TWI440810B - The method of rationalizing the furnace temperature setting - Google Patents
The method of rationalizing the furnace temperature setting Download PDFInfo
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- TWI440810B TWI440810B TW100140915A TW100140915A TWI440810B TW I440810 B TWI440810 B TW I440810B TW 100140915 A TW100140915 A TW 100140915A TW 100140915 A TW100140915 A TW 100140915A TW I440810 B TWI440810 B TW I440810B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 claims description 85
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- 210000002257 embryonic structure Anatomy 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Description
本發明是有關於一種設定溫度的方法，特別是指一種爐溫設定合理化的方法。The present invention relates to a method of setting a temperature, and more particularly to a method for rationalizing a furnace temperature setting.
參閱圖1，為美國第US4,373,364號「METHOD OF CONTROLLING THE TEMPERATURE OF A HEATING FURANCE(控制加熱爐爐溫的方法)」的專利案，該案所揭露一種連續加熱多數鋼胚2的加熱爐1，該加熱爐1包含一預熱區12、一加熱區13，及一均溫區14，在該加熱爐1加熱的過程中，該預熱區12、加熱區13，及均溫區14內分別藉由儀器監控每一鋼胚2的一實際胚溫，並配合各區內鋼胚2的一目標胚溫去計算出各區的一誤差值，再根據該誤差值去調整該預熱區12、加熱區13，及均溫區14內的溫度，但每一區只能設定一組溫度以進行溫度控制。Referring to FIG. 1 , it is a patent application of "METHOD OF CONTROLLING THE TEMPERATURE OF A HEATING FURANCE" in US Pat. No. 4,373,364, which discloses a heating furnace 1 for continuously heating a plurality of steel embryos 2 The heating furnace 1 comprises a preheating zone 12, a heating zone 13, and a temperature equalizing zone 14. During the heating of the heating furnace 1, the preheating zone 12, the heating zone 13, and the temperature equalizing zone 14 An actual embryo temperature of each steel embryo 2 is monitored by an instrument, and an error value of each zone is calculated according to a target embryo temperature of the steel embryo 2 in each zone, and then the preheating zone is adjusted according to the error value. 12. The temperature in the heating zone 13, and the temperature equalizing zone 14, but only one set of temperatures can be set in each zone for temperature control.
為了方便說明，在該預熱區12中的該等鋼胚2由右而左分別以21、22、23、24、25，及26來表示，且該預熱區12的左端稱為子區入口121，而右端稱為子區出口122。For convenience of explanation, the steel blanks 2 in the preheating zone 12 are represented by right, left, respectively, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, and 26, and the left end of the preheating zone 12 is referred to as a subzone. The entrance 121 is referred to as the sub-area exit 122.
在計算該誤差值時，是先將每一鋼胚2給予一加權係數，並配合該鋼胚2的實際胚溫與目標胚溫去計算該誤差值，其中，每一鋼胚2的加權係數是依各鋼胚2的位置相對於如圖2所示的線性遞增直線來決定，所以會給予鄰近子區出口122的該等鋼胚21、22較高的加權係數，而鄰近子區入口121的該等鋼胚25、26則是給予較低的加權係數 ，因此在計算該誤差值時，是以鄰近子區出口122的該等鋼胚21、22的實際胚溫為優先考慮的方式，讓之後調整溫度時能使鄰近子區出口122的該等鋼胚21、22的實際胚溫愈接近所需的目標胚溫，但如果此時在鄰近該子區入口121的該等鋼胚25、26所需求的目標胚溫較低時，由於該等鋼胚25、26的加權係數低，在計算該誤差值後，爐內的溫度還不會向該等鋼胚25、26的目標胚溫去調整，因此當該等鋼胚25、26達到子區出口122時往往會有來降溫不夠而有過熱的現象，反之，若是該等鋼胚25、26的目標胚溫較該等鋼胚21、22高，則有升溫不及而過冷的情況發生。In calculating the error value, each steel embryo 2 is first given a weighting coefficient, and the error value is calculated according to the actual embryo temperature of the steel embryo 2 and the target embryo temperature, wherein the weighting coefficient of each steel embryo 2 It is determined according to the position of each steel blank 2 relative to the linear increasing straight line as shown in FIG. 2, so that the steel embryos 21, 22 of the adjacent sub-region outlet 122 are given a higher weighting coefficient, and the adjacent sub-region entrance 121 The steel embryos 25 and 26 give a lower weighting factor Therefore, in calculating the error value, the actual embryo temperature of the steel preforms 21, 22 adjacent to the sub-region outlet 122 is prioritized, so that the steel can be adjacent to the sub-region outlet 122 when the temperature is subsequently adjusted. The actual embryo temperature of the embryos 21, 22 is closer to the desired target embryo temperature, but if the target embryo temperature required for the steel embryos 25, 26 adjacent to the sub-region inlet 121 is lower at this time, due to the steel The weighting coefficients of the embryos 25 and 26 are low. After calculating the error value, the temperature in the furnace is not adjusted to the target embryo temperature of the steel embryos 25 and 26, so when the steel embryos 25 and 26 reach the sub-region When the outlet 122 is used, there is a case where the temperature is insufficiently lowered and there is a phenomenon of overheating. On the other hand, if the target embryo temperature of the steel embryos 25 and 26 is higher than the steel preforms 21 and 22, the temperature rises and the temperature is too cold.
因此，採用線性遞增直線來決定該加權係數的方式中，在實際生產排程中面臨到兩組不同出爐目標胚溫的該等鋼胚2時，常會導致鄰近子區入口121的該等鋼胚2至子區出口122時有升溫不及或降溫不夠的情況。Therefore, in the manner in which the linearly increasing straight line is used to determine the weighting coefficient, when the steel embryos 2 of the two sets of different target embryo temperatures are faced in the actual production schedule, the steel embryos of the adjacent sub-region inlets 121 are often caused. 2 When the sub-region exit 122 is not warmed up or the temperature is not enough.
因此，本發明之目的，即在提供一種針對有不同目標胚溫之鋼胚時的爐溫設定合理化的方法。Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for rationalizing furnace temperature settings for steel preforms having different target embryo temperatures.
於是，本發明爐溫設定合理化的方法，用於調整一用於連續加熱多數鋼胚的加熱爐內部溫度，每一鋼胚具有一實際溫度的實際胚溫，及一需加熱到的目標胚溫，該爐溫設定合理化的方法其包含以下步驟：(a)依該等鋼胚的目標胚溫及位置建立一加權係數趨勢線，該加權係數趨勢線包括一遞增直線，及一與該遞增直線相連接的遞減直線，該遞增直線形成一遞增區，而該遞 減直線形成一遞減區；(b)利用每一鋼胚相對於該加權係數趨勢線的位置，將每一鋼胚設定一加權係數；(c)配合每一鋼胚的加權係數、實際胚溫，及該目標胚溫，計算出一爐溫誤差值；及(d)利用該爐溫誤差值的大小調整該加熱爐的爐內溫度。Therefore, the method for rationalizing the furnace temperature setting of the present invention is for adjusting the internal temperature of a heating furnace for continuously heating a plurality of steel embryos, each steel embryo has an actual temperature of an actual temperature, and a target embryo temperature to be heated to The method for rationalizing the furnace temperature includes the following steps: (a) establishing a weighting coefficient trend line according to the target embryo temperature and position of the steel embryos, the weighting coefficient trend line including an increasing straight line, and an increasing straight line a descending straight line that is connected, the incremental line forms an incremental region, and the The subtraction line forms a decreasing region; (b) each steel embryo is set with a weighting coefficient by using the position of each steel embryo relative to the trend line of the weighting coefficient; (c) matching the weighting coefficient of each steel embryo, the actual embryo temperature And the target embryo temperature, calculating a furnace temperature error value; and (d) adjusting the furnace temperature of the furnace by using the furnace temperature error value.
本發明之功效在於：在加熱過程中，該加權係數趨勢線具有一遞增區與一遞減區，因此將每一鋼胚設定該加權係數時，能針對在排程中不同目標胚溫的鋼胚給予較高的加權係數，因此在該計算爐溫誤差值、調整加熱爐內的爐內溫度時，提早做升溫或降溫的調整。The effect of the invention is that in the heating process, the weighting coefficient trend line has an increasing area and a decreasing area, so when each weight is set for each steel embryo, the steel embryo can be aimed at different target embryo temperatures in the scheduling. A higher weighting factor is given. Therefore, when the furnace temperature error value is calculated and the furnace temperature in the heating furnace is adjusted, the temperature rise or temperature adjustment is adjusted earlier.
有關本發明之前述及其他技術內容、特點與功效，在以下配合參考圖式之一個較佳實施例的詳細說明中，將可清楚的呈現。The above and other technical contents, features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments.
參閱圖3，為本發明爐溫設定合理化的方法之較佳實施例，該方法是用於調整一用於連續加熱多數鋼胚的加熱爐內部溫度，每一鋼胚具有一實際溫度的實際胚溫，及一需加熱到的目標胚溫。Referring to FIG. 3, a preferred embodiment of the method for rationalizing the furnace temperature setting of the present invention is for adjusting an internal temperature of a heating furnace for continuously heating a plurality of steel embryos, each of which has an actual temperature of an actual embryo. Warm, and the target embryo temperature to be heated.
該爐溫設定合理化的方法包括以下步驟：步驟31是依該等鋼胚的目標胚溫及位置建立一加權係數趨勢線，使該加權係數趨勢線具有一遞增區與一遞減區； 步驟32是利用每一鋼胚相對於該加權係數趨勢線的位置，將每一鋼胚設定一加權係數；步驟33是配合每一鋼胚的加權係數、實際胚溫，及該目標胚溫，計算出一爐溫誤差值；步驟34是利用該爐溫誤差值的大小調整該加熱爐的爐內溫度。The method for rationalizing the furnace temperature setting comprises the following steps: Step 31: establishing a weighting coefficient trend line according to the target embryo temperature and position of the steel embryos, so that the weighting coefficient trend line has an increasing area and a decreasing area; Step 32 is to set a weighting coefficient for each steel embryo by using the position of each steel embryo relative to the trend line of the weighting coefficient; step 33 is to match the weighting coefficient of each steel embryo, the actual embryo temperature, and the target embryo temperature. A furnace temperature error value is calculated; in step 34, the furnace temperature of the furnace is adjusted by the magnitude of the furnace temperature error value.
在本實施例中，在計算爐溫誤差值中是以下列公式去計算該爐溫誤差值，
其中E代表爐溫誤差值Where E represents the furnace temperature error value
Wi 表示各鋼胚的加權係數W i represents the weighting coefficient of each steel embryo
Ti 表示各鋼胚的實際胚溫T i represents the actual embryo temperature of each steel embryo
Taim,i 表示各鋼胚的目標胚溫T aim,i indicates the target embryo temperature of each steel embryo
由公式中可以看出，該爐溫誤差值是將各鋼胚的實際胚溫與目標胚溫的差值取平方後再乘上該加權係數後累加起來而得到，因此當該加權係數愈高，對該爐溫誤差值的影響也愈大。It can be seen from the formula that the furnace temperature error value is obtained by squaring the difference between the actual embryo temperature and the target embryo temperature of each steel embryo and multiplying the weighting coefficient, so that the higher the weighting coefficient is, the higher the weighting coefficient is. The greater the influence on the furnace temperature error value.
本實施例中依鋼胚的目標胚溫及位置得到如圖4所示的一第一趨勢線41，該第一趨勢線41包括一形成該遞增區的遞增直線411，及一與該遞增直線411相連接並形成該遞減區的遞減直線412。In this embodiment, a first trend line 41 as shown in FIG. 4 is obtained according to the target embryo temperature and position of the steel embryo, and the first trend line 41 includes an increasing straight line 411 forming the incremental region, and an incremental line 411 are connected and form a decreasing line 412 of the decreasing zone.
藉此，在步驟32中將不同目標胚溫的鋼胚位置配合相對於該第一趨勢線41的位置先給予較高的加權係數，使得在步驟33中能反應在該爐溫誤差值的計算中，進而在步驟 34時，能提早對不同目標胚溫的鋼胚做溫度的調整。Thereby, in step 32, the steel embryo position matching of different target embryo temperatures is first given a higher weighting coefficient with respect to the position of the first trend line 41, so that the calculation of the error value of the furnace temperature can be reflected in step 33. In, and then in the steps At 34 o'clock, the temperature of the steel embryos with different target embryo temperatures can be adjusted early.
當然，該第一趨勢線41隨著生產線的移動，逐漸改變並調整為如圖4所示之一第二趨勢線42或一第三趨勢線43，峰值的大小保持不變但峰值的位置向右平移，如此一來，不同目標胚溫的鋼胚繼續保持較高的加權係數，讓之後在步驟33中持續針對不同目標胚溫的鋼胚做誤差值的計算，而使步驟34調整該加熱爐內的溫度趨向鋼胚的目標胚溫。需要說明的是，該第一趨勢線41、第二趨勢線42，及第三趨勢線43也可以是如抛物線的曲線，不以圖4所示的態樣為限。Of course, the first trend line 41 gradually changes and adjusts to a second trend line 42 or a third trend line 43 as shown in FIG. 4 as the production line moves, and the peak size remains unchanged but the peak position is Right shifting, as a result, the steel embryos of different target embryo temperatures continue to maintain a higher weighting coefficient, so that in step 33, the calculation of the error value for the steel embryos of different target embryo temperatures is continued, and step 34 is adjusted to the heating. The temperature in the furnace tends to the target embryo temperature of the steel embryo. It should be noted that the first trend line 41, the second trend line 42, and the third trend line 43 may also be curves such as a parabola, and are not limited to the aspect shown in FIG. 4.
以下列舉實驗數據，進一步就本發明之方法與習知方法進行比較說明：參閱圖5，當鄰近當子區入口的該等鋼胚之目標胚溫較鄰近子區出口的該等鋼胚之目標胚溫低時，習知方法是採用線性遞增直線而設定每一鋼胚的加權係數的方式，雖然鄰近子區出口的鋼胚的實際胚溫與目標胚溫一致，但後段的鋼胚已產生過熱的現象。The experimental data is listed below, and the method of the present invention is further compared with the conventional method. Referring to FIG. 5, when the target embryo temperature of the steel embryo adjacent to the entrance of the sub-region is lower than the target of the steel embryo at the exit of the adjacent sub-region, When the embryo temperature is low, the conventional method is to set the weighting coefficient of each steel embryo by linearly increasing the straight line. Although the actual embryo temperature of the steel embryo adjacent to the exit of the sub-region is consistent with the target embryo temperature, the steel embryo in the latter stage has been produced. Overheating.
參閱圖6，當鄰近當子區入口的該等鋼胚之目標胚溫較鄰近子區出口的該等鋼胚之目標胚溫低時，本較佳實施例是採用包括有一遞增直線411及一遞減直線412之第一趨勢線41(見圖4)而設定每一鋼胚的加權係數的方式，可以減輕後段鋼胚過熱的現象，而使每一鋼胚的實際胚溫與目標胚溫更為接近。Referring to FIG. 6, when the target embryo temperature of the steel embryos adjacent to the entrance of the sub-region is lower than the target embryo temperature of the steel embryos at the exit of the adjacent sub-region, the preferred embodiment adopts an incremental line 411 and a Decreasing the weighting coefficient of each steel embryo by decreasing the first trend line 41 of the line 412 (see FIG. 4) can alleviate the phenomenon of overheating of the steel in the back stage, and make the actual embryo temperature of each steel embryo and the target embryo temperature more To be close.
綜上所述，本發明爐溫設定合理化的方法藉由依該等 鋼胚的位置及目標胚溫建立一條包括有一遞增直線411及一遞減直線412之第一趨勢線41，因此在步驟32中針對將不同目標胚溫的鋼胚先給予較高的加權係數，使在步驟33中計算該爐溫誤差值時，能使步驟34中對加熱爐提早做升溫或降溫的調整，因此不會有該等鋼胚降溫不夠或升溫不及的情況發生，故確實能達成本發明之目的。In summary, the method for rationalizing the furnace temperature setting of the present invention is based on such The position of the steel embryo and the target embryo temperature establish a first trend line 41 including an increasing straight line 411 and a decreasing straight line 412, so in step 32, the steel embryos of different target embryo temperatures are first given a higher weighting coefficient. When the furnace temperature error value is calculated in step 33, the heating furnace can be adjusted to increase or decrease the temperature in step 34 in advance, so that there is no shortage of such steel or insufficient temperature rise, so it is possible to achieve this. The purpose of the invention.
惟以上所述者，僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已，當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍，即大凡依本發明申請專利範圍及發明說明內容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍內。The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, that is, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made by the scope of the invention and the description of the invention are All remain within the scope of the invention patent.
31~34‧‧‧步驟31~34‧‧‧Steps
41‧‧‧第一趨勢線41‧‧‧First trend line
411‧‧‧遞增直線411‧‧‧Incremental straight line
412‧‧‧遞減直線412‧‧‧Decrement straight line
42‧‧‧第二趨勢線42‧‧‧ second trend line
43‧‧‧第三趨勢線43‧‧‧ Third trend line
圖1是一示意圖，說明一加熱多數鋼胚的加熱爐；圖2是一習知遞增型加權係數與鋼胚位置的關係圖，其中，橫軸表示鋼胚位置，縱軸表示加權係數；圖3是一流程圖，說明本發明爐溫設定合理化的方法之較佳實施例；圖4是一較佳實施例加權係數趨勢線與鋼胚位置的關係圖，其中，橫軸表示鋼胚位置，縱軸表示加權係數；圖5是一溫度比較示意圖，說明習知方法鋼胚在子區入口與子區出口之間實際胚溫與目標胚溫的比較；及圖6是一溫度比較示意圖，說明該較佳實施例鋼胚在子區入口與子區出口之間實際胚溫與目標胚溫的比較。Figure 1 is a schematic view showing a heating furnace for heating a plurality of steel embryos; Figure 2 is a relationship between a conventional incremental weighting coefficient and a position of a steel blank, wherein the horizontal axis represents the position of the steel embryo and the vertical axis represents the weighting coefficient; 3 is a flow chart illustrating a preferred embodiment of the method for rationalizing the furnace temperature setting of the present invention; and FIG. 4 is a relationship diagram of a weighting coefficient trend line and a position of a steel blank in a preferred embodiment, wherein the horizontal axis represents the position of the steel embryo, The vertical axis represents the weighting coefficient; FIG. 5 is a temperature comparison diagram illustrating the comparison between the actual embryo temperature and the target embryo temperature between the sub-zone inlet and the sub-zone outlet of the conventional method; and FIG. 6 is a temperature comparison diagram illustrating The comparison between the actual embryo temperature and the target embryo temperature between the inlet of the sub-zone and the outlet of the sub-zone of the preferred embodiment.
31~34．．．步驟31~34. . . step
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