TWI450466B - Applicable to a variety of power sources of intelligent energy storage system - Google Patents
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本發明係關於一種電能儲存的技術領域,特別是利用二階段儲能手段搭配升降壓手段,使得各種再生電能均能充入預設之充蓄電池的智慧型電能儲存系統。The invention relates to a technical field of electric energy storage, in particular to a smart electric energy storage system capable of charging various regenerative electric energy into a preset rechargeable battery by using a two-stage energy storage means and a lifting and lowering means.
由於石化能源日漸減少,各種再生(綠色)能源便成為重要的替代能源。再生能源包含太陽能、熱能、風力能、生質能、潮汐能及振動能等,其通常需要轉換成電能才能提供更廣泛的應用。然而由於各種再生能源的來源經常處在不穩定的狀態,故會造成使用效率不佳及蓄電不易的狀況。As petrochemical energy is declining, various renewable (green) energy sources have become important alternative energy sources. Renewable energy sources include solar energy, thermal energy, wind energy, biomass energy, tidal energy, and vibrational energy, which often need to be converted into electrical energy to provide a wider range of applications. However, since the sources of various renewable energy sources are often in an unstable state, the use efficiency is poor and the power storage is not easy.
再者,有些微小型的發電裝置,例如小面積染料敏化太陽能電池,其所產生的電能較小,難以直接使用,故通常將其捨棄;若要將微小型發電裝置所產生的電能加以儲存,也常會因為不易充入儲能裝置或是因所得到的電能小、導致使用效益差,而捨棄該微小電能的再利用。Furthermore, some micro-sized power generation devices, such as small-area dye-sensitized solar cells, generate less electrical energy and are difficult to use directly, so they are usually discarded; if the electrical energy generated by the micro-scale power generation device is to be stored It is also often used because it is not easy to be charged into the energy storage device or because the obtained electric energy is small, resulting in poor use efficiency, and the reuse of the small electric energy is discarded.
台灣專利M336630揭示一種具有壓電元件的壓力轉換成電能之再生能源裝置,其利用壓電元件產生交流電流並整流成直流電儲存於儲能元件;其儲能元件的電壓再經過突波昇壓裝置及快速二極體,將能量傳送至儲電裝置以完成壓力轉換成電能的再生能源轉換。Taiwan Patent No. M336630 discloses a regenerative energy device having a piezoelectric element for converting pressure into electrical energy, which uses an piezoelectric element to generate an alternating current and rectifies it into a direct current and stores it in an energy storage element; the voltage of the energy storage element passes through a surge boosting device. And the fast diode, the energy is transferred to the power storage device to complete the conversion of the pressure into electrical energy.
台灣專利I318033揭示一種高效率儲能與驅動裝置,該儲能與驅動裝置係供應不連續脈衝電源以對一蓄電單元予以充電儲能,或對一負載予以驅動;該儲能與驅動裝置包含一切換開關、一能量裝置、一超電容及一切換控制裝置,利用切換控制裝置之切換信號來改變該切換開關的切換狀態,以控制能量裝置對超電容的充電與放電狀態進行控制,並對蓄電單元或負載予以充電儲能或驅動。藉此可降低風力、水力及太陽能等在能量轉換過程中的電能損失,避免天候因素造成能量利用效率降低,以及在較小的系統體積與成本的考量下可提供大電流來提升充電儲能效率與驅動負載。Taiwan Patent No. I318033 discloses a high-efficiency energy storage and driving device that supplies a discontinuous pulse power source to charge and store an energy storage unit, or to drive a load; the energy storage and driving device includes a a switch, an energy device, an ultracapacitor and a switching control device, wherein the switching state of the switching switch is changed by using a switching signal of the switching control device to control the energy device to control the charging and discharging states of the ultracapacitor, and to store power The unit or load is charged to store or drive. Thereby, the electric energy loss in the energy conversion process such as wind power, water power and solar energy can be reduced, the energy utilization efficiency can be reduced by the weather factor, and the large current can be provided to improve the charging energy storage efficiency under the consideration of small system volume and cost. With the drive load.
台灣專利I268035揭示一種儲能電路系統,其包括一儲能元件;一升壓電路,用於儲存一輸入電壓於儲能元件,該升壓電路係使用於根據來自該儲能元件之回授電壓的變化切換頻率來調節該輸入電壓;一比較電路,用於藉比較一參考電壓與該儲能元件中之電壓以偵測該儲能元件中之電壓是否到達一供應負載之預設值並產生一控制信號;以及一充電電路,用於當該儲能元件中之電壓到達該預設值時,供應功率至負載以回應該控制信號。Taiwan Patent No. I268035 discloses an energy storage circuit system including an energy storage component, a booster circuit for storing an input voltage to the energy storage component, and the boosting circuit for using a feedback voltage from the energy storage component Changing the switching frequency to adjust the input voltage; a comparison circuit for comparing a reference voltage with a voltage in the energy storage element to detect whether the voltage in the energy storage element reaches a preset value of a supply load and generates a control signal; and a charging circuit for supplying power to the load to return to the control signal when the voltage in the energy storage element reaches the preset value.
台灣專利200827549揭示一種小型風力超電容儲能系統,特別是小風力狀況下,利用超級電容器的低內阻儲能特性,將小風力形成的小電能蓄積累加成大能量,進而驅動LED燈或小電力機械設備。Taiwan Patent 200827549 discloses a small-scale wind-capacitor energy storage system, especially in the case of small wind conditions, using the low internal resistance energy storage characteristics of the supercapacitor to accumulate small electric energy accumulated by small winds into large energy, thereby driving the LED lamp or small Electrical machinery and equipment.
台灣專利591847揭示一種具多功能模式之再生能源變流裝置,其包含有一監控單元、一升壓單元、一變流單元及一外加的雙向充電單元;其中升壓單元連接至再生能源裝置的直流電壓輸出端,藉以將再生能源裝置所輸出的直流電壓經升壓單元提升為高壓直流電形式,然後再將高壓直流電輸入至變流單元及雙向充電單元。由於監控單元連接負載、變流單元及雙向充電單元,故可依不同負載選擇不同功能模式,令變流單元滿足獨立負載或電網連結負載等不同負載之應用,具有高適用性。Taiwan Patent No. 591,847 discloses a regenerative energy converter device with a multi-function mode, comprising a monitoring unit, a boosting unit, a converter unit and an additional bidirectional charging unit; wherein the boosting unit is connected to the DC of the regenerative energy device The voltage output terminal is configured to boost the DC voltage outputted by the regenerative energy device into a high voltage direct current form through the boosting unit, and then input the high voltage direct current into the converter unit and the bidirectional charging unit. Since the monitoring unit is connected to the load, the converter unit and the bidirectional charging unit, different functional modes can be selected according to different loads, so that the converter unit can satisfy the application of different loads such as independent load or grid-connected load, and has high applicability.
台灣專利201014106揭示一種自然資源之儲能再生系統及其方法,其主要包含有電能生成裝置、穩壓裝置、輸出控制單元及具有空壓機及儲氣槽之空壓裝置,該電能生成裝置係可將光、風力或水力等自然資源轉換生成電能,並經由穩壓裝置將轉換生成之電能以穩定的電壓輸出,再以該輸出控制單元控制分配輸出電能,而於連接用電負載設備時,可將電能直接分配輸出至用電負載設備使用。Taiwan Patent No. 201014106 discloses a natural resource energy storage regeneration system and method thereof, which mainly comprises an electric energy generating device, a voltage stabilizing device, an output control unit, and an air pressure device having an air compressor and a gas storage tank, the electric energy generating device The natural resources such as light, wind or water can be converted into electric energy, and the converted electric energy is outputted with a stable voltage through a voltage stabilizing device, and then the output control unit controls the distribution of the output electric energy, and when the electric load device is connected, The electrical energy can be directly distributed and output to the electrical load device.
台灣專利201041271揭示一種太陽能儲能系統,其包括太陽能板、切換單元、蓄電池組、偵測單元以及控制器。所述太陽能板用於將太陽能轉換為電能。所述切換單元用於切換蓄電池組中蓄電池之充電方式。所述蓄電池組用於存儲電能。所述偵測單元用於偵測太陽能板之充電電壓以及蓄電池組之開路電壓。所述控制器用於根據偵測單元所偵測到之結果,並控制所述切換單元使之切換為所對應之充電連接線路,而對蓄電池組進行相對應充電方式之充電。Taiwan Patent 201041271 discloses a solar energy storage system including a solar panel, a switching unit, a battery pack, a detecting unit, and a controller. The solar panel is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy. The switching unit is configured to switch the charging mode of the battery in the battery pack. The battery pack is used to store electrical energy. The detecting unit is configured to detect a charging voltage of the solar panel and an open circuit voltage of the battery pack. The controller is configured to perform charging according to a result of the detecting unit, and control the switching unit to switch to the corresponding charging connection line, and perform charging on the battery group in a corresponding charging manner.
中國專利200910312812.9揭示一種太陽能儲能系統及其充電方法,其包括太陽能板、電壓電流轉換器、電池儲能裝置和控制裝置。電壓電流轉換器用於將太陽能板的輸出電壓轉換為電池儲能裝置的充電電壓。控制裝置包括偵測單元、處理單元和執行單元。偵測單元獲取太陽能板的輸出電壓、電壓電流轉換器的輸出電壓以及電池儲能裝置的實際電壓。處理單元用於從偵測單元獲取太陽能板的輸出電壓及電池儲能裝置的實際電壓並將太陽能板的輸出電壓與一第一預定電壓、及電池儲能裝置的實際電壓與一第二預定電壓分別進行比較以獲取比較結果,其中第一預定電壓大於第二預定電壓。執行單元與電壓電流轉換器相連,執行單元用於根據該比較結果調整電壓電流轉換器的輸出電壓以改變電池儲能裝置的充電電壓Chinese patent 200910312812.9 discloses a solar energy storage system and a charging method thereof, which comprise a solar panel, a voltage current converter, a battery energy storage device and a control device. A voltage-to-current converter is used to convert the output voltage of the solar panel into a charging voltage of the battery energy storage device. The control device includes a detecting unit, a processing unit, and an execution unit. The detecting unit acquires the output voltage of the solar panel, the output voltage of the voltage-current converter, and the actual voltage of the battery energy storage device. The processing unit is configured to obtain, from the detecting unit, an output voltage of the solar panel and an actual voltage of the battery energy storage device, and the output voltage of the solar panel and a first predetermined voltage, and an actual voltage of the battery energy storage device and a second predetermined voltage. The comparison is separately performed to obtain a comparison result, wherein the first predetermined voltage is greater than the second predetermined voltage. The execution unit is connected to the voltage current converter, and the execution unit is configured to adjust the output voltage of the voltage current converter according to the comparison result to change the charging voltage of the battery energy storage device
一般而言,當充電電壓略大於儲能裝置的額定電壓時,可以讓電力順利地充入儲能裝置,且不會損壞儲能裝置;但若充電電壓過大於儲能裝置的額定電壓時,雖然也可以將電力充入儲能裝置內,但往往會因為過大的電壓加諸在儲能裝置,而造成儲能裝置容易產生材料質變或受損而不堪使用。另一方面,若充入電力的電壓小於儲能裝置的額定電壓時,則充入電力不能對儲能裝置進行充電。In general, when the charging voltage is slightly larger than the rated voltage of the energy storage device, the power can be smoothly charged into the energy storage device without damaging the energy storage device; however, if the charging voltage is greater than the rated voltage of the energy storage device, Although it is also possible to charge electric power into the energy storage device, it is often caused by excessive voltage being applied to the energy storage device, which causes the energy storage device to be prone to material quality change or damage. On the other hand, if the voltage charged with the electric power is less than the rated voltage of the energy storage device, the charging electric power cannot charge the energy storage device.
不同的再生能源所產生的電壓與電流不盡相同,因此要儲存再生電能便會面臨再生電能的電壓過大於儲能裝置之額定電壓,或再生電能的電壓小於儲能裝置之額定電壓的情形,且二者皆不利於電能的儲存。然而上述的各件台灣專利前案,皆未教示再生能源所產生之電力電壓不同時,儲能裝置如何接受充電,因此要實際使用上述專利充電技術,多半僅選用一種再生能源作為電力的產生源,而不會混用不同形式的再生能源;即便是台灣專利201014106揭示可以使用不同再生能源,但其也僅是教示利用穩壓裝置來處理再生電力,並無教示如何進行不同電壓時的充電方法。The voltage and current generated by different renewable energy sources are not the same. Therefore, when the regenerative electric energy is stored, the voltage of the regenerative electric energy is greater than the rated voltage of the energy storage device, or the voltage of the regenerative electric energy is less than the rated voltage of the energy storage device. Both are not conducive to the storage of electrical energy. However, the above-mentioned various Taiwan patents have not taught how the energy storage device can be charged when the power voltage generated by the renewable energy source is different. Therefore, in order to actually use the above patent charging technology, most of the renewable energy source is selected as the power generation source. Instead of mixing different forms of renewable energy; even though Taiwan Patent 201014106 discloses that different renewable energy sources can be used, it only teaches the use of a voltage regulator to process regenerative power, and does not teach how to charge at different voltages.
又前述的中國專利為太陽能儲電系統及方法,其雖利用電壓比較結果來控制電壓電流轉換器的輸出電壓,但其僅是針對太陽能發電所產生之電壓進行調整,對於其他形式的再生能源,特別是產生小電壓的再生能源,並無說明如何運用該技術手段進行儲能。The aforementioned Chinese patent is a solar energy storage system and method. Although the voltage comparison result is used to control the output voltage of the voltage-current converter, it is only adjusted for the voltage generated by the solar power generation. For other forms of renewable energy, In particular, the generation of renewable energy sources with small voltages does not explain how to use this technology for energy storage.
本發明的目的係在提供一種適用於多種電力來源的智慧型電能儲存系統,其具有能夠使各種再生能源所產生之電力,先行暫時儲存於一暫存裝置,且電能自暫存裝置輸出後可搭配電壓比較及升降壓調整後形成適當的充電電壓,隨後再使調整後的再生電能充入預設之儲能裝置。The object of the present invention is to provide an intelligent electric energy storage system suitable for a plurality of electric power sources, which has the ability to temporarily store the electric power generated by various renewable energy sources in a temporary storage device, and the electric energy can be output from the temporary storage device. After the voltage comparison and the buck-boost adjustment, an appropriate charging voltage is formed, and then the adjusted regenerative energy is charged into the preset energy storage device.
本發明的另一目的係在提供一種適用於多種電力來源的智慧型電能儲存系統,其可以在不需要搭配市電或是既有電力元件的條件下,使電能儲存系統進行再生電能的充蓄。Another object of the present invention is to provide an intelligent electric energy storage system suitable for a plurality of power sources, which enables the electric energy storage system to recharge the regenerative electric energy without the need to match the mains or the existing electric components.
具體而言,本發明之電能儲存系統包含一第一儲能裝置用以暫時儲存再生電能;一第二儲能裝置,其具有一額定電壓且用以儲存經過電壓轉換的再生電能;一比較器電性連接第一儲能裝置;一參考電壓設定於比較器且不小於該第二儲能裝置的額定電壓;一電壓轉換模組電性連接比較器及第二儲能裝置;其中再生電能之電壓與參考電壓經比較器比較後,再經電壓轉換模組予以升高電壓或降低電壓,以高於第二儲能裝置之額定電壓的形式充入第二儲能裝置。Specifically, the electric energy storage system of the present invention comprises a first energy storage device for temporarily storing regenerative electric energy; a second energy storage device having a rated voltage and for storing regenerative electric energy converted by voltage; a comparator Electrically connecting the first energy storage device; a reference voltage is set to the comparator and not less than the rated voltage of the second energy storage device; a voltage conversion module is electrically connected to the comparator and the second energy storage device; wherein the electrical energy is regenerated After the voltage is compared with the reference voltage by the comparator, the voltage is boosted or reduced by the voltage conversion module, and charged into the second energy storage device in a form higher than the rated voltage of the second energy storage device.
以下即根據本發明的目的、功效及結構組態,舉出較佳實施例,並配合圖式詳細說明。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The following is a description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention in accordance with the purpose of the invention.
請參閱第1圖,圖中顯示再生電能10係可進入電能儲存系統20,進而被儲存於預定的裝置內。其中,再生電能10的產生包含一般太陽能發電、熱電轉電、風力發電、壓電轉電或小面積染料敏化太陽能電池等;電能儲存系統20可提供二階段儲能、電壓比較及自動升降壓等功能。Referring to Figure 1, there is shown that the regenerative electrical energy 10 can enter the electrical energy storage system 20 and be stored in a predetermined device. The generation of the regenerative electric energy 10 includes general solar power generation, thermoelectric power conversion, wind power generation, piezoelectric transmission or small area dye-sensitized solar cells, etc. The electric energy storage system 20 can provide two-stage energy storage, voltage comparison and automatic buck-boosting. And other functions.
具體而言,電能儲存系統20具有一第一儲能裝置21,且一調整模組22電性連接第一儲能裝置21。再生電能10係經過調整模組22的濾波或整流濾波後,再充入第一儲能裝置21。所述之第一儲能裝置21可以是電容、可變電容、超級電容或充蓄電池,且再生電能10係暫存於第一儲能裝置21內。Specifically, the electrical energy storage system 20 has a first energy storage device 21 , and an adjustment module 22 is electrically connected to the first energy storage device 21 . The regenerative electric energy 10 is filtered or rectified and filtered by the adjustment module 22, and then charged into the first energy storage device 21. The first energy storage device 21 can be a capacitor, a variable capacitor, a super capacitor or a rechargeable battery, and the regenerative power 10 is temporarily stored in the first energy storage device 21 .
一比較器23係電性連接一切換開關24,且該比較器23另外電性連接第一儲能裝置21。A comparator 23 is electrically connected to a switch 24, and the comparator 23 is additionally electrically connected to the first energy storage device 21.
一電壓轉換模組25電性連接切換開關24與一第二儲能裝置26;其中電壓轉換模組25包含一升壓轉換器252與一降壓轉換器254,且切換開關24可藉由通路的轉換而分別與升壓轉換器252或降壓轉換器254形成通路。A voltage conversion module 25 is electrically connected to the switch 24 and a second energy storage device 26; wherein the voltage conversion module 25 includes a boost converter 252 and a buck converter 254, and the switch 24 can be used by the path The transitions form a path with boost converter 252 or buck converter 254, respectively.
第二儲能裝置26可以是各形式的充蓄電池且具有一額定電壓。The second energy storage device 26 can be a variety of rechargeable batteries and has a nominal voltage.
又一參考電壓27係可設定於比較器23,且可調整其電壓值等於或大於對第二儲能裝置26的額定電壓;一般而言,參考電壓27可被調整設定成第二儲能裝置26之額定電壓的1.2倍至2.0倍,但不以此為限。Another reference voltage 27 can be set to the comparator 23, and the voltage value thereof can be adjusted to be equal to or greater than the rated voltage of the second energy storage device 26; in general, the reference voltage 27 can be adjusted to be the second energy storage device. The rated voltage of 26 is 1.2 times to 2.0 times, but not limited to this.
此外,電能儲存系統20可搭配一電力裝置30。電力裝置30係提供電力給比較器23,以使得該比較器23可以正常運作,而且可以讓參考電壓27得以被設定於比較器23。Additionally, the electrical energy storage system 20 can be coupled to a power device 30. The power unit 30 supplies power to the comparator 23 so that the comparator 23 can operate normally, and the reference voltage 27 can be set to the comparator 23.
以上為電能儲存系統20的組成架構及其說明,且該電能儲存系統20可以被應用在具有再生能源的環境。The above is the composition of the electrical energy storage system 20 and its description, and the electrical energy storage system 20 can be applied in an environment with renewable energy.
此外電力裝置30可以包含能源轉換元件32電性連接電能暫存元件34。其中能源轉換元件32係可用以將再生能源轉換成電能,而電能暫存元件34則可用以儲存能源轉換元件32所轉換的電能。舉例而言,能源轉換元件32可以是太陽能板,而電能暫存元件34可以是電容;除此之外,電力裝置30也可以是一般的電池。In addition, the power device 30 can include the energy conversion component 32 electrically coupled to the electrical energy storage component 34. The energy conversion component 32 can be used to convert the renewable energy into electrical energy, and the electrical energy storage component 34 can be used to store the electrical energy converted by the energy conversion component 32. For example, the energy conversion component 32 can be a solar panel and the electrical energy storage component 34 can be a capacitor; in addition, the electrical device 30 can be a conventional battery.
本發明所揭示之再生電能的來源可以是太陽能發電;具體而言,可以利用堆疊式太陽能發電架構來產生電能。The source of regenerative electrical energy disclosed by the present invention may be solar power generation; in particular, a stacked solar power generation architecture may be utilized to generate electrical energy.
請參閱第2圖,堆疊式太陽能發電架構40係包含一第一太陽能板41與一第二太陽能板42,且一反射片43結合第一太陽能板41,一聚光片44結合第二太陽能板42;更有一導光板45位在反射片43與聚光片44之間,且導光板45、反射片43與聚光片44形成結合狀態。Referring to FIG. 2 , the stacked solar power generation structure 40 includes a first solar panel 41 and a second solar panel 42 , and a reflective sheet 43 is combined with the first solar panel 41 , and a concentrating sheet 44 is combined with the second solar panel . 42; a light guide plate 45 is located between the reflection sheet 43 and the condensing sheet 44, and the light guide plate 45, the reflection sheet 43 and the condensing sheet 44 are brought into a combined state.
請參閱第3圖,本發明所揭示之再生電能的來源可以是壓電轉電,其具體的架構包含至少一組壓電模組50。壓電模組50係由壓電元件51與橡膠軟墊52堆疊而成。Referring to FIG. 3, the source of the regenerative electrical energy disclosed by the present invention may be piezoelectric transduction, and the specific architecture thereof includes at least one set of piezoelectric modules 50. The piezoelectric module 50 is formed by stacking a piezoelectric element 51 and a rubber cushion 52.
請參閱第4圖,本發明所揭示之再生電能的來源可以是熱電轉電。以LED路燈60為例,其可以在散熱片61上配置石墨片62、63與熱電晶片64的組合,如此LED 65所散發的熱量可以經熱電晶片64轉換成電能。Referring to FIG. 4, the source of the regenerative electric energy disclosed by the present invention may be thermoelectric power. Taking the LED street lamp 60 as an example, a combination of the graphite sheets 62, 63 and the thermoelectric wafer 64 can be disposed on the heat sink 61, so that the heat radiated by the LED 65 can be converted into electric energy by the thermoelectric chip 64.
請參閱第5圖,本發明所揭示之再生電能的來源可以是小面積染料敏化太陽能電池架構70,其包含一光源71及至少一染料敏化太陽能電池72。該染料敏化太陽能電池72可受光源71照射而產生電能。Referring to FIG. 5, the source of regenerative electrical energy disclosed by the present invention may be a small area dye-sensitized solar cell architecture 70 comprising a light source 71 and at least one dye-sensitized solar cell 72. The dye-sensitized solar cell 72 can be irradiated with a light source 71 to generate electric energy.
一般再生電力根據其來源可以產生交流電能或直流電能,例如壓電轉電為交流電力,而太陽能發電、熱電轉電及染料敏化太陽能電池所產生的電力則為直流電;再者每一種再生電力的電壓及電流強度不盡相同,其彼此的相對比較值,在本發明的說明中將其區分成:(1)大電壓、大電流,如太陽能發電,其可產生29.4伏特(V)、5毫安培(mA)的電力;(2)大電壓、小電流,如壓電轉電,其可產生46伏特(V)、116.5微安培(μA)的電力;(3)小電壓、大電流,如熱電轉電,其可產生1.1伏特(V)、58.5毫安培(mA)的電力;(4)小電壓、小電流,如小面積染料敏化太陽能電池,其可產生1伏特(V)、3.3毫安培(mA)的電力。然而,上開所稱之大電壓、小電壓、大電流及小電流的數值,並非學理上的定義。Generally, regenerative electric power can generate alternating current or direct current electric energy according to its source, for example, piezoelectric electric power is converted into alternating current electric power, and electric power generated by solar power generation, thermoelectric power conversion and dye-sensitized solar cells is direct current; and each kind of regenerative electric power The voltage and current intensities are not the same, and their relative comparison values are divided into: (1) large voltage, large current, such as solar power generation, which can generate 29.4 volts (V), 5 in the description of the present invention. Milliamperes (mA) of electricity; (2) large voltage, small current, such as piezoelectric transfer, which can generate 46 volts (V), 116.5 microamperes (μA) of electricity; (3) small voltage, high current, Such as thermoelectric power, it can produce 1.1 volts (V), 58.5 milliamperes (mA) of electricity; (4) small voltage, small current, such as small area dye-sensitized solar cells, which can produce 1 volt (V), 3.3 milliamperes (mA) of electricity. However, the values of the large voltage, small voltage, large current, and small current referred to above are not academically defined.
請參閱第6圖,本發明可適用於再生電能為直流電力或交流電力,其中直流電力來源可在調整模組22的濾波進行濾波而形成穩定的直流電流;而交流電力來源則經調整模組22的橋式整流及濾波電容進行整流及濾波以形成穩定的直流電流。Referring to FIG. 6, the present invention is applicable to regenerative electric energy being DC power or AC power, wherein the DC power source can be filtered by the filtering of the adjustment module 22 to form a stable DC current; and the AC power source is adjusted by the module. The bridge rectifier and filter capacitor of 22 are rectified and filtered to form a stable DC current.
自調整模組22輸出之直流電流可暫存於第一儲能裝置21,藉此成為第一階段儲能。The DC current outputted by the self-adjusting module 22 can be temporarily stored in the first energy storage device 21, thereby becoming the first stage of energy storage.
電力裝置30係提供足夠的電壓作為參考電壓27,以及提供足夠的電力以驅動比較器23。其中參考電壓27的電壓值係參考第二儲能裝置26的額定電壓而加以調整。參考電壓27的電壓調整值可藉由稽納二極體272之穩壓與可變電阻274的匹配而達成。The power device 30 provides sufficient voltage as the reference voltage 27 and provides sufficient power to drive the comparator 23. The voltage value of the reference voltage 27 is adjusted with reference to the rated voltage of the second energy storage device 26. The voltage adjustment value of the reference voltage 27 can be achieved by matching the voltage regulation of the diode 272 with the variable resistor 274.
是以,自第一儲能裝置21所輸出的再生電能之電壓與參考電壓27相比較,若再生電能電壓小於參考電壓27,則比較器23會輸出一低電位訊號使得切換開關24中的開關(NMOS Q1) 242形成斷路,而另一開關(PMOS Q2) 244則形成通路,使得第一儲能裝置21所輸出的再生電能得以進入電壓轉換模組25的升壓轉換器252以提高電壓,再以適當的電壓條件充入第二儲能裝置26。Therefore, the voltage of the regenerative electric energy outputted from the first energy storage device 21 is compared with the reference voltage 27, and if the regenerative electric energy voltage is less than the reference voltage 27, the comparator 23 outputs a low potential signal so that the switch in the switch 24 is switched. (NMOS Q1) 242 forms an open circuit, and the other switch (PMOS Q2) 244 forms a path, so that the regenerative electric energy outputted by the first energy storage device 21 can enter the boost converter 252 of the voltage conversion module 25 to increase the voltage. The second energy storage device 26 is then charged under appropriate voltage conditions.
若自第一儲能裝置21所輸出的再生電能之電壓與參考電壓27相比較,且再生電能電壓大於參考電壓27時,則比較器23輸出一高電位訊號使得切換開關24中的開關(NMOS Q1) 242形成通路,而另一開關(PMOS Q2) 244則形成斷路,使得第一儲能裝置21所輸出的再生電能得以進入電壓轉換模組25的降壓轉換器254以降低電壓,再以適當的電壓條件充入第二儲能裝置26,如此可形成第二階段儲能。If the voltage of the regenerative electric energy outputted from the first energy storage device 21 is compared with the reference voltage 27, and the regenerative electric energy voltage is greater than the reference voltage 27, the comparator 23 outputs a high potential signal so that the switch in the switch 24 (NMOS) Q1) 242 forms a path, and the other switch (PMOS Q2) 244 forms an open circuit, so that the regenerative electric energy outputted by the first energy storage device 21 can enter the buck converter 254 of the voltage conversion module 25 to lower the voltage, and then The appropriate voltage conditions are charged to the second energy storage device 26 such that a second stage of energy storage is formed.
一般而言,自電壓轉換模組25輸出的電能電壓一般為第二儲能裝置26之額定電壓的1.2至2.0倍。In general, the power voltage output from the voltage conversion module 25 is generally 1.2 to 2.0 times the rated voltage of the second energy storage device 26.
又一電量偵測器74電性連接第二儲能裝置26,其用以檢測第二儲能裝置26的充電量。A further power detector 74 is electrically connected to the second energy storage device 26 for detecting the amount of charge of the second energy storage device 26.
是以本發明所揭示電能儲存系統具有以下功能:(1)使用二階段儲能設計,使得電能儲存系統可適用於不同的電力來源,尤其是微小電力來源,例如實施例中所揭示之小面積染料敏化太陽能電池(小電壓、小電流),也能獲得有效的儲存及應用,進而可提升再生能源的再利用率;(2)切換關關與比較器、參考電壓互相搭配形成智慧型切換裝置;藉由智慧型切換裝置的設計,可在偵測再生電力之電壓後,自動將電力來源引導至所需對應之升壓轉換器或降壓轉換器,使操作相當簡便;(3)第二儲能裝置可以使用目前已知的各型式充蓄電池,且在充電時經由適當的調整參考電壓,隨後即可依前述說明方式進行充電,因此本發明具有寬廣的適用性;(4)電能儲存系統可以是可移動式,因此具有再生能源發電條件的室內或室外皆可適用,而且電力裝置也可以是另一個利用再生電能的裝置,故本發明可以完全不使用市電資源,真正達到有效儲能與節能的效果。The electrical energy storage system disclosed by the present invention has the following functions: (1) using a two-stage energy storage design, so that the electrical energy storage system can be applied to different power sources, especially a small power source, such as the small area disclosed in the embodiment. Dye-sensitized solar cells (small voltage, small current) can also obtain effective storage and application, which can improve the recycling rate of renewable energy; (2) Switching off and the comparator and reference voltage to form a smart switch The device is designed to automatically switch the power source to the desired boost converter or buck converter after detecting the voltage of the regenerative power, so that the operation is quite simple; (3) The second energy storage device can use various types of rechargeable batteries currently known, and can be charged according to the foregoing description by appropriately adjusting the reference voltage during charging, so that the present invention has broad applicability; (4) electrical energy storage. The system can be portable, so it can be applied indoors or outdoors with renewable energy generation conditions, and the power device can be another advantage. Electric power regeneration means, so that the present invention can be used completely without electricity resources, thereby achieving efficient energy storage and energy saving effect.
以上乃本發明之較佳實施例以及設計圖式,惟較佳實施例以及設計圖式僅是舉例說明,並非用於限制本發明技藝之權利範圍,凡以均等之技藝手段、或為下述「申請專利範圍」內容所涵蓋之權利範圍而實施者,均不脫離本發明之範疇而為申請人之權利範圍。The above is a preferred embodiment and the design of the present invention. The preferred embodiments and the drawings are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The scope of the rights covered by the content of the "Scope of Patent Application" is not within the scope of the invention and is the scope of the applicant's rights.
10‧‧‧再生電能10‧‧‧Renewable energy
20‧‧‧電能儲存系統20‧‧‧Electric energy storage system
21‧‧‧第一儲能裝置21‧‧‧First energy storage device
22‧‧‧調整模組22‧‧‧Adjustment module
23‧‧‧比較器23‧‧‧ Comparator
24‧‧‧切換開關24‧‧‧Toggle switch
242‧‧‧開關(NMOS Q1)242‧‧‧Switch (NMOS Q1)
244‧‧‧開關(PMOS Q2)244‧‧‧Switch (PMOS Q2)
25‧‧‧電壓轉換模組25‧‧‧Voltage conversion module
252‧‧‧升壓轉換器252‧‧‧Boost Converter
254‧‧‧降壓轉換器254‧‧‧Buck Converter
26‧‧‧第二儲能裝置26‧‧‧Second energy storage device
27‧‧‧參考電壓27‧‧‧Reference voltage
272‧‧‧稽納二極體272‧‧‧Jenner diode
274‧‧‧可變電阻274‧‧‧Variable resistor
30‧‧‧電力裝置30‧‧‧Power installations
32‧‧‧能源轉換元件32‧‧‧Energy conversion components
34‧‧‧電能暫存元件34‧‧‧Electric energy storage component
40‧‧‧堆疊式太陽能發電架構40‧‧‧Stacked solar power architecture
41‧‧‧第一太陽能板41‧‧‧First solar panel
42‧‧‧第二太陽能板42‧‧‧Second solar panels
43‧‧‧反射板43‧‧‧reflector
44‧‧‧聚光板44‧‧‧ concentrator
45‧‧‧導光板45‧‧‧Light guide plate
50‧‧‧壓電模組50‧‧‧ Piezoelectric module
51‧‧‧壓電元件51‧‧‧Piezoelectric components
52‧‧‧橡膠軟墊52‧‧‧Rubber cushion
60‧‧‧LED路燈60‧‧‧LED street light
61‧‧‧散熱片61‧‧‧ Heat sink
62‧‧‧石墨片62‧‧‧Graphite sheet
63‧‧‧石墨片63‧‧‧graphs
64‧‧‧熱電晶片64‧‧‧Thermal chip
65‧‧‧LED65‧‧‧LED
70‧‧‧小面積染料敏化太陽能電池架構70‧‧‧Small area dye-sensitized solar cell architecture
71‧‧‧光源71‧‧‧Light source
72‧‧‧染料敏化太陽能電池72‧‧‧Dye-sensitized solar cells
74‧‧‧電量偵測器74‧‧‧Power Detector
第1圖係本發明的構成方塊圖;第2圖係本發明的堆疊式太陽能發電架構示意圖;第3圖係本發明的壓電轉電架構示意圖;第4圖係本發明的熱電轉電架構示意圖; 第5圖係本發明的小面積染料敏化太陽能電池架構示意圖;第6圖係本發明的電路示意圖。1 is a block diagram of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a stacked solar power generation architecture of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a piezoelectric power transmission architecture of the present invention; and FIG. 4 is a thermoelectric conversion architecture of the present invention. schematic diagram; Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a small area dye-sensitized solar cell of the present invention; and Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of the present invention.
10...再生電能10. . . Regenerative energy
20...電能儲存系統20. . . Electrical energy storage system
21...第一儲能裝置twenty one. . . First energy storage device
22...調整模組twenty two. . . Adjustment module
23...比較器twenty three. . . Comparators
24...切換開關twenty four. . . Toggle switch
25...電壓轉換模組25. . . Voltage conversion module
252...升壓轉換器252. . . Boost converter
254...降壓轉換器254. . . Buck converter
26...第二儲能裝置26. . . Second energy storage device
27...參考電壓27. . . Reference voltage
30...電力裝置30. . . Power device
32...能源轉換元件32. . . Energy conversion component
34...電能暫存元件34. . . Energy storage component
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TWM358458U (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2009-06-01 | Nat Energy Technology Co Ltd | Electrical energy storage device for solar cells |
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TW201109979A (en) * | 2009-05-07 | 2011-03-16 | Innosys Inc | Solar powered portable control panel |
TWM408678U (en) * | 2010-11-16 | 2011-08-01 | Allis Electric Co Ltd | Photovoltaic powered system |
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CN101826793A (en) * | 2009-03-03 | 2010-09-08 | 天津市睿芯隆科技有限公司 | Energy conversion controller |
TW201109979A (en) * | 2009-05-07 | 2011-03-16 | Innosys Inc | Solar powered portable control panel |
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