛在放射敏感性。風險曲線6可能還會考量或映射不同的法定規定，舉例來說，不同的法定限制值或是禁用物質清單。Further examples are the different uses of textile products and the potential hazards associated with wearers. Thus, for example, in the case of children and in direct contact with the skin ("skin contact", "adjacent to the skin"), the risk of inhalation of harmful substances through the skin is much greater than in cases where there is no direct contact with the skin. In the case of industrial and technical textiles, the potential hazard or potential radiation will become lower. From other points of view, the weight of the relevant risks may be relatively light, for example in the case of military textiles, or textiles that must have mandatory technical characteristics, for example, fireproof decorative coverings in aircraft. A suitable risk curve 6 can then be used to simulate different potential radiosensitivity. Risk curve 6 may also consider or map different statutory regulations, for example, different statutory limits or a list of banned substances.
資料庫5中的可用資料記錄51可以利用設定點數值與搜尋準則來進行過濾，及/或可以套用合宜的排除準則。依此方式，特定的資料記錄群或產品群一開始可能便會被排除，舉例來說，基本上無法接受的化學化合物或是製造條件或放射值非常差，因此，不論產品的特有選擇為何，均會在整條已記錄的製造鏈中自動達成特定的最小標準。The available data records 51 in the database 5 can be filtered using set point values and search criteria, and/or appropriate exclusion criteria can be applied. In this way, a particular data record group or product group may be excluded at the outset. For example, a chemical compound that is largely unacceptable or has poor manufacturing conditions or emission values, so regardless of the specific choice of the product, Specific minimum standards are automatically reached throughout the entire manufacturing chain that has been recorded.
於進一步有利的變化例中，資料記錄51中的特徵值32會以一上層的第二評估協定為基礎被分類。舉例來說，該等特徵值32可以用來對產品2實施粗略分類，舉例來說，將它們分成五個等級(非常差、差、滿意、良好、非常良好)， 三個等級(「黑名單」：基本上無法接受的；「灰名單」：特定條件下可以接受的；「藍名單」：永遠可以接受的)，或是僅分成兩個等級(可以接受/無法接受)。此上層的第二評估協定基本上為特定形式的風險曲線6。舉例來說，具有無法接受類別的產品2的資料記錄51在進入資料庫5中之前便可能會被攔截；或者，可能會針對使用者53來阻隔相關的資料記錄。In a further advantageous variant, the feature values 32 in the data record 51 are sorted on the basis of a second evaluation agreement of the upper layer. For example, the feature values 32 can be used to implement a rough classification of the products 2, for example, by dividing them into five levels (very poor, poor, satisfactory, good, very good), Three levels ("blacklist": basically unacceptable; "grey list": acceptable under certain conditions; "bluelist": always acceptable), or only two levels (acceptable/unable) accept). The second evaluation agreement of this upper layer is basically a specific form of risk curve 6. For example, a data record 51 with a product 2 of an unacceptable category may be intercepted before entering the database 5; or, the relevant data record may be blocked for the user 53.
也可以針對可存取的資料記錄、分類、評估協定、風險曲線、...等來提供使用者特有的曲線54。舉例來說，使用者曲線可能僅具有和紡織半成品產品及供其使用的輔助材料有關的資料記錄51。因此，此使用者曲線適合紡織業中生產半成品產品(例如布料)的使用者。舉例來說，另一使用者曲線可能僅具有供其使用的成品布料的資料記錄51。所以，此使用者曲線適合生產末端紡織產品且希望保證所用布料之品質的紡織品製造商與商標持有人。進一步的使用者曲線還可能僅具有已列出的末端產品，舉例來說，這對希望檢查他們所販售之商品的品質的零售商來說非常實用。User-specific curves 54 may also be provided for accessible data records, classifications, assessment protocols, risk profiles, ... and the like. For example, the user curve may only have a data record 51 relating to the textile semi-finished product and the auxiliary materials for its use. Therefore, this user curve is suitable for users of semi-finished products (eg fabrics) in the textile industry. For example, another user curve may only have a data record 51 of the finished fabric for its use. Therefore, this user curve is suitable for textile manufacturers and trademark holders who produce end textile products and wish to ensure the quality of the fabrics used. Further user curves may also have only the end products listed, which is useful, for example, for retailers wishing to check the quality of the items they are selling.
亦可提供使用者53一特定的使用者曲線54以便存取通用資料庫81的一部分以及存取和所使用的評估協定4及風險曲線6有關的資訊。A particular user curve 54 can also be provided by the user 53 to access a portion of the general repository 81 and to access information related to the evaluation protocol 4 and risk curve 6 used.
和產品有關的第一資料記錄31通常並非靜態，而可能會改變，舉例來說，當生產過程改變時。同樣地，評估協定4亦可能會因為特定的風險評估、科學知識、或法定規 定改變而需要被調整。舉例來說，以前認為沒有問題的化合物可能會忽然被分類為高致癌性，因此，從此觀點來說，便可能無法接受它的利用。The first data record 31 associated with the product is typically not static and may change, for example, when the production process changes. Similarly, assessment agreement 4 may also be due to specific risk assessments, scientific knowledge, or statutory regulations. The change needs to be adjusted. For example, compounds that were previously thought to be problem-free may suddenly be classified as highly carcinogenic, so from this point of view, it may not be acceptable for its use.
於本發明另一有利的變化例中，於改變第一資料記錄31、或評估協定4、或風險曲線6之後，會因而再產生使用到此第一資料記錄31、此評估協定4或風險曲線6所產生的第二資料記錄51。這可以雷同的方式套用至在產生第一資料記錄31時會用到的通用資料與特有資料。In a further advantageous variant of the invention, after changing the first data record 31, or the evaluation agreement 4, or the risk curve 6, the first data record 31, the evaluation agreement 4 or the risk curve can be regenerated. 6 generated second data record 51. This can be applied in the same way to the generic and proprietary data that would be used in generating the first data record 31.
較佳的係，此方法變化例還包含藉由結合作用來再產生直接或間接相依於已再產生之第二資料記錄51的資料記錄51。因此，資料記錄31中的單一改變可能會觸發一連串的調整與再評估。這允許改變被連續地記錄，並且允許在複雜的製造鏈中被重新建構。Preferably, the method variant further comprises regenerating the data record 51 directly or indirectly dependent on the regenerated second data record 51 by a combination. Therefore, a single change in data record 31 may trigger a series of adjustments and re-evaluations. This allows the changes to be recorded continuously and allowed to be reconstructed in a complex manufacturing chain.
於一特優的變化例中，內部的第一資料記錄31及/或外部的第二資料記錄51會具有和它們相關聯的時間戳記，其含有該等資料記錄31、51被產生的時間而且較佳的係不可以改變。於電腦施行系統9中，此操作可能係在驗證模組中實施。舉例來說，這會讓資料記錄31、51和一特定的產品2組或批有獨特的關聯。辨識碼21和時間戳記的組合，可能連同第二資料記錄51，會因而構成產品2的一次性認證(one-time certificate)。In a particularly advantageous variant, the internal first data record 31 and/or the external second data record 51 will have time stamps associated with them containing the time at which the data records 31, 51 were generated and The preferred system cannot be changed. In the computer implementation system 9, this operation may be implemented in the verification module. For example, this would give the data records 31, 51 a unique association with a particular product 2 group or batch. The combination of the identification code 21 and the time stamp, possibly together with the second data record 51, will thus constitute a one-time certificate for the product 2.
於進一步的變化例中，可能還會規律的重複產生內部資料記錄31及/或外部資料記錄51。具有相關聯時間戳記的一或多個資料記錄31、51可能會針對特定的產品2結合 一辨識碼21用以形成一認證。於是，此經結合之具有各種時間戳記的複數個資料記錄51基本上會在特定的時間週期中構成特定產品2的認證。In a further variation, internal data records 31 and/or external data records 51 may also be generated in a regular manner. One or more data records 31, 51 with associated time stamps may be combined for a particular product 2 An identification code 21 is used to form an authentication. Thus, the combined plurality of material records 51 having various time stamps will substantially constitute the authentication of the particular product 2 in a particular time period.
其還可以施行監視或警示功能，用以在特定的區間中檢查資料記錄51的合法性。這可以早期確認改變的情形並且於必要時採取措施。It can also perform monitoring or alerting functions to check the legitimacy of the data record 51 in a particular interval. This can confirm the changed situation early and take action if necessary.
於本發明的另一有利的變化例中，會在特定的時間區間及/或以外部觸發為基礎重複地產生511、611該等第一資料記錄31及/或第二資料記錄51及/或風險特徵值61。該等重新產生的資料記錄31、51或風險特徵值61接著便可與前面的數值作比較並且可以評估已確立的差異。In a further advantageous variant of the invention, the first data record 31 and/or the second data record 51 and/or the first data record 31 and/or the second data record 51 and/or may be repeatedly generated 511, 611 on a specific time interval and/or on an external trigger basis. Risk characteristic value 61. The regenerated data records 31, 51 or risk characteristic values 61 can then be compared to the previous values and the established differences can be evaluated.
圖中所示之根據本發明的方法可以在中央電腦系統上實施，或是在由多部靜態或暫時互連的電腦系統組成的網路中實施。同樣地，根據本發明的電腦施行系統9中的各種模組91、92、93亦可以施行在一電腦系統上或是施行在複數部永久或暫時互連的電腦系統上。The method according to the invention shown in the figures can be implemented on a central computer system or in a network consisting of a plurality of static or temporarily interconnected computer systems. Similarly, the various modules 91, 92, 93 of the computer-implemented system 9 in accordance with the present invention can also be implemented on a computer system or on a computer system that is permanently or temporarily interconnected in a plurality of sections.
舉例來說，內部資料庫82與外部資料庫5可以運作在相同或分離的電腦系統及/或資料庫管理系統上。為達存取該等各種資料庫5、82以及實施各種方法步驟的目的，舉例來說，可以提供客戶端子系統(client subsystem)或網路應用軟體，或是在中央系統上實施個別或所有的方法步驟。For example, the internal database 82 and the external database 5 can operate on the same or separate computer systems and/or database management systems. For the purpose of accessing the various databases 5, 82 and implementing various method steps, for example, a client terminal system or a network application software may be provided, or individual or all of them may be implemented on the central system. Method steps.
亦可以將內部資料庫82及/或外部資料庫5分割成內容為互補的複數個分離的子資料庫。因此，舉例來說，使用者可能具有一專屬的外部資料庫，其僅係用來儲存來自他 自己產品的資料記錄而且僅有相關使用者會存取。此分隔作用當然亦可藉由使用者曲線的合宜限制來達成。The internal database 82 and/or the external database 5 may also be partitioned into a plurality of separate sub-libraries whose contents are complementary. So, for example, a user might have a dedicated external repository that is only used to store from him. The data of your own product is recorded and only accessible to the relevant users. This separation can of course also be achieved by a suitable limitation of the user curve.
I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、V‧‧‧製造鏈中的步驟Steps in the manufacturing chain of I, II, III, IV, V‧‧
1.1‧‧‧農業耕作1.1‧‧‧Agricultural farming
1.2‧‧‧紡織纖維的工業製造1.2‧‧‧Industrial manufacture of textile fibres
1.3‧‧‧供應商1.3‧‧‧Suppliers
1.4‧‧‧員工1.4‧‧‧Employees
1.5‧‧‧環境1.5‧‧‧ Environment
1.7‧‧‧運送1.7‧‧‧Transportation
1.8‧‧‧平面紡織品製造1.8‧‧‧Manufacture of flat textiles
1.9‧‧‧平面紡織品完成1.9‧‧‧Development of flat textiles
1.10‧‧‧紡織品製造1.10‧‧‧Textile manufacturing
1.12‧‧‧用於配送紡織品成品的商業與後勤鏈1.12‧‧‧Commercial and logistics chains for the distribution of finished textile products
1.13‧‧‧末端消費者，紡織品成品的穿戴者1.13‧‧‧End consumers, wearers of finished textile products
1.14‧‧‧紡織產品成品1.14‧‧‧Finished products
2、2.1、2.2、2.3、2.4、2.5‧‧‧中間產品、半成品產品、成品產品2. 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5‧‧‧ intermediate products, semi-finished products, finished products
21‧‧‧中間產品/半成品產品/成品產品的辨識碼21‧‧‧ Identification code for intermediate/semi-finished products/finished products
22‧‧‧來源22‧‧‧Source
221‧‧‧來源的辨識碼221‧‧‧ source identification code
3‧‧‧放射3‧‧‧radiation
3’‧‧‧有形放射3’‧‧‧tangible radiation
3”‧‧‧潛在放射3"‧‧‧ Potential radiation
31‧‧‧內部資料，第一資料記錄31‧‧‧ Internal information, first data record
311‧‧‧特有資料311‧‧‧Special information
312、312’‧‧‧通用資料312, 312' ‧ ‧ general information
313‧‧‧機密資訊/資料313‧‧‧Confidential Information/Information
314‧‧‧認證過程的結果314‧‧‧ Results of the certification process
315‧‧‧公開已知的資訊315‧‧ ‧Disclose known information
316‧‧‧資料的辨識碼316‧‧‧ Identification code of the data
317‧‧‧元資料317‧‧‧ Metadata
32、32.1、32.2、32.3、32.4、32.5‧‧‧特徵值32, 32.1, 32.2, 32.3, 32.4, 32.5‧‧‧ eigenvalues
4‧‧‧評估協定4‧‧‧Evaluation Agreement
41‧‧‧評估技術的辨識碼41‧‧‧ Identification technology identification code
5‧‧‧外部資料庫5‧‧‧External database
51、51.1、51.2、51.3、51.4、51.5‧‧‧外部資料，第二資料記錄51, 51.1, 51.2, 51.3, 51.4, 51.5‧‧‧ External data, second data record
511‧‧‧資料記錄的產生511‧‧‧Generation of data records
52‧‧‧加權係數52‧‧‧weighting factor
53‧‧‧資料庫的使用者53‧‧‧Users of the database
54‧‧‧使用者曲線54‧‧‧User Curve
6‧‧‧風險曲線6‧‧‧ risk curve
61‧‧‧風險特徵值61‧‧‧ risk eigenvalue
611‧‧‧風險特徵值的產生611‧‧‧The generation of risk eigenvalues
7‧‧‧認證中心7‧‧‧ Certification Center
81‧‧‧通用資料庫，其具有通用及/或公開已知的資訊81‧‧‧Common database with general and/or publicly known information
82‧‧‧用於輸出資料的內部資料庫82‧‧‧Internal database for exporting data
9‧‧‧電腦施行系統9‧‧‧Computer Implementation System
91‧‧‧記錄模組91‧‧‧recording module
92‧‧‧估算模組92‧‧‧ Estimation module
93‧‧‧儲存模組93‧‧‧Storage module
圖1提供紡織產品製造鏈的概略示意圖與示範性解釋例。Figure 1 provides a schematic and exemplary illustration of a textile product manufacturing chain.
圖2概略地顯示根據本發明的電腦施行系統的運作方式以及根據本發明的方法中的基本序列。Figure 2 shows diagrammatically the operation of the computer-implemented system according to the invention and the basic sequence in the method according to the invention.
圖3概略地顯示一資料記錄鏈的進一步有利的變化例。Figure 3 shows diagrammatically a further advantageous variant of a data recording chain.
圖4所示的係本發明另一有利的變化例。Figure 4 shows a further advantageous variant of the invention.
1.3．．．供應商1.3. . . supplier
2．．．中間產品、半成品產品、成品產品2. . . Intermediate products, semi-finished products, finished products
21．．．中間產品/半成品產品/成品產品的辨識碼twenty one. . . Identification code for intermediate/semi-finished products/finished products
22．．．來源twenty two. . . source
31．．．內部資料，第一資料記錄31. . . Internal data, first data record
311．．．特有資料311. . . Unique information
312、312’．．．通用資料312, 312’. . . General information
313．．．機密資訊/資料313. . . Confidential information/data
314．．．認證過程的結果314. . . The result of the certification process
315．．．公開已知的資訊315. . . Publicly known information
317．．．元資料317. . . Metadata
32．．．特徵值32. . . Eigenvalues
4．．．評估協定4. . . Evaluation agreement
5．．．外部資料庫5. . . External database
51．．．外部資料，第二資料記錄51. . . External data
511．．．資料記錄的產生511. . . Data record generation
53．．．資料庫的使用者53. . . Database user
54．．．使用者曲線54. . . User curve
7．．．認證中心7. . . Certification Center
81．．．通用資料庫，其具有通用及/或公開已知的資訊81. . . Universal database with general and/or publicly known information
82．．．用於輸出資料的內部資料庫82. . . Internal database for outputting data
9．．．電腦施行系統9. . . Computer implementation system
91．．．記錄模組91. . . Recording module
92．．．估算模組92. . . Estimation module
93．．．儲存模組93. . . Storage module
Claims (24)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US4257208P | 2008-04-04 | 2008-04-04 | |
| CH5432008A CH702923B1 (en) | 2008-04-05 | 2008-04-05 | Detecting and quantifying emissions in the manufacture of textile products. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW200945093A TW200945093A (en) | 2009-11-01 |
| TWI467405B true TWI467405B (en) | 2015-01-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW98109447A TWI467405B (en) | 2008-04-04 | 2009-03-24 | Method and computer-implemented system for minimizing and quantifying emissions in the chain of manufacture of textile products |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2274714A1 (en) |
| CH (1) | CH702923B1 (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI467405B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009121714A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE102022207795A1 (en) | 2022-07-28 | 2024-02-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for determining and improving environmental indicators for the production of a product |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030070414A1 (en) * | 2001-04-06 | 2003-04-17 | Romeo Pohn | Exchangable machine components of a spinning machine with identification recongnition and a system for quality controls |
| TW200305811A (en) * | 2001-12-28 | 2003-11-01 | Kimberly Clark Co | Communication between machines and feed-forward control in event-based product manufacturing |
| TW200708738A (en) * | 2005-08-23 | 2007-03-01 | Taiwan Textile Res Inst | System and method for continuously evaluating an amount of gas adsorbed on materials |
-
2008
- 2008-04-05 CH CH5432008A patent/CH702923B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2009
- 2009-03-16 WO PCT/EP2009/053104 patent/WO2009121714A1/en active Application Filing
- 2009-03-16 EP EP09728003A patent/EP2274714A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2009-03-24 TW TW98109447A patent/TWI467405B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030070414A1 (en) * | 2001-04-06 | 2003-04-17 | Romeo Pohn | Exchangable machine components of a spinning machine with identification recongnition and a system for quality controls |
| TW200305811A (en) * | 2001-12-28 | 2003-11-01 | Kimberly Clark Co | Communication between machines and feed-forward control in event-based product manufacturing |
| TW200708738A (en) * | 2005-08-23 | 2007-03-01 | Taiwan Textile Res Inst | System and method for continuously evaluating an amount of gas adsorbed on materials |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2009121714A1 (en) | 2009-10-08 |
| TW200945093A (en) | 2009-11-01 |
| EP2274714A1 (en) | 2011-01-19 |
| CH702923B1 (en) | 2011-10-14 |
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