TWI414072B - 太陽能模組 - Google Patents
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Description
本發明係有關於一種太陽能模組,特別是有關於一種可讓太陽光部分穿透的太陽能模組。
在習知的太陽能技術中,習知的太陽能模組通常設置於房屋或建築物的屋頂或外牆,但是由此種太陽能模組對太陽光的穿透力不佳,因此無法應用於窗戶上。
本發明的太陽能模組的一較佳實施例包括一基板以及複數個太陽能電池晶片。該基板,具有一光入射面以及相反於該光入射面之一光出射面,且包括至少一光擴散層以及至少一導光層,該等導光層係鄰接於該光擴散層,其中該基板的穿透率為5%至85%。該等太陽能電池晶片係設於該基板之該光擴散層以及該等導光層的側面,且面向該光擴散層以及該等導光層的側面太陽光經由該光入射面進入該基板之該光擴散層並由該光擴散層進行擴散,而擴散後的太陽光係由該光擴散層與該導光層的介面反射或其複合層反射,並收集於設置於該光擴散層的側面之該等太陽能電池晶片中,而部分的太陽光進入該等導光層,並由該等導光層的介面做反射,而反射後的太陽光由該等太陽能模組收集。
在上述較佳實施例中,該等導光層的材質為壓克力、聚碳酸酯、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚氨酯、聚醯亞胺、矽利光樹脂或玻璃。
在上述較佳實施例中,該光擴散層的材質為壓克力、聚碳酸酯、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚氨酯、聚醯亞胺或矽利光樹脂。
在上述較佳實施例中,該光擴散層包括光散射粒子。
在上述較佳實施例中,該光擴散層包括雙折射率混合材料。
在上述較佳實施例中,該光擴散層為光學複合結構。
在上述較佳實施例中,一隔熱層形成於該基板的一表面,該表面係相對於與太陽光進入該基板的另一表面。
在上述較佳實施例中,該隔熱層對於太陽光具有高反射率。
在上述較佳實施例中,其包括一光擴散層與二導光層,該光擴散層係設於該二導光層之間。
如第1圖所示,太陽能模組1000包括一基板100以及設於基板100側面的太陽能電池晶片70。基板100具有一光入射面S1以及相反於光入射面S1之一光出射面S2,且包括光擴散層10以及導光層20、30、40。太陽光L經由光入射面S1進入光擴散層10。第2圖表示光擴散層10更詳細的構造。光散射粒子12分佈於光擴散層10中。當太
陽光L進入光擴散層10時,太陽光由光散射粒子12散射。散射後的光由光擴散層10的介面反射,並由太陽能電池晶片70收集。該等散射粒子12最好是透光的,但具有與光擴散層10不同折射率的材質。
部分的太陽光L穿透光擴散層10並進入導光層20,如第3圖所示。由於光擴散層10的折射率與導光層20、30、40不同,當太陽光從光擴散層10進入導光層20時,太陽光產生折射,而折射後的太陽光由導光層20的介面反射,而收集於太陽能電池晶片70中。
導光層20、30、40係由壓克力、聚碳酸酯、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚氨酯、聚醯亞胺、矽利光樹脂或玻璃製成。光擴散層10係由壓克力、聚碳酸酯、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚氨酯、聚醯亞胺或矽利光樹脂製成。
一隔熱層係形成於導光層40上。該隔熱層對於太陽光具有高反射率,並容許部分的太陽光穿透。穿透導光層20、30、40的太陽光由該隔熱層反射而收集至太陽能電池晶片70,其增加了太陽能電池晶片70的效率。
一般而言,基板100具有四個側邊。太陽能電池晶片70可設置於基板100的一、二、三或四個側邊。當太陽能電池晶片70設置於基板100的二或三個側邊時,反射層可形成於其他未設置太陽能電池晶片70的側邊。
太陽能電池晶片可為III-V族太陽能電池晶片、單晶矽太陽能電池晶片、多晶矽太陽能電池晶片與CIGS太陽能電池晶片。
基板100的穿透率為5%至85%,因此太陽光可穿透
基板100,本發明的太陽能模組可應用至建築物的窗戶,藉此可看見窗外的景象。
雖然光擴散層係設於基板中的第一層,而直接接受太陽光的照射,但光擴散層位於第二層、第三層或第四層亦可,或者是基板100可包括多個光擴散層。
以下有兩個太陽能模組的測試例。
測試例A包括一正方形的光擴散板,厚度為14mm,長度為170mm,霧度81,且透光率為45%。太陽能電池晶片的效率為14%,並貼合於光擴散板的側面至面積72cm2。該太陽能模組的效率為1.66%。
測試例B包括一正方形的光擴散板,厚度為3mm,長度為170mm,霧度23,且透光率為83%。該光擴散板被兩個厚度為5mm的玻璃板夾持。效率14%的太陽能電池晶片被貼合於光擴散板的側面至面積72cm2。該太陽能模組的效率為1.36%。
以下為本發明之數個實施例,藉由改變不同的參數,而說明該等參數對於太陽能電池的效率的影響。
基板僅具備光擴散層,不具有導光層,其長度為81mm,寬度為81mm,厚度為14mm,霧度為5.7Haze的壓克力材質製的擴散導光板,其四邊黏合太陽電池,並以一尺寸相同,對照組為市售同尺寸透明壓克力,量測效率如下表:
基板僅具備光擴散層,不具有導光層,其長度為81mm,寬度為81mm,厚度為14mm,霧度為11.38Haze的壓克力材質製的擴散導光板,其四邊黏合太陽電池,並以一尺寸相同,對照組為市售同尺寸透明壓克力,量測效率如下表:
基板僅具備光擴散層,不具有導光層,其長度為81mm,寬度為81mm,厚度為14mm,霧度為38.70Haze的壓克力材質製的擴散導光板,其四邊黏合太陽電池,並以一尺寸相同,對照組為市售同尺寸透明壓克力,量測效率如下表:
基板僅具備光擴散層,不具有導光層,其長度為81mm,寬度為81mm,厚度為14mm,霧度為78.77Haze的壓克力材質製的擴散導光板,其四邊黏合太陽電池,並以一尺寸相同,對照組為市售同尺寸透明壓克力,量測效率如下表:
基板僅具備光擴散層,不具有導光層,其長度為168mm,寬度為168mm,厚度為14mm,霧度為36.56Haze的壓克力材質製的擴散導光板,其四邊黏合太陽電池,並以一尺寸相同,對照組為市售同尺寸透明壓克力,量測效率如下表:
基板僅具備光擴散層,不具有導光層,其長度為168mm,寬度為168mm,厚度為14mm,霧度為81.88Haze的壓克力材質製的擴散導光板,其四邊黏合太陽電池,並以一尺寸相同,對照組為市售同尺寸透明壓克力,量測效率如下表:
實施例1~6的基板僅具備光擴散層,不具有導光層,在以下的實施例中,設置導光層。
一聚碳酸酯(PC)的光擴散層,其長度為81mm,寬度為81mm,厚度為3mm,霧度為50.26Haze,上方黏合一厚度為10mm的透明壓克力片做為導光層,其四邊黏合太
陽電池,並以一尺寸相同,對照組為市售同尺寸透明壓克力,量測效率如下表:
一聚碳酸酯(PC)的光擴散層,其長度為168mm,寬度為168mm,厚度為3mm,霧度為36.05Haze,上方黏合一厚度為10mm的白玻璃片做為導光層,其四邊黏合太陽電池,並以一尺寸相同,對照組為市售同尺寸透明壓克力,量測效率如下表:
一聚碳酸酯(PC)的光擴散層,其長度為168mm,寬度為168mm,厚度為3mm,霧度為50.26Haze,上方黏合一厚度為10mm的白玻璃片做為導光層,其四邊黏合太陽
電池,並以一尺寸相同,對照組為市售同尺寸透明壓克力,量測效率如下表:
一聚碳酸酯(PC)的光擴散層,其長度為168mm,寬度為168mm,厚度為3mm,霧度為50.26Haze,上方黏合一厚度為10mm的白玻璃片做為導光層,其四邊黏合太陽電池,在背面平鋪白色布幕(模擬窗簾拉上的效果),量測效率如下表:
以下的實施例,除了一光擴散層之外,在光擴散層的上下兩面分別設置一導光層。
一聚碳酸酯(PC)的光擴散層,其長度為168mm,寬
度為168mm,厚度為3mm,霧度為15.18Haze,上、下方各黏合厚度為5mm的白玻璃片做為導光層,其四邊黏合太陽電池,並以一尺寸相同,對照組為市售同尺寸透明壓克力,量測效率如下表:
一聚碳酸酯(PC)的光擴散層,其長度為168mm,寬度為168mm,厚度為3mm,霧度為36.05Haze,上、下方各黏合厚度為5mm的白玻璃片做為導光層,其四邊黏合太陽電池,並以一尺寸相同,對照組為市售同尺寸透明壓克力,量測效率如下表:
一聚碳酸酯(PC)的光擴散層,其長度為168mm,寬
度為168mm,厚度為3mm,霧度為50.26Haze,上、下方各黏合厚度為5mm的白玻璃片做為導光層,其四邊黏合太陽電池,並以一尺寸相同,對照組為市售同尺寸透明壓克力,量測效率如下表:
一聚碳酸酯(PC)的光擴散層,其長度為168mm,寬度為168mm,厚度為3mm,霧度為64.31Haze,上、下方各黏合厚度為5mm的白玻璃片做為導光層,其四邊黏合太陽電池,並以一尺寸相同,對照組為市售同尺寸透明壓克力,量測效率如下表:
一聚碳酸酯(PC)的光擴散層,其長度為275mm,寬
度為220mm,厚度為3mm,霧度為20.13Haze,上、下方各黏合厚度為5mm的白玻璃片做為導光層,其四邊黏合太陽電池,量測效率如下表:
一聚碳酸酯(PC)的光擴散層,其長度為275mm,寬度為220mm,厚度為3mm,霧度為20.13Haze,上、下方各黏合厚度為5mm的白玻璃片做為導光層,在背面平鋪白色布幕(模擬窗簾拉上的效果),其四邊黏合太陽電池,量測效率如下表:
從實施例1~4的數據中,效率隨霧度的提升而上升,從實施例3~4的數據比較中,面積變大效率下降。從實施例3與8的數據比較,相同霧度下多層結構效率較單層結構高。
雖然本發明已以較佳實施例揭露如上,然其並非用以
限定本發明,任何熟習此技藝者,在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內,當可作些許之更動與潤飾,因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。
10‧‧‧光擴散層
12‧‧‧光散射粒子
20、30、40‧‧‧導光層
70‧‧‧太陽能電池晶片
100‧‧‧基板
1000‧‧‧太陽能模組
L‧‧‧太陽光
S1‧‧‧光入射面
S2‧‧‧光出射面
第1圖為本發明的太陽能模組的示意圖。
第2圖為本發明的太陽能模組的基板的光擴散層的示意圖。
第3圖表示太陽光由光擴散層及導光層導引至太陽能電池晶片。
10‧‧‧光擴散層
12‧‧‧光散射粒子
20‧‧‧導光層
70‧‧‧太陽能電池晶片
L‧‧‧太陽光
S1‧‧‧光入射面
S2‧‧‧光出射面
Claims (17)
- 一種太陽能模組,包括:一基板,具有一光入射面以及相反於該光入射面之一光出射面,且包括至少一光擴散層以及至少一導光層,該等導光層係鄰接於該光擴散層,其中該基板的穿透率為5%至85%;複數個太陽能電池晶片,設於該基板之該光擴散層以及該等導光層的側面,且面向該光擴散層以及該等導光層的側面,太陽光經由該光入射面進入該基板之該光擴散層並由該光擴散層進行擴散,而擴散後的太陽光係由該光擴散層與該導光層的介面反射,並收集於設置於該光擴散層的側面之該等太陽能電池晶片中,而部分的太陽光進入該等導光層,並由該等導光層的介面做反射,而反射後的太陽光由設置於該等導光層的側面之該等太陽能模組收集。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之太陽能模組,其中該等導光層的材質為壓克力、聚碳酸酯、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚氨酯、聚醯亞胺、矽利光樹脂或玻璃。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之太陽能模組,其中該光擴散層的材質為壓克力、聚碳酸酯、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚氨酯、聚醯亞胺或矽利光樹脂。
- 如申請專利範圍第3項所述之太陽能模組,其中該光擴散層包括光散射粒子。
- 如申請專利範圍第3項所述之太陽能模組,其中該光擴散層包括雙折射率混合材料。
- 如申請專利範圍第3項所述之太陽能模組,其中該 光擴散層為光學複合結構。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之太陽能模組,其中一隔熱層形成於該基板的一表面,該表面係相對於與太陽光進入該基板的另一表面。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項所述之太陽能模組,其中該隔熱層對於太陽光具有高反射率。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之太陽能模組,其中該太陽能電池晶片為III-V族太陽能電池晶片、單晶矽太陽能電池晶片、多晶矽太陽能電池晶片與CIGS太陽能電池晶片。
- 如申請專利範圍第9項所述之太陽能模組,其中該等太陽能電池晶片係設置於該基板的四個側面。
- 如申請專利範圍第9項所述之太陽能模組,其中該等太陽能電池晶片係設置於該基板的三個側面。
- 如申請專利範圍第9項所述之太陽能模組,其中該等太陽能電池晶片係設置於該基板的二個側面。
- 如申請專利範圍第9項所述之太陽能模組,其中該等太陽能電池晶片係設置於該基板的一個側面。
- 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之太陽能模組,其中複數個反射層係形成於該基板的該等側面,該反射層形成於其上的該側面不設置太陽能電池晶片。
- 如申請專利範圍第12項所述之太陽能模組,其中複數個反射層係形成於該基板的該等側面,該反射層形成於其上的該側面不設置太陽能電池晶片。
- 如申請專利範圍第13項所述之太陽能模組,其中 複數個反射層係形成於該基板的該等側面,該反射層形成於其上的該側面不設置太陽能電池晶片。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之太陽能模組,其包括一光擴散層與二導光層,該光擴散層係設於該二導光層之間。
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