六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關於-種模組化開迴路零電麗零電流直流/直 流轉換器，尤其是指一種模組化轉換器經串並聯運轉可提供輸 出高電顧高功率轉換器之應用，其能利用在電力電子技術領 域如.rfj電壓與高功率轉換n、電源供應器、不斷電系統等， 以平均分擔輸出功率的裝置，且每組模組均獨立運轉各模組 的主要開1_可操作於零糕鮮電流切換，而在其整體施行 使用上更增實用功效特性的模組化開迴路零電壓零電流直流/ 直流轉換器創新設計者。 【先前技術】 按，已知的模組化串並聯運轉可應用於交流/直流轉換器 與直流/直賴換ϋ及直流/交流轉換器的技術，射，就該模 ，、且化串並聯運轉應用在直流/直流轉換器的相關技術化如下： 請參閲96年6月16曰公開之94142374號「具擴充電路 之夕相直流至直流電源轉換器」所示，其包括一主要模組及一 擴充模紐。該主要模組包括一—Ρ而㈣電路及η個輸出級 電路且該些輸出級電路係在該11相ρ觀控制電路的控制下將 一輸入電源調整成—輸出電源。該擴充模組包括η個擴充電路 係一對—地並聯該些輸出級電路，且該些擴充電路係在該η相 PWM控制電路的控制下與相並聯之輸出級電路的共同分擔該輪 入電源所輸入的電流。然而，該結構之主要模組與擴充模組的 1376867 訊號都為同步訊號，雖然利用並聯接法可以共同分擔輸入的電 流，不過同步訊號驅動時各模組時，如果其中一組模組系統損 壞就會導致整體轉換器的可靠度降低。 請再參閱84年8月1日公告之83210609號「具有並聯輸 出控制電路之直流/直流轉換器」所示，其包括有一電力驅動 電路、一波寬調變控制積體電路、一電力回授電路、一電流模 式保護電路以及一並聯輸出偵測控制電路；其中並聯輸出偵測 控制電路具有一電流源與並聯電阻、比較器及附屬電路；如 此’當實際負載增加已超出原設計之電源供應器所能提供的額 定電流時，藉增設數個相同的具有並聯輸出控制電路之直流/ 直流轉換器，即可共同分檐負載電流。然而，因該結構再並聯 轉換器時驅動訊號為同步訊號，造成並聯直流轉換器時若其中 一組轉換器損壞時就會造成系統故障，導致只剩一組轉換器提 供給負載，造成輸出電壓不同，最後造成原件所承受的電壓與 電流應力過大。 請再參閱91年π月1日公告之90119725號「具並聯均 /”L分配功能之直/直流轉換器」所示，其包括有一以峰值電流 模式控制〔peak current mode control〕並具輸出濾波電路 與調整端子〔Trim〕之直/直流電源供應器與一均流分配電路。 其特徵為利用均流線〔share bus〕電流與本身模組之負載電 流比較所得之高低信號，配合一具充放電功能之電阻電容電路 與電源供應器模組本身内部之調整端子，經直/直電源供應器 I S3 5 内部之脈波寬度調變H調變直/直流電源供應器之責任週期 〔duty cycle〕’以達到穩廢及將負載電流平均分配之目的。 而其利用均流分配電路使各模组達到均流效果，雖然各模 且”有低成本與向可靠度的優點，但各模組機器開關切換損 失較大會使轉換器的整體效率降低。 "月再參閱91年8月1日公告之89111613號「電源供應裝 置」’其為一種電源供應裝置的開關轉換器，用以平均分擔裝 ^的功率輸出。電祕應裝置包括複數個鎌型關轉換器， 目對於貞_並聯方式連接；醉控制電路分朋以控制 該等谐振鋼_換!!的闕鮮；—反饋祕，用以反饋供 〜負載的電壓，以及，一諧振電流平衡電路，用以谓測分別 通過開關轉換器流動之譜振電流的波幅，並進行比較。該等頻 輪制電路控制_鮮，以錄使得供應至貞_電壓呈現 預疋電壓值’並使得諸振電流的波幅彼此相等模組具均流的 效果。 緣是’發明人有鑑於此，秉持多年該相關行業之豐富設計 開發及實際製作經驗’針對現有之結構及缺失再予以研究改 良因而發明出-種模組化開迴路零電壓零電流直流/直流轉 換為’以期達到更佳實用價值性之目的者。 【發明内容】 苴本發明之模組化開迴路零電壓零電流直流/直流轉換器， 主要疋利用單一轉換器經模組化後串並聯運轉，可提供輸出 :电壓與问功率。模組化轉換器為—獨立轉換器模組容易製 造対降低成本。模組化之串並聯運轉架構，以輸出魏控制 各模組之輪出功率，並由獨立轉換器之共振電路特性達到:串 亚換組之均流魏，故此模組化開迴路零電財電流推挽式轉 換器之串並聯運轉，僅需輸入與輸出線路連接，而不需另外之 控制線路，ϋ此線路連接相當容易，且具錢充系統容量簡 單、提高系統的整體的可靠性、成本降低等優點，各模組均可 獨立運轉。各她之第_、二主開關可達零電壓與零電流切 換’降低切換損失有助於频系統上的效率提高者。 【實施方式】 為令本發明所運用之技術内容、發明目的及其達成之功效 有更完整且清楚的揭露，祕下詳細說明之，並請—併參閱所 揭之圖式及圖號： 首先，請參邮-@本發明之並聯運轉架棚及第二圖本 發明之串聯運轉架構圖所示，本發明之模組化轉換器（Α)是由 單一轉換器（1)經模組化所構成；其中： 該單一轉換器（1)包含：一變壓器（u)，包含具有中心抽 頭之一次側繞組（111)及一二次側繞組（U2)，且該一次側繞組 (111)為一具有中心抽頭之繞組，並且其匝數相同；一負載裝 置（12); —第一主開關元件（13),包含了寄生電容（13丨）與一 反向二極體（132)，其一端連接於該變壓器（丨丨）一次侧繞組 (111)之第一端，另一端接地；一第二主開關元件（14)，包含 了寄生電容（Hi)與-反向二極體(142)，其一端接該變壓器 (11) 人側繞組（in)之第二端，另一端接地；一共振電路 (15) ’包含共振電容（151)及漏電感（152)，該共振電容(151) 及漏電感（152)並聯於變壓器⑴）一次側繞組㈤）之中心抽 頭’共振電容(151)之另端接地，漏電感（152)之另端則接正電 源’及該魏||(11)之二次側繞組⑴2)與整流二極體單元(16) 連接’該整流二極體單元(16)為—全橋二極體整流電路所組 成’㈣該變壓器⑻提供—交流電源整流成—直流電源^ 其利用共振電路（15)的特徵，使得該變壓器⑴）_次側繞 組（111)之第-、二主_元件⑽、（⑷在導通與截止於零 電壓與零電流職’且各她_立運轉，並針對各模組的共 振電路(⑸料料振解，且各模_控制峨不需互相連 接起來，使得可控制貞絲置⑽的縣呈現—預定電壓值， 並使得譜振電流的波幅彼此鱗模組具触的效果。模組經並 聯運轉可提供輸出高辨給貞載裝置⑽額，而模組經串聯 運轉也可提供輸$高電壓給貞餘置⑽使用。 如此一來’使得本發明為無輸出調整之低高壓轉換器，且 各模、’且均獨立運轉’控制訊號分別控制各模組，且訊號無需互 相連接’而彻各模組共振電路(15)有效的設計出各模組的共 振頻率，使各模組的第_、二主開關元件(13)、⑽均可達零 電壓與零電流轉〔請參_三圖本個之並聯運轉開關零電 "〇·切換實驗圖、第四圖本發明之並聯運額_電壓切換實驗 第五圖本_之㈣運轉_零電流切換實驗圖及第六圖 /明之㈣運轉_零龍切換實驗騎示〕，絲電路⑽ ^要利用變塵器⑼的漏電感⑽)與共振電容051)達群 的切換的動作’降低了電路令開關的損耗，有助於整體系統上 番效率^。轉換器⑴經串並聯運轉使得轉換器⑴可達高 认顯〜力率提供給輪_;且模組並聯運轉射聯運轉時以 》出電顧控制各模_電流，並各麵之共振電路⑽ 特性達到各串並模組之均流功能。 本於上述㈣細她升㈣模組化開迴路零電麼 零電机推挽式轉換II之串並聯運轉為例1各模、_元件參數 均相同，只有各模組間的賴器⑽漏電感（152)的值不同， 但本發配經有效針對各额設計出各模_共翻率，因本 心月模’.、&均獨立運轉，當模㈣統損壞時能即時的更換模組， 斤现’且具有间的可讀與擴充容·單與成本低的優點。 而月il述之例或圖式並非限定本發明之產品結構或 使用方式，任⑽屬技術賴巾具有通f知識者之適當變化或 修飾，皆應視為不脫離本發明之專利範疇。 藉由以上所述，本發明之元件組成與使用實施說明可知， 本發明與現有結_較之下，本發軸於具有錄開關切換的 技術可減少關㈣換敎，讓整麟鋪鱗提高，而經模 組化之串並聯運轉朗開迴路驅動方式，使串並模組之間不須 要控制訊號連接，各触之電齡配由触賴來控制，此令 1376867 其具有高可靠度’且擴充系統容量簡單，低成本的優點，而能 在其整體施行使用上更增實用便利性者。 所述，本發明實施例確能達到所預期之使用功效，又 其所揭露之具體構造，不僅夫治 開於申似⑹-人 見雜醜產品中，亦未曾公 ^申㈣，虹完全符合專利法 發明專利之申請，懇請惠予 一要I碰法提出 予審查，麟准專利，則實VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a modular open circuit zero-electric zero current DC/DC converter, in particular to a modular converter that can be provided in series and parallel operation. The application of the high-power high-power converter can be utilized in the field of power electronics such as .rfj voltage and high power conversion n, power supply, uninterruptible power system, etc., to evenly share the output power of the device, and each group The modules are all independent of each module. The main open 1_ can be operated in the switching of fresh current switching, and the modularized open-circuit zero-voltage zero-current DC/DC converter innovation with more practical functions in its overall implementation. Designer. [Prior Art] According to the known modular series-parallel operation, it can be applied to the technology of AC/DC converter and DC/DC converter and DC/AC converter, shooting, and the module is connected in series and parallel. The related technicalization of the operation and application in the DC/DC converter is as follows: Please refer to the "Ultra-phase DC-to-DC power converter with extended circuit" as disclosed in the June 16, 1996 issue of 96142374, which includes a main module. And an expansion model. The main module includes a - (four) circuit and n output stage circuits, and the output stage circuits adjust an input power source to an output power source under the control of the 11-phase ρ control circuit. The expansion module includes a pair of expansion circuits that are connected in parallel to the output stage circuits, and the expansion circuits share the wheel sharing with the parallel output stage circuits under the control of the η phase PWM control circuit. The current input by the power supply. However, the main module of the structure and the 1376867 signal of the expansion module are both synchronous signals. Although the input current can be shared by the parallel connection method, when one module is damaged when the synchronous signal is driven, This will result in reduced reliability of the overall converter. Please refer to the "DC/DC Converter with Parallel Output Control Circuit" as shown in the Announcement No. 83210609 of August 1, 84, which includes an electric drive circuit, a wave width modulation control integrated circuit, and a power feedback. a circuit, a current mode protection circuit and a parallel output detection control circuit; wherein the parallel output detection control circuit has a current source and a parallel resistor, a comparator and an auxiliary circuit; thus, when the actual load increase exceeds the original design power supply When the rated current can be supplied, the load current can be shared by adding several identical DC/DC converters with parallel output control circuits. However, since the driving signal is a synchronous signal when the structure is parallel-connected, a system failure occurs when one of the converters is damaged when the parallel DC converter is caused, resulting in only one set of converters being supplied to the load, resulting in an output voltage. Differently, the voltage and current stress on the original is too large. Please refer to the "Direct/DC Converter with Parallel Average/" L Distribution Function, No. 90119725, published on January 1, 91, which includes a peak current mode control and output filtering. The straight/DC power supply of the circuit and the trim terminal [Trim] and a current sharing circuit. The utility model is characterized in that the high-low signal obtained by comparing the current of the share bus and the load current of the module is matched with a resistor-capacitor circuit of the charge and discharge function and the adjustment terminal of the power supply module itself, and the straight/ The internal power supply I S3 5 internal pulse width modulation H adjustable straight / DC power supply duty cycle [duty cycle] to achieve stable waste and evenly distribute the load current. And the current sharing circuit makes the modules achieve the current sharing effect. Although each mode has the advantages of low cost and reliability, the switching loss of each module machine switch will reduce the overall efficiency of the converter. In the month, please refer to the "Power Supply Device" of 89111613, published on August 1, 1991. It is a switching converter for a power supply device for sharing the power output of the device. The electric secret device includes a plurality of 镰-type off-converters, and the connection is for 贞_parallel connection; the drunk control circuit is used to control the resonating steel _change!! 反馈 fresh; - feedback secret, for feedback for ~ load The voltage, and a resonant current balancing circuit, is used to compare the amplitudes of the spectral currents flowing through the switching converters and compare them. The equal-frequency wheel circuit control _ fresh, so that the voltage supplied to the 贞_voltage exhibits a pre-voltage value and makes the amplitudes of the vibration currents equal to each other. The reason is that 'the inventor has in view of this, and has been rich in design and development and practical production experience of the relevant industry for many years.' Invented the existing structure and the lack of research and improvement, thus inventing a modular open loop zero voltage zero current DC/DC Convert to 'for the purpose of achieving better practical value. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The modular open-circuit zero-voltage zero-current DC/DC converter of the present invention mainly uses a single converter to be serialized in series and parallel operation, and can provide output: voltage and power. Modular converters – independent converter modules are easy to manufacture and reduce costs. Modular series-parallel operation structure, the output power of each module is controlled by the output Wei, and the resonance circuit characteristics of the independent converter are achieved: the average current of the series of sub-switches, so the modular open circuit zero electricity The series-parallel operation of the current push-pull converter requires only input and output lines to be connected, and no additional control lines are required. This line connection is relatively easy, and the capacity of the system is simple, and the overall reliability of the system is improved. With the advantages of lower cost, each module can operate independently. Each of her _ and 2 main switches can reach zero voltage and zero current switching. Reduce the switching loss to help improve the efficiency of the frequency system. [Embodiment] In order to make the technical content, the purpose of the invention and the effect achieved by the present invention more complete and clear, the secret is explained in detail, and please - and refer to the illustrated figure and figure: First Please refer to the mail-@Parallel operation frame and the second diagram of the present invention. The modular converter (本) of the present invention is modularized by a single converter (1). The single converter (1) comprises: a transformer (u) comprising a primary side winding (111) having a center tap and a secondary side winding (U2), and the primary side winding (111) is a winding having a center tap and having the same number of turns; a load device (12); a first main switching element (13) comprising a parasitic capacitance (13 丨) and a reverse diode (132), One end is connected to the first end of the transformer (丨丨) primary winding (111), and the other end is grounded; a second main switching element (14) includes a parasitic capacitance (Hi) and a reverse diode (142) ), one end of which is connected to the second end of the transformer (11) human side winding (in), and the other end is connected A resonant circuit (15) 'contains a resonant capacitor (151) and a leakage inductance (152), and the resonant capacitor (151) and the leakage inductance (152) are connected in parallel with the center tap 'resonance capacitor of the transformer (1)) primary winding (5)) 151) The other end of the grounding, the other end of the leakage inductance (152) is connected to the positive power supply 'and the secondary winding (1) 2) of the Wei||(11) is connected with the rectifying diode unit (16) 'the rectifying diode The body unit (16) is composed of a full bridge diode rectifier circuit. (4) The transformer (8) provides - AC power rectification into a DC power source. It utilizes the characteristics of the resonance circuit (15) such that the transformer (1))_secondary winding (111) the first and second main_components (10), ((4) are turned on and off at zero voltage and zero current, and each of them runs, and for each module's resonant circuit ((5) material vibration, and The modules _ control 峨 do not need to be connected to each other, so that the county that can control the 贞 置 (10) presents a predetermined voltage value, and the amplitude of the spectrum current is in contact with each other. The module can provide output through parallel operation. Highly recognized for the load carrying device (10), and the module can also provide a high value by running in series. The pressure is given to the remaining (10). Thus, the present invention is a low-voltage converter with no output adjustment, and each mode, 'and independently operate' control signals respectively control the modules, and the signals do not need to be connected to each other' The module resonant circuit (15) effectively designs the resonant frequency of each module, so that the _ and _2 main switching components (13) and (10) of each module can reach zero voltage and zero current (please refer to _ The three diagrams of the parallel operation of the switch zero power " 〇 · switching experiment diagram, the fourth diagram of the parallel transmission of the invention _ voltage switching experiment fifth map _ (four) operation _ zero current switching experiment diagram and sixth map / Ming (4) Operation _ Zero Dragon Switching Experiment Ride], wire circuit (10) ^Using the leakage inductance (10) of the dust filter (9) and the resonant capacitor 051) to switch the group's action' reduces the loss of the circuit and helps the switch. The efficiency of the overall system ^. The converter (1) is operated in series and parallel to make the converter (1) reach the high recognition and the force rate is supplied to the wheel _; and when the module is operated in parallel, the module is controlled to control the current of each mode, and the resonant circuit of each surface (10) The characteristics reach the current sharing function of each string and module. In the above (4) fine her rise (four) modular open loop zero power zero motor push-pull conversion II series and parallel operation as an example 1 each module, _ component parameters are the same, only the drain between each module (10) leakage The value of the sense (152) is different, but the hair blending is effective for each model to design the respective mold-to-turnover rate, because the heart-moon mold '., & are all independent operation, when the mold (four) system is damaged, the mold can be replaced instantly. Group, jin is now 'and has the advantages of readable and expanded capacity and low cost. The examples or drawings of the present invention are not intended to limit the structure or use of the product of the present invention. Any change or modification of the subject matter of the present invention should be considered as not departing from the scope of the invention. From the above, the component composition and the implementation description of the present invention show that, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the technology of switching between switching and switching, which can reduce the switching (four) switching and improve the overall layout. The modular series-parallel operation of the open loop drive mode eliminates the need for control signal connections between the serial-to-parallel modules, and the age of each touch is controlled by the touch, which makes the 1376867 highly reliable' Moreover, the system has the advantages of simple capacity and low cost, and can be more practical and convenient in its overall implementation. As described above, the embodiment of the present invention can achieve the expected use effect, and the specific structure disclosed therein is not only in the application of the like (6) - the person sees the ugly product, nor has it been publicly claimed (four), the rainbow is completely consistent with The application for a patent for a patent law, please kindly ask for a review of the law, and the patent is
1376867 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖：本發明之並聯運轉架構圖 第二圖：本發明之串聯運轉架構圖 第三圖：本發明之並聯運轉開關零電流切換實驗圖 第四圖：本發明之並聯運轉開關零電壓切換實驗圖 第五圖：本發明之串聯運轉開關零電流切換實驗圖 第六圖：本發明之串聯運轉開關零電壓切換實驗圖 【主要元件符號說明】 (A) 模組化轉換器 (1) 轉換器 (11) 變壓器 (111) 一次側繞組 (112) 二次側繞組 (12) 負載裝置 (13) 第一主開關元件 (131) 寄生電容 (132) 反向二極體 (14) 第二主開關元件 (141) 寄生電容 (142) 反向二極體 (15) 共振電路 (151) 共振電容 (152) 漏電感 (16) 整流二極體單元 111376867 [Simple diagram of the diagram] First diagram: the parallel operation architecture diagram of the present invention, the second diagram: the series operation diagram of the present invention, the third diagram: the parallel operation switch of the present invention, the zero current switching experiment diagram, the fourth diagram: the present invention The fifth diagram of the parallel operation switching of the parallel operation switch: the experimental diagram of the zero current switching of the series operation switch of the present invention. The sixth diagram: the experimental diagram of the zero voltage switching of the series operation switch of the present invention [the main component symbol description] (A) module Converter (1) Converter (11) Transformer (111) Primary winding (112) Secondary winding (12) Load device (13) First main switching element (131) Parasitic capacitance (132) Reverse polarity Body (14) Second main switching element (141) Parasitic capacitance (142) Inverting diode (15) Resonant circuit (151) Resonant capacitor (152) Leakage inductance (16) Rectifier diode unit 11