TWI467356B - Rectifier regulator - Google Patents
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- TWI467356B TWI467356B TW102104929A TW102104929A TWI467356B TW I467356 B TWI467356 B TW I467356B TW 102104929 A TW102104929 A TW 102104929A TW 102104929 A TW102104929 A TW 102104929A TW I467356 B TWI467356 B TW I467356B
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Description
本發明係關於一種整流穩壓器，尤指一種適用於降低機車引擎負荷之整流穩壓器。The present invention relates to a rectifying voltage regulator, and more particularly to a rectifying voltage regulator suitable for reducing the load of a locomotive engine.
請參照圖1，一種傳統應用於機車上的整流穩壓器，當機車引擎1帶動發電機2同步旋轉時，發電機2則會輸出交流電壓，接著整流電路3的輸入端X、Y、Z連接發電機2以輸入交流電壓，以及整流電路3輸出直流電壓供給電池4充電及負載5使用。Referring to FIG. 1 , a rectifier voltage regulator conventionally applied to a locomotive. When the locomotive engine 1 drives the generator 2 to rotate synchronously, the generator 2 outputs an AC voltage, and then the input terminals X, Y, and Z of the rectifier circuit 3 The generator 2 is connected to input an AC voltage, and the rectifier circuit 3 outputs a DC voltage to supply the battery 4 for charging and the load 5 to be used.
其中整流電路3的輸入端X、Y、Z以及輸出負端W連接矽控整流電路7，並透過控制器6以控制矽控整流電路7的導通與否。整流電路3包含六個二極體，分別為第一二極體91、第二二極體92、第三二極體93、第四二極體94、第五二極體95及第六二極體96，第一及第二二極體串接，第三及第四二極體串接，第五及第六二極體串接，串接之後再將此三串接並聯以形成整流電路3。The input terminals X, Y, Z and the output negative terminal W of the rectifier circuit 3 are connected to the voltage-controlled rectifier circuit 7, and are transmitted through the controller 6 to control whether the voltage-controlled rectifier circuit 7 is turned on or off. The rectifier circuit 3 includes six diodes, which are a first diode 91, a second diode 92, a third diode 93, a fourth diode 94, a fifth diode 95, and a sixth The pole body 96 has the first and second diodes connected in series, the third and fourth diodes are connected in series, and the fifth and sixth diodes are connected in series. After the series connection, the three series are connected in parallel to form a rectification. Circuit 3.
而矽控整流電路7包含三個二極體，分別為第七二極體73、第八二極體72及第九二極體71，第七、第八及第九二極體的正端連接整流電路3的輸入端X、Y、Z及第七、第八及第九二極體的負端連接整流電路3的輸出負 端W以形成矽控整流電路7。The 矽-controlled rectifier circuit 7 includes three diodes, which are a seventh diode 63, an eighth diode 72, and a ninth diode 71, and the positive ends of the seventh, eighth, and ninth diodes. The input terminals X, Y, Z connected to the rectifier circuit 3 and the negative terminals of the seventh, eighth and ninth diodes are connected to the output of the rectifier circuit 3 The terminal W is formed to form a voltage controlled rectifier circuit 7.
而控制器6連接整流電路3的輸出正端D以量測輸出之直流電壓及連接矽控整流電路7的開關A、開關B及開關C以分別控制第七、第八及第九二極體的開關導通與否。The controller 6 is connected to the output positive terminal D of the rectifier circuit 3 to measure the output DC voltage and the switch A, the switch B and the switch C connected to the controlled rectifier circuit 7 to respectively control the seventh, eighth and ninth diodes The switch is turned on or off.
請同時參照圖2，圖2為圖1習知整流穩壓器之電壓波形示意圖。當控制器6量測整流電路3的輸出正端D輸出直流電壓達到一電壓值(如圖2之H點)時，控制器6分別控制開關A、開關B及開關C進行導通，使得發電機2輸出短路(如圖2虛線所示)而造成機車引擎1負荷增加，同時如此反覆切換操作下，也使得電池4進行充電放電等重複動作進而造成電池容量衰減以及電池4壽命縮短等問題。Please refer to FIG. 2 at the same time. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of voltage waveforms of the conventional rectifier voltage regulator of FIG. When the controller 6 measures the output positive terminal D of the rectifier circuit 3 to output a DC voltage to a voltage value (as shown in point H of FIG. 2), the controller 6 controls the switch A, the switch B, and the switch C to conduct respectively, so that the generator 2 The output short circuit (shown by the dashed line in FIG. 2) causes the load of the locomotive engine 1 to increase, and at the same time, the battery 4 performs repeated operations such as charging and discharging, thereby causing problems such as battery capacity attenuation and shortened battery life.
發明人爰因於此，本於積極創作之精神，亟思一種可以解決上述問題之整流穩壓器，幾經研究實驗終至完成此項之發明。Because of this, the inventor, in the spirit of active creation, thinks about a rectifying voltage regulator that can solve the above problems, and has completed research and experimentation to complete the invention.
本發明之主要目的在提供一種整流穩壓器，用於降低機車引擎負荷，其包括：一整流電路、一直流穩壓電路及一控制器。The main object of the present invention is to provide a rectifying voltage regulator for reducing locomotive engine load, which comprises: a rectifying circuit, a DC current stabilizing circuit and a controller.
上述整流電路，連接一發電機，用以將一交流電壓轉換成一直流電壓，上述整流電路具有一輸出正端及一輸出負端，用以輸出直流電壓。The rectifier circuit is connected to a generator for converting an AC voltage into a DC voltage. The rectifier circuit has an output positive terminal and an output negative terminal for outputting a DC voltage.
上述直流穩壓電路，具有一輸入正端及一輸入 負端以分別連接整流電路的輸出正端及輸出負端，用以將直流電壓經由直流穩壓電路的一輸出正端輸出一負載電壓，直流穩壓電路的一輸出負端連接直流穩壓電路的輸出負端。The above DC voltage stabilizing circuit has an input positive terminal and an input The negative terminal is respectively connected to the output positive terminal and the output negative terminal of the rectifier circuit for outputting a DC voltage to a load voltage through an output positive terminal of the DC voltage stabilization circuit, and an output negative terminal of the DC voltage stabilization circuit is connected to the DC voltage stabilization circuit The negative end of the output.
上述控制器，連接直流穩壓電路的輸出正端及一開關，用以控制開關及量測負載電壓。The controller is connected to the output positive terminal of the DC voltage regulator circuit and a switch for controlling the switch and measuring the load voltage.
其中，當控制器量測直流穩壓電路的輸出正端輸出負載電壓達到一定電壓值時，控制器控制開關以維持直流穩壓電路輸出此定電壓值。Wherein, when the controller measures the output positive voltage of the DC voltage stabilizing circuit to reach a certain voltage value, the controller controls the switch to maintain the DC voltage stabilizing circuit to output the constant voltage value.
上述整流電路包含六個二極體，分別為第一二極體、第二二極體、第三二極體、第四二極體、第五二極體及第六二極體，第一二極體的正端與第二二極體的負端相連接形成一第一串聯，第三二極體的正端與第四二極體的負端相連接形成一第二串聯，第五二極體的正端與第六二極體的負端相連接形成一第三串聯，第一串聯、第二串聯、第三串聯的負端相連接以形成整流電路的輸出正端及第一串聯、第二串聯、第三串聯的正端相連接以形成整流電路的輸出負端。The rectifier circuit includes six diodes, which are a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, a fourth diode, a fifth diode, and a sixth diode, respectively. The positive end of the diode is connected with the negative end of the second diode to form a first series, and the positive end of the third diode is connected with the negative end of the fourth diode to form a second series, the fifth The positive terminal of the diode is connected with the negative terminal of the sixth diode to form a third series, and the negative ends of the first series, the second series, and the third series are connected to form an output positive end of the rectifier circuit and the first The positive ends of the series, second series, and third series are connected to form an output negative terminal of the rectifier circuit.
上述直流穩壓電路包含一第七二極體、一場效電晶體及一電感，場效電晶體的源極連接第七二極體的負端及電感的一端，場效電晶體的汲極連接整流電路的輸出正端，場效電晶體的閘極連接控制器以當作開關，第七二極體的正端連接整流電路的輸出負端，電感的另一端連接控制器。The DC voltage stabilizing circuit comprises a seventh diode, a field effect transistor and an inductor. The source of the field effect transistor is connected to the negative terminal of the seventh diode and the end of the inductor, and the drain connection of the field effect transistor The positive terminal of the rectifier circuit, the gate of the field effect transistor is connected to the controller as a switch, the positive terminal of the seventh diode is connected to the output negative terminal of the rectifier circuit, and the other end of the inductor is connected to the controller.
此外，電感之電感值可為10微亨利或任何數 值。In addition, the inductance of the inductor can be 10 micro-Henry or any number value.
另外，場效電晶體可為一n通道增強型場效電晶體或任何等效n通道增強型場效電晶體之裝置。Alternatively, the field effect transistor can be an n-channel enhancement type field effect transistor or any equivalent n-channel enhancement type field effect transistor device.
此外，開關可為一脈衝寬度調變器或任何等效於脈衝寬度調變器之裝置。Additionally, the switch can be a pulse width modulator or any device equivalent to a pulse width modulator.
再者，定電壓值可為14.2伏特或負載所需之任何電壓。Furthermore, the constant voltage value can be 14.2 volts or any voltage required by the load.
藉此，本發明之整流穩壓器，用於降低機車引擎負荷之整流穩壓器，可將直流穩壓電路設計為定電壓輸出模式，不管引擎及發電機轉速為何，其直流穩壓電路輸出恆定，且此時並無因為發電機電壓過高而須將發電機輸出短路而造成機車引擎不必要的負荷提高，其直流穩壓電路輸出電流取決於負載需求，以及當下對電池充電及提供負載電流。Thereby, the rectifier voltage regulator of the invention is used for reducing the load voltage regulator of the engine load of the locomotive, and the DC voltage regulator circuit can be designed as a constant voltage output mode, regardless of the engine and the generator speed, the DC voltage regulator circuit output. Constant, and there is no need to short-circuit the generator output due to the generator voltage being too high, resulting in unnecessary load increase of the locomotive engine. The output current of the DC voltage regulator circuit depends on the load demand, and the battery is currently charged and the load is provided. Current.
1、10‧‧‧機車引擎1, 10‧‧‧ locomotive engine
2、20‧‧‧發電機2, 20‧‧‧ generator
3、30‧‧‧整流電路3, 30‧‧‧Rectifier circuit
4、40‧‧‧電池4, 40‧‧‧ battery
5、50‧‧‧負載5, 50‧‧‧ load
6、60‧‧‧控制器6, 60‧‧‧ controller
7‧‧‧矽控整流電路7‧‧‧矽Controlled rectifier circuit
80‧‧‧直流穩壓電路80‧‧‧DC voltage regulator circuit
31、32、33、34、35、36、71、72、73、81、91、92、93、94、95、96‧‧‧二極體31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 71, 72, 73, 81, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96‧‧ ‧ diode
82‧‧‧場效電晶體82‧‧‧ Field Effect Crystal
83‧‧‧電感83‧‧‧Inductance
圖1係一習知整流穩壓器之示意圖。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional rectifier regulator.
圖2係圖1習知整流穩壓器之電壓波形示意圖。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a voltage waveform of a conventional rectifier regulator of FIG. 1. FIG.
圖3係本發明一整流穩壓器之較佳實施例之示意圖。3 is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of a rectifier voltage regulator of the present invention.
圖4A係圖3本發明一整流穩壓器之較佳實施例之開路電壓波形示意圖。4A is a schematic diagram showing the waveform of an open circuit voltage of a preferred embodiment of a rectifying voltage regulator of the present invention.
圖4B係圖3本發明一整流穩壓器之較佳實施例之負載電壓波形示意圖。4B is a schematic diagram of a load voltage waveform of a preferred embodiment of a rectifier regulator of the present invention.
請參閱圖3，其為本發明一整流穩壓器之較佳實施例之示意圖。本實施例為一種整流穩壓器，用於降低機車引擎負荷，其包括：一整流電路30、一直流穩壓電路80及一控制器60。Please refer to FIG. 3, which is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of a rectifying voltage regulator of the present invention. This embodiment is a rectifying voltage regulator for reducing the engine load of the locomotive. The utility model comprises: a rectifying circuit 30, a DC voltage stabilizing circuit 80 and a controller 60.
如圖3所示，機車引擎10連接發電機20，用以產生交流電壓，整流電路30透過輸入端I、J、K連接發電機20，用以將交流電壓轉換成直流電壓Vdc，整流電路30具有輸出正端U及輸出負端V，用以輸出直流電壓Vdc。整流電路30包含六個二極體，用以將交流電壓轉換成直流電壓Vdc，分別為第一二極體31、第二二極體32、第三二極體33、第四二極體34、第五二極體35及第六二極體36，第一二極體31的正端與第二二極體32的負端相連接形成一第一串聯，第三二極體33的正端與第四二極體34的負端相連接形成一第二串聯，第五二極體35的正端與第六二極體36的負端相連接形成一第三串聯，第一、第二及第三串聯的負端相連接以形成整流電路30的輸出正端U及第一、第二及第三串聯的正端相連接以形成整流電路30的輸出負端V。As shown in FIG. 3, the locomotive engine 10 is connected to the generator 20 for generating an AC voltage, and the rectifier circuit 30 is connected to the generator 20 through the input terminals I, J, and K for converting the AC voltage into a DC voltage Vdc, and the rectifier circuit 30 The output positive terminal U and the output negative terminal V are used to output a DC voltage Vdc. The rectifier circuit 30 includes six diodes for converting the alternating current voltage into a direct current voltage Vdc, which is a first diode 31, a second diode 32, a third diode 33, and a fourth diode 34, respectively. The fifth diode 35 and the sixth diode 36, the positive end of the first diode 31 is connected to the negative end of the second diode 32 to form a first series, and the third diode 33 is positive. The terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the fourth diode 34 to form a second series. The positive terminal of the fifth diode 35 is connected to the negative terminal of the sixth diode 36 to form a third series. The negative terminals of the second and third series are connected to form an output positive terminal U of the rectifier circuit 30 and a positive terminal of the first, second and third series connections to form an output negative terminal V of the rectifier circuit 30.
直流穩壓電路80具有一輸入正端及一輸入負端，分別連接整流電路30的輸出正端U及輸出負端V，用以將直流電壓Vdc經由直流穩壓電路80的輸出正端F輸出負載電壓VL，直流穩壓電路80的輸出負端連接直流穩壓電路80的輸入負端，直流穩壓電路80包含一第七二極體81、 一場效電晶體82及一電感83，場效電晶體82的源極連接第七二極體81的負端及電感的一端，場效電晶體82的汲極連接整流電路30的輸出正端U，該場效電晶體82的閘極連接控制器60以當作一開關E，第七二極體81的正端連接整流電路30的輸出負端V，電感83的另一端為輸出正端F並連接控制器60，電感之電感值為10微亨利，場效電晶體為一n通道增強型場效電晶體，該開關E為一脈衝寬度調變器。The DC voltage stabilizing circuit 80 has an input positive terminal and an input negative terminal respectively connected to the output positive terminal U and the output negative terminal V of the rectifier circuit 30 for outputting the DC voltage Vdc via the output positive terminal F of the DC voltage stabilization circuit 80. The load voltage VL, the output negative terminal of the DC voltage stabilizing circuit 80 is connected to the input negative terminal of the DC voltage stabilizing circuit 80, and the DC voltage stabilizing circuit 80 includes a seventh diode 81, An effect transistor 82 and an inductor 83, the source of the field effect transistor 82 is connected to the negative terminal of the seventh diode 81 and one end of the inductor, and the drain terminal of the field effect transistor 82 is connected to the output positive terminal U of the rectifier circuit 30. The gate of the field effect transistor 82 is connected to the controller 60 as a switch E. The positive terminal of the seventh diode 81 is connected to the output negative terminal V of the rectifier circuit 30, and the other end of the inductor 83 is the output positive terminal F. And connected to the controller 60, the inductance value of the inductance is 10 micro Henry, the field effect transistor is an n channel enhanced field effect transistor, and the switch E is a pulse width modulator.
控制器60連接直流穩壓電路80的輸出正端F及開關E，用以控制開關E及量測負載電壓VL。The controller 60 is connected to the output positive terminal F and the switch E of the DC voltage stabilizing circuit 80 for controlling the switch E and measuring the load voltage VL.
其中，當控制器60量測直流穩壓電路80的輸出正端F輸出負載電壓VL達到一定電壓值時，控制器60控制開關E以維持直流穩壓電路80輸出此定電壓值，而此定電壓值為14.2伏特。When the controller 60 measures the output positive terminal F of the DC voltage stabilizing circuit 80 and the output load voltage VL reaches a certain voltage value, the controller 60 controls the switch E to maintain the DC voltage stabilizing circuit 80 to output the constant voltage value. The voltage value is 14.2 volts.
例如，當機車引擎10帶動發電機20同步旋轉，而發電機20產生反電動勢後再使用整流電路30將交流電壓轉換成直流電壓Vdc，而直流電壓Vdc經由直流穩壓電路80的輸出正端F輸出負載電壓VL，以輸出給電池充電及供給負載使用，當控制器60量測直流穩壓電路80的輸出正端F輸出負載電壓VL達到一定電壓值14.2伏特時，控制器60控制開關E(脈衝寬度調變器)以維持直流穩壓電路80輸出此定電壓值。For example, when the locomotive engine 10 drives the generator 20 to rotate synchronously, and the generator 20 generates a counter electromotive force, the rectifier circuit 30 is used to convert the AC voltage into a DC voltage Vdc, and the DC voltage Vdc is output via the output terminal F of the DC regulator circuit 80. The load voltage VL is outputted for output to the battery charging and supply load. When the controller 60 measures the output positive terminal F of the DC voltage stabilizing circuit 80 and the output load voltage VL reaches a certain voltage value of 14.2 volts, the controller 60 controls the switch E ( The pulse width modulator) maintains the DC voltage stabilizing circuit 80 to output the constant voltage value.
請同時參照圖4A及圖4B，其分別為圖3本發明一整流穩壓器之較佳實施例之開路電壓波形示意圖及圖 3本發明一整流穩壓器之較佳實施例之負載電壓波形示意圖。由圖4A及圖4B可得知，本發明整流穩壓器於有無負載的狀況下，可經由控制器60量測直流穩壓電路80輸出的定電壓值並控制開關E以維持輸出此定電壓值。Please refer to FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B simultaneously, which are schematic diagrams and diagrams of the open circuit voltage waveforms of the preferred embodiment of the rectifier voltage regulator of the present invention. 3 is a schematic diagram of a load voltage waveform of a preferred embodiment of a rectifying voltage regulator of the present invention. 4A and 4B, the rectifier voltage regulator of the present invention can measure the constant voltage value output by the DC voltage stabilization circuit 80 via the controller 60 and control the switch E to maintain the output voltage. value.
表1為習知整流穩壓器與本發明整流穩壓器之比較，其中直流穩壓電路80取代了矽控整流電路7來穩定直流電壓值，不管機車引擎10及發電機20轉速為何，其負載輸出恆定在14.2伏特左右，並無因為發電機20電壓過高而需要將發電機20輸出短路而造成機車引擎10不必要的負荷提高，且直流穩壓器80輸出負載電流VL取決於負載需求以及當下對電池充電及供給負載電流，同時也可明顯看出本發明之整流穩壓器的系統效率(PL/Pm)增加以及引擎供給發電機轉矩下降。Table 1 is a comparison between a conventional rectifier regulator and a rectifier regulator of the present invention, wherein the DC regulator circuit 80 replaces the pilot rectifier circuit 7 to stabilize the DC voltage value regardless of the rotational speed of the locomotive engine 10 and the generator 20, The load output is constant at about 14.2 volts. There is no need to short-circuit the output of the generator 20 due to the excessive voltage of the generator 20, resulting in an unnecessary load increase of the locomotive engine 10, and the output voltage VL of the DC regulator 80 is dependent on the load demand. As well as charging the battery and supplying the load current, it is also apparent that the system efficiency (PL/Pm) of the rectifier regulator of the present invention increases and the engine supply generator torque decreases.
上述實施例僅係為了方便說明而舉例而已，本 發明所主張之權利範圍自應以申請專利範圍所述為準，而非僅限於上述實施例。The above embodiments are merely examples for convenience of explanation. The scope of the claims is intended to be limited only by the scope of the claims.
10‧‧‧機車引擎10‧‧‧Motorcycle engine
20‧‧‧發電機20‧‧‧Generator
30‧‧‧整流電路30‧‧‧Rectifier circuit
40‧‧‧電池40‧‧‧Battery
50‧‧‧負載50‧‧‧ load
60‧‧‧控制器60‧‧‧ Controller
80‧‧‧直流穩壓電路80‧‧‧DC voltage regulator circuit
31、32、33、34、35、36、81‧‧‧二極體31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 81‧‧ ‧ diodes
82‧‧‧場效電晶體82‧‧‧ Field Effect Crystal
83‧‧‧電感83‧‧‧Inductance
Claims (6)
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|---|---|---|---|
| TW102104929A TWI467356B (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2013-02-07 | Rectifier regulator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW102104929A TWI467356B (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2013-02-07 | Rectifier regulator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW201432405A TW201432405A (en) | 2014-08-16 |
| TWI467356B true TWI467356B (en) | 2015-01-01 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW102104929A TWI467356B (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2013-02-07 | Rectifier regulator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| TW (1) | TWI467356B (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW200506189A (en) * | 2003-05-21 | 2005-02-16 | Mikuni Kogyo Kk | Control apparatus of vehicular power supply and vehicular power supply apparatus |
| TW200625776A (en) * | 2004-07-30 | 2006-07-16 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Power supply apparatus |
| CN101702532A (en) * | 2009-11-26 | 2010-05-05 | 芜湖国睿兆伏电子股份有限公司 | Charge controller of wind turbine generator and control method thereof |
| TW201125274A (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2011-07-16 | Chien-Kun Liu | Phase synchronous power controller and power supply |
| CN202524301U (en) * | 2012-05-02 | 2012-11-07 | 浙江日风电气有限公司 | Grid-connected inverter of wind-driven generator |
| CN202617058U (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2012-12-19 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Rectification and voltage stabilization power supply apparatus of underground turbine generator |
-
2013
- 2013-02-07 TW TW102104929A patent/TWI467356B/en active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW200506189A (en) * | 2003-05-21 | 2005-02-16 | Mikuni Kogyo Kk | Control apparatus of vehicular power supply and vehicular power supply apparatus |
| TW200625776A (en) * | 2004-07-30 | 2006-07-16 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Power supply apparatus |
| CN101702532A (en) * | 2009-11-26 | 2010-05-05 | 芜湖国睿兆伏电子股份有限公司 | Charge controller of wind turbine generator and control method thereof |
| TW201125274A (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2011-07-16 | Chien-Kun Liu | Phase synchronous power controller and power supply |
| CN202617058U (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2012-12-19 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Rectification and voltage stabilization power supply apparatus of underground turbine generator |
| CN202524301U (en) * | 2012-05-02 | 2012-11-07 | 浙江日风电气有限公司 | Grid-connected inverter of wind-driven generator |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW201432405A (en) | 2014-08-16 |
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