TWI437811B - Power adaptor and backup power unit for an electronic devices - Google Patents
Power adaptor and backup power unit for an electronic devices Download PDFInfo
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本申請案申請在此併入參考,2006年2月2日提出申請之美國臨時專利申請案35U.S.C.119(e)段,標題為”可攜帶裝置轉接器/備份單元”下的優先利益。The application of the present application is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety in its entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire content .
本發明大致有關被提供用於可攜帶,電池供電消費電子產品的電源轉接器領域。The present invention is generally directed to the field of power adapters that are provided for portable, battery powered consumer electronics.
目前具有許多不同可攜帶,電池供電消費電子產品。例子包含手機,數位相機,膝上型電腦及MP3播放器。典型此類產品係被裝配可充電電池。然而,其他例中,該產品係被裝配接收可任意使用電池。There are currently many different portable, battery-powered consumer electronics products. Examples include mobile phones, digital cameras, laptops and MP3 players. Typical of these products are assembled with rechargeable batteries. However, in other examples, the product is assembled to receive a disposable battery.
無論其是否被包裝外部電源轉接器,大多數該產品可提供直流電源輸入。若有,則該直流電源輸入係被配置接收適當直流電壓對該可充電電池做充電及供電該裝置。Most of this product provides DC power input, whether or not it is packaged with an external power adapter. If so, the DC power input is configured to receive the appropriate DC voltage to charge and power the rechargeable battery.
熟知配置供應直流電源至該裝置之電源轉接器。典型例包含被配置***共用家庭插座,接收家庭交流電源,將其轉換為對裝置適當的直流電壓,及供應該被轉換電源至該直流裝置的交流/直流轉接器。其他例包含被轉接接收來自汽車插座(點煙器)12伏特電源,將其轉換為對裝置適當的直流電壓,及供應該被轉換電源至該裝置的直流/直流轉接器。It is well known to configure a power adapter that supplies DC power to the device. A typical example includes an AC/DC adapter configured to be plugged into a shared household outlet, receive home AC power, convert it to a suitable DC voltage to the device, and supply the converted power to the DC device. Other examples include being switched to receive a 12 volt power source from a car outlet (cigarette lighter), converting it to a suitable DC voltage to the device, and supplying the converted power source to the device's DC/DC adapter.
的確,包含可充電電池的許多最新裝置係被裝配至少一交流/直流轉接器。因此,當電池電源很低且插座可用時,該裝置可僅藉由將該轉接器***插座並將其連接至該裝置輕易地被供電及充電。Indeed, many of the latest devices including rechargeable batteries are equipped with at least one AC/DC adapter. Thus, when the battery power is low and the outlet is available, the device can be easily powered and charged simply by plugging the adapter into the outlet and connecting it to the device.
不幸地,並非永遠可用到插座,家庭或其他,及其他電源。各種可攜帶電源模組(PPM)已被推出市面來解決此問題。可攜帶電源模組本質上為備用電池,被設計與如手機之直流供電裝置的直流輸入耦合,且被放電提供適當電壓。Unfortunately, it is not always available to outlets, homes or other, and other power sources. Various portable power modules (PPMs) have been introduced to solve this problem. The portable power module is essentially a backup battery that is designed to couple with the DC input of a DC power supply such as a mobile phone and is discharged to provide the appropriate voltage.
可攜帶電源模組內之電池係以各種方式接收其電源。某些被配置接收可任意使用電池,並將其電源轉換為適當電壓。其他可攜帶電源模組包含充電電池,且被配置經由類似傳統直流供電裝置中所發現者之一輸入來接收直流電源。因為通常在販賣修理用零件的市場中購買給定直流供電裝置之可攜帶電源模組,所以典型安排係可攜帶電源模組被配置接收來自該裝置之交流/直流轉接器的電源,對其電池充電。The battery in the portable power module receives its power in various ways. Some are configured to receive a battery that can be used arbitrarily and convert its power to an appropriate voltage. Other portable power modules include a rechargeable battery and are configured to receive DC power via input from one of those found in conventional DC powered devices. Since a portable power supply module of a given DC power supply unit is typically purchased in the market for repairing repair parts, a typical arrangement is that the portable power supply module is configured to receive power from an AC/DC adapter of the device. Charging batteries.
不幸地,此設計迫使令為手機之給定直流供電裝置使用者必須攜帶其交流/直流轉接器及一適當可攜帶電源模組,以確保每個情況中均可獲得超額電源。再者,為了充電手機及可攜帶電源模組電池,使用者必須於該兩者之間交換交流/直流轉接器輸出。Unfortunately, this design forces the user of a given DC power supply for the handset to carry its AC/DC adapter and a suitable portable power module to ensure that excess power is available in each case. Furthermore, in order to charge the mobile phone and the portable power module battery, the user must exchange the AC/DC adapter output between the two.
本發明較佳實施例係組合可採用交流/直流線或如汽車直流插頭之直流電源之一電源轉接器及電池備份模組為一單元。本發明係有關可同時充電可攜電電源模組及該轉接器預期被用於之可攜帶電子裝置的電源轉接器。較佳是,本發明之電源轉接器係預期用於一電子裝置,其被配置選擇性使用輸入電源,內部電池及可攜電電源模組其中之一來操作。再者,若干實施例中,轉接器接收該電子裝置不可使用之其他形式電源。若干實施例接收不可儲存形式電源,並將該電源轉換為可儲存形式。各例中,”可儲存”意指適合使用儲存單元或給定實施例之裝置來儲存。同樣地,”可使用”意指可對實施例所預期之可攜帶電子裝置供電及/或充電。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an AC/DC line or a DC power supply such as an automotive DC plug and a battery backup module can be used as a unit. The present invention relates to a power adapter that can simultaneously charge a portable power source module and a portable electronic device that the adapter is intended to be used with. Preferably, the power adapter of the present invention is intended for use in an electronic device that is configured to selectively operate using one of an input power source, an internal battery, and a portable power source module. Moreover, in some embodiments, the adapter receives other forms of power that are not usable by the electronic device. Several embodiments receive a non-storable form of power and convert the power to a storable form. In each case, "storable" means suitable for storage using a storage unit or a device of a given embodiment. Similarly, "usable" means that the portable electronic device contemplated by the embodiments can be powered and/or charged.
例如,若干實施例中,電源轉接器及儲存單元係包含一第一電路,可接收來自外部來源之電子裝置不可使用形式的電源,並將該電源轉換為輸入電源,一傳遞(pass-thrugh)電路,可提供該輸入電源對該電子裝置供電,一儲存電路,可將該輸入電源儲存於可攜帶電源模組中,及一放電電路,可提供該輸入電源從該可攜帶電源模組對該電子裝置供電。For example, in some embodiments, the power adapter and the storage unit comprise a first circuit that can receive a power source in an unusable form of an electronic device from an external source and convert the power source into an input power source, a pass-through (pass-thrugh) a circuit for supplying power to the electronic device, a storage circuit for storing the input power in the portable power module, and a discharge circuit for providing the input power from the portable power module The electronic device is powered.
若干實施例包含用於一可攜帶裝置之一電源轉接器及儲存單元。該單元包含一電源轉換器單元,一能量儲存單元,一電源傳遞單元,一電源輸出單元,及一控制器單元。係考慮這些元件各種特定性能及配置。Several embodiments include a power adapter and storage unit for a portable device. The unit comprises a power converter unit, an energy storage unit, a power transmission unit, a power output unit, and a controller unit. Consider the specific performance and configuration of these components.
例如,電源轉換器單元係被配置選擇性接收來自外部來源之電子裝置不可使用形式的電源,並同時產生可使用電源及可儲存電源。能量儲存單元係被耦合至電源轉換器單元,且可配置接收該可儲存電源並將其儲存為能量。電源傳遞單元係被耦合至電源轉換器單元,且可配置至可使用電源藉此至該可攜帶裝置的頻道。電源輸出單元係被耦合至能量儲存單元,且可配置從該能量儲存單元內之能量產生可使用電源,並將其供應至該可攜帶裝置。控制器單元係被配置控制將可儲存電源從電源轉換器單元提供至能量儲存單元,及控制可使用電源從電源傳遞單元穿隧至該可攜帶裝置,及控制將電源從能量儲存單元經由電源輸出單元提供至該可攜帶裝置。若干實施例中,控制器單元亦可監控各種參數,及提供如溫度保護,過電流及過電壓保護的保護功能。For example, the power converter unit is configured to selectively receive power from an externally sourced electronic device in an unusable form and simultaneously generate a usable power source and a storable power source. An energy storage unit is coupled to the power converter unit and is configurable to receive the storable power source and store it as energy. A power transfer unit is coupled to the power converter unit and configurable to a channel from which the power source can be used to the portable device. A power output unit is coupled to the energy storage unit and is configurable to generate a usable power source from the energy within the energy storage unit and supply it to the portable device. The controller unit is configured to control the supply of the storable power from the power converter unit to the energy storage unit, and control the use of the power source to tunnel from the power transfer unit to the portable device, and control to output the power source from the energy storage unit via the power source A unit is provided to the portable device. In some embodiments, the controller unit can also monitor various parameters and provide protection functions such as temperature protection, over current and over voltage protection.
若干實施例包含用於一可攜帶裝置之一電源轉接器及備份電源單元。該單元包含一電源轉接器,一能量儲存單元,第一,第二及第三切換模組及一控制器。係考慮這些元件各種特定性能及配置。Several embodiments include a power adapter and a backup power unit for a portable device. The unit comprises a power adapter, an energy storage unit, first, second and third switching modules and a controller. Consider the specific performance and configuration of these components.
例如,電源轉換器單元係被配置選擇性接收來自外部來源之電子裝置不可使用形式的電源,並產生該電子裝置可使用的被轉換電源。能量儲存單元係具有經由第一切換模組被耦合至電源轉換器之一輸入,及耦合第二切換模組之一輸出。第三切換模組係被耦合至電源轉接器。控制器係被耦合至第一,第二及第三切換模組,且被配置控制該第一,第二及第三切換模組操作,選擇性從電源轉接器經由能量儲存單元及第三切換模組提供被轉換電源至該電源轉接器及備份電源單元之一輸出。若干實施例中,第三切換模組係為傳遞開關,第一切換模組係為儲存開關,而第二切換模組係為放電開關。For example, the power converter unit is configured to selectively receive a power source in an unusable form of an electronic device from an external source and to generate a converted power source usable by the electronic device. The energy storage unit has an input coupled to one of the power converters via the first switching module and an output of one of the second switching modules. The third switching module is coupled to the power adapter. The controller is coupled to the first, second and third switching modules and configured to control the operation of the first, second and third switching modules, selectively from the power adapter via the energy storage unit and the third The switching module provides a converted power supply to one of the power adapter and the backup power unit. In some embodiments, the third switching module is a transfer switch, the first switching module is a storage switch, and the second switching module is a discharge switch.
若干實施例包含用於一可攜帶裝置之一電源轉接器及儲存單元。該轉接器及儲存單元包含一電源轉換器單元,一儲存單元,一輸出單元及一控制器。係考慮這些元件各種特定性能及配置。Several embodiments include a power adapter and storage unit for a portable device. The adapter and the storage unit comprise a power converter unit, a storage unit, an output unit and a controller. Consider the specific performance and configuration of these components.
例如,與若干實施例一致之電源轉接器單元,係被配置選擇性接收來自外部來源之該裝置不可使用形式的電源,且於該外部來源接收電源時,從該被接收電源產生第一可使用電源輸出及一可儲存電源輸出。與若干實施例一致之儲存單元,係具有被配置從電源轉換器單元接收可儲存電源輸出之一能量位準及一總容量,若該能量位準小於該總容量,則儲存可儲存電源輸出作為能量。與若干實施例一致之輸出單元,係可被配置從儲存單元接收量並從該被接收能量產生第二可使用電源輸出。與若干實施例一致之控制器,係被配置決定電源轉接器是否接收來自外部來源之電源,而若否,則引導輸出單元產生第二可使用電源輸出,及供應該第二可使用電源輸出至該可攜帶裝置。For example, a power adapter unit consistent with several embodiments is configured to selectively receive a power source in an unusable form of the device from an external source, and when the external source receives power, generate a first available from the received power source Use the power output and a storage power output. A storage unit consistent with several embodiments has a power level configured to receive a storable power output from the power converter unit and a total capacity, and if the energy level is less than the total capacity, storing the storable power output as energy. An output unit consistent with several embodiments can be configured to receive an amount from the storage unit and generate a second usable power output from the received energy. A controller consistent with several embodiments is configured to determine whether the power adapter receives power from an external source, and if not, directs the output unit to generate a second available power output, and supplies the second available power output To the portable device.
例如,若干實施例中,電源轉接器/備份單元係連接至直流供電裝置之直流輸入,提供外部電源。若干使用例中,該單元提供電池電源,而其他例中,其提供從如家庭交流,汽車直流之另一來源轉換電源至該直流供電裝置,同時儲存電源至該內部電池。此實施例各包含一電池,一充電電路,一放電電路,一傳遞及一微控制器來確保適當電源管理。這些實施例各提供對外部電源連接來充電電池,及經由該傳遞提供被轉換電源至該直流供電裝置。注意,這些實施例允許同時執行充電及提供被轉換電源至該直流供電裝置。For example, in some embodiments, the power adapter/backup unit is coupled to the DC input of the DC power supply to provide an external power source. In some use cases, the unit provides battery power, while in other instances, it provides for switching power from another source, such as home AC, automotive DC, to the DC power supply while storing power to the internal battery. This embodiment each includes a battery, a charging circuit, a discharge circuit, a relay and a microcontroller to ensure proper power management. Each of these embodiments provides for an external power source connection to charge the battery and provide a converted power source to the DC power supply via the transfer. Note that these embodiments allow charging to be performed simultaneously and to provide a converted power source to the DC power supply.
本發明廣泛實施例係參考該被涵蓋圖示討論如下。不應採用這些實施例特定組件討論來放棄在此說明結構同等物的權利。A broad embodiment of the invention is discussed below with reference to the covered illustration. These example specific component discussions should not be taken to waive the right to the structural equivalents herein.
第4A及4B圖說明一典型可攜帶電子裝置400,其電源轉接器410,及一可攜帶電源模組420。如裝置400之可攜帶電子裝置大部分配備兩電源。通常,裝置400包含一電源輸入402及一內部電池406。裝置400可以汲取自內部電池406或電源輸入402的電源操作。漸增地,可攜帶裝置被裝配充電電池,且被電子耦合至該電源輸入允許再充電。4A and 4B illustrate a typical portable electronic device 400, a power adapter 410, and a portable power module 420. For example, the portable electronic device of device 400 is mostly equipped with two power sources. Typically, device 400 includes a power input 402 and an internal battery 406. Device 400 can draw power from internal battery 406 or power input 402. Increasingly, the portable device is equipped with a rechargeable battery and is electronically coupled to the power input to allow recharging.
該裝置通常被設計使用電源轉接器。例如,裝置400被顯示具有附著電源轉接器410。當具有外部電源時,電源轉接器可將該外部電源轉換為該裝置可使用的形式,並將該被轉換電源供應至該裝置之電源輸入。因此,使用者可充電該裝置內部電池,及/或以輸入電源操作該裝置。The device is typically designed to use a power adapter. For example, device 400 is shown with an attached power adapter 410. When having an external power source, the power adapter can convert the external power source into a form usable by the device and supply the converted power source to the power input of the device. Thus, the user can charge the internal battery of the device and/or operate the device with input power.
電源轉接器410包含觸腳417,可耦合至此例中為交流插座之外部電源。再者,電源轉接器410包含輸出耦合415,其被配置與電子裝置電源輸入耦合。第4A圖中,耦合415係被連接至可攜帶電子裝置400之電源輸入402。The power adapter 410 includes a contact pin 417 that can be coupled to an external power source, in this example, an AC outlet. Moreover, power adapter 410 includes an output coupling 415 that is configured to couple with an electronic device power input. In FIG. 4A, the coupling 415 is coupled to a power input 402 of the portable electronic device 400.
許多備份電源裝置係被設計與可攜帶電子裝置一起使用。例如,第4B圖所示可攜帶電源模組420係被轉接用於裝置400。可攜帶電源模組420通常包含電源輸入422,電源輸出425及一電池(無圖示)。電源輸入422係被配置與電源轉接器410之電源耦合415耦合,並於電源轉接器410被連接至外部電源時接收電源。電源輸出425係被配置與可攜帶電子裝置400之電源輸入402耦合。當電池已充電且電源輸出425被耦合至電源輸入402時,可攜帶電源模組420可提供電源至可攜帶電子裝置400來操作或充電內部電池406。Many backup power devices are designed for use with portable electronic devices. For example, the portable power module 420 shown in FIG. 4B is switched for use with the device 400. The portable power module 420 typically includes a power input 422, a power output 425, and a battery (not shown). Power input 422 is configured to couple with power supply coupling 415 of power adapter 410 and receive power when power adapter 410 is connected to an external power source. Power output 425 is configured to couple with power input 402 of portable electronic device 400. When the battery is charged and the power output 425 is coupled to the power input 402, the portable power module 420 can provide power to the portable electronic device 400 to operate or charge the internal battery 406.
第一實施例中,參考第1圖討論,交流電源轉接器/備份單元100係包含被耦合至該輸入之一交流/直流轉換器110。交流/直流轉換器110可被移除耦合至外部交流電源。第1圖中,交流電源轉接器/備份單元100之輸入可被移除耦合至交流外部電源100’。交流/直流轉換器110之輸出係被耦合至傳遞150及充電器電路120。充電器電路120包含一電池125,其亦被耦合至當作放電電路之直流/直流轉換器140。傳遞150,充電器電路120及直流/直流轉換器140均被耦合至微控制器130,其可感測電池125之充電位準。傳遞150及直流/直流轉換器140均被耦合至直流輸出160,其可被耦合至直流裝置(無圖示)。In a first embodiment, as discussed with respect to FIG. 1, an AC power adapter/backup unit 100 includes an AC/DC converter 110 coupled to the input. The AC/DC converter 110 can be removed and coupled to an external AC power source. In Fig. 1, the input of the AC power adaptor/backup unit 100 can be removed and coupled to the AC external power source 100'. The output of AC/DC converter 110 is coupled to pass 150 and charger circuit 120. The charger circuit 120 includes a battery 125 that is also coupled to a DC/DC converter 140 that acts as a discharge circuit. Transfer 150, charger circuit 120 and DC/DC converter 140 are all coupled to microcontroller 130, which senses the charge level of battery 125. Both transfer 150 and DC/DC converter 140 are coupled to a DC output 160 that can be coupled to a DC device (not shown).
第二實施例中,參考第2圖討論,直流電源轉接器/備份單元200係包含被耦合至該輸入之一初級直流/直流轉換器210。該初級直流/直流轉換器210可被移除耦合至外部直流電源。第2圖中,直流電源轉接器/備份單元200之輸入可被移除耦合至直流外部電源200’。初級直流/直流轉換器210之輸出係被耦合至傳遞250及充電器電路220。充電器電路220包含一電池225,其亦被耦合至當作放電電路之次級直流/直流轉換器240。傳遞250,充電器電路220及直流/直流轉換器240均被耦合至微控制器230,其可感測電池225之充電位準。傳遞250,充電器電路220及直流/直流轉換器均被耦合至直流輸出260,其可被耦合至直流裝置(無圖示)。In a second embodiment, discussed with reference to FIG. 2, the DC power adapter/backup unit 200 includes a primary DC/DC converter 210 coupled to the input. The primary DC/DC converter 210 can be removed and coupled to an external DC power source. In Figure 2, the input to the DC power adapter/backup unit 200 can be removed and coupled to the DC external power source 200'. The output of primary DC/DC converter 210 is coupled to transfer 250 and charger circuit 220. Charger circuit 220 includes a battery 225 that is also coupled to a secondary DC/DC converter 240 that acts as a discharge circuit. Transfer 250, charger circuit 220 and DC/DC converter 240 are all coupled to microcontroller 230, which senses the charge level of battery 225. Pass 250, charger circuit 220 and DC/DC converter are all coupled to DC output 260, which can be coupled to a DC device (not shown).
第二實施例可包含電源連接器,及被轉換處理各種非特定化電源之轉換器。例子包含各種交流/直流轉換器輸出,如膝上型電腦電源,太陽能直流,及汽車直流。The second embodiment can include a power connector, and a converter that is converted to process various unspecified power sources. Examples include various AC/DC converter outputs such as laptop power, solar DC, and automotive DC.
第三實施例中,參考第3圖討論,交流或直流電源轉接器/備份單元200係包含被耦合至第一輸入之一交流/直流轉換器310A,及被耦合至第二輸入之一初級直流/直流轉換器310B。初級直流/直流轉換器310可被移除耦合至外部直流電源。此外,交流/直流轉換器310A可被移除耦合至外部交流電源。第3圖中,直流電源轉接器/備份單元300之輸入均不可被移除耦合至電源。初級直流/直流轉換器310B及交流/直流轉換器310A被耦合至傳遞350及充電器電路320。圖示中,雖然轉換器310A及310B彼此耦合,但此較佳以避免電流從某者流至另一者之方法達成。In a third embodiment, as discussed with reference to FIG. 3, the AC or DC power adapter/backup unit 200 includes an AC/DC converter 310A coupled to a first input and a primary coupled to a second input. DC/DC converter 310B. The primary DC/DC converter 310 can be removed and coupled to an external DC power source. Additionally, the AC/DC converter 310A can be removed and coupled to an external AC power source. In Figure 3, the inputs of the DC power adapter/backup unit 300 are not removable and coupled to the power source. Primary DC/DC converter 310B and AC/DC converter 310A are coupled to transfer 350 and charger circuit 320. In the illustration, although the converters 310A and 310B are coupled to each other, it is preferable to avoid the current flowing from one to the other.
充電器電路320包含一電池325,其亦被耦合至當作放電電路之次級直流/直流轉換器340。傳遞350,充電器電路320及次級直流/直流轉換器340均被耦合至微控制器330,其可感測電池325之充電位準。傳遞350及次級直流/直流轉換器均被耦合至直流輸出360,其可被耦合至直流裝置(無圖示)。Charger circuit 320 includes a battery 325 that is also coupled to a secondary DC/DC converter 340 that acts as a discharge circuit. Transfer 350, charger circuit 320 and secondary DC/DC converter 340 are all coupled to microcontroller 330, which senses the charge level of battery 325. Both the transfer 350 and the secondary DC/DC converter are coupled to a DC output 360, which can be coupled to a DC device (not shown).
第5A圖說明本發明另一類型實施例。電源轉接器及儲存單元500係包含被耦合至一輸入之一轉換器電路510。轉換器電路510可被移除耦合至外部電源。第5A圖中,系統500之輸入可被移除耦合至外部電源500’。轉換器電路510之輸出係被耦合至傳遞550及儲存介面520。Figure 5A illustrates another type of embodiment of the invention. The power adapter and storage unit 500 includes a converter circuit 510 that is coupled to an input. Converter circuit 510 can be removed and coupled to an external power source. In Figure 5A, the input to system 500 can be removed and coupled to external power source 500'. The output of converter circuit 510 is coupled to pass 550 and storage interface 520.
儲存介面520係與可攜帶電源模組580耦合用於儲存電源至可攜帶電源模組580中,並從該可攜帶電源模組580釋放電源。再者,儲存介面520可經由系統500輸出耦合至可攜帶裝置590。The storage interface 520 is coupled to the portable power module 580 for storing power into the portable power module 580 and releasing power from the portable power module 580. Moreover, the storage interface 520 can be coupled to the portable device 590 via the system 500.
可攜帶電源模組580可選擇性耦合至儲存介面580,用於接收來自該轉接器之電源及釋放電源至該轉接器以傳遞至可攜帶裝置590。再者,可攜帶電源模組580可選擇性與可攜帶裝置590直接耦合,並直接傳遞電源。第5A圖說明可攜帶電源模組580與系統500一致傳遞電源至可攜帶裝置590。The portable power module 580 is selectively coupled to the storage interface 580 for receiving power from the adapter and releasing power to the adapter for delivery to the portable device 590. Moreover, the portable power module 580 can be selectively coupled directly to the portable device 590 and directly deliver power. FIG. 5A illustrates that the portable power module 580 and the system 500 consistently deliver power to the portable device 590.
第6圖說明本發明另一類型實施例。電源轉接器及備份600係包含被耦合至一輸入之一轉換器電路610。轉換器電路610可被移除耦合至外部電源。第6圖中,系統600之輸入可被移除耦合至外部電源600’。轉換器電路610之輸出係被耦合至傳遞開關602及儲存開關601。Figure 6 illustrates another type of embodiment of the invention. The power adapter and backup 600 series includes a converter circuit 610 that is coupled to an input. Converter circuit 610 can be removed and coupled to an external power source. In Figure 6, the input to system 600 can be removed and coupled to external power source 600'. The output of converter circuit 610 is coupled to transfer switch 602 and storage switch 601.
儲存開關601被耦合至儲存系統620,其亦被耦合至放電開關603。當儲存開關601被致動且轉換器電路610被供電時,儲存單元620可經由其接收電源。當放電開關603被致動且出現負載時,儲存單元620可經由其釋放電源。傳遞開關602,儲存開關601及放電開關603均被耦合至控制器630,其可操作各種開關來控制電源傳遞及儲存。傳遞開關602及放電開關603均被耦合至輸出660,其可被耦合至電子裝置(無圖示)。The storage switch 601 is coupled to a storage system 620 that is also coupled to the discharge switch 603. When the storage switch 601 is actuated and the converter circuit 610 is powered, the storage unit 620 can receive power therethrough. When the discharge switch 603 is actuated and a load occurs, the storage unit 620 can discharge power therethrough. Transfer switch 602, storage switch 601 and discharge switch 603 are all coupled to controller 630, which can operate various switches to control power transfer and storage. Both transfer switch 602 and discharge switch 603 are coupled to an output 660 that can be coupled to an electronic device (not shown).
若干實施例中,控制器630係被耦合至轉換器電路610及/或儲存單元620,決定及/或控制操作期間之其特性。例如,若干實施例中,控制器630係決定儲存單元620內之電荷位準或能量位準。In some embodiments, controller 630 is coupled to converter circuit 610 and/or storage unit 620 to determine and/or control its characteristics during operation. For example, in several embodiments, controller 630 determines the level of charge or energy level within storage unit 620.
第1至3圖相關實施例操作係類似足夠在其可被同時討論之高位準處。因此,雖然以下討論僅參考第1圖,但若替代適當組件名稱,則其同樣可應用至第2或3圖。The operations of the related embodiments of Figures 1 through 3 are similar enough to be at a high level where they can be discussed simultaneously. Therefore, although the following discussion refers only to FIG. 1, if the appropriate component name is substituted, it can be applied to the second or third figure as well.
電源轉接器/備份單元100具有若干操作階段,包含純充電,放電及轉換,純轉換,及放電。這些階段此討論係集中在理想表現上。由於電子邏輯出現漏洩,此理想表現僅藉由實際單元表現來估計。The power adapter/backup unit 100 has several stages of operation, including pure charging, discharging and switching, pure switching, and discharging. At this stage, this discussion focuses on the ideal performance. Due to leakage of electronic logic, this ideal performance is only estimated by actual cell performance.
純充電階段期間,單元100係與如100’之外部電源耦合,交流/直流轉換器110藉此接收電源。再者,該單元之直流輸出160並不被電子連接至一裝置且呈現一開放電路。控制器130可感測直流輸出160上之開放電路,關閉傳遞150及直流/直流轉換器140。During the pure charging phase, unit 100 is coupled to an external power source, such as 100', from which AC/DC converter 110 receives power. Moreover, the DC output 160 of the unit is not electronically coupled to a device and presents an open circuit. Controller 130 senses the open circuit on DC output 160, turning off pass 150 and DC/DC converter 140.
被交流/直流轉換器110接收之電源係存交流被轉換為直流,且被供應至充電器電路120。在微控制器130控制下,充電器電路120可供應該直流電源至電池125,對它充電。經由交流/直流轉換器110亦耦合至傳遞150,若有,則兩者之間有少許電流。此外,該被關閉直流/直流轉換器140係限制任何電池125之放電。較佳是,微控制器130可感測電池125何時被完全充電,接著限制對充電器電路120之輸入。The power supply AC received by the AC/DC converter 110 is converted to DC and supplied to the charger circuit 120. Under the control of the microcontroller 130, the charger circuit 120 is available to supply DC power to the battery 125 to charge it. It is also coupled to the transfer 150 via the AC/DC converter 110, if any, with a slight current flow therebetween. In addition, the turned off DC/DC converter 140 limits the discharge of any of the batteries 125. Preferably, the microcontroller 130 can sense when the battery 125 is fully charged and then limit the input to the charger circuit 120.
放電及轉換階段期間,單元100係與如100’之外部電源耦合,交流/直流轉換器110藉此接收電源。此階段中,該單元之直流輸出160係被電子連接至直流供電裝置,其可從單元100汲取電源。控制器130可經由直流/直流轉換器140調變電池125之放電,最小化充電時間而仍可經由直流輸出160維持適當電壓。During the discharge and conversion phase, unit 100 is coupled to an external power source such as 100', whereby AC/DC converter 110 receives power. In this phase, the unit's DC output 160 is electronically coupled to a DC power supply that draws power from unit 100. The controller 130 can modulate the discharge of the battery 125 via the DC/DC converter 140, minimizing the charging time while still maintaining the appropriate voltage via the DC output 160.
交流/直流轉換器110所接收之電源係從交流被轉換為直流,且被供應至充電器電路120及傳遞150。在微控制器130控制下,充電器電路120可供應該直流電源至電池125,對它充電。亦在微控制器130控制下,傳遞150可經由直流輸出160供應該被轉換直流電壓至直流供電裝置。較佳是,微控制器130可感測電池125何時被完全充電,接著限制對充電器電路120之輸入,並經由直流/直流轉換器140放電。此點處,單元100係進入純轉換階段。The power source received by the AC/DC converter 110 is converted from AC to DC and supplied to the charger circuit 120 and the transfer 150. Under the control of the microcontroller 130, the charger circuit 120 is available to supply DC power to the battery 125 to charge it. Also under the control of the microcontroller 130, the transfer 150 can supply the converted DC voltage to the DC power supply via the DC output 160. Preferably, the microcontroller 130 can sense when the battery 125 is fully charged, then limit the input to the charger circuit 120 and discharge via the DC/DC converter 140. At this point, unit 100 enters the pure conversion phase.
純轉換階段期間,單元100係與如100’之外部電源耦合,交流/直流轉換器110藉此接收電源。此階段中,該單元之直流輸出160係被電子連接至直流供電裝置,其可經由單元100從單元100’汲取電源。控制器130可經由直流/直流轉換器140及傳遞150限制電池125之放電。During the pure conversion phase, unit 100 is coupled to an external power source such as 100', whereby AC/DC converter 110 receives power. In this phase, the unit's DC output 160 is electronically coupled to a DC power supply that can draw power from unit 100' via unit 100. The controller 130 can limit the discharge of the battery 125 via the DC/DC converter 140 and the transfer 150.
交流/直流轉換器110所接收之電源係從交流被轉換為直流,且被供應至傳遞150。在微控制器130控制下,充電器電路120係限制其電源消耗。亦在微控制器130控制下,傳遞150可經由直流輸出160供應該被轉換直流電壓至直流供電裝置。若單元100於供應電源時與外部電源分離,則其進入放電階段。The power source received by the AC/DC converter 110 is converted from AC to DC and supplied to the transfer 150. Under the control of the microcontroller 130, the charger circuit 120 limits its power consumption. Also under the control of the microcontroller 130, the transfer 150 can supply the converted DC voltage to the DC power supply via the DC output 160. If the unit 100 is separated from the external power source when the power is supplied, it enters the discharge phase.
放電階段期間,單元100不與外部電源耦合,而交流/直流轉換器110不接收電源。此階段中,該單元之直流輸出160係被電子連接至直流供電裝置,其可從單元100汲取電源。控制器130可經由直流/直流轉換器140調變電池125之放電,而仍可經由直流輸出160維持適當電壓。在微控制器130控制下,電源係經由直流/直流轉換器及直流輸出160從電池125供應至直流供電裝置。During the discharge phase, unit 100 is not coupled to an external power source, and AC/DC converter 110 does not receive power. In this phase, the unit's DC output 160 is electronically coupled to a DC power supply that draws power from unit 100. The controller 130 can modulate the discharge of the battery 125 via the DC/DC converter 140 while still maintaining the appropriate voltage via the DC output 160. Under control of the microcontroller 130, power is supplied from the battery 125 to the DC power supply via a DC/DC converter and a DC output 160.
第5A及B圖說明之系統500亦具有若干操作階段。這些包含純儲存,儲存及供應,純供應及放電。此這些階段討論係集中於理想表現上。由於電子邏輯出現漏洩,此理想表現僅藉由實際單元表現來估計。The system 500 illustrated in Figures 5A and B also has several operational stages. These include pure storage, storage and supply, pure supply and discharge. This phase of discussion focuses on the ideal performance. Due to leakage of electronic logic, this ideal performance is only estimated by actual cell performance.
純儲存階段期間,單元500係與如500’之外部電源耦合,轉換器電路510藉此接收電源。再者,該單元500及可攜帶裝置590不被電子連接,所以傳遞550及儲存介面520係被呈現具有一開放電路。儲存介面520之放電元件係因該開放電路而被關閉。During the pure storage phase, unit 500 is coupled to an external power source, such as 500', from which converter circuit 510 receives power. Moreover, the unit 500 and the portable device 590 are not electronically connected, so the transfer 550 and the storage interface 520 are presented with an open circuit. The discharge element of storage interface 520 is closed due to the open circuit.
轉換器電路510所接收之電源係被轉換及供應至儲存介面520。該被轉換電源係從儲存介面520被供應至可攜帶電源模組580,其可藉由如對電池充電而被儲存於此。雖然電路510亦耦合至傳遞550,若有,則兩者之間有少許電流。此外,該被關閉放電元件係限制來自可攜帶電源模組580之任何電源經由儲存介面520放電。The power source received by converter circuit 510 is converted and supplied to storage interface 520. The converted power source is supplied from the storage interface 520 to the portable power module 580, which can be stored therein by, for example, charging the battery. Although circuit 510 is also coupled to pass 550, if there is, there is a slight current flow between the two. In addition, the closed discharge component limits any power source from the portable power module 580 from discharging via the storage interface 520.
儲存及供應階段期間,單元500係與如600’之外部電源耦合,轉換器電路510藉此接收電源。此階段中,該單元係被電子連接至可攜帶裝置590,其可從單元500汲取電源。儲存介面520之放電元件可從可攜帶電源模組汲取些許,若有,被儲存電源來最小化充電時間。同時,轉換器電路510可經由傳遞550於裝置590適當電壓下供應被轉換電源。During the storage and supply phase, unit 500 is coupled to an external power source, such as 600', from which converter circuit 510 receives power. In this phase, the unit is electronically coupled to a portable device 590 that can draw power from unit 500. The discharge component of the storage interface 520 can draw a small amount from the portable power module, and if so, is stored with a power source to minimize charging time. At the same time, converter circuit 510 can supply the converted power supply via transfer 550 at the appropriate voltage of device 590.
轉換器電路510所接收之電源係被轉換及供應至儲存介面520及傳遞550。儲存介面520將該被轉換電源供應至其被儲存之可攜帶電源模組580。傳遞550將該被轉換電源供應至裝置590。較佳是,一旦可攜帶電源模組580滿了,儲存介面520即限制對可攜帶電源模組580之輸入。此點處,單元500係進入純供應階段。The power received by converter circuit 510 is converted and supplied to storage interface 520 and to 550. The storage interface 520 supplies the converted power to the stored portable power module 580. Transfer 550 supplies the converted power to device 590. Preferably, once the portable power module 580 is full, the storage interface 520 limits the input to the portable power module 580. At this point, unit 500 enters the pure supply phase.
純供應階段期間,單元500係與如600’之外部電源耦合,轉換器電路510藉此接收電源。此階段中,該單元係被電子連接至可攜帶裝置590,其可從單元500汲取電源。儲存介面520之放電元件可從可攜帶電源模組汲取些許,若有,被儲存電源係從可攜帶電源模組被汲取來最小化充電時間。同時,轉換器電路510可經由傳遞550於裝置590適當電壓下供應被轉換電源。During the pure supply phase, unit 500 is coupled to an external power source, such as 600', from which converter circuit 510 receives power. In this phase, the unit is electronically coupled to a portable device 590 that can draw power from unit 500. The discharge component of the storage interface 520 can take a little from the portable power module, and if so, the stored power source is drawn from the portable power module to minimize charging time. At the same time, converter circuit 510 can supply the converted power supply via transfer 550 at the appropriate voltage of device 590.
轉換器電路510所接收之電源係被轉換及供應至傳遞550。儲存介面520限制全可攜帶電源模組580之電源消耗。傳遞550供應被轉換電源至裝置590。若單元500於供應電源時與外部電源分離,則其進入放電階段。The power source received by converter circuit 510 is converted and supplied to pass 550. The storage interface 520 limits the power consumption of the fully portable power module 580. The transfer 550 supplies the converted power to the device 590. If the unit 500 is separated from the external power source when the power is supplied, it enters the discharge phase.
放電階段期間,單元500不與外部電源耦合,而轉換器電路510不接收電源。此階段中,該單元係被電子連接至裝置590,其可從單元500汲取電源。儲存介面520可調變可攜帶電源模組580之放電,以維持適當裝置590之電壓。During the discharge phase, unit 500 is not coupled to an external power source, and converter circuit 510 does not receive power. In this phase, the unit is electronically coupled to device 590, which can draw power from unit 500. The storage interface 520 can adjust the discharge of the portable power module 580 to maintain the voltage of the appropriate device 590.
如第5B圖所示,單元500可支援放電階段變異,其中可攜帶電源模組580係直接被連接至可攜帶裝置590。此階段中,可攜帶電源模組580已經由轉換器電路510及儲存介面520被充電。較佳是,為了支援此變異,可攜帶電源模組580包含與其儲存介面520分離之一放電元件,且可配置與裝置590直接互連。若干實施例中,與儲存介面520之可攜帶電源模組580介面係可配置與裝置590互連。As shown in FIG. 5B, unit 500 can support a discharge phase variation in which portable power module 580 is directly coupled to portable device 590. At this stage, the portable power module 580 has been charged by the converter circuit 510 and the storage interface 520. Preferably, to support this variation, the portable power module 580 includes a discharge element separate from its storage interface 520 and is configurable to be directly interconnected with the device 590. In some embodiments, the portable power module 580 interface with the storage interface 520 is configurable to interconnect with the device 590.
第6圖之系統600亦具有若干操作階段。這些包含純儲存,儲存及供應,純供應及放電。此這些階段討論係集中於理想表現上。由於電子邏輯出現漏洩,此理想表現僅藉由實際單元表現來估計。The system 600 of Figure 6 also has several operational stages. These include pure storage, storage and supply, pure supply and discharge. This phase of discussion focuses on the ideal performance. Due to leakage of electronic logic, this ideal performance is only estimated by actual cell performance.
純儲存階段期間,單元600係與如600’之外部電源耦合,轉換器電路610藉此接收電源。再者,該單元600不被電子連接至一裝置,所以傳遞開關602及放電開關603係被呈現具有一開放電路。放電開關603係因該開放電路而被關閉,其較佳藉由控制器630感測。轉換器電路610所供應之電源係較佳藉由控制器630感測,其可致動儲存開關601。During the pure storage phase, unit 600 is coupled to an external power source, such as 600', from which converter circuit 610 receives power. Moreover, the unit 600 is not electronically connected to a device, so the transfer switch 602 and the discharge switch 603 are presented with an open circuit. The discharge switch 603 is turned off due to the open circuit, which is preferably sensed by the controller 630. The power supply supplied by converter circuit 610 is preferably sensed by controller 630, which actuates storage switch 601.
轉換器電路610所接收之電源係經由儲存開關601被轉換及供應至儲存單元620。該被轉換電源係藉由入對電池充電而被儲存於儲存單元620。雖然轉換器電路610亦耦合至傳遞開關602,若有,則兩者之間有少許電流。此外,該被關閉放電開關603係限制來自儲存單元620之任何電源放電。The power received by the converter circuit 610 is converted and supplied to the storage unit 620 via the storage switch 601. The converted power source is stored in the storage unit 620 by charging the battery. Although converter circuit 610 is also coupled to transfer switch 602, if any, there is a slight current flow therebetween. In addition, the shut down discharge switch 603 limits any power supply discharge from the storage unit 620.
儲存及供應階段期間,單元600係與如600’之外部電源耦合,轉換器電路610藉此接收電源。此階段中,該單元係被電子連接至可攜帶裝置(無圖示),其可從單元600汲取電源。放電開關603係被關閉,若有,被儲存電源係從儲存單元620被汲取來最小化充電時間。同時,轉換器電路610可經由傳遞開關602於裝置690適當電壓下供應該被轉換電源。During the storage and supply phase, unit 600 is coupled to an external power source, such as 600', from which converter circuit 610 receives power. In this phase, the unit is electronically coupled to a portable device (not shown) that can draw power from unit 600. The discharge switch 603 is turned off, and if so, the stored power source is drawn from the storage unit 620 to minimize charging time. At the same time, converter circuit 610 can supply the converted power supply at appropriate voltage to device 690 via transfer switch 602.
轉換器電路610所接收之電源係被轉換及供應至儲存單元620及傳遞開關602。儲存單元620將該被轉換電源供應至其被儲存之儲存單元620。傳遞開關602將該被轉換電源供應至輸出660。較佳是,一旦儲存單元620滿了,控制器630係藉由關閉儲存開關601限制輸入。此點處,單元600係進入純供應階段。The power received by converter circuit 610 is converted and supplied to storage unit 620 and transfer switch 602. The storage unit 620 supplies the converted power to the storage unit 620 that is stored. Transfer switch 602 supplies the converted power to output 660. Preferably, once storage unit 620 is full, controller 630 limits the input by turning off storage switch 601. At this point, unit 600 enters the pure supply phase.
純供應階段期間,單元600係與如600’之外部電源耦合,轉換器電路610藉此接收電源。此階段中,該單元係被電子連接至可攜帶裝置(無圖示),其可從單元600汲取電源。放電開關603係被關閉,若有少許,則被儲存電源從儲存單元620被放電來最小化充電時間。同時,轉換器電路610可經由傳遞開關602於該被供應裝置適當電壓下供應被轉換電源至輸出660。During the pure supply phase, unit 600 is coupled to an external power source, such as 600', from which converter circuit 610 receives power. In this phase, the unit is electronically coupled to a portable device (not shown) that can draw power from unit 600. The discharge switch 603 is turned off, and if there is a little, the stored power is discharged from the storage unit 620 to minimize the charging time. At the same time, converter circuit 610 can supply the converted power to output 660 via transfer switch 602 at the appropriate voltage of the supplied device.
轉換器電路610所接收之電源係被轉換及供應至傳遞開關602。控制器630係藉由關閉儲存開關601來限制儲存單元620之電源消耗。傳遞開關602供應被轉換電源至輸出660及其上裝置。若單元600於供應電源時與外部電源分離,則其進入放電階段。The power source received by converter circuit 610 is converted and supplied to transfer switch 602. The controller 630 limits the power consumption of the storage unit 620 by turning off the storage switch 601. Transfer switch 602 supplies the converted power to output 660 and its upper device. If the unit 600 is separated from the external power source when the power is supplied, it enters the discharge phase.
放電階段期間,單元600不與外部電源耦合,而轉換器電路610不接收電源。此階段中,該單元係經由輸出660被電子連接至裝置,而該裝置可從單元600汲取電源。控制器630及儲存單元620可調變儲存單元620之放電,以維持該裝置之適當電壓。During the discharge phase, unit 600 is not coupled to an external power source, and converter circuit 610 does not receive power. In this phase, the unit is electronically coupled to the device via output 660, and the device can draw power from unit 600. The controller 630 and the storage unit 620 modulate the discharge of the storage unit 620 to maintain an appropriate voltage of the device.
正常使用期間,電源轉接器/備份單元係於相當頻繁使用各階段之間變換。較佳實施例中,包含於該單元中之微控制器係被配置最佳處理所有可能轉換,管理電源平衡於快速電池充電及有效,一致電源分佈之間。During normal use, the power adapter/backup unit is switched between phases that are used quite frequently. In the preferred embodiment, the microcontroller included in the unit is configured to optimally handle all possible transitions, managing power balancing between fast battery charging and efficient, consistent power distribution.
本發明已以包含細節之特定實施例作說明來促進本發明建構原理及操作。如此,不預期特定實施例及細節參考限制附帶申請專利範圍。熟練技術人士將明瞭,只要不背離本發明精神及範疇,均可修改被選擇作說明之實施例。The present invention has been described in terms of specific embodiments, which are described in detail. As such, the specific embodiments and details are not intended to be It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments which are selected for the description may be modified without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
100、200、300、500、600...單元100, 200, 300, 500, 600. . . unit
402、422...輸入402, 422. . . Input
400...裝置400. . . Device
406...電池406. . . battery
410...轉接器410. . . Adapter
415...耦合415. . . coupling
417...觸腳417. . . Feet
420...模組420. . . Module
425...輸出425. . . Output
500’、600’...電源500’, 600’. . . power supply
601、602、603...開關601, 602, 603. . . switch
AC...交流AC. . . communicate with
DC...直流DC. . . DC
PPM...可攜帶電源模組PPM. . . Portable power module
第1圖說明本發明較佳實施例,其提供交流/直流轉換及備份電池電源。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 illustrates a preferred embodiment of the present invention which provides AC/DC conversion and backup battery power.
第2圖說明本發明替代實施例,其提供直流/直流轉換及備份電池電源。Figure 2 illustrates an alternate embodiment of the present invention that provides DC/DC conversion and backup battery power.
第3圖說明本發明替代實施例,其提供直流/直流轉換及交流/直流轉換及備份電池電源。Figure 3 illustrates an alternate embodiment of the present invention that provides DC/DC conversion and AC/DC conversion and backup battery power.
第4A圖說明一典型可攜帶電子裝置及一轉接器例。Figure 4A illustrates an example of a typical portable electronic device and an adapter.
第4B圖說明一可攜帶電源模組例。Figure 4B illustrates an example of a portable power module.
第5A圖說明與若干實施例一致之電源轉接器,及與可攜帶電源模組及可攜帶裝置交互作用之其電位。Figure 5A illustrates a power adapter consistent with several embodiments and its potential to interact with the portable power module and the portable device.
第5B圖說明可攜帶電源模組及電子裝置間之電位交互作用。Figure 5B illustrates the potential interaction between the portable power module and the electronic device.
第6圖說明與若干實施例一致之電源轉接器及備份電源單元。Figure 6 illustrates a power adapter and backup power unit consistent with several embodiments.
100...單元100. . . unit
AC...交流AC. . . communicate with
DC...直流DC. . . DC
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