TWI441655B - Composition containing piceatannol and method for preparing same - Google Patents
Composition containing piceatannol and method for preparing same Download PDFInfo
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Description
本發明係有關含有源自百香果種子之白皮杉醇的含有白皮杉醇之組成物、以及該組成物之製造方法。The present invention relates to a composition containing paclitaxel derived from paclitaxel derived from passion fruit seeds, and a method for producing the composition.
在下述非專利文獻1中，記載源自葡萄之屬於多酚類(polyphenol)化合物之白藜蘆醇(Resveratrol)和白皮杉醇(Piceatannol)由對產黑色素細胞(melanin-producing cell)所致之黑色素生成作用具有抑制效果。然而，在用以確認其作用效果之試驗中係使用市售之試劑，而關於獲得含有源自葡萄等天然物之白皮杉醇等的組成物並未記載。In the following Non-Patent Document 1, it is described that Resveratrol and Piceatannol which are derived from a polyphenol compound derived from grapes are caused by melanin-producing cells. The melanin production has an inhibitory effect. However, a commercially available reagent is used in the test for confirming the effect of the action, and a composition for obtaining a paclitaxel or the like containing a natural product such as grape is not described.
另一方面，在下述專利文獻1中，記載從虎仗(Reynoutria japonica Houtt. var. japnica)根部之萃取物中廉價、有選擇性且效率良好地將白藜蘆醇予以濃縮‧回收。此外，在下述專利文獻2中，計載含有白藜蘆醇之越橘(Vaccinium vitis-idaea L)萃取物。再者，在下述專利文獻3、4中，有關於百香果(西番蓮科，Passiflora sp.)之萃取物，尤其是百香果之果皮之萃取物的記載，而有關於該萃取物之使用於食品、營養補助食品、及醫學用之記載。On the other hand, in the following Patent Document 1, it is described that resveratrol is concentrated and efficiently collected from the extract of the root of Reynoutria japonica Houtt. var. japnica, and is efficiently and efficiently collected. Further, in Patent Document 2 listed below, a Vaccinium vitis-idaea L extract containing resveratrol is loaded. Further, in the following Patent Documents 3 and 4, there is a description about the extract of Passion fruit (Passiflora sp.), especially the extract of the fruit of the passion fruit, and the use of the extract. Recorded in food, nutritional supplements, and medical use.
然而，上述文獻之技術，皆並非提供屬於從天然物所得之組成物且高量含有白皮杉醇者的技術。However, the techniques of the above documents do not provide a technique belonging to a composition obtained from a natural product and containing a high amount of paclitaxel.
[先行技術文獻][Advanced technical literature]
[專利文獻][Patent Literature]
[專利文獻1]日本特開2005-281179號公報[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2005-281179
[專利文獻2]日本特開2009-13159號公報[Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2009-13159
[專利文獻3]日本特開2007-302659號公報[Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2007-302659
[專利文獻4]日本特開2007-531734號公報[Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2007-531734
[非專利文獻][Non-patent literature]
[非專利文獻1]Takako Yokozawa and You Jung Kim,Piceatannol Inhibits Melanogenesis By Its Antioxidative Actions,Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin Vol. 30(2007)No.11 p2007-2011[Non-Patent Document 1] Takako Yokozawa and You Jung Kim, Piceatannol Inhibits Melanogenesis By Its Antioxidative Actions, Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin Vol. 30 (2007) No. 11 p2007-2011
就關於食品安全之一般觀念而言，調配於機能性食品和健康食品等飲食品中之白皮杉醇，係以源自天然物者為佳。但是，以往並未知富含白皮杉醇之天然物，此外，從葡萄等天然物僅能獲得其含量極低之組成物。As far as the general concept of food safety is concerned, paclitaxel formulated in foods and drinks such as functional foods and health foods is preferably derived from natural products. However, in the past, natural products rich in paclitaxel were not known, and only compositions having extremely low contents were obtained from natural products such as grapes.
因此，本發明之目的係提供一種屬於源自天然物之組成物且高量含有白皮杉醇的含有白皮杉醇之組成物，並且提供該含有白皮杉醇之組成物之製造方法。Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a composition containing paclitaxel which is a composition derived from a natural product and which contains a high amount of paclitaxel, and a method for producing the composition containing the paclitaxel.
本發明人等為了達成上述目的而精心研究，結果發現在以往無利用用途而被廢棄之百香果種子中富含白皮杉醇，因而完成本發明。The present inventors have intensively studied in order to achieve the above object, and as a result, it has been found that the passion fruit seed which has been discarded in the past without being used for use is rich in paclitaxel, and thus the present invention has been completed.
亦即，本發明之含有白皮杉醇之組成物係含有從百香果種子獲得之白皮杉醇0.0001至99.9質量%之含量者。That is, the composition containing paclitaxel of the present invention contains a content of from 0.0001 to 99.9% by mass of paclitaxel obtained from the passion fruit seed.
若依據本發明之含有白皮杉醇之組成物，即可提供高量含有白皮杉醇之源自天然物之組成物。然後，由於其為源自天然物之組成物，故亦適合調配至化粧品和醫藥品，甚至是機能性食品和健康食品等飲食品中。According to the composition containing paclitaxel according to the present invention, a high-content composition derived from natural substances containing paclitaxel can be provided. Then, since it is a composition derived from natural products, it is also suitable for blending into cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, and even foods such as functional foods and health foods.
另一方面，本發明之含有白皮杉醇之組成物的製造方法，係在將百香果種子粉碎後，添加選自含水之醇系溶媒及含水之酮系溶媒所成群組之至少一種並攪拌，在前述溶媒中萃取白皮杉醇。On the other hand, in the method for producing a composition containing paclitaxel according to the present invention, at least one selected from the group consisting of a water-containing alcohol-based solvent and a water-containing ketone-based solvent is prepared by pulverizing the passion fruit seed. Stirring was carried out to extract the paclitaxel in the aforementioned solvent.
若依據本發明之含有白皮杉醇之組成物的製造方法，由於在從百香果種子萃取白皮杉醇時係使用含水之醇系溶媒或含水之酮系溶媒，故可收率良好地製造屬於源自天然物之組成物且高量含有白皮杉醇者。According to the method for producing a composition containing paclitaxel according to the present invention, since the aqueous alcohol-based solvent or the aqueous ketone-based solvent is used for extracting paclitaxel from the passion fruit seed, the yield can be favorably produced. It belongs to a composition derived from natural products and contains a high amount of paclitaxel.
在本發明之含有白皮杉醇之組成物的製造方法中，較佳係在將百香果種子粉碎後，添加含水之醇系溶媒及含水之酮系溶媒中之任一者並攪拌，在該溶媒中萃取白皮杉醇而獲得第1萃取物，更進一步，在未作為前述萃取物回收之殘渣中，添加含水之醇系溶媒及含水之酮系溶媒中上述未選擇之另一者並攪拌，在該溶媒中萃取白皮杉醇而獲得第2萃取物，並將前述第1萃取物與第2萃取物混合。若依據此態樣，由於是以複數種溶媒進行階段性萃取，故可收率更佳地製造高量含有白皮杉醇的含有白皮杉醇之組成物。In the method for producing a composition containing paclitaxel according to the present invention, it is preferred to pulverize the passion fruit seed, and then add any one of a water-based alcohol-based solvent and a water-containing ketone-based solvent, and stir. The first extract is obtained by extracting paclitaxel in a solvent, and further, in the residue which is not recovered as the extract, a water-containing alcohol-based solvent and a water-containing ketone-based solvent are added to the other unselected one and stirred. The second extract is obtained by extracting paclitaxel in the solvent, and mixing the first extract with the second extract. According to this aspect, since the stepwise extraction is carried out by a plurality of solvents, a high-content composition containing paclitaxel containing paclitaxel can be produced more preferably.
在本發明之含有白皮杉醇之組成物的製造方法中，前述百香果種子以百香果之生種子或將百香果之生種子乾燥而成之種子為佳。In the method for producing a composition containing paclitaxel according to the present invention, the seed of the passion fruit is preferably a seed of the passion fruit or a seed obtained by drying the seed of the passion fruit.
此外，在本發明之含有白皮杉醇之組成物的製造方法中，前述含水之醇系溶媒係以含水之乙醇為佳，或前述含水之酮系溶媒係以含水之丙酮為佳。就其含水率而言，當其為含水之乙醇時，以含有20至99.9體積%乙醇者為佳。當其為含水之丙酮時，以含有20至99.9體積%丙酮者為佳。依據此等態樣，則白皮杉醇之萃取效率更佳。Further, in the method for producing a composition containing paclitaxel according to the present invention, the aqueous alcohol-based solvent is preferably aqueous ethanol, or the aqueous ketone-based solvent is preferably aqueous acetone. In terms of its water content, when it is aqueous ethanol, it is preferred to contain 20 to 99.9% by volume of ethanol. When it is aqueous acetone, it is preferred to contain 20 to 99.9% by volume of acetone. According to these aspects, the extraction efficiency of paclitaxel is better.
在本發明之含有白皮杉醇之組成物的製造方法中，於前述各溶媒中之攪拌係以藉由超音波振動或震盪進行為佳。依據此態樣，則白皮杉醇之萃取效率更佳。In the method for producing a composition containing paclitaxel according to the present invention, the stirring in each of the above solvents is preferably performed by ultrasonic vibration or vibration. According to this aspect, the extraction efficiency of paclitaxel is better.
此外，在本發明之含有白皮杉醇之組成物的製造方法中，在萃取後，以減壓餾去溶媒為佳。Further, in the method for producing a composition containing paclitaxel according to the present invention, it is preferred to distill off the solvent under reduced pressure after the extraction.
另一方面，本發明之另一態樣為一種飲食品，其係添加含有從百香果種子獲得之白皮杉醇0.0001至99.9質量%含量的含有白皮杉醇之組成物。On the other hand, another aspect of the present invention is a food or drink comprising adding a composition containing paclitaxel in an amount of 0.0001 to 99.9% by mass of paclitaxel obtained from passion fruit seeds.
另外，本發明之再另一態樣為一種化粧品，其係添加含有從百香果種子獲得之白皮杉醇0.0001至99.9質量%含量的含有白皮杉醇之組成物。Further, still another aspect of the present invention is a cosmetic comprising a composition containing paclitaxel containing 0.0001 to 99.9% by mass of paclitaxel obtained from passion fruit seeds.
若依據本發明之含有白皮杉醇之組成物，即可提供高量含有白皮杉醇之源自天然物之組成物。然後，由於其為源自天然物之組成物，故亦適合調配至化粧品和醫藥品，甚至是機能性食品和健康食品等飲食品中。另一方面，若依據本發明之含有白皮杉醇之組成物的製造方法，由於是使用含水之醇系溶媒或含水之酮系溶媒作為用以從百香果種子萃取白皮杉醇之溶媒，故可收率良好地製造屬於源自天然物之組成物且高量含有白皮杉醇者。此外，亦可使用屬於含水之醇系溶媒或含水之酮系溶媒的複數種溶媒來進行階段性萃取，藉此而可以更佳收率製造。According to the composition containing paclitaxel according to the present invention, a high-content composition derived from natural substances containing paclitaxel can be provided. Then, since it is a composition derived from natural products, it is also suitable for blending into cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, and even foods such as functional foods and health foods. On the other hand, according to the method for producing a composition containing paclitaxel according to the present invention, since an aqueous alcohol-based solvent or a water-containing ketone-based solvent is used as a solvent for extracting paclitaxel from the passion fruit seed, Therefore, it is possible to produce a composition which is derived from a natural product and which contains a high amount of paclitaxel in a good yield. Further, it is also possible to carry out stepwise extraction using a plurality of solvents which are aqueous alcohol-based solvents or aqueous ketone-based solvents, whereby it can be produced in a better yield.
本發明之含有白皮杉醇之組成物係從百香果種子獲得之組成物，並含有0.0001至99.9質量%含量的白皮杉醇。其形狀可為液狀、固形狀、半固形狀、凝膠狀等，此外，亦可為百香果種子本身、或將種子粉碎而成之漿體、或將種子冷凍乾燥並粉碎而成之粉末等種子加工物。該白皮杉醇之固形份換算含量係以0.0001至99.9質量%為佳，以0.01至50質量%為更佳，並以0.1至10質量%為最佳。The paclitaxel-containing composition of the present invention is a composition obtained from the passion fruit seed, and contains a content of 0.0001 to 99.9% by mass of paclitaxel. The shape may be a liquid shape, a solid shape, a semi-solid shape, a gel shape, or the like, or may be a passion fruit seed itself, or a slurry obtained by pulverizing seeds, or a powder obtained by freeze-drying and pulverizing seeds. Such as seed processing. The content of the solid content of the paclitaxel is preferably 0.0001 to 99.9% by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 50% by mass, and most preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass.
白皮杉醇係如下述化學式(1)所示。The paclitaxel is represented by the following chemical formula (1).
雖然上述化學式所示之白皮杉醇係以反式烯基連結2個苯基所成結構的反式白皮杉醇，但在本發明中，白皮杉醇之概念亦包括上述化學式中以順式烯基連結2個苯基所成結構的順式白皮杉醇。Although the paclitaxel represented by the above chemical formula is a trans-cetrubin having a structure in which a trans-alkenyl group is bonded to two phenyl groups, in the present invention, the concept of paclitaxel also includes the above chemical formula. The cis-alkenyl group is a cis-type paclitaxel having a structure in which two phenyl groups are bonded.
百香果為西番蓮屬西番蓮科之植物，於日本之別名為果物時鐘草，其果實係作為酸酸甜甜之水果而直接食用，或將其果實汁液作為果汁而飲用，或調配至果凍、蛋糕等飲食品用於附加風味。百香果之種子堅硬，當製成果汁等時係從果實中去除種子，即使是將果實連著種子一起飲用食用時，亦因其外皮堅硬難以消化，而直接***。本發明係依據發現在以往無利用用途而被廢棄之百香果種子中富含白皮杉醇而完成的發明。又，本發明中所使用之百香果種子，由以往至今之百香果食用經驗亦已證明，即使調配至機能性食品和健康食品等飲食品，其安全性亦不會有問題。Passion fruit is a plant of the Passiflora genus Passiflora. It is also known as the fruit clock grass in Japan. Its fruit is eaten directly as a sweet and sour fruit, or its fruit juice is used as a fruit juice, or it is blended to Foods such as jelly and cakes are used for additional flavors. The seeds of passion fruit are hard. When they are made into juice, etc., the seeds are removed from the fruit. Even if the fruit is mixed with the seeds, it is directly excreted because the skin is hard and difficult to digest. The present invention is based on the discovery that paclitaxel is found to be rich in paclitaxel seeds which have been discarded in the past. Further, the passion fruit seed used in the present invention has been proven to have no problem in safety even if it is blended into functional foods such as functional foods and health foods.
本發明之含有白皮杉醇之組成物較佳係可藉由例如將百香果生種子或經乾燥之百香果種子予以粉碎，並使用各種溶媒進行萃取之方法而獲得。為了使萃取效率更佳，亦可先適當地對於該百香果種子施予酸或鹼分解、酵素分解等化學處理，再進行萃取。更進一步，若依據下述說明之本發明之含有白皮杉醇之組成物的製造方法，由於可收率特佳地獲得含有高量白皮杉醇之組成物，故以依據該方法獲得為最佳。The composition containing paclitaxel of the present invention is preferably obtained by, for example, pulverizing passion fruit seed or dried passion fruit seed, and extracting it using various solvents. In order to improve the extraction efficiency, the passion fruit seed may be appropriately subjected to chemical treatment such as acid or alkali decomposition or enzyme decomposition, and then extracted. Further, according to the method for producing a composition containing paclitaxel according to the present invention described below, since a composition containing a high amount of paclitaxel is particularly excellent in yield, it is obtained according to the method. optimal.
以下，說明關於本發明之含有白皮杉醇之組成物的製造方法。Hereinafter, a method for producing a composition containing paclitaxel according to the present invention will be described.
在本發明之含有白皮杉醇之組成物的製造方法中，首先，將百香果種子粉碎。百香果種子可直接使用生種子、或經乾燥之百香果種子，而為了使萃取效率更佳，亦可先適當地對於該百香果種子施予酸或鹼分解、酵素分解等化學處理，再進行萃取。粉碎可使用周知之粉碎機進行。又，由於百香果種子之油份多，故在粉碎後有成為漿體狀之情形。In the method for producing a composition containing paclitaxel according to the present invention, first, the passion fruit seed is pulverized. The passion fruit seed can directly use the raw seed or the dried passion fruit seed, and in order to make the extraction efficiency better, the seed of the passion fruit can be appropriately subjected to chemical treatment such as acid or alkali decomposition, enzyme decomposition, and the like. extraction. The pulverization can be carried out using a known pulverizer. Further, since the passion fruit seeds have a large amount of oil, they are in a slurry form after the pulverization.
其次，對經粉碎之百香果種子，添加選自含水之醇系溶媒及含水之酮系溶媒所成群組之至少一種並攪拌，在該溶媒中萃取白皮杉醇。Next, at least one selected from the group consisting of an aqueous alcohol-based solvent and a water-containing ketone-based solvent is added to the pulverized passion fruit seed and stirred, and the paclitaxel is extracted from the solvent.
含水之醇系溶媒可使用乙醇、甲醇、丙醇等之含水溶媒，尤以含水之乙醇為佳。此外，含水之酮系溶媒可使用丙酮、甲基乙基酮、二乙基酮、氯丙酮等之含水溶媒，尤以含水之丙酮為佳。As the aqueous alcohol-based solvent, an aqueous solvent such as ethanol, methanol or propanol can be used, and particularly preferably aqueous ethanol. Further, as the aqueous ketone solvent, an aqueous solvent such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, diethyl ketone or chloroacetone can be used, and in particular, aqueous acetone is preferred.
就其含水率而言，當其為含水之乙醇時，以含有20至99.9體積%乙醇者為佳，以含有40至99.9體積%者為更佳，並以含有60至80體積%者為最佳。當其為含水之丙酮時，以含有20至99.9體積%丙酮者為佳，以含有40至99.9體積%者為更佳，並以含有60至80體積%者為最佳。若超出上述範圍，由於白皮杉醇之萃取效率會變差，故不佳。又，以下，關於含水溶媒之含水率之標示，為了簡便化，例如將含水20體積%之80體積%乙醇標示為「80%含水乙醇」。另外，例如將含水30體積%之70體積%乙醇標示為「70%含水乙醇」。再者，例如將含水30體積%之70體積%丙酮標示為「70%含水丙酮」。In terms of its water content, when it is aqueous ethanol, it is preferably from 20 to 99.9% by volume of ethanol, more preferably from 40 to 99.9% by volume, and most preferably from 60 to 80% by volume. good. When it is aqueous acetone, it is preferably from 20 to 99.9% by volume of acetone, more preferably from 40 to 99.9% by volume, and most preferably from 60 to 80% by volume. If it exceeds the above range, the extraction efficiency of paclitaxel may be deteriorated, which is not preferable. Further, in the following, for the purpose of simplifying the water content of the aqueous solvent, for example, 80% by volume of water containing 20% by volume of ethanol is referred to as "80% aqueous ethanol". Further, for example, 70% by volume of water containing 30% by volume of water is referred to as "70% aqueous ethanol". Further, for example, 30% by volume of 70% by volume of acetone containing water is referred to as "70% aqueous acetone".
在本發明之含有白皮杉醇之組成物的製造方法中，上述各溶媒中之攪拌係以藉由超音波振動或震盪進行為佳。藉此，由於對於經粉碎之接觸上述各溶媒之百香果種子會有效地賦予振動，故可提高使白皮杉醇從百香果種子往上述各溶媒中之萃取效率。超音波振動可藉由周知之超音波裝置而賦予。此外。震盪可藉由周知之震盪裝置而賦予。In the method for producing a composition containing paclitaxel according to the present invention, it is preferred that the stirring in each of the above solvents be carried out by ultrasonic vibration or vibration. Thereby, since the vibration is effectively imparted to the passion fruit seed which is pulverized and contacted with each of the above solvents, the extraction efficiency of the paclitaxel from the passion fruit seed to the respective solvents can be improved. Ultrasonic vibration can be imparted by a well-known ultrasonic device. Also. The oscillation can be imparted by a well-known oscillating device.
另外，在本發明之含有白皮杉醇之組成物的製造方法中，在萃取後，以減壓餾去上述溶媒為佳。藉此，可製成不含有機溶媒之組成物，即使是作為用以調配於機能性食品和健康食品等飲食品中之食品素材，亦可適合其安全性之基準等。Further, in the method for producing a composition containing paclitaxel according to the present invention, it is preferred to distill off the solvent under reduced pressure after the extraction. In this way, it is possible to obtain a composition containing no organic solvent, and it is suitable as a food material for use in foods and drinks such as functional foods and health foods, and is suitable for safety standards.
在本發明之含有白皮杉醇之組成物的製造方法中，可使用複數種溶媒來進行階段性萃取。藉此，可收率更佳地製造含有高量白皮杉醇的含有白皮杉醇之組成物。In the method for producing a composition containing paclitaxel according to the present invention, a plurality of kinds of solvents can be used for the stepwise extraction. Thereby, a composition containing paclitaxel containing a high amount of paclitaxel can be produced more preferably in a yield.
具體而言，例如，在將百香果種子粉碎後，添加上述含水之醇系溶媒及上述含水之酮系溶媒中之任一者並攪拌，於該溶媒中萃取白皮杉醇而獲得第1萃取物。藉由離心等將萃取物、與未作為該萃取物回收之殘渣分離，對該殘渣添加上述溶媒中未選擇之另一者並攪拌，於該溶媒中萃取白皮杉醇而獲得第2萃取物。然後，將前述第1萃取物與第2萃取物混合。又，當然亦可單獨利用該第2萃取物作為百香果種子之萃取物。Specifically, for example, after the passion fruit seed is pulverized, any one of the aqueous alcohol-based solvent and the aqueous ketone-based solvent is added and stirred, and the first extraction is performed by extracting the paclitaxel in the solvent. Things. The extract is separated from the residue which is not recovered as the extract by centrifugation or the like, and the other one of the solvents selected is added to the residue and stirred, and the second extract is obtained by extracting the paclitaxel in the solvent. . Then, the first extract is mixed with the second extract. Further, of course, the second extract may be used alone as an extract of passion fruit seeds.
此外，由於認為百香果種子會因受到以上述含水之醇系溶媒或上述含水之酮系溶媒進行之第1萃取處理，而使其質地(texture)等特性因萃取而變成更佳，因此，在進行其次之第2萃取處理時，使用上述含水之醇系溶媒或上述含水之酮系溶媒之情形固不待贅言，即使是使用其以外之溶媒亦可期待改善其萃取效率。再者，如後述之實施例所示，由於認為上述含水之醇系溶媒或上述含水之酮系溶媒的萃取效率係因含水而為較佳，因此，若對於百香果種子以水或水性溶媒進行第1處理，則在進行其次之第2萃取處理時，使用上述含水之醇系溶媒或上述含水之酮系溶媒之情形固不待贅言，即使是使用其以外之溶媒亦可期待改善其萃取效率。Further, it is considered that the passion fruit seed is subjected to the first extraction treatment by the aqueous alcohol-based solvent or the aqueous ketone-based solvent, and the properties such as texture are preferably improved by extraction. In the case where the second aqueous extraction treatment is carried out, it is not necessary to use the aqueous alcohol-based solvent or the aqueous ketone-based solvent, and it is expected that the extraction efficiency can be improved even if a solvent other than the solvent is used. Further, as shown in the examples to be described later, it is considered that the extraction efficiency of the aqueous alcohol-based solvent or the aqueous ketone-based solvent is preferably water-containing, so that the passion fruit seed is treated with water or an aqueous solvent. In the first treatment, it is needless to say that the aqueous alcohol-based solvent or the aqueous ketone-based solvent is used in the second extraction treatment, and it is expected that the extraction efficiency can be improved even if a solvent other than the solvent is used.
依上述方法所得之百香果種子之萃取物，亦可直接或將濃縮成液體狀者作為含有白皮杉醇之組成物。更進一步，亦可將經冷凍乾燥或噴霧乾燥而粉末化之粉末狀者作為含有白皮杉醇之組成物。並且，並非限制於此等形態。萃取物中所含之不溶物可適當地藉由過濾等而去除。亦可將不溶物再加以粉碎而製成微細粒子狀。The extract of the passion fruit seed obtained by the above method may be directly or concentrated into a liquid form as a composition containing paclitaxel. Further, a powder which is pulverized by lyophilization or spray drying may be used as a composition containing paclitaxel. Moreover, it is not limited to such a form. The insoluble matter contained in the extract can be appropriately removed by filtration or the like. The insoluble matter may be further pulverized to obtain fine particles.
此外，亦可將依上述所得之源自百香果種子之一次萃取物，藉由離子交換、尺寸排除層析法、HPLC法、凝膠過濾、膜分離等，以白皮杉醇作為指標而進行區分、精製，使其成為含有白皮杉醇之組成物。In addition, the primary extract derived from the passion fruit seed obtained by the above may also be subjected to ion exchange, size exclusion chromatography, HPLC method, gel filtration, membrane separation, etc., using paclitaxel as an index. It is differentiated and refined to make it a composition containing paclitaxel.
具體而言，例如，如後述之實施例所示，將從百香果種子所萃取出之組成物以下述條件進行HPLC時，白皮杉醇會在41分鐘附近溶出。另外，對於此溶出區分以質量分析裝置進行質譜測定時，負離子模式之信號係呈現m/z 243。Specifically, for example, as shown in the examples below, when the composition extracted from the passion fruit seed is subjected to HPLC under the following conditions, the paclitaxel is eluted in the vicinity of 41 minutes. Further, when the mass spectrometry was performed by the mass spectrometer for this elution, the signal of the negative ion mode showed m/z 243.
‧管柱：Mightysil RP-18 GP150-4.6，徑4.6mm，長150mm(關東化學股份有限公司製)‧Tube: Mightysil RP-18 GP150-4.6, diameter 4.6mm, length 150mm (made by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.)
‧管柱溫度：40℃‧column temperature: 40 ° C
‧溶出條件：流速1mL/分鐘，0%甲醇→30%甲醇(60分鐘)‧ Dissolution conditions: flow rate 1mL / min, 0% methanol → 30% methanol (60 minutes)
‧UV檢測：280nm‧UV detection: 280nm
因此，在本發明中，以如上述所例示之白皮杉醇之物性作為指標，適當地進行區分、精製，即可調製已提高白皮杉醇含量的含有源自百香果種子之白皮杉醇之組成物。Therefore, in the present invention, the physical properties of the paclitaxel as exemplified above are appropriately classified and refined, and the white cedar containing the seed of the passion fruit can be prepared by adjusting the content of the paclitaxel. The composition of the alcohol.
本發明之含有白皮杉醇之組成物可因應需要而添加藥學所容許之基材或載體，並製成錠劑、顆粒劑、散劑、液劑、粉末、顆粒、膠囊劑、膠凍狀(jelly)劑等形態而利用於醫藥，此外，亦可製成軟膏劑、乳霜劑、膠狀劑、敷膜(pack)、化粧水、化粧料等形態而利用於化粧品。The composition containing paclitaxel of the present invention may be added with a pharmaceutically acceptable substrate or carrier as needed, and may be prepared into tablets, granules, powders, liquids, powders, granules, capsules, jelly (jelly The agent or the like is used in medicine, and may be used in cosmetics such as an ointment, a cream, a gel, a pack, a lotion, and a cosmetic.
另外，本發明之含有白皮杉醇之組成物亦可調配於特定保健用食品、營養補助食品、機能性食品等而攝取。此等食品可列舉如：巧克力、小餅乾(biscuit)、口香糖、糖果、甜餅乾(cookie)、膠狀軟糖(gummy)、打錠糖果等甜點類；穀類食品(cereal)；粉末飲料、清涼飲料、乳類飲料、營養飲料、碳酸飲料、膠凍狀飲料等飲料；冰淇淋、果汁雪泥(sherbet)等冰點。更進一步，較佳者亦可例示如義大利麵、烏龍麵、麵線等麵類。此外，只要是使用於特定保健用食品或營養補助食品等時，亦可為粉末、顆粒、膠囊、糖漿、錠劑、糖衣錠等形態者。Moreover, the composition containing the paclitaxel of the present invention can also be ingested in a specific health food, a nutritional supplement food, a functional food or the like. Such foods can be exemplified by chocolate, biscuit, chewing gum, candy, cookie, gummy, candy, etc.; cereal (cereal); powdered beverage, cool Beverages, dairy drinks, nutritional drinks, carbonated drinks, jelly-like drinks, etc.; ice cream, juice, sherbet and other freezing points. Further, preferred ones may also be exemplified by pastas such as Italian pasta, Udon noodles, and noodle. In addition, when it is used for a specific health food or nutraceutical food, it may be in the form of a powder, a granule, a capsule, a syrup, a lozenge, a sugar-coated tablet, or the like.
以下列舉實施例具體說明本發明，但此等實施例並未限定本發明之範圍。The invention is specifically illustrated by the following examples, but these examples do not limit the scope of the invention.
將百香果分成果皮、果肉、種子3部位，分別進行冷凍乾燥，以粉碎機(商品名「Sample mill型式SK-M」，協立理工股份有限公司)粉碎後，以80%含水乙醇進行萃取。離心後，取其上清液並以蒸發器濃縮後，進行冷凍乾燥而製成粉末。將此粉末溶於水作為萃取物。接著，分別將固形份濃度，對於種子萃取物係稀釋至0.01g/mL，對於果皮萃取物或果肉萃取物則稀釋至0.1g/mL，然後將該等各5μL進行HPLC。The passion fruit, the pulp, and the seeds were separately lyophilized and pulverized by a pulverizer (product name "Sample mill type SK-M", Xie Li Technology Co., Ltd.), and then extracted with 80% aqueous ethanol. . After centrifugation, the supernatant was taken and concentrated by an evaporator, and then freeze-dried to obtain a powder. This powder was dissolved in water as an extract. Next, the solid concentration was diluted to 0.01 g/mL for the seed extract, and diluted to 0.1 g/mL for the peel extract or pulp extract, and then 5 μL of each was subjected to HPLC.
‧管柱：Mightysil RP-18 GP150-4.6，徑4.6mm，長150mm(關東化學股份有限公司製)‧Tube: Mightysil RP-18 GP150-4.6, diameter 4.6mm, length 150mm (made by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.)
‧管柱溫度：40℃‧column temperature: 40 ° C
‧溶出條件：流速1mL/分鐘，0%甲醇→30%甲醇(60分鐘)‧ Dissolution conditions: flow rate 1mL / min, 0% methanol → 30% methanol (60 minutes)
‧UV檢測：280nm‧UV detection: 280nm
在第1圖(A)至第1圖(C)中，表示上述各萃取物之HPLC層析圖。其結果如第1圖(A)所示，種子萃取物在41分鐘附近可見到波峰。相較於此，從果皮及果肉所得之萃取物，注入之固形份濃度雖為種子萃取物之10倍，在41分鐘附近仍無法確認到波峰。Fig. 1 (A) to Fig. 1 (C) show HPLC chromatograms of the above respective extracts. As a result, as shown in Fig. 1 (A), a peak was observed in the seed extract near 41 minutes. In contrast, the extract obtained from the peel and pulp had a solid concentration of 10 times that of the seed extract, and no peak was observed near 41 minutes.
其次，以下述方法鑑定種子萃取物在41分鐘附近溶出之成分為何種物質。Next, the substance in which the seed extract was dissolved in the vicinity of 41 minutes was identified by the following method.
首先，使用KPLC/質量分析裝置(Thermo electron股份有限公司製，裝置名「Thermo-LCQ-MS/MS」)測定其質譜(第2圖(A))。以正離子模式及負離子模式2模式進行檢討，發現在負離子模式可見到良好之離子，故使用其數據。其結果，主要信號m/z 243為(M-H)- ，其他波峰m/z 279係歸屬於(M+2H2 O-H)- ，m/z 487係歸屬於(M×2-H)- 。因此，決定分子量為244。此外，取得UV譜時，觀察到λmax 為220nm、304nm、322nm(第2圖(B))。First, the mass spectrum was measured using a KPLC/mass spectrometer (manufactured by Thermo Electro Co., Ltd., device name "Thermo-LCQ-MS/MS") (Fig. 2 (A)). In the positive ion mode and the negative ion mode 2 mode, it was found that good ions were observed in the negative ion mode, so the data was used. As a result, the main signal m/z 243 is (MH) - , the other peaks m/z 279 are attributed to (M+2H 2 OH) - , and the m/z 487 is attributed to (M × 2-H) - . Therefore, the molecular weight was determined to be 244. Further, when the UV spectrum was obtained, λ max was observed to be 220 nm, 304 nm, and 322 nm (Fig. 2(B)).
此等質譜和UV譜之結果係與花生果皮所含有之屬於多酚之白藜蘆醇(Resveratrol，分子量228)類似(參照第3圖(A)、(B))。此外，亦確認到其會吸附於作為另外吸附多酚之樹脂的聚乙烯基聚吡咯啶酮(PVPP：polyvinylpolypyrrolidone)。再者，上述41分鐘附近之波峰，相較於在相同HPLC條件下之白藜蘆醇之保持時間，其逆相管柱之保持時間較小。綜上所述，上述種子萃取物在保持時間41分鐘附近溶出之成分，係比白藜蘆醇大了1個羥基之分子量，故推測是下述式(1)所示之白皮杉醇(Piceatannol，分子量244)。The results of these mass spectra and UV spectra are similar to those of polyphenols (Resveratrol, molecular weight 228) contained in peanut peel (see Fig. 3 (A), (B)). Further, it was confirmed that it was adsorbed to polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP: polyvinylpolypyrrolidone) which is a resin which adsorbs polyphenol. Further, the peak near the above 41 minutes has a smaller retention time of the reverse phase column than the retention time of resveratrol under the same HPLC conditions. As described above, the seed extract is eluted in the vicinity of the holding time of 41 minutes, and the molecular weight of one hydroxyl group is larger than that of resveratrol. Therefore, it is presumed to be paclitaxel represented by the following formula (1) ( Piceatannol, molecular weight 244).
在此，對於白皮杉醇之純化合物(SIGMA公司製)進行與上述相同條件之HPLC分析，更進一步獲得質譜和UV譜(第4圖(A)、(B))。其結果，HPLC中之保持時間、質譜和UV譜之歸屬係完全一致。Here, the pure compound of Taxolol (manufactured by SIGMA Co., Ltd.) was subjected to HPLC analysis under the same conditions as above to further obtain a mass spectrum and a UV spectrum (Fig. 4 (A), (B)). As a result, the retention time, mass spectrum, and UV spectrum in HPLC were completely consistent.
由上可知，上述種子萃取物於上述HPLC分析之41分鐘附近之波峰為白皮杉醇之波峰，而明瞭百香果種子含有大量白皮杉醇。另一方面，從百香果之果皮和果肉中則無法檢測到白皮杉醇。From the above, it was found that the peak of the above seed extract in the vicinity of 41 minutes of the above-mentioned HPLC analysis was the peak of paclitaxel, and it was revealed that the passion fruit seed contained a large amount of paclitaxel. On the other hand, paclitaxel could not be detected from the peel and pulp of passion fruit.
檢討關於從百香果種子萃取白皮杉醇之方法。具體而言，對於日本國產與外國產之2種百香果種子，使用各種溶媒調查白皮杉醇之萃取效率。Review the method for extracting paclitaxel from passion fruit seeds. Specifically, for the two types of passion fruit seeds produced in Japan and foreign countries, various solvents were used to investigate the extraction efficiency of paclitaxel.
(1)以80%含水乙醇萃取(1) Extraction with 80% aqueous ethanol
對經粉碎之種子5g添加80%含水乙醇50mL，一邊施予30分鐘之超音波，一邊進行萃取。回收其上清液後，進行2次同樣操作，共計進行3次萃取。然後收集所回收之萃取液，將所得之萃取液以80%含水乙醇定容為200mL後，將其10μL進行HPLC。然後，依據常法，從HPLC分析之波峰下面積，藉由將其與標準品濃度之檢量曲線相比較，定量該萃取物中所含白皮杉醇之量。又，為供參考，同樣地定量白藜蘆醇。50 mL of 80% aqueous ethanol was added to 5 g of the pulverized seeds, and extraction was performed while applying ultrasonic waves for 30 minutes. After the supernatant was recovered, the same operation was carried out twice, and a total of three extractions were performed. Then, the recovered extract was collected, and the obtained extract was adjusted to a volume of 200 mL with 80% aqueous ethanol, and then 10 μL of the mixture was subjected to HPLC. Then, the amount of the paclitaxel contained in the extract was quantified by comparing the area under the peak of the HPLC analysis with the standard curve of the standard concentration according to the usual method. Again, for reference, resveratrol is likewise dosed.
(2)以70%含水丙酮萃取(2) Extracted with 70% aqueous acetone
對於上述以80%含水乙醇萃取後之萃取殘渣，添加70%含水丙酮50mL，一邊施予30分鐘之超音波，一邊進行萃取。回收其上清液後，進行2次同樣操作，共計進行3次萃取。然後收集所回收之萃取液，將所得之萃取液以70%含水丙酮定容為200mL後，進行與上述同樣操作，定量該萃取物中所含白皮杉醇以及白藜蘆醇之量。The extraction residue after extraction with 80% aqueous ethanol was added, and 50 mL of 70% aqueous acetone was added thereto, and extraction was performed while applying ultrasonic waves for 30 minutes. After the supernatant was recovered, the same operation was carried out twice, and a total of three extractions were performed. Then, the recovered extract was collected, and the obtained extract was adjusted to a volume of 200 mL with 70% aqueous acetone, and the same operation as above was carried out to quantify the amount of the paclitaxel and resveratrol contained in the extract.
(3)以乙酸乙酯萃取(3) Extraction with ethyl acetate
溶媒以乙酸乙酯替代，對於百香果(上述外國產)種子，進行與上述以80%含水乙醇萃取同樣之操作，並定量從冷凍乾燥之種子粉末5g所萃取之白皮杉醇以及白藜蘆醇之量。The solvent was replaced with ethyl acetate, and the seed of Passioni (foreign-made) was subjected to the same operation as the above-mentioned extraction with 80% aqueous ethanol, and the extracted paclitaxel and white squash extracted from 5 g of the freeze-dried seed powder were quantified. The amount of alcohol.
(4)以二氯甲烷萃取(4) Extracted with dichloromethane
溶媒以二氯甲烷替代，對於百香果(上述外國產)種子，進行與上述以80%含水乙醇萃取同樣之操作，並定量從經冷凍乾燥之種子粉末5g所萃取之白皮杉醇以及白藜蘆醇之量。The solvent was replaced by methylene chloride, and the seeds of passion fruit (foreign-made) were subjected to the same operation as the above-described extraction with 80% aqueous ethanol, and the amount of paclitaxel and chalk extracted from 5 g of the lyophilized seed powder was quantified. The amount of ruthenol.
結果整理示於表1。又，在此表1中，萃取效率之結果係換算成從冷凍乾燥之種子粉末每100g所萃取之白皮杉醇或白藜蘆醇之量而表示。The results are shown in Table 1. Further, in Table 1, the results of the extraction efficiency are expressed in terms of the amount of the extracted paclitaxel or resveratrol per 100 g of the freeze-dried seed powder.
如表1所示，即使是從以80%含水乙醇萃取後之萃取殘渣，相較於以80%含水乙醇萃取，亦萃取出更多之白皮杉醇。另一方面，單獨僅以乙酸乙酯萃取時之萃取效率不佳，單獨僅以二氯甲烷萃取時，無法檢測到白皮杉醇和白藜蘆醇。因此，可知以70%含水丙酮萃取為效率最佳。此外，可知藉由併用以80%含水乙醇萃取與以70%含水丙酮萃取，可使萃取效率變更佳。As shown in Table 1, even the extraction residue after extraction with 80% aqueous ethanol extracted more paclitaxel than the extraction with 80% aqueous ethanol. On the other hand, the extraction efficiency when extracting only with ethyl acetate alone was not good, and when only extracted with dichloromethane alone, paclitaxel and resveratrol could not be detected. Therefore, it is known that extraction with 70% aqueous acetone is the most efficient. Further, it was found that the extraction efficiency was changed by using 80% aqueous ethanol extraction and extraction with 70% aqueous acetone.
更進一步檢討關於從百香果種子萃取白皮杉醇之方法。具體而言，係調查作為溶媒之乙醇或丙酮之含水率對於萃取效率所造成之影響。A further review of the method for extracting paclitaxel from passion fruit seeds. Specifically, it is investigated the influence of the water content of ethanol or acetone as a solvent on the extraction efficiency.
因此，使用各種含水率之乙醇或丙酮作為溶媒，與上述試驗例2同樣操作，並定量從百香果(上述外國產)之冷凍乾燥之種子粉末5g所萃取之白皮杉醇以及白藜蘆醇之量。又，上述試驗例2所使用之溶媒乙酸乙酯或二氯甲烷，由於皆缺乏與水之相溶性，故無法調製同樣含水率之溶媒。Therefore, ethanol or acetone having various water contents was used as a solvent, and the same as in Test Example 2 described above, and 5 g of the freeze-dried seed powder from the passion fruit (the above-mentioned foreign product) was used to extract the paclitaxel and resveratrol. The amount. Further, since the solvent ethyl acetate or methylene chloride used in the above Test Example 2 lacks compatibility with water, it is impossible to prepare a solvent having the same water content.
結果整理示於表2。此外，在第5圖中，以圖表示白皮杉醇之結果。又，在此表2、第5圖中，萃取效率之結果亦換算成從冷凍乾燥之種子粉末每100g所萃取之白皮杉醇或白藜蘆醇之量而表示。The results are shown in Table 2. Further, in Fig. 5, the results of paclitaxel are shown in the figure. Further, in Tables 2 and 5, the results of the extraction efficiency are also expressed in terms of the amount of the extracted paclitaxel or resveratrol per 100 g of the freeze-dried seed powder.
如表2、第5圖所示，當使用乙醇時，以80%含水乙醇之萃取為效率最佳。此外，當使用丙酮時，以70%含水丙酮之萃取為效率最佳。As shown in Table 2 and Figure 5, when ethanol is used, extraction with 80% aqueous ethanol is the most efficient. In addition, when acetone is used, extraction with 70% aqueous acetone is most efficient.
在上述試驗例2中，秤量除去溶媒後之萃取物(源自上述外國產百香果)，計算出白皮杉醇固形份含量。將該等之值表示於表3。In the above Test Example 2, the extract obtained by removing the solvent (from the above-mentioned foreign-produced passion fruit) was weighed, and the solid content of the paclitaxel was calculated. The values of these are shown in Table 3.
如表3所示，當以80%含水乙醇萃取時，白皮杉醇之固形份濃度為2.6mg/100mg萃取物(2.6質量%)。此外，當在以80%含水乙醇萃取後再以70%含水丙酮萃取時，為3.7mg/100mg萃取物(3.7質量%)。由此可知，藉由以70%含水丙酮萃取，可獲得更多之白皮杉醇(如試驗例2、3所示)，同時，亦可獲得白皮杉醇之純度更高者。As shown in Table 3, when extracted with 80% aqueous ethanol, the solid concentration of paclitaxel was 2.6 mg / 100 mg of extract (2.6% by mass). Further, when extracted with 70% aqueous acetone after extraction with 80% aqueous ethanol, it was 3.7 mg / 100 mg of extract (3.7% by mass). From this, it was found that more extract of paclitaxel (as shown in Test Examples 2 and 3) was obtained by extraction with 70% aqueous acetone, and at the same time, higher purity of paclitaxel was obtained.
第1圖係表示種子(A)、果皮(B)及果肉(C)之萃取物之HPLC層析圖的圖表。Fig. 1 is a graph showing an HPLC chromatogram of extracts of seed (A), peel (B) and pulp (C).
第2圖係表示依第1圖(A)之HPLC分析於41分鐘附近溶出之成分之質譜(A)及UV譜(B)的圖表。Fig. 2 is a graph showing the mass spectrum (A) and the UV spectrum (B) of the components eluted in the vicinity of 41 minutes by HPLC analysis in Fig. 1(A).
第3圖係表示白藜蘆醇(Resveratrol，分子量228)之質譜(A)及UV譜(B)的圖表。Figure 3 is a graph showing the mass spectrum (A) and UV spectrum (B) of resveratrol (molecular weight 228).
第4圖係表示白皮杉醇(Piceatannol，分子量244)之質譜(A)及UV譜(B)的圖表。Figure 4 is a graph showing the mass spectrum (A) and UV spectrum (B) of paclitaxan (molecular weight 244).
第5圖係表示溶媒之乙醇(A)或丙酮(B)之含水率對白皮杉醇之萃取效率所造成之影響的圖表。Figure 5 is a graph showing the effect of the water content of ethanol (A) or acetone (B) in the solvent on the extraction efficiency of paclitaxel.
由於本案的圖為化合物的試驗結果數據，並非本案的代表圖，故本案無指定代表圖。Since the figure in this case is the test result data of the compound, it is not the representative figure of this case, so there is no designated representative figure in this case.
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