TWI411212B - 電感式轉換裝置及能量控制方法 - Google Patents

電感式轉換裝置及能量控制方法 Download PDF

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TWI411212B
TWI411212B TW098135387A TW98135387A TWI411212B TW I411212 B TWI411212 B TW I411212B TW 098135387 A TW098135387 A TW 098135387A TW 98135387 A TW98135387 A TW 98135387A TW I411212 B TWI411212 B TW I411212B
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energy
conversion device
inductive
current peak
current
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TW201115895A (en
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Alpha & Omega Semiconductor
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0083—Converters characterised by their input or output configuration
    • H02M1/009—Converters characterised by their input or output configuration having two or more independently controlled outputs

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Description

電感式轉換裝置及能量控制方法
本發明係關於一種電子電路裝置與能量效能控制方法，特別是關於一種應用於電源電路轉換裝置之電感式轉換裝置及能量控制方法。
現今許多工業應用及各式電子產品皆具有電源電路的設計，於電源電路的設計中係將包含轉換器(converter)電路，最為常見之轉換器電路係將設置有電感。如美國專利案號US2006/0114624係提出一單電感多輸出之轉換器之系統與控制方法，其係將輸出電壓迴授，經過參考電壓產生器及切換控制器動態產生參考電流(IREF)以控制轉換器之電感充放電。然而，依據此參考電流(IREF)為電流門檻充電電感將會使得能量超過實際系統能量的需求，故轉換器的能量效能不佳。
因此，ISSCC/2007論文”A Single-Inductor Step-Up DC-DC Switching Converter with Bipolar Outputs for Active Matrix OLED Mobile Display Panels”係提出將加入一釋放轉換開關(free-wheeling switch)與電感器並接，，當此開關閉合時，將形成一短路路徑，電流將不通過電感進行充電，使能量透過短路路徑排除以限制電感儲存之能量。然而，藉由釋放轉換開關形成一短路路徑之方法，為將能量進行釋放，雖有效可改善能量超過實際系統所需能量的問題但於釋放能量的過程，為將超過之能量導入接地釋放，將使得能量效能較上述美國專利所揭示之技術更為不佳。
有鑑於此，本發明係針對上述該些困擾與目標，同時結合電力電子技術與能量控制概念，提出一電感式轉換裝置及能量控制方法。
本發明之主要目的係在提供一種電感式轉換裝置及能量控制方法，其係利用輸出電壓誤差值計算出充電電感之電流峰值以得知實際所需之能量總值，將有效提升能量效率。
本發明之另一目的係在提供一種電感式轉換裝置及能量控制方法，其係利用輸出電壓誤差值之能量面積加總等於能量總值之能量面積以量化輸出電壓誤差值之能量總合等於能量總值，將增進能量估算之準確度。
本發明之又一目的係在提供一種電感式轉換裝置及能量控制方法，其係能應用於各式電感轉換裝置電路設計之能量計算，將可為通式應用層面極為廣範。
為達到上述之目的，本發明提出之電感式轉換裝置及能量控制方法，其係將以參考電壓為基準計算複數個輸出電壓之各別誤差值；依據誤差值之能量以計算出電流峰值，且藉由電流峰值計算能量總值，電流峰值係為最大充電電流之限制，能量總值係為誤差值之能量的加總，並且為系統所需能量；以電流峰值充電至至少一電感，電感將儲存能量總值，即電感係將儲存系統所需能量。
底下藉由具體實施例配合所附的圖式詳加說明，當更容易瞭解本發明之目的、技術內容、特點及其所達成之功效。
本發明提出一種電感式轉換裝置及能量控制方法，係將藉由計算電流峰值求得充電電流最大峰值限制以得知系統最大所需之能量總值。底下則將以較佳實施例詳述本發明之技術特徵。
第一圖為本發明控制電感充電能量之流程圖，如圖所示，首先，如步驟S10，計算複數個輸出電壓之各別的誤差值，此輸出電壓係可為單一電壓輸出或複數個電壓同時輸出之正電壓或負電壓，且輸出電壓之誤差值的計算係以一參考電壓做為電壓基準。之後，如步驟S12，依據輸出電壓之誤差值計算電流峰值，電流峰值係為系統中每一充電周期的最大充電限制，充電之電流將不超越電流峰值的門檻；並且藉由電流峰值係能計算出系統所需能量的能量總值，此能量總值係將為每一輸出電壓誤差值的能量總合。其後，如步驟S14，依據電流峰值 為充電門檻，對至少一電感充電，電感係將儲存此能量總值，換言之，電感所儲存的能量為系統所需能量。
此外，當複數個輸出電壓同時輸出時，係將依據電流峰值以及承受之負載，依照負載之輕重計算出負載充電的先後。另外，輸出電壓之電壓值係將高於輸入電壓之電壓值。
底下將針對本發明電感式轉換裝置的電路架構做進一步詳細說明。
第二圖為本發明電感式能量轉換裝置之電路架構示意圖，如圖所示，電感式能量轉換裝置60輸出之正輸出電壓(VOP)與負輸出電壓(VON)分別經由電阻R1、R2及電阻R3、R4分壓後以參考電壓(Vref)為基準，透過誤差放大器EA1與EA2分別產生正輸出電壓誤差值電壓(VEOP)及負輸出電壓誤差值電壓(VEON)；正輸出電壓誤差值(VEOP)及負輸出電壓誤差值(VEON)將輸入至電流峰值產生器62，透過電流峰值產生器62計算正負輸出電壓誤差值之能量動態產生電流峰值(Ipeak)，進而得知電感式能量轉換裝置60所需能量總值；透過比較器組(CMP)70將電流峰值(Ipeak)與正輸出電壓誤差值(VEOP)及負輸出電壓誤差值(VEON)以及電感電流進行比較。其中電感電流為電流感測器64所偵測出流經電感62之電流，電感電流變動產生之誤差係藉由斜率補償器66補償，並透過電阻器RRS將流經電流感測器64及斜率補償器66連接節點之電感電流轉換成電壓VRS輸入至比較器組(CMP)70以與電流峰值(Ipeak)比較。；比較後係產生電壓訊號VP、VN輸入至控制電路68，控制電路68接收電壓訊號VP、VN將產生控制訊號P、N及參考電壓(Vref)，藉由控制訊號P、N控制開關電路72中包含之MA、MB、MC與MD等四個電晶體開關的開啟或閉合，以控制電感62之充放電，進而得以控制電感式能量轉換裝置60輸出之正輸出電壓(VOP)與負輸出電壓(VON)。經由上述實施例說明可知本發明係將藉由輸出電壓誤差值計算出電流峰值(Ipeak)以得知所需能量總值，能量總值將為系統所需能量。充電時將以電流峰值(Ipeak)為充電門檻，使能量能夠有效被控制為系統 所需之能量。此外，把發明提出之能量控制方法係將不局限於單一電感轉換裝置，多電感轉換裝置係將適用於本發明。另外，本發明係將適用於非隔離式之昇壓式、降壓式、昇降壓式電源轉換電路及隔離式之順向式、全橋式、半橋式、推挽式之電源轉換電路等各式電源轉換電路及電源轉換電路組合。
以上所述之實施例僅係為說明本發明之技術思想及特點，其目的在使熟習此項技藝之人士能夠瞭解本發明之內容並據以實施，當不能以之限定本發明之專利範圍，即大凡依本發明所揭示之精神所作之均等變化或修飾，仍應涵蓋在本發明之專利範圍內。
60‧‧‧電感式能量轉換裝置
62‧‧‧電流峰值產生器
64‧‧‧電流感測器
66‧‧‧斜率補償器
68‧‧‧控制電路
70‧‧‧比較器組(CMP)
72‧‧‧開關電路
第一圖為本發明控制電感充電能量之流程圖。
第二圖為本發明電感式能量轉換裝置之電路架構示意圖。

Claims (17)

  1. 一種電感式轉換裝置之能量控制方法，其係儲存一電感式轉換裝置所需之能量總值，該電感式轉換裝置包括複數誤差放大器與一電流峰值器，該電感式轉換裝置之能量控制方法包括：將複數個輸出電壓分壓後，以一參考電壓為基準，分別透過該些誤差放大器產生各別誤差值；將該誤差值輸入至該電流峰值器中，以透過該電流峰值器計算該誤差值之能量動態產生電流峰值，並藉由該電流峰值計算該能量總值；以及依據該電流峰值充電至至少一電感，且該電感係將儲存該能量總值。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之電感式轉換裝置之能量控制方法，其中該電流峰值係為每一充電周期之最大充電限制。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之電感式轉換裝置之能量控制方法，其中該能量總值係為每一該誤差值之能量的總合。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之電感式轉換裝置之能量控制方法，其中該輸出電壓係為正電壓或負電壓。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第4項所述之電感式轉換裝置之能量控制方法，其中該輸出電壓係可為單一電壓輸出或複數個電壓同時輸出。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第5項所述之電感式轉換裝置之能量控制方法，其中該輸出電壓為複數個電壓同時輸出時，係將依據該電流峰值及承受之負載計算該負載充電的先後。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之電感式轉換裝置之能量控制方法，更包括一輸入電壓，該輸入電壓係為提供充電該電感之電流。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第7項所述之電感式轉換裝置之能量控制方法，其中該輸出電壓係將高於該輸入電壓。
  9. 如申請專利範圍第4項所述之電感式轉換裝置之能量控制方法，其中該正輸出電壓誤差值能量與該負輸出電壓誤差值能量總合係等於該能量總值。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之電感式轉換裝置之能量控制方法，其中該電流峰值係為充電電流之上升斜率的最大限制。
  11. 一種電感式能量轉換裝置，包括：一開關電路，至少一電感係與其電性連接，該開關電路將控制該電感之充放電以輸出複數個輸出電壓；一電流感測器，其係與該電感電性連接，且偵測流經該電感之電感電流；一電流峰值產生器，其係與該開關電路電性連接，且接收該輸出電壓之誤差值，產生相對應該誤差值之電流峰值；一比較器組，其係與該電流峰值產生器電性連接，且將該電流峰值與該電感電流及該誤差值比較，產生複數個電壓訊號；以及一控制電路，其係與該比較器組電性連接，且接收該電壓訊號產生複數個控制訊號，藉由該控制訊號控制該開關電路，以控制該電感之充放電。
  12. 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之電感式能量轉換裝置，更包括複數個誤差放大器，其係與該電流峰值產生器電性連接，該輸出電壓之該誤差值將藉由該誤差放大器以一參考電壓為基準予以放大傳入至該電流峰值產生器。
  13. 如申請專利範圍第12項所述之電感式能量轉換裝置，其中該控制電路將依照接收之該電壓訊號產生該參考電壓。
  14. 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之電感式能量轉換裝置，更包括一斜率補償器，其係與該電流感測器電性連接，補償該電感電流變動產生之誤差。
  15. 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之電感式能量轉換裝置，其中該電流 感測器偵測之該電感電流將藉由電阻器轉換成電壓輸入至該比較器組。
  16. 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之電感式能量轉換裝置，其中該開關電路包含複數個電晶體開關，該控制電路產生之該控制訊號係控制該電晶體開關開啟或閉合。
  17. 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之電感式能量轉換裝置，其中該電流峰值產生器係為基於該誤差值動態產生該電流峰值。
TW098135387A 2009-10-20 2009-10-20 電感式轉換裝置及能量控制方法 TWI411212B (zh)

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US12/686,587 US8305054B2 (en) 2009-10-20 2010-01-13 Inductive conversion device and energy control method

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