TWI457623B - Structure of heat-insulation light-guide film and apparatus - Google Patents
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本發明涉及一種隔熱光導膜結構及其裝置，特別是提出一種利用多層膜結構的原理，配合表面微結構，而產生隔熱與光導功能的光學膜結構。The invention relates to a heat insulating light guiding film structure and a device thereof, in particular to an optical film structure which utilizes the principle of a multilayer film structure and cooperates with a surface microstructure to generate heat insulating and light guiding functions.
一般常見的多層膜係由複數層折射率相異的薄膜疊合而組成的，透過複數層薄膜的搭配，可以產生不多的功效，比如隔熱、濾光、偏光、防炫光等效果，由多層不用材料的薄膜所構成，主要成份為高分子聚合物。Generally, a multi-layer film is composed of a plurality of layers of different refractive index films, and a plurality of films can be combined to produce a small amount of effects, such as heat insulation, filtering, polarizing, anti-glare, and the like. It is composed of a plurality of films without materials, and the main component is a high molecular polymer.
以隔熱效果為例，隔熱膜是以反射或吸收太陽熱能為手段達成隔熱的效果，主要是透過複數層薄膜內特殊材質產生反射或是吸收紅外線的目的，比如在多層膜之表面形成金屬反射塗層，金屬成份如銀、鈦，鐵，鋁等，能直接把能量反射出室外，此類反射隔熱方式雖然可以阻隔太陽熱能，但同時導致室內反光。若以吸收太陽熱能為手段，熱可能會堆積在隔熱膜內，並可能二次放熱，造成隔熱效果不彰的問題。Taking the heat insulation effect as an example, the heat insulation film achieves the effect of heat insulation by reflecting or absorbing solar heat energy, mainly by reflecting or absorbing infrared rays through a special material in a plurality of layers of film, for example, forming on the surface of the multilayer film. Metal reflective coatings, such as silver, titanium, iron, aluminum, etc., can directly reflect energy out of the room. Although such reflection heat insulation can block solar heat, it also causes indoor reflection. If the solar heat is absorbed, the heat may accumulate in the heat-insulating film and may cause heat to be released twice, resulting in a problem of poor heat insulation.
隔熱膜之相關前案可參考公告於2011年8月1日的中華民國專利第I346215號所揭露的一種奈米結構光學隔熱膜片，所提出的光學隔熱膜片為在備置的基材上形成奈米結構層與金屬層，其中金屬層即用於光線照射時阻絕紅外線以達到隔熱效果，此案提及金屬層之材質係為金、銀、鋁、鎳、銅、鉻、氧化錫及氧化銦錫(ITO)之其中一者。此類利用金屬材料達到阻絕紅外線的隔熱手段即可能造成 堆積熱能的問題。For a related example of the heat-insulating film, reference may be made to a nanostructure optical insulating film disclosed in the Republic of China Patent No. I346215 of August 1, 2011, the proposed optical insulating film is provided at the base. The nanostructure layer and the metal layer are formed on the material, wherein the metal layer is used for blocking the infrared rays to achieve the heat insulation effect when the light is irradiated, and the material of the metal layer is gold, silver, aluminum, nickel, copper, chromium, One of tin oxide and indium tin oxide (ITO). Such use of metal materials to achieve infrared insulation means that may cause The problem of accumulating heat.
就導光的效果而言，一般多層膜結構導光的方式即透過其中多層不同折射率的薄膜轉變光的路徑，但並無有效將室外光透過導光的方式形成照明的用途的解決方案。In terms of the effect of light guiding, the way in which the multilayer film structure is guided by light is a path through which a plurality of films of different refractive indices are converted into light, but there is no solution for effectively illuminating the outdoor light through the light guide.
為提供兼具隔熱與導光效果的多層膜結構，本發明提出一種隔熱光導膜結構及其裝置，利用多層膜結構的設計，並配合表面結構產生光學特性，達成隔熱並同時具有導光功能的結構。根據揭露書所描述的實施方式，具有多層膜結構可有效反射紅外線波段，利用干涉原理反射紅外線，可具有隔熱的效果，且與市面添加金屬氧化物來吸收紅外線的原理不同，熱量不會堆積於多層膜結構內，也不會再放熱。In order to provide a multilayer film structure having both heat insulation and light guiding effects, the present invention provides a heat insulating light guiding film structure and a device thereof, which utilizes the design of a multilayer film structure and produces optical characteristics in combination with the surface structure to achieve heat insulation and at the same time have a guide. The structure of the light function. According to the embodiment described in the disclosure, the multi-layer film structure can effectively reflect the infrared band, and the infrared light can be reflected by the interference principle, which can have the effect of heat insulation, and is different from the principle of adding metal oxide to absorb infrared rays in the market, and heat does not accumulate. In the multilayer film structure, there is no heat release.
根據發明實施例，隔熱光導膜結構的主要結構有由複數層高分子聚合物材料薄膜組成的多層膜膜體，特別的是，其中相鄰的薄膜具有不同的折射率，透過調整多層膜膜體的材料成份與厚度控制欲反射之光波段；隔熱光導膜結構再包括與多層膜膜體相結合的表面結構層，表面結構層用以引導入射至此隔熱光導膜結構的光線的路徑。上述多層膜膜體與表面結構層可以使用一膠體相結合。隔熱光導膜結構更在上述兩個元件間提供一基材。According to an embodiment of the invention, the main structure of the heat insulating light guiding film structure has a multilayer film body composed of a plurality of layers of high molecular polymer material film, in particular, wherein adjacent films have different refractive indices, and the multilayer film is adjusted through the multilayer film. The material composition and thickness of the body control the light band to be reflected; the heat insulating light guiding film structure further comprises a surface structure layer combined with the multilayer film body for guiding the path of light incident to the heat insulating light guiding film structure. The multilayer film body and the surface structure layer may be combined using a colloid. The thermally insulating light-guide film structure further provides a substrate between the two components.
在其中結構特徵，透過調整上述多層膜膜體的材料成份與厚度阻絕一紅外線光線，並可能透過一延伸製程形成各方向折射率差的偏光性。上述表面結構層之剖面較佳呈現一幾何形狀，延伸在整個基材表面上，並為延伸在其表 面上的柱狀結構。而此柱狀結構可為單一或混合複數種型式的柱狀結構。In the structural feature, the infrared light is blocked by adjusting the material composition and thickness of the multilayer film body, and the polarization of the refractive index difference in each direction may be formed through an extension process. The cross-section of the surface structural layer preferably exhibits a geometric shape extending over the entire surface of the substrate and extending over the surface thereof The columnar structure on the surface. The columnar structure may be a single or mixed plurality of columnar structures.
在另一實施例中，上述多層膜膜體可由一或複數個具有個別功能的多層膜模組組成，各多層膜模組由複數層相鄰不同折射率的薄膜所組成。In another embodiment, the multilayer film film body may be composed of one or more multilayer film modules having individual functions, and each of the multilayer film modules is composed of a plurality of layers of films of different refractive indices.
上述隔熱光導膜結構亦可形成在另一載體上的結構，因此形成的裝置如窗戶。其中隔熱光導膜結構與載體之結合可以表面結構層之側貼附於載體，而表面結構層與載體間的空隙填有一低折射率膠，比如是一具有特定光學特性的氣體，可藉此產生隔熱或是隔絕特定光波段的效果。The above-mentioned heat-insulating light-guide film structure can also be formed on another carrier, thus forming a device such as a window. Wherein the combination of the insulating light-guiding film structure and the carrier may be attached to the carrier on the side of the surface structure layer, and the gap between the surface structure layer and the carrier is filled with a low refractive index glue, such as a gas having specific optical characteristics, thereby Produces insulation or isolates specific light bands.
揭露書描述一種隔熱光導膜結構與應用此結構的裝置，其中隔熱光導膜結構之主體包括有一多層膜結構，主要由複數層高分子聚合物互相堆疊形成，透過複數層相鄰不同折射率的薄膜的組合，使得此多層膜結構實現為不同功能的功能膜，特別是能有效反射紅外線的隔熱功能。The disclosure describes a heat-insulating light-guide film structure and a device using the same, wherein the body of the heat-insulating light-guiding film structure comprises a multi-layer film structure, which is mainly formed by stacking a plurality of layers of high-molecular polymers, and transmitting different refractive indices through a plurality of layers. The combination of the films enables the multilayer film structure to be realized as a functional film of different functions, in particular, an insulating function capable of effectively reflecting infrared rays.
第一實施例：First embodiment:
隔熱光導膜結構之主要實施態樣可參考圖1所示之結構示意圖。For the main implementation of the thermal insulation film structure, reference may be made to the structural diagram shown in FIG.
圖中顯示有一組合複數層多層膜形成的一個多層膜結構，比如由20至200層基礎薄膜堆疊而成，相鄰的薄膜具有不同的折射率，整體可為至少兩種折射率的薄膜(至少兩種材料)所組成，多層膜結構的厚度皆在可見光波長範圍內。其中包括有一表面結構層101與多層膜膜體103，膜體103結構因為組合複數層高分子聚合物薄膜而具有一定 的結構剛性，而其一側之表面形成具有一定表面微結構圖案的表面結構層101。The figure shows a multilayer film structure formed by combining a plurality of multilayer films, such as a stack of 20 to 200 base films, adjacent films having different refractive indices, and overall being at least two refractive index films (at least The composition of the two materials), the thickness of the multilayer film structure is in the visible wavelength range. The method includes a surface structure layer 101 and a multilayer film body 103. The structure of the film body 103 has a certain combination of a plurality of polymer film layers. The structure is rigid while the surface on one side forms a surface structure layer 101 having a surface microstructure pattern.
多層膜膜體103由不同折射率的材料相互交疊形成，透過多層膜的設計，可以產生隔熱、顏色變化(控制有色光穿透與反射)、偏光、消炫光，或是引導光線產生照明效果等的功能。The multilayer film body 103 is formed by overlapping materials of different refractive indexes, and the design of the multilayer film can generate heat insulation, color change (control of colored light penetration and reflection), polarization, glare, or guide light generation. Functions such as lighting effects.
其中隔熱的效果主要是因為本揭露書所提出的隔熱光導膜結構可不用添加特定成份來吸收特定波段的光線，而能以反射與干涉方式造成阻絕紅外線，或是抗紫外線的效果，同時僅讓可見光穿透。另更可利用多層膜或是染料製作出有顏色的多層膜膜體103。調整反射與干涉效果的方式是藉由此隔熱光導膜結構中多層膜膜體103的材料成份與厚度調整，實驗顯示可透過整體多層膜膜體103厚度的調整達到控制反射出去的光波段，亦可配合材料的調整產生反射特定波段光的效果。此隔熱光導膜結構並非吸收式，因此熱量不會堆積，無須添加任何吸收顆粒，而且偏光的效率高，防止眩光的功能強。The effect of heat insulation is mainly because the heat-insulating light-guide film structure proposed in the present disclosure can absorb specific light in a specific wavelength band without adding specific components, and can prevent infrared rays or ultraviolet rays by reflection and interference. Only let visible light penetrate. Further, a multi-layered film or body 103 can be used to produce a colored multilayer film body 103. The manner of adjusting the reflection and interference effects is to adjust the material composition and thickness of the multilayer film body 103 in the heat insulating light guiding film structure, and the experiment shows that the thickness of the integral multilayer film body 103 can be adjusted to control the reflected light band. It can also be used to adjust the material to produce the effect of reflecting light in a specific band. The heat-insulating light-guide film structure is not absorption type, so heat does not accumulate, no need to add any absorbing particles, and the efficiency of polarizing is high, and the function of preventing glare is strong.
膜體103可利用一共押出(co-extrusion)製程一次將複數層材料押出成型；或是利用貼合方式組成複數層薄膜的方式。表面結構層101的表面為具有特定圖案的微結構，製作方式可利用滾輪或是模板的壓印製程將圖案壓印在此多層膜膜體103之表面。其中包括在多層膜膜體103製作完成後，於表面壓印；或是透過共押出製程，與多層膜膜體103一次押出成型，再於製程之後半段透過壓印步驟在表面形成微結構；或先完成具有此表面結構的膜片，再與多層膜膜體103貼合而成。The film body 103 can be formed by extruding a plurality of layers of material at a time by a co-extrusion process, or by laminating a plurality of layers of film. The surface of the surface structure layer 101 is a microstructure having a specific pattern, and the pattern can be imprinted on the surface of the multilayer film body 103 by a stamping process of a roller or a template. The method comprises: after the multilayer film body 103 is completed, stamping on the surface; or through a co-extrusion process, forming the microstructure with the multilayer film body 103 at one time, and then forming a microstructure on the surface through the embossing step in the second half of the process; Alternatively, the film having the surface structure is completed, and then laminated to the multilayer film body 103.
表面結構層101的功能之一即是可以引導入射此隔熱光導膜結構的光線的路徑，比如改變入射至此隔熱光導膜結構的光線將被導引至另一特定方向，比如設有一光源(10)，產生的光線入設至此隔熱光導膜結構，經由表面結構層101與多層膜膜體103，形成折射光線(11,12)或是反射光線(13)。此隔熱光導膜結構可以設計出根據折射或反射光線的需求的結構。One of the functions of the surface structure layer 101 is to guide the path of light incident on the heat insulating light guiding film structure, such as changing the light incident to the heat insulating light guiding film structure to be guided to another specific direction, such as providing a light source ( 10) The generated light is introduced into the heat insulating light guiding film structure, and the refracted light (11, 12) or the reflected light (13) is formed via the surface structural layer 101 and the multilayer film body 103. This thermally insulating light-guide film structure can be designed to have a structure that is required to refract or reflect light.
較具建設性的實施例如：將室外光(陽光)導引至室內，甚至是導引到室內的上方，形成照明的效果。其他實施例更可配合室內所設置的光導(light guide)，讓光線有效被導引到需要光線的位置，比如可以透過光導平均分佈於室內天花板的位置，有效產生照明的功能。More constructive implementations such as directing outdoor light (sunlight) into the interior, or even directing it over the interior of the room, creating an illumination effect. Other embodiments can cooperate with the light guide provided in the room, so that the light can be effectively guided to a position where light is needed, for example, the light guide can be evenly distributed on the indoor ceiling to effectively generate the illumination function.
在此基本的隔熱光導膜結構中，具有複數層膜片交疊組合而成的多層膜膜體103，多層膜膜體103成型之後，可再施以一延伸製程，利用單軸(uniaxial stretch)或雙軸(biaxial stretch)的延伸製程，製作出具有偏光效果的多層膜結構。多層膜結構經過一單軸延伸製程，或是雙軸不對稱的延伸製程，產生各向改變材料折射率的效果，可以形成偏光性。In the basic heat-insulating optical film structure, the multi-layer film body 103 having a plurality of layers of film overlapped, after the multi-layer film body 103 is formed, an extension process can be applied, using a uniaxial stretch. Or a biaxial stretch extension process to produce a multilayer film structure with a polarizing effect. The multilayer film structure undergoes a uniaxial stretching process or a biaxial asymmetric stretching process to produce an effect of changing the refractive index of the material in each direction, thereby forming a polarizing property.
第二實施例：Second embodiment:
圖2顯示隔熱光導膜結構之另一實施例示意圖。此例之隔熱光導膜結構先備有一基材203，可為玻璃或高分子聚合物形成的基材，於基材203之一側(此例為光源20側)製作表面結構層201，表面結構層201較佳的是在製程中利用滾輪或模板壓印的方式在基材203表面上形成，這些結構產生的光學效果之用途之一為利用折射原理導引入射結 構的光線。連結表面結構層201與基材203的結合手段包括可藉一膠體結合，較佳為一種透明膠，比如一種受壓力產生黏性的感壓膠，或是受光固化貼合的光學膠。Figure 2 shows a schematic view of another embodiment of a thermally insulated light directing film structure. The heat-insulating light-guiding film structure of this example is provided with a substrate 203, which may be a substrate formed of glass or a polymer, and a surface structure layer 201 is formed on one side of the substrate 203 (in this case, the light source 20 side). The structural layer 201 is preferably formed on the surface of the substrate 203 by means of a roller or stencil imprinting in the process. One of the uses of the optical effect produced by these structures is to guide the incident junction by the principle of refraction. The light of the structure. The bonding means for bonding the surface structure layer 201 to the substrate 203 comprises a combination of a colloid, preferably a transparent adhesive, such as a pressure sensitive adhesive which is pressure-sensitive, or an optical adhesive which is cured by light curing.
此隔熱光導膜結構在基材203的另一側形成一組多層膜膜體205，多層膜膜體205由不同折射率的材料相互交疊形成，透過多層膜的設計，可以阻絕特定光波段的光線，以形成隔熱效果，更可透過多層膜的設計控制顏色變化，也就是控制有色光穿透與反射，另亦可達成偏光、消炫光，或是引導光線產生照明效果等的功能。一組多層膜膜體205可以透過共押出製程(co-extrusion process)一次押出成型，亦可逐層押出，最後貼合於基材203上，比如以光學膠、光固化等方式貼合。The heat insulating light guiding film structure forms a plurality of multilayer film body 205 on the other side of the substrate 203. The multilayer film body 205 is formed by overlapping materials of different refractive indices, and the specific optical band can be blocked by the design of the multilayer film. The light is used to form a heat-insulating effect, and the color change can be controlled through the design of the multi-layer film, that is, to control the penetration and reflection of colored light, and to achieve the functions of polarizing, glare, or guiding the light to produce illumination effects. . A plurality of multilayer film bodies 205 can be formed by one-time extrusion molding through a co-extrusion process, or can be extruded layer by layer, and finally adhered to the substrate 203, for example, by optical glue, photocuring, or the like.
圖中顯示光源20(如太陽)由表面結構層201之該側入射隔熱光導膜結構，入射的光線包括直接經過多層結構膜穿透過去的光線(21)，亦包括反射光線(23)與折射進入的光線(22)。The figure shows that the light source 20 (such as the sun) is incident on the side of the surface structure layer 201 to insulate the light-shielding film structure, and the incident light includes light (21) that penetrates directly through the multilayer structure film, and also includes reflected light (23) and Refraction of incoming light (22).
如前述實施例，此例之表面結構層201可有效引導光線，特別是由室外進入室內，特別是較上方，產生室內照明的效果，或是配合其他光導裝置來達成均勻照明的效果。隔熱的效果則可透過調整多層膜膜體205的材料成份與厚度，以控制欲反射之光波段，如紅外光的波段。As in the foregoing embodiment, the surface structure layer 201 of this example can effectively guide light, especially from the outside into the room, especially above, to produce the effect of indoor illumination, or to cooperate with other light guides to achieve uniform illumination. The effect of the heat insulation can be adjusted by adjusting the material composition and thickness of the multilayer film body 205 to control the wavelength band of light to be reflected, such as the infrared light band.
第三實施例：Third embodiment:
此例可參考圖3顯示的隔熱光導膜結構示意圖。隔熱光導膜結構包括設於表面上的表面結構層301，其主要功能是能有效將光導引至特定方向，而多層膜膜體32的部份則可模組化，也就是將一或多種功能的多層膜模組(303,305, 307)根據需求組合成為一個多層膜膜體32。For an example, the structure of the thermal insulation film shown in FIG. 3 can be referred to. The heat insulating light guiding film structure comprises a surface structural layer 301 disposed on the surface, the main function of which is to effectively guide the light to a specific direction, and the portion of the multilayer film body 32 can be modularized, that is, one or Multi-function multilayer module (303, 305, 307) Combine into a multilayer film body 32 as required.
此例之多層膜膜體32中包括有第一多層膜模組303、第二多層膜模組305與第三多層膜模組307，各多層膜模組同樣是透過疊合複數層相鄰不同折射率的薄膜所組成，透過厚度與各層材料(折射率)的設計產生隔絕或通過特定波段的光的功能，包括產生隔熱、顏色變化、偏光、消炫光、導引光線等的效果，膜體32可以依據需求而由一或複數個個別具有特定功能的多層膜模組所組成，因此可以形成多種功能的膜體，包括同時具備隔絕熱、偏光性與/或阻絕多種光波段的光線等。各多層膜模組同樣可以共押出製程押出成型，或是逐層產生，之後貼合而成。透過多種功能的多層膜模組的設計，可產生過濾特定光波段、偏光、隔熱(如阻隔紅外光)等的效果。The multilayer film body 32 of this example includes a first multilayer film module 303, a second multilayer film module 305 and a third multilayer film module 307, and each of the multilayer film modules is also laminated through a plurality of layers. Adjacent to films of different refractive indices, the thickness and the material of each layer (refractive index) are designed to isolate or pass light of a specific wavelength band, including heat insulation, color change, polarization, glare, guiding light, etc. The film body 32 can be composed of one or more individual multilayer film modules having specific functions according to requirements, so that a plurality of functional film bodies can be formed, including simultaneously insulating heat, polarizing and/or blocking multiple lights. The light of the band, etc. Each of the multilayer film modules can also be extruded in a co-extrusion process, or layer by layer, and then laminated. Through the design of multi-function multi-layer membrane modules, it can produce effects such as filtering specific optical bands, polarizing, and heat insulation (such as blocking infrared light).
多層膜膜體32之表面設有表面結構層301，此結構層301的製作方式包括以下的方式，並且是適用於上述各多層膜結構的實施例中。The surface of the multilayer film body 32 is provided with a surface structure layer 301, which is formed in the following manner and is applicable to the embodiments of the above respective multilayer film structures.
製程包括可在完成的多層膜結構之一側利用塗布方式，將一高分子材料塗布於多層膜結構之表面，再利用壓印方式，以具有表面圖案的模板或是滾輪壓印成型；或可先形成具有此表面結構的膜片，之後以透明膠貼合於多層膜結構上，透明膠可為一種光學膠，如UV膠，可以光固化、熱固化方式定型與黏合結構。The process includes coating a polymer material on the surface of the multilayer film structure by using a coating method on one side of the completed multilayer film structure, and then using an imprint method to imprint the template with a surface pattern or a roller; or The film having the surface structure is formed first, and then adhered to the multilayer film structure with a transparent glue. The transparent glue can be an optical glue, such as UV glue, which can be shaped and bonded by photocuring and heat curing.
圖3所示的實施例中，表面結構層301與多層膜膜體32之間亦可設有一基材(未顯示於圖3)，基材與各層膜的材質多係為熱塑性之高分子聚合物，如聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(Poly(Methyl methacrylate)，PMMA)、聚碳酸酯樹脂( Polycarbonate，PC)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯聚苯乙烯((Methyl methacrylate)Styrene，MS)及聚苯乙烯(PolyStyrene，PS)，並聚苯二甲酸二乙酯(Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate)，PET)，聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯(Poly(Ethylene Naphthalate)，PEN)，聚丙烯(Polypropylene，PP)等組成的材料群組中之至少一種材料或其共聚合物體，但不以上述為限。在此所述的材料可適用於上述各實施例所揭露的隔熱光導膜結構的各層結構中。In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, a substrate (not shown in FIG. 3) may be disposed between the surface structure layer 301 and the multilayer film body 32. The material of the substrate and each layer is thermoplastic polymer polymerization. Such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate resin ( Polycarbonate, PC), Methyl methacrylate Styrene (MS) and Polystyrene (PS), and Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate), PET At least one material of a group consisting of polyethylene (Ethylene Naphthalate), PEN, polypropylene, PP, or the like, or a copolymer thereof, but not limited to the above. The materials described herein can be applied to the various layer structures of the thermally insulating light guiding film structure disclosed in the above embodiments.
上述各實施例可應用製作其中多層膜結構的共押出製程，將隔熱光導膜結構中多層高分子聚合物材料膜透過一延伸製程對材料進行單軸或雙軸延伸，可以在高分子聚合物材料的各光學膜層之間形成各方向有折射率差的效果，使得此隔熱光導膜結構中膜具有平面上X,Y兩個方向不同折射率之特性，或與垂直Z方向有不同折射率的特性。利用延伸製程對形成雙折射材料層的材料作雙軸之延伸，其中可以用逐次雙軸延伸縱向(MD)延伸數倍，橫向(TD)延伸數倍，也可以用同時雙軸延伸縱向與橫向延伸數倍，而延伸後之不同膜層具有一定的折射率差。The above embodiments can be applied to a co-extrusion process in which a multilayer film structure is formed, and the multilayer high molecular polymer material film in the heat insulating light guiding film structure is uniaxially or biaxially stretched through an elongation process, and can be polymerized in a polymer. The refractive index difference is formed in each direction between the optical film layers of the material, so that the film in the heat-insulating light-guide film structure has the characteristics of different refractive indices in the X and Y directions on the plane, or has different refraction from the vertical Z direction. The characteristics of the rate. The biaxial extension of the material forming the birefringent material layer is performed by an extension process, wherein the biaxial extension longitudinal direction (MD) may be extended several times, the lateral direction (TD) may be extended several times, or the simultaneous biaxial extension longitudinal and lateral directions may be used. The extension is several times, and the different layers after stretching have a certain refractive index difference.
接著如圖4A至圖4E等圖所示，隔熱光導膜結構的表面結構依據需求與適用環境，可有多種設計。Next, as shown in FIG. 4A to FIG. 4E and the like, the surface structure of the heat insulating light guiding film structure can be variously designed according to requirements and applicable environments.
圖4A至圖4E等圖所示的實施態樣顯示表面結構剖面大致呈現一幾何型式的結構，如三角形、多邊形等規則或不規則的幾何形狀，此剖面延伸出在結構表面上一整列的結構，也就是具有幾何形狀的結構體延伸於上述基材或多層膜膜體之表面。The embodiment shown in FIG. 4A to FIG. 4E and the like shows that the surface structure section substantially presents a geometrical structure, such as a regular or irregular geometric shape such as a triangle or a polygon, and the section extends out of a whole column structure on the surface of the structure. That is, the structural body having a geometric shape extends over the surface of the above substrate or multilayer film film body.
如圖4A，相對於垂直表面的法線(normal line)，由此 近似三角形的表面結構401的頂點為準，內部形成相對此法線的兩個角度(θ1 與θ2 )，其中光源40由形成角度θ1 的一邊進入表面結構401，形成與法線的角度θ4 。為了達成導引光線穿透並折射向上的效果，根據光路徑實驗的結果，材料折射率約1.5，其中若θ1 約18至30度角、θ2 較佳約19至27度角。此例有效將光線由一側(室外光)，經穿過基材403與多層膜膜體405的設計(包括厚度與各層、整體折射率)，導引至另一側(室內)之上方，比如穿透光線的角度與法線可有θ3 ，因此可以產生照明的效果。As shown in FIG. 4A, with respect to the normal line of the vertical surface, the apex of the approximately triangular surface structure 401 is taken as the standard, and the inside forms two angles (θ 1 and θ 2 ) with respect to the normal, wherein the light source 40 The surface structure 401 is entered by the side forming the angle θ 1 to form an angle θ 4 with the normal. In order to achieve the effect of guiding light penetration and refracting upward, the refractive index of the material is about 1.5 according to the results of the light path experiment, wherein if θ 1 is about 18 to 30 degrees, θ 2 is preferably about 19 to 27 degrees. This example effectively directs light from one side (outdoor light) through the design of the substrate 403 and the multilayer film body 405 (including thickness and layer, overall refractive index) to the other side (indoor). For example, the angle of penetration of light and the normal can have θ 3 , so the effect of illumination can be produced.
另有實施例在光源40有不同入射角度時，上述表面結構401的設計應有修改，如：若表面結構401內一邊與法線的夾角為θ1 約33至47度角，則θ2 較佳約15至25度角。In another embodiment, when the light source 40 has different incident angles, the design of the surface structure 401 should be modified. For example, if the angle between the side of the surface structure 401 and the normal is θ 1 of about 33 to 47 degrees, then θ 2 is Good about 15 to 25 degrees.
由於本揭露書所描述的隔熱光導膜結構可能設置於室外，如建築物外窗之表面，可能因為經年累月被室外環境的粒子所侵蝕而產生鈍化的結構，如圖4B顯示隔熱光導膜結構中有鈍化現象的表面結構401’，鈍化的結果可能導致改變此表面結構的特性，但根據實驗，若有適當清潔，這類變化並不會造成實質改變表面結構的光學特性的問題。實施例如圖4B所示，如表面結構401’的光學特性並未被影響太多，配合基材403與多層膜膜體405的設計，此隔熱光導膜結構仍能有效將光線導引進入室內。Since the thermal insulation film structure described in the present disclosure may be disposed outdoors, such as the surface of an exterior window of a building, it may be a passivated structure due to erosion by particles of the outdoor environment over the years, as shown in FIG. 4B showing the thermal insulation film structure. In the surface structure 401' with passivation, the result of passivation may result in changing the characteristics of the surface structure, but according to experiments, such changes do not cause a substantial change in the optical characteristics of the surface structure if properly cleaned. For example, as shown in FIG. 4B, if the optical characteristics of the surface structure 401' are not affected too much, and the design of the substrate 403 and the multilayer film body 405, the heat-insulating light-guide film structure can effectively guide the light into the room. .
接著如圖4C顯示的隔熱光導膜結構實施例，隔熱光導膜結構主要有表面結構402與多層膜膜體406，兩者可設於基材404之兩側，而此例之光源40由多層膜膜體406之側射向此隔熱光導膜結構。Next, as shown in FIG. 4C, the heat-insulating light-guiding film structure mainly has a surface structure 402 and a multilayer film body 406, which may be disposed on both sides of the substrate 404, and the light source 40 of this example is The side of the multilayer film body 406 is directed toward the heat insulating light guiding film structure.
圖中顯示的光線由光源40射入隔熱光導膜結構，經由多層膜膜體406、基材404的結構折射以後，射入表面結構402。圖式中表示有一垂直基材404表面的法線，而表面結構402剖面為近似三角形的幾何型式，法線經過其中三角形頂點，形成上下兩個夾角，如圖示的θ1 與θ2 。當光線穿透多層膜膜體406與基材404，經由夾角有θ1 的邊反射，再經夾角有θ2 的邊再一次折射，形成朝向上方的光線。The light shown in the figure is incident on the heat-insulating light-guiding film structure by the light source 40, and is refracted by the structure of the multilayer film body 406 and the substrate 404, and then incident on the surface structure 402. The figure shows a normal to the surface of the vertical substrate 404, and the surface structure 402 is sectioned to an approximately triangular geometry, with the normal passing through the vertices of the triangle forming the upper and lower angles, as shown by θ 1 and θ 2 . When the light penetrates the multilayer film body 406 and the substrate 404, it is reflected by the side having the angle θ 1 , and then refracted by the side having the angle θ 2 to form the light upward.
透過此例所示意描繪的光線軌跡，可以得知本揭露書所提出的隔熱光導膜結構可以有效將入射光導向另一邊的上方，以利照明的用途。Through the light trajectory depicted in this example, it can be seen that the heat-insulating light-guide film structure proposed in the present disclosure can effectively guide incident light to the other side to facilitate the use of illumination.
根據實驗值，圖4C所述的隔熱光導膜結構，其中表面結構中的較佳幾何樣態為：θ1 較佳約25至35度角、θ2 較佳約1至7度角。According to the experimental values, the thermally insulating light guiding film structure illustrated in Fig. 4C, wherein the preferred geometric form in the surface structure is: θ 1 is preferably about 25 to 35 degrees, and θ 2 is preferably about 1 to 7 degrees.
需要說明的是，上述幾種態樣的結構角度係依據所設的環境而改變，若光源為陽光，則將依據陽光入射的平均位置(如依照所處環境的地球緯度)進行改變；且可能會因為表面結構的材料的光學特性而改變，如折射率；為達到某種目的，表面結構的設計同樣也會考慮此表面結構所配合的多層膜結構產生的光學特性而改變。It should be noted that the structural angles of the above several aspects are changed according to the environment to be set. If the light source is sunlight, it will be changed according to the average position of sunlight incident (such as the earth latitude according to the environment); It will change due to the optical properties of the material of the surface structure, such as the refractive index; for some purpose, the design of the surface structure will also change depending on the optical properties produced by the multilayer film structure to which the surface structure is matched.
另可根據需求，本揭露書所描述的隔熱光導膜結構中的表面結構之剖面可為多邊形，形成多邊形角柱的表面結構特徵，如圖4D、4E所示。Further, according to requirements, the surface structure of the heat-insulating light-guiding film structure described in the present disclosure may have a polygonal shape forming a surface structural feature of a polygonal corner post, as shown in FIGS. 4D and 4E.
圖4D示意顯示的隔熱光導膜結構，其中表面結構剖面為雙邊不對稱的多邊形，光源(參考箭頭)由具有表面結構的一側射入，經過其中結構的設計(包括厚度與折射率)，可以將光線導向另一側，甚至形成折射向上的光線。4D is a schematic view showing the heat insulating light guiding film structure in which the surface structure is a bilaterally asymmetrical polygon, and the light source (reference arrow) is incident from a side having a surface structure through which the design of the structure (including thickness and refractive index), Light can be directed to the other side, even to refract light upwards.
相對於圖4D所示實施例，圖4E的光源係先射向多層膜膜體，經由膜體內多層膜的設計，光線可導向另一側，並經過表面結構的折射，產生另一側向上的光線。With respect to the embodiment shown in FIG. 4D, the light source of FIG. 4E is first directed to the multilayer film body. Through the design of the multilayer film in the film body, the light can be directed to the other side and refracted through the surface structure to produce the other side upward. Light.
在隔熱光導膜結構上的表面結構層的實施例中，表面結構層的態樣將依據需求進行設計，主要功能為引導光線。表面結構層上的微結構可透過模板或是滾輪壓印的方式形成，通常為連續有規則變化的結構，如此才能產生穩定且均勻的折射光線。In an embodiment of the surface structure layer on the thermally insulating light-guide film structure, the surface layer layer will be designed according to requirements, and the main function is to guide light. The microstructure on the surface structure layer can be formed by means of a stencil or a roller embossing, usually a continuously changing structure, in order to produce a stable and uniform refracted ray.
如圖5所示本發明隔熱光導膜結構之表面結構實施例之一，此例顯示的表面結構53為在基材51上形成剖面為圓弧柱狀的結構特徵，並其為延伸至整個或部份基材51表面上的柱狀結構。此處顯示的基材51亦可為上述實施例所描述的多層膜膜體，而省略如玻璃的基材。As shown in FIG. 5, one of the surface structure embodiments of the heat-insulating light-guiding film structure of the present invention is shown. The surface structure 53 shown in this example is a structural feature having a circular arc-like column shape formed on the substrate 51, and is extended to the entire structure. Or a columnar structure on the surface of a portion of the substrate 51. The substrate 51 shown here may also be the multilayer film film body described in the above embodiments, and the substrate such as glass is omitted.
再如圖6示意顯示之另一表面結構實施例。Another surface structure embodiment is shown schematically in FIG.
此例顯示為在基材61上的表面結構63之剖面同樣為圓弧形，而其延伸至整個或部份基材63上的結構為具有波浪起伏的表面微結構。此例除了一側剖面顯示為圓弧狀以外，柱狀體更呈現有高低起伏的改變，形成柱狀波浪的型式，此類設計在光學上可以防止干涉產生的亮暗帶現象。This example shows that the cross-section of the surface structure 63 on the substrate 61 is also arcuate, and that the structure extending over the entire or partial substrate 63 is a undulating surface microstructure. In this example, in addition to the one-side section showing an arc shape, the columnar body exhibits a change of high and low undulations, forming a columnar wave pattern. Such a design optically prevents the phenomenon of bright and dark bands caused by interference.
上述表面結構的實施例，包括剖面形狀、延伸的柱狀結構，皆非用以限制本發明應用於隔熱光導膜結構上的微結構型式。The above embodiments of the surface structure, including the cross-sectional shape and the extended columnar structure, are not intended to limit the microstructure of the present invention applied to the structure of the thermally insulating photoconductive film.
圖7A與圖7B顯示本發明隔熱光導膜結構應用於窗戶上的裝置實施例。7A and 7B show an embodiment of an apparatus for applying the thermally insulated light guiding film structure of the present invention to a window.
圖7A中顯示為隔熱光導膜結構設置於一具有透光效果的載體70上，比如利用感壓膠(遇壓力即產生黏性)或 光學膠將隔熱光導膜結構貼附於載體70上的開口處，比如是窗戶的玻璃、壓克力等透光基板上。The heat-insulating light-guiding film structure shown in FIG. 7A is disposed on a carrier 70 having a light-transmitting effect, such as using a pressure sensitive adhesive (viscosity generated under pressure) or The optical glue attaches the heat insulating light guiding film structure to the opening on the carrier 70, such as a glass, acrylic or the like on a light transmissive substrate.
舉例來說，上述載體70為建築物對外開設窗戶上的玻璃或透明壓克力，隔熱光導膜結構設於載體70之一側，包括室外側或是室內側，若設於室內側，可以避免外部環境污染與破壞。For example, the carrier 70 is a glass or transparent acryl on the window of the building. The heat-insulating light-guide film structure is disposed on one side of the carrier 70, including the outdoor side or the indoor side. Avoid external environmental pollution and damage.
隔熱光導膜結構主要由多層膜膜體705與表面結構層701所組成，或可再設有基材703，作為多層膜膜體的支撐主體，多層膜膜體705與表面結構層701分別設於基材703的兩側。此例則以多層膜膜體705與載體70結合。The heat insulating light guiding film structure is mainly composed of a multilayer film body 705 and a surface structure layer 701, or a substrate 703 may be further provided as a supporting body of the multilayer film body, and the multilayer film body 705 and the surface structure layer 701 are respectively provided. On both sides of the substrate 703. In this case, the multilayer film body 705 is combined with the carrier 70.
當光線由載體70側(如室外)射向此裝置，光線經由載體70進入隔熱光導膜結構，先經過多層膜膜體705的折射與干涉處理，可以根據需求阻絕或反射特定光波段的光線，形成特定光波段才能穿透裝置的光線，包括產生偏光性、隔熱等效果。之後，光線可經由基材703進入表面結構層701，由表面結構層701的光學特性引導光線射向裝置之另一側(如室內)，經由表面結構層701的引導，可以產生特定功效，比如形成室內的照明用光源。When the light is directed to the device from the side of the carrier 70 (such as outdoors), the light enters the structure of the heat insulating light guide film via the carrier 70, and is first refracted and interfered by the multilayer film body 705, and can block or reflect the light of a specific light band according to requirements. The specific light band is formed to penetrate the light of the device, including the effects of polarizing, heat insulation and the like. Thereafter, light can enter the surface structure layer 701 via the substrate 703, and the optical properties of the surface structure layer 701 direct the light to the other side of the device (such as indoors). Through the guiding of the surface structure layer 701, specific effects can be generated, such as A light source for illumination in the room is formed.
圖7B所顯示的實施例則特別將隔熱光導膜結構之表面結構層701之側貼附於載體70上。The embodiment shown in Figure 7B in particular attaches the side of the surface structural layer 701 of the thermally insulating light directing film structure to the carrier 70.
由於表面結構層701具有表面微結構，並非一平面，因此在貼附至載體70表面時，使用如感壓膠或光學膠等膠體707作為其連結手段時，膠體707應會填滿微結構與載體70表面間的空隙中，且最後也形成具有對應表面微結構的表面結構，為了避免這具有表面結構的膠體707改變其光學特性，可使用一種接近空氣折射率的低折射率膠(折 射率約1.2~1.4，接近空氣)，如一種氟系或矽官能基膠。Since the surface structural layer 701 has a surface microstructure, which is not a flat surface, when the colloid 707 such as pressure sensitive adhesive or optical adhesive is used as the connecting means when attached to the surface of the carrier 70, the colloid 707 should be filled with the microstructure and A surface structure having a corresponding surface microstructure is formed in the gap between the surfaces of the carrier 70, and finally, in order to prevent the colloid 707 having the surface structure from changing its optical characteristics, a low refractive index gel close to the refractive index of the air may be used. The rate of injection is about 1.2~1.4, close to air), such as a fluorine or hydrazine functional base.
再根據另一實施例，表面結構層701與載體70間的空隙亦可充滿一具有特定光學特性的氣體，這類氣體的光學特性包括可以充滿不改變現有裝置的光學特性的氣體、液體或其他物體，亦可包括具有隔熱或是隔絕特定光波段的效果的氣體，比如：氬氣、氪氣、氙氣等導熱性比空氣低的氣體，藉此產生隔熱效果，或是能夠提高保溫能力的惰性氣體，或是其他可以隔熱(反射紅外線)、隔絕紫外線效果的氣體或液體。According to another embodiment, the gap between the surface structure layer 701 and the carrier 70 may also be filled with a gas having a specific optical characteristic, and the optical characteristics of such a gas include a gas, a liquid or the like which can be filled without changing the optical characteristics of the existing device. The object may also include a gas having an effect of insulating or isolating a specific optical band, such as argon, helium, neon or the like, which has a lower thermal conductivity than air, thereby generating an insulating effect or improving the heat insulating ability. An inert gas or other gas or liquid that can insulate (reflect infrared light) and block ultraviolet rays.
根據上述各種應用本發明所提出的隔熱光導膜結構的實施態樣，在隔熱光導膜結構表面上的為結構型式可以不用單一結構特徵，可為混合複數種型式的結構特徵，比如同時混合圓弧柱狀與三角柱狀的結構於一表面結構中，產生依據特定需求的光學特性，比如可以符合不同入射光線角度的需要。舉例來說，室外陽光從早到晚有不同的角度，若施以混合型的表面結構，不同時間的不同入射角度都可能因為表面結構而有效入射至室內。According to the above embodiments of the heat-insulating light-guiding film structure proposed by the present invention, the structure type on the surface of the heat-insulating light-guide film structure may not use a single structural feature, and may be a plurality of structural features of the mixed type, such as simultaneous mixing. Arc-arc and triangular-column structures in a surface structure produce optical properties that are tailored to specific needs, such as the need to meet different incident ray angles. For example, outdoor sunlight has different angles from morning to night. If a mixed surface structure is applied, different incident angles at different times may be effectively incident into the room due to the surface structure.
圖8顯示本發明隔熱光導膜結構之裝置應用的實施例。此例的隔熱光導膜結構80設於兩層載體之間，比如設於圖示中在窗戶結構體803,803’內的第一層窗戶801與第二層窗戶802之間，因此可以防止隔熱光導膜結構80免於破壞或污染。此實施例顯示的裝置可為一種雙層玻璃夾擊的隔音窗結構。Figure 8 shows an embodiment of the apparatus application of the thermally insulated light directing film structure of the present invention. The heat-insulating light-guiding film structure 80 of this example is disposed between the two-layer carrier, such as between the first-layer window 801 and the second-layer window 802 in the window structure 803, 803' as illustrated, thereby preventing heat insulation. The light directing film structure 80 is protected from damage or contamination. The device shown in this embodiment can be a double-glazed pinch-insulated window structure.
綜上所述，本揭露書所描述的隔熱光導膜結構，透過其中結構的光學特性，包括表面結構，可以有效地導引光線至另一空間，產生照明功能，可達到節能的效果，更可 利用其折射與干涉的原理使隔熱光導膜結構具有隔熱效果，有效將紅外光等的熱源阻絕(反射)於外，且不會如習知技術的隔熱方式會產生堆積熱量或二次放熱的問題。其他實施方式包括可使用於建築物外窗、汽車玻璃上。In summary, the structure of the heat-insulating light-guide film described in the present disclosure can effectively guide light to another space through the optical characteristics of the structure, including the surface structure, and generate an illumination function, thereby achieving energy-saving effects. can The principle of refraction and interference is used to make the heat-insulating light-guide film structure have a heat-insulating effect, and the heat source such as infrared light is effectively blocked (reflected), and the heat-dissipating heat is not generated as in the conventional heat-insulating method. The problem of exothermic. Other embodiments include use on exterior windows of buildings, on automotive glass.
惟以上所述僅為本發明之較佳可行實施例，非因此即侷限本發明之專利範圍，故舉凡運用本發明說明書及圖示內容所為之等效結構變化，均同理包含於本發明之範圍內，合予陳明。However, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent structural changes that are made by using the specification and the contents of the present invention are equally included in the present invention. Within the scope, it is combined with Chen Ming.
101‧‧‧表面結構層101‧‧‧Surface structure
103‧‧‧多層膜膜體103‧‧‧Multilayer Membrane
10,30‧‧‧光源10,30‧‧‧Light source
11,12,13‧‧‧光線11,12,13‧‧‧Light
20‧‧‧光源20‧‧‧Light source
201‧‧‧表面結構層201‧‧‧Surface structure layer
205‧‧‧多層膜膜體205‧‧‧Multilayer membrane body
21,22,23‧‧‧光線21,22,23‧‧‧Light
203‧‧‧基材203‧‧‧Substrate
31,32,33‧‧‧光線31,32,33‧‧‧Light
301‧‧‧表面結構層301‧‧‧Surface structure layer
303‧‧‧第一多層膜模組303‧‧‧First multilayer membrane module
305‧‧‧第二多層膜模組305‧‧‧Second multilayer film module
307‧‧‧第三多層膜模組307‧‧‧Three-layer membrane module
32‧‧‧多層膜膜體32‧‧‧Multilayer membrane body
40‧‧‧光源40‧‧‧Light source
θ1 ,θ2 ,θ3 ,θ4 ‧‧‧角度θ 1 , θ 2 , θ 3 , θ 4 ‧‧‧ angle
401,401’‧‧‧表面結構401,401'‧‧‧ surface structure
403‧‧‧基材403‧‧‧Substrate
405‧‧‧多層膜膜體405‧‧‧Multilayer membrane body
402‧‧‧表面結構402‧‧‧Surface structure
404‧‧‧基材404‧‧‧Substrate
406‧‧‧多層膜膜體406‧‧‧Multilayer membrane body
53,63‧‧‧表面結構53,63‧‧‧ Surface structure
51,61‧‧‧基材51,61‧‧‧Substrate
70‧‧‧載體70‧‧‧ Carrier
701‧‧‧表面結構層701‧‧‧Surface structure
703‧‧‧基材703‧‧‧Substrate
705‧‧‧多層膜膜體705‧‧‧Multilayer membrane body
707‧‧‧膠體707‧‧‧colloid
801‧‧‧第一層窗戶801‧‧‧ first floor window
802‧‧‧第二層窗戶802‧‧‧ second floor window
803,803’‧‧‧窗戶結構體803,803’‧‧‧Window structure
80‧‧‧隔熱光導膜結構80‧‧‧Insulated light-guide film structure
圖1顯示本發明隔熱光導膜結構實施例之一示意圖；圖2顯示本發明隔熱光導膜結構實施例之二示意圖；圖3顯示本發明隔熱光導膜結構實施例之三示意圖；圖4A至圖4E顯示本發明隔熱光導膜結構實施例設計示意圖；圖5示意顯示本發明隔熱光導膜結構之表面結構實施例之一；圖6示意顯示本發明隔熱光導膜結構之表面結構實施例之二；圖7A與圖7B顯示本發明隔熱光導膜結構應用於窗戶上的裝置實施例；圖8顯示本發明隔熱光導膜結構之裝置應用的實施例。1 is a schematic view showing the structure of the heat-insulating optical film of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the heat-insulating light-guiding film of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the heat-insulating light-guiding film according to the present invention; 4E is a schematic view showing the design of the structure of the heat-insulating optical film of the present invention; FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing one of the surface structure examples of the heat-insulating light-guide film structure of the present invention; and FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the surface structure of the heat-insulating light-guide film structure of the present invention. Example 2; Figures 7A and 7B show an embodiment of the device for applying the thermally insulating light-guiding film structure of the present invention to a window; and Figure 8 shows an embodiment of the device application of the thermally insulating optical film structure of the present invention.
101‧‧‧表面結構層101‧‧‧Surface structure
103‧‧‧多層膜膜體103‧‧‧Multilayer Membrane
10‧‧‧光源10‧‧‧Light source
11,12,13‧‧‧光線11,12,13‧‧‧Light
Claims (11)
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| CN101680981A (en) * | 2007-05-23 | 2010-03-24 | 3M创新有限公司 | Light redirecting solar control film |
| CN102066993A (en) * | 2008-05-19 | 2011-05-18 | 思锐材料公司 | Temperature activated optical films |
| TW201144875A (en) * | 2010-06-03 | 2011-12-16 | Chi Lin Technology Co Ltd | Window system and light guiding film therein |
| TWM420727U (en) * | 2011-08-04 | 2012-01-11 | Yo Ding Co Ltd | Light intensifying sheet structure improvement |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101680981A (en) * | 2007-05-23 | 2010-03-24 | 3M创新有限公司 | Light redirecting solar control film |
| CN102066993A (en) * | 2008-05-19 | 2011-05-18 | 思锐材料公司 | Temperature activated optical films |
| TW201144875A (en) * | 2010-06-03 | 2011-12-16 | Chi Lin Technology Co Ltd | Window system and light guiding film therein |
| TWM420727U (en) * | 2011-08-04 | 2012-01-11 | Yo Ding Co Ltd | Light intensifying sheet structure improvement |
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