1327710 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種BIOS燒錄方法，尤指一種可線上燒 錄BIOS，且操作簡單、可節省燒錄時間及防止人為漏燒之 BIOS線上燒錄方法。 【先前技術】 在電腦系統架構中，BIOS(Basic Input Output System， 基本輸入輸出系統）係電腦系統基本操作中最基礎之軟體。 BIOS主要由一連串低階之指令集所組成，負責控制個人電 腦之基本輸入輸出、系統設置資訊、開機自檢程式、糸統啓 動程式以及系統内部各硬體之工作協調，BIOS於個人電腦 中之作用舉足輕重。一般而言，BIOS程式係燒錄於一個可 以長久不需電源之非揮發性記憶體中，並將此類BIOS記憶 體内建於電腦系統之主機板，使之不受電源供應影響而可永 久保存其内容。 現有BIOS燒錄方法係於BIOS晶片貼裝到主機板之 前，用燒錄機進行燒錄，亦即離線燒錄。如中國專利申請第 02204313.6號，揭示一種可程式化1C之燒錄器，其包含一 燒錄單元，可程式化積體電路晶片裝設於其上，惟，所述燒 錄器只能燒錄未進行組裝之積體電路晶片，不能燒錄已集成 於主板上之積體電路晶片。 該等離線燒錄BIOS方法所需燒錄時間長，且用於燒錄 BIOS之燒錄模組成本高，人為漏燒錄之情況也經常發生， 故增加測試成本。此外，BIOS晶片需用特製之真空吸筆吸 取，燒錄操作也相當麻煩。且對於TSOP等封裝形式之BIOS 燒錄時，易損壞其管腳，導致BIOS晶片焊貼到主機板上時， 造成主機板不良率上升。 【發明内容】 6 1327710 本發明之目的在於提供一種可線上燒錄BIOS，且操作 簡單、可節省燒錄時間及防止人為漏燒之BIOS線上燒錄方 法。 一種BIOS線上燒錄方法，用以提供BIOS之線上燒錄， 其包括下列步驟：貼裝一待燒錄之BIOS於一待燒錄板；藉 由一單片機接收燒錄命令，自動打開電源；進行該BIOS之 空白檢查，若空白檢查不成功，則擦除該BIOS ;線上燒錄 該BIOS，由該單片機將資料信號、位址信號燒錄至該BIOS; 校驗燒錄後之BIOS，自動關閉電源。其中該方法還包括由 一 PC(個人電腦）主機與該單片機通訊，提供燒錄介面及進行 良率統計，發送與接收指令；由一 SFC(Software Control，軟 體控制）伺服器藉由一網路接收來自PC主機之Barcode(條碼） 和燒錄結果，進行路由控制及記錄結果。 該BIOS線上燒錄方法實現了 BIOS之線上燒錄；操作 簡單，燒錄速度快；燒錄機與SFC伺服器連接，實現了路由 控制，杜絕人為因素之漏燒，保證燒錄過程資料之穩定傳 輸；不需要人工插拔待燒錄BIOS，避免了 BIOS管腳之損壞’ 主機板良率上升。 【實施方式】 請參閱第一圖，係BIOS線上燒錄方法之系統組成圖， 該BIOS線上燒錄方法應用於一 BIOS線上燒錄系統，其包 括一待燒錄板15、一單片機主控燒錄卡30、一 PC主機40 及一 SFC伺服器50。該待燒錄板15係一主機板，一待燒錄 目標BIOS 10貼裝於其上。該單片機主控燒錄卡30貼裝一 單片機（圖未示），該單片機主控燒錄卡30上有一燒錄平台， 該待燒錄板15放置於其上，藉由若干探針（圖未.示）與該燒錄 卡30相連。該燒錄卡30與該PC主機40以串口方式相互連 接，該PC主機40藉由網路與該SFC伺服器50連接通信。 該待燒錄目標BIOS 10貼裝於該待燒錄板15後，藉由 7 1327710 該單片機主控燒錄卡30將資料信號、位址信號、控制信號、 電源轉接至該待燒錄板15。由該PC主機40連接一顯示設 備（圖未示）提供燒錄介面，良率統計；該PC主機40以串口 方式與該單片機主控燒錄卡30通訊，發送與接收指令，包 括校驗一安裝於該單片機主控燒錄卡30之母BIOS(圖未 示），設定相關燒錄參數並發送至該單片機主控燒錄卡30。 由該SFC伺服器50藉由網路接收來自PC主機40的Barcode 和燒錄結果，進行路由控制及記錄結果。 請參閱第二圖，係本發明之主控流程圖。當操作者按下 燒錄開始鍵後，單片機主控燒錄卡30之單片機開始初始化， 並檢測是否已與PC主機40連接好，當與PC主機40連接後， 開始該母BIOS之校驗，若母BIOS不符要求，則更換母 BIOS，直至母BIOS校驗成功，然後放置一目標板（未標號）， 即該貼裝有目標BIOS 10之待燒錄板15，接著掃描其 Barcode，若掃描之Barcode不正確，則重新放置目標板，當 掃描之Barcode正確後，執行燒錄之主程序流程。 請一併參閱第一圖至第三圖，第三圖係本發明之主程序 流程圖。當單片機接收到燒錄指令，則自動打開電源，進行 目標BIOS 10之空白檢查，若空白檢查不成功，則擦除目標 BIOS 10，擦除副程式下文將結合第四圖詳細敘述。若擦除 目標BIOS 10不成功，則自動關閉電源，並送Barcode及燒 , 錄結果失敗（fail)至SFC伺服器50;若目標BIOS 10空白檢查 成功，則直接燒錄目標BIOS 10，燒錄副程式下文將結合第 五圖詳細敘述。若燒錄不成功，則自動關閉電源，並送 Barcode及燒錄結果失敗（fail)至SFC伺服器50;若燒錄成 功，則對燒錄後之目標BIOS 10進行校驗’若校驗結果不成 功，則自動關閉電源，並送Barcode及燒錄結果失敗（fail)至 SFC伺服器50;若校驗成功，則自動關閉電源，並送Barcode 及燒錄結果成功（pass)至SFC伺服器50;然後，檢查網路是否 8 1327710 超時，若超時，則顯示失敗（fail)，若網路沒有超時，則顯示成 功（pass)，至此，目標BIOS 10燒錄完成。 請一併參閱第四圖，係主程序流程中之擦除副程式流程 圖。主程序目標BIOS 10空白檢查不成功，需進入擦除步驟 擦除目標BIOS 10。當擦除開始，單片機送指令80h至該目 標BIOS 10，接著送指令10h，然後讀單片機上之狀態寄存 器，若狀態位元B7非零，則表示擦除程式正在執行中，擦 除還沒有完成，重新讀狀態寄存器，直到B7等於零，此時 擦除完成。接著讀狀態位元B3，B3非零，表明Vpp(燒錄電 壓）異常，擦除失敗；若B3等於零，接著讀狀態位元B4、 B5，若B4與B5不為零，則表示目標BIOS 10接收了錯誤 命令，擦除失敗，若B4與B5等於零，則檢驗B5是否為零， 若B5不為零，則表示擦除程式出現錯誤，擦除失敗，若B5 等於零，目標BIOS 10擦除成功。 請繼續參閱第五圖，係主程序流程中之燒錄副程式流程 圖。主程序目標BIOS 10空白檢查成功後，進入燒錄步驟， 燒錄開始，單片機送出指令30h，接著送位址1和資料1， 送位址2和資料2，送位址3和資料3，送位址4和資料4， 資料寫入完成後，讀狀態寄存器，若狀態寄存器之狀態位元 B7非零，貝|J表示燒錄正在執行中，燒錄還沒有完成，重新讀 狀態寄存器，直到B7等於零，此時燒錄完成。接著讀狀態 位元B3，B3非零，表明Vpp異常，燒錄失敗；若B3等於 零，接著讀狀態位元B4，若B4非零，則表示燒錄程式出現 錯誤，燒錄失敗，若B4等於零，接著檢驗目標BIOS 10是 否已全部燒錄完，若沒有全部燒錄完，則單片機重新送指令 30h，重新執行該燒錄步驟，直至燒錄全部完成.，目標BIOS 10燒錄成功。 該BIOS線上燒錄方法可應用於燒錄相同類型之Flash R0M(F1 ash Read-only Memory，唯讀快閃記憶體）。 9 1327710 綜上所述，本發明符合發明專利要件，爰依法提出專利 申請。惟，以上所述者僅為本發明之較佳實施例，舉凡熟悉 本案技藝之人士，在爰依本發明精神所作之等效修飾或變 化，皆應涵蓋於以下之申請專利範圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖係本發明BIOS線上燒錄方法之系統組成圖。 第二圖係本發明BIOS線上燒錄方法之主控流程圖。 第三圖係本發明BIOS線上燒錄方法之主程序流程圖。 第四圖係本發明BIOS線上燒錄方法之擦除副程式流程 圖。 第五圖係本發明BIOS線上燒錄方法之燒錄副程式流程 圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 目標BIOS 10 待燒錄板 15 單片機主控燒錄卡 30 PC主機 40 SFC伺服器 501327710 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a BIOS burning method, and more particularly to a BIOS that can be burned on-line and which is easy to operate, saves burning time and prevents human leakage. Recording method. [Prior Art] In the computer system architecture, the BIOS (Basic Input Output System) is the most basic software in the basic operation of the computer system. The BIOS is mainly composed of a series of low-level instruction sets, which are responsible for controlling the basic input and output of the personal computer, the system setting information, the boot self-test program, the boot program and the coordination of the internal hardware of the system. The BIOS is in the personal computer. The role is very important. In general, the BIOS program is programmed into a non-volatile memory that can be used for a long time without power supply, and the BIOS memory is built into the motherboard of the computer system so that it can be permanently protected from the power supply. Save its contents. The existing BIOS burning method is performed before the BIOS chip is mounted on the motherboard, and is burned by the burning machine, that is, offline burning. For example, Chinese Patent Application No. 02204313.6 discloses a programmable 1C burner including a programming unit on which a programmable integrated circuit chip is mounted, but the burner can only be programmed. An integrated circuit chip that has not been assembled cannot be programmed with an integrated circuit chip that has been integrated on the main board. The offline burning BIOS method requires a long programming time, and the programming module for burning the BIOS is costly, and the situation of human leakage programming often occurs frequently, thereby increasing the testing cost. In addition, the BIOS chip needs to be sucked by a special vacuum pen, and the burning operation is quite troublesome. Moreover, when the BIOS is packaged in a package such as TSOP, the pin is easily damaged, and the defect rate of the motherboard is increased when the BIOS chip is soldered to the motherboard. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 6 1327710 The object of the present invention is to provide a BIOS online burning method which can be programmed on the line and which is simple in operation, saves burning time and prevents artificial leakage. A BIOS online burning method for providing online burning of a BIOS, comprising the steps of: mounting a BIOS to be burned on a standby board; automatically receiving a burning command by a single chip microcomputer; The blank check of the BIOS, if the blank check is unsuccessful, the BIOS is erased; the BIOS is burned online, and the data signal and the address signal are burned to the BIOS by the single chip; the BIOS after the verification is automatically turned off. power supply. The method further includes communicating with the single chip by a PC (Personal Computer) host, providing a programming interface and performing yield statistics, sending and receiving commands; and an SFC (Software Control) server via a network Receive Barcode (bar code) and programming results from the PC host, perform routing control and record the results. The BIOS online burning method realizes the online burning of the BIOS; the operation is simple, the burning speed is fast; the burning machine is connected with the SFC server, the routing control is realized, the leakage of the human factor is eliminated, and the data of the burning process is stabilized. Transmission; no need to manually plug in the BIOS to be burned, avoiding the damage of the BIOS pin' The board yield is rising. [Embodiment] Please refer to the first figure, which is a system composition diagram of a BIOS online burning method. The BIOS online burning method is applied to a BIOS online burning system, which includes a to-be-burned board 15 and a single-chip microcomputer main control burning. The card 30, a PC host 40 and an SFC server 50 are used. The board to be burned 15 is a motherboard, and a target BIOS 10 to be mounted is mounted thereon. The MCU main control flash card 30 is mounted with a single chip microcomputer (not shown), and the MCU main control flash card 30 has a burning platform, and the to-be-burned board 15 is placed thereon, by using a plurality of probes (Fig. Not shown) is connected to the flash card 30. The flash card 30 and the PC host 40 are connected to each other in a serial port manner, and the PC host 40 is connected to the SFC server 50 via a network. After the target BIOS 10 to be burned is mounted on the to-be-burned board 15, the data signal, the address signal, the control signal, and the power supply are transferred to the to-be-burned board by the main-chip burning card 30 of 7 1327710. 15. The PC host 40 is connected to a display device (not shown) to provide a programming interface, and the yield statistics; the PC host 40 communicates with the MCU master flash card 30 in a serial port manner, and sends and receives commands, including verifying one. The mother BIOS (not shown) installed in the master control flash card 30 of the single chip microcomputer sets the relevant programming parameters and sends them to the master control flash card 30 of the single chip microcomputer. The SFC server 50 receives the Barcode and the burn result from the PC host 40 via the network, and performs routing control and recording results. Please refer to the second figure, which is a main control flow chart of the present invention. When the operator presses the programming start key, the single-chip microcomputer of the single-chip master burning card 30 starts initialization, and detects whether it has been connected with the PC host 40. When connected with the PC host 40, the verification of the mother BIOS is started. If the parent BIOS does not meet the requirements, replace the parent BIOS until the mother BIOS is successfully verified, and then place a target board (not labeled), that is, the target BIOS 10 to be burned to the board 15, and then scan its Barcode, if scanning If the Barcode is incorrect, the target board is repositioned. When the scanned Barcode is correct, the main program flow of the programming is executed. Please refer to the first to third figures together. The third figure is a flow chart of the main program of the present invention. When the MCU receives the programming command, it automatically turns on the power and performs blank check of the target BIOS 10. If the blank check is unsuccessful, the target BIOS 10 is erased, and the erased subroutine will be described in detail below in conjunction with the fourth figure. If the target BIOS 10 is unsuccessful, the power is automatically turned off, and the Barcode is burned, and the result is failed (fail) to the SFC server 50. If the target BIOS 10 blank check succeeds, the target BIOS 10 is directly burned and burned. The subroutine will be described in detail below in conjunction with the fifth figure. If the programming is unsuccessful, the power is automatically turned off, and the Barcode and the burning result are failed (fail) to the SFC server 50; if the burning is successful, the target BIOS 10 after the burning is verified. If it is unsuccessful, the power will be automatically turned off, and the Barcode and the burning result will fail (Fail) to the SFC server 50. If the verification is successful, the power will be automatically turned off, and the Barcode and the burning result will be successfully sent (pass) to the SFC server. 50; Then, check if the network 8 1327710 times out, if it times out, it will display failure (fail), if the network does not time out, it will display success (pass), at this point, the target BIOS 10 is burned. Please refer to the fourth figure together, which is the process diagram of the erased subroutine in the main program flow. The main program target BIOS 10 blank check is unsuccessful and needs to enter the erase step to erase the target BIOS 10. When the erase starts, the MCU sends the instruction 80h to the target BIOS 10, then sends the instruction 10h, and then reads the status register on the MCU. If the status bit B7 is non-zero, the erase program is being executed and the erase is not completed. , read the status register again until B7 is equal to zero, at which point the erase is complete. Then read the status bit B3, B3 is non-zero, indicating that Vpp (burning voltage) is abnormal, the erasure fails; if B3 is equal to zero, then read status bits B4, B5, if B4 and B5 are not zero, then the target BIOS 10 After receiving the error command, the erase fails. If B4 and B5 are equal to zero, it checks whether B5 is zero. If B5 is not zero, it indicates that the erase program has an error and the erase fails. If B5 is equal to zero, the target BIOS 10 erases successfully. . Please continue to refer to the fifth diagram, which is the flow chart of the burning subprogram in the main program flow. After the main program target BIOS 10 blank check succeeds, enter the burning step, the programming starts, the MCU sends the instruction 30h, then sends the address 1 and the data 1, sends the address 2 and the data 2, sends the address 3 and the data 3, and sends Address 4 and data 4, after the data is written, read the status register. If the status bit B7 of the status register is non-zero, the shell|J indicates that the programming is being executed, the programming has not been completed, and the status register is re-read until B7 is equal to zero, at which point the burn is complete. Then read the status bit B3, B3 is non-zero, indicating that Vpp is abnormal, the programming fails; if B3 is equal to zero, then the status bit B4 is read. If B4 is non-zero, it indicates that the programming program has an error, the programming fails, if B4 is equal to zero Then, it is checked whether the target BIOS 10 has been completely burned. If not all of the programming is completed, the MCU resends the command for 30h, and the burning step is re-executed until the burning is completed. The target BIOS 10 is successfully burned. The BIOS online burning method can be applied to the same type of Flash R0M (F1 ash Read-only Memory). 9 1327710 In summary, the present invention complies with the requirements of the invention patent and submits a patent application according to law. However, the above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and equivalent modifications or variations made by those skilled in the art of the present invention should be included in the following claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The first figure is a system composition diagram of the BIOS online burning method of the present invention. The second figure is a main control flow chart of the BIOS online burning method of the present invention. The third figure is a main program flow chart of the BIOS online burning method of the present invention. The fourth figure is a flow chart of the erasing subroutine of the BIOS online burning method of the present invention. The fifth figure is a flow chart of the burning subprogram of the BIOS online burning method of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] Target BIOS 10 to be burned board 15 MCU main control flash card 30 PC host 40 SFC server 50