TWI382218B - Ocb mode lc display and method of fabricating thereof - Google Patents
Ocb mode lc display and method of fabricating thereof Download PDFInfo
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本發明是有關於一種光學補償雙折射(optically compensated birefringence，OCB)型液晶盒(LC display)的製作方法，且特別是有關於一種無需經斜展(splay)態至彎曲(bend)態轉換的OCB型液晶盒及其製作方法。The present invention relates to a method for fabricating an optically compensated birefringence (OCB) type liquid crystal cell (LC display), and more particularly to a method that does not require a splay state to a bend state transition. OCB type liquid crystal cell and its manufacturing method.
因應液晶顯示器之動態影像品質需求，各類快速反應液晶顯示技術不斷地被提出，其中一種即為光學補償雙折射(OCB)型顯示模式。由於OCB顯示模式具備廣視角及快速反應(小於5ms)等特性，所以一些針對OCB在驅動與暗態補償之相關技術已經被廣泛研究。In response to the dynamic image quality requirements of liquid crystal displays, various types of rapid response liquid crystal display technologies have been continuously proposed, one of which is an optically compensated birefringence (OCB) type display mode. Due to the wide viewing angle and fast response (less than 5ms) of the OCB display mode, some related technologies for OCB in driving and dark state compensation have been extensively studied.
但是目前OCB最大的缺點就是需要經過一個斜展(sp1ay)態至彎曲(bend)態的轉換過程才能到達顯示器的驅動區間，這使得一般OCB需要一高電壓進行轉態動作，才能開始進行顯示驅動；而較高的電壓除了使液晶面板之製造過程面臨需要較高的成本外，也可能會對液晶面板造成的傷害。因此，於西元1997年所提出的美國專利US6437844 B1提供一種OCB種晶(seed)的設計，主要是在面板中設計一些較高預傾角區域來當作OCB液晶盒的種晶，以加速OCB的前述轉換。不過，這種OCB液晶盒仍然需要較高電壓來使液晶盒內的液晶由斜展態轉換至彎曲態，並仍須使用較高的操作電壓。而且，需使用蝕刻顯影等步驟製作高預傾 角區域，所以這個專利之製程非常繁複。However, the biggest shortcoming of OCB at present is that it needs to go through a ramping (sp1ay) state to a bend state to reach the driving range of the display. This makes the general OCB need a high voltage to perform the shifting operation before starting the display driving. The higher voltage, in addition to the high cost of the manufacturing process of the liquid crystal panel, may also cause damage to the liquid crystal panel. Therefore, U.S. Patent No. 6,437,784 B1, which was issued in 1997, provides an OCB seed design, mainly by designing some high pretilt areas in the panel to serve as seed crystals for the OCB liquid crystal cell to accelerate the OCB. The aforementioned conversion. However, such OCB liquid crystal cells still require a higher voltage to cause the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal cell to be switched from a tilted state to a bent state, and still require a higher operating voltage. Moreover, it is necessary to use a process such as etching and development to make a high pretilt. The corner area, so the process of this patent is very complicated.
在西元2002年所提出的美國專利US6597424 B2另提供一種OCB種晶的設計，主要是在面板中的電極區邊緣設計一些側向的突出物(protrusion)來當作OCB液晶盒的種晶，以加速OCB的前述轉換。不過，這種OCB液晶盒仍然需要較高電壓來使液晶盒內的液晶由斜展態轉換至彎曲態，並仍須使用較高的操作電壓。而且，這種方式所形成的種晶數目有限，且均勻度不佳。U.S. Patent No. 6,579,724 B2, issued in 2002, also provides an OCB seed crystal design, mainly by designing some lateral protrusions at the edge of the electrode region in the panel to serve as a seed crystal of the OCB liquid crystal cell. Accelerate the aforementioned conversion of OCB. However, such OCB liquid crystal cells still require a higher voltage to cause the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal cell to be switched from a tilted state to a bent state, and still require a higher operating voltage. Moreover, the number of seed crystals formed in this manner is limited and the uniformity is not good.
此外，在西元2001年所提出的美國專利US6710832 B2還提供一種OCB種晶的設計，是在面板的內表面設計一些“非均勻的配向表面”，而使部分區域的液晶排列角度(預傾角)較大，以致液晶盒在進行驅動時，能增加轉換種晶(Transition Seed)產生的機會，進而加速斜展態至彎曲態的轉換。然而，這種方式仍然需要較高電壓來使液晶盒內的液晶由斜展態轉換至彎曲態，並仍須使用較高的操作電壓。而且除了不能量化控制所形成的種晶數目以外，也很容易造成漏光的現象。In addition, U.S. Patent No. 6,710,832 B2, which was proposed in PCT 2001, also provides an OCB seed crystal design in which some "non-uniform alignment surfaces" are designed on the inner surface of the panel, and the liquid crystal alignment angle (pretilt angle) of the partial regions is made. Larger, so that when the liquid crystal cell is driven, it can increase the chance of switching seed seed, thereby accelerating the transition from the oblique state to the curved state. However, this method still requires a higher voltage to switch the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal cell from the oblique state to the curved state, and still requires a higher operating voltage. Moreover, in addition to the fact that the number of seed crystals formed by the control cannot be quantified, it is easy to cause light leakage.
再者，於西元2002年所提出的美國專利US6859246 B2則提供一種OCB種晶的設計，是在面板中的非顯示區設計一些“由陣列傾斜(Slant Surface)結構組合成的鋸齒狀表面(Saw－Tooth)”，使得在此區域的液晶排列為高預傾角排列，並在液晶盒驅動時當作OCB液晶盒的種晶，以加速OCB的前述轉換。不過，這種OCB液晶盒仍然需要較高電壓來使液晶盒內的液晶由斜展態轉換至彎曲態，並仍 須使用較高的操作電壓。而且，此一專利需使用蝕刻顯影等步驟，所以製程非常繁複。Furthermore, U.S. Patent No. 6,859,246 B2, which was incorporated by reference in the entire disclosure of U.S. Patent No. 6,859,246, issued to U.S. Patent No. 6,859,246 B2, which is incorporated herein by reference. -Tooth)", so that the liquid crystals in this area are arranged in a high pretilt angle and act as a seed crystal of the OCB liquid crystal cell when the liquid crystal cell is driven to accelerate the aforementioned conversion of the OCB. However, this OCB cell still requires a higher voltage to convert the liquid crystal in the cell from a tilted state to a bent state, and still A higher operating voltage must be used. Moreover, this patent requires the use of etching and development steps, etc., so the process is very complicated.
同樣地，在西元2002年所提出的美國專利US7215397 B2也提供一種OCB種晶的設計，是利用顯影蝕刻的技術在配向膜表面進行“二次配向”，造成單一配向膜表面上有不同的配向方向，而在面板組裝後產生某些“水平扭轉(Twist)90度”的區域來當成OCB的種晶，以加速OCB的前述轉換。不過，這種OCB液晶盒仍然需要較高電壓來使液晶盒內的液晶由斜展態轉換至彎曲態，並仍須使用較高的操作電壓。而且，需使用蝕刻顯影等步驟，所以製程非常繁複。Similarly, U.S. Patent No. 7,215, 397 B2, which is incorporated by reference to U.S. Patent No. 7,215, 397, issued to U.S. Patent No. 7,215, 397, issued to U.S. Pat. Direction, and some "horizontal twist (90 degree)" regions are created after panel assembly to serve as seed crystals for OCB to accelerate the aforementioned conversion of OCB. However, such OCB liquid crystal cells still require a higher voltage to cause the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal cell to be switched from a tilted state to a bent state, and still require a higher operating voltage. Moreover, etching and development steps are required, so the process is very complicated.
換言之，雖目前已有提出多種加速OCB型液晶由斜展態轉換至彎曲態的技術，但除了仍然需要斜展態至彎曲態的轉換過程外，也依舊需要較高的轉換電壓才能到達顯示器的驅動區間。In other words, although various techniques for accelerating the conversion of the OCB type liquid crystal from the oblique state to the curved state have been proposed, in addition to the conversion process from the oblique state to the curved state, a high conversion voltage is still required to reach the display. Drive interval.
本發明提供一種無需經斜展態至彎曲態轉換之光學補償雙折射(OCB)型液晶盒的製作方法，以符合量產之需求。The present invention provides a method of fabricating an optically compensated birefringence (OCB) type liquid crystal cell that does not require a tilted to bend state transition to meet the needs of mass production.
本發明還提供一種光學補償雙折射(OCB)型液晶盒的製作方法，可大量製作液晶盒。The invention also provides a method for fabricating an optically compensated birefringence (OCB) type liquid crystal cell, which can produce a large number of liquid crystal cells.
本發明另提供一種無需經斜展態至彎曲態轉換之光學補償雙折射(OCB)型液晶盒，能達到對比與暗態需求。The present invention further provides an optically compensated birefringence (OCB) type liquid crystal cell that does not require a tilted to bend state transition, and can achieve contrast and dark state requirements.
本發明又提供一種光學補償雙折射(OCB)型液晶盒， 具有容易製作之種晶。The invention further provides an optical compensation birefringence (OCB) type liquid crystal cell, It has a seed crystal that is easy to make.
本發明提出一種無需經斜展態至彎曲態轉換之光學補償雙折射(OCB)型液晶盒的製作方法，包括先提供兩個基板，且所述兩個基板分別具有經過配向處理後的一表面結構。然後，在至少一基板的表面結構上塗佈一反應性液晶單體層(reactive liquid crystal monomer layer)，再對所述反應性液晶單體層中選擇性的區域進行曝光聚合。接著，將反應性液晶單體層中之未曝光的區域移除，以在表面結構上形成垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案(LCP pattern)。最後，將兩個基板組成一液晶盒，使得有垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案的區域形成混成排列向列(HAN)區、垂直排列(VA)區或者彎曲排列(bend)區。The present invention provides a method for fabricating an optically compensated birefringence (OCB) type liquid crystal cell that does not require an oblique-to-bend state transition, comprising providing two substrates first, and the two substrates respectively have a surface after alignment treatment structure. Then, a reactive liquid crystal monomer layer is coated on the surface structure of at least one of the substrates, and then a selective region in the reactive liquid crystal monomer layer is subjected to exposure polymerization. Next, the unexposed regions in the reactive liquid crystal monomer layer are removed to form a vertically aligned liquid crystal polymer pattern (LCP pattern) on the surface structure. Finally, the two substrates are combined into a liquid crystal cell such that the regions having the vertically aligned liquid crystal polymer pattern form a mixed arrangement of a nematic (HAN) region, a vertical alignment (VA) region, or a bend (bend) region.
本發明還提出一種光學補償雙折射(OCB)型液晶盒的製作方法，包括先提供兩個基板，且所述兩個基板分別具有經過配向處理後的一表面結構。然後，在至少一基板的表面結構上塗佈一反應性液晶單體層，再對所述反應性液晶單體層中選擇性的區域進行曝光聚合。接著，將反應性液晶單體層中之未曝光的區域移除，以在表面結構上形成垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案(LCP pattern)作為光學補償雙折射(OCB)型液晶盒的種晶。最後，將兩個基板組成一液晶盒。The invention also provides a method for fabricating an optically compensated birefringence (OCB) type liquid crystal cell, comprising first providing two substrates, and the two substrates respectively have a surface structure after alignment treatment. Then, a reactive liquid crystal monomer layer is coated on the surface structure of at least one of the substrates, and then a selective region in the reactive liquid crystal monomer layer is subjected to exposure polymerization. Next, the unexposed regions in the reactive liquid crystal monomer layer are removed to form a vertically aligned liquid crystal polymer pattern (LCP pattern) on the surface structure as a seed crystal of an optically compensated birefringence (OCB) type liquid crystal cell. Finally, the two substrates are combined into a liquid crystal cell.
在本發明之一實施例中，塗佈上述反應性液晶單體材料層的方式包括旋轉塗佈(spin coating)、網印、凸板印刷、噴墨印刷、狹縫式塗佈(slot die coating)或是奈米壓印 (nano－imprinting)。In an embodiment of the present invention, the manner of applying the reactive liquid crystal monomer material layer includes spin coating, screen printing, convex printing, inkjet printing, and slot die coating. ) or nano imprint (nano-imprinting).
在本發明之一實施例中，將上述反應性液晶單體層中之未曝光的區域移除的方法包括溶劑清洗或雷射蝕刻，其中所用的溶劑包括去離子水、乙醇、異丙醇、丙酮、丁酮或顯影液等化學溶劑。In one embodiment of the invention, the method of removing unexposed regions in the reactive liquid crystal monomer layer includes solvent cleaning or laser etching, wherein the solvent used includes deionized water, ethanol, isopropanol, A chemical solvent such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone or developer.
本發明另提出一種無需經斜展態至彎曲態轉換之光學補償雙折射(OCB)型液晶盒，包括兩個基板、經過配向處理後的表面結構和垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案(LCP pattern)。其中一個基板的一個表面相對於另一個基板的一個表面，且前述表面結構是位在每一基板的所述表面上。至少一基板的表面結構上形成垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案，使得有液晶聚合體圖案的區域形成混成排列向列(HAN)區、垂直排列(VA)區或者彎曲排列(bend)區。The present invention further provides an optically compensated birefringence (OCB) type liquid crystal cell that does not require a tilted to bend state transition, comprising two substrates, an aligned surface structure, and a vertically aligned liquid crystal polymer pattern (LCP pattern). . One surface of one of the substrates is opposite to one surface of the other substrate, and the aforementioned surface structure is located on the surface of each of the substrates. A vertical alignment type liquid crystal polymer pattern is formed on a surface structure of at least one of the substrates such that a region having a liquid crystal polymer pattern forms a mixed arrangement of a nematic (HAN) region, a vertical alignment (VA) region, or a bend (bend) region.
在本發明之另一實施例中，上述垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案例如線型結構、矩形結構、點狀結構、格子狀結構、鋸齒狀結構或其他圖形，其中當垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案是線型結構時，其線寬約為1微米至數十微米之間、垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案之間距則約為數十微米至300微米之間。In another embodiment of the present invention, the vertically aligned liquid crystal polymer pattern is, for example, a linear structure, a rectangular structure, a dot structure, a lattice structure, a zigzag structure or the like, wherein when the vertical alignment type liquid crystal polymer pattern is In the case of the linear structure, the line width is between about 1 micrometer and several tens of micrometers, and the distance between the vertically aligned liquid crystal polymer patterns is between about several tens of micrometers and 300 micrometers.
在本發明之另一實施例中，上述垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案之厚度為50~2000埃。In another embodiment of the present invention, the vertical alignment type liquid crystal polymer pattern has a thickness of 50 to 2000 angstroms.
本發明又提出一種光學補償雙折射(OCB)型液晶盒，包括兩個基板、經過配向處理後的表面結構和種晶。其中一個基板的一個表面相對於另一個基板的一個表面，且前 述表面結構是位在每一基板的所述表面上。種晶則形成於至少一基板的表面結構上，其中種晶是垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案。The invention further proposes an optically compensated birefringence (OCB) type liquid crystal cell comprising two substrates, a surface structure and a seed crystal after alignment treatment. One surface of one of the substrates is opposite to one surface of the other substrate, and the front The surface structure is located on the surface of each substrate. The seed crystal is formed on a surface structure of at least one of the substrates, wherein the seed crystal is a vertically aligned liquid crystal polymer pattern.
在本發明之又一實施例中，上述作為種晶的垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案包括點狀結構。In still another embodiment of the present invention, the above-described vertical alignment type liquid crystal polymer pattern as a seed crystal includes a dot structure.
在本發明之又一實施例中，上述作為種晶的垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案為點狀結構時，其半徑約在1微米至30微米之間。In still another embodiment of the present invention, when the vertical alignment type liquid crystal polymer pattern as the seed crystal is a dot-like structure, the radius thereof is between about 1 micrometer and 30 micrometers.
在本發明之又一實施例中，上述作為種晶的垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案為點狀結構時，所述垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案之間距為50微米至350微米之間。In still another embodiment of the present invention, when the vertical alignment type liquid crystal polymer pattern as the seed crystal is a dot structure, the vertical alignment type liquid crystal polymer pattern has a distance of between 50 micrometers and 350 micrometers.
在本發明之各個實施例中，上述配向處理包括離子束配向(ion beam alignment)、紫外光配向(UV alignment)、電漿配向(plasma alignment)、SiO2 斜向蒸鍍或摩擦配向(rubbing)，以使所述表面結構具有異向性。In various embodiments of the present invention, the alignment treatment includes ion beam alignment, UV alignment, plasma alignment, SiO 2 oblique vapor deposition, or rubbing alignment. To make the surface structure anisotropic.
在本發明之各個實施例中，上述表面結構包括有機膜或是無機膜。其中有機膜例如聚醯亞胺(polyimide)、聚醯胺酸(polyamic acid，PAA)、聚醯胺(polyamide)、聚乙烯醇(polyvinyl alcohol，PVA)或聚乙烯醇肉桂酸酯(polyvinyl cinnamate，PVCi)或其他類高分子薄膜；無機膜則例如類鑽石碳膜(diamond－like carbon，DLC)、氧化銦錫(ITO)、氧化矽(SiOx)或氮化矽(SiNx)。In various embodiments of the invention, the surface structure comprises an organic film or an inorganic film. Among them, an organic film such as polyimide, polyamic acid (PAA), polyamide, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or polyvinyl cinnamate (polyvinyl cinnamate, PVCi) or other polymer film; inorganic film such as diamond-like carbon (DLC), indium tin oxide (ITO), yttrium oxide (SiOx) or tantalum nitride (SiNx).
在本發明之各個實施例中，上述垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案能使液晶具有水平排列性質或垂直排列性質。In various embodiments of the present invention, the above-described vertically aligned liquid crystal polymer pattern enables the liquid crystal to have a horizontal alignment property or a vertical alignment property.
本發明利用液晶聚合體(LCP)圖案的技術，在單一基板之配向表面結構上製作圖案化結構之垂直排列性質LCP，可將其作為光學補償雙折射(OCB)型液晶盒之種晶；或是在有液晶聚合體圖案的區域形成HAN、VA或者Bend區，並藉由這種圖案化結構，即可完全不需斜展(splay)態至彎曲(bend)態的轉換動作，並降低驅動電壓、降低暗態亮度、提高對比。The present invention utilizes a liquid crystal polymer (LCP) pattern technique to fabricate a vertical alignment property LCP of a patterned structure on an alignment surface structure of a single substrate, which can be used as a seed crystal of an optically compensated birefringence (OCB) type liquid crystal cell; The HAN, VA or Bend region is formed in the region having the liquid crystal polymer pattern, and by such a patterned structure, the switching operation from the splay state to the bend state is completely eliminated, and the driving is reduced. Voltage, reduce darkness, and improve contrast.
為讓本發明之上述特徵和優點能更明顯易懂，下文特舉較佳實施例，並配合所附圖式，作詳細說明如下。The above described features and advantages of the present invention will be more apparent from the following description.
圖1是依照本發明之一實施例之一種無需斜展(Splay)態至彎曲(Bend)態轉換的光學補償雙折射(OCB)型液晶盒的製作流程的步驟圖。1 is a step-by-step diagram of a fabrication flow of an optically compensated birefringence (OCB) type liquid crystal cell that does not require a Splay state to a Bend state transition in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
請參照圖1，於步驟100中，提供兩個基板，分別具有經過配向處理後的一表面結構。其中，所謂的配向處理例如離子束配向(ion beam alignment)、紫外光配向(UV alignment)、電漿配向(plasma alignment)、SiO2 斜向蒸鍍或摩擦配向(rubbing)，以使前述表面結構具有異向性。至於表面結構本身可以是有機膜或是無機膜；舉例來說，有機膜包括聚醯亞胺(polyimide)、聚醯胺酸(polyamic acid，PAA)、聚醯胺(polyamide)、聚乙烯醇(polyvinyl alcohol，PVA)或聚乙烯醇肉桂酸酯(polyvinyl cinnamate，PVCi)或其他類高分子薄膜；無機膜則包括類鑽石碳膜(diamond－like carbon，DLC)、氧化銦錫(ITO)、氧化矽(SiOx )、氮化矽(SiNx )等適合的薄膜。Referring to FIG. 1, in step 100, two substrates are provided, each having a surface structure after alignment treatment. Here, the so-called alignment treatment such as ion beam alignment, UV alignment, plasma alignment, SiO 2 oblique vapor deposition or rubbing alignment to make the aforementioned surface structure Anisotropic. As for the surface structure itself, it may be an organic film or an inorganic film; for example, the organic film includes polyimide, polyamic acid (PAA), polyamide, polyvinyl alcohol ( Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or polyvinyl cinnamate (PVCi) or other polymer film; inorganic film includes diamond-like carbon (DLC), indium tin oxide (ITO), oxidation A suitable film such as SiO (SiO x ) or tantalum nitride (SiN x ).
接著，於步驟110中，在至少一基板的表面結構上塗佈一反應性液晶單體層(reactive liquid crystal monomer layer)，其中塗佈反應性液晶單體材料層的方式例如旋轉塗佈(spin coating)、網印、凸板印刷、噴墨印刷、狹縫式塗佈(slot die coating)或是奈米壓印(nano－imprinting)。這種反應性液晶單體層在聚合成為垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案(LCP pattern)之後，能使液晶具有水平排列性質或垂直排列性質。Next, in step 110, a reactive liquid crystal monomer layer is coated on the surface structure of at least one of the substrates, wherein a method of coating the reactive liquid crystal monomer material layer, such as spin coating (spin) Coating), screen printing, relief printing, inkjet printing, slot die coating or nano-imprinting. After the polymerization of the reactive liquid crystal monomer layer into a vertically aligned liquid crystal polymer pattern (LCP pattern), the liquid crystal can have a horizontal alignment property or a vertical alignment property.
隨後，於步驟120中，對反應性液晶單體層中選擇性的區域進行曝光聚合。Subsequently, in step 120, a selective region in the reactive liquid crystal monomer layer is subjected to exposure polymerization.
接著，於步驟130中，將反應性液晶單體層中之未曝光的區域移除，以在表面結構上形成一垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案，其中將反應性液晶單體層中之未曝光的區域移除的方法例如溶劑清洗或雷射蝕刻，而前述溶劑譬如是去離子水、乙醇、異丙醇、丙酮、丁酮或顯影液等化學液體。經步驟130後所得到的液晶聚合體圖案可以是線型結構、矩形結構、點狀結構、格子狀結構、鋸齒狀結構或其他圖形。Next, in step 130, the unexposed regions in the reactive liquid crystal monomer layer are removed to form a vertical alignment type liquid crystal polymer pattern on the surface structure, wherein the reactive liquid crystal monomer layer is not exposed. The method of removing the region is, for example, solvent cleaning or laser etching, and the aforementioned solvent is, for example, a chemical liquid such as deionized water, ethanol, isopropanol, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone or a developing solution. The liquid crystal polymer pattern obtained after the step 130 may be a linear structure, a rectangular structure, a dot structure, a lattice structure, a zigzag structure or the like.
接著，進行步驟140，將兩個基板組成一液晶盒，使得有垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案的區域形成HAN區、VA區或者Bend區。因此，當液晶盒之基板進行驅動時，這些區域之液晶分子可以使得OCB液晶盒中斜展態區域的 液晶分子產生有垂直分量的排列，而得到不用經過Splay態至Bend態轉換的OCB型液晶盒。Next, in step 140, the two substrates are combined into a liquid crystal cell such that the region having the vertically aligned liquid crystal polymer pattern forms a HAN region, a VA region, or a Bend region. Therefore, when the substrate of the liquid crystal cell is driven, the liquid crystal molecules in these regions can make the oblique region of the OCB liquid crystal cell The liquid crystal molecules are arranged with a vertical component, and an OCB type liquid crystal cell which does not undergo a Splay state to a Bend state conversion is obtained.
圖2是依照本發明之另一實施例之一種無需斜展(Splay)態至彎曲(Bend)態轉換的光學補償雙折射(OCB)型液晶盒的剖面示意圖。從圖2可知，OCB型液晶盒200包括兩個基板210a和210b、經過配向處理後的表面結構220和垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案(LCP pattern)230。前述兩個基板210a和210b分別具有一表面212a和212b互相相對，且前述表面結構220是位在基板210a和210b的表面212a和212b上。至於表面結構220之材料可參照上一實施例的範例。而垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案230則位在基板210a的表面結構220上，能使液晶分子240具有垂直排列性質。除此之外，有時也可在基板210a和210b的表面結構220上都設有垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案230。其中，垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案230例如是線型結構，在圖2因為是剖面的關係，所以線型結構是呈現分別隔開的凸塊，其中垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案230之線寬W約為1微米至數十微米之間，而垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案230之間距P則約為數十微米至300微米之間。且如有需要，垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案230還可包括其他圖形，如矩形結構、點狀結構、格子狀結構、鋸齒狀結構等。另外，在表面結構220上還可包括光學補償雙折射型液晶盒200之種晶(未繪示)，且所述種晶可以是液晶聚合體圖案。2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optically compensated birefringence (OCB) type liquid crystal cell that does not require a Splay state to a Bend state transition in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the OCB type liquid crystal cell 200 includes two substrates 210a and 210b, an alignment-treated surface structure 220, and a vertically aligned liquid crystal polymer pattern (LCP pattern) 230. The two substrates 210a and 210b respectively have a surface 212a and 212b opposed to each other, and the aforementioned surface structure 220 is located on the surfaces 212a and 212b of the substrates 210a and 210b. As for the material of the surface structure 220, reference may be made to the example of the previous embodiment. The vertical alignment type liquid crystal polymer pattern 230 is positioned on the surface structure 220 of the substrate 210a, so that the liquid crystal molecules 240 have vertical alignment properties. In addition to this, a vertical alignment type liquid crystal polymer pattern 230 may be provided on the surface structures 220 of the substrates 210a and 210b. The vertical alignment type liquid crystal polymer pattern 230 is, for example, a linear structure. Since the cross-sectional relationship is shown in FIG. 2, the linear structure is a bump which is respectively spaced apart, wherein the line width W of the vertically aligned liquid crystal polymer pattern 230 is about It is between 1 micrometer and several tens of micrometers, and the distance P between the vertically aligned liquid crystal polymer patterns 230 is between several tens of micrometers and 300 micrometers. And if necessary, the vertical alignment type liquid crystal polymer pattern 230 may further include other patterns such as a rectangular structure, a dot structure, a lattice structure, a zigzag structure, and the like. In addition, a seed crystal (not shown) of the optically compensated birefringence type liquid crystal cell 200 may be further included on the surface structure 220, and the seed crystal may be a liquid crystal polymer pattern.
由於圖2之垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案230會形成混 成排列向列(HAN)區250，因此這些密集的HAN區250會影響OCB型液晶盒200顯示區域之液晶分子240排列，使液晶盒200其他區域260的液晶分子240長軸排列含有垂直於基板210a或210b表面的分量。而且，因為垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案230對顯示效能的影響不大，因此垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案230的位置除了可配置在顯示區周邊，也能直接設置在顯示區內部，而不影響顯示效能。Since the vertical alignment type liquid crystal polymer pattern 230 of FIG. 2 is mixed Aligning the nematic (HAN) regions 250, so that the dense HAN regions 250 affect the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules 240 in the display region of the OCB type liquid crystal cell 200, so that the long axis alignment of the liquid crystal molecules 240 in the other regions 260 of the liquid crystal cell 200 is perpendicular to the substrate. The component of the surface of 210a or 210b. Moreover, since the vertical alignment type liquid crystal polymer pattern 230 has little influence on display performance, the position of the vertical alignment type liquid crystal polymer pattern 230 can be directly disposed inside the display area without being affected by the position of the vertical alignment type liquid crystal polymer pattern 230. Display performance.
圖3A至圖3C是圖2之無需斜展態至彎曲態轉換的光學補償雙折射型液晶盒的操作示意圖。其中圖3A是未施加電壓的情形，而圖3B則是開始施加電壓後，原本斜展(Splay)區域之液晶分子240受到HAN區250之液晶分子240誘使，而開始轉變。最後如圖3C所示，原本斜展(Sp1ay)區域之液晶分子240會呈現彎曲(Bend)之排列效果，而不需要斜展(Splay)態至彎曲(Bend)態之轉換。3A to 3C are schematic views showing the operation of the optically compensated birefringence type liquid crystal cell of FIG. 2 without the oblique to bending state conversion. 3A is a case where no voltage is applied, and FIG. 3B is a state in which the liquid crystal molecules 240 in the original Splay region are induced by the liquid crystal molecules 240 of the HAN region 250 to start the transition. Finally, as shown in FIG. 3C, the liquid crystal molecules 240 of the originally obliquely (Sp1ay) region exhibit a Bend arrangement effect without the need to convert from a Splay state to a Bend state.
圖4A至圖4C是圖2之另一種變形例的操作示意圖，其中使用與圖2相同之元件符號來表示相同的構件。在圖4A中，於基板210a和210b的表面結構220上都設有垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案400，故於圖4A之垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案400的區域會形成彎曲(Bend)區410，且此時是未施加電壓的情形。而圖4B到圖4C則顯示施加電壓後，因為在Bend區410之液晶分子240會誘使原本斜展區域之液晶分子240呈現彎曲之排列效果，而不需要斜展(Splay)態至彎曲(Bend)態之轉換。4A to 4C are schematic views showing the operation of another modification of Fig. 2, in which the same components as those of Fig. 2 are used to denote the same members. In FIG. 4A, the vertical alignment type liquid crystal polymer pattern 400 is provided on the surface structures 220 of the substrates 210a and 210b. Therefore, the Bend region 410 is formed in the region of the vertical alignment type liquid crystal polymer pattern 400 of FIG. 4A. And at this time, there is a case where no voltage is applied. 4B to 4C show that after the voltage is applied, since the liquid crystal molecules 240 in the Bend region 410 induce the liquid crystal molecules 240 in the originally oblique region to exhibit a curved alignment effect, the Splay state to the bend is not required ( Bend) state transition.
圖5A至圖5C是圖2之又一種變形例的操作示意圖， 其中使用與圖2相同之元件符號來表示相同的構件。在圖5A中，於基板210a和210b的表面結構220上都設有垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案500，故於圖5A之垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案500的區域會形成垂直排列(VA)區510，且此時是未施加電壓的情形。圖5B到圖5C則顯示施加電壓後，原本斜展區域之液晶分子240因為受到VA區510之液晶分子240誘使，而使原本斜展區域之液晶分子240呈現彎曲之排列效果，而不需要斜展(Splay)態至彎曲(Bend)態之轉換。5A to 5C are schematic views showing operations of still another modification of FIG. 2, The same components as those in Fig. 2 are used to denote the same members. In FIG. 5A, the vertical alignment type liquid crystal polymer pattern 500 is provided on the surface structures 220 of the substrates 210a and 210b, so that the vertical alignment type (VA) region is formed in the region of the vertical alignment type liquid crystal polymer pattern 500 of FIG. 5A. 510, and at this time, the voltage is not applied. 5B to FIG. 5C show that after the application of the voltage, the liquid crystal molecules 240 of the originally oblique region are attracted by the liquid crystal molecules 240 of the VA region 510, so that the liquid crystal molecules 240 of the originally oblique region exhibit a curved alignment effect without requiring The transition from the Splay state to the Bend state.
以下利用實例來證實本發明之效果。The following examples are used to confirm the effects of the present invention.
首先，將一片玻璃基板的表面配向膜(PIA－5560－05A,Chisso)經摩擦配向(rubbing)後，再於上述表面結構塗佈一層反應性液晶單體層，其厚度約為100埃。然後，利用UV曝光的方式，選擇性的將反應性液晶單體層的部分區域聚合(polymerizing)，之後利用丁酮等溶劑清洗表面結構，將未經UV光聚合過的反應性液晶單體層移除，留下聚合後的液晶聚合體(LCP)圖案(如圖6所示)。在圖6中的液晶聚合體圖案與配向方向垂直，並具有線寬約為5 μm的線型結構600，而線型結構600之間距則約為90 μm。然後，將一片經上述處理過後的玻璃基板與未經上述處理的配向基板，以平行配向的方向對位組裝，而形成有“HAN區域”的OCB型液晶盒。最後，將液晶(ZOC－5128xx,Chisso)注入4 μm gap OCB型液晶盒。First, after the surface alignment film (PIA-5560-05A, Chisso) of a piece of glass substrate is rubbed, a reactive liquid crystal monomer layer is applied to the surface structure to a thickness of about 100 angstroms. Then, a partial region of the reactive liquid crystal monomer layer is selectively polymerized by means of UV exposure, and then the surface structure is washed with a solvent such as methyl ethyl ketone to form a reactive liquid crystal monomer layer which has not been UV-photopolymerized. The removal, leaving the polymerized liquid crystal polymer (LCP) pattern (as shown in Figure 6). The liquid crystal polymer pattern in Fig. 6 is perpendicular to the alignment direction and has a line structure 600 having a line width of about 5 μm, and the line structure 600 has a pitch of about 90 μm. Then, one glass substrate subjected to the above treatment and the alignment substrate not subjected to the above treatment were aligned in the direction of parallel alignment to form an OCB type liquid crystal cell having a "HAN region". Finally, a liquid crystal (ZOC-5128xx, Chisso) was injected into a 4 μm gap OCB type liquid crystal cell.
除了不進行液晶聚合體(LCP)圖案之製作外，利用以上實驗例一的其餘步驟完成一般的4μm gap OCB型液晶盒。A general 4 μm gap OCB type liquid crystal cell was completed by the remaining steps of the above Experimental Example 1, except that the liquid crystal polymer (LCP) pattern was not produced.
圖7是實驗例一與對照例的OCB型液晶盒之V－T曲線。從圖7可知，本發明之實驗例一的OCB型液晶盒不需經過轉換，且驅動電壓較低，暗態更暗。Fig. 7 is a V-T curve of the OCB type liquid crystal cell of Experimental Example 1 and Comparative Example. As can be seen from FIG. 7, the OCB type liquid crystal cell of Experimental Example 1 of the present invention does not need to be converted, and has a low driving voltage and a dark state.
使用實驗例一的方法，在經摩擦配向的表面結構上形成液晶聚合體圖案，其與實驗例一的差異僅在線型結構之線寬為10 μm。Using the method of Experimental Example 1, a liquid crystal polymer pattern was formed on the rubbed alignment surface structure, which differs from Experimental Example 1 only in the line type structure having a line width of 10 μm.
使用實驗例一的方法，在經摩擦配向的表面結構上形成液晶聚合體圖案，其與實驗例一的差異僅在線型結構之線寬為20 μm。Using the method of Experimental Example 1, a liquid crystal polymer pattern was formed on the rubbed surface structure, which differed from Experimental Example 1 only in the line type structure having a line width of 20 μm.
圖8則是本發明之實驗例一至三的OCB型液晶盒之V－T曲線。從圖8可知，液晶聚合體圖案的線型結構之線寬在相同間距下作些微變化仍可達到不需要斜展態轉換至彎曲態之效果。因此，本發明之方法具有較寬之製程參數(Process Window)範圍。Fig. 8 is a V-T curve of the OCB type liquid crystal cell of Experimental Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention. As can be seen from Fig. 8, the line width of the linear structure of the liquid crystal polymer pattern is slightly changed at the same pitch to achieve the effect of not requiring the oblique transition to the curved state. Therefore, the method of the present invention has a wide range of Process Window.
另外，上述垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案還可應用於種晶之製作，如圖9所示。Further, the above-described vertical alignment type liquid crystal polymer pattern can also be applied to the production of seed crystals, as shown in FIG.
圖9是依照本發明之又一實施例之一種光學補償雙折射(OCB)型液晶盒的部份結構俯視圖，其中所省略的結構可參照圖2。從圖9可知，位在基板(未繪示)的表面結構 900上之垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案910也可作為光學補償雙折射型液晶盒之種晶；舉例來說，當垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案910如圖9所示是點狀結構時，則其半徑例如在1微米至30微米之間、垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案910之間距P例如在50微米至350微米之間。至於垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案910的製作則可參照本發明的圖1，故不再贅述。9 is a top plan view showing a part of an optical compensation birefringence (OCB) type liquid crystal cell according to still another embodiment of the present invention, and the structure omitted may be referred to FIG. As can be seen from FIG. 9, the surface structure of the substrate (not shown) The vertical alignment type liquid crystal polymer pattern 910 on 900 can also be used as a seed crystal of the optical compensation birefringence type liquid crystal cell; for example, when the vertical alignment type liquid crystal polymer pattern 910 has a dot structure as shown in FIG. The radius is, for example, between 1 micrometer and 30 micrometers, and the distance P between the vertically aligned liquid crystal polymer patterns 910 is, for example, between 50 micrometers and 350 micrometers. As for the fabrication of the vertical alignment type liquid crystal polymer pattern 910, reference may be made to FIG. 1 of the present invention, and therefore no further description is provided.
綜上所述，本發明因為利用簡單的液晶聚合體圖案(LCP pattern)技術，在經配向之表面結構上製作液晶聚合體之圖案，所以可利用簡單的步驟製作種晶。另外，本發明之液晶聚合體圖案(LCP pattern)技術還可在光學補償雙折射(OCB)型液晶盒內具有液晶聚合體圖案的區域上形成HAN、VA或者Bend之排列狀態，並藉此區域的液晶分子誘使原本斜展(Splay)區域之液晶分子呈現彎曲(Bend)之排列效果，而不需要進行斜展態至彎曲態之轉換。同時，因為不需斜展態至彎曲態的轉換，驅動電壓因而降低，同時也有較低之暗態亮度。As described above, in the present invention, since a pattern of a liquid crystal polymer is formed on the aligned surface structure by a simple liquid crystal polymer pattern (LCP pattern) technique, seed crystals can be produced by a simple process. In addition, the liquid crystal polymer pattern (LCP pattern) technique of the present invention can also form an arrangement state of HAN, VA or Bend on a region having a liquid crystal polymer pattern in an optically compensated birefringence (OCB) type liquid crystal cell, and thereby The liquid crystal molecules induce the liquid crystal molecules in the original Splay region to exhibit a Bend arrangement without the need to perform the transition from the oblique state to the curved state. At the same time, since the conversion from the oblique state to the curved state is not required, the driving voltage is lowered, and at the same time, the dark state brightness is also low.
雖然本發明已以較佳實施例揭露如上，然其並非用以限定本發明，任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者，在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內，當可作些許之更動與潤飾，因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention, and any one of ordinary skill in the art can make some modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.
100~140‧‧‧步驟100~140‧‧‧Steps
200‧‧‧液晶盒200‧‧‧Liquid Crystal Box
210a、210b‧‧‧基板210a, 210b‧‧‧ substrate
212a、212b‧‧‧表面212a, 212b‧‧‧ surface
220、900‧‧‧表面結構220, 900‧‧‧ surface structure
230、400、500、910‧‧‧垂直排列型液晶聚合體圖案230, 400, 500, 910 ‧ ‧ vertical alignment type liquid crystal polymer pattern
240‧‧‧液晶分子240‧‧‧liquid crystal molecules
250‧‧‧混成排列向列(HAN)區250‧‧‧Mixed Neighbor (HAN) District
260‧‧‧區域260‧‧‧ area
410‧‧‧彎曲(Bend)區410‧‧‧Bend area
510‧‧‧垂直排列(VA)區510‧‧‧Vertical Arrangement (VA) Zone
P‧‧‧間距P‧‧‧ spacing
圖1是依照本發明之一實施例之一種無需斜展(Splay)態至彎曲(Bend)態轉換的光學補償雙折射(OCB)型液晶盒的製作流程的步驟圖。1 is a step-by-step diagram of a fabrication flow of an optically compensated birefringence (OCB) type liquid crystal cell that does not require a Splay state to a Bend state transition in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
圖2是依照本發明之另一實施例之一種無需斜展(Splay)態至彎曲(Bend)態轉換的光學補償雙折射(OCB)型液晶盒的剖面示意圖。2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optically compensated birefringence (OCB) type liquid crystal cell that does not require a Splay state to a Bend state transition in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
圖3A至圖3C是圖2之無需斜展態至彎曲態轉換的光學補償雙折射型液晶盒的操作示意圖。3A to 3C are schematic views showing the operation of the optically compensated birefringence type liquid crystal cell of FIG. 2 without the oblique to bending state conversion.
圖4A至圖4C是圖2之另一種變形例的操作示意圖。4A to 4C are schematic views showing the operation of another modification of Fig. 2.
圖5A至圖5C是圖2之又一種變形例的操作示意圖5A to 5C are schematic views showing the operation of still another modification of FIG.
圖6是實驗例與對照例在正交偏光片下驅動時的V－T曲線。Fig. 6 is a V-T curve of the experimental example and the comparative example when driven under a crossed polarizer.
圖7是實驗例一與對照例的OCB型液晶盒之V－T曲線。Fig. 7 is a V-T curve of the OCB type liquid crystal cell of Experimental Example 1 and Comparative Example.
圖8則是本發明之實驗例一至三的OCB型液晶盒之V－T曲線。Fig. 8 is a V-T curve of the OCB type liquid crystal cell of Experimental Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention.
圖9是本發明之又一實施例之一種光學補償雙折射(OCB)型液晶盒的部份結構俯視圖。Figure 9 is a plan view showing a partial structure of an optically compensated birefringence (OCB) type liquid crystal cell according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
100~140‧‧‧步驟100~140‧‧‧Steps
Claims (36)
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001290153A (en) * | 2000-04-10 | 2001-10-19 | Sharp Corp | Liquid crystal display device and method of manufacture |
| TW583495B (en) * | 2001-10-24 | 2004-04-11 | Sharp Kk | Liquid crystal display device and method for producing the same |
| US6852374B2 (en) * | 2001-09-11 | 2005-02-08 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device, optical element, method of fabricating the liquid crystal display device and method of making the optical element |
| TW200801733A (en) * | 2006-06-23 | 2008-01-01 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Liquid crystal display devices and fabrication methods thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001290153A (en) * | 2000-04-10 | 2001-10-19 | Sharp Corp | Liquid crystal display device and method of manufacture |
| US6852374B2 (en) * | 2001-09-11 | 2005-02-08 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device, optical element, method of fabricating the liquid crystal display device and method of making the optical element |
| TW583495B (en) * | 2001-10-24 | 2004-04-11 | Sharp Kk | Liquid crystal display device and method for producing the same |
| TW200801733A (en) * | 2006-06-23 | 2008-01-01 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Liquid crystal display devices and fabrication methods thereof |
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