TWI382968B - Cemented material for building construction - Google Patents
Cemented material for building construction Download PDFInfo
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本發明係關於一種建築用膠結材料；具體而言，本發明係關於一種膠結材料，其反應之粉體與激發劑間存在一適當配比，可達至傳統水泥之高抗壓強度。 The present invention relates to a cementitious material for construction; in particular, the present invention relates to a cementitious material, and a suitable ratio between the reacted powder and the activator can reach a high compressive strength of the conventional cement.
營建業普遍係使用水泥作為鋼筋混凝土結構物的膠結材料。水泥是一種粉狀的水硬性膠凝材料，它和適量的水拌合後成為塑性漿體，能將砂、石等散粒或纖維材料牢固地膠結在一起，是建築工業重要的基礎材料。如圖1所示，一般水泥之生產係以黏土、矽砂及石灰石等碳酸鈣岩類礦物，經適當配比混合研磨均勻後，於旋轉窯以高溫燒結後成為熟料，再加適當石膏研磨而成。由於水泥成分中含大量的氧化鈣及矽酸鹽類，因此遇水將產生水化反應並形成硬固之C-S-H(3CaO‧2SiO2‧3H2O)膠體結構。 The construction industry generally uses cement as a cementing material for reinforced concrete structures. Cement is a kind of powdery hydraulic cementitious material. It mixes with an appropriate amount of water to form a plastic slurry. It can firmly bond together sand or stone materials such as sand and stone. It is an important basic material for the construction industry. As shown in Fig. 1, the general cement production is made of calcium carbonate minerals such as clay, strontium sand and limestone. After proper mixing and grinding, it is uniformly sintered in a rotary kiln and then becomes clinker at a high temperature. Made. Since the cement component contains a large amount of calcium oxide and strontium salt, the water will react with water and form a hard CSH (3CaO‧2SiO 2 ‧3H 2 O) colloidal structure.
然而水泥之製造過程必須使用高溫(大於攝氏1300度)燒結，此舉除大量耗費能量與資源，在生產過程中亦會伴隨排放出二氧化碳廢氣，因而加重地球的溫室效應；此外，由於石灰石(CaCO3)等天然資源亦有其數量上之限制，因此尋找新興的替代材料就成了重要的課題。雖有學者發現鋁矽反應物與強鹼溶液可形成硬固之無晶形鋁 矽酸鹽膠體，然而如何達到傳統水泥之抗壓強度並加以利用卻仍末衷一是；凡此種種，皆不利於產業與環境之永續經營及發展。 However, the cement manufacturing process must use high temperature (greater than 1300 °C) sintering, which eliminates a lot of energy and resources, and also emits carbon dioxide gas in the production process, thus increasing the greenhouse effect of the earth; in addition, due to limestone (CaCO) 3 ) Natural resources also have their quantitative limits, so the search for emerging alternative materials has become an important issue. Although some scholars have found that the aluminum bismuth reactant and the strong alkali solution can form a hard solid amorphous aluminum phthalate colloid, how to achieve the compressive strength of the traditional cement and use it is still one of the most important; Sustainable management and development of industry and environment.
本發明之主要目的在於提供一種建築用膠結材料，其反應之粉體與激發劑間存在一適當配比，可達至傳統水泥之高抗壓強度。 The main object of the present invention is to provide a cementing material for construction, in which a proper ratio between the reacted powder and the activator can reach a high compressive strength of the conventional cement.
本發明之另一目的在於提供一種建築用膠結材料，結合含有矽鋁材質之再生材料如爐石粉、飛灰等與鹼激發劑反應形成硬固之膠凝材料，具有低滲透性、火害與酸抵抗性強及早強特性(4小時可達70%強度)，且材料均質性較傳統水泥為高。 Another object of the present invention is to provide a cementing material for building, which is combined with a regenerative material containing yttrium aluminum material such as hearth powder, fly ash and the like to form a hard solid cementing material, which has low permeability and fire damage. It has strong acid resistance and early strength (up to 70% strength in 4 hours), and the material homogeneity is higher than that of traditional cement.
本發明之另一目的在於提供一種建築用膠結材料，重金屬固化能力高，能固結有毒事業廢棄物。 Another object of the present invention is to provide a cementing material for construction, which has high curing ability of heavy metals and can consolidate toxic business waste.
本發明之建築用膠結材料，係供與水拌和硬化後形成建築構材，其配比包含粉體與激發劑，粉體包含矽酸鹽產物，其中矽酸鹽產物具有鋁含量介於20%~35%及鈣含量介於0.01%~45%。激發劑包含鹼性化合物具有鹼金族元素離子，其中當粉體連同激發劑與水拌和，鹼金族元素離子與矽酸鹽產物反應形成膠體結構，且膠體結構硬化後形成建築構材其抗壓強度係介於1100~11000 psi(pounds per square inch)。 The cementing material for building of the invention is formed by mixing and hardening with water to form a building material, the proportion of which comprises powder and an activator, and the powder comprises a citrate product, wherein the citrate product has an aluminum content of 20%. ~35% and calcium content between 0.01% and 45%. The activator comprises a basic compound having an alkali gold element ion, wherein when the powder is mixed with water with an activator, the alkali metal element ion reacts with the citrate product to form a colloidal structure, and the colloidal structure hardens to form a building member. The compressive strength is between 1100 and 11000 psi (pounds per square inch).
在較佳實施方式中，矽酸鹽產物具有一矽含量，鹼金族元素離子與鋁含量及矽含量間具有一元素莫耳比，當鹼金族元素離子與矽含量及鋁含量間形成之元素莫耳比係介於1：0.5：1.5至1：1.4：3之間，膠體結構硬化後之抗壓強度實質上係介於7600~7800 psi。其中，激發劑另包含鹼性溶液由氫氧化鈉及矽酸鈉依比例製備形成，且氫氧化鈉與矽酸鈉間較佳係具有一莫耳濃度百分比，當氫氧化鈉與矽酸鈉間形成之莫耳濃度百分比係介於30%~50%，膠體結構硬化後之抗壓強度實質上係10400 psi。 In a preferred embodiment, the citrate product has a bismuth content, the alkali metal element ion has an elemental molar ratio between the aluminum content and the strontium content, and is formed between the alkali metal element ion and the strontium content and the aluminum content. The elemental molar ratio is between 1:0.5:1.5 and 1:1.4:3, and the compressive strength of the colloidal structure is substantially between 7600 and 7800 psi. Wherein, the activator further comprises an alkaline solution prepared by proportioning sodium hydroxide and sodium citrate, and preferably between sodium hydroxide and sodium citrate has a molar concentration percentage, when sodium hydroxide and sodium citrate are used. The percentage of molar concentration formed is between 30% and 50%, and the compressive strength after hardening of the colloidal structure is substantially 10400 psi.
本發明提供一種建築用膠結材料，利用矽鋁反應物與強鹼溶液可形成硬固之無晶形鋁矽酸鹽膠體之原理，發展出特定配比之粉體與激發劑。本發明建築用膠結材料僅需於含有矽鋁成份之粉體(毋需經煅燒過程)中加入激發劑進行反應，成型後放室溫或蒸養即可加以利用。由於配比中用於反應之粉體與激發劑間存在一適當配比，因此可達至傳統水泥之高抗壓強度。此處所言用於反應之粉體，較佳係包含但不限於如高嶺土、飛灰、爐石粉等矽鋁反應物或天然矽酸鹽產物。此外，如圖2所示，本發明建築用膠結材料配比中所使用之粉體成份，與傳統水泥反應粉體成分相較下，較佳係呈現「低鈣」或「非 鈣」水泥之特性，可因應未來石灰石(CaCO3)資源可能用罄之風險。此處所言之「低鈣」，係指粉體成分中之鈣含量較佳係不超過整體重量比例之45%；此處所言之「非鈣」，則指粉體成分中之鈣含量較佳係僅佔整體比例之0.01%~5%。 The invention provides a cementing material for construction, which utilizes the principle that a bismuth aluminum reactant and a strong alkali solution can form a hard solid amorphous aluminum silicate colloid, and develops a specific proportion of powder and an activator. The cementing material for construction of the invention only needs to be reacted by adding an activator to the powder containing the bismuth aluminum component (when the calcination process is required), and can be utilized after being formed at room temperature or steamed. Due to the proper ratio between the powder used in the reaction and the activator in the ratio, the high compressive strength of the conventional cement can be obtained. The powder used for the reaction herein is preferably, but not limited to, a lanthanum aluminum reactant or a natural citrate product such as kaolin, fly ash, hearth powder. In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the powder component used in the cementing material ratio of the building of the present invention is preferably "low calcium" or "non-calcium" cement compared with the conventional cement reactive powder component. Characteristics that can be used in response to the risk that future limestone (CaCO 3 ) resources may be used. As used herein, "low calcium" means that the calcium content of the powder component is preferably not more than 45% of the total weight ratio; "non-calcium" as used herein means that the calcium content of the powder component is preferred. The system only accounts for 0.01% to 5% of the overall proportion.
圖3所示為無晶形鋁矽酸鹽膠體之分子結構圖(其通用化學表示式：Rn-{-(SiO2)z-AlO2-}-n×wH2O，R：Na、K)。如圖3所示，無晶形鋁矽酸鹽膠體係藉由一價鹼金族元素離子串連SiO2與Al2O3而形成穩定之3D構架，所以在較佳實施方式中，本發明之激發劑成份中較佳係包含如氫氧化鈉(NaOH)或氫氧化鉀(KOH)等之強鹼溶液，以與前述之矽鋁反應物或天然矽酸鹽產物反應形成硬固之膠體結構。換言之，本發明建築用膠結材料用於反應之粉體，較佳係結合含有矽鋁材質之再生材料如爐石粉、飛灰等，並與鹼激發劑反應形成硬固之膠凝材料，而具有低滲透性、火害與酸抵抗性強及早強特性(4小時可達70%強度)，並且其材料均質性亦較傳統水泥為高。此外，由於反應之粉體毋須經高溫煅燒，例如高嶺土僅需低燒結溫度(攝氏600~800度)，較無二氧化碳之排放；飛灰則係燃煤發電的副產品，因此不會造成進一步之污染，整體而言較為環保。 Figure 3 shows the molecular structure of the amorphous aluminosilicate colloid (the general chemical formula: R n -{-(SiO 2 ) z -AlO 2 -}- n ×wH 2 O, R:Na, K ). As shown in FIG. 3, the amorphous aluminosilicate gel system forms a stable 3D framework by serially connecting SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 with a monovalent alkali metal element ion, so in a preferred embodiment, the present invention Preferably, the activator component comprises a strong base solution such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or potassium hydroxide (KOH) to react with the aforementioned ruthenium aluminum reactant or natural citrate product to form a hard solid colloidal structure. In other words, the cement material for building construction of the present invention is used for the reaction powder, preferably combined with a recycled material containing bismuth aluminum material such as hearth powder, fly ash, etc., and reacts with an alkali activator to form a hard solid cementing material, and has Low permeability, fire and acid resistance and early strength (up to 70% strength in 4 hours), and its material homogeneity is higher than traditional cement. In addition, since the reaction powder is not required to be calcined at a high temperature, for example, kaolin requires only a low sintering temperature (600 to 800 degrees Celsius), which is less carbon dioxide-free; fly ash is a by-product of coal-fired power generation, and thus does not cause further pollution. Overall, it is more environmentally friendly.
承前所述，本發明之建築用膠結材料較佳係供與水拌和硬化後形成建築構材，且其配比較佳係包含粉體及激 發劑。此處所言之配比，係指反應粉體與激發劑間具有一適當之重量百分比及莫耳濃度比例，且配比中之粉體成分較佳係選自於偏高嶺土、爐石粉、矽灰、飛灰、水泥、二氧化矽產物、氧化鋁產物、氧化鈣產物、石英砂與上述之組合之其中之一。亦即，粉體係包含矽酸鹽產物，且矽酸鹽產物較佳係具有一鋁含量介於20%~35%及鈣含量介於0.01%~45%。激發劑則包含鹼性化合物具有適當濃度之鹼金族元素離子。其中，當粉體連同激發劑與水拌和，鹼金族元素離子與矽酸鹽產物反應形成膠體結構，且膠體結構硬化後形成建築構材其抗壓強度介於1100~11000 psi(pounds per square inch)。若進一步以公制單位進行換算，則其抗壓強度較佳係介於77.341~773.41 kgf/cm2。以下，將進一步就不同成份之反應粉體與激發劑間所組成之較佳配比及其所能達成之較佳抗壓強度等分述如后。 As mentioned above, the cementitious material for construction of the present invention is preferably formed by mixing and hardening with water to form a building material, and the mixture thereof preferably contains a powder and an activator. The ratio referred to herein means an appropriate weight percentage and a molar concentration ratio between the reaction powder and the activator, and the powder component in the ratio is preferably selected from the group consisting of metakaolin, hearth powder, and ash. One of a combination of fly ash, cement, cerium oxide product, alumina product, calcium oxide product, quartz sand and the combination thereof. That is, the powder system contains a citrate product, and the citrate product preferably has an aluminum content of 20% to 35% and a calcium content of 0.01% to 45%. The activator comprises a basic compound having an appropriate concentration of alkali metal element ions. Wherein, when the powder is mixed with the activator and water, the alkali gold element ions react with the citrate product to form a colloidal structure, and the colloidal structure is hardened to form a building member whose compressive strength is between 1100 and 11000 psi (pounds per square) Inch). If the conversion is further performed in metric units, the compressive strength is preferably between 77.341 and 773.41 kgf/cm 2 . Hereinafter, the preferred ratio of the composition between the reactive powder and the activator of the different components and the preferred compressive strength which can be achieved will be further described below.
如表1所示，本發明建築用膠結材料之反應粉體較佳係包含配比1及配比2；其中，配比1係以爐石粉作為主要成份，配比2則使用偏高嶺土及飛灰作為主要成份。如表2所示，產自煉鋼廠廢碴及礦碴粉的爐石粉係含有42.8%的氧化鈣(CaO)、33.52%的二氧化矽(SiO2)及14.42%的氧化鋁(Al2O3)，並可與如水泥熟料、石膏(CaSO4)、石灰石(CaO)及鹼金屬鹽類(M+x(OH)-y、M+x(CO3)-y、M+x(SiO4)-y、M+x(SO4)-y、M+x(HCO3)-y) 與上述之組合之其中之一所構成之第一鹼激發劑進行反應而形成膠凝材料。在較佳實施方式中，前述配比1之粉體係選自於爐石粉及水泥與上述之組合之其中之一，當粉體連同水(H2O)與含有鹼金族元素離子之第一鹼激發劑拌和，鹼金族元素離子與矽酸鹽產物進行水化反應形成類C-S-H膠體。 As shown in Table 1, the reaction powder of the cementitious material for building of the present invention preferably comprises a ratio of 1 and a ratio of 2; wherein, the proportion 1 is based on whetstone powder as the main component, and the ratio 2 is used as metakaolin and flying. Ash is the main ingredient. As shown in Table 2, the hearthstone powder from the steel mill waste and ore meal contains 42.8% calcium oxide (CaO), 33.52% cerium oxide (SiO 2 ) and 14.42% alumina (Al 2 ). O 3 ), and can be combined with, for example, cement clinker, gypsum (CaSO 4 ), limestone (CaO) and alkali metal salts (M+x(OH)-y, M+x(CO 3 )-y, M+x (SiO 4 )-y, M+x(SO 4 )-y, M+x(HCO 3 )-y) reacting with the first alkali activator composed of one of the above combinations to form a cementitious material . In a preferred embodiment, the powder system of the above ratio 1 is selected from one of the combination of hearth powder and cement and the above, when the powder is combined with water (H 2 O) and ions containing alkali metal element ions. The alkali promoter is mixed, and the alkali gold element ions are hydrated with the citrate product to form a CSH-like colloid.
此外，由於作為粉體主要成份之爐石粉係含有矽酸鹽產物並具有一矽含量及一鋁含量，因此第一鹼激發劑之鹼金族元素離子與鋁含量及矽含量間較佳係具有一元素莫耳比，當鋁含量與鹼金族元素離子及矽含量間形成之元素莫耳比係介於1：0.5：1.5至1：1.4：3之間，膠體結構硬化後之抗壓強度實質上係7700 psi，如圖4所示。在此，第一鹼激發劑較佳係為混合有2%矽酸鈉與10%碳酸鉀之鹼性溶液而可與爐石粉進行反應，因此前述之鹼金族元素離子較佳係包含鈉離子。然而在其他不同實施例中，鹼金族離子較佳亦可包含鉀離子或其他一價鹼金族離子，例如亦可使用相同比例之偏矽酸鉀及氫氧化鉀混合溶液與粉體進行反應而形成類C-S-H膠體。此外，當配比1之部份粉體成份另包含選自於水玻璃及石英砂與上述之組合之其中之一，該些粉體成份實質上可與水混合形成矽酸鈉溶液而作為激發劑之用。 In addition, since the hearth powder as the main component of the powder contains a citrate product and has a bismuth content and an aluminum content, the alkali metal element ion of the first alkali activator preferably has an aluminum content and a strontium content. The elemental molar ratio, when the elemental molar ratio between the aluminum content and the alkali metal element ion and strontium content is between 1:0.5:1.5 and 1:1.4:3, the compressive strength of the colloidal structure after hardening Essentially 7700 psi, as shown in Figure 4. Here, the first alkali activator is preferably an alkaline solution in which 2% sodium citrate and 10% potassium carbonate are mixed to react with the whey powder, so that the alkali metal element ions preferably contain sodium ions. . However, in other different embodiments, the alkali gold ion preferably further comprises potassium ions or other monovalent alkali metal ions. For example, the same ratio of potassium metasilicate potassium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide solution can be used to react with the powder. The formation of a CSH-like colloid. In addition, when a part of the powder component of the ratio 1 further comprises one selected from the group consisting of water glass and quartz sand, the powder component is substantially mixed with water to form a sodium citrate solution as an excitation. For the use of agents.
如表1所示，配比2係以偏高嶺土及飛灰作為反應粉體之主要成份。由表2之成分表可知，產自火力發電廠 灰燼與粉煤灰之飛灰，及源自火山灰之偏高嶺土均含有較高成份比例之二氧化矽(SiO2)及氧化鋁(Al2O3)，且兩者均含非常少量之鈣成份。在較佳實施方式中，前述配比2之粉體係選自於偏高嶺土及飛灰與上述之組合之其中之一，當粉體連同第二激發劑與水拌和，鹼金族元素離子與矽酸鹽產物進行酸鹼反應形成鋁矽酸鹽膠體。由表3之較佳實施例所示，當個別使用硫酸納、氫氧化鈉及矽酸鈉鹼性溶液等作為單一激發劑時，偏高嶺土並未能被有效激發而生成硬固之膠凝材料；可是若將前述之鹼性溶液混合形成複方高濃度激發劑時，以氫氧化鈉+矽酸鈉溶液=5：2之配比為例，則由偏高嶺土所形成之凝結材料其7天抗壓強度可達1200psi。由此可知，第二鹼激發劑較佳係為複方激發劑-在此較佳實施例中即為包含有混合氫氧化鈉及矽酸鈉之鹼性溶液，且氫氧化鈉及矽酸鈉混合溶液較佳係依比例製備而成。如表3所示，由於氫氧化鈉與矽酸鈉間具有一莫耳濃度比，經試驗發現，當第二鹼激發劑中之氫氧化鈉與矽酸鈉溶液間所形成之莫耳濃度百分比介於10%~30%時，其七天強度可達8000psi；當氫氧化鈉與矽酸鈉間形成之莫耳濃度百分比係介於30%~50%，膠體結構硬化後之抗壓強度實質上係10400 psi，可達傳統水泥之抗壓強度。此外，當配比2之部份粉體成份係另外選自於水玻璃及石英砂與上述之組合之其中之一，該些粉體成份實質上即可與水混合形 成矽酸鈉溶液而作為激發劑之用。 As shown in Table 1, the ratio 2 is based on metakaolin and fly ash as the main components of the reaction powder. It can be seen from the composition table of Table 2 that fly ash from ash and fly ash from thermal power plants and metakaolin from volcanic ash contain high proportion of cerium oxide (SiO 2 ) and alumina (Al 2 O). 3 ), and both contain a very small amount of calcium. In a preferred embodiment, the powder system of the foregoing ratio 2 is selected from one of metakaolin and fly ash and a combination thereof. When the powder is mixed with water with the second activator, the alkali gold element ions and strontium The acid salt product undergoes an acid-base reaction to form an aluminosilicate colloid. As shown in the preferred embodiment of Table 3, when sodium sulphate, sodium hydroxide and sodium citrate alkaline solution are used as a single activator, metakaolin is not effectively excited to form a hard cementitious material. However, if the above alkaline solution is mixed to form a compound high-concentration activator, the ratio of sodium hydroxide + sodium citrate solution = 5:2 is taken as an example, and the coagulation material formed by metakaolin is resistant to 7 days. The compressive strength can reach 1200 psi. It can be seen that the second alkali activator is preferably a compound activator - in the preferred embodiment, an alkaline solution containing mixed sodium hydroxide and sodium citrate, and mixed with sodium hydroxide and sodium citrate. The solution is preferably prepared in a ratio. As shown in Table 3, due to the molar concentration ratio between sodium hydroxide and sodium citrate, it was found through experiments that the percentage of molar concentration formed between the sodium hydroxide and sodium citrate solution in the second alkali activator Between 10% and 30%, the strength of the seven days can reach 8000 psi; when the percentage of molar concentration formed between sodium hydroxide and sodium citrate is between 30% and 50%, the compressive strength after hardening of the colloidal structure is substantially It is 10400 psi, which can reach the compressive strength of traditional cement. In addition, when a part of the powder component of the ratio 2 is additionally selected from one of water glass and quartz sand and the combination of the above, the powder components can be substantially mixed with water to form a sodium citrate solution. For the use of an activator.
由於本發明之建築用膠結材料其反應過程中所使用之[Si]、[Al]、[M](鹼金族元素離子如K+、Na+)間具有特定之組成比例，因此為進一步探究在何種濃度比例下，本發明之建築用膠結材料可達到較高之抗壓性並具有較佳之力學性質，本發明同時以飛灰：高嶺土：激發劑=9：1：0.5所調配成之泥漿與砂以1：2之比例調製成砂漿後，再與粗骨材以1：1之比例製備形成混凝土進行試驗以探討不同激發劑組成與濃度對抗壓強度之影響。在此較佳實施例中，激發劑之種類係包含Na2SiO3、NaOH與KOH等鹼性溶液，實驗變數則分別為[OH-]：5、10M；[SiO2]：0、0.5、1.0、2.5M；以及氯鹽(KCl)與碳酸鹽(K2CO3)各0.32M。經試驗結果發現，當[SiO2]濃度>2.5M，本發明建築用膠結材料之強度明顯提升；若分別就5M[OH-]與10M[OH-]做比較，可發現當[OH-]濃度越高，骨材漿體之握裹力越佳，且其強度也越高；相反地，當[Cl-]濃度越高，抗壓強度與握裹應力則相應地為低，至於[CI3 2-]濃度則對強度則影響不大。 Since the cementitious material for building of the present invention has a specific composition ratio between [Si], [Al], [M] (alkali gold group ion such as K + , Na + ) used in the reaction process, it is further explored. At what concentration ratio, the cementitious material for building of the invention can achieve higher pressure resistance and better mechanical properties, and the invention is simultaneously formulated with fly ash: kaolin: activator=9:1:0.5. Mud and sand were prepared into a mortar at a ratio of 1:2, and then concrete was prepared in a ratio of 1:1 with the coarse aggregate to test the effect of different activator composition and concentration against compressive strength. In the preferred embodiment, the type of the activator comprises an alkaline solution such as Na 2 SiO 3 , NaOH and KOH, and the experimental variables are [OH-]: 5, 10 M; [SiO 2 ]: 0, 0.5, respectively. 1.0, 2.5 M; and 0.32 M each of the chloride salt (KCl) and the carbonate (K 2 CO 3 ). It is found through experiments that when the [SiO 2 ] concentration is >2.5M, the strength of the cementitious material for construction of the present invention is significantly improved; if 5M[OH - ] is compared with 10M[OH - ] respectively, it can be found that when [OH - ] The higher the concentration, the better the grip strength of the aggregate slurry and the higher its strength; conversely, the higher the [Cl - ] concentration, the lower the compressive strength and the grip stress, as for [CI 3 2- ] concentration has little effect on strength.
此外，前述之試驗結果亦發現，若就激發劑成份比例之角度來看，當激發劑之組成比例為矽酸鈉：水≒55：45時，係可達到較佳之抗壓強度。此外，若就元素比例的角度觀之，如表4及其長條圖圖5所示，當Na/Al=0.9時，試體將具有最佳的力學性質；並且，如表5及其長 條圖圖6所示，當Si/Al=2.0時，試體亦具有最佳的力學性質，因此可確認Na：Si：Al=0.9：2：1時，力學性質最為理想，可達523 kgf/cm2，如表6及其長條圖圖7所示。在此較佳實施例中，如圖8所示，在相同水膠比(W/B=0.55)下，本發明之建築用膠結材料在強度方面係具有早強特性，且其早期強度為傳統水泥之2倍。此外，就材料之耐熱性與其殘餘強度做比較，本發明之建築用膠結材料其殘餘強度比(即高溫後強度與高溫前強度之比值)，將如圖9所示，呈現較為耐熱抗高溫之特性。 In addition, the above test results also found that, in terms of the ratio of the composition of the activator, when the composition ratio of the activator is sodium citrate: water mash 55:45, the better compressive strength can be achieved. In addition, if the angle of the element is viewed as shown in Table 4 and its bar graph, Figure 5, when Na/Al = 0.9, the test piece will have the best mechanical properties; and, as shown in Table 5 and its length As shown in Fig. 6, when the Si/Al=2.0, the test piece also has the best mechanical properties, so it can be confirmed that when Na:Si:Al=0.9:2:1, the mechanical properties are the most ideal, up to 523 kgf. /cm 2 , as shown in Table 6 and its bar graph Figure 7. In the preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, at the same water-to-binder ratio (W/B = 0.55), the cementitious material for construction of the present invention has early strength characteristics in terms of strength, and its early strength is conventional. 2 times the cement. In addition, in comparison with the heat resistance of the material and its residual strength, the residual strength ratio of the cementitious material for construction of the present invention (ie, the ratio of the strength after high temperature to the strength before high temperature) will be more heat and temperature resistant as shown in FIG. characteristic.
綜上所述，目前掌握之無鈣系水泥相比，強度可達10000psi，達到傳統水泥之強度要求，因此本發明之建築用膠結材料較佳係可用於膠結混凝土結構物之級配與粒料。此處所言之粒料，較佳係包含但不限於粗骨材、細骨材(砂)、人造輕質骨材(燒結型飛灰輕質骨材；人造燒結黏土；發泡爐石；膨脹頁岩、黏土、片岩等)、天然輕質骨材(蛭石；浮石；矽藻石；珍珠石等)、膨脹苯乙烯粒(保麗龍)等輕質骨材與上述之組合之其中之一，並可作為住宅、辦公室之室內隔間及其他結構體...等之用。然而在不同實施例中，本發明之建築用膠結材料亦可用於包含廠房建築、倉儲建築之室內隔間與其他結構體。 In summary, the strength of the currently available calcium-free cement can reach 10,000 psi, which meets the strength requirements of traditional cement. Therefore, the cementing material for construction of the present invention is preferably used for the grading and granulation of cemented concrete structures. . The pellets referred to herein preferably include, but are not limited to, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate (sand), artificial lightweight aggregate (sintered fly ash lightweight aggregate; artificial sintered clay; foamed hearth; expansion One of the combination of lightweight aggregates such as shale, clay, schist, etc., natural lightweight aggregate (meteorite; pumice; diatomite; pearl stone, etc.), expanded styrene (styro) It can also be used as a residential, office indoor compartment and other structures...etc. However, in various embodiments, the cementitious materials for construction of the present invention can also be used in interior compartments and other structures including plant buildings, warehouse buildings.
本發明已由上述相關實施例加以描述，然而上述實施例僅為實施本發明之範例。必需指出的是，已揭露之實施例並未限制本發明之範圍。相反地，包含於申請專利 範圍之精神及範圍之修改及均等設置均包含於本發明之範圍內。 The present invention has been described by the above-described related embodiments, but the above embodiments are merely examples for implementing the present invention. It must be noted that the disclosed embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. Conversely, included in the patent application Modifications and equal arrangements of the spirit and scope of the scope are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
1‧‧‧生料磨 1‧‧‧ Raw mill
2‧‧‧旋窯 2‧‧‧ Rotary Kiln
3‧‧‧熟料磨 3‧‧‧Clinker grinding
4‧‧‧水泥磨 4‧‧‧Cement grinding
5‧‧‧水泥庫 5‧‧‧ Cement store
6‧‧‧FeO3 6‧‧‧FeO 3
圖1所示為一般水泥之製造流程之示意圖；圖2所示為本發明建築用膠結材料粉體級配之示意圖；圖3所示為本發明建築用膠結材料反應形成之膠體結構之示意圖；圖4所示為本發明建築用膠結材料之一較佳實施例；圖5所示為本發明建築用膠結材料之一較佳實施例；圖6所示為本發明建築用膠結材料之一較佳實施例；圖7所示為本發明建築用膠結材料之一較佳實施例；圖8所示為本發明建築用膠結材料之一較佳實施例；圖9所示為本發明建築用膠結材料之一較佳實施例。 1 is a schematic view showing a manufacturing process of a general cement; FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a powder grading of a cementitious material for building according to the present invention; and FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a colloidal structure formed by reacting a cementing material for building according to the present invention; 4 is a preferred embodiment of the cementing material for construction of the present invention; FIG. 5 is a preferred embodiment of the cementing material for building construction of the present invention; and FIG. 6 is a view showing one of the cementing materials for construction of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Figure 7 is a preferred embodiment of a cementitious material for construction of the present invention; Figure 8 is a preferred embodiment of a cementitious material for construction of the present invention; One preferred embodiment of the material.
Claims (11)
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