TWI353456B

TWI353456B - Wireless localization apparatus and method

Info

Publication number: TWI353456B
Application number: TW96115093A
Authority: TW
Inventors: David Jonathan Julian; Manuel E Jaime; Chong U Lee; Michael J Wengler; Kamran Moallemi
Original assignee: Qualcomm Inc
Priority date: 2006-04-28
Filing date: 2007-04-27
Publication date: 2011-12-01
Also published as: AR060717A1; TW200804855A

Description

^53456 九、發明說明：【發明所屬之技術領域】本發明概言之係關於無線定位，及無線器件之間的定位〇【先前技術】吾人已知各種用於判定一對象之位置之技術。舉例而吕，一雷達系統藉由將射頻（"RF")信號引向一對象及偵測自該對象折回之信號來判定該對象之定位。隨後，可藉由刀析所接收之信號以（例如）判定信號穿行至該對象及返回所花費之時間來判定對象與雷達系統之間的距離。某些追蹤方案利用一雙向測距技術，包含於一距離判定作業中之每一器件藉以利用一將信號發送至另一收發機之收發機。舉例而言’―想要判定與—第二器件之相對距離之第一器件可藉由將-信號發送至該第二器件來啟始一位置判定作業。在接收到該信號後，第二器件將—回應信號發送回第-器件。隨後’第一器件可基於所接收之信號判 =等器件之間的距離。舉例而t，該第—器件可藉由計异仏就在該等器件之間傳播所花費之時間來判定距離。測距技術亦可用於判定各器件之㈣相對方向。舉例而 :二：縱器！可包括多個接收天線、多個發射天線或二白匕該等天線之間由一距離分隔開， Λ. C1 χ, ^ T 該距離足勺大X針對母一天線創建完全制哭杜-r —丄彳0號路從。隨後’量 " °錯由對經由每一信號路徑接收之_ # % , 量來刺宗你&、ά < 或進行三角測里來判疋與所追蹤器件之相對方向 j阳δ，可計算每 120637.doc 1353456 一天線與所追蹤器件之天線之間的距離。隨後，可基於該等距離及基於追蹤器件之各個天線之間的已知距離來判定該等器件之間的相對方向。存在大量其中測距技術可潛在地由一人用以定位另一對象之情形。舉例而言，一人可能想要定位鑰匙或另一人 (例如，一兒里）。然而，實際上，包括方向性定位能力之器件可能因各天線之間的相對廣闊間距而對某些應用來說過大。此外，此種器件可能針對每一天線利用若干單獨之 RF前端（例如’收發槪），從而增加了器件成本。【發明内容】下文概述本揭示内容之實例性態樣。應瞭解，對本文各態樣之任何引用可能關於本揭示内容之一個或多個態樣。本揭示内容係關於某些判定一器件位置之態樣。於某些態樣中，該器件可包括一欲定位之固定式或移動式對象，或與其相關聯》於此處，該器件之位置可關於與該器件之距離、自一既定之有利位置至該器件之方向，或二者皆包括。本揭示内容係關於某些與一***件有關之態樣，該定位器件來回移動以產生至少一個關於該***件與一目標器件之間的距離之指示。於此處，該***件可隨目標器件移動而數次量測與該目標器件之距離。舉例而言，該定位器件可在***件處於一第一地點時量測與目標器件之距離，隨後在***件處於一第二地點時再次量測。於某些態樣中，***件可產生―個或多個關於一個或 120637.doc 1353456 多個所量測距離之指示。舉例而言，***件可邊移動邊產生一個或多個指示。於此處，***件可產生一可聽、可視或溫度指示，該指示可指出：與***件之一先前位置相比，其當前位置離目標器件是更近還是更遠。*** 件亦可在脉置判定作業結I時產生一經量測之距離指示β舉例而言，-旦***件停止移動，其即可顯示該等器件之間的實際距離。本揭示内容係關於某些態樣：基於目標器件與***件之間的距離量測及基於其中***件量測與目標器件之距離的各***件地點之間的距離，判定目標器件之位置。舉例而言，可使用三角量測、三邊量測或某—其他合適技術以基於所量測距離及上文提及之第一與第二地點之間的距離來判定與目標器件之方向。於此處，可藉由使用一行動偵測組件（例如，一加速度計）或藉由以一確定性方式移動***件來判定該等地點之間的距離。作為後一情形之一實例，***件可隨其根據一預定模式移動而量測與目標器件之距離。於此情形中，***件可藉由使每一距離量測之時序與預疋型態内之各個位置相關來判定不同量測地點之間的距離。藉由使用上述技術，***件可產生一關於自***件之視角看至目標器件之方向之指示。如上文論述，*** 件可隨其移動而產生指示。亦即，***件可參照任一既定時間點處之***件產生一其與目標器件之方向之可恥、可視或溫度指示。於某些態樣中，***件亦可在位 120637.doc 1353456 置判定作業結束時產生一指示。舉例而言，一旦***件已停止移動’則其可顯示—指向目標器件方向之指示。於某些樣中，***件可利用自目標器件接收之信號來判定目標器件之位置。舉例而言，於某些實施方案中，該等器件可使用-雙向測距技術來實施距離量測。於此情形中’***件可基於盆回庫於盆森.主s 忍π /、U應於其發送至目標器件之信號而自目標器件接收之信號來量測該距離。 ***件可制各種信號處理技術之—者或多者來判定該等器件之間的距離。舉例而言，定位ϋ件可基於-接收信號之信號強度、基於一接收信號之傳播延時或基於一接收信號之相對相位來判定該等器件之間的距離。於某些態樣中，該等写件可古4丨矛窃忏了有利地利用一單個天線。舉例而S >可以一連績方决香# & & 万式實施該等距離量測作業，從而使疋位器件可利用一單個夭錄；(J 一 ΠΟ 天線及一早個收發機來發射及接收信號。同樣，目標器件可利爾什J扪用一早個天線及一單個收發機來發射及接收信號。因此，可祛田击· 了使用更少的部件構造該等器件，從而潛在地提供—更小尺』之形狀因子及更低之成本。【實施方式】下文閣述本揭不内客之J.« 今之各種態樣。應瞭解，本文之教示可實施為大量不同形式，且太五本文揭不之任一指定結構、功月&或一者皆僅係代表性。基於士 — 基於本文之教示，熟習此項技術者應瞭解’本文揭示之—個能棋個態樣可獨立於任何其他態樣來構建，且該等態樣之兩個戍 A更夕個可以各種方式組合。舉例而言，可使用任—數詈之本文所列舉態樣來構建一裝置 120637.doc -10· 1353456 或實施一方法。此外，可使用本文所列舉態樣之一者或多者之外的或不同於本文所列舉態樣之一者或多者的其他結構、功能或結構及功能來構建此種裝置或實行此種方法。如上文之一實例，在某些態樣中，可基於當一器件分別處於第一及第二位置時接收之第一及第二信號來定位另一器件》此外，於某些態樣中，可藉由產生該等器件之間的距離及一器件與另一器件之方向的至少一個指示來定位一器件0</ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; For example, a radar system determines the location of an object by directing a radio frequency ("RF") signal to an object and detecting a signal that is folded back from the object. The distance between the object and the radar system can then be determined by analyzing the received signal to, for example, determine the time it takes for the signal to travel to the object and return. Some tracking schemes utilize a two-way ranging technique whereby each device included in a distance determination operation utilizes a transceiver that transmits a signal to another transceiver. For example, a first device that desires to determine the relative distance to the second device can initiate a bitwise decision operation by transmitting a signal to the second device. After receiving the signal, the second device sends a -response signal back to the first device. The 'first device' can then determine the distance between the devices based on the received signal. By way of example, the first device can determine the distance by counting the time it takes to propagate between the devices. The ranging technique can also be used to determine the relative direction of each device. For example: Two: the vertical device! It may include multiple receiving antennas, multiple transmitting antennas or two white clouds. The antennas are separated by a distance, Λ. C1 χ, ^ T. This distance is large enough to create a complete crying for the female antenna. r —丄彳0号路从. Subsequent 'quantity' is determined by the _#% received by each signal path, and you are punctured by you &, ά < or triangulation to determine the relative direction of the tracked device, j y, The distance between an antenna and the antenna of the tracked device can be calculated per 120637.doc 1353456. The relative orientation between the devices can then be determined based on the equidistant distance and a known distance between the respective antennas based on the tracking device. There are a large number of situations in which ranging techniques can potentially be used by one person to locate another object. For example, one person may want to locate a key or another person (eg, in one). However, in practice, devices that include directional positioning capabilities may be too large for some applications due to the relatively wide spacing between the antennas. In addition, such devices may utilize several separate RF front ends (e.g., 'transceivers') for each antenna, thereby increasing device cost. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The following describes an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure. It should be understood that any reference to the various aspects herein may be directed to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. This disclosure is directed to certain aspects of determining a device location. In some aspects, the device can include, or be associated with, a stationary or mobile object to be positioned. Here, the position of the device can be related to the distance from the device, from a predetermined advantageous position to The orientation of the device, or both. The present disclosure is directed to certain aspects associated with a positioning device that moves back and forth to produce at least one indication of the distance between the positioning device and a target device. Here, the positioning device can measure the distance from the target device several times as the target device moves. For example, the positioning device can measure the distance to the target device when the positioning device is at a first location and then re-measure when the positioning device is in a second location. In some aspects, the positioning device can generate one or more indications of one or more measured distances of one or 120637.doc 1353456. For example, the positioning device can generate one or more indications while moving. Here, the positioning device can generate an audible, visual or temperature indication that indicates whether the current position is closer or further away from the target device than the previous position of one of the positioning devices. The positioning device can also generate a measured distance indication β when the pulse determination operation is completed. For example, if the positioning device stops moving, it can display the actual distance between the devices. The present disclosure is directed to certain aspects: determining the location of a target device based on the distance measurement between the target device and the positioning device and based on the distance between each of the positioning device locations in which the positioning device measures the distance from the target device. For example, triangulation, trilateration, or some other suitable technique may be used to determine the direction of the target device based on the measured distance and the distance between the first and second locations mentioned above. Here, the distance between the locations can be determined by using a line detection component (e.g., an accelerometer) or by moving the positioning device in a deterministic manner. As an example of the latter case, the positioning device can measure the distance from the target device as it moves according to a predetermined pattern. In this case, the positioning device can determine the distance between the different measurement locations by correlating the timing of each distance measurement with the respective locations within the pre-form. By using the techniques described above, the positioning device can produce an indication of the direction of the target device from the perspective of the self-aligning device. As discussed above, the positioning device can be instructed as it moves. That is, the positioning device can produce a shameful, visual or temperature indication of its orientation with the target device by reference to the positioning device at any given point in time. In some aspects, the positioning device may also generate an indication at the end of the determination operation at bit 120637.doc 1353456. For example, once the positioning device has stopped moving, it can be displayed - an indication of the direction of the target device. In some cases, the positioning device can utilize the signals received from the target device to determine the position of the target device. For example, in certain embodiments, the devices can implement distance measurements using a two-way ranging technique. In this case, the locating device can measure the distance based on the signal received by the target device based on the signal that the singularity of the singularity _ _ /, U should be sent to the target device. The locating device can make one or more of a variety of signal processing techniques to determine the distance between the devices. For example, the positioning component can determine the distance between the devices based on the signal strength of the received signal, based on the propagation delay of a received signal, or based on the relative phase of a received signal. In some instances, the writings can be used to advantage of a single antenna. For example, S > can implement the distance measurement operation in a continuous manner, so that the clamp device can utilize a single recording; (J ΠΟ antenna and an early transceiver to transmit And the receiving signal. Similarly, the target device can use Lerish J to transmit and receive signals with an early antenna and a single transceiver. Therefore, it is possible to construct such devices using fewer components, thereby potentially The shape factor of the "smaller" is provided and the cost is lower. [Embodiment] The following is a description of the various aspects of the J. « present. It should be understood that the teachings of this article can be implemented in a large number of different forms. And any of the specified structures, power moons, and/or ones are not representative. Based on the teachings of this article, those who are familiar with this technology should understand that The sample can be constructed independently of any other aspect, and the two 该A can be combined in various ways. For example, any of the aspects listed herein can be used to construct a device 120637. .doc -10· 135 </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> Device or method of performing such a method. In one aspect, in some aspects, another device can be located based on the first and second signals received when one device is in the first and second positions, respectively. In some aspects, a device can be located by generating a distance between the devices and at least one indication of the direction of one device and the other device.

圖1圖解說明一系統100之實例性態樣，在該系統中一第一器件102判定一第r器件1〇4之相對位置。於某些實施方案中，第二器件104可與一欲追蹤對象相關聯（例如，附裝至該對象、由該對象固持、構建於該對象内、及諸如此類）。於此種情形中’只要需要判定該對象之位置，即可在器件102上調用或另外(例如，#由致動一器件⑽上之開關）啟用一位置判定作業。1 illustrates an exemplary aspect of a system 100 in which a first device 102 determines the relative position of an rth device 1〇4. In some embodiments, the second device 104 can be associated with (e.g., attached to, retained by, built into, and/or like) an object to be tracked. In this case, a position determination operation can be invoked on device 102 or otherwise (e.g., by actuating a switch on a device (10)) as long as the position of the object needs to be determined.

於某些態樣中，位置判定作業包括·來回移動器4 ⑽，並利用器件⑽提供之基於距離之指示來判定與器子 1〇4之―方向。舉例而言，隨器件⑽與！〇4之間的距離灰小，-可聽指示之頻率可升高或一色彩指深。因此，器件1〇2之使用去π MJ ^ 件1〇4之方… 使用者可藉由下述步驟來判定與器方向.來回移動器件丨㈣判心那—方向會與目標器件之最短距離之指示。舉: 器件102，則沿該弧之备，口弧移動相關聯。因而，—自該弧之中、、最局頻率或最暗之陰影以 t〜點穿過弧上與最高頻率或 I20637.doc -11· 1353456 最暗之陰影相關聯之點指引之虛擬線可指向器件1〇4。如下文將進一步詳細論述，應瞭解器件1〇2產生之指示可採取各種其他形式。圖1圖解說明一實例，其中一位置判定作業包括沿一由虛線106展示之路徑移動器件1〇2。於此處，將器件1〇2自一由點Α標記之位置（例如，地點）（其中將器件1〇〇之先前定位繪示為一虛線框）移動至一由點D標記之位置。隨器件102沿路徑1〇6移動，器件1〇〇判定自路徑1〇6上各位置至器件104之距離。舉例而言，器件1 〇2可判定器件 1〇2在位置A處時與器件1〇4之距離。此外，器件1〇2可判定當器件102在位置D處時與器件1〇4之距離。如虛線108A、108B、110A及110B展示，器件102可基於在器件102與104之間傳輸的一個或多個信號、根據一標準測距技術判定每一位置處之距離。舉例而言，於一使用雙向測距技術之實施方案中，器件1〇2可將信號1〇8八及11〇八傳輸至器件104以分別在位置入及〇處啟始距離判定作業。作為回應，器件1〇4可將信號108B&11〇B傳輸回器件1〇2。下文中將更詳細論述此類信號形成及使用之實例。根據本揭示内容之某些態樣，路徑1〇6可包括一大致預定之路徑。於此情形中，一器件1〇2之使用者可經指示以 ίσ該路佐移動器件1 〇 2，從而實施一位置判定作業。路徑106可包括一以一離散方式或連續方式界定之預定型態。舉例而言，一離散式型態可包括兩個或更多個互相保持一既定距離之位置（例如，分開〇5米）。於一簡單實例 120637.doc •12· 1353456 中，一使用者可將器件102向左移動〇 5米，隨後將器件 102向右移動〇.5米。一連續型態可包括一直線、一弧或與器件102之某些其他合適行動相關。因此，於此情形中，使用者可沿所界定之直線、弧等移動器件1〇2以判定器件 104之位置。該預定路徑可與一個或多個其他標準相關聯。舉例而口此標準可包括一開始地點、一結束地點、及器件1 〇2 將藉由該預定型態移動之時間週期。作為一指定實例，使用者可在兩秒之週期内藉由一雙支點弧以一掃描行動從左至右移動器件102。藉由使用一預定路徑，可知曉器件1〇2 藉以#〗疋與器件1〇4之距離之每一位置（在一既定誤差度内）。從而，可容易地判定該等位置之間的一個或多個相對距離。於某些態樣中，可利用一使用者輸入器件來促進一位置衫作業’於某些實施方案中’使用者可按下一按鈕來指示位置判定作業之某些事件。作為一指定實例，一使用者可致動一器件102上之按鈕以開始一位置判定作業，隨後當完成該移動之某一階段時（例如，將器件移動至左側）再次致動該按紐，隨後於器件i 之移動完成後（例如，於器件102移動回右側後）再次致動該按鈕。 :某二實施方案中，一使用者可在一位置判定作業期間 (例如，於移動器件102之整個時間期間）壓緊一按鈕。根據本揭示内容之某些態樣，器件102可包括一位置追蹤組件（例如，-加速度計），用於判定其中器件iG2量測與 120637.doc •13- 1353456 器件104之距離之每一位置之間的一個或多個相對距離。於此情形中’器件102可能不必非以一預定方式移動。舉例而言，即使器件102以一隨機方式移動，位置追蹤組件亦可能能夠判定其中器件1〇2量測距離之各地點。在器件102判定與器件1〇4之距離時，器件1〇2可產生一個或多個關於所量測距離或關於器件1〇4之相對方向之指示。舉例而言，可在沿路徑106之一個或多個位置處指示一經量測距離。於圖i之實例中，器件i 〇2可隨其在位置 A、B、C及D處沿路徑106來回移動或在其已完成沿該路徑來回移動後產生指示。於某些實施方案中，器件1〇2可指示：在其藉由路徑1〇6移動時，其是距離器件1〇4更近還是更遠。器件102亦可指示在沿路徑1〇6上任一點處器件1〇2 與104之間的實際距離。此外，器件1〇2可指示相對於器件 102在沿路徑1〇6上任一點處與器件1〇4之方向。此種指示可採取下述形式：-可聽指示、-可視指示、一溫度指示某其他合適指示、或兩個或更多個該等指示之某一組合。器件102及1〇4可採取各種形式或可構建為各種器件。舉幻而D於某些實施方案中，器件1〇2可包括一可攜式器件例如蜂巢式電話、一可攜式娛樂器件（例如，一音樂播放器）、一可攜式資料助理、一錶及類似器件。於某 :實施方案中，器件1〇4可包括一相對小之器件，其可易；攜帶、附裝至—錄匙鍵、或附裝至或整合於某一其他類型之對象中。 120637.doc 考量上述概述，現將結合圖2、3及4更詳細地論述可經實施以定位一器件之實例性作業。圖2圖解說明可整合於器件102及104中之實例性功能组件。圖3圖解說明器件1〇2 可實施以***件104之實例性作業。圖4圖解說明器件 104可結合益件102之作業來實施之實例性作業。為簡便起見圖3及4之作業（或者，本文論述或教示之任何其他作業）可闡述為由指定組件實施（例如，器件1〇2或器件1〇4)。然而’應暸解’該等作業可由其他類型之組件實施且可使用不同數量之組件來實施。亦應瞭解，本文所述作業之一者或多者可不實施於一既定實施方案中。於圖2中，器件1〇2經由一無線通信鏈路2〇6與器件1〇4進行通信，以判定器件104之位置。為此，器件1〇2包括一收發機208及一天線210。同樣，器件1〇4包括一收發機212及一天線214。器件102及1〇4較佳可分別使用一單個收發機及一單個天線。然而，應瞭解，在某些實施方案中，該兩個器件之一者或二者可使用多於一個收發機及天線。然而於此隋幵》中，一既定器件無需使用以較大空間隔開以執行本文教示之位置判定作業之天線。現參照圖3，區塊302展示一位置判定作業之開始。於某些實施方案中，可基於一自移動或地點指示符216(圖2)接收之指示開始此作業。舉例而言，一使用者可藉由激活一輸入器件218(例如，器件102之開關）來啟始該位置判定作業。應瞭解，亦可使用其他技術開始此作業。舉例而言，於某些實施例十，可基於器件1〇2之移動開始位置判定作 120637.doc -15- 1353456 業。舉例而言，可使用一加速度計220來判定器件i〇2是否已以一與開始一位置判定作業相關聯之預定方式移動。如圖3中之區塊304所展示，器件102隨之以一促進判定器件204之地點之方式移動。舉例而言，如上文論述，器件102可根據一預定型態、沿一已界定路徑、以一界定之行動速率、根據某一其他參數或根據該等參數之一者或多者之某一組合來移動。如區塊306所展示’可視需要地判定（例如，追蹤）器件 102之移動。舉例而言’加速度計220可基於器件1〇2之移動而產生加速度讀數《隨後，可處理該等加速度讀數或其他合適讀數以隨器件102之移動判定其相對位置。舉例而言’加速度讀數可對時間二重積分以判定器件1〇2之相對地點。於某些實施方案中’對器件1 02之移動之判定可開始於位置判定作業開始時（例如，當於區塊3 〇2處致動輸入器件2 1 8時）。如區塊308所展示，在沿該路徑之某一點處（例如，當器件102處於一第一位置處時）器件1〇2將一第一信號傳輸至器件104以開始或另外實施一距離量測。於圖2之實例中，一信號產生器22 1可為一經由通信鏈路2〇6傳輸信號之發射機222產生信號《於某些態樣中，發射機^22可將一信號發射至器件104，告知器件1〇4—測距作業正被開始。舉例而吕，該信號可包括一請求器件1〇4以一信號來回應之訊息，該信號可用於一距離判定作業。發射機222發射之信號可與一單向測距作業（例如，請求發送一單向信號）、一 120637.doc •16· 1353456 雙向測距作業（例如，一在一信號往返時間之計算期間使用之初始信號）或某一其他距離判定作業相關聯。圖4圖解說明可由器件1〇4實施以產生回應信號之實例性作業。如區塊402所展示，一旦收發機212之接收機224接收到來自器件102之信號，接收機224即可將對應資訊提供給一位置處理器226。如區塊404所展示，器件104實施一個或多個作業以促進由器件102引導之距離量測。舉例而言，於使用單向距離量測方案之實施方案中，位置處理器226之單向處理組件 252可判定需要產生之回應信號類型及/或可發送此種信號之時間。於使用雙向（例如，往返時間）距離量測方案之實施方案中’位置處理器226之雙向處理組件254可判定器件104之信號回復時間或可規定一已界定之回復時間。於此處，信號回復時間可關於區塊402處之信號接收與區塊4〇8處之回應信號傳輸（下文所述）之間的時間。於某些雙向距離量測方案中，與距離相關之作業可包括器件104之相位鎖定電路228 ’其鎖定至所接收信號之相位。下文中將結合圖6更詳細地論述此類實施方案之實例0 如區塊406所展示，器件1〇4可基於區塊4〇4之處理產生一合適之回應信號》為此，單向處理組件252或雙向處理組件254可與一信號產生器230合作以針對一單向測距作業、雙向測距作業或某一其他類型之測距作業提供一合適 120637.doc -17- 之回應信號。如區塊408所展示，收發機212之發射機232將該回應信破傳輸至器件102。於某些實施方案中，此傳輸可藉由使用與在區塊402處接收信號所使用之同一收發機及天線來達成。再次參照圖3，如區塊310所展示，器件1〇2之接收機234 自器件104接收回應信號。此信號之接收亦可藉由使用與在區塊308處發射該信號所使用之同一收發機及天線來達成。於某些態樣中’可在器件102大致位於相同位置時實施區塊308及310之作業。舉例而言，於圖1中，該等初始之測距作業可實施於位置A處或其附近。如區塊312所展示’器件1〇2在沿其路徑之某一稍後點處 (例如，於一第二位置處）將一第二信號傳輸至器件1 〇4以初始或另外實施一額外之距離量測》如區塊3 14所展示，器件102可因此自器件1 〇4接收一後續之回應信號。再次，於某些態樣中’區塊3 12及3 14之作業可大致實施於相同位置。舉例而言，於圖1中該等作業可實施於位置D處或其附近。圖3之流程圖圖解說明一其中器件ι〇2最初參照器件ι〇4 引導兩個距離量測之實例。應瞭解，可在一既定實施方案中做出其他距離量測。如區塊316所展示，器件1〇2之位置判定器236可基於該第一及第二回應信號及基於器件1〇2之第一及第二位置來 120637.doc -18· 1353456 判疋器件104相對於該第一器件之位置。於此處，一距離處理器238使用上述信號並結合區塊3〇8_314判定器件ι〇2 與104之間的每一距離。此外，距離處理器238判定器件 102沿其路徑在第一與第二位置之間的相對距離。隨後，位置判定器236可藉由對器件1〇2與1〇4之間的經判定距離及器件102之第一與第二位置之間的相對距離執行一三角里測作業或某一其他合適作業來判定器件i 〇4之相對地點。舉例而言，一方向處理器24〇可判定自器件1〇2至器件 104之相對方向。可使用各種測距技術來判定器件1 〇2與1 〇4之間的距離。舉例而言，於某些實施方案中，器件1〇2可包括一相位量測盗242，其適合於基於一接收信號之相位來量測器件1〇2 與104之間的距離。於某些實施方案中，器件1〇2可包括一傳播時間量測器244，其適合於量測接收信號之傳播時間。於某些實施方案中，器件1〇2可包括一信號強度量測器246，其適合於量測接收信號之信號強度。下文中將結合圖5及6更詳細地論述該等技術。位置判定器236可基於與器件1〇2之路徑相關之已知資訊或已判定資訊來判定第一與第二位置之間的距離。舉例而言，當沿一已界定路徑移動器件1〇2時，可比較器件1〇2實施每一距離量測之時間（例如，與區塊31〇及314相關聯之時間）與器件102開始移動之時間（例如，與區塊3〇4相關聯之時間）。基於此比較，位置判定器236可判定當器件1〇2 實施完每一距離量測時已沿該界定路徑向下移動之距離。 120637.doc -19· 1353456 以此方式，位置判定器236可判定器件i〇2在每一上述時間處之期望位置。隨後，位置判定器236可計算該等期望位置之間的相對距離。隨後，可使用此相對距離進行三角量測或上文闡述之其他作業。相反’當追蹤器件102之移動時（例如，如上文結合區塊 3 06所述）’可使件1 〇2實施每一距離量測之時間與與彼等時間相關聯之追蹤（例如，加速度）讀數相關聯。隨後，位置判定器236可使用此時序資訊及相關聯之追蹤讀數來判定器件102實施每一距離量測之各地點之間的相對距離。如區塊318所展示’一位置指示產生器248可隨之產生器件104之位置指示。如上文提及，可在一位置判定作業期間（例如，於與區塊3 10及3 14相關聯之時間期間或之後不久）或在完成位置判定作業之後產生一個或多個指示。因此，在前者之情形中，當器件i 〇2於位置判定作業期間沿其路徑移動時，可視需要重複區塊312_318之作業。於後者之情形中，可在位置判定作業結束時實施區塊318(及視需要地，區塊316)之作業。如上文論述，該指示可指出器件1〇2與104之間的距離、器件104相對於器件1〇2之方向，或二者皆包括。此種指示可採取下述形式：一可聽指示、一可視指示、一溫度指示、某一其他合適指示、或該等指示之一者或多者之某一組合。為此’位置指示產生器248可包括一適合於以合音形式輸出一指示之輸出器件250 » 120637.doc -20- 於某些實施方案中，輸出器件250可包括一轉換器（例如 —揚聲器），其藉由基於已判定位置產生一聲音或改變— 聲音來提供一可聽指示。舉例而言，一聲音之音量或頰率可隨器件102與104之間的距離減小而增大。於圖1之實例中’假設器件102於位置A、B、C及D處做出距離量測，則所放出之聲音可在每一接續位置處變得越來越響。應啥解，上述僅係使用一可聽指示之一個實例，且可以其他方式產生或使用一可聽指示。產生一可視指示可包括基於該已判定位置產生或改變— 可視顯示。於某些實施方案中，輸出器件25〇可包括—組產生可視指示之發光組件。舉例而言，該等發光組件之若干個可經照亮或改變顏色或亮度，以指示器件1〇2與上〇4之間的相對距離。發光組件可用於產生一關於自器件1〇2至器件1〇4之方向之才曰示。舉例而言，該等發光組件可排列於器件】上之一弧中。於此情形中，可使沿該弧之發光組件之一個或兩個被照亮或改變顏色或亮度，以圖解說明至器件向。於某些實施方案中，輸出器件25〇可包括—產生可視指不之顯示器件。舉例而言，該顯示器件可顯示關於器件 1〇2與1〇4之間的相對距離之資訊(例如’ _動態條形圖）。該顯示器件亦可顯示器件1〇2與1〇4之間的實際距離(例如，1米）。該顯示器件可產生一關於至器件1〇4之相對方向之指 120637.doc 示舉例而言，該顯# n # τ @ _ 箭頭)，其能夠指示至二：=一點指機構(例如’- 方向之資訊。作為後二指示形：：或可顯示其他關於該與羅盤相關之工之實例’器件102可顯示 (例如，力心丨' 正北’北-西北等）或方向性資訊各種其他形貝式向别等）。此外應瞭解，—可視指示可採取器:二。:=㈣:，可使用-溫度_指出或冷卻元件，直/ 器件㈣可包括一加熱及/ "可基於盜件102與104之間的距離或彼此目對方向而藉以升高或降低輸出器件250之溫度。於某些實施方案中’指示可採取—警報信號之形式。於此處’位置指示產生議可基於某一與距離相關之規範或標準產生—警報信號。舉例而言，若器件1〇2與器件104 之間的距離大於或等於一臨限距離、小於或等於一臨限距離或在兩個臨限值界定之範圍内，則可產生一警報信號0 可利用各種技術之一者或多者來判定器件1〇2與之間 :距離。舉例而言，於某些實施方案中，可使用到達時間量測、往返時間量測、信號強度量測、多普勒移位量測、或某一其他合適技術來量測距離。下文將結合圖5(開始於區塊502)論述用於量測距離之技術之數個實例。如區塊504處展示，於某些實施方案中，一器件（例如，啟始距離量測作業之器件1〇2)將一個或多個信號發送至一回應器件，例如器件104。舉例而言，器件1〇2可將一訊息 120637.doc -22· 1353456 510處’㈣時間量测器244可實施到達時間量測，且距離處理器238可基於該等量測判定器件102與器件1〇4之間的距離。於此處’器件1()2及1〇4可合作以提供某種形式之同步，以使得傳播時間量測器244判定器件1〇4於區塊5〇8處傳輸該等信號之時間。於某些實施方案中，器件1〇2利用往返時間量測來判定器件102與104之間的距離。於區塊5〇4處，器件1〇2可於一既定時間將一訊息傳輸至器件1〇4。於區塊5〇6處，位置處理器226可判定在器件1〇4接收該請求信號與器件1〇4發射一回應信號之間的時間量（亦即，一回復時間）。作為選擇，藉由與信號產生器230及收發機212合作，位置處理器 226可確保在一已界定之回復時間内傳輸一回應信號。因此，器件104可產生一回應訊息（例如，包括該回復時間之指示）並將該訊息傳輸至器件1〇2(區塊5〇8)。於區塊51〇處，傳播時間量測器244處理所接收之回應信號以計算往返時間，且距離處理器23 8基於此時間判定器件1 〇2與j 〇4 之間的距離。為此，傳播時間量測器244可判定（例如，與收發機208合作）於區塊504處收發機208發射初始信號之時間點及於區塊5 10處收發機208接收回應訊息之時間點。隨後’距離處理器23 8可基於在區塊504之傳輸時間與區塊 5 1 〇之接收時間之間流逝的時間（排除器件ι〇4之回復時間）來判定往返時間。如上文提及，可經界定回復時間或可將其包括於回應訊息中。於某些實施方案中，器件102可量測自器件1〇4處接收之 120637.doc -24· 信號之信號強度’以判定器件1〇2與1〇4之間的距離。舉例而a ，於區塊504處，器件1〇2可將一訊息傳輸至器件，請求器件1〇4以一已知信號強度（例如，一恆定能量位準）傳輸一信號。於區塊506處，回應於所接收信號，器件1〇4(例如，位置處理器226與信號產生器23〇合作）可使得收發機212將一合適信號或若干合適信號傳輸至器件 1〇2(區塊508)。於區塊510處，距離處理器238隨後可與信號強度量測器246合作以基於收發機2〇8所接收之對應信號之強度來計算器件102與1〇4之間的距離。於某些態樣中，器件102可基於自器件1〇4接收之信號之相位判定器件1 〇4之地點（例如，距離及/或方向）。於某些實施方案中，器件1 〇2可使用相對相位資訊判定自器件丨〇2 至器件104之相對方向，而不必判定至器件1〇4之實際距離。舉例而言，器件1〇2可量測兩個不同位置處之不同相位（例如，隨器件102移動之相位變化）並結合器件1〇2之已判定或已知移動來處理(例如，三角量測、三邊量測等)此相位資訊’以判定至器件104之方向。可、、α 口接收信號之相位判定來使用各種傳訊方案。舉例而言’某些實施方案可利用一單向相位量測技術，器件 102(例如，相位量測器242)可基於器件1〇4已知之關於信號傳輸之資訊藉以判定器件1()4所傳輸信號之相位。此種資訊可包括：（例如）信號傳輸時間、在某—時間（例如，傳輸時間)之信號相位、可施加至該信號之任何調變、或任一其他可促進判定距離或方向之資訊。作為—實例，可調變 120637.doc -25· 1353456 (例如，以頻率）一相位信號以使得該信號以一確定性方式變化《於此處’可界定該信號變化之速率，以使得一接收該信號之器件（例如，器件102)可基於信號已改變之度容易地判定該信號覆蓋之距離。於某些實施方案中，器件104可傳輸一基於由器件1〇2傳輸之信號所提供之相位資訊的信號。舉例而言，器件1〇4 可傳輸一鎖定至自器件102處所接收信號之相位的信號。現參照圖6，如區塊602處展示，器件1〇2將一信號傳輸至器件104以啟始一相位量測作業。於利用一基於相位鎖定之量測技術之實施方案中，於區塊6〇2處產生之信號可包括一器件104將鎖定至之信號。於利用一單向相位量測技術之實施方案中，此信號可直接請求器件104開始一回應信號之傳輸。此外，於某些實施方案中，於區塊602處傳輸之信號可與器件1〇2與1〇4之間的同步相關。舉例而言，該信號可指引器件1〇4以某一時間及/或某一相位傳輸該信號。如區塊604處展示，器件1〇4接收於區塊6〇2處傳輸之信號。如區塊606處展示，器件1〇4之信號產生器23〇可隨之產生一包括一相位指示之信號。舉例而言，於利用一單向相位量測技術之實施方案中，於區塊606處產生之信號可包括一包含下述資訊之訊息：月b夠#曰示傳輸該彳s號之時間、施加至該信號之調變類型 (若存在任何）、在傳輸時（或於某一時間處）之信號相位、或此^訊之某一組合。 120637.doc • 26 - 1353456 於利用一基於相位鎖定之量測技術之實施方案中，於區塊606處產生之信號可係基於區塊604處所接收信號之相位。舉例而言’相位鎖定電路228可鎖定至接收機224所接收信號之相位。隨後’可將此相位資訊（例如，作為一信號）提供給信號產生器230，信號產生器230在區塊606處產生相位信號。如區塊608及610處展示’發射機232將該相位信號傳輸至器件102之接收機234。如區塊610處展示，位置判定器 23ό與相位量測器242合作可分析所接收信號之相位，以判定器件102與104之間的距離、自器件1〇2至器件1〇4之相對方向、或二者皆包括。於一利用單向相位量測技術之實施方案中，此判定可係基於關於器件104所傳輸信號之相位之已知資訊。於一利用雙向相位量測技術之實施方案令，相位量測器242可比較於區塊61〇處所接收信號之相位與於區塊602處所傳輸信號之相位，以判定往返相位變化。於某些實施方案中，器件102可引導多個相位量測。舉例而言，於使用相對高之發信率（例如，在千兆赫之範圍内）之實施方案中，器件1〇2與1〇4之間的距離可能超過信號之波長。於此種情形中，可利用多個相位量測（例如，隨器件102移動）判定所接收信號相關聯之特定週期。本文之教不可整合為一利用多個組件供用於與至少一個其他器件進行通信之器件。圖7繪示數個可用以促進各器件之間的通信之實例性組件。於此處，一第一器件及 -第二器件704適合於經由一無線通信鏈路7〇6在一合適媒 •27- 120637.doc Ϊ353456 體上進行通信。首先，用於將資訊自器件7〇2發送至器件7〇4(例如一反向鏈路）所涉及之組件將得到處理。一發射（"τχ")資料處理器708自一資料緩衝器71〇或某一其他合適組件接收訊務資料（例如’資料封包發射資料處理器7〇8基於一選擇之編碼及調變方案處理（例如，編碼、交錯及符號映射）每一資料封包並提供資料符號。概言之，一資料符號係—資料調變符號，且一導頻符號係一導頻信號之調變符號（其係推理而知）。一調變器712接收該等資料符號、導頻符號及 (可能）反向鏈路之傳訊，實施調變（例如，OFDm或某一其他合適調變）及/或其他如系統指定之處理，並提供一輸出碼片流》—發射機（"TMTR")714處理（例如，轉換為類比信號、遽波、放大及增頻轉換）該輸出碼片流並產生一經調變k號’隨後自一天線71 6傳輸該經調變信號。器件704之天線71 8接收由器件702傳輸之經調變信號（以及來自其他與器件704進行通信之器件之信號一接收機 ("RCVR")720處理（例如，調整及數位化）自天線718處接收之信號並提供接收樣本。一解調器（"demod")722處理（例如’解調及偵測）所接收樣本並提供所偵測之資料符號，其可係其他器件傳輸至器件704之資料符號之帶雜訊估計值。一接收（"RX")資料處理器724處理（例如，符號解映射、解交錯及解碼）經偵測之資料符號並提供與每一傳輸器件（例如’器件702)相關聯之經解碼資料。將資訊自器件704發送至器件7〇2(例如，一正向鏈路）所 120637.doc -28 · :及之組件現將得到處理。於器件704處，—發射（"τχ 貝料處理器726處理訊務資料以產生資料符號。_調 728接收該等資料符冑、導頻符號及正向鏈路之傳訊施調變(例如，OFDM或某一其他合適調變)及/或其他相干處理’並提供-輸出碼片流，該輸出碼片流進—步由一發射機（"TMTR”）730調整並自天線718傳輸。於某些實施方案中，正向鏈路之傳訊可包括由一控制器732產生、以供所有器件（例如，終端機）在反向鏈路上傳輸至器件7〇4之:率控制命令及其他資訊（例如，關於一通信通道）。於器件702處，器件704傳輸之經調變信號由天線716接收、由一接收機（"RCVR")734調整及數位化、並由一解調器（”DEMOD")736處理以獲得經偵測之資料符號。一接收 ("RX")資料處理器738處理經偵測之資料符號並提供器件 702之經解碼資料及正向鏈路傳訊。一控制器74〇接收功率控制命令及其他資訊，以控制資料傳輸及控制反向鏈路上至器件704之傳輸功率。控制器740及732分別指引器件702及器件704之各種作業。舉例而言，一控制器可判定一合適之濾波器、報告關於s亥滤波器之資訊、並使用一濾波器對資訊解碼。資料記憶體742及744可分別儲存由控制器74〇及732使用之程式碼及資料。圖7亦圖解說明：通信組件可包括一個或多個實施如本文教示之與測距相關之作業的組件β舉例而言，一測距控制組件746可與控制器74〇及/或器件7〇2之其他組件合作， 120637.doc -29- 1353456 以將與測距相關之信號及資訊發送至另一器件（例如，器件704)，並自該器件接收該等信號及資訊。同樣地一測距控制組件748可與控制器732及/或器件7〇4之其他組件合作，以將與測距相關之信號及資訊發送至另一器件（例如’器件702) ’並自該器件接收該等信號及資訊。一無線器件可包括各種基於信號實施功能之組件，該等信號係經由一發射機發射或經由該無線器件之接收機接收。舉例而言，一耳機可包括一轉換器，其適合於基於一經由該接收機接收之信號提供一可聽輸出。一錶可包括一顯示器，其適合於基於一經由該接收機接收之信號提供一可視輸出。一醫療器件可包括一感測器，其適合於產生欲經由發射機發射之經感測資料。一無線器件可經由一個或多個無線通信鏈路進行通信，其中該等無線通信鏈路係基於或另外支援任一合適之無線通信技術。舉例而言，於某些態樣中，一無線器件可經由一網路與另一器件相關聯。於某些態樣中，該網路可包括一人體區域網路或一個人區域網路（例如，一超寬頻網路）。於某些態樣中，該網路可包括一局域網路或一廣域網路。一無線器件可支援或另外使用大量無線通信協定或標準之一者或多者，該等無線通信協定或標準包括（例如）CDMA、TDMA、OFDM、OFDMA、WiMAX、Wi-Fi及其他無線技術。同樣地，一無線器件可支援或另外使用大量對應之調變或多工方案之一者或多者。因此，一無線器件可包括合適組件（例如，空中介面）以使用上述或其他無 120637.doc •30· Ϊ353456In some aspects, the position determination operation includes a back-and-forth mover 4 (10) and uses the distance-based indication provided by the device (10) to determine the direction to the device 1〇4. For example, with device (10) and ! The distance between 〇4 is gray, and the frequency of audible indications can be increased or one color can be deep. Therefore, the device 1〇2 is used to go to the π MJ^ piece 1〇4... The user can determine the direction of the device by the following steps. Move the device back and forth. (4) The heart-to-heart direction is the shortest distance from the target device. Instructions. Lift: Device 102 is associated along the arc and the port arc moves. Thus, the imaginary line from the arc, the most local frequency or the darkest shadow is t-pointed through the point on the arc associated with the highest frequency or the darkest shadow of I20637.doc -11· 1353456. Point to device 1〇4. As will be discussed in further detail below, it should be understood that the indications produced by device 1〇2 can take a variety of other forms. Figure 1 illustrates an example in which a position determination job includes moving device 1〇2 along a path shown by dashed line 106. Here, device 1〇2 is moved from a position (e.g., a location) marked by a dot (where the previous position of device 1 is shown as a dashed box) to a position marked by dot D. As device 102 moves along path 1 〇 6, device 1 〇〇 determines the distance from each location on path 1 〇 6 to device 104. For example, device 1 〇 2 can determine the distance of device 1 〇 2 from device 1 〇 4 at position A. In addition, device 1〇2 can determine the distance from device 1〇4 when device 102 is at position D. As shown by dashed lines 108A, 108B, 110A, and 110B, device 102 can determine the distance at each location based on a standard ranging technique based on one or more signals transmitted between devices 102 and 104. For example, in an embodiment using a two-way ranging technique, device 1〇2 can transmit signals 1〇8-8 and 11〇8 to device 104 to initiate a distance determination operation at a position in and out, respectively. In response, device 1〇4 can transmit signal 108B&11〇B back to device 1〇2. Examples of such signal formation and use are discussed in more detail below. In accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure, path 1 〇 6 can include a substantially predetermined path. In this case, a user of device 1 可 2 can instruct λ to move the device 1 〇 2 to perform a position determination operation. Path 106 can include a predetermined pattern defined in a discrete manner or in a continuous manner. For example, a discrete pattern may include two or more locations that maintain a predetermined distance from one another (e.g., 5 meters apart). In a simple example 120637.doc • 12· 1353456, a user can move device 102 to the left by 米 5 meters and then move device 102 to the right by .5 meters. A continuous pattern can include a straight line, an arc, or some other suitable action with device 102. Thus, in this case, the user can move the device 1〇2 along the defined line, arc, etc. to determine the position of the device 104. The predetermined path can be associated with one or more other criteria. For example, the criteria may include a starting location, an ending location, and a time period during which the device 1 移动 2 will move by the predetermined pattern. As a designated example, the user can move the device 102 from left to right in a scan operation by a double pivot arc over a two second period. By using a predetermined path, it is known that each position of the device 1〇2 by the distance between the device and the device 1〇4 (within a predetermined error degree). Thus, one or more relative distances between the locations can be readily determined. In some aspects, a user input device can be utilized to facilitate a positional operation. In some embodiments, a user can press a button to indicate certain events of the position determination operation. As a designated example, a user can actuate a button on a device 102 to initiate a position determination operation, and then actuate the button again when a certain phase of the movement is completed (eg, moving the device to the left), The button is then actuated again after the movement of device i is complete (eg, after device 102 moves back to the right). In a second embodiment, a user can press a button during a position determination operation (e.g., during the entire time of moving the device 102). In accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure, device 102 can include a position tracking component (e.g., an accelerometer) for determining each of the locations in which device iG2 measures distance from 120637.doc • 13-1353456 device 104. One or more relative distances between. In this case, the device 102 may not necessarily move in a predetermined manner. For example, even if the device 102 is moved in a random manner, the position tracking component may be able to determine the locations in which the device 1〇2 measures the distance. When device 102 determines the distance from device 1〇4, device 1〇2 may generate one or more indications of the measured distance or relative orientation with respect to device 1〇4. For example, a measured distance can be indicated at one or more locations along path 106. In the example of Figure i, device i 〇 2 can be moved back and forth along path 106 at positions A, B, C, and D or after it has completed moving back and forth along the path. In some embodiments, device 1〇2 can indicate whether it is closer or further from device 1〇4 as it moves through path 1〇6. Device 102 can also indicate the actual distance between devices 1〇2 and 104 at any point along path 1〇6. Additionally, device 1〇2 may indicate the direction of device 1〇4 at any point along path 1〇6 relative to device 102. Such an indication may take the form of: an audible indication, a visual indication, a temperature indicating some other suitable indication, or a combination of two or more such indications. Devices 102 and 111 can take various forms or can be constructed as a variety of devices. In some embodiments, the device 1〇2 can include a portable device such as a cellular phone, a portable entertainment device (eg, a music player), a portable data assistant, and a portable device. Tables and similar devices. In an embodiment: device 1〇4 may comprise a relatively small device that can be easily carried, attached to a key switch, or attached to or integrated into an object of any other type. 120637.doc Taking into account the above summary, an exemplary operation that can be implemented to locate a device will now be discussed in greater detail in connection with Figures 2, 3 and 4. FIG. 2 illustrates example functional components that may be integrated into devices 102 and 104. FIG. 3 illustrates an example operation in which device 1〇2 may be implemented to position device 104. FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary operation in which device 104 can be implemented in conjunction with the operation of benefit 102. For ease of operation, the operations of Figures 3 and 4 (or any other work discussed or taught herein) may be illustrated as being performed by a specified component (e.g., device 1〇2 or device 1〇4). However, it should be understood that such operations may be performed by other types of components and may be implemented using a different number of components. It should also be understood that one or more of the operations described herein may not be implemented in a given embodiment. In Figure 2, device 1〇2 communicates with device 1〇4 via a wireless communication link 2〇6 to determine the location of device 104. To this end, the device 1〇2 includes a transceiver 208 and an antenna 210. Similarly, device 1-4 includes a transceiver 212 and an antenna 214. Preferably, devices 102 and 104 use a single transceiver and a single antenna, respectively. However, it should be appreciated that in some embodiments, more than one transceiver and antenna may be used for one or both of the two devices. However, in this document, a given device does not require the use of an antenna that is spaced apart by a larger space to perform the position determination operation taught herein. Referring now to Figure 3, block 302 shows the beginning of a position determination operation. In some embodiments, the job can be initiated based on an indication received from the move or location indicator 216 (Fig. 2). For example, a user can initiate the location determination job by activating an input device 218 (e.g., a switch of device 102). It should be understood that other techniques can also be used to begin this operation. For example, in some embodiments, the movement start position determination based on the device 1〇2 may be made as 120637.doc -15-1353456. For example, an accelerometer 220 can be used to determine if device i〇2 has moved in a predetermined manner associated with initiating a position determination job. As shown by block 304 in Figure 3, device 102 is then moved in a manner that facilitates the location of decision device 204. For example, as discussed above, device 102 can be according to a predetermined pattern, along a defined path, at a defined rate of action, according to some other parameter, or according to one or more of one or more of the parameters. Come to move. The movement of device 102 is determined (e.g., tracked) as desired by block 306. For example, the accelerometer 220 can generate an acceleration reading based on the movement of the device 1〇2. Subsequently, the acceleration readings or other suitable readings can be processed to determine their relative position as the device 102 moves. For example, the acceleration reading can be double-integrated over time to determine the relative location of device 1〇2. In some embodiments, the determination of the movement of device 102 can begin at the beginning of the position determination operation (e.g., when input device 2 1 8 is actuated at block 3 〇 2). As shown by block 308, at some point along the path (e.g., when device 102 is at a first location) device 1〇2 transmits a first signal to device 104 to begin or otherwise implement a distance amount. Measurement. In the example of FIG. 2, a signal generator 22 1 can generate a signal for a transmitter 222 that transmits a signal via a communication link 2〇6. In some aspects, the transmitter 22 can transmit a signal to the device. 104, inform the device 1〇4—the ranging operation is starting. For example, the signal may include a request device 1〇4 to respond with a signal that can be used for a distance determination operation. The signal transmitted by transmitter 222 can be used with a one-way ranging operation (eg, requesting to send a one-way signal), a 120637.doc • 16· 1353456 two-way ranging operation (eg, one during the calculation of a signal round trip time) The initial signal) or some other distance determination job is associated. Figure 4 illustrates an exemplary operation that may be implemented by device 〇4 to generate a response signal. As shown in block 402, once the receiver 224 of the transceiver 212 receives the signal from the device 102, the receiver 224 can provide the corresponding information to a location processor 226. As shown in block 404, device 104 performs one or more operations to facilitate distance measurement guided by device 102. For example, in an embodiment using a one-way distance measurement scheme, the one-way processing component 252 of the location processor 226 can determine the type of response signal that needs to be generated and/or the time at which such a signal can be sent. In an embodiment using a two-way (e.g., round-trip time) distance measurement scheme, the two-way processing component 254 of the location processor 226 can determine the signal recovery time of the device 104 or can specify a defined response time. Here, the signal reply time may be related to the time between the signal reception at block 402 and the response signal transmission at block 4〇8 (described below). In some bidirectional distance measurement schemes, the distance dependent operation may include phase lock circuit 228' of device 104 that locks to the phase of the received signal. Example 0 of such an embodiment will be discussed in more detail below in conjunction with FIG. 6. As shown by block 406, device 1-4 can generate a suitable response signal based on the processing of block 〇4. Component 252 or bi-directional processing component 254 can cooperate with a signal generator 230 to provide a suitable 120637.doc -17-response signal for a one-way ranging operation, a two-way ranging operation, or some other type of ranging operation. Transmitter 232 of transceiver 212 transmits the response to device 102 as shown in block 408. In some embodiments, this transmission can be achieved by using the same transceiver and antenna as used to receive the signal at block 402. Referring again to FIG. 3, as shown in block 310, receiver 234 of device 201 receives a response signal from device 104. The receipt of this signal can also be achieved by using the same transceiver and antenna as used to transmit the signal at block 308. In some aspects, the operations of blocks 308 and 310 can be performed while device 102 is substantially at the same location. For example, in Figure 1, the initial ranging operations can be performed at or near location A. As shown in block 312, 'device 1 〇 2 transmits a second signal to device 1 〇 4 at some later point along its path (eg, at a second location) to initially or additionally implement an additional The distance measurement is as shown in block 3 14 and the device 102 can thus receive a subsequent response signal from the device 1 〇4. Again, in some aspects, the operations of 'blocks 3 12 and 3 14 can be implemented substantially at the same location. For example, such operations can be implemented at or near location D in FIG. The flow chart of Figure 3 illustrates an example in which device ι2 initially directs two distance measurements with reference to device ι4. It should be appreciated that other distance measurements can be made in a given implementation. As shown in block 316, the position determiner 236 of the device 1〇2 can determine the device based on the first and second response signals and based on the first and second positions of the device 〇2, 120637.doc -18· 1353456 104 is relative to the location of the first device. Here, a distance processor 238 determines each distance between devices ι 2 and 104 using the above signals in conjunction with blocks 3 〇 8_314. In addition, distance processor 238 determines the relative distance of device 102 along its path between the first and second positions. Subsequently, position determiner 236 can perform a triangulation operation or some other suitable by comparing the determined distance between devices 1〇2 and 1〇4 and the relative distance between the first and second positions of device 102. The job determines the relative location of device i 〇4. For example, the one direction processor 24 can determine the relative direction from the device 1〇2 to the device 104. Various ranging techniques can be used to determine the distance between devices 1 〇 2 and 1 〇 4 . For example, in some embodiments, device 1〇2 can include a phase measurement thief 242 that is adapted to measure the distance between devices 1〇2 and 104 based on the phase of a received signal. In some embodiments, device 1〇2 can include a propagation time measurer 244 that is adapted to measure the propagation time of the received signal. In some embodiments, device 1〇2 can include a signal strength measure 246 that is adapted to measure the signal strength of the received signal. These techniques are discussed in more detail below in connection with Figures 5 and 6. The position determiner 236 can determine the distance between the first and second positions based on known information or determined information related to the path of the device 1〇2. For example, when device 1〇2 is moved along a defined path, comparable device 1〇2 implements the time of each distance measurement (eg, the time associated with blocks 31〇 and 314) and device 102 begins. The time of the move (for example, the time associated with block 3〇4). Based on this comparison, position determiner 236 can determine the distance that device 2 has moved down the defined path when each distance measurement is performed. 120637.doc -19· 1353456 In this manner, position determiner 236 can determine the desired position of device i〇2 at each of the above times. Position determiner 236 can then calculate the relative distance between the desired positions. This relative distance can then be used for triangulation or other operations as explained above. Conversely 'when tracking the movement of device 102 (e.g., as described above in connection with block 306), '1' can be implemented to perform each distance measurement with tracking associated with their time (eg, acceleration) ) readings are associated. Position determiner 236 can then use this timing information and associated tracking readings to determine the relative distance between devices 102 for each location of each distance measurement. As indicated by block 318, a position indication generator 248 can then generate a position indication of the device 104. As mentioned above, one or more indications may be generated during a location determination job (e.g., during or after a time associated with blocks 3 10 and 314) or after completing a location determination job. Therefore, in the former case, when the device i 〇 2 moves along its path during the position determination operation, the operation of the block 312_318 can be repeated as needed. In the latter case, the operation of block 318 (and optionally block 316) may be performed at the end of the location determination operation. As discussed above, the indication may indicate the distance between devices 1〇2 and 104, the direction of device 104 relative to device 1〇2, or both. Such an indication may take the form of an audible indication, a visual indication, a temperature indication, some other suitable indication, or a combination of one or more of the indications. To this end, the position indication generator 248 can include an output device 250 adapted to output an indication in chorus form. 120637.doc -20- In certain embodiments, the output device 250 can include a transducer (eg, a speaker) ), which provides an audible indication by generating a sound or a change-sound based on the determined position. For example, the volume or buccal rate of a sound may increase as the distance between devices 102 and 104 decreases. In the example of Figure 1, assuming the device 102 makes a distance measurement at positions A, B, C, and D, the emitted sound can become louder and louder at each successive position. It should be understood that the above uses only one instance of an audible indication and that an audible indication can be generated or used in other ways. Generating a visual indication can include generating or changing based on the determined position - a visual display. In some embodiments, the output device 25A can include a set of illumination components that produce a visual indication. For example, one of the illumination components can be illuminated or changed in color or brightness to indicate the relative distance between the device 1〇2 and the upper crucible 4. The illumination assembly can be used to generate a representation of the direction from device 1〇2 to device 1〇4. For example, the light-emitting components can be arranged in an arc on the device. In this case, one or both of the illumination components along the arc can be illuminated or changed in color or brightness to illustrate the orientation of the device. In some embodiments, the output device 25A can include - producing a display device that is visually identifiable. For example, the display device can display information about the relative distance between devices 1〇2 and 1〇4 (e.g., 'dynamic bar graphs'). The display device can also display the actual distance between devices 1〇2 and 1〇4 (e.g., 1 meter). The display device can generate a finger 120637.doc for the relative direction to the device 1〇4, for example, the display #n # τ @ _ arrow), which can indicate to two: = a point finger mechanism (eg '- Direction information. As the second indicator:: or can display other examples of the work related to the compass' device 102 can display (for example, force 丨 '正北' north-northwest, etc.) or directional information various other Shaped to the other type). In addition, it should be understood that - visual indication can be taken: two. :=(d):, can use -temperature_point or cool the component, straight / device (4) can include a heating and / / can be based on the distance between the thieves 102 and 104 or the direction of each other to raise or lower the output The temperature of device 250. In some embodiments the 'indication can take' form of an alert signal. Here, the position indication can be generated based on a certain distance-related specification or standard-alarm signal. For example, if the distance between device 1〇2 and device 104 is greater than or equal to a threshold distance, less than or equal to a threshold distance, or within a range defined by two thresholds, an alarm signal may be generated. One or more of a variety of techniques can be utilized to determine the distance between device 1〇2: distance. For example, in some embodiments, distance measurements can be measured using time of arrival measurements, round trip time measurements, signal strength measurements, Doppler shift measurements, or some other suitable technique. Several examples of techniques for measuring distances are discussed below in conjunction with FIG. 5 (starting at block 502). As shown at block 504, in some embodiments, a device (e.g., device 1〇2 that initiates a distance measurement operation) sends one or more signals to a response device, such as device 104. For example, device 1 可 2 can perform a time measurement on a 'fourth time estimator 244 at a message 120637.doc -22 · 1353456 510, and the distance processor 238 can determine the device 102 based on the measurements The distance between the devices 1〇4. Here, devices 1() 2 and 1〇4 can cooperate to provide some form of synchronization such that propagation time measure 244 determines the time at which device 1〇4 transmitted the signals at block 5〇8. In some embodiments, device 1 利用 2 utilizes round trip time measurements to determine the distance between devices 102 and 104. At block 5〇4, device 1〇2 can transmit a message to device 1〇4 at a given time. At block 5〇6, location processor 226 can determine the amount of time (i.e., a reply time) between device 1〇4 receiving the request signal and device 〇4 transmitting a response signal. Alternatively, by cooperating with signal generator 230 and transceiver 212, location processor 226 can ensure that a response signal is transmitted within a defined response time. Thus, device 104 can generate a response message (e.g., including an indication of the time of the reply) and transmit the message to device 1〇2 (block 5〇8). At block 51A, propagation time metric 244 processes the received response signal to calculate the return time, and distance processor 238 determines the distance between devices 1 〇 2 and j 〇 4 based on this time. To this end, the propagation time metric 244 can determine (eg, in cooperation with the transceiver 208) the time point at which the transceiver 208 transmits the initial signal at block 504 and the time at which the transceiver 208 receives the response message at block 510. . The subsequent 'distance processor 23 8 can determine the round trip time based on the elapsed time between the transmission time of the block 504 and the reception time of the block 5 1 ( (excluding the reply time of the device ι 4). As mentioned above, the response time may be defined or may be included in the response message. In some embodiments, device 102 can measure the signal strength of the received signal from 120637.doc -24· at device 1〇4 to determine the distance between devices 1〇2 and 1〇4. For example, a, at block 504, device 1〇2 can transmit a message to the device requesting device 1〇4 to transmit a signal at a known signal strength (e.g., a constant energy level). At block 506, in response to the received signal, device 1-4 (eg, position processor 226 cooperates with signal generator 23) may cause transceiver 212 to transmit a suitable signal or a number of suitable signals to device 1 〇 2 (block 508). At block 510, the distance processor 238 can then cooperate with the signal strength measurer 246 to calculate the distance between the devices 102 and 1〇4 based on the strength of the corresponding signal received by the transceivers 2〇8. In some aspects, device 102 can determine the location (e.g., distance and/or direction) of device 1 〇 4 based on the phase of the signal received from device 1-4. In some embodiments, device 1 〇 2 can use relative phase information to determine the relative direction from device 丨〇 2 to device 104 without having to determine the actual distance to device 〇 4 . For example, device 1〇2 can measure different phases at two different locations (eg, phase changes as device 102 moves) and process in conjunction with determined or known movement of device 1〇2 (eg, triangular amount) The measurement, trilateration, etc.) this phase information 'to determine the direction to the device 104. The phase determination of the alpha port receiving signal can be used to use various communication schemes. For example, 'some embodiments may utilize a one-way phase measurement technique, and device 102 (eg, phase measurer 242) may determine device 1() 4 based on information known to device 1〇4 regarding signal transmission. The phase of the transmitted signal. Such information may include, for example, signal transmission time, signal phase at a certain time (e.g., transmission time), any modulation that may be applied to the signal, or any other information that may facilitate the determination of the distance or direction. As an example, the variable 120637.doc -25· 1353456 (eg, at a frequency) a phase signal such that the signal changes in a deterministic manner "here" can define the rate of the signal change such that a reception The device of the signal (e.g., device 102) can easily determine the distance covered by the signal based on the degree to which the signal has changed. In some embodiments, device 104 can transmit a signal based on the phase information provided by the signal transmitted by device 101. For example, device 1-4 can transmit a signal that is locked to the phase of the received signal at device 102. Referring now to Figure 6, as shown at block 602, device 1 将 2 transmits a signal to device 104 to initiate a phase measurement operation. In an embodiment utilizing a phase lock based measurement technique, the signal generated at block 6〇2 can include a signal to which device 104 will lock. In an embodiment utilizing a one-way phase measurement technique, the signal can directly request the device 104 to initiate transmission of a response signal. Moreover, in some embodiments, the signal transmitted at block 602 can be correlated with the synchronization between devices 1〇2 and 1〇4. For example, the signal can direct the device 1 to transmit the signal at a time and/or a certain phase. As shown at block 604, device 1-4 receives the signal transmitted at block 〇2. As shown at block 606, the signal generator 23 of the device 1〇4 can then generate a signal including a phase indication. For example, in an implementation utilizing a one-way phase measurement technique, the signal generated at block 606 can include a message including the following information: month b is sufficient to indicate the time at which the s s number was transmitted, The modulation type applied to the signal (if any), the phase of the signal at the time of transmission (or at a certain time), or a combination of such signals. 120637.doc • 26 - 1353456 In an embodiment utilizing a phase lock based measurement technique, the signal generated at block 606 may be based on the phase of the received signal at block 604. For example, the phase lock circuit 228 can lock to the phase of the signal received by the receiver 224. This phase information can then be provided (e.g., as a signal) to signal generator 230, which produces a phase signal at block 606. Transmitter 232 transmits the phase signal to receiver 234 of device 102 as shown at blocks 608 and 610. As shown at block 610, the position determiner 23A cooperates with the phase measurer 242 to analyze the phase of the received signal to determine the distance between the devices 102 and 104, the relative direction from the device 1〇2 to the device 1〇4. Or both. In an implementation utilizing a one-way phase measurement technique, this determination may be based on known information about the phase of the signal transmitted by device 104. In an embodiment utilizing bidirectional phase measurement techniques, phase measurer 242 can compare the phase of the received signal at block 61〇 with the phase of the transmitted signal at block 602 to determine the round-trip phase change. In some embodiments, device 102 can direct multiple phase measurements. For example, in embodiments where a relatively high signaling rate (e.g., in the range of gigahertz) is used, the distance between devices 1〇2 and 1〇4 may exceed the wavelength of the signal. In such a case, multiple phase measurements (e.g., as device 102 moves) may be utilized to determine the particular period associated with the received signal. The teachings herein should not be integrated into a device that utilizes multiple components for communicating with at least one other device. Figure 7 illustrates several example components that may be used to facilitate communication between devices. Here, a first device and a second device 704 are adapted to communicate over a suitable communication medium 27-120637.doc 353456 via a wireless communication link 7〇6. First, the components involved in transmitting information from device 7〇2 to device 7〇4 (e.g., a reverse link) will be processed. A transmit ("τχ") data processor 708 receives traffic data from a data buffer 71 or some other suitable component (eg, 'data packet transmission data processor 7〇8 based on a selected encoding and modulation scheme Processing (eg, encoding, interleaving, and symbol mapping) each data packet and providing data symbols. In general, a data symbol is a data modulation symbol, and a pilot symbol is a modulation symbol of a pilot signal (its Inductively, a modulator 712 receives the transmission of the data symbols, pilot symbols, and (possibly) reverse links, performs modulation (eg, OFDm or some other suitable modulation) and/or other As specified by the system, and providing an output chip stream - transmitter ("TMTR") 714 processing (for example, conversion to analog signal, chopping, amplification and upconversion) the output chip stream and generate a The modulated k-number is then transmitted from an antenna 71 6 to the modulated signal. The antenna 71 8 of the device 704 receives the modulated signal transmitted by the device 702 (and signals from other devices in communication with the device 704). The "RCVR" 720 processes (e.g., adjusts and digitizes) the signals received from the antenna 718 and provides received samples. A demodulator ("demod") 722 processing (e.g., 'demodulation and detection The received samples are provided with the detected data symbols, which may be the noise estimation values of the data symbols transmitted by other devices to the device 704. A received ("RX") data processor 724 process (eg, symbol solution) Mapping, deinterleaving, and decoding the detected data symbols and providing decoded data associated with each of the transmission devices (eg, 'device 702). Sending information from device 704 to device 7〇2 (eg, a positive The link) is now processed. At device 704, the transmit ("τχ beaker processor 726 processes the traffic data to generate the data symbols. _ 728 receives these Data symbols, pilot symbols, and forward link signaling (eg, OFDM or some other suitable modulation) and/or other coherent processing 'and provide-output chip streams, the output chips flowing into - Step by a transmitter ("TMT R") 730 is adjusted and transmitted from antenna 718. In some embodiments, the forward link communication can be generated by a controller 732 for transmission by all devices (e.g., terminals) on the reverse link. Device 7〇4: rate control commands and other information (e.g., regarding a communication channel). At device 702, the modulated signal transmitted by device 704 is received by antenna 716 by a receiver ("RCVR") 734 Adjusted and digitized and processed by a demodulator ("DEMOD") 736 to obtain detected data symbols. A receive ("RX") data processor 738 processes the detected data symbols and provides decoded data and forward link communications for device 702. A controller 74 receives power control commands and other information to control data transmission and control the transmission power on the reverse link to device 704. Controllers 740 and 732 direct various operations of device 702 and device 704, respectively. For example, a controller can determine a suitable filter, report information about the s-filter, and decode the information using a filter. The data files 742 and 744 can store the codes and data used by the controllers 74 and 732, respectively. 7 also illustrates that the communication component can include one or more components that implement a ranging-related operation as taught herein. For example, a ranging control component 746 can be coupled to the controller 74 and/or the device 7 2 other components cooperate, 120637.doc -29- 1353456 to transmit signals and information related to ranging to another device (eg, device 704) and receive such signals and information from the device. Similarly, a ranging control component 748 can cooperate with controller 732 and/or other components of device 〇4 to transmit ranging related signals and information to another device (eg, 'device 702'' and from The device receives the signals and information. A wireless device can include various signal-based implementations of components that are transmitted via a transmitter or received via a receiver of the wireless device. For example, an earphone can include a transducer adapted to provide an audible output based on a signal received via the receiver. A watch can include a display adapted to provide a visual output based on a signal received via the receiver. A medical device can include a sensor adapted to generate sensed data to be transmitted via a transmitter. A wireless device can communicate via one or more wireless communication links that are based on or otherwise support any suitable wireless communication technology. For example, in some aspects, a wireless device can be associated with another device via a network. In some aspects, the network can include a human area network or a personal area network (e.g., an ultra-wideband network). In some aspects, the network can include a local area network or a wide area network. A wireless device may support or otherwise use one or more of a number of wireless communication protocols or standards including, for example, CDMA, TDMA, OFDM, OFDMA, WiMAX, Wi-Fi, and other wireless technologies. Similarly, a wireless device can support or otherwise use one or more of a number of corresponding modulation or multiplexing schemes. Thus, a wireless device can include suitable components (e.g., empty interposers) to use the above or other non-120637.doc • 30· Ϊ 353456

線通信技術經由一個或多個無線通信鏈路建立及進行通信。舉例而言，一器件可包括一具有相關聯之發射機及接收機組件（例如，發射機222及232與接收機224及234)之無線收發機’該無線收發機可包括各種促進在一無線媒體上進行通信之組件（例如，信號產生器及信號處理器）。於某些態樣t，一無線器件可經由一基於脈衝之無線通 #鏈路進行通信。舉例而言，一基於脈衝之無線通信鏈路可利用超寬頻脈衝，超寬頻脈衝具有一相對短之長度（例如，在約數個奈秒上）及一相對寬之頻寬。於某些態樣中，每一超寬頻脈衝可具有一約20%或更大之分頻寬，及/ 或具有一約500 MHz或更大之頻寬。於某些實施方案中，基於脈衝之超寬頻傳訊可用於判定各器件之間的距離。舉例而言，藉由使用具有一比各器件之間的距離更短的波長之脈衝，可有效地判定脈衝之相對時序。於某些利用在千兆赫範圍内之傳訊之實施方案中 (例如，如某些人體區域網路實施方案中），可為高達約ι〇至30米之距離提供追蹤。本文之教示可整合於各種裝置（例如，器件）中（例如，構建於其内或由其執行）》舉例而$，本文教示之一個或多個態樣可整合於下述器件中：—電話（例如…蜂巢式電話）、一個人資料助理（"PDA”）、一娱樂器件（例如，一音樂或視訊器件）、-耳機（例如，㈣式耳機、耳塞式耳機等）、一微音器一醫療器件（例如，—生物特徵感測器、 -心率監測器、-計步器、一咖器件等）、一使用者洲 120637.doc •31- 器件（例如，一錶、一遙控器、一電燈開關、滑鼠等）、一胎壓監測器、一電腦、一銷售點器件、一娛樂器件、一助聽器、一機頂盒或任一其他合適器件。Line communication technology establishes and communicates via one or more wireless communication links. For example, a device can include a wireless transceiver having associated transmitter and receiver components (eg, transmitters 222 and 232 and receivers 224 and 234). The wireless transceiver can include various promotions in a wireless A component that communicates over the media (eg, a signal generator and a signal processor). In some aspects t, a wireless device can communicate via a pulse-based wireless link. For example, a pulse-based wireless communication link can utilize ultra-wideband pulses having a relatively short length (e.g., on a few nanoseconds) and a relatively wide bandwidth. In some aspects, each ultra-wideband pulse can have a division bandwidth of about 20% or greater, and/or have a bandwidth of about 500 MHz or greater. In some embodiments, pulse-based ultra-wideband messaging can be used to determine the distance between devices. For example, by using a pulse having a wavelength shorter than the distance between the devices, the relative timing of the pulses can be effectively determined. In some implementations that utilize communications in the gigahertz range (e.g., in certain human area network implementations), tracking can be provided for distances up to about ι to 30 meters. The teachings herein may be integrated into (eg, built into or performed by) various devices (eg, devices). One or more aspects of the teachings herein may be integrated into the following devices: - Telephone (eg... cellular phone), one person data assistant ("PDA)), an entertainment device (eg, a music or video device), - earphones (eg, (four) headphones, earbuds, etc.), a microphone a medical device (eg, - biometric sensor, - heart rate monitor, - pedometer, a coffee device, etc.), a user continent 120637.doc • 31- device (for example, a watch, a remote control, A light switch, mouse, etc.), a tire pressure monitor, a computer, a point-of-sale device, an entertainment device, a hearing aid, a set top box, or any other suitable device.

。亥等器件可具有不同之功率及資料要求。於某些態樣中，本文之教示可適合於低功率應用（例如，藉由使用一基於脈衝之傳訊方案及低工作週期模式）中，且可支援各種資料率，包括相對高之資料率（例如，藉由使用高頻寬脈衝）。. Devices such as Hai can have different power and data requirements. In some aspects, the teachings herein can be adapted for low power applications (eg, by using a pulse-based messaging scheme and low duty cycle mode) and can support a variety of data rates, including relatively high data rates ( For example, by using a high frequency wide pulse).

於某些態樣中，一無線器件可包括一通信系統之存取器件（例如，一 Wi-Fi存取點）。此種存取器件可提供（例如）經由一有線或無線通信鏈路對另一網路（例如，一廣域網路，諸如網際網路或一蜂巢式網路）之連接。因此，該存取器件可使得另-器件（例如，一 Wi_Fi台）存取另一網路或某一其他功能。此外，應瞭解，該兩個器件之一者或二者可係可攜式，或在某些情形中相對地不可攜。In some aspects, a wireless device can include an access device of a communication system (e.g., a Wi-Fi access point). Such access devices may provide, for example, a connection to another network (e.g., a wide area network, such as the Internet or a cellular network) via a wired or wireless communication link. Thus, the access device can cause another device (e.g., a Wi-Fi station) to access another network or some other function. In addition, it should be understood that one or both of the two devices may be portable or, in some cases, relatively unportable.

本文闡述之組件可以各種方式構建。參照圖8，其將一裝置800展示為一系歹㈠目關功能塊，該等功能塊可提供由 (例如）一個或多個積體電路（例如，一 ASIC)構建或可以本文教示之某一其他方式構建之功能。如本文論述，一積體電路可包括-處理器、軟體、其他組件或其某一組合。如圖8中顯示，裝置8〇〇可包括一個或多個模組8〇2、 804、808、810、812、814及816，其可參照各種圖式實施上述功能之一者或多者。舉例而言，用於判定位置之Asic 802可提供關於如本文之教示判定一位置之功能，且可與 120637.doc -32- 1353456 (例如）上述組件236相符。用於接收之ASIC 804可提供關於如本文之教示接收信號之功能，且可與（例如）上述組件 234相符。用於發射之ASIC 808可提供關於如本文之教示發射信號之功能’且可與（例如）上述組件222相符。用於獲知移動指示之ASIC 810可提供關於一如本文教示之移動或地點指示之功能’且可與（例如）上述組件216相符。用於輸入之ASIC 812可提供關於如本文之教示接收輸入之功能，且可與（例如）上述組件21 8相符。用於量測加速度之ASIC 8 14可提供關於如本文之教示量測加速度之功能，且可與 (例如）上述組件220相符。用於產生指示之ASIC 816可提供關於如本文之教示產生一個或多個指示之功能，且可與 (例如）上述組件248相符。如上文&及，於某些態樣中，可藉由合適之處理器組件來構建該等組件。於某些態樣中，該等處理器組件可至少部分地使用本文教示之結構來構建。於某些態樣中，一處理器可適合於構建上述組件之一者或多者之部分或全部功能。於某些態樣中，虛線框所展示組件之一者或多者係可選擇的。如上文提及，裝置800可包括一個或多個提供圖8中所圖解說明組件之功能的積體電路。舉例而言，於某些態樣中，一單個積體電路可實施所圖解說明組件之功能，同時在其他態樣中’多於—個積體電路可實施所圖解說明組件之功能。此外，圖8展示之組件及㈣，以及本文闊&之其他組 120637.doc -33- 1353456 件及功能可使用任何合適構件來構建。此類構件亦可（至少部分地則本文教示之對應結構來構建。舉例而言，於某些態樣中，用於判定々r班刳疋位置之構件可包括一位置判定器，用於接收之構件可包衽—吐丄u 接收機，用於發射之構件可包括-發射機1於獲得移動指示之構件可包括—移動或地點指示符，用於輸人之構件可包括-輸人器件，用於量測加速度之構件可包括-加速度計，且用於產生指示之構件可包括一指示產生器。昝相址& 此類構件之一者或多個亦可根據圖8所示處理器組件之一者或多者來構建。熟習此項技術者應瞭解，可使用各種不同技法及技術中之任-者來表示資訊及信號。舉例而言，t穿上述閣述可能提及之資料、指♦、命令、資訊、信號、位元、符號及碼片可由電壓、電流、電磁波、磁場或磁粒子、光場或光粒子或上述之任一組合來表示。此外，以單數形式對該等態樣之提及(例如，提及"-信號，，)可意指此類態樣之一者或多者（例如，"一個或多個信號"）。熟習此項技術者將進-步瞭解，結合本文所揭示態樣閣述之各種例證性邏輯塊、模組、處理器、構件、電路及演算步驟之任一者皆可構建為電子硬體(例如，一數位實施方案I貞比實施方案或二者之組合，其可使用源編碼或 :-其他技術來設計）' 各種形式之程式碼或設計碼整合指令（為簡便起見，其在本文中可稱作"軟體"或一"軟體模組）、或二者之組合。為清楚地例證硬體及軟體之此種可互換性，上文概括地闡述了各種例證性組件、塊、模組、 120637.doc -34- 1353456 電路及步驟之功能。此種功能性是構建為硬體還是軟體取決於特定應用及施加於整個系統上之設計約束。熟習此項技術者可針對每一特定應用以不同方式構建上述功能，但此類構建決策不應被解釋為導致背離本揭示内容之範疇。The components described in this article can be constructed in a variety of ways. Referring to FIG. 8, a device 800 is shown as a system (one) function block, which may be provided by, for example, one or more integrated circuits (eg, an ASIC) or may be taught herein. A feature built by other means. As discussed herein, an integrated circuit can include a processor, a software, other components, or some combination thereof. As shown in Figure 8, device 8A can include one or more modules 8, 2, 804, 808, 810, 812, 814, and 816 that can implement one or more of the functions described above with reference to various figures. For example, Asic 802 for determining a location may provide functionality for determining a location as taught herein and may be compliant with 120637.doc - 32-1353456 (e.g., above) component 236. The ASIC 804 for receiving can provide functionality for receiving signals as taught herein and can be consistent with, for example, the components 234 described above. The ASIC 808 for transmitting can provide a function for transmitting signals as taught herein and can be consistent with, for example, the components 222 described above. The ASIC 810 for learning the mobile indication can provide a function' with respect to a mobile or location indication as taught herein' and can conform to, for example, the components 216 described above. The ASIC 812 for input can provide functionality for receiving input as taught herein, and can be consistent with, for example, the components 21 8 described above. The ASIC 8 14 for measuring acceleration can provide functionality for measuring acceleration as taught herein and can be consistent with, for example, the components 220 described above. The ASIC 816 for generating an indication can provide functionality for generating one or more indications as taught herein and can be consistent with, for example, the components 248 described above. As noted above, and in some aspects, such components can be constructed by suitable processor components. In some aspects, the processor components can be constructed, at least in part, using the structures taught herein. In some aspects, a processor may be adapted to construct some or all of the functionality of one or more of the above components. In some aspects, one or more of the components shown in the dashed box are selectable. As mentioned above, apparatus 800 can include one or more integrated circuits that provide the functionality of the components illustrated in FIG. For example, in some aspects, a single integrated circuit may perform the functions of the illustrated components, while in other aspects more than one integrated circuit may perform the functions of the illustrated components. In addition, the components shown in Figure 8 and (d), as well as the other groups of the broad & 120637.doc -33- 1353456, and functions can be constructed using any suitable components. Such components may also be constructed (at least in part, the corresponding structures taught herein. For example, in some aspects, the means for determining the position of the 刳疋r shift may include a position determiner for receiving The component may include a spout u receiver, the means for transmitting may include - the component of the transmitter 1 for obtaining the movement indication may include a movement or a location indicator, and the means for inputting the human may include - the input device The means for measuring the acceleration may comprise an accelerometer, and the means for generating the indication may comprise an indicator generator. One or more of such components may also be processed according to Figure 8. One or more of the components may be constructed. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that information and signals may be represented using any of a variety of different techniques and techniques. For example, t may be mentioned in the above description. Data, fingers, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields, or magnetic particles, light fields, or light particles, or any combination thereof, in addition to singular The A reference to a modality (eg, reference to "-signal,") may mean one or more of such aspects (eg, "one or more signals"). Those skilled in the art will Further understanding of any of the various illustrative logic blocks, modules, processors, components, circuits, and calculation steps disclosed herein can be constructed as an electronic hardware (eg, a digital implementation) I 贞 than the implementation or a combination of the two, which can be designed using source coding or: - other techniques) 'various forms of code or design code integration instructions (for simplicity, it may be referred to herein as " Software " or a "software module", or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, 120637 are outlined above. .doc -34- 1353456 The function of circuits and steps. Whether such functionality is built as hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Those skilled in the art can vary for each specific application. Way to build the above functions, However, such construction decisions should not be construed as causing a departure from the scope of the disclosure.

、-D &本文所揭示通樣闡述之各種例證性邏輯塊、模組及電路可構建於一積體電路（"IC")、一存取終端機或一存取點内，或由其來實施。該1(3可包括：一通用處理器、一數位信號處理器（DSP)、一應用專用積體電路（ASIC)、一場可程式化閘陣列（FPGA)或其他可程式化邏輯器件、離散閘或電晶體邏輯、離散硬體組件、電子組件、光學組件、機械組件、或任何設計用於實施本文所述功能之組合，且可執行駐存於該ic内、該IC外部或二者之碼或指令。一通用處理器可係—微處理器，但另—選擇為，該處理器亦可係任一習知之處理器、控制器、微控制器或狀態機。一處理器亦可構建為計算器件之組合，例如一Dsp與一微處理器之組合、複數個微處理H、一個或多個微處理器結合一 DSP核心、或任一其它此種組態。應瞭解，任一所揭示過程中之任一指定步驟次序或步驟層級係-實例性方法之實例。基於設計偏好，應瞭解，可在維持於本揭示内容之料内之同時，重新安排該等過程中之指定步驟次序或步驟層級。隨附方法請求項以性次序提供各種步驟之元件，且不意欲限定定次序或層級。吓扠供之才曰結合本文所揭示態樣闡述之方法或演算法之步驟可直接 120637.doc -35· 實施於硬件中、一由處理器執行之軟件模組中或二者之組 σ中。一軟體模組（例如，包括可執行指令及相關資料）及他貝料可駐存於一資料記憶體中，例如RAM記憶體、快-D & The various illustrative logic blocks, modules, and circuits set forth herein may be constructed in an integrated circuit ("IC"), an access terminal or an access point, or by It is implemented. The 1 (3 may include: a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate Or a transistor logic, discrete hardware component, electronic component, optical component, mechanical component, or any combination designed to carry out the functions described herein, and executable in the ic, external to the IC, or both. Or a general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but alternatively, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller or state machine. A processor may also be constructed as A combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a Dsp and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors H, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration. It should be understood that any of the disclosed Any of the specified step sequences or step hierarchy-example methods of the process. Based on design preferences, it should be understood that the specified steps in the processes may be rearranged while remaining within the context of the present disclosure. Sequence or step hierarchy. The accompanying method request items provide elements of various steps in a sexual order, and are not intended to limit the order or hierarchy. The method or algorithm steps described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein may be directly 120637.doc -35· Implemented in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a group σ of both. A software module (for example, including executable instructions and related materials) and his beacon Stored in a data memory, such as RAM memory, fast

門記隐體、R0]VUe*憶體、ερκ·〇Μ記憶體、EEPROM記憶體、暫存器、硬碟、可抽取磁碟、cD_R0M、或此項技術中習知之任一其他形式之電腦可讀儲存媒體。一實例性儲存媒體可耦合至一機器，例如一電腦/處理器（為簡便起Secretarial object, R0]VUe* memory, ερκ·〇Μ memory, EEPROM memory, scratchpad, hard disk, extractable disk, cD_R0M, or any other form of computer known in the art Readable storage media. An exemplary storage medium can be coupled to a machine, such as a computer/processor (for simplicity)

見，其在本文中可稱作一"處理器"），從而使該處理器可自該儲存媒體讀取資訊（例如，碼）及將資訊寫入該儲存媒體實例性儲存媒體可係構成處理器所必需。處理器及儲存媒體可駐存於-ASI(：巾。ASIC可駐存於制者裝置中另一選擇為，處理器及儲存媒體可作為離散組件駐存於使用者裝置中。此外，於某些態樣中，任—合適之電腦程式產品可包括-電腦可讀媒體，該電腦可讀媒體包括關於本揭示内容之各態樣之一者或多者之碼（例如，可由至See, it may be referred to herein as a "processor", such that the processor can read information (e.g., code) from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium. Required to form a processor. The processor and the storage medium may reside in the -ASI (: towel. The ASIC may reside in the maker device. Alternatively, the processor and the storage medium may reside as discrete components in the user device. In some aspects, any suitable computer program product can include a computer readable medium including code for one or more of the various aspects of the present disclosure (eg,

少一個電腦執行）。於某些態樣中，—f腦程式產品括封裝材料。所揭示態樣之先前閣述旨在使任一熟習此項技術者皆妒夠製作或使用本揭示内容。熟習此項技術者將易於瞭_ 該等態樣之各種修改，且本文所界定之—般原理可應用至其它態樣，此並不背離本揭示内容之範H : 内容並非意欲被限;t至本文所示之態樣，而是欲賦予其: 本文所揭示之原理及新穎特徵相—致之最寬廣W -、【圖式簡單說明】 7 120637.doc • 36 - 1353456 參照上述詳細闡述、隨附申請專利範圍及附圖來考量，將更充分地理解本揭示内容之該等及其他特徵、態樣及優勢，附圖中：圖1係一對象定位系統之數個實例性態樣之簡化圖；圖2係-可用於定位一對象之器件之數個實例性態樣之簡化圖；圖3係-可經實施以定位一對象之若干㈣之數個實例性態樣之流程圖；圖4係一可結合定位一對象來實施之若干作業之數個實例性態樣之流程圖；圖5係一可經實施以判定各器件之間的距離之若干作業之數個實例性態樣之流程圖；、圖6係一可經實施以判定各器件之間的距離之若干作業之數個實例性態樣之流程圖；、圖7係若干通信組件之數個實例性態樣之簡化方塊圖；及圖8係一對象定位裝置之數個實例性態樣之簡化圖。依慣例’圖式中圖解說明之各種特徵可能並未按比例繪製。因此’為清晰起見’各種特徵之尺寸可能㈣擴大^ 縮小。此外，為清晰起見，可簡化某些圖式。因此，該等圖式可能並未繪示一既定裝置（例如，器件）或方法之所有組件。最後’錢個說明書及所有圖式中，可使用相同參考編號來標示相同特徵。【主要元件符號說明】 !〇〇系統 120637.doc -37-One less computer to execute). In some cases, the -f brain program includes packaging materials. The prior disclosure of the disclosed aspects is intended to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present disclosure. A person skilled in the art will be able to devise various modifications of the invention, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of the disclosure: the content is not intended to be limited; To the aspect shown in this article, but to give it: The principle and novel features disclosed in this paper are the widest W -, [Simple description] 7 120637.doc • 36 - 1353456 Refer to the above detailed description, These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present disclosure will be more fully understood from the appended claims. Figure 2 is a simplified diagram of several exemplary aspects of a device that can be used to locate an object; Figure 3 is a flow diagram of several example aspects that can be implemented to locate a number (4) of an object; 4 is a flow diagram of several exemplary aspects of a number of operations that may be performed in conjunction with positioning an object; FIG. 5 is a number of exemplary aspects of a number of operations that may be implemented to determine the distance between devices. Flow chart; Figure 6 is a A flow chart of several exemplary aspects of performing a number of operations to determine the distance between devices; Figure 7 is a simplified block diagram of several exemplary aspects of a plurality of communication components; and Figure 8 is an object locating device A simplified diagram of several example aspects. The various features illustrated in the drawings are not necessarily to scale. Therefore, for the sake of clarity, the size of various features may (4) expand and shrink. In addition, some of the drawings may be simplified for the sake of clarity. Thus, the drawings may not depict all of the components of a given device (e.g., device) or method. In the final 'money description and all drawings, the same reference numerals may be used to indicate the same features. [Main component symbol description] !〇〇 System 120637.doc -37-

13534561353456

102 第一器件 104 第二器件 106 路徑 108 信號 110 信號 206 無線通信鏈路 208 收發機 210 天線 212 收發機 214 天線 216 移動或地點指示符 218 輸入器件 220 加速度計 221 信號產生器 222 發射機 224 接收機 226 位置處理器 228 相位鎖定電路 230 信號產生器 232 發射機 234 接收機 236 位置判定器 238 距離處理器 240 方向處理器 120637.doc -38- 1353456102 first device 104 second device 106 path 108 signal 110 signal 206 wireless communication link 208 transceiver 210 antenna 212 transceiver 214 antenna 216 movement or location indicator 218 input device 220 accelerometer 221 signal generator 222 transmitter 224 reception Machine 226 position processor 228 phase lock circuit 230 signal generator 232 transmitter 234 receiver 236 position determiner 238 distance processor 240 direction processor 120637.doc -38- 1353456

242 相位量測器 244 傳播時間量測器 246 信號強度量測器 248 位置指示產生器 250 輸出器件 252 單向處理組件 254 雙向處理組件 702 器件 704 器件 706 無線通信鏈路 708 發射資料處理器 710 資料緩衝器 712 調變器 714 發射機 716 天線 718 天線 720 接收機 722 解調器 724 接收資料處理器 726 發射資料處理器 728 調變器 730 發射機 732 控制器 734 接收機 120637.doc -39- 1353456 736 解調器 738 接收資料處理器 740 控制器 742 資料記憶體 744 資料記憶體 746 測距控制組件 748 測距控制組件 120637.doc ·40·242 Phase Measurer 244 Propagation Time Measurer 246 Signal Strength Measurer 248 Position Indication Generator 250 Output Device 252 Unidirectional Processing Component 254 Bidirectional Processing Component 702 Device 704 Device 706 Wireless Communication Link 708 Transmit Data Processor 710 Data Buffer 712 modulator 714 transmitter 716 antenna 718 antenna 720 receiver 722 demodulator 724 receive data processor 726 transmit data processor 728 modulator 730 transmitter 732 controller 734 receiver 120637.doc -39- 1353456 736 Demodulator 738 Receive Data Processor 740 Controller 742 Data Memory 744 Data Memory 746 Ranging Control Component 748 Ranging Control Component 120637.doc ·40·

Claims

1353456 第096115093號專利申請案 --- 十、申請專利範圍： 4^!!^ 1. 一種定位一器件之方法，其包括：將至少-個信號自-第-器件傳輸至一第二器件；由該第-器件在一第一位置處接收一由該第二器件回應於該至少一個信號而發射之第一作·號. 提供指令以沿著一已界定路徑將該第一器件從該第一位置移動至一第二位置；由該第一器件在該第二位置處接收一由該第二器件回應於該至少一個信號而發射之第二信號；由沿著在該第一及第二位置間的該已界定路徑之該第一器件在一第三位置處接收一由該第二器件回應於該至少一個信號而發射之第三信號；及基於該第一信號、該第二信號、該第三信號、該第一位置、該第二位置及該第三位置判定該第二器件相對於該第一器件之位置。1353456 Patent Application No. 096115093---X. Patent Application Range: 4^!!^ 1. A method of locating a device, comprising: transmitting at least one signal from a -th device to a second device; Receiving, by the first device, a first symbol transmitted by the second device in response to the at least one signal at a first location. providing an instruction to route the first device from the first along the defined path Moving a position to a second position; receiving, by the first device, a second signal emitted by the second device in response to the at least one signal; followed by the first and second The first device of the defined path between the locations receives a third signal transmitted by the second device in response to the at least one signal at a third location; and based on the first signal, the second signal, The third signal, the first position, the second position, and the third position determine a position of the second device relative to the first device.

如請求項1之方法，其中對該第二器件之位置之判定包括由下述判定組成之組群中之至少一者：判定該第二器件與5亥第一器件之間的至少一個距離，及判定自該第一器件至該第二器件之至少一個方向。 3. 如請求項1之方法，其進一步包括產生對由下述組成之組群中之至少一者之至少一個指示：該第二器件與該第一器件之間的至少一個距離，及自該第一器件至該第二器件之至少一個方向。 4. 如請求項3之方法，其中該至少一個指示包括由下述組 120637-1000603.doc 成之組群中之至少一 ---—- 首·—可聽指示、一可視指示、及溫度指示。求項3之方法’其中該至少-個指示包括-對由下述組成之組群中之？，丨王乂一者之可視顯示：該第二器件與 _态件之間的該至少—個距離、及自該第一器件至 I第二器件之該至少一個方向。月求項3之方法’其中該至少一個指示包括一基離之警報。 7 ·如請求項1 $ t、土 ^ . 去’其中對該位置之判定係基於由下述組成之組群中之$ ,丨、—土 . 該至^一者.該第一及第二信號之相位、 ^ —及第二信號之傳播時間、及該第一及第二信號之接收信號強度。 8.如請求項丨$古^ ώ 法，其進—步包括量測該第一器件之加速度以判定兮 @ 疋該第—及第二位置之間的相對距離。如請求項1夕t 法，其進一步包括量測該第一器件之加、、：从判定該第-器件的包括該第一位置及該第二位置之行動路徑。一。/項1之方法’其中該第—及第二信號I經由該第益件之—單個天線接收。 ―杜項1G之方法’其中該第—及第二信號係經由該第一盗件之一單個天線發射。 12. 如請求項1 _ 去，其中該至少一個信號及該第一及第 '係與雙向測距或單向測距相關聯。 13. 如請求項1 法，，、中對該第二器件之位置之該判定 120637-1000603.doc -2-The method of claim 1, wherein the determining of the location of the second device comprises at least one of the group consisting of: determining at least one distance between the second device and the first device, And determining at least one direction from the first device to the second device. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising generating at least one indication of at least one of the group consisting of: at least one distance between the second device and the first device, and from At least one direction from the first device to the second device. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the at least one indication comprises at least one of the group consisting of the following groups: 120637-1000603.doc----first--audible indication, a visual indication, and temperature Instructions. The method of claim 3 wherein the at least one indication comprises - in the group consisting of the following? The visual display of one of the two devices: the at least one distance between the second device and the state device, and the at least one direction from the first device to the second device. The method of claim 3, wherein the at least one indication includes an alarm. 7 · If the request item 1 $ t, soil ^ . go 'where the position is judged based on the group consisting of: $, 丨, - soil. The to ^ one. The first and second The phase of the signal, the propagation time of the ^ and the second signal, and the received signal strength of the first and second signals. 8. If the request item 古 $古^ ώ, the step further comprises measuring the acceleration of the first device to determine a relative distance between the first and second positions. The method of claim 1 further includes measuring the addition of the first device from: determining a path of action of the first device including the first location and the second location. One. / Method of item 1 wherein the first and second signals I are received via a single antenna of the benefit. The method of the item 1G wherein the first and second signals are transmitted via a single antenna of the first pirate. 12. The request item 1 _ goes to, wherein the at least one signal and the first and second systems are associated with two-way ranging or one-way ranging. 13. In the case of claim 1, the determination of the location of the second device is in the range of 120637-1000603.doc -2-

14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 包括判^ -自該第-位置至該第二器件之第—距離及判定：自該第二位置至該第二器件之第二距離。如-月求項13之方法，其進_步包括產生該第—位置是否比該第二位置更接近於該第二器件之至少一個指示。如請求項1之方法，立推 ^ ,, 其進一步包括判定該第一器件之移動。月求項15之方法’其中對該移動之判定包括量測該第一器件之加速度。如请求項15之方法’其中對該移動之判定係由—使用者輸入器件啟始》如凊求項1之方法’其中該第—器件在該第—地點與該第二地點之間的移動與一已界定之行動速率相關。如凊求項1之方法，其中該第一及第二信號各自包括超寬頻脈衝。如请求項19之方法，其中該等超寬頻脈衝之每一者具有一 2〇%或更大之分頻寬、具有一 500 MHz或更大之頻寬或具有一20%或更大之分頻寬且具有一 500 MHz或更大之頻寬。如凊求項1之方法，其中該第一器件經由一個人區域網路或一人體區域網路與該第二器件進行通信。如請求項1之方法，其中：該第一及第二信號之相位係鎖定至自該第一器件傳輸至§亥第二器件之該至少一個信號之相位；及對該位置之該判定係基於該接收之第一及第二信號之 120637-1000603.doc 1353456 月多日修正雜14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. Including the judgment - the distance from the first position to the second device - and the determination: from the second position to the second device The second distance. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of generating includes determining whether the first position is closer to the at least one indication of the second device than the second position. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises determining the movement of the first device. The method of claim 15 wherein the determination of the movement includes measuring the acceleration of the first device. The method of claim 15 wherein the determination of the movement is initiated by the user input device, such as the method of claim 1, wherein the movement of the first device between the first location and the second location Associated with a defined rate of action. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second signals each comprise an ultra-wideband pulse. The method of claim 19, wherein each of the ultra-wideband pulses has a division bandwidth of 2% or more, a bandwidth of 500 MHz or more, or a score of 20% or more. The bandwidth is wide and has a bandwidth of 500 MHz or more. The method of claim 1, wherein the first device communicates with the second device via a human area network or a human area network. The method of claim 1, wherein: the phase of the first and second signals is locked to a phase of the at least one signal transmitted from the first device to the second device; and the determining of the location is based on The first and second signals received are 120637-1000603.doc 1353456

相位。 23. 24 一種用於定位一器件之裝置，其包括：一使用者介面，其調適成提供指令以沿著—已界定路徑將該裝置從一第一位置移動至一第二位置；一發射機，其調適成將至少一個信號傳輸至一器件；一接收機，其調適成：在°玄第一位置處接收一由該器件回應於該至少一個信號而發射之第一信號，在该第二位置處接收一由該器件回應於該至少一個信號而發射之第二信號；及由沿著在該第一及第二位置間的該已界定路徑在一第二位置處接收一由該器件回應於該至少一個信號而發射之第三信號；及 ' 一位置判定器，其調適成基於該第一信號、該第二信號、該第三信號、該第一位置、該第二位置及該第三：置判定該器件相對於該裝置之位置。㈣求項23之裝置，其中該位置判定器進—步調適成判定由下述組成之組群中之至少一者：該器件與該裝置之間的至少一個距離，及自該裝置至該器件之至少一個方向。 25. 如請求項23之裝置其進一步包括一指示產生器，其調適成產生對由下述組成之組群中之至少一者之至少一個指示：該器件與該裝置之間的至少―個距離，及自該裝置至該器件之至少—個方向 120637-I000603.doc 26. 日修正雜頁如請求項25之裝置，盆φ L- 成之組群中之至 .:夕個指不包括由下述組溫度指示。 ·—可“指示一可視指示及一 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 明不項25之裝置，其中組成之組群中之至少一者則曰不包括對由下述之間的該至少—個距離t可視顯示：該器件與該裝置 -個方向。離’及自該装置至該器件之該至少如凊求項25之裝置離之警報。其中該至少一個指示包括—基於距、-月求項23之震置’其中該位置判定器進__步調適成基 ^由下述組成之組群中之至少—者來判定該位置：該第一及第二信號之相位、該第一及第二信號之傳播時間、及該第一及第二信號之接收信號強度。。月求項23之裝置，其進一步包括一加速度計，其調適成里測该裝置之加速度以判定該第一及第二位置之間的相對距離。如叫求項23之裝置，其進一步包括一加速度計，其調適成篁測该裝置之加速度以判定該裝置的包括該第一位置及該第二位置之行動路徑。如-月求項23之裝置，其中該第一及第二信號係經由該裝置之一單個天線接收。如明求項32之裝置，其中該第一及第二信號係經由該器件之一單個天線發射。如明求項23之襞置，纟中該至少一個信號及該第一及第 120637-1000603.doc 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 0年辦日修正输二信號係與雙向測距或單向測距相關聯。 - 如"月求項23之裝置’其中該位置判定器進一步調適成判定一自該第-位置至該器件之第—距離，及判定一自該第二位置至該器件之第二距離。如印求項35之裝置，其進一步包括一指示產生器，其調適成產生該第一位置是否比該第二位置更接近於該器件之至少一個指示。如請求項23之裝置，其進一步包括一調適成判定該裝置之移動之移動指示符。如請求項37之裝置’其中該移動指示符包括一加速度計。如請求項37之裝置，其進一步包括一調適成啟始該移動判定之輸入器件。如請求項23之裴置，其中該裝置在該第一地點與該第二地點之間的移動與一已界定之行動速率相關。如請求項23之裝置，其中該第一及第二信號分別包括超寬頻脈衝。如請求項41之裝置，其中該等超寬頻脈衝之每一者具有一 20%或更大之分頻寬、具有一 5 00 MHz或更大之頻寬、或具有一 20%或更大之分頻寬且具有一 500 MHz或更大之頻寬。如請求項23之裝置，其中該裝置經由一個人區域網路或一人體區域網路與該器件進行通信。如請求項23之裝置，其中： 120637-1000603.doc * 6 - 45. 广乙6年^^曰修正賴黃該第一及第二信號之相位係鎖定至自該裝置傳輸至該器件之該至少一個信號之相位；及該位置判定器係進一步調適成基於該所接收之第—及第二信號之相位來判定該位置。一種用於定位一器件之裝置，其包括：用於提供指令以沿著一已界定路徑將該裝置從該第_ 位置移動至一第二位置之構件用於將至少一個信號傳輸至一器件之構件；用於以下功能之構件：在該第一位置接收一由該器件回應於該至少一個信號而發射之第一信號， ° 在一第二位置接收一由該器件回應於該至少一個作號而發射之第二信號，及 ° 由沿著在該第一及第二位置間的該已界定路徑在一第三位置處接收一由該器件回應於該至少一個信號而發射之第三信號；及〜用於基於該第一信號、該第二信號、該第三信號、該第一位置、該第二位置及該第三位置収該器件相對^ 該裝置之位置的構件。 ' 46. 47. 如請求項45之裝置，其中該用於判位置之構件判定由下述組成之組群中之至少一者：該器件與該裝置之間的至少一個距離，及自該裝置至該器件之至少一個方向。如請求項45之裝置，其進一步包括用於產生對由下述組 120637-1000603.doc 1353456Phase. 23. A device for locating a device, comprising: a user interface adapted to provide instructions to move the device from a first position to a second position along a defined path; Adapting to transmit at least one signal to a device; a receiver adapted to: receive a first signal transmitted by the device in response to the at least one signal at a first position of the first position, in the second Receiving, by the device, a second signal transmitted by the device in response to the at least one signal; and receiving, by the device, a response at the second location along the defined path between the first and second locations a third signal transmitted at the at least one signal; and a 'position determiner adapted to be based on the first signal, the second signal, the third signal, the first position, the second position, and the Three: Determine the position of the device relative to the device. (d) The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the position determiner is further adapted to determine at least one of the group consisting of: at least one distance between the device and the device, and from the device to the device At least one direction. 25. The device of claim 23, further comprising an indication generator adapted to generate at least one indication of at least one of the group consisting of: at least one distance between the device and the device And at least one direction from the device to the device 120637-I000603.doc 26. The correction of the miscellaneous page, such as the device of claim 25, is in the group of φ L- into the group. The following group temperature indications. - "may indicate a visual indication and a 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. The device of 25 does not include at least one of the group consisting of The at least one distance t between the two is visually displayed: the device and the device are in a direction away from and the device from the device to the device is at least as alert as the device of claim 25. wherein the at least one indication Including - based on the distance, - month finding 23, wherein the position determiner is adapted to determine the position by at least one of the following groups: the first and second a phase of the signal, a propagation time of the first and second signals, and a received signal strength of the first and second signals. The apparatus of claim 23, further comprising an accelerometer adapted to measure the device Acceleration to determine a relative distance between the first and second positions. The device of claim 23, further comprising an accelerometer adapted to detect an acceleration of the device to determine that the device includes the first The location and the action path of the second location. The device of claim 23, wherein the first and second signals are received via a single antenna of the device. The device of claim 32, wherein the first and second signals are individually via one of the devices The antenna is transmitted. As set forth in claim 23, the at least one signal and the first and the first 120637-1000603.doc 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 0 The annual correction of the second signal is associated with two-way ranging or one-way ranging. - such as "monthly device 23, wherein the position determiner is further adapted to determine a position from the first position to the device a first distance, and a second distance from the second position to the device. The device of claim 35, further comprising an indicator generator adapted to generate whether the first position is greater than the second position More closely related to at least one indication of the device. The device of claim 23, further comprising a movement indicator adapted to determine movement of the device. The device of claim 37 wherein the movement indicator comprises an accelerometer. In the device of claim 37, The step includes adapting an input device suitable for initiating the movement determination. As set forth in claim 23, wherein movement of the device between the first location and the second location is related to a defined rate of action. The device of item 23, wherein the first and second signals respectively comprise an ultra-wideband pulse. The device of claim 41, wherein each of the ultra-wideband pulses has a division width of 20% or more, having one a bandwidth of 5 00 MHz or greater, or a bandwidth of 20% or greater and having a bandwidth of 500 MHz or greater. The device of claim 23, wherein the device is via a personal area network or A human body area network communicates with the device. The device of claim 23, wherein: 120637-1000603.doc * 6 - 45. The second phase of the first and second signals is locked to the device from the device to the device. The phase of the at least one signal; and the position determiner is further adapted to determine the position based on the phase of the received first and second signals. An apparatus for locating a device, comprising: means for providing instructions to move the apparatus from the first position to a second position along a defined path for transmitting at least one signal to a device a member for: receiving, in the first position, a first signal transmitted by the device in response to the at least one signal, and receiving, at a second location, a response from the device to the at least one signature And transmitting a second signal, and receiving a third signal transmitted by the device in response to the at least one signal at a third location along the defined path between the first and second locations; And means for receiving the position of the device relative to the device based on the first signal, the second signal, the third signal, the first position, the second position, and the third position. 46. 47. The device of claim 45, wherein the means for determining a position determines at least one of the group consisting of: at least one distance between the device and the device, and from the device To at least one direction of the device. The apparatus of claim 45, further comprising the group for generating pairs 120637-1000603.doc 1353456

該器件成之組群中之至少·-者之至少與該裝置之間的至少一個距離至少一個方向。一個指示之構件 ’及自該裂置至該器件之 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 如請求項47之裝置，其中該至少一個指示包括由下述組成之組群中之至少〆者：一可聽指示、一可視指示及— 溫度指不。如請求項47之裝置，其中該至少一個指示包括對由下述組成之組群中之至少一者之可視顯示：該器件與該裝置之間的該至少一個距離，及自該裝置至該器件之該至少一個方向。如請求項47之裝置，其中該至少一個指示包括一基於距離之警報。如請求項45之裝置，其中該用於判定一位置之構件基於由下述組成之組群中之至少一者來判定該位置：該第— 及第二信號之相位、該第一及第二信號之傳播時間、及該第一及第二信號之接收信號強度。如請求項45之裝置’其進一步包括用於量測該裝置之加速度以判定該第一及第一位置之間的相對距離之構件。如請求項45之裝置，其進一步包括用於量測該裝置之加速度以判定該裝置的包括該第一位置及該第二位置之行動路徑之構件。如請求項4 5之裝置’其中該第一及第二信號係經由該裝置之一單個天線接收。如請求項54之裝置，其中該第一及第二信號係經由該器 120637-1000603.doc 上乃3456At least one of at least one of the at least one of the groups of the device is at least one direction apart from the device. An apparatus for indicating 'and a device that is spliced to the device. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. The device of claim 47, wherein the at least one indication comprises a group consisting of At least the best: an audible indication, a visual indication and - temperature means no. The device of claim 47, wherein the at least one indication comprises a visual display of at least one of the group consisting of: the at least one distance between the device and the device, and from the device to the device The at least one direction. The apparatus of claim 47, wherein the at least one indication comprises an alert based on the distance. The apparatus of claim 45, wherein the means for determining a location determines the location based on at least one of the group consisting of: a phase of the first and second signals, the first and second The propagation time of the signal and the received signal strength of the first and second signals. The device of claim 45, which further includes means for measuring the acceleration of the device to determine the relative distance between the first and first positions. The apparatus of claim 45, further comprising means for measuring an acceleration of the apparatus to determine a travel path of the apparatus including the first position and the second position. The device of claim 4 wherein the first and second signals are received via a single antenna of the device. The device of claim 54, wherein the first and second signals are via the device 120637-1000603.doc is 3456

日修正臟件之一單個天線發射。 56.如請求項45之裝置，其中該至少一個信號與該第一及第二信號係與雙向測距或單向測距相關聯。 5人如請求項45之裝置’其中該用於判定—位置之構件判定 -自該第-位置至該器件之第一距離，及判定—自該第 —位置至該器件之第二距離。认^請求項57之裝置，其進一步包括用於產生該第一位置疋否比該第二位置更接近於該器件之至少一個指示。 59.如β求項45之裝置，其進一步包括用於判定該裝置之移動之構件。 6〇.如請求項59之裝置，其中該用於判定移動之構件包括用於判定加速度之構件。 61. 如請求項59之裝置，其進一步包括用於輸入以啟始該移動判定之構件。 62. 如請求項45之裝置，其中該裝置在該第一地點與該第地點之間的移動與一已界定之行動速率相關。 3求項45之裳置，其中該第一及第二信號分別包括超寬頻脈衝。 64. 如請求項63之裝置，其中該等超寬頻脈衝之每一者具有 2〇/。或更大之分頻寬、具有—5〇〇 MHz或更大之頻寬、或具有一 20%或更大之分頻寬且具有一 500 MHz或更大之頻寬。 65. 如請求項45之裝置，其中該裝置經由一個人區域網路或一人體區域網路與該器件進行通信。 120637-1000603.doc 丄叫456One of the modified antennas is a single antenna launch. 56. The device of claim 45, wherein the at least one signal and the first and second signal systems are associated with two-way ranging or one-way ranging. Five persons, such as the device of claim 45, wherein the means for determining - position determines - the first distance from the first position to the device, and the determination - the second distance from the first position to the device. The device of claim 57, further comprising at least one indication for generating the first location that is closer to the device than the second location. 59. The device of claim 45, further comprising means for determining movement of the device. 6. The apparatus of claim 59, wherein the means for determining movement comprises means for determining acceleration. 61. The device of claim 59, further comprising means for inputting to initiate the movement determination. 62. The device of claim 45, wherein the movement of the device between the first location and the first location is related to a defined rate of action. The solution of claim 45, wherein the first and second signals respectively comprise ultra-wideband pulses. 64. The device of claim 63, wherein each of the ultra-wideband pulses has 2 〇/. Or a larger division bandwidth, a bandwidth of -5 〇〇 MHz or more, or a division bandwidth of 20% or more and a bandwidth of 500 MHz or more. 65. The device of claim 45, wherein the device communicates with the device via a human area network or a human area network. 120637-1000603.doc Howling 456

66·如請求項45之裝置，其中該第一及第二信號之相位係鎖定至該至少一個自該裝置傳輸至該器件之信號之相位；及該用於判定一位置之構件基於該所接收之第—及第二信號之相位判定該位置。 .一種用於定位一器件之電腦程式產品，其包括：電腦可讀媒體，其包括可由至少一個電腦執行以執行下述作業之碼：將至少一個信號發射至一器件；在一第一位置接收一由該器件回應於該至少一個信號而發射之第一信號；提供指令以沿著一已界定路徑將該至少—電腦程式產品從該第一位置移動至一第二位置；在一第二位置接收一由該器件回應於該至少一個信號而發射之第二信號；由沿著在該第一及第二位置間的該已界定路徑在一第三位置處接收一由該器件回應於該至少—個信號而發射之第三信號；及基於β亥第_化號、該第二信號、該第三信號、該第位置°玄第—位置及該第三信號判定該器件相對於該裝置之位置。 68. —種用於無線通信之耳機，其包括：使用者面，其係、調適成提供指令以沿著—已界定路徑將該耳機從-第—位置移動至—第二位置； 120637-1000603.doc -10- 1353456 一發射機，件；其係調適成將至少66. The device of claim 45, wherein the phase of the first and second signals is locked to a phase of the at least one signal transmitted from the device to the device; and the means for determining a location is based on the received The first and the second signal phase determine the position. A computer program product for locating a device, comprising: a computer readable medium comprising code executable by at least one computer to perform: transmitting at least one signal to a device; receiving at a first location a first signal transmitted by the device in response to the at least one signal; providing instructions to move the at least computer program product from the first location to a second location along a defined path; in a second location Receiving a second signal transmitted by the device in response to the at least one signal; receiving a response from the device at the third location along the defined path between the first and second locations a third signal transmitted by the signal; and determining the device relative to the device based on the beta signal, the second signal, the third signal, the first position, and the third signal position. 68. An earphone for wireless communication, comprising: a user face adapted to provide instructions to move the headset from a - position to a second position along a defined path; 120637-1000603 .doc -10- 1353456 a transmitter, a piece; its adaptation is to be at least

一接收機，其係調適成：在第一位置接收一由該器件回應於該至少一個號而發射之第一信號， °a receiver adapted to receive a first signal transmitted by the device in response to the at least one number at a first location, °

在一第二位置接收一由該器件回應於該至少一個號而發射之第二信號，及 s *由沿著在該第_及第二位置間的該已界定路徑在一第三位置處接收—由該器件回應於該至少一發射之第三信號；琥而一位置判定器，其調適成基於該第一信號、該第二疒號、該第三信號、該第一位置、該第二位置及該第三‘ 置判定該器件相對於該耳機之位置；及轉換态，其調適成基於一經由該接收機接收之信號提供一可聽輸出。 υReceiving, at a second location, a second signal transmitted by the device in response to the at least one number, and s* being received at a third location along the defined path between the first and second locations - responsive to the at least one transmitted third signal by the device; a position determining device adapted to be based on the first signal, the second apostrophe, the third signal, the first position, the second The position and the third setting determine a position of the device relative to the earphone; and a transition state adapted to provide an audible output based on a signal received via the receiver. υ

69. 一種用於無線通信之錶，其包括：使用者"面’其調適成提供指令以沿著—已界定路徑將該錶從一第一位置移動至一第二位置；發射機"調適成將至少一個信號傳輸至一器件；一接收機，其調適成：在該第一位置接收一由該器件信號而發射之第一信號，在該第二位置接收一由該器件信號而發射之第二信號，及回應於該至少一個回應於該至少一個 120637-1000603.doc -11 - 广①《衫日修正頁由沿著在該第一及第二位置間的該已界定路徑在一第二位置處接收一由該器件回應於該至少一個信號而發射之第三信號；一位置判定器’其調適成基於該第一信號、該第二信號、該第二信號、該第一位置、該第二位置及該第三位置判疋該益件相對於該錶之位置；及一顯不器’其調適成基於一經由該接收機接收之信號提供一可視輸出。 70. 一種用於無線通信之醫療器件，其包括： I 一使用者介面，其調適成提供指令以沿著一已界定路徑將該錶從一第—位置移動至一第二位置；一發射機，其調適成將至少一個信號傳輸至一器件；一接·收機，其調適成：、一 .二一- -,· . '' *' 在第一後ϊ Λ收一由該ϋ件回應於該至少一個信 q 號而發射之第一信號，在一第二位置接收一由該器件回應於該至少一個信號而發射之第二信號，及 I 由沿著在該第一及第二位置間的該已界定路徑在一第三位置處接收一由該器件回應於該至少一個信號而發射之第三信號；一位置判定器，其調適成基於該第一信號、該第二信號、s亥第二信號、該第一位置、該第二位置及該第三位置判定該器件相對於該醫療器件之位置；及一感測益，其調適成產生欲經由該發射機發射之經感測資料。 & 120637-1000603.doc •12·69. A table for wireless communication, comprising: a user "face' adapted to provide instructions to move the table from a first location to a second location along a defined path; a transmitter" Adapting to transmit at least one signal to a device; a receiver adapted to: receive a first signal transmitted by the device signal at the first location, and receive a signal transmitted by the device signal at the second location a second signal, and responsive to the at least one response to the at least one 120637-1000603.doc -11 - wide 1 "shirt date correction page" along the defined path between the first and second positions Receiving, at a second location, a third signal transmitted by the device in response to the at least one signal; a position determiner adapted to be based on the first signal, the second signal, the second signal, the first position The second location and the third location determine a location of the benefit relative to the watch; and a display is adapted to provide a visual output based on a signal received via the receiver. 70. A medical device for wireless communication, comprising: a user interface adapted to provide instructions to move the watch from a first position to a second position along a defined path; It is adapted to transmit at least one signal to a device; one connection to the receiver, which is adapted to: , one. two one - -, · . '' *' in the first post Λ 收收 replied by the ϋ a first signal transmitted at the at least one signal q, receiving a second signal transmitted by the device in response to the at least one signal at a second location, and I being followed by the first and second locations The defined path therebetween receives a third signal transmitted by the device in response to the at least one signal at a third location; a position determiner adapted to be based on the first signal, the second signal, s The second signal, the first location, the second location, and the third location determine a location of the device relative to the medical device; and a sense of gain that is adapted to produce a sensed transmission to be transmitted via the transmitter data. & 120637-1000603.doc •12·