TWI392598B - Gearshift apparatus for vehicle - Google Patents
Gearshift apparatus for vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- TWI392598B TWI392598B TW99106636A TW99106636A TWI392598B TW I392598 B TWI392598 B TW I392598B TW 99106636 A TW99106636 A TW 99106636A TW 99106636 A TW99106636 A TW 99106636A TW I392598 B TWI392598 B TW I392598B
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Description
本發明係關於一種車輛換檔機構，特別是一種適用於電動車輛或燃油引擎車輛，並可選擇切換為自排駕駛或手排駕駛之車輛換檔機構。The present invention relates to a vehicle shifting mechanism, and more particularly to a vehicle shifting mechanism suitable for use in an electric vehicle or a fuel-engine vehicle, and optionally switchable to self-draining or hand-crank driving.
請參照第1圖所示，習知手排變速機構係包含一引擎90、一離合器91及一變速裝置92。該變速裝置92具有一輸入軸921、一輸出軸922及一齒輪組923，該離合器91一端與該輸入軸921連接，另一端則與該引擎90之一動力輸出軸901連接，該輸入軸921之一端連接該離合器91，另一端則透過一齒輪924與該齒輪組923相嚙合，而該輸出軸922一端亦與該齒輪組923相嚙合，以便該引擎90經由該輸入軸921及齒輪組923帶動該輸出軸922轉動。Referring to FIG. 1, the conventional hand shifting mechanism includes an engine 90, a clutch 91, and a shifting device 92. The shifting device 92 has an input shaft 921, an output shaft 922 and a gear set 923. One end of the clutch 91 is connected to the input shaft 921, and the other end is connected to a power output shaft 901 of the engine 90. The input shaft 921 One end is connected to the clutch 91, the other end is meshed with the gear set 923 through a gear 924, and one end of the output shaft 922 is also meshed with the gear set 923, so that the engine 90 passes through the input shaft 921 and the gear set 923. The output shaft 922 is driven to rotate.
進行排檔動作時，以排入一檔為例，駕駛者係將該離合器91與該引擎90之動力分離，並藉由撥動一排檔桿93帶動一同步器925，該同步器925使該齒輪組923之轉速與一檔齒輪926同步，以順利完成入檔。In the case of the gear shifting operation, taking the first gear as an example, the driver separates the clutch 91 from the power of the engine 90, and drives a synchronizer 925 by dialing a gear lever 93. The synchronizer 925 makes the gear The speed of the group 923 is synchronized with the first gear 926 to smoothly complete the shift.
該習知結構主要係利用該排檔桿93之一端連接該同步器925，透過該排檔桿93直接連動該同步器925，使該齒輪組923與其他的檔位齒輪相嚙合，導致該變速裝置92必須設置於該排檔桿93的下方位置，該變速裝置92的擺設位置因而受到限制，且該習知結構之體積大及重量重，造成動力配置設計上的諸多困擾及限制。The conventional structure mainly uses one end of the gearshift lever 93 to connect the synchronizer 925, and the synchronizer 925 is directly linked through the gear shifter 93 to mesh the gear set 923 with other gear gears, resulting in the shifting device 92. It must be disposed at a position below the gear shift lever 93. The position of the shifting device 92 is thus limited, and the conventional structure is bulky and heavy, which causes many troubles and limitations in the design of the power configuration.
本發明之目的係提供一種車輛換檔機構，用以解決習知變速機構位置受限之缺點，以提高設計的便利性。The object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle shifting mechanism for solving the disadvantages of the limited position of the conventional shifting mechanism to improve the design convenience.
本發明之次一目的係提供一種車輛換檔機構，使檔位變換更為順暢，以提升車輛之舒適性能。A second object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle shifting mechanism that makes gear shifting smoother to improve the comfort performance of the vehicle.
本發明之另一目的係提供一種車輛換檔機構，具有自動換檔功能，可控制馬達在最佳效率的操作點，使系統發揮最大的節能效果。Another object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle shifting mechanism having an automatic shifting function that can control the operating point of the motor at an optimum efficiency to maximize the energy saving effect of the system.
本發明之再一目的係提供一種車輛換檔機構，具有體積小、重量輕之優點。Still another object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle shifting mechanism that has the advantages of small size and light weight.
根據本發明之車輛換檔機構，係包含：一排桿裝置，係輸出一檔位訊號；及一變速裝置，具有一輸入軸、一輸出軸、數個輸入齒輪、數個輸出齒輪及一換檔組件，該輸入軸一端供連接一動力源，該輸出軸一端供連接一車輛之傳動軸，各該輸入齒輪係設置於該輸入軸外周，各該輸出齒輪係設置於該輸出軸外周，且各該輸入齒輪及輸出齒輪可相互嚙合，任二相互嚙合之輸入齒輪及輸出齒輪可選擇其中之一呈可軸向移動的設置於該輸入軸或該輸出軸上，另一則是固定於該輸入軸或輸出軸上，該換檔組件具有一換檔馬達、一變速凸輪及數個變速撥桿，該換檔馬達係依據該檔位訊號帶動該變速凸輪轉動，該變速凸輪外周面環繞有數個導引槽，各該導引槽於中心軸方向形成有軸向位差，各該變速撥桿均具有一夾持端及一凸部，該夾持端係夾持可軸向移動的該輸入齒輪或輸出齒輪，該凸部係設置於各該導引槽中。The vehicle shifting mechanism according to the present invention comprises: a row of lever devices for outputting a gear position signal; and a shifting device having an input shaft, an output shaft, a plurality of input gears, a plurality of output gears, and a change a gear assembly, one end of the input shaft is connected to a power source, and one end of the output shaft is connected to a drive shaft of a vehicle, each input gear is disposed on an outer circumference of the input shaft, and each output gear is disposed on an outer circumference of the output shaft, and Each of the input gear and the output gear can be meshed with each other, and any one of the input gear and the output gear that are in mesh with each other can be selected to be axially movable on the input shaft or the output shaft, and the other is fixed to the input. On the shaft or the output shaft, the shifting assembly has a shifting motor, a shifting cam and a plurality of shifting levers, and the shifting motor drives the shifting cam according to the gear position signal, and the outer peripheral surface of the shifting cam is surrounded by several a guiding groove, each of the guiding grooves is formed with an axial position difference in a central axis direction, and each of the shifting levers has a clamping end and a convex portion, and the clamping end clamps the axially movable transmission Gear or output gear, the projecting portion is provided on each of the line guide grooves.
為讓本發明之上述及其他目的、特徵及優點能更明顯易懂，下文特舉本發明之較佳實施例，並配合所附圖式，作詳細說明如下：請參照第2圖所示，本發明之車輛換檔機構係包含一排檔裝置1及一變速裝置2。其中，該排檔裝置1可輸出一檔位訊號，該變速裝置2係可依據該檔位訊號執行車輛之換檔動作。The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more <RTIgt; The vehicle shifting mechanism of the present invention includes a shifting device 1 and a shifting device 2. The gear shifting device 1 can output a gear position signal, and the shifting device 2 can perform a shifting operation of the vehicle according to the gear position signal.
再參照第2及3圖所示，本發明之排桿裝置1具有一排檔桿11、一連動組件12、數個觸動件13及數個極限開關14。該排檔桿11係透過該連動組件12帶動各該觸動件13呈往復式移動，且各該極限開關14係分別位於各該觸動件13之行程兩端，令各該觸動件13係藉由往復移動的動作而分別接觸各該極限開關14，進而使各該極限開關14分別輸出一感知訊號。Referring again to FIGS. 2 and 3, the rod arrangement 1 of the present invention has a shift lever 11, a linkage assembly 12, a plurality of actuators 13, and a plurality of limit switches 14. The shift lever 11 drives the trigger members 13 to reciprocately move through the linkage assembly 12, and each of the limit switches 14 is located at each end of the stroke of each of the trigger members 13, so that each of the trigger members 13 is reciprocated. The movements are respectively contacted with the limit switches 14, and each of the limit switches 14 outputs a sensing signal.
本實施例中，該連動組件12係具有一座體121、數個樞轉臂122及數個連動桿123。該座體121係設置於一車輛靠近駕駛座的位置，該排檔桿11設有一樞轉支點111，該排檔桿11藉由該樞轉支點111呈可樞轉的設置於該座體121，該排檔桿11之頂端可供駕駛者握持以進行排檔動作，且該排檔桿11靠近頂端的部分桿體容置於一排檔槽[未繪示]中，以便該排檔槽限制該排檔桿11之移動路徑，進而控制換檔作動。各該樞轉臂122較佳選擇為一L形曲柄，且各該樞轉臂122具有一結合部122a、一第一端122b及一第二端122c，各該樞轉臂122之結合部122a係利用一樞軸124呈可樞轉的設置於該座體121，各該第一端122b係利用一連桿123連結該排檔桿11之樞轉支點111，各該第二端122c則是連接各該連動桿125之一端，且各該連動桿125之另一端係連接各該觸動件13。In this embodiment, the linkage assembly 12 has a body 121, a plurality of pivot arms 122, and a plurality of linkage bars 123. The base 121 is disposed at a position of the vehicle near the driver's seat. The gear lever 11 is provided with a pivot point 111. The gear lever 11 is pivotally disposed on the seat body 121 by the pivot point 111. The top end of the gear shift lever 11 is gripped by the driver for the gear shifting operation, and the portion of the gear lever 11 near the top end is accommodated in a row of gear slots (not shown), so that the gear shifting groove limits the gearshift lever 11 Move the path to control the shifting action. Each of the pivoting arms 122 is preferably an L-shaped crank, and each of the pivoting arms 122 has a joint portion 122a, a first end 122b and a second end 122c, and the joint portion 122a of each pivot arm 122 The pivoting portion is pivotally disposed on the base 121. Each of the first ends 122b is coupled to the pivot fulcrum 111 of the shift lever 11 by a connecting rod 123. Each of the second ends 122c is connected. One end of each of the linkage rods 125, and the other end of each of the linkage rods 125 is connected to each of the trigger members 13.
藉此，當駕駛者利用該排檔桿11進行排檔動作時，透過各該觸動件13接觸不同的極限開關14所輸出的感知訊號，可得知該駕駛者之需求檔位。如第4圖所示，當各該觸動件13同時接觸極限開關14b、14c即表示一檔，同時接觸極限開關14b、14d即表示二檔，僅接觸極限開關14c即表示三檔，僅接觸極限開關14d即表示四檔，同時接觸極限開關14a、14c即表示五檔，同時接觸極限開關14a、14d即表示倒車檔。該排檔裝置1可另設置一處理單元以接收各該極限開關14之感知訊號，並運算判斷出駕駛者的檔位需求後發出該檔位訊號。或者，該排檔裝置1亦可透過一車輛之行車控制器接收各該極限開關14之感知訊號，同樣可運算判斷出駕駛者的需求檔位後發出該檔位訊號。Therefore, when the driver uses the gear shift lever 11 to perform the gear shifting operation, the driver can request the driver's demand gear position by contacting the sensing signals outputted by the different limit switches 14 by the respective trigger members 13. As shown in FIG. 4, when each of the trigger members 13 simultaneously contacts the limit switches 14b, 14c, it represents a first gear, while the contact limit switches 14b, 14d represent the second gear, and only the contact limit switch 14c represents the third gear, only the contact limit. The switch 14d represents the fourth gear, and the contact limit switches 14a, 14c represent the fifth gear, and the contact limit switches 14a, 14d represent the reverse gear. The gear shifting device 1 can be further provided with a processing unit for receiving the sensing signals of the limit switches 14 and calculating the driver's gear position requirements to issue the gear position signals. Alternatively, the gear shifting device 1 can receive the sensing signal of each of the limit switches 14 through a driving controller of the vehicle, and can also calculate the driver's demand gear position and then issue the gear position signal.
再參照第2及5圖所示，本發明之變速裝置2係具有一輸入軸21、一輸出軸22、數個輸入齒輪23、數個輸出齒輪24及一換檔組件25。該輸入軸21具有一動力輸入端211，該動力輸入端211可供連接一動力源，且該動力源可選擇為一電動馬達或一燃油引擎。該輸出軸22具有一動力輸出端221，該動力輸出端221係可連接一車輛之傳動軸。各該輸入齒輪23係設置於該輸入軸21外周，各該輸出齒輪24係設置於該輸出軸22外周，且各該輸入齒輪23及輸出齒輪24可相互嚙合。其中，任二相互嚙合之輸入齒輪23及輸出齒輪24可選擇其中之一呈可軸向移動的設置於該輸入軸21或該輸出軸22上，另一則是呈固定於該輸入軸21或輸出軸22上，且該換檔組件25係帶動可移動的該輸入齒輪23或輸出齒輪24軸向位移，用以改變該輸入齒輪23與輸出齒輪24之間的嚙合或不嚙合狀態。本實施例中，係選擇各該輸入齒輪23均固定於該輸入軸21外周，各該輸出齒輪24均呈可軸向移動的設置於該輸出軸22外周，且該換檔組件25係帶動各該輸出齒輪24於該輸出軸22上之軸向位移，使各該輸出齒輪24僅以其中之一與該輸入齒輪23嚙合。Referring again to Figures 2 and 5, the shifting device 2 of the present invention has an input shaft 21, an output shaft 22, a plurality of input gears 23, a plurality of output gears 24, and a shifting assembly 25. The input shaft 21 has a power input end 211 for connecting to a power source, and the power source can be selected as an electric motor or a fuel engine. The output shaft 22 has a power output 221 that is connectable to a drive shaft of a vehicle. Each of the input gears 23 is disposed on an outer circumference of the input shaft 21, and each of the output gears 24 is disposed on an outer circumference of the output shaft 22, and each of the input gears 23 and the output gears 24 are meshable with each other. Wherein, any one of the two intermeshing input gears 23 and the output gear 24 may be axially movable on the input shaft 21 or the output shaft 22, and the other is fixed to the input shaft 21 or the output. On the shaft 22, the shifting assembly 25 axially displaces the movable input gear 23 or the output gear 24 for changing the engaged or disengaged state between the input gear 23 and the output gear 24. In this embodiment, each of the input gears 23 is fixed to the outer circumference of the input shaft 21, and each of the output gears 24 is axially movable on the outer circumference of the output shaft 22, and the shifting assembly 25 drives each The output gear 24 is axially displaced on the output shaft 22 such that each of the output gears 24 meshes with the input gear 23 in only one of them.
上述該換檔組件25係具有一換檔馬達251、一換檔齒輪252、一檔位齒輪253、一變速凸輪254及數個變速撥桿255。該換檔馬達251具有一輸出軸251a，該換檔齒輪252係設置於該輸出軸251a，該換檔齒輪252之型態較佳係於一齒盤外周設置四個輪齒，並以兩個相鄰接的輪齒為一組，且該兩組輪齒之間相隔180度。該檔位齒輪253及變速凸輪254係同軸設置並呈同步轉動，且該檔位齒輪253與換檔齒輪252係相互嚙合，該變速凸輪254的外周面環繞設有數個導引槽254a，且各該導引槽254a均必須於中心軸方向形成有軸向位差。各該變速撥桿255係呈可軸向移動的設置於一樞軸256上，各該變速撥桿255均具有一夾持端255a及一凸部255b，該夾持端255a係夾持該輸出齒輪24，該凸部255b則位於該變速凸輪254的導引槽254a中。藉此，該換檔馬達251帶動該換檔齒輪252轉動時，係可透過該檔位齒輪253與換檔齒輪252之相互嚙合關係，進而帶動該檔位齒輪253及變速凸輪254轉動。由於各該導引槽254a具有軸向位差，故變速凸輪254轉動時即可利用該導引槽254a對該變速撥桿255之凸部255b的引導作用，帶動該變速撥桿255與該樞軸256上軸向位移，進而帶動各該輸出齒輪24於該輸出軸22上的軸向位移動作。The shifting assembly 25 described above has a shifting motor 251, a shifting gear 252, a gear shifting gear 253, a shifting cam 254 and a plurality of shifting levers 255. The shifting motor 251 has an output shaft 251a. The shifting gear 252 is disposed on the output shaft 251a. The shifting gear 252 is preferably disposed on the outer circumference of a toothed disc and has four teeth. The adjacent teeth are a group, and the two groups of teeth are separated by 180 degrees. The gear gear 253 and the shift cam 254 are coaxially disposed and synchronously rotated, and the gear gear 253 and the shift gear 252 are in mesh with each other. The outer peripheral surface of the shift cam 254 is surrounded by a plurality of guiding grooves 254a, and each Each of the guide grooves 254a must have an axial difference in the direction of the central axis. Each of the shifting levers 255 is axially movable and disposed on a pivot 256. Each of the shifting levers 255 has a clamping end 255a and a convex portion 255b. The clamping end 255a clamps the output. The gear 24 is located in the guiding groove 254a of the shift cam 254. Therefore, when the shifting gear 252 drives the shifting gear 252 to rotate, the shifting gear 253 and the shifting gear 252 can be meshed with each other, thereby driving the shifting gear 253 and the shifting cam 254 to rotate. Since each of the guiding grooves 254a has an axial position difference, when the shifting cam 254 is rotated, the guiding groove 254a can guide the convex portion 255b of the shifting lever 255, and the shifting lever 255 and the pivot are driven. The shaft 256 is axially displaced, thereby driving the axial displacement of each of the output gears 24 on the output shaft 22.
前述換檔組件25另具有一定位棘輪257及一定位撥桿258，該定位棘輪257與該檔位齒輪253及變速凸輪254係同軸設置並呈同步轉動，且該定位棘輪257具有數個棘齒，該定位撥桿258具有一樞設端258a及一活動端258b，該樞設端258a係呈可樞轉的設置於一樞軸並設置有復歸彈簧[未標示]，該活動端258b則具有一滾輪，且該活動端258b之滾輪可嵌卡於該定位棘輪257任兩相鄰的棘齒之間。前述檔位齒輪253的表面可標示數個檔位刻度，該定位棘輪257之各棘齒較佳與各該檔位刻度相互對齊。藉此，當檔位齒輪253轉動至預定的檔位時，該定位撥桿258之活動端258b可嵌卡於與該檔位刻度相互對齊之該棘齒一側，以限制該檔位齒輪253及變速凸輪254之檔位，而進行換檔時，該定位撥桿258之活動端258b仍可以被推頂開以達成換檔動作。The shifting assembly 25 further has a positioning ratchet 257 and a positioning lever 258. The positioning ratchet 257 is coaxially disposed and synchronously rotated with the gear gear 253 and the shifting cam 254, and the positioning ratchet 257 has a plurality of ratchet teeth. The positioning lever 258 has a pivoting end 258a and a movable end 258b. The pivoting end 258a is pivotally disposed on a pivot and is provided with a return spring [not labeled], and the movable end 258b has A roller, and the roller of the movable end 258b can be embedded between any two adjacent ratchet teeth of the positioning ratchet 257. The surface of the gear gear 253 can be marked with a plurality of gear scales, and the ratchets of the positioning ratchet 257 are preferably aligned with each of the gear scales. Thereby, when the gear gear 253 is rotated to a predetermined gear position, the movable end 258b of the positioning lever 258 can be embedded on the ratchet side aligned with the gear scale to limit the gear gear 253. And the gear position of the shifting cam 254, when the shifting is performed, the movable end 258b of the positioning lever 258 can still be pushed open to achieve the shifting action.
請參照第2至5圖所示，本發明車輛換檔機構另包含有一行車控制器3及一自動變速控制器4。且該變速裝置2之輸入軸21及輸出軸22另分別設置有轉速監測器212、222，該二轉速監測器212、222可分別監測該輸入軸21及輸出軸22之轉速並輸出一輸入軸轉速訊號及一輸出軸轉速訊號。該行車控制器3係可接收該排檔裝置1之各極限開關14所輸出的感知訊號，並依據各該感知訊號運算判斷出駕駛者之操作檔位，以輸出該檔位訊號。而且，該行車控制器3可另外接收一車輛之車速訊號及油門踏板訊號，並經由比對目前車速及駕駛者的速度需求而另輸出一動力訊號。該自動變速控制器4係可接收該行車控制器3所輸出之檔位訊號及動力訊號，同時亦接收該二轉速監測器212、222所輸出的輸入軸轉速訊號及輸出軸轉速訊號，並參考該輸入軸21及輸出軸22之轉速值進而控制該變速裝置2執行換檔動作。Referring to Figures 2 to 5, the vehicle shifting mechanism of the present invention further includes a row of vehicle controllers 3 and an automatic shifting controller 4. The input shaft 21 and the output shaft 22 of the transmission device 2 are respectively provided with rotation speed monitors 212 and 222, and the two rotation speed monitors 212 and 222 respectively monitor the rotation speeds of the input shaft 21 and the output shaft 22 and output an input shaft. Speed signal and an output shaft speed signal. The driving controller 3 can receive the sensing signal output by each limit switch 14 of the gear shifting device 1, and determine the operating gear position of the driver according to each of the sensing signals to output the gear position signal. Moreover, the driving controller 3 can additionally receive a vehicle speed signal and an accelerator pedal signal, and output a power signal by comparing the current vehicle speed with the driver's speed demand. The automatic shifting controller 4 can receive the gear position signal and the power signal output by the driving controller 3, and also receive the input shaft speed signal and the output shaft speed signal output by the two speed monitors 212 and 222, and refer to The rotational speed values of the input shaft 21 and the output shaft 22, in turn, control the shifting device 2 to perform a shifting operation.
請參照第2至5圖所示，本發明車輛換檔機構實施時，當駕駛者利用該排檔裝置1之排檔桿11進行排檔動作時，透過各該觸動件13接觸不同的極限開關14並輸出數個感知訊號，該行車控制器3係接收該排檔裝置1所輸出之各感知訊號，經運算判斷以得知駕駛者的檔位需求，並輸出一檔位訊號，同時，該行車控制器3亦接收一車輛之車速訊號、油門踏板訊號及二轉速監測器212、222所輸出之輸入軸轉速訊號及輸出軸轉速訊號，並經由比對目前車速及駕駛者的速度需求而另輸出一動力訊號。該自動變速控制器4接收該行車控制器3所輸出之檔位訊號及動力訊號，同時參考該二轉速監測器212、222所輸出之輸入軸轉速訊號及輸出軸轉速訊號，以分別控制該變速裝置2之輸入軸21所連接動力源的輸出轉速及該換檔馬達251的輸出轉速，以執行換檔動作。Referring to FIGS. 2 to 5, when the vehicle shifting mechanism of the present invention is implemented, when the driver uses the shift lever 11 of the shifting device 1 to perform the shifting operation, each of the trigger members 13 contacts the different limit switches 14 and outputs. a plurality of sensing signals, the driving controller 3 receives the sensing signals output by the gearing device 1, and determines the driver's gear position by operation, and outputs a gear position signal, and at the same time, the driving controller 3 The vehicle input speed signal, the accelerator pedal signal and the input shaft speed signal and the output shaft speed signal output by the two speed monitors 212 and 222 are also received, and another power signal is output by comparing the current speed and the driver's speed demand. . The automatic shift controller 4 receives the gear position signal and the power signal output by the driving controller 3, and refers to the input shaft speed signal and the output shaft speed signal output by the two speed monitors 212 and 222 to respectively control the shifting speed. The output rotational speed of the power source to which the input shaft 21 of the device 2 is connected and the output rotational speed of the shift motor 251 are used to perform a shifting operation.
該變速裝置2進行換檔動作時，該換檔馬達251係可透過該換檔齒輪252帶動該檔位齒輪253及變速凸輪254同步轉動。該換檔馬達251每旋轉半圈，即可帶動該檔位齒輪253變換一個檔位，且該檔位齒輪253每變換一個檔位，該定位撥桿258會因為復歸彈簧的作用，令其活動端258b與該定位棘輪257互相嵌卡，以限制該檔位齒輪253及變速凸輪254不會任意偏轉。該變速凸輪254之導引槽254a係為透過該變速撥桿255以控制該輸出齒輪24與輸入齒輪23之嚙合狀態而設置，因此各該導引槽254a之軸向位差係與該檔位齒輪253之檔位刻度相對應，且各該相鄰的檔位之間增設有一空檔檔位(即輸出齒輪不與輸入齒輪嚙合狀態)。據此，當駕駛者之檔位需求係由一檔變換到二檔時，該自動變速控制器4係先控制該換檔馬達251帶動該檔位齒輪253由一檔換到空檔，且在空檔的狀態下，該自動變速控制器4根據所接收之輸入軸轉速訊號及輸出軸轉速訊號，進而計算該輸入軸21及輸出軸22之間的轉速差，並控制該輸入軸21所連接之動力源的輸出轉速與該輸出軸22的轉速相同，該自動變速控制器4再控制該換檔馬達251帶動該檔位齒輪253由空檔換到二檔，即完成換檔動作。When the shifting device 2 performs a shifting operation, the shifting motor 251 can drive the shifting gear 253 and the shifting cam 254 to rotate synchronously through the shifting gear 252. Each time the shift motor 251 rotates half a turn, the gear gear 253 can be driven to change a gear position, and each time the gear gear 253 is changed, the positioning lever 258 is activated by the action of the return spring. The end 258b and the positioning ratchet 257 are mutually engaged to restrict the gear gear 253 and the shift cam 254 from being arbitrarily deflected. The guiding groove 254a of the shifting cam 254 is disposed through the shifting lever 255 to control the meshing state of the output gear 24 and the input gear 23, so that the axial difference between the guiding grooves 254a and the gear position The gear scale of the gear 253 corresponds to a gear position, and a neutral gear position is added between each adjacent gear position (ie, the output gear is not engaged with the input gear). According to this, when the driver's gear demand is changed from the first gear to the second gear, the automatic shift controller 4 first controls the shift motor 251 to drive the gear gear 253 from the first gear to the neutral gear, and In the neutral state, the automatic shift controller 4 calculates the rotational speed difference between the input shaft 21 and the output shaft 22 based on the received input shaft rotational speed signal and the output shaft rotational speed signal, and controls the input shaft 21 to be connected. The output speed of the power source is the same as the rotation speed of the output shaft 22, and the automatic shift controller 4 controls the shift motor 251 to drive the gear gear 253 from neutral to second gear, that is, the shifting operation is completed.
另外，當輸入軸21所連接之動力源為一電動馬達時，該自動變速控制器4可直接控制該電動馬達之輸出轉速，而當該動力源係一燃油引擎時，該自動變速控制器4係透過控制該燃油引擎之節氣閥開度，進而控制該燃油引擎之輸出轉速。In addition, when the power source to which the input shaft 21 is connected is an electric motor, the automatic shift controller 4 can directly control the output speed of the electric motor, and when the power source is a fuel engine, the automatic shift controller 4 The output speed of the fuel engine is controlled by controlling the throttle opening of the fuel engine.
請參照第6圖所示，係本發明車輛換檔機構運用於一電動車輛之實施例，該車輛搭載有一排檔裝置1、一變速裝置2、一行車控制器3及一自動變速控制器4。該排檔裝置1係設置於該車輛靠近駕駛座的位置，該變速裝置2之輸入軸21係連接一電動馬達5，該輸出軸22則連接該車輛之傳動軸。其中，該車輛可為前驅式或後驅式車輛，本實施例所示係為一後驅式車輛。Referring to FIG. 6, the vehicle shifting mechanism of the present invention is applied to an embodiment of an electric vehicle equipped with a gear shifting device 1, a shifting device 2, a row of vehicle controllers 3, and an automatic shifting controller 4. The gearshift device 1 is disposed at a position where the vehicle is close to the driver's seat. The input shaft 21 of the shifting device 2 is coupled to an electric motor 5, and the output shaft 22 is coupled to the drive shaft of the vehicle. The vehicle may be a front-drive or a rear-drive vehicle, and the present embodiment is a rear-drive vehicle.
該行車控制器3另連接有一手/自排切換器6，當駕駛者經由該手/自排切換器6選擇為手排駕駛模式時，駕駛者可透過該排桿裝置1之排檔桿11任意選擇所需要的檔位，並輸出數個感知訊號給予該行車控制器3，該行車控制器3可另外接收該車輛之車速訊號、油門踏板訊號、輸出軸轉速訊號及輸入軸轉速訊號，經由該行車控制器3運算判斷後再輸出一動力訊號、檔位訊號、輸出軸轉速訊號及輸入軸轉速訊號給予該自動變速控制器4，該自動變速控制器4即完全依照駕駛者所操作的檔位，同時參考該輸出軸轉速訊號及輸入軸轉速訊號而驅動該變速裝置2變換檔位。當駕駛者經由該手/自排切換器6選擇為自排駕駛模式時，該行車控制器3可另外接收該車輛之車速訊號、油門踏板訊號、輸出軸轉速訊號及輸入軸轉速訊號，當該行車控制器3接收該車速訊號及油門踏板訊號時，可計算出該電動馬達5之最佳輸出功率及轉速，進而輸出一動力訊號、檔位訊號、輸出軸轉速訊號及輸入軸轉速訊號給予該自動變速控制器4，該自動變速控制器4即可依據該檔位訊號及動力訊號，同時參考該輸出軸轉速訊號及輸入軸轉速訊號，以驅動該變速裝置2進行自動換檔動作，其變換的檔位完全依照當下的路況與駕駛者操作行為而定。The driving controller 3 is further connected with a hand/self-discharging switch 6. When the driver selects the hand row driving mode via the hand/self-discharging switch 6, the driver can arbitrarily through the shift lever 11 of the row bar device 1. Selecting the required gear position and outputting a plurality of sensing signals to the driving controller 3, the driving controller 3 can additionally receive the vehicle speed signal, the accelerator pedal signal, the output shaft speed signal and the input shaft speed signal, After the driving controller 3 calculates the judgment, the power signal, the gear position signal, the output shaft speed signal and the input shaft speed signal are output to the automatic shift controller 4, and the automatic shift controller 4 is completely in accordance with the gear position operated by the driver. At the same time, the shifting device 2 is driven to change the gear position by referring to the output shaft speed signal and the input shaft speed signal. When the driver selects the self-drain driving mode via the hand/self-discharge switch 6, the driving controller 3 can additionally receive the vehicle speed signal, the accelerator pedal signal, the output shaft speed signal, and the input shaft speed signal of the vehicle. When the driving controller 3 receives the vehicle speed signal and the accelerator pedal signal, the optimal output power and the rotational speed of the electric motor 5 can be calculated, and then a power signal, a gear position signal, an output shaft speed signal, and an input shaft speed signal are outputted. The automatic shift controller 4 can refer to the output shaft speed signal and the input shaft speed signal according to the gear position signal and the power signal to drive the shifting device 2 to perform an automatic shifting action, and the shifting The gears are completely in accordance with the current road conditions and the driver's operating behavior.
請參照第7圖所示，係本發明車輛換檔機構運用於一四驅式電動車輛之實施例，該車輛搭載有一排檔裝置1、二變速裝置2、一行車控制器3及二自動變速控制器4。該排檔裝置1係設置於該車輛靠近駕駛座的位置，該二變速裝置2之輸入軸21係分別連接一電動馬達5，該二變速裝置2之輸出軸22則分別連接該車輛之前輪傳動軸及後輪傳動軸。Referring to FIG. 7, the vehicle shifting mechanism of the present invention is applied to an embodiment of a four-wheel drive electric vehicle, which is equipped with a gear shifting device 1, two shifting devices 2, a row of vehicle controllers 3 and two automatic shifting controls. Device 4. The gear shifting device 1 is disposed at a position where the vehicle is close to the driver's seat. The input shafts 21 of the two shifting devices 2 are respectively connected to an electric motor 5, and the output shafts 22 of the two shifting devices 2 are respectively connected to the front wheel drive shaft of the vehicle. And rear wheel drive shaft.
相較於前述實施例(後驅式車輛)，本實施例之行車控制器3亦連接有一手/自排切換器6，令駕駛者可經由該手/自排切換器6選擇為手排駕駛或自排駕駛模式，而且，本實施例之行車控制器3進一步連接有一四驅動力選擇器7，令駕駛者可透過該四驅動力選擇器7切換該車輛為前驅式、後驅式或四驅式動力其中之一。Compared with the foregoing embodiment (rear drive type vehicle), the driving controller 3 of the embodiment is also connected with a hand/self-discharge switch 6 so that the driver can select to drive the hand row via the hand/self-discharge switch 6 Or the self-drain driving mode, and the driving controller 3 of the embodiment is further connected with a four-drive force selector 7 for the driver to switch the vehicle to the front drive type, the rear drive type or the fourth drive force selector 7 One of the four-wheel drive power.
當駕駛者經由該四驅動力選擇器7選擇為前驅式或後驅式動力時，其實施及操作狀態與前述實施例(後驅式車輛)完全相同。當駕駛者經由該四驅動力選擇器7選擇為四驅式動力且為手排駕駛模式時，該行車控制器3同樣可接收該排檔裝置1之各感知訊號、車速訊號、前後輪輪速訊號及油門踏板訊號，當該行車控制器3接收該車速訊號、前後輪輪速訊號及油門踏板訊號時，可分別計算出該二電動馬達5之最佳輸出功率及轉速，並輸出檔位訊號及動力訊號給予該二自動變速控制器4，該二自動變速控制器4即完全依照駕駛者所操作的檔位及動力訊號，同時參考該輸出軸轉速訊號及輸入軸轉速訊號，以分別驅動該二變速裝置2進行自動換檔動作。When the driver selects the front-drive or the rear-drive power via the four-drive force selector 7, its implementation and operational state are identical to those of the foregoing embodiment (rear drive type vehicle). When the driver selects four-wheel drive power through the four-drive force selector 7 and is in the hand-drive mode, the driving controller 3 can also receive the sensing signals, the vehicle speed signals, and the front and rear wheel speed signals of the gear unit 1 . And the accelerator pedal signal, when the driving controller 3 receives the vehicle speed signal, the front and rear wheel speed signals and the accelerator pedal signal, the optimal output power and the rotation speed of the two electric motors 5 can be respectively calculated, and the gear position signals and The power signal is given to the two automatic shifting controllers 4, and the two automatic shifting controllers 4 are completely in accordance with the gear position and the power signal operated by the driver, and simultaneously refer to the output shaft speed signal and the input shaft speed signal to respectively drive the two. The shifting device 2 performs an automatic shifting operation.
而且，在自排駕駛模式下選擇為四驅式動力時，該車輛可依照路面狀況(特別是崎嶇不平的路面，造成前、後輪轉速不同時)來分別控制該二變速裝置2之檔位及該二電動馬達5之輸出轉速，該行車控制器3係依照車速、油門踏板及前後輪轉速而分別計算出其需求扭力，並分別控制該二電動馬達5之最佳輸出功率及轉速，判斷該二變速裝置2所適合的檔位，其變換的檔位完全依照當下的路況與駕駛者操作行為而定。Moreover, when the four-wheel drive power is selected in the self-draining driving mode, the vehicle can respectively control the gear positions of the two shifting devices 2 according to the road surface condition (especially when the rough and uneven road surface causes the front and rear wheel speeds to be different). And the output speed of the two electric motors 5, the driving controller 3 respectively calculates the required torque according to the vehicle speed, the accelerator pedal and the front and rear wheel rotational speeds, and respectively controls the optimal output power and the rotational speed of the two electric motors 5, and determines The gear position suitable for the two shifting devices 2 is changed according to the current road condition and the driver's operating behavior.
如上所述，本發明車輛換檔機構之變速裝置不需直接設置於該排檔桿下方，進而減少該車輛在空間或動力配置設計上的諸多限制，以提高設計的便利性。As described above, the shifting device of the vehicle shifting mechanism of the present invention does not need to be directly disposed under the shift lever, thereby reducing the number of restrictions on the design of the vehicle in the space or power configuration to improve the design convenience.
本發明車輛換檔機構之檔位變換更為順暢，以提升車輛之舒適性能。The shifting position of the vehicle shifting mechanism of the invention is smoother to improve the comfort performance of the vehicle.
本發明車輛換檔機構擁有自動換檔功能，可控制馬達在最佳效率的操作點，使系統發揮最大的節能效果。The vehicle shifting mechanism of the invention has an automatic shifting function, which can control the operating point of the motor at an optimal efficiency, so that the system can exert the maximum energy saving effect.
雖然本發明已利用上述較佳實施例揭示，然其並非用以限定本發明，任何熟習此技藝者在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍之內，相對上述實施例進行各種更動與修改仍屬本發明所保護之技術範疇，因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。While the invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments described above, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The technical scope of the invention is protected, and therefore the scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.
1．．．排檔裝置1. . . Gear shifting device
11．．．排檔桿11. . . Gear shift lever
111．．．樞轉支點111. . . Pivot pivot
12．．．連動組件12. . . Linkage component
121．．．座體121. . . Seat
122．．．樞轉臂122. . . Pivot arm
122a．．．結合部122a. . . combination
122b．．．第一端122b. . . First end
122c．．．第二端122c. . . Second end
123．．．連桿123. . . link
124．．．樞軸124. . . Pivot
125．．．連動桿125. . . Linkage rod
13．．．觸動件13. . . Touch piece
14．．．極限開關14. . . Limit switch
14a．．．極限開關14a. . . Limit switch
14b．．．極限開關14b. . . Limit switch
14c．．．極限開關14c. . . Limit switch
14d．．．極限開關14d. . . Limit switch
2．．．變速裝置2. . . Transmission
21．．．輸入軸twenty one. . . Input shaft
211．．．動力輸入端211. . . Power input
212．．．轉速監測器212. . . Speed monitor
22．．．輸出軸twenty two. . . Output shaft
221．．．動力輸出端221. . . Power output
222．．．轉速監測器222. . . Speed monitor
23．．．輸入齒輪twenty three. . . Input gear
24．．．輸出齒輪twenty four. . . Output gear
25．．．換檔組件25. . . Shifting assembly
251．．．換檔馬達251. . . Shift motor
251a．．．輸出軸251a. . . Output shaft
252．．．換檔齒輪252. . . Shift gear
253．．．檔位齒輪253. . . Gear gear
254．．．變速凸輪254. . . Variable speed cam
254a．．．導引槽254a. . . Guide slot
255．．．變速撥桿255. . . Shift lever
255a．．．夾持端255a. . . Clamping end
255b．．．凸部255b. . . Convex
256．．．樞軸256. . . Pivot
257．．．定位棘輪257. . . Positioning ratchet
258．．．定位撥桿258. . . Positioning lever
258a．．．樞設端258a. . . Pivot end
258b．．．活動端258b. . . Active side
3．．．行車控制器3. . . Driving controller
4．．．自動變速控制器4. . . Automatic shift controller
5．．．電動馬達5. . . electric motor
6．．．手/自排切換器6. . . Hand/self-discharge switch
7．．．四驅動力選擇器7. . . Four drive force selector
90．．．引擎90. . . engine
901．．．動力輸出軸901. . . PTO shaft
91．．．離合器91. . . clutch
92．．．變速裝置92. . . Transmission
921．．．輸入軸921. . . Input shaft
922．．．輸出軸922. . . Output shaft
923．．．齒輪組923. . . Gear set
924．．．齒輪924. . . gear
925．．．同步器925. . . Synchronizer
93．．．排檔桿93. . . Gear shift lever
第1圖：習知汽車手排變速箱基本架構示意圖。Figure 1: Schematic diagram of the basic structure of the conventional car manual transmission.
第2圖：本發明之立體圖。Figure 2: A perspective view of the invention.
第3圖：本發明排檔裝置之立體圖。Figure 3 is a perspective view of the gear shifting device of the present invention.
第4圖：本發明排檔裝置之局部動作示意圖。Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the partial operation of the gear shifting device of the present invention.
第5圖：本發明變速裝置之立體圖。Figure 5 is a perspective view of the shifting device of the present invention.
第6圖：本發明運用於後驅式電動車輛之平面示意圖。Fig. 6 is a plan view showing the application of the present invention to a rear-drive electric vehicle.
第7圖：本發明運用於四驅式電動車輛之平面示意圖。Figure 7: Schematic diagram of the present invention applied to a four-wheel drive electric vehicle.
1．．．排檔裝置1. . . Gear shifting device
2．．．變速裝置2. . . Transmission
211．．．動力輸入端211. . . Power input
212．．．轉速監測器212. . . Speed monitor
221．．．動力輸出端221. . . Power output
222．．．轉速監測器222. . . Speed monitor
251．．．換檔馬達251. . . Shift motor
3．．．行車控制器3. . . Driving controller
4．．．自動變速控制器4. . . Automatic shift controller
5．．．電動馬達5. . . electric motor
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW99106636A TWI392598B (en) | 2010-03-08 | 2010-03-08 | Gearshift apparatus for vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW99106636A TWI392598B (en) | 2010-03-08 | 2010-03-08 | Gearshift apparatus for vehicle |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW201130677A TW201130677A (en) | 2011-09-16 |
| TWI392598B true TWI392598B (en) | 2013-04-11 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW99106636A TWI392598B (en) | 2010-03-08 | 2010-03-08 | Gearshift apparatus for vehicle |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| TW (1) | TWI392598B (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5857938A (en) * | 1997-07-28 | 1999-01-12 | General Motors Corporation | Manual shift control assembly with a reverse lock position |
| TWM246214U (en) * | 2003-10-30 | 2004-10-11 | Ji Ee Industry Co Ltd | Vehicle gear-shifting device |
| TW200846578A (en) * | 2007-03-20 | 2008-12-01 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | Transmission, power unit having the same, vehicle, controller for transmission, and method of controlling transmission |
| TW200951326A (en) * | 2008-06-11 | 2009-12-16 | Kwang Yang Motor Co | Gear-shifting structure of vehicle |
-
2010
- 2010-03-08 TW TW99106636A patent/TWI392598B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5857938A (en) * | 1997-07-28 | 1999-01-12 | General Motors Corporation | Manual shift control assembly with a reverse lock position |
| TWM246214U (en) * | 2003-10-30 | 2004-10-11 | Ji Ee Industry Co Ltd | Vehicle gear-shifting device |
| TW200846578A (en) * | 2007-03-20 | 2008-12-01 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | Transmission, power unit having the same, vehicle, controller for transmission, and method of controlling transmission |
| TW200951326A (en) * | 2008-06-11 | 2009-12-16 | Kwang Yang Motor Co | Gear-shifting structure of vehicle |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW201130677A (en) | 2011-09-16 |
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