TWI449304B - Permanent magnet operating machine - Google Patents
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- TWI449304B TWI449304B TW097137669A TW97137669A TWI449304B TW I449304 B TWI449304 B TW I449304B TW 097137669 A TW097137669 A TW 097137669A TW 97137669 A TW97137669 A TW 97137669A TW I449304 B TWI449304 B TW I449304B
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本發明大體上係關於磁性操作裝置，且尤係關於以平移或旋轉運動操作之此種裝置。 The present invention generally relates to magnetic operating devices, and more particularly to such devices that operate in translational or rotational motion.
Moriyama等人之美國專利申請第20080048505號揭示一種具有高硬度(rigidity)、高熱輻射效果之無心線性馬達，並且提供了輕的重量。該無心線性馬達包含固定構件和相對於該固定構件而移動之可移動構件。該固定構件具有軛(yoke)和配置於該軛中之永久磁鐵群。該可移動構件具有線圈組件。該等永久磁鐵群包含第一和第二群之永久磁鐵，該第一和第二群之永久磁鐵配置成彼此相對。各該第一和第二群之永久磁鐵沿著軛之縱向具有複數個磁鐵。於該複數個磁鐵中，面對沿著軛之縱方向之磁鐵的磁極係交替。沿著軛之縱方向之永久磁鐵的磁極係相同的。線圈組件具有至少三個線圈以可移動之方式相對於沿著該第一和第二群之永久磁鐵之間之軛之縱方向之該第一和第二群之永久磁鐵配置，該等線圈係以多層配置並纏繞成牢固狀態並由夾子夾緊，而鄰接線圈之端表面係經由電性絕緣構件連接。較佳情況是，強化構件係提供作為安裝於該等線圈之牢固部分的非磁性構件。 U.S. Patent Application No. 20080048505 to Moriyama et al. discloses a centerless linear motor having high rigidity and high heat radiation effect and providing a light weight. The centerless linear motor includes a fixed member and a movable member that moves relative to the fixed member. The fixing member has a yoke and a permanent magnet group disposed in the yoke. The movable member has a coil assembly. The permanent magnet group includes first and second groups of permanent magnets, and the first and second groups of permanent magnets are disposed to face each other. Each of the first and second groups of permanent magnets has a plurality of magnets along the longitudinal direction of the yoke. Among the plurality of magnets, the magnetic poles facing the magnets along the longitudinal direction of the yoke alternate. The magnetic poles of the permanent magnets along the longitudinal direction of the yoke are the same. The coil assembly has at least three coils movably disposed relative to the first and second groups of permanent magnets along a longitudinal direction of the yoke between the first and second groups of permanent magnets, the coils The layers are arranged in a plurality of layers and wound into a firm state and clamped by a clip, and the end surfaces of the adjacent coils are connected via an electrically insulating member. Preferably, the reinforcing member is provided as a non-magnetic member mounted to a strong portion of the coils.
Kang等人之美國專利申請第20030127917號揭示一種用永久磁鐵激發之橫向通量線性馬達，該橫向通量線性馬達當相較於使用水力或空氣壓力之系統、或旋轉馬達和電 力傳輸裝置時具有簡單的組構，同時能夠產生大力量，因而相較於習知的線性馬達能達成高效率。橫向通量線性馬達包含：定子，該定子包含定子核心和分別纏繞該定子核心並供應電流之繞組；以及移動器，配置在該定子之中央部分，該移動器包含移動器核心和永久磁鐵。各永久磁鐵係配置在鄰接之移動器核心之間。各定子核心具有一對以期望距離彼此隔開之柱部分。繞組係成對配置，使得各繞組對具有繞著其中一個相關定子核心之柱部分纏繞之二個繞組。以永久磁鐵激發之二相橫向通量線性馬達具有二個單相馬達單元，也就是說，A相馬達單元和B相馬達單元彼此面對面配置。用於相位隔離之非磁性元件係配置於中間位置以防止各A和B相馬達單元被另一者之磁路(magnetic circuit)所影響。A和B相馬達單元之定子被配置使得他們彼此移位以便減少馬達所產生之推力之脈動(pulsation)。 U.S. Patent Application No. 20030127917 to Kang et al. discloses a transverse flux linear motor that is excited by a permanent magnet that is comparable to a system that uses hydraulic or air pressure, or a rotary motor and electricity. The force transmission device has a simple structure and can generate a large force, so that high efficiency can be achieved compared to a conventional linear motor. The transverse flux linear motor comprises: a stator comprising a stator core and windings respectively winding the stator core and supplying current; and a mover disposed in a central portion of the stator, the mover comprising a mover core and a permanent magnet. Each permanent magnet is disposed between adjacent mover cores. Each stator core has a pair of post portions that are spaced apart from each other by a desired distance. The windings are arranged in pairs such that each winding pair has two windings wound around a portion of the column of one of the associated stator cores. A two-phase transverse flux linear motor excited by a permanent magnet has two single-phase motor units, that is, the A-phase motor unit and the B-phase motor unit are disposed face to face with each other. The non-magnetic element for phase isolation is disposed at an intermediate position to prevent each of the A and B phase motor units from being affected by the magnetic circuit of the other. The stators of the A and B phase motor units are configured such that they are displaced from each other to reduce the pulsation of the thrust generated by the motor.
Korenaga等人之美國專利第7067942號揭示一種線性馬達，包含：線圈；複數個第一磁鐵群，具有以週期方式朝不同方向配置之極性方向；以及複數個第二磁鐵群，具有以週期方式朝不同方向配置之極性方向。於包含第一磁鐵群之預定磁鐵和第二磁鐵群之磁鐵(對應於該預定磁鐵)之組中，該組磁鐵之磁化方向具有相對於線圈之中央軸之互相不同之傾斜。該線圈包含：第一線圈，在該第一線圈和第一磁鐵群之間有效產生勞倫茲力(Lorentz’s force)；以及第二線圈，在該第二線圈和第二磁鐵群之間有效產生 勞倫茲力。 U.S. Patent No. 7,068,942 to Korenaga et al. discloses a linear motor comprising: a coil; a plurality of first magnet groups having a polarity direction arranged in different directions in a periodic manner; and a plurality of second magnet groups having a periodic pattern toward Polarity direction configured in different directions. In the group of the predetermined magnets of the first magnet group and the magnets of the second magnet group (corresponding to the predetermined magnets), the magnetization directions of the sets of magnets have different inclinations with respect to the central axis of the coil. The coil includes: a first coil, a Lorentz's force is effectively generated between the first coil and the first magnet group; and a second coil is effectively generated between the second coil and the second magnet group Lawrence force.
Qu等人之美國專利第6924574號揭示一種新的雙轉子、放射狀通量、環狀捲繞(toroidally-wound)的永久磁鐵機器。本發明改進電子機器轉矩密度和效率。至少一個同心表面安裝永久磁鐵雙轉子係分別位於具有背對背繞組之環形定子(torus-shapes stator)之內部和外部。該機器藉由減少末端繞組而實質改善機器效率，並藉由至少加倍空氣隙以及最佳化該機器縱寬比(aspect ratio)而提高轉矩密度。 U.S. Patent No. 6,924,574 to Qu et al. discloses a new dual rotor, radial flux, toroidally-wound permanent magnet machine. The present invention improves electronic machine torque density and efficiency. At least one concentric surface mount permanent magnet dual rotor system is located inside and outside of a torus-shapes stator having back-to-back windings, respectively. The machine substantially improves machine efficiency by reducing the end windings and increases the torque density by at least doubling the air gap and optimizing the machine aspect ratio.
Uchida之美國專利第6870284號揭示一種線性馬達，包含：磁鐵陣列，具有陣列排置之複數個第一磁鐵，使得該等第一磁鐵之極性方向以週期方式相反；以及複數個第二磁鐵，其係陣列排置使得該等第二磁鐵之極性方向以週期方式相反，並與該等第一磁鐵之極性方向相交。該線性馬達復包含與磁鐵陣列相對而配置之電磁線圈，以產生與磁鐵陣列和於第一側與線圈整合之軛協作之勞倫茲力，該第一側相對於與磁鐵陣列相對而配置之線圈之第二側。 U.S. Patent No. 6,870,284 to Uchida discloses a linear motor comprising: an array of magnets having a plurality of first magnets arranged in an array such that the polar directions of the first magnets are opposite in a periodic manner; and a plurality of second magnets The array is arranged such that the polar directions of the second magnets are opposite in a periodic manner and intersect the polar directions of the first magnets. The linear motor includes an electromagnetic coil disposed opposite the magnet array to generate a Lorentz force in cooperation with the magnet array and the yoke integrated with the coil on the first side, the first side being disposed opposite to the magnet array The second side of the coil.
Sakamoto等人之美國專利第5708310號揭示一種永久磁鐵型步進馬達，其中由各定子磁極之二個鄰接小極齒所形成之至少一個間距係不同於由各定子磁極之另二個鄰接小極齒所形成之其他間距，其中形成不同間距之二個鄰接小極齒之至少其中之一之齒寬係製成與剩餘的小極齒之齒寬不同，各定子磁極具有至少4個小極齒而其中轉子具有轉子磁極，該轉子磁極具有配置成相等間距、透過間隙面 對該定子磁極之複數個小極齒。永久磁鐵型步進馬達具有：定子，該定子具有n個定子磁極，各磁極具有m個極齒；以及轉子，該轉子具有以相等間距配置之複數個極齒，轉子極之間距n為不少於3之整數，m為不少於4之偶數。 U.S. Patent No. 5,708,310 to Sakamoto et al. discloses a permanent magnet type stepping motor in which at least one pitch formed by two adjacent small pole teeth of each stator pole is different from the other two adjacent small poles of each stator pole. The other spacing formed by the teeth, wherein at least one of the two adjacent small pole teeth forming different pitches is formed to have a different tooth width than the remaining small pole teeth, each stator pole having at least 4 small pole teeth Wherein the rotor has a rotor pole, and the rotor poles are arranged at equal intervals and through the gap surface a plurality of small pole teeth of the stator pole. The permanent magnet type stepping motor has a stator having n stator poles, each pole having m pole teeth, and a rotor having a plurality of pole teeth arranged at equal intervals, and the distance between the rotor poles is a lot In the integer of 3, m is an even number of not less than 4.
Andoh之美國專利第5130583號揭示一種線性馬達，該馬達包括：定子，組構通行線(running track)並具有縱方向；可移動主體，配置於定子上並沿著該定子之縱方向而線性可移動；端部偵測感測器，用來偵測可移動主體位於定子之端部之周圍之狀態；驅動電路，用來驅動該可移動主體在該定子上移動；控制電路，用來控制該驅動電路並輸出驅動訊號至該驅動電路以移動及停止該可移動主體；以及超限防止電路(overrun prevention circuit)，用來防止可移動主體超出定子。該超限防止電路係從該端部偵測感測器連接。 U.S. Patent No. 5,130, 583 to U.S. Patent No. 5,130, 583, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein incorporated by incorporated herein in its entirety in its entirety in its its its its its its its its its its its its its its its its its its its its its its its its its Moving; an end detecting sensor for detecting a state in which the movable body is located around the end of the stator; a driving circuit for driving the movable body to move on the stator; and a control circuit for controlling the The drive circuit outputs a drive signal to the drive circuit to move and stop the movable body; and an overrun prevention circuit for preventing the movable body from exceeding the stator. The overrun prevention circuit detects the sensor connection from the end.
Isozaki之美國專利第5128570號揭示一種永久磁性類型步進馬達，其可適合用於此種辦公室自動機器和設備，並且其參數係設定成滿足下列狀況：用於定子之磁極數目為6個，並由相同間距相等間隔開配置。定子之各磁極設在其頂端具有極齒，該等極齒與轉子磁極之極齒之間距相等，否則定子磁極之極齒之間距τ s和轉子之間距τ R應滿足下列關係式。τ s+180 τ R/(180±τ R)。60/τ s=m(其中m+1,2…)。其中一個定子磁極和鄰接之其中一個轉子磁極之間所成之角度θ r滿足關係式θ r=120°/Z。於轉子磁極中極齒之數目符合方程式Z=6n±4(其中n為正整 數)。步進馬達之導引線之數目為3、6、7和9其中之一。 US Patent No. 5,128,570 to Isozaki discloses a permanent magnet type stepping motor that can be suitably used in such office automatic machines and equipment, and whose parameters are set to satisfy the following conditions: the number of poles for the stator is six, and They are equally spaced apart by the same spacing. The magnetic poles of the stator are provided with pole teeth at the top end thereof, and the distance between the pole teeth and the pole teeth of the rotor pole are equal, otherwise the distance τ s between the pole teeth of the stator pole and the distance τ R between the rotors should satisfy the following relationship. τ s+180 τ R/(180±τ R). 60/τ s=m (where m+1, 2...). An angle θ r between one of the stator poles and one of the adjacent rotor poles satisfies the relationship θ r = 120°/Z. The number of pole teeth in the rotor pole is in accordance with the equation Z=6n±4 (where n is a positive integer number). The number of guide lines of the stepping motor is one of 3, 6, 7, and 9.
Nagasaka之美國專利第4563602號揭示一種永久磁鐵類型步進馬達。轉子係由圓柱疊片鐵心製成，該鐵心之外周緣呈相等間距之齒狀，而齒之數目為Nr。定子係由疊片鐵心製成，定子之內周緣係形成有利於在轉子與定子之間的空氣隙處面對該轉子。薄板永久磁鐵係附接於面對該空氣隙之定子齒之表面上。永久磁鐵係以相等間距配置並被極化，而使得鄰接極塊(pole piece)之極性彼此不同。極塊之數目為Ns，並具有Ns=2(Nr.+-.Np)之關係，其中Np是大於1之整數。定子凹槽為半開口或閉合，並具有多相2 Np極分佈繞組。 U.S. Patent No. 4,563, 602 to Nagasaka discloses a permanent magnet type stepping motor. The rotor system is made of a cylindrical laminated core, and the outer circumference of the core is in the shape of teeth of equal pitch, and the number of teeth is Nr. The stator system is made of a laminated core, and the inner circumference of the stator is formed to facilitate facing the rotor at an air gap between the rotor and the stator. A thin plate permanent magnet is attached to the surface of the stator teeth facing the air gap. The permanent magnets are arranged at equal intervals and are polarized such that the polarities of the pole pieces are different from each other. The number of pole pieces is Ns and has a relationship of Ns=2 (Nr.+-.Np), where Np is an integer greater than one. The stator groove is semi-open or closed and has a multi-phase 2 Np pole distribution winding.
Wakabayashi等人之美國專利第4370577號揭示一種線性馬達，該線性馬達之移動器及其定子具有磁性齒，並被配置使得該移動器能夠於該定子上線性地移動，同時相對於該定子維持固定的間隙。該馬達具有：永久磁鐵，朝定子之縱方向為長形；以及二個核心，垂直於定子之縱方向而堆疊，並將該永久磁鐵置於其間。複數個線圈，各線圈纏繞在該二個核心和該永久磁鐵上，並具有磁化軸垂直於該定子之縱方向。各該二個核心具有n(其中n為整數)群之磁性齒面對定子，而n群之磁性齒中各者係配置使得齒之間距為固定並與定子之磁性齒之間距相同，但是各群之磁性齒之相位彼此不同。 No. 4,370,577 to Wakabayashi et al. discloses a linear motor having a mover and its stator having magnetic teeth and configured such that the mover can move linearly on the stator while maintaining a fixed relative to the stator Clearance. The motor has a permanent magnet that is elongated toward the longitudinal direction of the stator, and two cores that are stacked perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the stator with the permanent magnet interposed therebetween. A plurality of coils, each of which is wound around the two cores and the permanent magnet, and has a magnetization axis perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the stator. Each of the two cores has a magnetic tooth of n (where n is an integer) group facing the stator, and each of the magnetic teeth of the n group is configured such that the distance between the teeth is fixed and the distance between the magnetic teeth of the stator is the same, but each The phases of the magnetic teeth of the group are different from each other.
上述相關技術揭示了在平移或旋轉二種模式中使用永久磁鐵來產生EMF之數種操作機器。然而，先前技術未能 揭示耦合磁鐵機器，該耦合磁鐵機器使用安裝於該機器之第一元件上之永久磁鐵、指向於N-S極之運動方向之磁鐵、間隙隔開之配置、和安裝於第二元件上具有極表面平行於第一磁鐵之側之永久磁鐵。本揭示內容與提供迄今未知優點之先前技術不同處將說明於下列發明內容中。 The above related art discloses several operating machines that use permanent magnets to generate EMF in either translation or rotation mode. However, prior art failed Disclosed is a coupled magnet machine that uses a permanent magnet mounted on a first component of the machine, a magnet oriented in a direction of movement of the NS pole, a gap-separated configuration, and a pole surface mounted parallel to the second component a permanent magnet on the side of the first magnet. The disclosure differs from the prior art which provides hitherto unknown advantages in the following summary.
此揭示內容教示於結構和使用上之某些優點，該些優點引致下述之目的。 This disclosure teaches certain advantages in construction and use that result in the following objects.
磁鐵機器可以用一個元件不動而另一個元件移動的方式來平移或旋轉。已在一個元件上安裝複數個磁鐵，該複數個磁鐵配置成朝操作方向擴展之連續陣列，該等磁鐵係以N極磁鐵面跨過磁鐵間之間隙而與S極磁鐵面相對的方式固定，而且側面配置成平面。第二元件具有單一或整合之磁鐵，安裝成用一個極面定位平行於該複數個磁鐵之平面並與該複數個磁鐵之平面以間隙隔開。此極面係藉由間隔開之凹槽陣列而中斷，該凹槽能在相對運動期間消除磁相互作用的端部效應。運動之方向係在該平面中。螺線管可以安裝在一個或多個凹槽內，而提供啟動力或制動力給該移動元件。 A magnet machine can be translated or rotated in such a way that one element does not move and the other element moves. A plurality of magnets have been mounted on one of the plurality of magnets, the plurality of magnets being arranged in a continuous array extending in the direction of operation, the magnets being fixed in such a manner that the N-pole magnet faces face the gap between the magnets and face the surface of the S-pole magnets. Moreover, the sides are arranged in a plane. The second member has a single or integrated magnet mounted to be positioned parallel to the plane of the plurality of magnets by a pole face and spaced apart from the plane of the plurality of magnets by a gap. This pole face is interrupted by an array of spaced apart grooves that eliminate the end effect of the magnetic interaction during relative motion. The direction of motion is in this plane. The solenoid can be mounted in one or more recesses to provide a starting or braking force to the moving element.
內含於上述裝置和使用方法之主要目的係提供未被先前技術所教示之優點。 The primary object of the above apparatus and method of use is to provide advantages not taught by the prior art.
另一個目的係提供藉由永久磁鐵力互相作用驅動而能夠連續操作之磁性機器。 Another object is to provide a magnetic machine that can be continuously operated by permanent magnet force interaction.
又一個目的係提供以線性平移操作之此種機器。 Yet another object is to provide such a machine that operates in a linear translation.
又一個目的係提供以旋轉操作之此種機器。 Yet another object is to provide such a machine that operates in a rotary motion.
又另一個目的係提供此種機器，該機器具有能夠啟動和制動該機器之運動之螺線管電路。 Yet another object is to provide such a machine having a solenoid circuit capable of starting and braking the motion of the machine.
由下列之更詳細說明，結合所附圖式，本發明之其他特徵和優點將變得清楚，該等圖式係藉由舉例之方式說明所敘述之裝置和其使用方法之原理。 Other features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the description and appended claims appended claims.
附圖說明之圖式例示說明使用至少其中一個較佳、最佳模式實施例之裝置和其方法，該最佳模式實施例係進一步詳細界定於下列說明中。熟悉此項技術者可以對此處說明之實施例作改變和修飾而不會偏離其精神和範圍。因此，應該了解到所例示者僅是提出舉例之目的，而不應被視為對本設備和其使用方法範圍之限制。 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The accompanying drawings illustrate, by way of example, the embodiments of FIG Those skilled in the art can make changes and modifications to the embodiments described herein without departing from the spirit and scope. Therefore, it should be understood that the examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the device and its methods of use.
現以本發明之第一實施例詳細說明一種永久磁鐵操作機器5，其朝由箭號“A”所表示之選擇之操作方向而操作。機器5可以包含作為線性平移裝置和作為旋轉裝置的其他方式架構。機器5使用二個機器元件，第一機器元件10和第二機器元件20。機器元件10、20二者係朝操作“A”方向擴展，分別如第1和3圖中所示。 A permanent magnet operating machine 5 will now be described in detail with reference to a first embodiment of the invention, which operates in the selected direction of operation indicated by arrow "A". Machine 5 may include other means of architecture as a linear translation device and as a rotating device. The machine 5 uses two machine elements, a first machine element 10 and a second machine element 20. Both machine elements 10, 20 are expanded in the "A" direction of operation, as shown in Figures 1 and 3, respectively.
茲參照第1圖，第一機器元件10可具有平坦的第一支撐表面12，該第一支撐表面12側向面對於操作方向“A”。複數個第一永久磁鐵14(後有稱為第一磁鐵14)係配置成朝操作方向擴展之連續陣列。第一磁鐵14係藉由接合(bonding)或其他的方式固定於第一支撐表面12，而 成第一磁鐵14之北極磁鐵表面“N”跨過第一磁鐵14之間的間隙16而與第一磁鐵14之南極磁鐵表面“S”相對。於第1圖中注意到，磁極表面係被標以“S”或“N”。較佳情況是，第一磁鐵14為矩形，在各磁鐵14之相對、互相平行表面上各具有N極和S極，因而產生在這些表面之間延伸的外部局部磁場“B”，磁場“B”本質上延伸平行於各磁鐵14之中間表面，如第2圖中所示。 Referring to Figure 1, the first machine element 10 can have a flat first support surface 12 that is lateral to the direction of operation "A". A plurality of first permanent magnets 14 (hereinafter referred to as first magnets 14) are arranged in a continuous array that expands in the direction of operation. The first magnet 14 is fixed to the first support surface 12 by bonding or other means. The north pole magnet surface "N" of the first magnet 14 is opposed to the south pole magnet surface "S" of the first magnet 14 across the gap 16 between the first magnets 14. It is noted in Figure 1 that the pole surface is labeled "S" or "N". Preferably, the first magnets 14 are rectangular, having N and S poles on opposite, mutually parallel surfaces of the respective magnets 14, thereby creating an external local magnetic field "B" extending between the surfaces, the magnetic field "B" "Intrinsically extending parallel to the intermediate surface of each magnet 14, as shown in Figure 2.
第二機器元件20具有較佳為平坦的第二支撐表面22，該第二支撐表面22側向面對於操作方向“A”。第二磁鐵24係朝操作“A”方向擴展，並安裝於第二支撐表面22上，以第二磁鐵24之第一磁極表面24’與第二支撐表面22相接觸，而第二磁鐵24之第二磁極表面24”朝該第二支撐表面22遠離並與該第二支撐表面22間隔開。第二磁鐵24可被接合或接附到第二支撐表面22。第二磁極表面24”係藉由在其中凹槽25之連續陣列而被中斷，其中凹槽25較佳係規則地間隔開並且該等凹槽25之間距和方向係不與第一磁鐵14之間之間隙16一致。 The second machine element 20 has a preferably flat second support surface 22, the second support surface 22 being laterally facing the direction of operation "A". The second magnet 24 is extended toward the operation "A" direction and mounted on the second support surface 22, with the first magnetic pole surface 24' of the second magnet 24 contacting the second support surface 22, and the second magnet 24 The second pole surface 24" is spaced away from and spaced apart from the second support surface 22. The second magnet 24 can be joined or attached to the second support surface 22. The second pole surface 24" It is interrupted by a continuous array of grooves 25 therein, wherein the grooves 25 are preferably regularly spaced apart and the spacing and direction between the grooves 25 does not coincide with the gap 16 between the first magnets 14.
如圖中所示，第一和第二支撐表面12、22定義平行平面，而第二磁鐵24之第二磁極表面24”貼近於第一磁鐵14用來改進其間之場交互作用(field interaction)。第1圖將此貼近顯示得較分開以求改進的清楚詳細說明。 As shown in the figures, the first and second support surfaces 12, 22 define parallel planes, and the second pole surface 24" of the second magnet 24 is adjacent to the first magnet 14 for improved field interaction therebetween. Figure 1 shows this close-up for a clear and detailed description of the separation.
第一和第二機器元件10、20係與機器框架(未顯示)囓合，其中機器元件10或20之其中一者係相對於機器元件之另一者而被致能(enabled)朝操作方向“A”移動，此 處該另一個機器元件係較佳保持於靜態位置。機器元件10或20之其中一者之移動可以是線性的(第1圖)或旋轉的(第3圖)，其中第3圖顯示扇形之旋轉機器作為整個機器之例子，其中旋轉軸是在圓形結構之中央。如所示，當操作方向“A”為線性時，第一磁鐵14之連續陣列可以是線性的，然後磁鐵14之間之間隙16係彼此平行，而磁鐵24中之凹槽亦彼此平行。同樣方式，當操作方向“A”為圓形時，磁鐵14之間之間隙16和磁鐵24中之凹槽為接近徑向的。如所述，在第1圖中之線性方式和第3圖中之徑向方式二者中，間隙16和凹槽25係不一致。 The first and second machine elements 10, 20 are engaged with a machine frame (not shown), wherein one of the machine elements 10 or 20 is enabled in the direction of operation relative to the other of the machine elements. A" move, this The other machine component is preferably held in a static position. The movement of one of the machine elements 10 or 20 may be linear (Fig. 1) or rotated (Fig. 3), wherein Fig. 3 shows a fan-shaped rotating machine as an example of the entire machine, wherein the axis of rotation is in a circle The center of the shape structure. As shown, when the direction of operation "A" is linear, the continuous array of first magnets 14 can be linear, then the gaps 16 between the magnets 14 are parallel to each other, and the grooves in the magnets 24 are also parallel to each other. In the same manner, when the operation direction "A" is circular, the gap 16 between the magnets 14 and the grooves in the magnet 24 are nearly radial. As described, in both the linear mode in FIG. 1 and the radial mode in FIG. 3, the gap 16 and the groove 25 are inconsistent.
於第4圖中，架構實質上係與上述第一和第二實施例之線性和圓形方式相同，但是在第二磁鐵中之凹槽25具有螺線管(solenoid)40插置於其中，該螺線管40具有纏繞金屬核心之多圈導線圈，以便當電流通過該導線時產生磁場。較佳地，此種螺線管40係固定在所有、大部分、或至少某些凹槽25內，而所有該螺線管40係被電性串聯互連而電氣化(electrified)，如所示。於此實施例中，然後該第二機器元件20係不動的，並安裝該第一機器元件10用來相對於該第二機器元件20移動。第4圖長前面說明的實施例之示意樣式，並且表示線性機器或旋轉機器其中任一者，當相對於線性樣式之平面圖觀察時，和相對於圓形樣式從邊緣觀察時，僅顯示了這些機器之一部分。圖中吾人看到螺線管40安裝在各凹槽25中並以電性串聯互連而互連。 In Fig. 4, the architecture is substantially the same as the linear and circular manners of the first and second embodiments described above, but the recess 25 in the second magnet has a solenoid 40 interposed therebetween. The solenoid 40 has a multi-turn coil that wraps around the metal core to generate a magnetic field as current passes through the wire. Preferably, such a solenoid 40 is secured within all, most, or at least some of the recesses 25, and all of the solenoids 40 are electrified electrically interconnected, as shown . In this embodiment, the second machine component 20 is then stationary and the first machine component 10 is mounted for movement relative to the second machine component 20. Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of the embodiment of the previously described embodiment, and represents either of a linear machine or a rotating machine, only when viewed from a plan view relative to a linear pattern, and when viewed from the edge relative to a circular pattern One part of the machine. In the figure, we see that the solenoid 40 is mounted in each of the grooves 25 and interconnected by electrical series interconnection.
於操作中，本發明產生磁動勢(magnetic motive force；MMF)，其中，機器之移動元件平移或旋轉。此MMF係由磁鐵14和24之間磁性吸引和排斥所產生。應注意的是，關於第2圖，如第4圖中所示，“B”場本質上係沿著磁鐵14之側表面平行於磁鐵14，該等側表面係平行於磁鐵24之鄰近極表面。此情況產生小的或沒有吸引或排斥之MMF。亦應注意的是，於各間隙25內磁場係被中斷，而使得於各間隙之幾何中央，高斯計(Gauss meter)指示為0磁場，而此事實提供抵消任何磁端部效應(magnetic end-effect)而使得沒有相對於間隙25所產生之MMF。間隙25作用以消除端部效應，否則該端部效應將易於在移動元件上產生磁阻力(magnetic drag)。因為磁鐵14之方向相對於磁鐵24，如第4圖中示意圖所示，故有效的MMF係藉由磁鐵14之南極面與磁鐵24之北極面之間之吸引力而產生，從而優先朝運動方向“A”，並亦藉由磁鐵14之北極面與磁鐵24之北極面之間之排斥力而產生，從而優先朝行進方向。磁鐵14北極對磁鐵24之最終反應(net response)為排斥，而磁鐵14南極對磁鐵24之最終反應則為吸引。於本發明之第一實施例中一旦旋轉開始後，其將傾向於加速直到摩擦和風阻平衡MMF為止。其後，機器將傾向於保持連續運動直到磁力自然地減小為止，或者直到移動元件以手控停止為止。值得注意的是，對於平穩操作而言，磁鐵14之間之間隙16相對於磁鐵24中之凹槽25應為非平行，並且間距也應不相同。於第二實施例中，埋置之螺線管被定向成 加上或減去MMF場“B”，以便藉由增加或減少施加之電壓“V”或藉由將其極性反向而能啟動或停止本發明之移動元件。 In operation, the present invention produces a magnetic motive force (MMF) in which the moving elements of the machine translate or rotate. This MMF is produced by magnetic attraction and repulsion between the magnets 14 and 24. It should be noted that with respect to FIG. 2, as shown in FIG. 4, the "B" field is essentially parallel to the magnet 14 along the side surface of the magnet 14, the side surfaces being parallel to the adjacent pole surface of the magnet 24. . This condition produces a small or no attractive or repulsive MMF. It should also be noted that the magnetic field is interrupted in each gap 25 such that the Gauss meter indicates a zero magnetic field at the geometric center of each gap, and this fact provides for counteracting any magnetic end effect (magnetic end- The result is that there is no MMF generated relative to the gap 25. The gap 25 acts to eliminate the end effect which would otherwise easily create a magnetic drag on the moving element. Since the direction of the magnet 14 is relative to the magnet 24, as shown in the schematic view of Fig. 4, the effective MMF is generated by the attraction between the south pole face of the magnet 14 and the north pole face of the magnet 24, thereby giving priority to the direction of motion. "A" is also generated by the repulsive force between the north pole face of the magnet 14 and the north pole face of the magnet 24, thereby giving priority to the direction of travel. The net reaction of the north pole of the magnet 14 to the magnet 24 is repelled, and the final reaction of the south pole of the magnet 14 to the magnet 24 is attraction. In the first embodiment of the invention, once the rotation begins, it will tend to accelerate until the friction and wind resistance balance the MMF. Thereafter, the machine will tend to maintain continuous motion until the magnetic force naturally decreases, or until the moving element is manually stopped. It is worth noting that for smooth operation, the gap 16 between the magnets 14 should be non-parallel with respect to the grooves 25 in the magnet 24, and the spacing should also be different. In the second embodiment, the embedded solenoid is oriented The MMF field "B" is added or subtracted to enable or disable the moving element of the present invention by increasing or decreasing the applied voltage "V" or by reversing its polarity.
關於上述較佳實施例之架構和佈局之進一步細節，例如：支撐框架、軸承座、將電接線附接至電性組件之附接件和其他上述未說明之特徵，係可於Moriyama之美國專利申請第2008/0048505號、Korenaga等人之美國專利第7067942號、Uchida之美國專利第6870284號和Andoh之美國專利第5130583號中發現，用於線性機構；以及在Qu等人之美國專利第6924574號、和Sakamoto等人之美國專利第5708310號、和Isozaki之美國專利第5128570號中發現，該等專利之相關揭示內容包含於本說明書中作為參考，如同於本文中完整提出說明。 Further details regarding the architecture and layout of the above-described preferred embodiments, such as support frames, bearing blocks, attachments for attaching electrical wires to electrical components, and other features not described above, are US patents to Moriyama U.S. Patent No. 2008/0048505 to Korenaga et al., U.S. Patent No. 6, 870, 284 to Uchida, and U.S. Patent No. 5,130, 583 to U.S. Patent No. 5,130, 583, issued to U.S. Pat. The disclosures of the patents are hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety in its entirety in its entirety in the the the the the the the the the the the the the
上述詳細說明之致能動作(enablement)係視為較先前技術記錄具有新穎性，並視為對設備和其使用方法的至少一個態樣之操作以及對上述目的之達成是重要的。於此說明書中用來說明現有實施例之字彙將被理解為不僅係其一般定義的意義，而且包含了在此說明書中特定的定義：超出一般界定意義範圍外之結構、材料或動作。因此，若元件於此說明書之前後文中能被理解為包含多於一種意義，則其使用必須被理解為屬於由說明書和由說明該元件之文字所支持之所有可能的意義。 The enablement of the above detailed description is considered to be novel over prior art records and is considered to be important to the operation of at least one aspect of the apparatus and methods of use thereof and to the accomplishment of the above objects. The vocabulary used to describe the prior embodiments in this specification is to be understood as not only the meaning of the general definition, but also the specific definitions in this specification: structures, materials or actions that are outside the scope of the general definition. Therefore, if an element is to be understood as being in the meaning of the meaning of the meaning
於此處說明之字彙或圖式元件之定義係意指包含不僅有由字面上所提出之元件之組合，還有用來以實質相同的 方式執行實質相同的功能之所有等效的結構、材料或動作，以獲得實質相同的結果。因此，就此意義所考慮的是，二個或多個元件之等效替代可由所述之其中一個元件來達成，而其各種實施例或單一的元件可以申請專利範圍中的二個或多個元件替代。 The definition of a vocabulary or graphic element as used herein is meant to encompass not only a combination of elements that are literally presented but also substantially identical. Modes perform all equivalent structures, materials, or actions of substantially the same function to achieve substantially equivalent results. Therefore, it is contemplated in this sense that equivalent substitutions of two or more elements can be achieved by one of the elements, and that various embodiments or single elements can be applied for two or more elements in the patent range. Alternative.
由熟悉此項技術者所觀察到的從申請專利範圍之標的內容之改變，現在已知或稍後設計的，係被明確視為在預期範圍和其各種實施例內之等效物。因此，對熟悉此項技術者而言為現在或梢後已知之明顯的替代物係被界定在已定義元件之範圍內。此揭示內容因此意指被理解成包含具體例示和上述說明者、概念上等效者、能被顯然替代者、和亦包含基本概念者。 It is to be understood that the subject matter of the subject matter of the invention is to be Thus, obvious alternatives known to those skilled in the art that are known now or later are defined within the scope of the defined elements. This disclosure is therefore to be understood as being inclusive of
此說明之範圍將被解釋為僅與申請專利範圍有關，而很清楚的，各列名發明人相信申請專利範圍的標的內容將可請得專利保護。 The scope of this description will be interpreted as relating only to the scope of the patent application, and it is clear that the listed inventors believe that the subject matter of the scope of the patent application will be protected by patents.
5‧‧‧永久磁鐵操作機器、機器 5‧‧‧Permanent magnet operating machine, machine
10‧‧‧第一機器元件 10‧‧‧First machine component
12‧‧‧第一支撐表面 12‧‧‧First support surface
14‧‧‧第一磁鐵 14‧‧‧First magnet
16‧‧‧間隙 16‧‧‧ gap
20‧‧‧第二機器元件 20‧‧‧Second machine components
22‧‧‧第二支撐表面 22‧‧‧second support surface
24‧‧‧第二磁鐵 24‧‧‧Second magnet
24’‧‧‧第一磁極表面 24'‧‧‧First pole surface
24”‧‧‧第二磁極表面 24”‧‧‧Second pole surface
25‧‧‧凹槽、間隙 25‧‧‧ Grooves, gaps
40‧‧‧螺線管 40‧‧‧ Solenoid
A‧‧‧箭號 A‧‧‧ arrows
B‧‧‧磁場 B‧‧‧ Magnetic field
附圖中說明的是本發明之至少其中一個最佳模式實施例。於此等圖式中：第1圖為於線性平移實施例中目前敘述之裝置之透視圖；第2圖為永久磁鐵之平面圖，顯示其磁場B；第3圖為於旋轉實施例中目前敘述之裝置之部分透視圖；第4圖為目前敘述之裝置之示意圖。 Illustrated in the drawings is at least one of the best mode embodiments of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 is a perspective view of the device currently described in the linear translation embodiment; Figure 2 is a plan view of the permanent magnet showing its magnetic field B; and Figure 3 is a current description of the rotating embodiment. A partial perspective view of the device; Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of the device currently described.
5‧‧‧永久磁鐵操作機器、機器 5‧‧‧Permanent magnet operating machine, machine
10‧‧‧第一機器元件 10‧‧‧First machine component
12‧‧‧第一支撐表面 12‧‧‧First support surface
14‧‧‧第一磁鐵 14‧‧‧First magnet
16‧‧‧間隙 16‧‧‧ gap
20‧‧‧第二機器元件 20‧‧‧Second machine components
22‧‧‧第二支撐表面 22‧‧‧second support surface
24‧‧‧第二磁鐵 24‧‧‧Second magnet
24’‧‧‧第一磁極表面 24'‧‧‧First pole surface
24”‧‧‧第二磁極表面 24”‧‧‧Second pole surface
25‧‧‧凹槽、間隙 25‧‧‧ Grooves, gaps
A‧‧‧箭號 A‧‧‧ arrows
Claims (6)
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| TW097137669A TWI449304B (en) | 2008-10-01 | 2008-10-01 | Permanent magnet operating machine |
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| TWI449304B true TWI449304B (en) | 2014-08-11 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112332634A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-05 | 合肥工业大学 | Permanent magnet disc type coupling torque limiting device |
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| US6798089B1 (en) * | 2001-07-05 | 2004-09-28 | Anorad Corporation | Forcer and associated three phase linear motor system |
| US20030011455A1 (en) * | 2001-07-16 | 2003-01-16 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Magnet, a method of adjustment of magnetic field and a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus |
| US20050104456A1 (en) * | 2003-11-13 | 2005-05-19 | Smc Corporation | Electromagnetic actuator |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112332634A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-05 | 合肥工业大学 | Permanent magnet disc type coupling torque limiting device |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW201015828A (en) | 2010-04-16 |
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