TWI449136B - 金屬芯印刷電路板及電子封裝結構 - Google Patents

金屬芯印刷電路板及電子封裝結構 Download PDF

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TWI449136B
TWI449136B TW100113641A TW100113641A TWI449136B TW I449136 B TWI449136 B TW I449136B TW 100113641 A TW100113641 A TW 100113641A TW 100113641 A TW100113641 A TW 100113641A TW I449136 B TWI449136 B TW I449136B
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circuit board
conduction path
heat conduction
package structure
printed circuit
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TW201244026A (en
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Chi Feng Huang
Bau Ru Lu
Da Jung Chen
Jeng Jen Li
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Cyntec Co Ltd
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Priority to US13/450,229 priority patent/US9386686B2/en
Priority to CN201210118114.7A priority patent/CN102752957B/zh
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Description

金屬芯印刷電路板及電子封裝結構
本發明係關於一種金屬芯印刷電路板及一種電子封裝結構,尤其關於一種具有較佳散熱效果的金屬芯印刷電路板及電子封裝結構。
圖1顯示一習知技術之直流到直流轉換器封裝結構。如圖1所示,該結構係美國專利6,212,086號所揭露的一個直流到直流轉換器封裝結構(DC-to-DC converter package)。直流到直流轉換器封裝結構100包含一電路板120、一銅製基材110及多數的電子元件。電路板120安置在銅製基材110上面,因此銅製基材110能夠在該裝置的底部提供均勻的散熱功能。該些電子元件包含有主變壓器130、輸出電感140、同步整流器150、輸出電容器160、以及輸入電容器170,這些電子元件安置在電路板120上面,並藉由電路板120內部 的電路佈局互相耦接。一個獨立的輸出連接器設在電路板120右邊,經由軟性電路板耦接到電路板120。這種習知技藝的缺點之一便是電路板120並非是一個良好的散熱體,無法將安裝在上面的電子元件130、140、150、160及170所產生的熱量有效地傳導至下方的銅製基材110散熱之。電路板120有利於電路配置但是不利於熱量的傳導,相對地,銅製基材110不利於電路配置卻有利於熱量的傳導。同一行業人士都積極研發,期望能有一種基材兼具兩者優點。
本發明一實施例之目的在於提供一種相較於習知技術具有較佳散熱效果的電子封裝結構。一種適用於體積小且具有高密度電路及電子元件的電子封裝結構,其具有較佳的散熱效果。於一實施例中,提供一種能夠使用於電子封裝結構的金屬芯印刷電路板。
依據本發明一實施例,提供一種電子封裝結構包含一金屬芯印刷電路板、一儲能裝置及至少一電子元件。金屬芯印刷電路板包含一第一表面及一第二表面,且界定有至少一貫穿孔。第一表面相對於第二表面,貫穿孔從第一表面延伸至第二表面。金屬芯印刷電路板包含一金屬層、一形成電路佈局用多層結構、至少一導熱通路及至少一絕緣層。形成電路 佈局用多層結構設於金屬層上且包含有一電路佈局。導熱通路設於貫穿孔內,絕緣層設於貫穿孔內,且導熱通路及金屬層間隔著絕緣層,以避免導熱通路及金屬層電連接。儲能裝置包含至少一引腳,引腳朝遠離儲能裝置的方向延伸並連接導熱通路,以使儲能裝置與金屬芯印刷電路板間形成一容置空間。前述至少一電子元件耦接電路佈局且位於容置空間內。
依據本發明一實施例,提供一種金屬芯印刷電路板其包含一第一表面及一第二表面,且界定有至少一貫穿孔。第一表面相對於第二表面,貫穿孔從第一表面延伸至第二表面。金屬芯印刷電路板包含一金屬層、一形成電路佈局用多層結構、至少一導熱通路及至少一絕緣層。形成電路佈局用多層結構設於金屬層上且包含有一電路佈局。導熱通路設於貫穿孔內,絕緣層設於貫穿孔內,且導熱通路及金屬層間隔著絕緣層,藉以使一電子裝置電連接於該導熱通路時,該電子裝置與該金屬層呈絕緣狀態。
於一實施例中,至少一貫穿孔、至少一絕緣層及至少一導熱通路皆為多數個。該些電子元件包含一第一電子元件及一第二電子元件,且第一電子元件的發熱量大於第二電子元件的發熱量,第一電子元件連接該些導熱通路其一。
於一實施例中,絕緣層可以包含一塑膠套或絕緣膜,導 熱通路可以包含一鉚釘或導熱材料。較佳的情況是導熱通路為一金屬材質。於一實施例中,電子封裝結構可以為一直流到直流轉換器封裝結構。
如上述,使儲能裝置與金屬芯印刷電路板間形成一容置空間,並使多個電子元件設於金屬芯印刷電路板上且位於容置空間內,形成堆疊結構有效利用空間,能夠形成高密度之整合的電源裝置。此外,由於金屬芯印刷電路板形成有絕緣層及導熱通路,儲能裝置的引腳能夠耦接於導熱通路,而能夠將儲能裝置所產生的熱,能夠透過引腳及導熱通路傳導至金屬芯印刷電路板的第二側,且當導熱通路為一金屬材質時,還可以透過導熱通路導電,並介由導熱通路與一外部基板(未圖示)電連接。
一實施例中,於金屬芯印刷電路板中,貫穿孔內包含有一導熱通路與一絕緣層,且導熱通路與金屬芯印刷電路板的金屬層呈絕緣狀態,因此能夠使一電子元件電連接於導熱通路時,使電子元件與金屬層呈絕緣狀態,不會發生短路,而能夠與一外部電路基板電連接。
本發明的其他目的和優點可以從本發明所揭露的技術特徵中得到進一步的了解。為讓本發明之上述和其他目的、特徵和優點能更明顯易懂,下文特舉實施例並配合所附圖式,作詳細說明如下。
圖2顯示依本發明一實施例之電子封裝結構。於本發明一實施例中,電子封裝結構200可以為一個直流到直流轉換器封裝結構,亦即為電源供應模組封裝結構。如圖2所示,電子封裝結構200包含一金屬芯印刷電路板(Metal Core PCB;MCPCB)210、多個電子元件220、多條導線230及一儲能裝置240。該些電子元件220設於金屬芯印刷電路板210的一第一側上,且耦接於金屬芯印刷電路板210中的一電路佈局(未圖示)。於本實施例中,該些電子元件220包含一第一電子元件221及一第二電子元件222。第一電子元件221的發熱量大於第二電子元件222的發熱量。更具體而言,第一電子元件可以為功率元件,亦即發熱量較大的電子元件,例如可以為晶片、整合性元件、金屬氧化物半導體場效電晶體(MOSFET)、絕緣閘雙極性電晶體(Insulated-gate bipolar transistor,IGBT)及二極體(Diode),或者為主變壓器及同步整流器。第二電子元件222可以為被動元件或微電子元件,亦即發明量較低的電子元件。
金屬芯印刷電路板210包含一金屬層211及一形成電路佈局用多層結構212。形成電路佈局用多層結構212包含至少一導電線路層及一絕緣層(未圖示)用以形成前述電路佈 局。金屬層211位於金屬芯印刷電路板210之第二側,且第二側相對於第一側。於一實施例中,為增加散熱效果使金屬層211設於形成電路佈局用多層結構212的整個下表面上。
於本實施例中,金屬芯印刷電路板210界定出至少一貫穿孔216,貫穿孔216自金屬芯印刷電路板210的頂面21a貫穿至底面21b。一絕緣層213及一導熱通路214設於一貫穿孔216內,且絕緣層213設於界定貫穿孔216的壁面上,並界定出一開口。導熱通路214設置於前述開口內,使得導熱通路214及金屬層211間隔著絕緣層213。於一實施例中,導熱通路214的材料為金屬,由於絕緣層213介於導熱通路214與金屬芯印刷電路板210的金屬層211之間,因此導熱通路214與金屬層211間不會形成電流迴路。
儲能裝置240可以為一電感裝置,更具體而言可以為一抗流圈(choke)裝置,其包含一抗流圈(choke)242及多個引腳241。該些引腳241設於抗流圈242兩側,耦接於抗流圈242,並朝向遠離抗流圈242之下表面的方向延伸。儲能裝置240設於金屬芯印刷電路板210的第一側,且一引腳241連接一導熱通路214,於抗流圈242與金屬芯印刷電路板210間界定出一空間,用以容置該些電子元件220。如此設計,能夠使儲能裝置240與電子元件220不設於平面上而形成堆疊結構,有效地利用空間,且抗流圈242所產生的熱, 能夠透過引腳241及導熱通路214傳導至金屬芯印刷電路板210的第二側,同時由於導熱通路214為一金屬材質,因此抗流圈242還能夠透過多個引腳241及導熱通路214電連接至一外部電路板900。外部電路板900位於金屬芯印刷電路板210的第二側,而抗流圈242位於金屬芯印刷電路板210的第一側。
此外,由於第一電子元件221的發熱量較大,因此亦可以使第一電子元件221的接腳21a熱接觸於導熱通路214上,第一電子元件221所產生的熱,能夠透過接腳21a及導熱通路214傳導至金屬芯印刷電路板210的第二側,同時由於導熱通路214為一金屬材質,因此第一電子元件221亦可以透過導熱通路214電連接至一外部電路板900。
於圖2實施例中,絕緣層213可以為一塑膠套。塑膠套可以為H型,例如一H型塑膠膨脹螺絲(塑膠壁虎)(expansion bolts)13a,或者為套管式膨脹螺絲。而導熱通路214可以為一鉚釘14a。絕緣層213與導熱通路214的製程可以包含以下步驟。步驟S02,預先在金屬芯印刷電路板210上形成至少一貫穿孔216。步驟S04,隨後將H型塑膠膨脹螺絲13a塞入於貫穿孔216中。步驟S06,最後再將金屬材質的鉚釘14a釘入於H型塑膠膨脹螺絲13a中。於一實施例中,亦可以先將鉚釘14a釘入於H型塑膠膨脹螺絲13a 後,再將鉚釘14a及H型塑膠膨脹螺絲13a一起塞入於貫穿孔216中。
圖3顯示依本發明一實施例之電子封裝結構。圖3實施例之電子封裝結構200a相似於圖2實施例之電子封裝結構200,因此相同的元件使用相同的符號,並省略其詳細說明。如圖3所示,絕緣層213與導熱通路214的製程可以包含以下步驟。步驟S22,預先在金屬芯印刷電路板210上形成至少一貫穿孔216。步驟S24,隨後將高分子材料填充於貫穿孔216中內。步驟S26,於高分子材料中形成一開口,使該開口的面積小於前述貫穿孔216的面積,而形成一絕緣膜13b。步驟S28,最後再將導熱材料14b填充於前述開口內。於一實施例中,可以利用電鍍方式來形成金屬材質的導熱材料14b。於一實施例中,亦可以將一金屬的導電漿填充於前述開口內後再進行退火程序,而形成導熱材料14b。
如上述,形成具有絕緣層213與導熱通路214的金屬芯印刷電路板210後,再將各電子元件220形成於金屬芯印刷電路板210之第一側的表面上(步驟S32),最後將儲能裝置240設置於金屬芯印刷電路板210之第一側,使一引腳241連接一鉚釘14a或導熱材料14b(導熱通路214),而能夠於抗流圈242與金屬芯印刷電路板210間界定出一空間,用以容置該些電子元件220。藉此,即可形成電子封裝結構200 或電子封裝結構200a。
於圖2實施例之電子封裝結構200中,絕緣層213及導熱通路214分別由塑膠膨脹螺絲13a及鉚釘14a所構成,無需進行多道挖孔及填充材料的程序,製造簡便且成本便宜。相對於此,於圖3實施例之電子封裝結構200a中,可以形成各式大小及形狀的絕緣膜13b及導熱材料14b,適合使用於具有較複雜電路的產品中。此外於一實施例中,絕緣層213及導熱通路214可以分別由絕緣膜13b及鉚釘14a所構成,於另一實施例中亦可以分別由塑膠套(13a)及導熱材料14b。
如上述,使儲能裝置240與金屬芯印刷電路板210間形成一容置空間,並使多個電子元件220設於金屬芯印刷電路板210上且位於容置空間內,形成堆疊結構有效利用空間,能夠形成高密度之整合的電源裝置。此外,由於金屬芯印刷電路板210形成有絕緣層213及導熱通路214,儲能裝置240的引腳241能夠耦接於導熱通路214,而能夠將儲能裝置240所產生的熱,能夠透過引腳241及導熱通路214傳導至金屬芯印刷電路板210的第二側,且當導熱通路214為一金屬材質時,還可以透過導熱通路214導電,並介由導熱通路214與一外部電路板電連接。
此外,於本發明中,亦可以不限定要使儲能裝置240與金屬芯印刷電路板210間形成一容置空間,藉以形成堆疊結 構的電子封裝結構200。圖4顯示依本發明一實施例之電子封裝結構。圖4實施例之電子封裝結構200b相似於圖2實施例之電子封裝結構200,因此相同的元件使用相同的符號,並省略其詳細說明。如圖4所示,抗流圈242與電子元件220皆設於金屬芯印刷電路板210的表面上,且不呈堆疊結構。抗流圈242所產生的熱,亦透過引腳241及導熱通路214傳導至金屬芯印刷電路板210的第二側。
雖然本發明已以較佳實施例揭露如上,然其並非用以限定本發明,任何熟習此技藝者,在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內,當可作些許之更動與潤飾,因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。另外,本發明的任一實施例或申請專利範圍不須達成本發明所揭露之全部目的或優點或特點。此外,摘要部分和標題僅是用來輔助專利文件搜尋之用,並非用來限制本發明之權利範圍。
100‧‧‧直流到直流轉換器封裝結構
110‧‧‧銅製基材
120‧‧‧電路板
130‧‧‧主變壓器
13a‧‧‧塑膠膨脹螺絲
13b‧‧‧絕緣膜
140‧‧‧輸出電感
14a‧‧‧鉚釘
14b‧‧‧導熱材料
150‧‧‧同步整流器
160‧‧‧輸出電容器
170‧‧‧輸入電容器
200‧‧‧電子封裝結構
200a‧‧‧電子封裝結構
210‧‧‧金屬芯印刷電路板
211‧‧‧金屬層
212‧‧‧形成電路佈局用多層結構
213‧‧‧絕緣層
214‧‧‧導熱通路
216‧‧‧貫穿孔
21a‧‧‧頂面
21b‧‧‧底面
220‧‧‧電子元件
221‧‧‧第一電子元件
222‧‧‧第二電子元件
230‧‧‧導線
240‧‧‧儲能裝置
241‧‧‧引腳
242‧‧‧抗流圈
900‧‧‧外部電路板
圖1顯示一習知技術之直流到直流轉換器封裝結構。
圖2顯示依本發明一實施例之電子封裝結構。
圖3顯示依本發明一實施例之電子封裝結構。
圖4顯示依本發明一實施例之電子封裝結構。
13a‧‧‧塑膠膨脹螺絲
14a‧‧‧鉚釘
200‧‧‧電子封裝結構
210‧‧‧金屬芯印刷電路板
211‧‧‧金屬層
212‧‧‧形成電路佈局用多層結構
213‧‧‧絕緣層
214‧‧‧導熱通路
216‧‧‧貫穿孔
21a‧‧‧頂面
21b‧‧‧底面
220‧‧‧電子元件
221‧‧‧第一電子元件
222‧‧‧第二電子元件
230‧‧‧導線
241‧‧‧引腳
242‧‧‧抗流圈

Claims (15)

  1. 一種電子封裝結構,包含:一金屬芯印刷電路板,包含一第一表面及一第二表面,且界定有至少一貫穿孔,其中該第一表面相對於該第二表面,該貫穿孔從該第一表面延伸至該第二表面,且該金屬芯印刷電路板包含:一金屬層;一形成電路佈局用多層結構,設於該金屬層上且包含有一電路佈局;至少一絕緣層,設於該至少一貫穿孔內;及至少一導熱通路,設於該至少一貫穿孔內且該至少一導熱通路及該金屬層間隔著該至少一絕緣層,以使該至少一導熱通路及該金屬層呈絕緣狀態;一儲能裝置,包含至少一引腳,該至少一引腳朝遠離該儲能裝置的方向延伸並熱接觸該至少一導熱通路,用以將該儲能裝置所產生的熱透過該引腳及該導熱通路從該第一表面傳導至該第二表面,且該儲能裝置與該金屬芯印刷電路板間形成一容置空間;以及至少一電子元件,耦接該電路佈局且位於該容置空間內。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之電子封裝結構,其中,該至少一貫穿孔、該至少一絕緣層及該至少一導熱通路 皆為多數個;該些電子元件包含一第一電子元件及一第二電子元件,且該第一電子元件的發熱量大於該第二電子元件的發熱量,該第一電子元件熱接觸該些導熱通路其一。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之電子封裝結構,其中該至少一絕緣層包含一H型塑膠套或一套管式塑膠套。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1或3項所述之電子封裝結構,其中該至少一導熱通路包含一鉚釘。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第4項所述之電子封裝結構,其中該鉚釘為金屬材質,且該至少一引腳電連接該鉚釘,藉以使該儲能裝置電連接至一外部電路板。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之電子封裝結構,其中該至少一絕緣層包含一絕緣膜。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第6項所述之電子封裝結構,其中該至少一導熱通路包含一導熱材料。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第7項所述之電子封裝結構,其中該導熱材料為金屬材質,且該至少一引腳電連接該導熱材料。
  9. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之電子封裝結構,其中該電子封裝結構為一直流到直流轉換器封裝結構。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之電子封裝結構,其中該儲能裝置更包含一抗流圈,且該至少一引腳設於該抗流圈之 一側。
  11. 一種金屬芯印刷電路板,具有一第一表面及一第二表面,且界定有至少一貫穿孔,其中該第一表面相對於該第二表面,該貫穿孔從該第一表面延伸至該第二表面,且該金屬芯印刷電路板包含:一金屬層;一形成電路佈局用多層結構,設於該金屬層上且包含有一電路佈局;至少一絕緣層,設於該至少一貫穿孔內;及至少一導熱通路,設於該至少一貫穿孔內且該至少一導熱通路及該金屬層間隔著該至少一絕緣層,以使該至少一導熱通路及該金屬層呈絕緣狀態,藉以使一電子裝置電連接於該導熱通路時,該電子裝置與該金屬層呈絕緣狀態。
  12. 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之金屬芯印刷電路板,其中該至少一絕緣層包含一H型塑膠套或一套管式塑膠套。
  13. 如申請專利範圍第11或12項所述之金屬芯印刷電路板,其中該至少一導熱通路包含一鉚釘。
  14. 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之金屬芯印刷電路板,其中該至少一絕緣層包含一絕緣膜。
  15. 如申請專利範圍第14項所述之金屬芯印刷電路板,其 中該至少一導熱通路包含一導熱材料。
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US20120268896A1 (en) 2012-10-25

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