TWI398863B - Recording medium, and method and apparatus of recording and reproducing data on the same - Google Patents
Recording medium, and method and apparatus of recording and reproducing data on the same Download PDFInfo
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本發明關於記錄媒體，且尤關於記錄媒體以及記錄和重製資料於其上之方法和設備。The present invention relates to recording media, and more particularly to recording media and methods and apparatus for recording and reproducing data thereon.
近來，一種可記錄及儲存高解析度音頻及視頻資料達一段長時間之新型記錄媒體(諸如藍光可覆寫(BD-RE)碟片)預期將被開發出且引進記錄媒體產業和市場。如第1圖所示，BD-RE係分配有一引入區域、一資料區及一引出區域。一內部備用區域(ISA)及一外部備用區域(OSA)係分別分配在資料區前端及後端。BD-RE係以對應於預定記錄單元之叢集(cluster)單元記錄。請參考第1圖，缺陷區域是否存在於資料區中可在記錄該資料期間偵測。當偵測到缺陷區域時，會施行一系列替換記錄操作，諸如在備用區域(如，內部備用區域(ISA))中替換記錄預期將會記錄在缺陷區域內的資料。然後，已偵測到之缺陷區域的位置資訊及已替換記錄之備用區域的位置資訊被記錄且儲存在引入區域中之一缺陷表(DFL)內成為管理資訊。Recently, a new type of recording medium (such as a Blu-ray rewritable (BD-RE) disc) capable of recording and storing high-resolution audio and video data for a long period of time is expected to be developed and introduced to the recording media industry and market. As shown in Fig. 1, the BD-RE system is assigned a lead-in area, a data area, and a lead-out area. An internal spare area (ISA) and an external spare area (OSA) are allocated to the front end and the back end of the data area, respectively. The BD-RE is recorded in a cluster unit corresponding to a predetermined recording unit. Please refer to Figure 1. Whether the defective area exists in the data area can be detected during the recording of the data. When a defective area is detected, a series of alternate recording operations are performed, such as replacing the data in the spare area (e.g., internal spare area (ISA)) that is expected to be recorded in the defective area. Then, the location information of the detected defect area and the location information of the spare area of the replaced record are recorded and stored in a defect list (DFL) in the lead-in area to become management information.
因此，由於將要記錄在缺陷區域的資料係已替換記錄在備用區域中，已替換記錄在該備用區域中的資料會被讀出及重製(而不是缺陷區域的資料)，因而事前防止資料記錄/重製錯誤發生。同時，寫一次藍光光碟(BD-WO)近來已在發展中。然而，因為資料僅能在光碟之整個區域中記錄 一次，不像可重寫光碟，資料無法實際上重寫在寫一次光碟中。然而，在寫一次光碟中，可能會發生需求編輯或部分修改已記錄資料之事例，以及為簡化來自主機或使用者部分的使用，可能需要資料的重寫。因此，急迫地需要一種致使施行此缺陷管理能重寫的有效方法。Therefore, since the data to be recorded in the defective area has been replaced in the spare area, the data recorded in the spare area will be read and reproduced (instead of the data of the defective area), thereby preventing the data recording in advance. /Reproduction error occurred. At the same time, writing a Blu-ray Disc (BD-WO) has recently been under development. However, because the data can only be recorded in the entire area of the disc Once, unlike rewritable discs, data cannot actually be rewritten while writing to a disc. However, in writing a disc, there may be instances where editing or partial modification of the recorded material may occur, and rewriting of the data may be required to simplify the use of the host or user portion. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an effective method for enabling the management of this defect to be rewritten.
因此，本發明係關於記錄媒體以及記錄和重寫資料於其上之方法和設備，其實質上排除由於先前技術之限制及缺點產生的一或多數問題。Accordingly, the present invention is directed to a recording medium and a method and apparatus for recording and rewriting data thereon, which substantially obviate one or more problems due to the limitations and disadvantages of the prior art.
本發明之一目的在於提供用於記錄和重寫該記錄媒體之有效方法。It is an object of the present invention to provide an efficient method for recording and rewriting the recording medium.
本發明另一目的係要提供用於重寫資料在記錄媒體內之方法，以及管理缺陷區域之方法。Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for rewriting data in a recording medium, and a method of managing a defective area.
本發明之進一步目的係要提供允許施行上述各種方法之記錄媒體。A further object of the present invention is to provide a recording medium that allows the various methods described above to be performed.
本發明之額外優勢、目的及特點將部分在以下說明中提出，且部分將使檢視下文之熟習此項技術人士明瞭，或可自本發明之實現中得知。本發明之目的及其他優勢可藉由在書面說明書與其申請專利範圍以及附圖中特別指出的結構而瞭解且獲得。Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description in the appended claims. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention will be realized and attained by the <RTIgt;
為達成此等目的及其他優勢，且依據本發明之目的(如在此所包含及廣泛描述者)，一種記錄資料於一記錄媒體上的方法，包括分別記錄資料於複數個包括在一叢集中之資 料訊框、記錄狀態資訊於該叢集中用於各資料訊框，該狀態資訊指示記錄在各資料訊框中之資料的狀態，以及當已決定該叢集係一替換叢集時記錄先前位置資訊在該叢集內，該先前位置資訊指示一與該替換叢集相關連之原始叢集的先前位置。To achieve these and other advantages, and in accordance with the purpose of the present invention (as included and broadly described herein), a method of recording data on a recording medium includes separately recording data in a plurality of clusters. Capital The frame and the record status information are used in the cluster for each data frame, the status information indicates the status of the data recorded in each data frame, and the previous position information is recorded when the cluster is replaced by a replacement cluster. Within the cluster, the previous location information indicates a previous location of the original cluster associated with the replacement cluster.
在本發明另一方面中，一種重製記錄在記錄媒體上之叢集的方法，該叢集具有複數個資料訊框，該方法包括自該叢集抽取狀態資訊，該狀態資訊指示記錄在各資料訊框中之資料的狀態，以及依據抽取到之狀態資訊重製記錄在各資料訊框中之資料，其中該狀態資訊指示記錄在各資料訊框中之資料表示有效資料、即時資料、填充資料及無效資料中任一者。In another aspect of the invention, a method of reproducing a cluster recorded on a recording medium, the cluster having a plurality of data frames, the method comprising extracting status information from the cluster, the status information indicating recording in each data frame The status of the information in the data, and the information recorded in each data frame based on the extracted status information, wherein the status information indicates that the data recorded in each data frame indicates valid data, real-time data, padding data and invalid Any of the materials.
在本發明另一方面中，一種記錄資料於一包括叢集之記錄媒體上的設備，該叢集具有複數個資料訊框，該設備包括一讀寫單元，其係用於分別記錄資料於資料訊框中；及一微電腦，其係用於控制該讀寫單元以記錄狀態資訊於該叢集中，該狀態資訊指示記錄在各資料訊框中之資料的狀態，其中該微電腦更控制該讀寫單元以當決定該叢集係一替換叢集時，記錄先前位置資訊在該叢集內，該先前位置資訊指示一與該替換叢集相關連之原始叢集的先前位置。In another aspect of the invention, a device for recording data on a recording medium comprising a cluster having a plurality of data frames, the device comprising a read/write unit for separately recording data in the data frame And a microcomputer for controlling the read/write unit to record status information in the cluster, the status information indicating the status of the data recorded in each data frame, wherein the microcomputer further controls the read/write unit When the cluster is determined to be a replacement cluster, the previous location information is recorded in the cluster, the previous location information indicating a previous location of the original cluster associated with the replacement cluster.
在本發明另一方面中，一種重製記錄於記錄媒體上之叢集的設備，該叢集具有複數個資料訊框，該設備包括一讀寫單元，其係用於重製記錄於資料訊框中之資料；及一 微電腦，其係用於控制該讀寫單元以自該叢集中抽取狀態資訊，以及依據抽取到之狀態資訊重製已記錄在各資料訊框中之資料，其中該狀態資訊指示記錄在各資料訊框中之資料表示有效資料、即時資料、填充資料及無效資料中任一者。In another aspect of the invention, a device for reproducing a cluster recorded on a recording medium, the cluster having a plurality of data frames, the device comprising a read/write unit for reproducing the information recorded in the data frame Information; and one a microcomputer for controlling the read/write unit to extract status information from the cluster and to reproduce data recorded in each data frame according to the extracted status information, wherein the status information indication is recorded in each data message. The information in the box indicates any of valid data, instant data, fill data, and invalid data.
在本發明進一步方面中，一種記錄媒體包括複數個叢集，各叢集包括一第一資料區域，其包括複數個資料訊框；一第二資料區域，其包括各資料訊框之狀態資訊，該狀態資訊指示記錄在各資料訊框中之資料的狀態；以及一第三資料區域，其係當各叢集被決定為一替換叢集時包括先前位置資訊，該先前位置資訊指示一與該替換叢集相關連之原始叢集的先前位置。In a further aspect of the present invention, a recording medium includes a plurality of clusters, each cluster including a first data area including a plurality of data frames, and a second data area including status information of each data frame, the state The information indicates the status of the data recorded in each data frame; and a third data area includes the previous location information when the clusters are determined to be a replacement cluster, the previous location information indicating that it is associated with the replacement cluster The previous position of the original cluster.
應瞭解本發明前面一般性描述及以下詳細描述二者係範例性及說明性，且旨於提供本發明所宣稱的進一步解說。The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention,
現將詳細參照本發明較佳具體實施例說明，其實例係顯示在附圖中。已盡可能在全部圖式中使用相同的參考數字以指相同或類似部分。此外，雖然本發明中使用的名詞係自一般已知及已使用之名詞中選出，一些在本發明描述中提到的名詞已由本發明人斟酌選出，其詳細意義已在此說明書之相關部分中描述。再者，本發明不只需要藉由實際使用之名詞，並且需要透過其內在意涵理解。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments embodiments Wherever possible, the same reference numerals are in the Further, although the nouns used in the present invention are selected from the terms generally known and used, some of the nouns mentioned in the description of the present invention have been selected by the present inventors, and the detailed meaning thereof is in the relevant part of the specification. description. Moreover, the present invention not only requires the use of the nouns actually used, but also needs to be understood through its intrinsic meaning.
第2圖顯示依據本發明用於管理寫一次光碟中缺陷的 方法。請參考第2圖，該寫一次高密度光碟係分配有一引入區域、一資料區及一引出區域。此外，該資料區包括一內部備用區域(ISA)、一外部備用區域(OSA)及一使用者資料區域。在此，使用者區域係實際記錄使用者資料之處。同時，引入區域係用於記錄不同管理資訊之區域，用以將資料記錄至/重製自該光碟。再者，該引入區域係設置有一臨時碟片管理區域(TDMA)，其係用於記錄該光碟的缺陷管理資訊及記錄管理資訊之區域。TDMA可分配有在備用區域中的一分離額外TDMA，用於在光碟使用及更新記錄管理資訊時經常可能發生之缺陷。Figure 2 shows the use of the present invention for managing the writing of defects in a disc. method. Referring to FIG. 2, the high-density optical disc system is allocated with a lead-in area, a data area, and a lead-out area. In addition, the data area includes an internal spare area (ISA), an external standby area (OSA), and a user data area. Here, the user area is where the user data is actually recorded. At the same time, the introduction area is used to record areas of different management information for recording/reproducing data to and from the disc. Furthermore, the lead-in area is provided with a Temporary Disc Management Area (TDMA) for recording defect management information of the optical disc and an area for recording management information. The TDMA can be assigned a separate extra TDMA in the spare area for defects that can often occur when the disc is used and updated to record management information.
當將資料記錄至或重製自具有上述結構之寫一次光碟上時，可能會偵測到缺陷區域。在此，缺陷區域亦包括目前非缺陷區域但在不久將來可能變得有缺陷的區域。缺陷區域可能由於光碟表面上的污染或刮痕而發生。而且，當此一缺陷區域發生時，將要記錄或已記錄在資料區域之資料係替換記錄在備用區域上。在替換記錄資料於備用區域上後，該缺陷區域及替換區域的位置資訊係記錄在TDMA中成為一缺陷表(DFL)項目。因此，當在後續過程中重製已記錄資料時，一用於重製該光碟之設備會參考DFL項目資訊，以重製記錄在替換區域而非缺陷區域內的資料，從而確保資料的保全及可靠性。Defective areas may be detected when data is recorded to or reproduced from a write-once disc having the above structure. Here, the defective area also includes an area that is currently non-defective but may become defective in the near future. Defective areas may occur due to contamination or scratches on the surface of the disc. Moreover, when such a defective area occurs, the data to be recorded or recorded in the data area is replaced on the spare area. After the replacement of the recorded data on the spare area, the location information of the defective area and the replacement area is recorded as a defect table (DFL) item in the TDMA. Therefore, when the recorded data is re-processed in the subsequent process, a device for reproducing the optical disc will refer to the DFL project information to reproduce the data recorded in the replacement area instead of the defective area, thereby ensuring the preservation of the data and reliability.
如在用於管理寫一次光碟中缺陷的方法所述，當在一資料已記錄區域上重寫資料時，預期將記錄在已記錄區域中之資料係替換記錄在使用者資料區域或備用區域內一可 記錄區域上。第3圖顯示在依據本發明之寫一次光碟中邏輯重寫之方法。參考第3圖，在該寫一次光碟中，依據由主機或應用程式所作之要求，可搜尋一組欲記錄在使用者資料區域內之新資料，在其中資料係已記錄。然而，由於寫一次光碟的特徵，無法在光碟內一預錄區域上施行資料之實體重寫。As described in the method for managing a defect in a write-once disc, when rewriting data on a recorded area of a material, it is expected that the data recorded in the recorded area is replaced in the user data area or the spare area. One can On the recording area. Figure 3 shows a method of logical overwriting in a write-once optical disc in accordance with the present invention. Referring to Fig. 3, in the write once disc, according to the request made by the host or the application, a new set of data to be recorded in the user data area can be searched, and the data is recorded. However, due to the feature of writing a disc, it is impossible to perform physical rewriting of data on a pre-recorded area in the disc.
因此在此情況下，將使用一種用於替換記錄係預期將要記錄在使用者資料區域或備用區域上之預錄區域中的資料之方法。更明確言之，與記錄資料於實體上無法重寫之預錄區域上不同，資料可替換記錄於一次一可記錄使用者資料區域或一備用區域上。此方法將稱為邏輯重寫(LOW)，以與可重寫光碟之實體重寫區別。在施行替換記錄後，替換記錄位置被記錄在TDMA中成為一項目資訊。因此，當後續過程中重製該資料時，會參考記錄在TDMA中的項目資訊，以重製替換記錄資料。在此，其中邏輯重寫區域以及替換區域的位置資訊係稱作一LOW項目。Therefore, in this case, a method for replacing the data that is expected to be recorded in the pre-recorded area on the user data area or the spare area will be used. More specifically, unlike the pre-recorded area in which the recorded data cannot be rewritten physically, the data can be alternately recorded in a recordable user data area or a spare area. This method will be referred to as logical overwrite (LOW) to distinguish it from entity rewriting of rewritable discs. After the replacement record is executed, the replacement record position is recorded in the TDMA to become a project information. Therefore, when the data is re-processed in the subsequent process, the project information recorded in the TDMA is referred to to replace the recorded data. Here, the position information of the logical rewrite area and the replacement area is referred to as a LOW item.
當如上述施行邏輯重寫或缺陷管理時，對應位置資訊係記錄為一項目。然而，除此方法外，與資料記錄相關的資訊亦可能以扇區單位記錄於各叢集中。在此，資料係記錄於各叢集中。此方法將會參考第4圖詳盡描述。When logical rewriting or defect management is performed as described above, the corresponding location information is recorded as an item. However, in addition to this method, information related to data records may also be recorded in clusters in sector units. Here, the data is recorded in each cluster. This method will be described in detail with reference to Figure 4.
第4圖顯示依據本發明之寫一次光碟的主要欄位。請參考第4圖，為有助於將資料記錄上/重製自光碟，一位址欄位(AF)係包括在存在於光碟之各叢集內。位址欄位(AF)將各叢集分成16個位址單元。各位址包括複數之位址單元。 各位址單元皆具有1位元組大小，且一位址欄位係記錄在9個位址單元大小(即，9位元組)中。各位址欄位係分成一用於記錄具有4位元組大小的位址單元號碼的區域(AF0,S 到AF3,S )；一用於旗標位元之區域(AF4,S )；及一用於奇偶性位元之區域(AF5,S 到AF8,S )。用於記錄位址單元號碼的區域具有4位元組大小，且用於旗標位元之區域具有1位元組大小。用於奇偶位元的區域(其係用於校正錯誤)具有4位元組大小。在此，當對應區域是替換區域時，旗標位元區域(AF4,S )包括叢集內各資料訊框的狀態，且亦包括先前記錄區域的位址資訊。此將參考第5A及5B圖詳盡描述。在此，一叢集由32訊框組成(在此，一訊框係與一扇區相同)。Figure 4 shows the main fields for writing a disc in accordance with the present invention. Please refer to Figure 4. To help record/reproduce data from the disc, an address field (AF) is included in each cluster that exists on the disc. The Address Field (AF) divides each cluster into 16 address units. Each address includes a plurality of address units. Each address unit has a 1-byte size, and the address field is recorded in 9 address unit sizes (ie, 9-bit). The address field is divided into an area (AF 0, S to AF 3, S ) for recording the address unit number having a 4-byte size; an area for the flag bit (AF 4, S ) ; and an area for the parity bit (AF 5, S to AF 8, S ). The area for recording the address unit number has a 4-byte size, and the area for the flag bit has a 1-byte size. The area for the parity bit, which is used to correct the error, has a 4-byte size. Here, when the corresponding area is a replacement area, the flag bit area (AF 4, S ) includes the status of each data frame in the cluster, and also includes the address information of the previously recorded area. This will be described in detail with reference to Figures 5A and 5B. Here, a cluster consists of 32 frames (here, a frame is the same as a sector).
第5A及5B圖說明用於依據本發明記錄一旗標位元及狀態資訊之方法。第5A圖說明旗標位元AF4,S 的結構。請參考第5圖，一AF4,S 係由8位元構成。在此，位元b7 至b4 是其中記錄對應訊框之狀態的區域。若位元b1 及且b0 是替換叢集，此等位元係用作其中記錄先前記錄區域之位址的區域。更明確言之，在由從AF4,0 到AF4,15 之區域組成的旗標位元區域中，其中記錄先前記錄區域之位址的位元係從a31 到a0 。先前記錄區域的第一實體扇區號碼(PSN)係記錄在上述位元中。在此，若對應叢集不是替換區域，位元係記錄為0位元。此外，在旗標位元區域AF4,0 到AF4,15 中，其中記錄對應訊框之狀態的狀態位元在由AF4,0 到AF4,15 組成之旗標位元區域中及在旗標位元區域中其係由Sa0,1 到Sa31,1 及Sa0,0 至Sa31,0 組成。在此，各Sai,1 及Sai,0 形成2位元的一對， 以表示在全部32訊框中之對應訊框的狀態資訊。例如，Sa0,1 及Sa0,0 對指示該對應叢集之第0訊框的狀態資訊，且Sa31,1 及Sa31,0 對指示該對應叢集之第31訊框的狀態資訊。Figures 5A and 5B illustrate a method for recording a flag bit and status information in accordance with the present invention. Figure 5A illustrates the structure of the flag bit AF 4,S . Please refer to Figure 5, an AF 4, S system consisting of 8 bits. Here, the bits b 7 to b 4 are areas in which the state of the corresponding frame is recorded. If the bits b 1 and b 0 are replacement clusters, these bits are used as the area in which the address of the previously recorded area is recorded. More specifically, in the flag bit area composed of the areas from AF 4,0 to AF 4,15, the bit in which the address of the previously recorded area is recorded is from a 31 to a 0 . The first physical sector number (PSN) of the previously recorded area is recorded in the above-mentioned bit. Here, if the corresponding cluster is not a replacement area, the bit system is recorded as 0 bits. In addition, in the flag bit area AF 4,0 to AF 4,15 , the status bit in which the state of the corresponding frame is recorded is in the flag bit area composed of AF 4,0 to AF 4,15 and It is composed of Sa 0,1 to Sa 31,1 and Sa 0,0 to Sa 31,0 in the flag bit region. Here, each of Sa i,1 and Sa i,0 forms a pair of two bits to indicate the status information of the corresponding frame in all 32 frames. For example, the Sa 0,1 and Sa 0,0 pairs indicate the status information of the 0th frame of the corresponding cluster, and the Sa 31,1 and Sa 31,0 pairs indicate the status information of the 31st frame of the corresponding cluster.
第5B圖說明此狀態資訊。而且，將參考第5B圖詳盡描述用於記錄該狀態資訊的方法。請參考第5B圖，當狀態位元Sai,1 及Sai,0 是00b時，此指示對應訊框是原始資料。此時，不論是否已記錄先前記錄區域的位址均不予考慮。此係因為若打算記錄在有缺陷區域中的資料係依據管理缺陷的方法替換記錄時，記錄在替換區域中的資料可能是原始資料。Figure 5B illustrates this status information. Moreover, the method for recording the status information will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 5B. Please refer to FIG. 5B. When the status bits Sa i,1 and Sa i,0 are 00b, the indication corresponding frame is the original data. At this time, the address of the previously recorded area is not considered regardless of whether or not the address has been recorded. This is because if the data to be recorded in the defective area is replaced by the method of managing the defect, the data recorded in the replacement area may be the original material.
當狀態位元是01b時，資料可為對應訊框之更新版，當狀態位元是01b，且其中先前記錄區域的位址之位元不是0b(即，當先前記錄區域的位址被記錄時)。邏輯重寫在此情況被列入考慮。換句話說，在邏輯重寫中，一組不同於先前記錄資料的資料被替換記錄。因此，為區分該資料及用於缺陷管理所施行的替換記錄原始資料，該資料係指示為更新資料。When the status bit is 01b, the data may be an updated version of the corresponding frame, when the status bit is 01b, and the bit of the address of the previously recorded area is not 0b (ie, when the address of the previously recorded area is recorded) Time). Logical rewriting is considered in this case. In other words, in logical rewriting, a set of data different from the previously recorded material is replaced. Therefore, in order to distinguish between the material and the replacement record original data for defect management, the data is indicated as an update.
或者是，當狀態位元是01b時，且當其中先前已記錄區域之位址的位元是0b時，對應叢集未替換記錄，且對應訊框的狀態是即時資料(也稱作「流動資料」)。此係要區分該資料及一般非即時資料。當該資料是即時資料時，通常未施行替換記錄，以提供資料的無縫記錄或重製。同時，當狀態位元是10b時，此指示該對應訊框是無意義的填充資料。而且，當狀態位元是11b時，此指示該對應訊框係無效 資料。如上述，藉由記錄在該叢集內資料訊框的狀態上以及先前已記錄區域之位址，當對應區域是替換區域時，原始資料或更新資料能易於識別及搜尋，即使當DFL項目或LOW項目缺乏或未知。將參考附圖提供範例。Or, when the status bit is 01b, and when the bit of the address of the previously recorded area is 0b, the corresponding cluster does not replace the record, and the status of the corresponding frame is real-time data (also called "mobile data" "). This department is to distinguish between this information and general non-real-time information. When the material is real-time, no replacement records are usually implemented to provide seamless recording or reproduction of the material. Meanwhile, when the status bit is 10b, this indicates that the corresponding frame is meaningless padding data. Moreover, when the status bit is 11b, this indicates that the corresponding frame is invalid. data. As described above, by recording the status of the data frame in the cluster and the address of the previously recorded area, when the corresponding area is the replacement area, the original data or the updated data can be easily identified and searched, even when the DFL item or LOW The project is lacking or unknown. An example will be provided with reference to the drawings.
第6A至6D圖說明依據本發明一具體實施例用以記錄資料於寫一次光碟上的方法。參考第6A圖，當用於資料A1之記錄(或寫入)命令係發送至其中已記錄資料A0的區域時，依據來自應用程式或主機之要求，資料A1是替換記錄在次一可記錄區域中。然後，其位置資訊係記錄在TDMA中作為一LOW項目。此時，資料係記錄在叢集單元中。在此，第6A圖顯示各具有一叢集大小且係非即時資料的資料A1及資料A0之一範例。在此情況下，因為資料A0是原始資料，00b位元係記錄為包括在其中記錄資料A0之叢集內的旗標位元中之狀態位元。在此，如上述，00b表示該資料係原始資料。6A through 6D illustrate a method for recording data on a write-once optical disc in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 6A, when the record (or write) command for the material A1 is sent to the area in which the material A0 has been recorded, the data A1 is replaced in the next recordable area according to the request from the application or the host. in. Then, its location information is recorded in the TDMA as a LOW item. At this time, the data is recorded in the cluster unit. Here, FIG. 6A shows an example of the data A1 and the data A0 each having a cluster size and being non-instant data. In this case, since the material A0 is the original material, the 00b bit is recorded as the status bit included in the flag bit in the cluster in which the data A0 is recorded. Here, as described above, 00b indicates that the material is the original material.
此外，其中記錄資料A1之叢集係一替換區域。因此，資料A0之先前記錄區域的第一PSN係記錄在旗標位元中。當包括先前記錄區域的位址且當一新資料A1被更新時，狀態位元係記錄為01b。因為係假設資料A1具有一叢集大小，指示該叢集內所有32訊框狀態的位元係全記錄為01b。Further, the cluster in which the material A1 is recorded is a replacement area. Therefore, the first PSN of the previously recorded area of the material A0 is recorded in the flag bit. When the address of the previously recorded area is included and when a new material A1 is updated, the status bit is recorded as 01b. Because it is assumed that the material A1 has a cluster size, the bit system indicating that all 32 frame states in the cluster are all recorded as 01b.
或者是，用於資料A2的記錄(或寫入)命令可依據來自應用程式或主機發送到其中已施行邏輯重寫的光碟上，如第6B圖中顯示。在此範例中，資料A2大小比一叢集小，且記錄命令係針對其中記錄資料A0的叢集之一部分區域發 送。參考第6B圖，當用於資料A2的記錄命令係針對其中記錄資料A0的區域之一部分發送時，其中記錄資料A0的區域係識別為記錄資料A1的區域。因此，一部分資料A1及資料A2是替換記錄在次一可記錄區域上，且其位置資訊係記錄為LOW項目。Alternatively, the record (or write) command for data A2 may be sent to the disc from which the logic rewrite has been performed from the application or host, as shown in Figure 6B. In this example, the size of the data A2 is smaller than that of a cluster, and the recording command is for a part of the cluster in which the data A0 is recorded. give away. Referring to Fig. 6B, when the recording command for the material A2 is transmitted for one of the areas in which the material A0 is recorded, the area in which the material A0 is recorded is identified as the area in which the material A1 is recorded. Therefore, a part of the data A1 and the data A2 are replaced on the next recordable area, and the position information is recorded as the LOW item.
如上述，資料係記錄在叢集單元中。因此，由於資料A2比一叢集單元小，其本身無法替換記錄。在此情況下，其中記錄資料A1之叢集的第一PSN，係記錄在其中已記錄資料A1的部分及資料A2之叢集的旗標位元中。同時，位元00b係記錄為其中記錄一部分資料A1之訊框的狀態位元。在此，00b表示資料是原始資料。此外，因為該狀態位元包括先前記錄區域的位址且已更新，位元01b係記錄為其中資料A2被替換記錄之訊框的狀態位元。同時，在此情況下，因為在第6A圖中已施行的LOW項目由於資料A2的替換記錄而成為一組無意義之資訊，第6A圖的已記錄LOW項目係從該項目中刪除。As mentioned above, the data is recorded in the cluster unit. Therefore, since the material A2 is smaller than a cluster unit, it cannot replace the record itself. In this case, the first PSN in which the cluster of the record A1 is recorded is recorded in the flag bit in which the portion of the material A1 has been recorded and the cluster of the material A2. At the same time, the bit 00b is recorded as the status bit of the frame in which a part of the data A1 is recorded. Here, 00b indicates that the material is the original material. In addition, since the status bit includes the address of the previously recorded area and has been updated, the bit 01b is recorded as the status bit of the frame in which the material A2 is replaced. Meanwhile, in this case, since the LOW item which has been executed in Fig. 6A becomes a set of meaningless information due to the replacement record of the material A2, the recorded LOW item of Fig. 6A is deleted from the item.
因此，在其中已施行邏輯重寫之光碟中，缺陷可能發生在部分資料A1及資料A2係替換記錄之叢集中。此將參考第6C圖詳盡描述。參考第6C圖，當缺陷發生在部分資料A1及資料A2係替換記錄之叢集中時，資料A1之部分及資料A2係再次替換記錄在備用區域中，且其位置資訊係記錄為DFL項目。此時，資料A1及資料A2的已替換記錄部分係識別為記錄在其中原始記錄資料A0之區域中的資料。因此，資料A0區域的位置資訊及替換記錄備用區域的位置資訊 被記錄為DFL項目的位置資訊。因此，二先前記錄LOW項目資訊成為無意義資訊，且因此從項目中刪除。先前替換記錄區域的第一PSN係記錄在其中已替換記錄部分資料A1及資料A2的備用區域之叢集內的旗標位元中。Therefore, in a disc in which logical rewriting has been performed, a defect may occur in a cluster of partial data A1 and data A2 replacement records. This will be described in detail with reference to Figure 6C. Referring to Fig. 6C, when the defect occurs in the cluster of partial data A1 and data A2 replacement records, the part of the data A1 and the data A2 are replaced again in the spare area, and the position information is recorded as a DFL item. At this time, the replaced record portion of the material A1 and the data A2 is identified as the data recorded in the area of the original recorded data A0. Therefore, the location information of the data A0 area and the location information of the replacement recording spare area Recorded as location information for DFL projects. Therefore, the second previously recorded LOW item information becomes meaningless information and is therefore deleted from the item. The first PSN of the previously replaced recording area is recorded in the flag bit within the cluster in which the spare portion of the recorded portion data A1 and the data A2 has been replaced.
再者，因為原始資料係替換記錄為缺陷管理的構件，位元00b係記錄為狀態位元，其指示其中已替換記錄部分資料A1及資料A2的備用區域之叢集的狀態。在此，位元00b指示該資料是原始資料，不管該資料是否包括先前記錄區域的位址。Furthermore, since the original data is replaced with a component recorded as defect management, bit 00b is recorded as a status bit indicating the state of the cluster in which the spare portion of the recorded portion data A1 and the data A2 has been replaced. Here, bit 00b indicates that the material is the original material, regardless of whether the material includes the address of the previously recorded area.
第6D圖之範例顯示新資料A3被替換記錄在一已被識別具有資料A2記錄在其中的區域。參考第6D圖，當用於資料A3之記錄(或寫入)命令，依據來自應用程式或主機之要求被發送至經識別具有資料A2記錄於其中的資料A0區域之部分時，資料A1和資料A3係替換記錄在備用區域中，且其位置資訊係記錄為LOW項目。在邏輯重寫之情況下，資料的替換記錄可在使用者區域的次一可記錄區域或備用區域中施行。因此，第6D圖顯示在該備用區域中施行邏輯重寫之範例。The example of Fig. 6D shows that the new material A3 is replaced in an area that has been identified with the data A2 recorded therein. Referring to FIG. 6D, when the record (or write) command for the material A3 is sent to the portion of the A0 area of the data identified by the data A2 in accordance with the request from the application or the host, the data A1 and the data The A3 system is recorded in the spare area and its location information is recorded as a LOW item. In the case of a logical rewrite, the replacement record of the material can be performed in the next recordable area or spare area of the user area. Thus, Figure 6D shows an example of performing a logical rewrite in the spare area.
當邏輯重寫之資料的替換記錄係在備用區域施行時，先前記錄資料的第一PSN係記錄在其中部分資料A1及資料A3係替換記錄的叢集之旗標位元中。同時，指示該資料係原始資料之位元00b係記錄為其中記錄資料A1部分之訊框的狀態位元。此外，因為狀態位元包括先前記錄區域的位址且已更新，位元01b係記錄為其中資料A3被替換記錄之 訊框的狀態位元。如上述，藉由記錄先前記錄區域之位址及替換記錄資料的狀態，即使LOW項目或DFL項目未知時，亦可知道其中記錄原始資料之區域及其狀態資訊。此亦意味著無須分別界定LOW項目及DFL項目。再者，資料可更穩定地管理。When the replacement record of the logically overwritten data is performed in the spare area, the first PSN of the previously recorded data is recorded in the flag bit of the cluster in which the partial data A1 and the data A3 are replaced. At the same time, the bit 00b indicating that the data is the original data is recorded as the status bit of the frame in which the data A1 portion is recorded. In addition, since the status bit includes the address of the previously recorded area and has been updated, the bit 01b is recorded as where the data A3 is replaced. The status bit of the frame. As described above, by recording the address of the previously recorded area and replacing the status of the recorded data, even if the LOW item or the DFL item is unknown, the area in which the original data is recorded and its status information can be known. This also means that there is no need to separately define the LOW project and the DFL project. Furthermore, the data can be managed more stably.
第7A與7B圖顯示依據本發明另一具體實施例用以記錄一資料訊框狀態位元之方法。參考第7A圖，當指示一資料訊框之狀態的狀態位元是00b時，此指示資料是一般資料，不管該資料是否包括先前記錄資料區域的位址。狀態位元01b指示該資料是即時資料，10b指示該資料是填充資料，且11b指示該資料是無效資料。更明確言之，資料訊框的狀態位元不會區分該資料是原始資料或更新資料。而是該狀態位元僅指示該資料是一般資料或即時資料。因此，在包括先前記錄資料區域之位址的位元中，該等位元中之一係用以識別該資料是原始資料或更新資料。此將參考第7B圖將更詳細描述。Figures 7A and 7B show a method for recording a data frame status bit in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 7A, when the status bit indicating the status of a data frame is 00b, the indication data is general data, regardless of whether the data includes the address of the previously recorded data area. Status bit 01b indicates that the material is real-time data, 10b indicates that the data is padding data, and 11b indicates that the data is invalid. More specifically, the status bit of the data frame does not distinguish whether the data is original or updated. Rather, the status bit only indicates whether the material is general or real-time. Therefore, one of the bits in the bit including the address of the previously recorded data area is used to identify that the material is original or updated. This will be described in more detail with reference to Figure 7B.
參考第7B圖，更明確言之，在上述旗標位元中，在包括先前記錄區域之位址的32位元中，該等位元中之一係分配用以區別原始資料及更新資料。當該位元是「0」時，對應叢集表示原始資料，且當位元是「1」時，對應叢集表示更新資料。此時，因為分配用於區別原始資料及更新資料之位元，係具有先前記錄區域位址記錄於其中的位元中之一，該位元藉由叢集單元指示該資料是原始資料或更新資料。此將參考第8圖更詳細描述。Referring to FIG. 7B, more specifically, among the above-mentioned flag bits, among the 32-bit elements including the address of the previously recorded area, one of the bits is allocated to distinguish the original data from the updated data. When the bit is "0", the corresponding cluster represents the original data, and when the bit is "1", the corresponding cluster represents the updated data. At this time, since the bit for distinguishing the original data and the updated data is allocated, one of the bits in which the previously recorded area address is recorded, the bit indicates by the cluster unit that the data is original data or updated data. . This will be described in more detail with reference to Figure 8.
第8圖顯示依據本發明另一具體實施例用以記錄資料在寫一次光碟上之方法。參考第8圖，當用於記錄(或寫入)資料A1於該區域(其中已記錄資料A0)上之命令係首先發送時，資料A1是替換記錄在次一可記錄區域中，其接著係記錄為一LOW項目。此時，其中記錄資料A0之第一實體扇區號碼(PSN)的區域，係記錄在具有記錄於其內之先前記錄區域的位址之區域中。此外，一位元係分配且記錄在具有記錄於其內之資料A0的區域中，以指示邏輯重寫資料A1係一更新資料。Figure 8 is a diagram showing a method for recording data on a write-once disc in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Fig. 8, when the command for recording (or writing) the material A1 on the area (where the data A0 has been recorded) is first transmitted, the material A1 is the replacement record in the next recordable area, and the subsequent system Record as a LOW item. At this time, the area in which the first physical sector number (PSN) of the material A0 is recorded is recorded in the area having the address of the previous recording area recorded therein. In addition, a meta-system is assigned and recorded in the area having the material A0 recorded therein to indicate that the logically overwritten material A1 is an updated material.
當用於記錄資料A2(其小於一叢集單元)於業經識別具有資料A1記錄於其內之區域上的命令被發送時，資料A1之一部分及資料A2係替換記錄在次一可記錄區域中。已替換記錄的資料係接著記錄在TDMA中作為LOW項目，且先前記錄的LOW項目被刪除。在此，具有資料A1記錄於其中之區域的第一PSN，和指示已記錄資料係更新資料之1位元，係記錄在具有記錄於其內的替換區域之前方區域位址的區域中。之後，若具有資料A1之部分及資料A2記錄於其內的該區域被偵測出為有缺陷區域時，對應資料係替換記錄在備用區域上，且對應位置資訊係記錄在TDMA中成為DFL項目。在此，0位元及有缺陷區域的第一PSN係記錄在包括該區域(其中資料A1的部分及資料A2係替換記錄)前方的已記錄區域之位址的位元中。在此，「0位元」指示資料係原始資料。When a command for recording data A2 (which is smaller than a cluster unit) that has been identified to have an area in which the material A1 is recorded is transmitted, a portion of the material A1 and the material A2 are replaced in the next recordable area. The data of the replaced record is then recorded in the TDMA as the LOW item, and the previously recorded LOW item is deleted. Here, the first PSN having the area in which the material A1 is recorded, and the 1-bit indicating the updated data of the recorded data are recorded in the area having the address of the previous area of the replacement area recorded therein. Thereafter, if the part having the data A1 and the area recorded in the data A2 are detected as defective areas, the corresponding data is replaced in the spare area, and the corresponding position information is recorded in the TDMA as the DFL item. . Here, the 0-bit and the first PSN of the defective area are recorded in the bit of the address of the recorded area including the area (where the part of the material A1 and the data A2 is the replacement record). Here, "0 bit" indicates that the data is the original data.
第9圖顯示依據本發明之光學記錄及/或重製設備的方 塊圖。請參考第9圖，光學記錄及/或重製設備包括一用於在該光碟上施行記錄/重製之記錄/重製裝置10，及一用於控制記錄/重製裝置10之主機或控制器20。在具有上述結構之光學記錄及/或重製設備中，主機20提供寫入或重製命令至記錄/重製裝置10，以寫至/重製自該光碟的一特定區域，且記錄/重製裝置10施行記錄/重製，以回應來自主機20之命令。記錄/重製裝置10包括一介面單元12，其係用於施行與主機20之通信(諸如交換資料及命令)；一讀寫單元11，其係用於直接將資料寫至/讀自光碟；一資料處理器13，其係用於自讀寫單元11接收信號，且回復成需求信號值，或調變將要寫入之信號成為可寫在光碟上之信號且轉遞之；一伺服單元14，其係用於控制讀寫單元11，以自光碟準確地讀取信號，或將信號準確地寫在光碟上；一記憶體15，其係用於臨時儲存各種包括管理資訊及資料之資訊；及一微電腦16，其係用於控制記錄/重製裝置10之各部分。Figure 9 shows the side of the optical recording and / or remaking apparatus according to the present invention. Block diagram. Referring to FIG. 9, the optical recording and/or reproducing apparatus includes a recording/reproducing apparatus 10 for performing recording/reproduction on the optical disc, and a host or control for controlling the recording/reproducing apparatus 10. 20. In the optical recording and/or reproducing apparatus having the above structure, the host 20 provides a writing or reproducing command to the recording/reproducing apparatus 10 to write/reproduce to a specific area of the optical disc, and record/weight The device 10 performs recording/reproduction in response to commands from the host 20. The recording/reproducing apparatus 10 includes an interface unit 12 for performing communication with the host 20 (such as exchanging data and commands), and a reading and writing unit 11 for directly writing/reading data to and from the optical disc; a data processor 13 for receiving signals from the read/write unit 11 and returning to a demand signal value, or modulating the signal to be written into a signal writable on the optical disc and transferring it; a servo unit 14 It is used to control the reading and writing unit 11 to accurately read signals from the optical disc or to accurately write the signals on the optical disc; a memory 15 for temporarily storing various information including management information and materials; And a microcomputer 16, which is used to control various parts of the recording/reproducing apparatus 10.
現將說明在光學記錄及/或重製設備中，用於記錄資料於寫一次光碟之過程步驟和方法。當寫一次光碟被***光學記錄及/或重製設備中時，所有管理資訊係從光碟中讀出且儲存在記錄/重製裝置10之記憶體15中，用於在光碟之記錄/重製時使用。在此，若使用者需求寫在光碟之特別區域上時，主機20(其認為使用者之此需求為寫入命令)提供在一需求寫入位置上之資訊，連同一組將要被寫入之資料給記錄/重製裝置10。The process steps and methods for recording data for writing a disc in an optical recording and/or reproducing apparatus will now be described. When a write-once optical disc is inserted into the optical recording and/or reproducing apparatus, all management information is read from the optical disc and stored in the memory 15 of the recording/reproducing apparatus 10 for recording/reproduction in the optical disc. When used. Here, if the user needs to write on a special area of the optical disc, the host 20 (which considers the user's demand as a write command) provides information on a required write position, together with a set to be written. The data is given to the recording/reproducing device 10.
在接收到記錄命令後，包括在記錄/重製裝置10中之微電腦16被控制，以依據該記錄命令在光碟上施行資料之記錄。當在資料的記錄期間需要缺陷管理或重寫時，欲記錄在缺陷區域或重寫區域上的資料係替換記錄在次一可記錄區域上或備用區域上。然後，對應位置資訊係記錄在TDMA內成為LOW項目及DFL項目中之一。After receiving the recording command, the microcomputer 16 included in the recording/reproducing apparatus 10 is controlled to perform recording of the material on the optical disc in accordance with the recording command. When defect management or rewriting is required during recording of a material, the data replacement to be recorded on the defective area or the rewritten area is recorded on the next recordable area or on the spare area. Then, the corresponding location information is recorded in the TDMA as one of the LOW project and the DFL project.
資料的狀態係記錄在替換區域之訊框單元中，在替換區域的位址單元(AU)之旗標位元內的狀態位元中。而且，先前記錄區域的第一PSN係記錄在具有記錄於其中之先前記錄區域位址的區域中。取決於本發明的不同具體實施例，具有記錄於其中之先前記錄區域位址的區域的該等位元中之一，係用於區別該替換記錄資料是原始資料或更新資料。為如此進行，包括在記錄/重製裝置10中之微電腦16發送替換區域的位置資訊及資料到伺服單元14及資料處理器13。之後，微電腦16允許透過讀寫單元11在光碟之需求位置完成資料的記錄或替換記錄。The status of the data is recorded in the frame unit of the replacement area, in the status bit within the flag bit of the address unit (AU) of the replacement area. Moreover, the first PSN of the previously recorded area is recorded in the area having the address of the previous recording area recorded therein. Depending on the different embodiments of the present invention, one of the bits having the area of the previous recorded area address recorded therein is used to distinguish whether the replacement record material is the original material or the updated material. To do so, the microcomputer 16 included in the recording/reproducing apparatus 10 transmits the position information and the data of the replacement area to the servo unit 14 and the material processor 13. Thereafter, the microcomputer 16 allows the recording or replacement of the data to be completed at the desired position of the optical disk through the reading and writing unit 11.
現將說明用於重製上述寫一次光碟的方法。當資料已記錄之寫一次光碟係首先***記錄及/或重製設備中時，所有記錄在碟片中之管理資訊被讀出且儲存在記錄/重製裝置10之記憶體15中。此等管理資訊接著係後續在將資料記錄至/重製自光碟時使用。之後，當使用者希望重製該光碟之一特定區域時，主機20基於使用者之要求產生一重製(或讀取)命令，且發送需求區域之位置資訊給記錄/重製裝置10。在接收到重製命令時，包括在記錄/重製裝置10中之微 電腦16接收到重製命令，微電腦16決定主機20希望重製之光碟的區域是否已替換記錄在資料區域的另一區域上。如上述，此可藉由記錄在TDMA內之LOW和DFL項目而驗證。再者，必須之資訊可藉由使用記錄在替換區域之位址單元內的旗標位元中之狀態位元，或具有先前記錄區域之位址的位元來驗證。因此，當主機20欲重製之區域尚未替換記錄時，微電腦16重製對應區域且將已重製區域的資訊發送給主機20。或者是，若該區域已替換記錄在另一區域時，微電腦16參考LOW或DFL項目資訊及在位址單元內的旗標位元，以重製替換記錄區域，且將對應資訊發送給主機20。A method for reproducing the above-described write once disc will now be described. When the data has been recorded and the optical disc is first inserted into the recording and/or reproducing apparatus, all management information recorded in the disc is read out and stored in the memory 15 of the recording/reproducing apparatus 10. This management information is then used later in the recording/reproduction of the data from the disc. Thereafter, when the user wishes to reproduce a specific area of the optical disc, the host 20 generates a reproduce (or read) command based on the user's request, and transmits the location information of the demand area to the recording/reproducing apparatus 10. When the remake command is received, it is included in the recording/reproducing device 10 The computer 16 receives the remake command, and the microcomputer 16 determines whether the area of the disc that the host 20 wishes to reproduce has been replaced on another area of the data area. As described above, this can be verified by recording the LOW and DFL items within the TDMA. Furthermore, the necessary information can be verified by using status bits in the flag bit recorded in the address unit of the replacement area, or bits having the address of the previously recorded area. Therefore, when the area to be reproduced by the host 20 has not been replaced, the microcomputer 16 reproduces the corresponding area and transmits the information of the already-reproduced area to the host 20. Alternatively, if the area has been replaced and recorded in another area, the microcomputer 16 refers to the LOW or DFL item information and the flag bit in the address unit to replace the recording area with the remake, and sends the corresponding information to the host 20 .
如上述，記錄媒體、以及記錄和重製資料於其上之方法和設備具有以下優勢。藉由驗證已記錄資料的狀態及先前記錄區域的位址，該資料可更穩定及安全地管理，且用於記錄至及/或重製自該記錄媒體的效率能提升。As described above, the recording medium, and the method and apparatus for recording and reproducing the data thereon have the following advantages. By verifying the status of the recorded data and the address of the previously recorded area, the data can be managed more stably and securely, and the efficiency for recording to and/or from the recording medium can be improved.
熟習此項技術人士應能在不脫離本發明之精神及範疇，進行本發明之各種修改與變化。因此，本發明預期涵蓋落入隨附申請專利範圍及其等同者之精神與範疇中的本發明之修改與變化。It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, it is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of the invention
10‧‧‧記錄/重製裝置10‧‧‧Recording/Remanufacturing
11‧‧‧讀寫單元11‧‧‧Reading unit
12‧‧‧介面單元12‧‧‧Interface unit
13‧‧‧資料處理器13‧‧‧ Data Processor
14‧‧‧伺服單元14‧‧‧Servo unit
15‧‧‧記憶體15‧‧‧ memory
16‧‧‧微電腦16‧‧‧Microcomputer
20‧‧‧主機/控制器20‧‧‧Host/Controller
本文所包括之附圖係提供對本發明之進一步瞭解，且係併入且構成此申請案的一部分，本發明的示範性具體實施例連同說明書係用以解釋本發明的原理。在圖式中：第1圖顯示用於管理一般可重寫光碟中之缺陷的方 法；第2圖顯示依據本發明用於管理寫一次光碟中之缺陷的方法；第3圖顯示依據本發明在寫一次光碟中邏輯重寫之方法；第4圖顯示依據本發明之寫一次光碟的主要欄位；第5A及5B圖顯示依據本發明用於記錄一旗標位元及狀態資訊之方法；第6A至6D圖顯示依據本發明一具體實施例用以記錄資料於寫一次光碟上的方法；第7A及7B圖顯示依據本發明另一具體實施例用以記錄資料訊框狀態位元的方法；第8圖顯示依據本發明其他具體實施例用以記錄資料於寫一次光碟上的方法；及第9圖顯示依據本發明之光學記錄和重製設備的方塊圖。The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and are in the In the drawing: Figure 1 shows the party used to manage defects in a general rewritable disc. Method 2 shows a method for managing a defect in a write-once optical disc according to the present invention; FIG. 3 shows a method of logically overwriting a write-once disc in accordance with the present invention; and FIG. 4 shows a write-once disc in accordance with the present invention. The main fields; 5A and 5B show a method for recording a flag bit and status information according to the present invention; and FIGS. 6A to 6D show a method for recording data on a write optical disc according to an embodiment of the present invention. 7A and 7B show a method for recording a data frame status bit according to another embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 8 shows another embodiment for recording data on a write optical disc according to another embodiment of the present invention; The method; and Figure 9 shows a block diagram of an optical recording and reproducing apparatus in accordance with the present invention.
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101095192B (en) | 2010-05-26 |
| TW200623073A (en) | 2006-07-01 |
| CN101095192A (en) | 2007-12-26 |
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