TWI382637B - The physical circuit as a power correction circuit for the energy storage element - Google Patents
The physical circuit as a power correction circuit for the energy storage element Download PDFInfo
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- TWI382637B TWI382637B TW097127239A TW97127239A TWI382637B TW I382637 B TWI382637 B TW I382637B TW 097127239 A TW097127239 A TW 097127239A TW 97127239 A TW97127239 A TW 97127239A TW I382637 B TWI382637 B TW I382637B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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Description
一種無電解電容作為儲能元件的功因校正電路，特別是用於改善電源供應器的功因校正電路中電容元件之衰退。 An electroless capacitor is used as a power factor correction circuit for an energy storage component, and particularly for improving the degradation of a capacitor component in a power factor correction circuit of a power supply.
現今電源供應器已普遍應用於各種電子產品，且技術不斷精進，其輸出功率亦不斷上升，為了更進一步提高功率，勢必要提高工作之效率；影響電源供應器效率的因數主要包含輸入電力之功率因數以及轉換電力時的損耗，其中電源供應器中的功因校正單元(Power Factor Correction，簡稱為PFC)即為改善輸入電力功率因數的重要電路，尤其是主動式功因校正單元更將工作效率提高至80%以上，而包含該功因校正單元的電源供應器係取得一輸入電力，該輸入電力經過一整流單元後由該功因校正單元調變該輸入電力之相位，再經由一電力轉換單元調變為輸出電壓，其中該電力轉換單元可為一轉換器(Converter)或者為一切換式之轉換電路，而其中該功因校正單元與該電力轉換單元則分別依據一控制單元之控制運作，其中典型的功因校正單元包含一開關元件、一電感元件、一電容元件以及該控制單元，其中該控制單元自該功因校正單元後端取得一回授訊號以產生一週期控制訊號驅動該開關元件，而令該電感元件與該電容元件調變該輸入電力之相位，該功因校正單元之工作原理為該技術領域具一般知識者所熟知，故不再贅述；惟，習知的功因校正單元亦有其使用壽命，大部份的 功因校正單元的故障皆因其中的電容元件在長期吸收輸入電力的電力波動下壽命會較快衰減，且為了吸收該電力波動，必須選用電容值較大、耐壓高的電解電容元件，因而成本無法降低，請參閱圖1與圖2所示，其中vg代表輸入電力之電壓，vCB代表該功因校正單元之電容元件之電壓，而v0為後端電力轉換單元之輸出電壓，其中該輸入電力之電壓vg與輸入電力之電流iin的乘積即為輸入電力之暫態輸入功率pin(如圖2所示)，功率的波動愈大，該電容元件所需吸收與釋放的能量愈大，造成該電容元件的快速衰退；參照圖1與圖2可知，輸入電力vg具有很大的波動，而該功因校正電路之輸出vCB則形成一接近直線之電壓，可見輸入電力之功率波動幾乎都為該電容元件所吸收，如此雖可提供高功率因數，但電容元件承受較大的衝擊，容易衰退與損毀；上述習知功因校正單元因壽命受限於電容的衰減，搭配工作壽命長的電子元件會造成浪費，例如驅動發光二極體的驅動電路中利用上述習知的功因校正單元時，由於發光二極體本身至少具有十萬小時的壽命，但由於該電容元件的衰減，造成該功因校正單元可能幾千小時就已無法工作(該電解電容元件的平均壽命)，此時鋪設該功因校正單元的電路板以及焊接於其上的發光二極體皆必須一併更換，使該發光二極體使用還不到其壽命一半的時候就必須連同整個電路板一同廢棄，造成額外的浪費與成本增加；藉由上述例子可知，習知功因校正單元的壽命受限於該電容元件為必須解決的問題。 Nowadays, power supplies have been widely used in various electronic products, and the technology is constantly improving. The output power is also rising. In order to further improve the power, it is necessary to improve the efficiency of the work; the factors affecting the efficiency of the power supply mainly include the power of the input power. The factor and the loss when converting power. The Power Factor Correction (PFC) in the power supply is an important circuit to improve the input power factor, especially the active power factor correction unit. Increasing to 80% or more, and the power supply including the power factor correcting unit obtains an input power, and the input power passes through a rectifying unit, and the power factor correcting unit modulates the phase of the input power, and then converts the power through the power. The unit is tuned to an output voltage, wherein the power conversion unit can be a converter or a switching conversion circuit, wherein the power factor correction unit and the power conversion unit operate according to a control unit a typical power factor correction unit comprising a switching element and an inductive element a capacitor component and the control unit, wherein the control unit obtains a feedback signal from the back end of the power factor correction unit to generate a period control signal to drive the switching component, and the inductor component and the capacitor component modulate the input power The phase, the working principle of the power factor correction unit is well known to those skilled in the art, and therefore will not be described again; however, the conventional power factor correction unit also has a service life, and most of the power factor correction unit The faults of the capacitors are attenuated by the power fluctuation of the long-term absorption of the input power, and in order to absorb the fluctuation of the power, an electrolytic capacitor component having a large capacitance value and a high withstand voltage must be selected, so that the cost cannot be reduced. Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, wherein v g represents the voltage of the input power, v CB represents the voltage of the capacitive component of the power correction unit, and v 0 is the output voltage of the back-end power conversion unit, wherein the input power the voltage v g of the product of the input current i in the power transient is the input power of the input power p in (2), the greater the fluctuation of the power, the capacitor Absorbing and releasing member required greater energy, causing rapid decay of the capacitive element; understood with reference to FIG 1 and FIG 2, the input power having large fluctuations v G, and the power factor correction circuit of the output v of a CB is formed Close to the voltage of the straight line, it can be seen that the power fluctuation of the input power is almost absorbed by the capacitive component. Although the high power factor can be provided, the capacitive component is subjected to a large impact and is easily degraded and damaged; the above-mentioned conventional power factor correction unit is affected by the life. Limited to the attenuation of the capacitor, it is wasteful to use the electronic component with a long working life. For example, when the above-mentioned power factor correction unit is used in the driving circuit for driving the light-emitting diode, since the light-emitting diode itself has at least 100,000 hours. Lifetime, but due to the attenuation of the capacitive element, the power unit may not work for several thousand hours (the average life of the electrolytic capacitor element), and the circuit board of the power correction unit is laid and soldered thereon. The light-emitting diodes must be replaced together, so that the light-emitting diode must be used together with the entire circuit when it is less than half of its life. Dumped together, resulting in additional waste and cost; seen by the above example, the life of a conventional power factor correction unit is limited to the capacitive element to the problem must be solved.
有鑑於習知功因校正單元的壽命受限於電容元件的壽命，因此本發明的目的即在於提供一種控制策略改善習知的缺失，延長該電容元件與該功因校正單元的使用壽命。 In view of the fact that the life of the correction unit is limited by the life of the capacitor element, it is an object of the present invention to provide a control strategy to improve the lack of conventionality and to extend the service life of the capacitor element and the power factor correction unit.
本發明為一種無電解電容作為儲能元件的功因校正電路，該電源供應器具有一功因校正電路以及一電力轉換單元，其特徵在於該功因校正電路具有一無電解電容器，該電力轉換單元具有一切換調變迴路，該電源供應器取得一輸入電力，該輸入電力的波動振幅E區分為一第一振幅能量E1與一第二振幅能量E2，而透過該無電解電容器吸收該第一振幅能量E1，而經過該功因校正電路後該輸入電力仍具有第二振幅能量E2的波動，並由該切換調變迴路將具有該第二振幅能量E2而調變為直流電力以形成恆壓的輸出電力；上述技術使得該功因校正電路的輸出電壓並非習知電路輸出的恒定電壓，而是具有大紋波的電壓，如此即可大幅度減小儲能電容容值，達到延長該功因校正電路壽命的效果；與習知技術相比對，由於習知功因校正電路中的電容元件容量很大，因而習知功因校正電路的輸出電壓幾乎就是恒定的電壓，本發明採用小容量的電容元件吸收輸入功率中的第一振幅能量E1，使得功因校正電路的輸出電壓不再是傳統功因校正電路輸出的恒定電壓，而是具有大紋波的電壓，如此即可大幅度減小儲能電容容值，達到延長該功因校正電路壽命的效果。 The invention provides an electroless capacitor as a power factor correction circuit for an energy storage component, the power supply device having a power factor correction circuit and a power conversion unit, wherein the power factor correction circuit has an electroless capacitor, the power conversion unit Having a switching modulation circuit, the power supply obtains an input power, and the fluctuation amplitude E of the input power is divided into a first amplitude energy E 1 and a second amplitude energy E 2 , and the first absorption energy E 2 is absorbed through the electroless capacitor An amplitude energy E 1 , and the input power still has a fluctuation of the second amplitude energy E 2 after passing through the power factor correction circuit, and the switching amplitude modulation circuit will have the second amplitude energy E 2 and be converted into DC power To form a constant voltage output power; the above technique makes the output voltage of the power factor correction circuit not a constant voltage output by a conventional circuit, but a voltage having a large ripple, so that the capacitance of the storage capacitor can be greatly reduced. The effect of prolonging the life of the correction circuit is extended; compared with the prior art, since the capacity of the capacitance element in the conventional power correction circuit is large, Known power factor correction circuit of the output voltage of the voltage is almost constant, the present invention employs small capacity capacitor element absorbs a first amplitude input power energy E 1, so that the output voltage of the power factor correction circuit is no longer a conventional power factor correction circuit The constant voltage of the output is a voltage with a large ripple, so that the capacitance of the storage capacitor can be greatly reduced, thereby prolonging the effect of the life of the correction circuit.
請參閱圖3，圖中所示為實施本發明的電路圖，其中該電源供應器具有一整流電路1、一功因校正電路2與一電力轉換單元3，其中該功因校正電路2與該電力轉換單元3分別具有一控制單元21、31驅動其工作，該功因校正電路2藉由該控制單元21切換一開關元件的導通而調變電力相位的技術手段為該技術領域具有通常知識者所熟知，故不再贅述；圖3中的電路取得一輸入電力，透過整流後的輸入電力vg具有電壓與電流的波動，兩者相乘將產生一較大的功率波動(如圖2所示的習知功率波形)，請再參閱圖4至圖6，圖4所示為該輸入電力的電壓vg波形，其中，我們在該輸入電力的電壓vg的波峰值V2與波谷值V1(V1可為0)之間定義為一輸入電力的波動振幅E，並且將該波動振幅E區分為一第一振幅能量E1與一第二振幅能量E2，其中該第一振幅能量E1與該第二振幅能量E2平均值相加的和等於該輸入電力的波動振幅E的平均值，該功因校正電路2具有一無電解電容器22，該電力轉換單元3具有一切換調變迴路32，該無電解電容器22容許該輸入電力通過並自該波動振幅E中吸收該第一振幅能量E1，令通過該功因校正電路2的輸入電力調變為具有第二振幅能量E2的電力(如圖5所示的vCB)，而圖5中的功率曲線pc為該功因校正電路2所輸出的功率，雖該功因校正電路2僅吸收部份的功率波動，但由於後級電力轉換單元3為定功率的負載，因此該功因校正電路2輸出為定功率，但電壓vCB仍具有第二振幅能量E2的波動未完全吸收；再請參閱圖6，該圖所示為該功因校正電路2輸出的電壓vCB透過該切換調變迴路32調變輸出的恆定輸出電壓V0，經該功因 校正電路2調變後輸入電力vCB再送至該切換調變迴路32，通過該切換調變迴路32的高頻調變，最終使得該切換調變迴路32將具有該第二振幅能量E2的電壓vCB調變為非常接近直流的電力以形成恆定的輸出電壓V0；與習知技術相比對，由於習知功因校正電路中的電容元件容量很大，因而習知功因校正電路2的輸出電壓幾乎就是恒定的電壓，本發明的無電解電容器22可採用小容量的電容元件吸收輸入功率中的第一振幅能量E1，而該輸入電力仍具有第二振幅能量E2的波動，如圖7所示，圖7與圖1所示的波形相比對後可知，本發明功因校正電路2調變後的電壓不再是傳統功因校正電路2輸出的恒定電壓，而是具有大紋波的電壓，之後該大紋波的電壓再通過該切換調變迴路32，使得最終得到恒壓輸出電壓Vo。 Referring to FIG. 3, there is shown a circuit diagram for implementing the present invention, wherein the power supply has a rectifier circuit 1, a power factor correction circuit 2 and a power conversion unit 3, wherein the power factor correction circuit 2 and the power conversion The unit 3 has a control unit 21, 31 for driving its operation, and the technical means for the power factor correction circuit 2 to modulate the power phase by switching the conduction of a switching element by the control unit 21 is well known to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the circuit in FIG. 3 obtains an input power, and the rectified input power v g has voltage and current fluctuations, and multiplication of the two will generate a large power fluctuation (as shown in FIG. 2 ). The conventional power waveform), please refer to FIG. 4 to FIG. 6. FIG. 4 shows the voltage v g waveform of the input power, wherein the peak value V 2 and the valley value V 1 of the voltage v g of the input power are (V 1 may be 0) is defined as a fluctuation amplitude E of an input power, and the fluctuation amplitude E is divided into a first amplitude energy E 1 and a second amplitude energy E 2 , wherein the first amplitude energy E a second amplitude and the average energy E 2 The sum is equal to the average of the fluctuation amplitude E of the input power, and the power factor correction circuit 2 has an electroless capacitor 22 having a switching modulation circuit 32 that allows the input The power passes through and absorbs the first amplitude energy E 1 from the fluctuation amplitude E, and the input power passed through the power factor correction circuit 2 is modulated into power having the second amplitude energy E 2 (v CB as shown in FIG. 5). And the power curve p c in FIG. 5 is the power output by the power factor correction circuit 2, although the power factor correction circuit 2 only absorbs part of the power fluctuation, but since the power stage conversion unit 3 is a constant power Load, so the power factor correction circuit 2 outputs a constant power, but the voltage v CB still has the second amplitude energy E 2 fluctuation is not completely absorbed; again, please refer to FIG. 6 , which shows the power factor correction circuit 2 output The voltage v CB is modulated by the switching modulation circuit 32 to regulate the constant output voltage V 0 of the output, and the input power v CB is modulated by the power factor correction circuit 2 and sent to the switching modulation circuit 32, and the switching modulation circuit is passed through the switching voltage modulation circuit. 32 high frequency modulation, eventually making this The switching modulation circuit 32 adjusts the voltage v CB having the second amplitude energy E 2 to a power very close to direct current to form a constant output voltage V 0 ; compared with the prior art, due to the conventional power factor correction circuit The capacitive element has a large capacity, so that the output voltage of the conventional correction circuit 2 is almost constant voltage, and the electroless capacitor 22 of the present invention can absorb the first amplitude energy E 1 of the input power by a small-capacity capacitive element, and the input The power still has the fluctuation of the second amplitude energy E 2 . As shown in FIG. 7 , FIG. 7 is compared with the waveform shown in FIG. 1 , and the voltage after the modulation of the power factor correction circuit 2 of the present invention is no longer the conventional power. Due to the constant voltage outputted by the correction circuit 2, a voltage having a large ripple is passed, and then the voltage of the large ripple passes through the switching modulation circuit 32, so that a constant voltage output voltage V o is finally obtained.
藉由上述的技術手段，本發明的功因校正電路2可利用電容值較小的電容元件(如薄膜電容)作為該無電解電容器22，可大幅縮小該電容元件的成本與減少該電容元件吸收及釋放的功率波動，達到延長該功因校正電路2壽命的效果，並且另具有成本較低、縮小體積的優點。 According to the above technical means, the power factor correction circuit 2 of the present invention can use a capacitor element having a small capacitance value (such as a film capacitor) as the electroless capacitor 22, which can greatly reduce the cost of the capacitor element and reduce the absorption of the capacitor element. And the power fluctuation of the release achieves the effect of prolonging the life of the correction circuit 2, and has the advantages of lower cost and reduced volume.
雖然本發明已以較佳實施例揭露如上，然其並非用以限定本發明，上述的切換調變迴路32可為一返馳式電路，而其中該輸入電力經該功因校正電路2調變後，該輸入電力的第二振幅能量E2的電壓是介於360V至520V之間，任何熟習此技藝者，在不脫離本發明的精神和範圍內而所作的些許更動與潤飾，皆應涵蓋於本發明中，因此本發明的保護範圍當視後附的申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. The switching modulation circuit 32 may be a flyback circuit in which the input power is modulated by the power factor correction circuit 2. Thereafter, the voltage of the second amplitude energy E 2 of the input power is between 360V and 520V, and any changes and refinements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered. In the present invention, the scope of the present invention is therefore defined by the scope of the appended claims.
綜上所述，本發明較習知技術增進上述功效，應已充分符合新穎性及進步性的法定創新專利要件，爰依法提出申請，懇請 貴局核准本件發明專利申請案，以勵創作，至感德便。 In summary, the present invention improves the above-mentioned effects more well than the prior art, and should fully comply with the novelty and progressive statutory innovation patent requirements, and submits an application according to law, and invites you to approve the invention patent application to encourage creation. Feeling the virtues.
1‧‧‧整流電路 1‧‧‧Rectifier circuit
2‧‧‧功因校正電路 2‧‧‧Power factor correction circuit
21‧‧‧控制單元 21‧‧‧Control unit
22‧‧‧無電解電容器 22‧‧‧Electroless capacitors
3‧‧‧電力轉換單元 3‧‧‧Power Conversion Unit
31‧‧‧控制單元 31‧‧‧Control unit
32‧‧‧切換調變迴路 32‧‧‧Switching modulation circuit
圖1為習知技術之電壓波形圖。 FIG. 1 is a voltage waveform diagram of a prior art.
圖2為習知技術之功率與電壓、電流之波形圖。 2 is a waveform diagram of power, voltage, and current of the prior art.
圖3為實施本發明之電路架構圖。 Figure 3 is a circuit diagram showing the implementation of the present invention.
圖4為本發明調變之波形圖(一)。 Fig. 4 is a waveform diagram (1) of the modulation of the present invention.
圖5為本發明調變之波形圖(二)。 Fig. 5 is a waveform diagram (2) of the modulation of the present invention.
圖6為本發明調變之波形圖(三)。 Fig. 6 is a waveform diagram (3) of the modulation of the present invention.
圖7為本發明之電壓波形圖。 Figure 7 is a voltage waveform diagram of the present invention.
Claims (4)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| TW097127239A TWI382637B (en) | 2008-07-18 | 2008-07-18 | The physical circuit as a power correction circuit for the energy storage element |
| US12/496,025 US8102165B2 (en) | 2008-07-17 | 2009-07-01 | Means of eliminating electrolytic capacitor as the energy storage component in the single phase AD/DC two-stage converter |
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| TW097127239A TWI382637B (en) | 2008-07-18 | 2008-07-18 | The physical circuit as a power correction circuit for the energy storage element |
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| TW201006106A TW201006106A (en) | 2010-02-01 |
| TWI382637B true TWI382637B (en) | 2013-01-11 |
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| US9300217B2 (en) | 2013-12-25 | 2016-03-29 | National Cheng Kung University | Electrolytic capacitor-less AC/DC converter and controlling method thereof |
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| TWI442811B (en) | 2011-05-27 | 2014-06-21 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Light source driving device |
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| TWM312840U (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2007-05-21 | Ching-Ming Lai | Single level logic connection controlled power converter characterized by high power factor |
| TW200803145A (en) * | 2006-06-01 | 2008-01-01 | hui-ji Lin | Bidirectional high-performance power converter |
| TWM329290U (en) * | 2007-10-09 | 2008-03-21 | Hipro Electronics Taiwan Co Ltd | Single stage power factor calibrating circuitry |
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| TW200803145A (en) * | 2006-06-01 | 2008-01-01 | hui-ji Lin | Bidirectional high-performance power converter |
| TWM312840U (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2007-05-21 | Ching-Ming Lai | Single level logic connection controlled power converter characterized by high power factor |
| TWM329290U (en) * | 2007-10-09 | 2008-03-21 | Hipro Electronics Taiwan Co Ltd | Single stage power factor calibrating circuitry |
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| US9300217B2 (en) | 2013-12-25 | 2016-03-29 | National Cheng Kung University | Electrolytic capacitor-less AC/DC converter and controlling method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| TW201006106A (en) | 2010-02-01 |
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