1374221 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於：風力發電裝置及其控制方法以及風力 發電系統。 【先前技術】 以往已知有利用自然能源也就是風力來進行發電的風 力發電裝置。風力發電裝置也是有設置在外氣溫度會下降 到-4 0 °C程度的超低溫的寒冷地帶的情況。在這種寒冷地 帶，隨著外氣溫度的降低，設在風力發電裝置的機艙内部 的電力機器類的溫度也會降低，因此針對這種狀況，有人 提出的對策方案係利用加熱器等來將機艟内部的電力機器 類維持在預定溫度以謀求補償其作動。 [專利文獻1] 日本特開2003-288832號公報 【發明內容】 然而，以往在這種寒冷地帶，即使加熱器類進行了作 動，有時候還是會隨著外氣溫度的降低而導致電力機器類 的溫度降低到達原廠保證値以外的溫度（例如：-25度） 以下。 在這種情況下，例如：係會發生停電，然後如果電力 系統從停電狀態復電的話，即使電力機器類的周圍溫度仍 然是處在原廠保證値以外的溫度的狀況下，來自於電力系 -5- 1374221 統側的電力還是會被供給到風力發電裝置的電力機器類身 上，因而導致電力機器類損傷之類的問題將會產生。又， 因爲電力機器類發生了損傷，將會衍生出風力發電裝置的 工作率降低的問題。 本發明是爲了解決上述問題而開發完成的，目的是在 提供：風力發電裝置及其控制方法以及風力發電系統，即 使是被設置在寒冷地帶的情況下，亦可防止電力機器類受 到損傷。 爲了解決上述課題，本發明係採用以下的手段。 本發明的第1態樣的風力發電裝置，係具備：經由開 閉器來與電力系統連接的電源單元、設在前述電源單元與 前述電力系統之間之用來測定前述電力系統的電壓的系統 電壓量測部、用來求出前述電源單元的周圍溫度之溫度量 測部，當前述溫度量測部的量測値或依據該量測値所推定 的前述電源單元的周圍溫度較之依據前述電源單元的機能 保證溫度而決定的第1溫度閾値更小，而且前述系統電壓 量測部所量測到的電壓較之預先設定的電壓閾値更小的情 況下，藉由前述開閉器的作動，將該電源單元與前述電力 系統的連接予以切離。 根據這種結構，在電源單元經由開閉器來連接於電力 系統的狀態下，當溫度量測部的量測値或依據這個量測値 而推定的電源單元的周圍溫度小於依據前述電源單元的機 能保證溫度而決定的第1溫度閾値，且從設在電源單元與 電力系統之間的系統電壓量測部所量測的電力系統的電壓 -6- 1374221 小於電壓閩値的情況下，開閉器將會作動以將電源單元與 電力系統的連接予以切離。 藉此，在電源單元的溫度小於等於電源單元的機能保 證溫度的狀態下，當因發生停電等因素而導致電力系統的 電壓降低的情況下，就可以將電源單元從電力系統切離。 這種結果，例如：當電源單元處於機能保證溫度以下的狀 態時，可以防止因電力系統的復電而讓電壓加諸到電源單 φ 元的情事，可以防止在機能保證溫度以外的溫度的狀況下 被施加電壓所導致的電源單元損傷的情事。 在前述電源單元與前述電力系統的連接被切離的狀態 下，如果前述溫度量測部的量測値或前述電源單元的周圍 溫度變成依據前述電源單元的機能保證溫度而決定的第2 溫度閾値以上的情況下，就可以將前述電源單元與前述電 力系統予以連接。 . 藉此，可在電源單元的溫度位於機能保證溫度内的狀 # 態下，將電源單元與電力系統予以連接在一起。 亦可將上述風力發電裝置的前述電源單元設在機艙内 ’將前述溫度量測部設在前述機臆内部。 藉此’與將溫度量測部設在機艙外部的情況比較的話 ’可更精確的測定電源單元的周圍溫度。尤其是將溫度量 測部安裝在電源單元上的情況下，可以量測電源單元本身 的溫度，因此電源單元可以一直使用，直到可使用的溫度 臨界値（也就是，界限溫度）爲止。 亦可將上述風力發電裝置的前述電源單元設在機艙内 1374221 ，將前述溫度量測部設在前述機艙的外圍，依據前述溫度 量測部的量測値來推定前述電源單元的周圍溫度。 例如：在機艙的外圍係具有基於其他目的而設置的溫 度量測機器的情況下，可將該機器予以援用，而從這個溫 度量測機器所量測到的値來推定電源單元的周圍溫度。藉 此，不必設置新的機器就可求出電源單元的周圍溫度β 亦可在上述風力發電裝置中，將前述電源單元設在機 艙内，將前述溫度量測部設在前述機艙的外圍，前述溫度 量測部的量測値小於前述第1溫度閾値，且前述系統電壓 量測部所量測的電壓小於前述電壓閾値的狀態持續預定期 間的情況下，就將前述電源單元由前述電力系統切離。 在對於電源單元有來自於電力系統的供電的狀態下， 係利用配置在機艟内的加熱器而可執行暖機運轉，因此電 源單元的週邊溫度與設在機艙外的溫度量測部所獲得的量 測値，兩者將會產生溫度差。在這種情況下，因發生停電 等的因素而導致對於電源單元的供電被截斷的話，加熱器 將會停止作動，機艙内的溫度，換言之，電源單元的周圍 溫度將會逐漸降低直到與外氣溫度相同爲止。 因此，如上所述，從發生停電起算，換言之，藉由判 定：從系統電壓量測部所量測的電壓變成小於前述電壓閾 値的狀態起算，是否已經過了預定期間，當電源單元的周 圍溫度變成與第1溫度閾値大致相同値的狀態，就可將電 源單元與電力系統予以切離。 上述風力發電裝置亦可具備：蓄電裝置，在前述電力 -8- 1374221 系統與前述電源單元的連接被切離的狀態下，用來將電力 供給到目II述開閉器，而則述的預定期間亦可依據述蓄電 裝置的殘餘容量來設定。 例如：當電力系統發生停電等情事，電力系統對於開 閉器的供電被截斷的情況下，即可實施由蓄電裝置對於其 他機器的供電，並且可執行對於開閉器的開閉控制。因此 ，必須在蓄電裝置的殘餘容量降低到低於執行開閉器的開 閉控制所需的電荷量之前，進行判定是否要將開閉器操作 成開狀態。因此，如上所述，藉由依據蓄電裝置的殘餘容 量來設定該預定期間的作法，可在蓄電裝置確保有用來控 制開閉器的電荷量的狀態下，發送出開閉器的開指令。藉 此，可藉由來自於蓄電裝置的供電，而將電源單元與電力 系統的連接予以確實地切離》 本發明的第2態樣的風力發電系統，係具備：上述的 任何一項所述的風力發電裝置、以及可執行該風力發電裝 置與電力系統的連接與非連接的切換之開閉器。 根據這種結構，係具備：具有電源單元的風力發電裝 置，以及可執行該風力發電裝置與電力系統的連接與非連 接的切換之開閉器，當溫度量測部的量測値或依據這個量 測値而推定的電源單元的周圍溫度小於第1溫度閾値，且 從設在電源單元與電力系統之間的系統電壓量測部所量測 的電力系統的電壓小於電壓閾値的情況下，開閉器將會作 動而將風力發電裝置與電力系統的連接予以切離。 藉此，當電源單元的溫度處在電源單元的機能保證溫 1374221 度以下的狀態之情況下，因發生停電等情事導致電力系統 的電壓降低的情況下，可將電源單元從電力系統切離。這 種結果，例如：當電源單元處於機能保證溫度以下的狀態 時，可以防止因電力系統的復電而讓電壓加諸到電源單元 上的情事，可以防止因在機能保證溫度以外的溫度的狀況 下被施加電壓所導致的電源單元的損傷。 本發明的第3態樣的風力發電裝置的控制方法，係在 前述電源單元與前述電力系統之間，先測定前述電力系統 的電壓，再求出前述電源單元的周圍溫度，當前述電源單 元的周圍溫度的量測値或依據該量測値來推定的前述電源 單元的周圍溫度小於依據前述電源單元的機能保證溫度而 決定的第1溫度閾値，且前述電力系統的電壓小於既定的 電壓閾値的情況下，就將前述電源單元與前述電力系統的 連接予以切離。 根據這種控制方法，係當電源單元的周圍溫度的量測 値或依據這個量測値而推定的電源單元的周圍溫度小於第 1溫度閾値，且電力系統的電壓小於電壓閩値的情況下， 就將電源單元與電力系統的連接予以切離。 藉此，當電源單元的溫度處於電源單元的機能保證溫 度以下的狀態的情況下，因發生了停電等情事而導致電力 系統的電壓降低的情況下，可將電源單元從電力系統切離 。這種結果，例如：當電源單元處於機能保證溫度以下的 狀態時，可以防止因電力系統的復電而讓電壓加諸到電源 單元上的情事，可以防止因在機能保證溫度以外的溫度的 -10- 1374221 狀況下被施加電壓所導致的電源單元的損傷。 根據本發明，係可達成：防止設置在寒冷地帶的風力 發電裝置上的電力機器類受到損傷之效果。 【實施方式】 [發明的最佳實施方式] 以下將佐以圖面來說明本發明的風力發電裝置及其控 • 制方法以及風力發電系統的各實施方式。 [第1實施方式] 第1圖係顯示本發明的第1實施方式的風力發電系統 1的整體結構的圖。風力發電系統1係具備：風力發電裝 置2與開閉器3而構成的。又，風力發電裝置2係經由開 閉器3而與電力供給線路25相連接，此外，開閉器3與 鵁 , 電力系統10則是經由未圖示的變壓器等而相連接。 # 開閉器3係可將風力發電裝置2與電力系統10切換 成連接以及非連接。在開閉器3變成閉狀態的情況下，風 力發電裝置2與電力系統10係呈連接狀態，在變成開狀 態的情況下，風力發電裝置2與電力系統10係呈非連接 狀態。 第2圖係顯示本實施方式的風力發電裝置2的槪略結 構的圖。 風力發電裝置2係如第2圖所揭示，具有：支柱7、 設置在支柱7的上端的機舱6、設在機臆6上之可在大致 -11 - 1374221 呈水平的軸線外圍旋轉的轉子頭4。在轉子頭4上，在其 旋轉軸線的外圍呈放射狀地安裝著3片風車葉片5»藉此 ，從轉子頭4的旋轉軸線方向吹抵風車葉片5的風力係被 轉換成令轉子頭4朝旋轉軸線外圍旋轉的動力，這種動力 又被發電機轉換成電力能源。 又，第1圖所揭示的這種風力發電裝置2係在機艙6 的外圍具備溫度量測部21，在機艙6的内部具備控制部 22、電源單元23、以及蓄電裝置24。又，電源單元23與 開閉器3係經由電力供給線路2 5而相連接，在支柱7内 的電力供給線路25路徑上係設有系統電壓量測部26。 溫度量測部2 1係爲了求出電源單元2 3的周圍溫度， 乃進行量測安裝位置處的溫度。具體而言，溫度量測部 21係安裝在機艙6的外圍，並且量測在這個安裝位置處 的外氣溫度，再將所量測到的外氣溫度輸出給控制部22 。溫度量測部21所量測到的外氣溫度係被使用於由控制 部22來進行推定電源單元23的周圍溫度。 此外，溫度量測部21係可使用在既有的風力發電裝 置中，基於其他之目的而設置在機艙外圍之用來量測溫度 的裝置，也可以使用另外再全新設置的。 被供給到蓄電裝置24的電力係：利用轉子頭4的旋 轉所產生的動力來進行發電所獲得的電力以及來自電力系 統10的電力。 變 而 事 情 的 等 && ιρτ 停器 了機 生助 發輔 爲的 因他 當其 電 繼 磁 ιρτ 如 例 部的 制分 控充 於給 對供 法} 無等 成器 -12· 1374221 電力的情況下’蓄電裝置24就會對這些機器供給電力β 具體而言’蓄電裝置24的電力係被使用在：將開閉器3 所具備的開閉燈予以亮燈、作爲對於電磁繼電器的驅動電 力以資促使開閉器3進行開閉動作。 系統電壓量測部26係在電力供給線路25的路徑上， 檢測出電力系統1 0側的電壓，將其結果輸出到控制部2 2 〇 Φ 電源單元23係將因發電而產生的電力予以供給到電 力系統10、機艙6内的機器等。又，從電力系統1〇經由 電力供給線路25將電力供給到電源單元23。 控制部22係依據從溫度量測部2 1和系統電壓量測部 26所取得的各自的量測結果’而決定出要對開閉器3發 訊的「開（開狀態）」以及「閉（閉狀態）」的指令訊號 ’並將指令訊號發訊給開閉器3。藉此，控制部22係可 依據溫度量測部21和系統電壓量測部2 6的量測結果來控 _ 制開閉器3。 接下來’說明具備上述結構的風力發電裝置2的作動 。此外’開閉器3處於閉狀態的情況下以及處於開狀態的 情況下之受到控制部22所執行的處理内容係不同，因此 ，在以下的說明當中，將分開地說明：開閉器3處於閉狀 態的情況以及處於開狀態的情況。 [開閉器3處於閉狀態的情況下的作動流程] 因爲溫度量測部2 1與電源單元23被設置的位置不同 -13- 1374221 ，所以係從設在機艙6的外圍的溫度量測部21 外氣溫度來推定設在機艙6内部的電源單元23 度。例如：電源單元23的溫度被設定成：被視 外氣溫度更高+ 5度的情況下，控制部22係藉 量測部2 1所量測到的外氣溫度加上+ 5度，即 電源單元23的週邊溫度。 接下來，控制部22將進行判定：推定出來 元23的週邊溫度是否小於依據電源單元23的機 度而決定的第1溫度閩値？該第1溫度閩値係可 如：被設定成與機能保證溫度相同，也可以被設 機能保證溫度上係有具有若干的彈性範圍的數値 値係可依據機能保證溫度來隨意地設定的數値。 ，當電源單元23的推定週邊溫度係小於第1溫 情況下，接下來，將進行判定：從系統電壓量測 取得的電力系統1 〇側的電壓是否小於電壓閾値 種判定係可判定出電力系統10是否發生停電。 這種結果，當判定出電力系統10的電壓小 主 η 値的情況下，控制部22就對開閉器3送出「開」 訊號，促使開閉器3變成開狀態。 此處，至於開閉器3的開控制的方法，例如： 由來自配置在機艙6内的蓄電裝置24的供電而自 行’或者也可以例如：指派現場作業員前往現場， 器3以手動方式操作成閉狀態。 是以’當電源單元23的推定週邊溫度小於第 量測的 周圍溫 :較之 將溫度 推定出 電源單 保證溫 定成例 成：在 這個數 種結果 閩値的 26所 根據這 電壓閾 的指令 係可藉 動地執 將開閉 1溫度 -14- 1374221 閾値’且電力系統ίο的電壓小於電壓閾値的情況下，藉 由將電源單元23從電力系統10切離，可以防止當電源單 元23的溫度處於機能保證溫度以下的狀態時，因電力系 統10的辑電而將電壓施加到電源單元23的情事發生。這 種結果’可以防止因在機能保證溫度以外的溫度的狀況下 被施加了電壓所產生的電源單元23的損傷。 此外，在停電期間很短的情況下（例如：數秒鐘單位 φ 、數分鐘單位），因復電所產生的對於電源單元23的影 響很小，因此例如：當停電狀態持續預定期間的情況下， 亦可將開閉器3處於開狀態。藉此，可以防止因爲一時性 的電力降低等的因素，導致開閉器3的開閉控制被頻繁地 執行，因此可使得開閉器3的開閉控制穩定化。 [開閉器3處於開狀態的情況下的作動流程] 控制部22係從由溫度量測部2 1所量測到的外氣溫度 φ 來推定電源單元23的週邊溫度，再進行判定這個電源單 元23的推定週邊溫度是否爲從電源單元23的機能保證溫 度來決定的第2溫度閩値以上。此處，第2溫度閩値係用 來判定：電源單元23的溫度是否爲機能保證溫度以上的 溫度，例如：係被設定爲與上述的第1溫度閾値相同的値 或者較其更大的値。這種結果，當電源單元23的推定週 邊溫度處於第2溫度閾値以上的情況下，控制部22就輸 出可令開閉器3變成閉狀態的「閉」指令。藉此，開閉器 3就從開狀態切換成閉狀態，電源單元23與電力系統10 -15- 1374221 就連接在一起。 是以，當電源單元23的推定週邊溫度處於第2溫度 閾値以上的情況下，就將開閉器3操作成閉狀態，所以可 在電源單元23的溫度處於機能保證溫度内的狀態下，將 電源單元23與電力系統10確實地連接在一起》 如以上所說明這般地，根據本實施方式的風力發電裝 置2及其控制方法並以及風力發電系統1，係可以防止： 當電源單元23的溫度處於機能保證溫度以下的狀態時， 因電力系統10從停電變成復電而導致電壓被加諸到電源 單元23的情事。這種結果，係可以防止：在機能保證溫 度以外的溫度的狀況下，被施加了電壓所導致的電源單元 23的損傷》 再者，當電源單元23的推定周圍溫度處於第2溫度 閾値以上的狀態下，係將開閉器3保持在閉狀態，因此可 以在電源單元23的溫度處於機能保證溫度内的狀態下， 將電源單元23與電力系統10予以確實地連接在一起。 此外，在上述的第.1實施方式中，係藉由將預定溫度 (例如：5度）加入到設置在機艙6的外圍的溫度量測部 21的量測値，來推定出電源單元23的周圍溫度，但是， 有關於從外氣溫度來推定出電源單元23的周圍溫度的方 法，並不限定爲這種方法。 例如：電源單元23的周圍溫度不僅是受到外氣溫度 的影響，也受到其他的因素例如：受到來自於被配置在機 艙6内之用來提供暖氣的加熱器等的熱的影響的這種情況 -16- 1374221 下，亦可使用具有與加熱器相關的參數的預定的計算式， 從外氣溫度來推定電源單元23的周圍溫度。藉此，係可 提高電源單元23的周圍溫度的推定精度。 又，亦可將溫度量測部21的設置位置予以安排在機 艟6内部。藉此，與將溫度量測部21設置在機艙6的外 圍的情況比較之下，可更爲提高電源單元23的溫度的測 定精度。藉此，即使是外氣溫度與機艙6内的溫度之間的 φ 溫度關係產生變化的情況也可以對應。 又，例如：亦可將溫度量測部2 1裝設在電源單元23 。藉此，可以量測電源單元23本身的溫度，所以可將第 1溫度閾値設定爲：電源單元2 3的機能受到保證的容許 範圍的界限的溫度（例如：機能受到保證的最低溫度）。 藉此，電源單元23可以使用到機能受到保證的溫度的界 限爲止。 • [第2實施方式] 接下來，將說明本發明的第2實施方式的風力發電裝 置2及其控制方法以及風力發電系統。 本實施方式的風力發電系統1雖然是具有與上述第1 實施方式相同的結構，但是，控制部22所執行之對於開 閉器3的開閉控制的判斷手法的處理係不同。具體而言， 在上述第1實施方式中，係從外氣溫度來推定電源單元 23的周圍溫度，並且將這個推定周圍溫度與第1溫度閾 値加以比較，但是在本實施方式中，則是將外氣溫度直接 -17- 1374221 與第1溫度閾値加以比較，以執行開閉器3的開閉判斷。 以下將佐以第3圖以及第4圖來說明由控制部22所 執行的開閉器3的開閉判斷處理方式。 [開閉器3處於閉狀態的情況下的作動流程] 控制部22將進行判定：由設在機艙6的外圍的溫度 量測部21所量測到的外氣溫度是否小於依據電源單元23 的機能保證溫度來決定的第1溫度閩値（第3圖的步驟 SA1 )。 其結果，當溫度量測部21所量測到的外氣溫度小於 第1溫度閾値的情況下（在第3圖的步驟SA1中的「是 (YES )」），接下來，就會進行判定：由系統電壓量測 部26所取得的電力系統10的電壓是否小於電壓閾値（第 3圖的步驟SA2 )。藉此，就可以判定是否發生了停電。 這種結果，當判定出：電力系統10的電壓小於電壓 閾値的情況下，控制部22將進行判定：外氣溫度小於第 1溫度閾値且電力系統1 〇的電壓小於電壓閾値的狀態是 否維持了預定期間。 此處，將說明進行判定：是否維持了預定期間的意義 〇 在本實施方式中，並不是如同上述的第1實施方式這 樣地，由外氣溫度來推定電源單元23的週邊溫度，而是 當外氣溫度較之第1溫度閩値更低的狀態經過預定的期間 時，就將外氣溫度與電源單元23的週邊溫度視爲一致。 18- 1374221 一般而言，如果外氣溫度變成預定値以下的話，會因 爲機艙6内的加熱器等的作動而提供暖氣》藉此，雖然可 以抑制電源單元2 3的溫度降低，但是例如：因爲發生了 停電，導致對於加熱器的供電被切斷的話，電源單元23 的溫度將會慢慢地降低，最後將會降低到與外氣溫度相同 〇 因此，在本實施方式中，加熱器未作動的狀態，也就 是說，電力系統10的電壓小於電力閾値的狀態持續了預 定期間的情況下，就將電源單元23的周圍溫度視爲與外 氣溫度相同的値，而判斷爲：電源單元23的周圍溫度變 成較之第1溫度閾値更小。又，因爲是採用這種做法，上 述預定期間也可以被稱爲例如：是電源單元23的周圍溫 度降低到與外氣溫度相同所需要的時間。 上述步驟SA3的結果，被判定出：外氣溫度小於第1 溫度閾値且電力系統1 0的電壓小於電壓閩値的狀態維持 了預定期間的情況下，控制部22就對於開閉器3送出「 開」的指令訊號，以將開閉器3操作成開狀態（步驟 SA4 )。此外，從步驟SA1至步驟S A3中，如果未符合其 中任何一種條件的情況下，就返回到步驟SA1，以預定的 間隔，反覆執行上述的判定工作。 [開閉器3處於開狀態的情況下的作動流程] 控制部22將進行判定：由溫度量測部2 1所量測到的 外氣溫度是否爲從電源單元23的機能保證溫度所決定的 -19- 1374221 第2溫度閩値以上。此外，在這個時間點，已經停止了由 加熱器所提供的暖機運作，所以可將外氣溫度與電源單元 23的溫度視爲相同値來處理。因此，可將外氣溫度視爲 電源單元23的週邊溫度，來進行判斷處理。 在步驟SB1中，當外氣溫度爲第2溫度閩値以上的 情況下，控制部22就會輸出令開閉器3操作成閉狀態的 「閉」指令。藉此，開閉器3將會從開狀態變成閉狀態， 電源單元23與電力系統10將會連接起來。 如以上說明這樣地，根據本實施方式的風力發電裝置 2及其控制方法以及風力發電系統1，並不是推定電源單 元23的周圍溫度，而是直接使用由設置在機艙6的外圍 的溫度量測部21所量測到的外氣溫度來執行開閉器3的 開閉控制。藉此，除了可以達成與上述第1實施方式同樣 的效果之外，又可以不必執行用來推定電源單元23的周 圍溫度之處理工作。 又，如上所述，在本實施方式中，雖然是以停電狀態 維持了預定期間之後，才將外氣溫度視爲與電源單元23 的週邊溫度係相同値，但是，也可以不必等待已經過了預 定期間，也就是說，可以直接將週邊溫度就視爲電源單元 23的週邊溫度，當週邊溫度未達第1溫度閩且系統電壓 未達電壓閩値的情況下，就將開閉器3操作成開狀態。是 以，在這種將外氣溫度視爲電源單元23的週邊溫度的情 況下，兩者的差値雖然會較之上述例子更大，但是即使在 該情況下，電源單元23的溫度也幾乎不會降低成較之外 -20- 1374221 氣溫度更低溫’因此’依然能夠防止：電源單元23在機 能保證溫度以下的狀態下被施加電壓的情事。 此外，關於開閉器3的開閉方法，既可由現場作業員 以手動方式來執行’也可以利用來自於配置在機艙6内的 蓄電裝置24的供電而自動地執行β如果是利用來自於蓄 電裝置24的供電而自動地執行開閉器3的控制的情況下 ，則必須在蓄電裝置24中蓄電著足以令開閉器3進行開 φ 閉操作所需的電力。換言之，在本實施方式中，當發生停 電而導致來自於電力系統10的供電被截斷的狀態下，係 從蓄電裝置24來對於開閉器3進行供電。因此，蓄電裝 置24的殘餘容量將會以停電發生時間點作爲境界而呈現 急速地降低（例如：請參考第5圖的時間t3至t4 )。 因此，例如：從發生停電起算至開閉器3變成開狀態 爲止的期間太長的話，這個期間經過之後，蓄電裝置24 的殘絲容量有可能降低成要使開閉器3進行作動所需的殘 • 餘容量以下。基於這種理由，如果是利用來自於蓄電裝置 24的供電來自動地控制開閉器3的開閉的情況，第3圖 中的步驟SA3的預定期間係依據蓄電裝置24的殘餘容量 來決定爲宜。 接下來’將舉出具體例子來說明本發明的第2實施方 式的風力發電裝置2的作用，並且佐以第3圖至第5圖來 進行說明。第5圖係顯示由溫度量測部21所量測的外氣 溫度以及與該外氣溫度相關連地作動的機器等的狀態變化 的圖。又，在本實施方式中，係針對上述第1溫度閾値係 -21 - 1374221 被設定爲-30度，第2溫度閩値被設定爲-25度的情況加 以說明。又，此處所說明的情況是：將開閉器3操作成開 狀態的控制係利用來自於蓄電裝置24的供電來進行的， 將開閉器3操作成閉狀態的控制係藉由現場作業員以手動 方式來進行的。 首先，從第5圖中的時間t!起溫度慢慢地降低，變 成例如：-2 5度的話，發電機的運轉將停止。更進一步， 溫度又降低，在時間t2的時間點，外氣溫度變成尙未達-30度的話，控制部22之在第3圖的步驟SA1的處理中就 被判斷爲「是（YES)」。又，當外氣溫度變成預定的溫 度以下的時間點，機艙6内的加熱器將會作動，以資對於 機艙6内提供暖氣。 接下來，從時間t2起迄時間t3的期間，溫度又進一 步降低，在時間t3時，電力系統10發生了停電等，導致 電力系統10的電壓變成小於電壓閩値（例如：0伏特） 的話，控制部22之在第3圖的步驟SA2的處理中係被判 斷爲「是（YES)」。又，此時因爲發生了停電等的原因 導致對於加熱器的供電被截斷。再者，因爲發生了停電等 的原因，從電力系統10對於開閉器3的供電也被截斷， 所以係從被設置成替代電源的蓄電裝置24來對於開閉器 3供給電力。藉此’蓄電裝置24的殘餘容量也會隨著時 間的經過而降低。 然後，在時間U時，若被判斷爲：外氣溫度未達預 定的溫度’且電力系統10的電壓爲未達電壓閩値的狀態 -22- 1374221 持續了預定期間的話，控制部22之在第3圖的步驟SA3 的處理中係被判斷爲「是（YES )」，而從控制部22對 於開閉器3輸出可令開閉器3操作成開狀態的「開」指令 訊號。此外，此時的預定期間係被設定在：不至於讓蓄電 裝置24的殘餘容量變成與進行開閉器3的開閉控制所需 的電力相對應的殘餘容量以下的範圍。 開閉器3取得了「開」指令訊號的話，將接受來自於 φ 蓄電裝置24的供電，而操作成開狀態。開閉器3變成了 開狀態，而不必再對開閉器3進行供電的話，就停止對於 開閉器3的供電，而蓄電裝置24則處於自然放電的狀態 〇 這種狀態下，在第5圖中的時間t5的時間點，電力 系統10恢復供電而且外氣溫度也開始上昇，在時間t6的 時間點，變成-25度以上的話，就判斷爲：控制部22之 在第4圖的步驟SB1中的結果爲「是（YES)」，因此將 • 從控制部22對於開閉器3輸出可將開閉器3操作成閉狀 態的「閉」指令訊號。藉此，開閉器3將變成閉狀態，電 力單元23與電力系統10將被連接起來。 因爲來自電力系統10的供電將被再度啓動，機艙6 内部的加熱器將會作動，暖機運轉會再開（第4圖的步驟 SB4)。然後，利用加熱器使得配置在機艙6内的電力機 器被加溫，被加溫到達預定的溫度（例如：各機器的機能 保證溫度）的話，風力發電裝置2的運轉將會被再開（第 4圖的步驟SB4)。藉此，風力發電裝置2所執行的發電 -23- 1374221 將會再開，其發電電力也被供給到蓄電裝置24，藉此可 對蓄電裝置24進行充電。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖係顯示·本發明之一實施方式的風力發電系統的 整體結構之一例的圖。 第2圖係顯示本發明之一實施方式的風力發電裝置的 槪略結構的圖。 第3圖係風力發電裝置與電力系統的連接被切離的情 況下的作動流程。 第4圖係風力發電裝置與電力系統被連接的情況下的 作動流程。 第5圖係用來說明從機艙外圍所量測到的外氣溫度與 開閉器的開閉狀態與蓄電裝置的狀態之圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 :風力發電系統 2 :風力發電裝置 3 =開閉器 2 1 :溫度量測部 22 :控制部 23 :電源單元 24 :蓄電裝置 25 :電力供給線路 -24- 13742211374221 6. Description of the Invention: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a wind power generation device, a control method therefor, and a wind power generation system. [Prior Art] A wind power generation device that generates power using natural energy, that is, wind power, has been known in the past. The wind power generator is also installed in a cold zone where the outside air temperature drops to -40 °C. In such a cold zone, as the temperature of the outside air is lowered, the temperature of the electric equipment installed in the nacelle of the wind power generator is also lowered. Therefore, in response to such a situation, a countermeasure proposed by a heater or the like is used. The electric machine inside the casing is maintained at a predetermined temperature to seek compensation for its operation. [Patent Document 1] Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2003-288832. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION However, in the cold zone in the past, even if the heaters are activated, sometimes the electric machine type is lowered as the temperature of the outside air is lowered. The temperature is reduced below the temperature guaranteed by the original manufacturer (for example: -25 degrees). In this case, for example, a power outage may occur, and then if the power system is re-powered from the power outage state, even if the ambient temperature of the power equipment is still at a temperature other than the original guaranteed temperature, the power system is derived from the power system - 5- 1374221 The power on the system side will still be supplied to the power equipment of the wind power generator, and problems such as damage to the power equipment will occur. Moreover, since the electric machine type is damaged, the problem that the work rate of the wind power generation device is lowered is derived. The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a wind power generation device, a control method therefor, and a wind power generation system, which can prevent damage to an electric power device even when it is installed in a cold zone. In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following means. A wind turbine generator according to a first aspect of the present invention includes: a power supply unit connected to an electric power system via a shutter; and a system voltage for measuring a voltage of the electric power system between the power supply unit and the electric power system. a measuring unit, a temperature measuring unit for determining an ambient temperature of the power supply unit, wherein the temperature of the temperature measuring unit or the ambient temperature of the power unit estimated by the measuring unit is compared with the power source according to the power source The first temperature threshold 决定 determined by the function of the unit to ensure the temperature is smaller, and when the voltage measured by the system voltage measuring unit is smaller than the preset voltage threshold ,, the operation of the shutter is used. The connection of the power supply unit to the aforementioned power system is separated. According to this configuration, in a state where the power supply unit is connected to the power system via the shutter, the temperature of the temperature measuring unit or the ambient temperature of the power unit estimated based on the measurement unit is smaller than the function of the power unit according to the power supply unit The first temperature threshold determined by the temperature is ensured, and the voltage of the power system measured by the system voltage measuring unit between the power supply unit and the power system is less than the voltage 闽値, the shutter will be It will be activated to disconnect the power unit from the power system. Thereby, in a state where the temperature of the power supply unit is less than or equal to the function-guaranteed temperature of the power supply unit, when the voltage of the power system is lowered due to a power failure or the like, the power supply unit can be disconnected from the power system. Such a result, for example, when the power supply unit is in a state below the guaranteed temperature of the function, it is possible to prevent the voltage from being applied to the power supply unit φ element due to the re-powering of the power system, and it is possible to prevent the temperature outside the temperature from being guaranteed. The damage of the power supply unit caused by the application of voltage. In a state where the connection between the power supply unit and the power system is cut off, if the temperature measurement unit or the ambient temperature of the power supply unit becomes a second temperature threshold determined according to the function guarantee temperature of the power supply unit. In the above case, the power supply unit can be connected to the power system. Thereby, the power supply unit and the power system can be connected in a state in which the temperature of the power supply unit is within the function guaranteed temperature. The power supply unit of the wind power generator may be installed in the nacelle. The temperature measuring unit may be provided inside the casing. By this, the ambient temperature of the power supply unit can be measured more accurately when compared with the case where the temperature measuring unit is provided outside the nacelle. In particular, when the temperature measuring unit is mounted on the power supply unit, the temperature of the power supply unit itself can be measured, so that the power supply unit can be used until the temperature threshold (i.e., the limit temperature) that can be used. The power supply unit of the wind power generator may be installed in the cabin 1374221, and the temperature measuring unit may be provided on the outer periphery of the nacelle, and the ambient temperature of the power supply unit may be estimated based on the measurement of the temperature measuring unit. For example, in the case where the periphery of the nacelle has a temperature measuring machine set for other purposes, the machine can be used to estimate the ambient temperature of the power supply unit from the enthalpy measured by the temperature measuring machine. Thereby, the ambient temperature β of the power supply unit can be obtained without installing a new machine. In the above-described wind power generator, the power supply unit is installed in the nacelle, and the temperature measuring unit is provided on the outer periphery of the nacelle. When the measured value of the temperature measuring unit is smaller than the first temperature threshold 値, and the voltage measured by the system voltage measuring unit is less than the voltage threshold 持续 for a predetermined period, the power unit is cut by the power system. from. In the state where the power supply unit has power supply from the power system, the warm-up operation can be performed by using the heater disposed in the casing, so that the peripheral temperature of the power supply unit and the temperature measurement unit provided outside the cabin are obtained. The measurement will produce a temperature difference between the two. In this case, if the power supply to the power supply unit is cut off due to a power failure or the like, the heater will stop operating, and the temperature inside the cabin, in other words, the ambient temperature of the power supply unit will gradually decrease until the outside air temperature The same degree. Therefore, as described above, from the occurrence of the power failure, in other words, by determining whether the voltage measured by the system voltage measuring unit becomes smaller than the aforementioned voltage threshold ,, whether or not a predetermined period has elapsed, when the ambient temperature of the power supply unit When the state is substantially the same as the first temperature threshold ,, the power supply unit and the power system can be disconnected. The wind power generator may include a power storage device that supplies power to the shutter in a state in which the connection of the power-8-137421 system and the power source unit is disconnected, and the predetermined period of time is described. It can also be set according to the residual capacity of the power storage device. For example, when a power outage or the like occurs in the power system, and the power system is cut off from the power supply of the switch, power supply to the other device by the power storage device can be performed, and opening and closing control for the shutter can be performed. Therefore, it is necessary to determine whether or not the shutter is to be operated in an open state before the residual capacity of the power storage device is lowered below the amount of charge required to perform the opening and closing control of the shutter. Therefore, as described above, by setting the predetermined period in accordance with the residual capacity of the power storage device, the opening command of the shutter can be transmitted while the power storage device secures the amount of charge for controlling the shutter. In this way, the connection between the power supply unit and the power system can be surely cut off by the power supply from the power storage device. The wind power generation system according to the second aspect of the present invention includes any one of the above-mentioned items. The wind power generation device and the switch that can perform the connection and disconnection of the wind power generation device and the power system. According to this configuration, there is provided a wind power generator having a power supply unit, and a switch that can perform switching between the connection and disconnection of the wind power generator and the power system, and the amount of the temperature measuring unit is measured or based on the amount When the ambient temperature of the power supply unit estimated by the measurement is less than the first temperature threshold 値, and the voltage of the power system measured by the system voltage measuring unit provided between the power supply unit and the power system is less than the voltage threshold 开, the switch The connection between the wind power plant and the power system will be cut off. Thereby, when the temperature of the power supply unit is in a state where the power supply unit is guaranteed to have a temperature of 1,374,221 degrees or less, the power supply unit can be disconnected from the power system when the voltage of the power system is lowered due to a power failure or the like. Such a result, for example, when the power supply unit is in a state below the guaranteed temperature of the function, it is possible to prevent the voltage from being applied to the power supply unit due to the re-powering of the power system, and to prevent the temperature from being outside the temperature guaranteed by the function. Damage to the power supply unit caused by the application of a voltage. In a method of controlling a wind turbine generator according to a third aspect of the present invention, a voltage of the power system is measured between the power source unit and the power system, and an ambient temperature of the power source unit is obtained. The ambient temperature is measured or the ambient temperature of the power supply unit estimated based on the measurement is less than the first temperature threshold determined according to the function guarantee temperature of the power supply unit, and the voltage of the power system is less than a predetermined voltage threshold. In this case, the connection of the aforementioned power supply unit to the aforementioned power system is cut off. According to this control method, when the measurement of the ambient temperature of the power supply unit or the ambient temperature of the power supply unit estimated based on the measurement 小于 is less than the first temperature threshold 値, and the voltage of the power system is less than the voltage 闽値, The connection between the power supply unit and the power system is separated. Thereby, when the temperature of the power supply unit is below the functional guaranteed temperature of the power supply unit, the power supply unit can be disconnected from the power system when the voltage of the power system is lowered due to a power failure or the like. Such a result, for example, when the power supply unit is in a state below the guaranteed temperature of the function, it is possible to prevent the voltage from being applied to the power supply unit due to the re-powering of the power system, and to prevent the temperature from being outside the temperature guaranteed by the function - 10- 1374221 Damage to the power supply unit caused by voltage applied under conditions. According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the electric power equipment on the wind power generator installed in a cold zone from being damaged. [Embodiment] BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of a wind power generator, a control method thereof, and a wind power generation system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. [First Embodiment] Fig. 1 is a view showing an overall configuration of a wind power generation system 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The wind power generation system 1 includes a wind power generator 2 and a shutter 3. Further, the wind power generator 2 is connected to the power supply line 25 via the shutter 3, and the switch 3 and the power system 10 are connected via a transformer or the like (not shown). The shutter 3 system can switch the wind power generator 2 and the power system 10 to be connected and disconnected. When the shutter 3 is in the closed state, the wind power generator 2 is connected to the electric power system 10, and when it is in the open state, the wind power generator 2 and the electric power system 10 are in a non-connected state. Fig. 2 is a view showing a schematic configuration of the wind turbine generator 2 of the present embodiment. The wind power generator 2, as disclosed in Fig. 2, has a strut 7, a nacelle 6 provided at the upper end of the strut 7, and a rotor provided on the casing 6 that is rotatable about a horizontal axis of approximately -11 - 1374221 Head 4. On the rotor head 4, three wind turbine blades 5 are radially mounted on the periphery of the rotation axis thereof. Thereby, the wind power that is blown against the wind turbine blade 5 from the rotation axis direction of the rotor head 4 is converted into the rotor head 4 The power that rotates around the periphery of the axis of rotation, which is in turn converted into electrical energy by the generator. Further, the wind power generator 2 disclosed in Fig. 1 includes a temperature measuring unit 21 on the outer periphery of the nacelle 6, and a control unit 22, a power source unit 23, and a power storage device 24 in the nacelle 6. Further, the power source unit 23 and the shutter 3 are connected via the power supply line 25, and the system voltage measuring unit 26 is provided on the path of the power supply line 25 in the column 7. The temperature measuring unit 21 measures the temperature at the mounting position in order to obtain the ambient temperature of the power supply unit 23. Specifically, the temperature measuring portion 21 is attached to the periphery of the nacelle 6, and measures the outside air temperature at this mounting position, and outputs the measured outside air temperature to the control portion 22. The outside air temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit 21 is used by the control unit 22 to estimate the ambient temperature of the power source unit 23. Further, the temperature measuring unit 21 can be used in an existing wind power generating apparatus, and is provided on the periphery of the nacelle for measuring the temperature for other purposes, or can be newly set up. The electric power supplied to the electric storage device 24 is electric power obtained by electric power generation by the rotation of the rotor head 4 and electric power from the electric power system 10. Changed things like && ιρτ stopped the machine-assisted auxiliary because he was the electric relay ιρτ as the example of the system control is charged to the pair of supplies} no equalizer -12· 1374221 In the case of electric power, the electric storage device 24 supplies electric power to these devices. Specifically, the electric power of the electric storage device 24 is used to turn on and off the opening and closing lamps provided in the shutter 3 as driving power for the electromagnetic relay. The opening and closing device 3 is caused to open and close. The system voltage measuring unit 26 detects the voltage on the power system 10 side on the path of the power supply line 25, and outputs the result to the control unit 2 2 〇 Φ The power source unit 23 supplies the power generated by the power generation. To the power system 10, the machine in the nacelle 6, and the like. Further, power is supplied from the power system 1 to the power source unit 23 via the power supply line 25. The control unit 22 determines "on (open state)" and "closed" (to be turned on) to be communicated to the shutter 3 based on the respective measurement results 'obtained from the temperature measuring unit 21 and the system voltage measuring unit 26'. The command signal of the closed state) and the command signal is sent to the switch 3. Thereby, the control unit 22 can control the shutter 3 in accordance with the measurement results of the temperature measuring unit 21 and the system voltage measuring unit 26. Next, the operation of the wind power generator 2 having the above configuration will be described. Further, in the case where the shutter 3 is in the closed state and in the case of the open state, the processing contents executed by the control unit 22 are different. Therefore, in the following description, the shutter 3 is separately closed. The situation and the situation of being in the open state. [Operation flow in the case where the shutter 3 is in the closed state] Since the temperature measuring unit 21 and the power source unit 23 are disposed at different positions -13 - 1374221, the temperature measuring portion 21 is provided from the periphery of the nacelle 6 The outside air temperature is estimated to be 23 degrees of the power supply unit provided inside the nacelle 6. For example, when the temperature of the power supply unit 23 is set to be higher than +5 degrees when the outside air temperature is higher, the control unit 22 subtracts +5 degrees from the outside air temperature measured by the measuring unit 21, that is, The ambient temperature of the power supply unit 23. Next, the control unit 22 determines whether or not the ambient temperature of the estimated element 23 is smaller than the first temperature determined based on the degree of the power source unit 23? The first temperature system can be set to be the same as the guaranteed temperature of the function, or can be set to ensure that the number of the system having a plurality of elastic ranges is arbitrarily set according to the guaranteed temperature of the temperature. value. When the estimated ambient temperature of the power supply unit 23 is less than the first temperature, it is determined that the voltage on the side of the power system 1 obtained from the system voltage measurement is less than the voltage threshold, and the power system can be determined. 10 Whether there is a power outage. As a result, when it is determined that the voltage of the electric power system 10 is small η 値 , the control unit 22 sends an "on" signal to the shutter 3 to cause the shutter 3 to be in an open state. Here, as for the method of controlling the opening of the shutter 3, for example, by the power supply from the power storage device 24 disposed in the nacelle 6, it is also possible to, for example, assign a field worker to the site, and the device 3 is manually operated. Closed state. Therefore, when the estimated peripheral temperature of the power supply unit 23 is less than the ambient temperature measured by the first measurement: compared with the temperature estimation of the power supply, the temperature is determined as an example: in this number of results, 26 commands according to the voltage threshold can be When the voltage of the power supply unit 23 is cut off from the power system 10 by the power supply unit 23, the temperature of the power supply unit 23 can be prevented from being activated by the power supply unit 23 being disconnected from the power system 10 by the opening and closing of the temperature 1 - 1374221 threshold and the voltage of the power system ίο is less than the voltage threshold 値. When the temperature is below the temperature, the voltage is applied to the power supply unit 23 due to the power-on of the power system 10. This result can prevent the damage of the power supply unit 23 caused by the application of the voltage under the condition of the temperature other than the guaranteed temperature. In addition, in the case where the power failure period is short (for example, a unit of seconds φ, a unit of several minutes), the influence on the power supply unit 23 due to the resumption of power is small, so for example, when the power failure state continues for a predetermined period of time. The shutter 3 can also be opened. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the opening and closing control of the shutter 3 from being frequently performed due to factors such as temporary power reduction, etc., so that the opening and closing control of the shutter 3 can be stabilized. [Operation flow in the case where the shutter 3 is in the open state] The control unit 22 estimates the ambient temperature of the power supply unit 23 from the outside air temperature φ measured by the temperature measuring unit 21, and determines the power supply unit. Whether the estimated peripheral temperature of 23 is equal to or higher than the second temperature 决定 determined from the function guaranteed temperature of the power source unit 23. Here, the second temperature 用来 is used to determine whether the temperature of the power supply unit 23 is a temperature higher than the functional guaranteed temperature, for example, is set to be the same as the above-described first temperature threshold 値 or larger. . As a result, when the estimated peripheral temperature of the power source unit 23 is equal to or higher than the second temperature threshold ,, the control unit 22 outputs a "close" command that causes the shutter 3 to be in a closed state. Thereby, the shutter 3 is switched from the open state to the closed state, and the power supply unit 23 is connected to the power system 10-15-1374221. When the estimated ambient temperature of the power supply unit 23 is equal to or higher than the second temperature threshold ,, the shutter 3 is operated in a closed state, so that the power can be supplied while the temperature of the power supply unit 23 is within the functional guaranteed temperature. The unit 23 is surely connected to the power system 10. As described above, the wind power generator 2 and the control method thereof and the wind power generation system 1 according to the present embodiment can prevent: when the temperature of the power source unit 23 When the power supply system 10 is in a state below the guaranteed temperature, the voltage is applied to the power supply unit 23 due to the power system 10 changing from the power failure to the power recovery. As a result, it is possible to prevent the damage of the power source unit 23 caused by the application of a voltage in a state where the temperature is guaranteed to be higher than the temperature. Further, when the estimated ambient temperature of the power source unit 23 is equal to or higher than the second temperature threshold 的In the state, the shutter 3 is kept in the closed state, so that the power source unit 23 and the power system 10 can be surely connected in a state where the temperature of the power source unit 23 is within the function guaranteed temperature. Further, in the above-described first embodiment, the power supply unit 23 is estimated by adding a predetermined temperature (for example, 5 degrees) to the measurement 値 of the temperature measuring portion 21 provided at the periphery of the nacelle 6. The ambient temperature, however, is not limited to this method regarding the method of estimating the ambient temperature of the power source unit 23 from the outside air temperature. For example, the ambient temperature of the power supply unit 23 is affected not only by the temperature of the outside air but also by other factors such as the influence of heat from a heater or the like provided in the nacelle 6 for providing heating. At -16- 1374221, the ambient temperature of the power supply unit 23 can be estimated from the outside air temperature using a predetermined calculation formula having parameters related to the heater. Thereby, the estimation accuracy of the ambient temperature of the power supply unit 23 can be improved. Further, the installation position of the temperature measuring unit 21 may be arranged inside the casing 6. Thereby, the measurement accuracy of the temperature of the power source unit 23 can be further improved in comparison with the case where the temperature measuring unit 21 is disposed outside the nacelle 6. Thereby, even if the temperature relationship between the outside air temperature and the temperature in the nacelle 6 changes, it is possible to cope with it. Further, for example, the temperature measuring unit 21 may be installed in the power source unit 23. Thereby, the temperature of the power source unit 23 itself can be measured, so that the first temperature threshold 値 can be set to a temperature at which the function of the power source unit 23 is limited by the guaranteed allowable range (for example, the lowest temperature at which the function is guaranteed). Thereby, the power supply unit 23 can use the limit of the temperature at which the function is guaranteed. [Second Embodiment] Next, a wind power generation device 2, a control method therefor, and a wind power generation system according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The wind power generation system 1 of the present embodiment has the same configuration as that of the above-described first embodiment. However, the processing of the control method for the opening and closing control of the shutter 3 performed by the control unit 22 is different. Specifically, in the first embodiment described above, the ambient temperature of the power source unit 23 is estimated from the outside air temperature, and the estimated ambient temperature is compared with the first temperature threshold ,. However, in the present embodiment, The outside air temperature is directly compared with the first temperature threshold -17 -17 - 1374221 to perform the opening and closing judgment of the shutter 3 . The opening and closing determination processing method of the shutter 3 executed by the control unit 22 will be described below with reference to Figs. 3 and 4 . [Operation flow in the case where the shutter 3 is in the closed state] The control unit 22 determines whether or not the outside air temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit 21 provided on the periphery of the nacelle 6 is smaller than the function according to the power source unit 23 The first temperature 决定 determined by the temperature is ensured (step SA1 of Fig. 3). As a result, when the outside air temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit 21 is smaller than the first temperature threshold ( (YES in the step SA1 in FIG. 3), the determination is made next. : Whether the voltage of the power system 10 acquired by the system voltage measuring unit 26 is smaller than the voltage threshold 步骤 (step SA2 of FIG. 3). Thereby, it can be determined whether or not a power outage has occurred. As a result, when it is determined that the voltage of the electric power system 10 is smaller than the voltage threshold ,, the control unit 22 determines whether the state in which the outside air temperature is lower than the first temperature threshold 値 and the voltage of the electric power system 1 小于 is smaller than the voltage threshold 维持 is maintained. Scheduled period. Here, a determination is made as to whether or not the predetermined period is maintained. In the present embodiment, the ambient temperature of the power source unit 23 is not estimated from the outside air temperature as in the first embodiment described above. When the state in which the outside air temperature is lower than the first temperature 经过 has elapsed for a predetermined period, the outside air temperature is considered to coincide with the peripheral temperature of the power source unit 23. 18- 1374221 In general, if the outside air temperature becomes less than a predetermined threshold, heating is provided due to the operation of a heater or the like in the nacelle 6. Thereby, although the temperature drop of the power supply unit 23 can be suppressed, for example: When a power failure occurs, causing the power supply to the heater to be cut off, the temperature of the power supply unit 23 will gradually decrease, and finally will be lowered to the same temperature as the external air. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the heater is not activated. In the state of the power system 10, that is, the state in which the voltage of the power system 10 is less than the power threshold 持续 continues for a predetermined period, the ambient temperature of the power source unit 23 is regarded as the same as the outside air temperature, and it is determined that the power source unit 23 The ambient temperature becomes smaller than the first temperature threshold 値. Further, since this is the case, the predetermined period may be referred to as, for example, the time required for the ambient temperature of the power source unit 23 to decrease to the same as the outside air temperature. As a result of the above-described step SA3, when the state in which the outside air temperature is lower than the first temperature threshold 値 and the voltage of the power system 10 is less than the voltage 维持 is maintained for a predetermined period, the control unit 22 sends the "open" to the shutter 3. The command signal is to operate the shutter 3 in the open state (step SA4). Further, from step SA1 to step S A3, if any of the conditions is not met, the process returns to step SA1, and the above-described determination operation is repeatedly performed at predetermined intervals. [Operation flow in the case where the shutter 3 is in the open state] The control unit 22 determines whether or not the outside air temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit 21 is determined from the function guaranteed temperature of the power source unit 23 - 19- 1374221 The second temperature is above 闽値. Further, at this point of time, the warm-up operation provided by the heater has been stopped, so that the outside air temperature can be treated as the same as the temperature of the power supply unit 23. Therefore, the outside air temperature can be regarded as the peripheral temperature of the power source unit 23, and the determination processing can be performed. In the case where the outside air temperature is equal to or higher than the second temperature 闽値 in the step SB1, the control unit 22 outputs a "close" command for causing the shutter 3 to operate in the closed state. Thereby, the shutter 3 will be changed from the open state to the closed state, and the power supply unit 23 and the power system 10 will be connected. As described above, according to the wind power generator 2 of the present embodiment, the control method therefor, and the wind power generation system 1, the ambient temperature of the power supply unit 23 is not estimated, but the temperature measurement by the periphery of the nacelle 6 is directly used. The opening and closing control of the shutter 3 is performed by the outside air temperature measured by the portion 21. Thereby, in addition to the same effects as those of the first embodiment described above, it is not necessary to perform the processing for estimating the ambient temperature of the power supply unit 23. Further, as described above, in the present embodiment, although the outside air temperature is regarded as the same as the peripheral temperature system of the power source unit 23 after the power failure state is maintained for a predetermined period, it is not necessary to wait for the elapsed time. During the predetermined period, that is, the ambient temperature can be directly regarded as the peripheral temperature of the power supply unit 23, and when the peripheral temperature does not reach the first temperature and the system voltage does not reach the voltage 闽値, the shutter 3 is operated as Open state. Therefore, in the case where the outside air temperature is regarded as the peripheral temperature of the power source unit 23, the difference between the two is larger than that of the above example, but even in this case, the temperature of the power source unit 23 is almost It does not decrease to a temperature lower than the temperature of -20-1374221. Therefore, it is still possible to prevent the power supply unit 23 from being applied with a voltage below the guaranteed temperature. Further, the opening and closing method of the shutter 3 can be performed manually by the field worker. 'The power can be automatically executed by the power supply from the power storage device 24 disposed in the nacelle 6. If the power is supplied from the power storage device 24 When the control of the shutter 3 is automatically performed by the power supply, it is necessary to store electric power in the power storage device 24 sufficient for the shutter 3 to perform the opening and closing operation. In other words, in the present embodiment, when the power failure occurs and the power supply from the electric power system 10 is cut off, the power is supplied from the power storage device 24 to the switch 3. Therefore, the residual capacity of the power storage device 24 will be rapidly reduced as a point of occurrence of the power failure (for example, please refer to time t3 to t4 in Fig. 5). Therefore, for example, when the period from the occurrence of the power failure to the time when the shutter 3 is turned on is too long, the residual capacity of the electrical storage device 24 may be reduced to the amount required to operate the shutter 3 after the passage of this period. The remaining capacity is below. For this reason, if the opening and closing of the shutter 3 is automatically controlled by the power supply from the power storage device 24, the predetermined period of step SA3 in Fig. 3 is preferably determined depending on the remaining capacity of the power storage device 24. Next, the operation of the wind power generator 2 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to specific examples, and will be described with reference to Figs. 3 to 5 . Fig. 5 is a view showing changes in the state of the outside air temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit 21 and the machine or the like that is operated in association with the outside air temperature. Further, in the present embodiment, the case where the first temperature threshold - -21 - 1374221 is set to -30 degrees and the second temperature 闽値 is set to -25 degrees will be described. Further, in the case described here, the control system that operates the shutter 3 in the open state is performed by the power supply from the power storage device 24, and the control system that operates the shutter 3 in the closed state is manually operated by the field operator. The way to do it. First, the temperature is gradually lowered from the time t! in Fig. 5, and becomes, for example, -2 5 degrees, and the operation of the generator is stopped. Further, the temperature is lowered again, and when the outside air temperature becomes less than -30 degrees at the time point t2, the control unit 22 determines "YES" in the processing of step SA1 in Fig. 3 . Further, when the outside air temperature becomes a predetermined temperature or lower, the heater in the nacelle 6 is actuated to provide heating for the inside of the nacelle 6. Next, during the period from the time t2 to the time t3, the temperature is further lowered. At the time t3, the power system 10 has a power failure or the like, causing the voltage of the power system 10 to become smaller than the voltage 闽値 (for example, 0 volt). The control unit 22 determines "YES" in the processing of step SA2 in Fig. 3 . Further, at this time, power supply to the heater is cut off due to a power failure or the like. Further, since power supply to the switch 3 is also cut off from the power system 10 due to a power failure or the like, the power is supplied to the switch 3 from the power storage device 24 provided instead of the power source. Thereby, the residual capacity of the power storage device 24 also decreases as time passes. Then, at time U, if it is judged that the outside air temperature has not reached the predetermined temperature 'and the voltage of the electric power system 10 is less than the voltage -22 -22 - 1374221 continues for a predetermined period, the control unit 22 is In the process of step SA3 of Fig. 3, it is judged as "YES", and the control unit 22 outputs an "on" command signal to the shutter 3 that causes the shutter 3 to operate in an open state. In addition, the predetermined period at this time is set such that the remaining capacity of the power storage device 24 does not become a range equal to or less than the residual capacity corresponding to the electric power required to perform the opening and closing control of the shutter 3. When the "open" command signal is obtained by the shutter 3, the power supply from the φ power storage device 24 is received, and the operation is turned on. When the shutter 3 is turned on, it is not necessary to supply power to the shutter 3, and the power supply to the shutter 3 is stopped, and the power storage device 24 is in a state of natural discharge. In this state, in FIG. At the time point t5, the power system 10 resumes power supply and the outside air temperature also starts to rise. When it is -25 degrees or more at the time t6, it is determined that the control unit 22 is in step SB1 of Fig. 4 As a result, "YES", the control unit 22 outputs a "closed" command signal to the shutter 3 that can operate the shutter 3 in a closed state. Thereby, the shutter 3 will be in a closed state, and the power unit 23 and the electric power system 10 will be connected. Since the power from the power system 10 will be restarted, the heater inside the nacelle 6 will be activated, and the warm-up operation will be turned on again (step SB4 in Fig. 4). Then, by using the heater so that the electric machine disposed in the nacelle 6 is warmed and heated to a predetermined temperature (for example, the function guarantee temperature of each machine), the operation of the wind power generator 2 will be reopened (4th) Step SB4) of the figure. Thereby, the power generation -23-1374221 executed by the wind power generator 2 is reopened, and the generated power is also supplied to the power storage device 24, whereby the power storage device 24 can be charged. [Brief Description of the Drawings] Fig. 1 is a view showing an example of the overall configuration of a wind power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a view showing a schematic configuration of a wind power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a flow chart showing the operation of the connection between the wind power generator and the power system. Fig. 4 is a flow chart of the operation in the case where the wind power generator and the power system are connected. Fig. 5 is a view for explaining the outside air temperature measured from the periphery of the nacelle and the opening and closing state of the shutter and the state of the power storage device. [Explanation of main component symbols] 1 : Wind power generation system 2 : Wind power generation device 3 = Shutter 2 1 : Temperature measurement unit 22 : Control unit 23 : Power supply unit 24 : Power storage device 25 : Power supply line -24 - 1374221