1325072 16143twf.doc/r 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 1 树明是㈣於—種齡器，且制是有關於-種液 *' €顯示11，其第—框架與第二框架在受衝擊的情況下較不 - 易分離。 权个 二 【先前技術】 近年來’具有高畫質、空間利用效率佳、低消耗功率、 無輕射等優越特性之薄膜電晶體液晶顯示器（恤心 • Transistor Liquid Wstal Display，TFT_LCD )已逐漸成為市 場上顯示器之主流。薄膜電晶體液晶顯示器（TFT丄CD)主 要由一液晶顯示面板（li£iuid crystal display panel)及一背 光模組（back light module)所構成。此外，液晶顯示面板 與背光模組通常藉由框架來組立在一起。 圖1緣示為習知液晶顯示器之剖面示意圖。請參考圖 1，習知液晶顯示器100包括了一背光模組11()、—液晶面 板120以及一第二框架130。其中，背光模組11()具有一 鲁第一框架112。液晶面板120配置於背光模組11〇上方， 而第二框架130與第一框架112相組裝’以夾持液晶面板 120。此外，背光模組11〇還包括了一導光板114、一反射 罩116、一光源118和一膠框119。其中，導光板U4配置 於第一框架112内，而反射罩116配置於導光板114之側 邊處。光源118配置於反射罩116内，而膠框119配置於 第一框架112與液晶面板120之間，且其中的光源118可 以是冷陰極螢光燈管（Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp， 1325072 16143twf.doc/r CCFL)或發光一極體陣列（Light Emitting Diode Array )。 更詳細而言’光源lls所發出的光線經由反射罩之反 射後，再通過導光板114導引而入射至液晶面板〗2〇。 第一框架112和第二框架13〇上分別具有扣爪部112a 與扣爪部I30a。如圖1所示，液晶面板12〇和背光模組u〇 =組立的完成是利用將第一框架112上的扣爪部U2a扣入 第二，架130上之扣爪部13〇a而成。簡單說，傳統的組立 方式疋利用扣爪部112a與noa的扣合，而固定液晶面板 彳走光模組110。為了簡化圖示，以下僅緣示第一框架 112與第二框架130。 扣八圖2A繪示為圖1中習知液晶顯示器未受衝擊時框架 晶^的示意圖。圖2B和圖2C則分別繪示了圖1中習知液 ^^1受到衡擊時扣爪部分離以及框架分離的示意圖。 ^二考圖2A。如圖2A所示，第一框架112的扣爪部U2a 框架130的扣爪部13〇a為相互扣合。接著，當第一 朝112受到某一方向的衝擊力（如圖示2B所示之方向 -樞!!衡擊F)，由於此衝擊F會施力於第一框架112，第 112的扣爪部112&就會被向上拉扯，使得扣爪部 第、外翻而與第一框架112之扣爪部112a分離。因此， 〜樞架112和第二框架130互相分離，如圖2C所示。 扣爪，此可知，習知液晶顯示器100的結構強度是取決於 與13= ^以與13〇&之間的扣合強度。雖然增加扣爪部112a 力，a扣合面積能夠提高習知液晶顯示器抗衝擊的能 但是在窄邊框設計逐漸成為液晶顯示器的設計要求的 1325072 16143twf.doc/r1325072 16143twf.doc/r IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention belongs] 1 The tree is (4) in the age-of-age device, and the system is related to - seed liquid *' € display 11, its first frame and second The frame is less in the case of impact - easy to separate.权二二 [Prior Art] In recent years, a thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT_LCD) with superior image quality, good space utilization efficiency, low power consumption, and no light-lighting has gradually become The mainstream of displays on the market. A thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT丄CD) is mainly composed of a liquid crystal display panel and a back light module. In addition, the liquid crystal display panel and the backlight module are usually assembled by a frame. Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional liquid crystal display. Referring to FIG. 1, a conventional liquid crystal display 100 includes a backlight module 11(), a liquid crystal panel 120, and a second frame 130. The backlight module 11() has a first frame 112. The liquid crystal panel 120 is disposed above the backlight module 11A, and the second frame 130 is assembled with the first frame 112 to sandwich the liquid crystal panel 120. In addition, the backlight module 11A further includes a light guide plate 114, a reflector cover 116, a light source 118, and a plastic frame 119. The light guide plate U4 is disposed in the first frame 112, and the reflective cover 116 is disposed at a side of the light guide plate 114. The light source 118 is disposed in the reflector 116, and the plastic frame 119 is disposed between the first frame 112 and the liquid crystal panel 120, and the light source 118 therein may be a cold cathode fluorescent lamp (Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp, 1325072 16143 twf.doc/ r CCFL) or Light Emitting Diode Array. More specifically, the light emitted by the light source 11s is reflected by the reflector, and then guided by the light guide plate 114 to be incident on the liquid crystal panel. The first frame 112 and the second frame 13 have a claw portion 112a and a claw portion I30a, respectively. As shown in FIG. 1 , the completion of the assembly of the liquid crystal panel 12 and the backlight module u 〇 is performed by snapping the claw portion U2a on the first frame 112 into the second claw portion 13 〇 a on the frame 130 . . In short, the conventional assembly method uses the fastening of the claw portion 112a and the noa to fix the liquid crystal panel to the light-emitting module 110. In order to simplify the illustration, only the first frame 112 and the second frame 130 are shown below. Figure 8A is a schematic view of the frame crystal of the conventional liquid crystal display of Figure 1 when it is not impacted. 2B and 2C are schematic views respectively showing the separation of the claw portion and the separation of the frame when the conventional liquid in Fig. 1 is subjected to the weighing. ^Two test Figure 2A. As shown in Fig. 2A, the claw portions 13a of the frame portion 130 of the first frame 112 are engaged with each other. Then, when the first facing 112 is subjected to an impact force in a certain direction (such as the direction shown in FIG. 2B - pivot!! weighing F), since the impact F will exert a force on the first frame 112, the claw of the 112th The portion 112& is pulled upward so that the pawl portion is turned upside down and separated from the pawl portion 112a of the first frame 112. Therefore, the ~bump 112 and the second frame 130 are separated from each other as shown in FIG. 2C. It is known that the structural strength of the conventional liquid crystal display 100 depends on the fastening strength between 13 = ^ and 13 〇 & Although the force of the claw portion 112a is increased, the a fastening area can improve the impact resistance of the conventional liquid crystal display, but the narrow frame design gradually becomes the design requirement of the liquid crystal display. 1325072 16143twf.doc/r
情況下’扣爪部仙與13〇a的尺寸變 【發明内容】 P 有鑑於此，本發明的目的就是在提供—種 器’其第-框架與第二框架在受衝擊的情況下較In this case, the size of the claw portion and the size of the 13 〇a are changed. [In view of the above] P. In view of the above, the object of the present invention is to provide a first-frame and a second frame in the case of impact.
基於上述目的或其他目的，本發明提出一種液離。 器。此液晶顯示器包括了-背光模組、—液晶面板=:貝= -框架。背光模組具有-第-框架。此第—框架包括 —本體、多個第一扣爪部與多個擋部，坌中這些弟 擋部位於第一本體側壁上。液晶面板；配：： 光模組上方。第二框㈣於與第—框架她裝，以央持= 晶面板。此第二框架包括-第二本體與多個第二扣夜 且這些第二扣爪部位於第二本體側壁上。其中，這些 i爪應i這些第二扣爪部扣合’以限制第體與 ί 一向之相對位移’且這些擋部用以限制 弟一本體與弟二本體於一第二方向之相對位移。The present invention proposes a liquid separation based on the above object or other objects. Device. The liquid crystal display includes a backlight module, a liquid crystal panel =: shell = - frame. The backlight module has a --frame. The first frame includes a body, a plurality of first claw portions and a plurality of blocking portions, wherein the middle portions are located on the first body side wall. LCD panel; with:: above the light module. The second box (four) is in the same frame as the first frame, to hold the = crystal panel. The second frame includes a second body and a plurality of second buckles and the second claw portions are located on the second body sidewall. Wherein, the i-claws should be engaged with the second claw portions to limit the relative displacement of the first body and the first direction, and the blocking portions are used to limit the relative displacement of the body and the body of the second body in a second direction.
依照本發明實施例，第-方向與第二方向為垂直。 依照本發明實施例，上述之這些第一扣爪部盘這 二扣爪部可以分別貫穿第二本體與第—本體。 依:照本發明實施例，上述之這些擔部分別貫穿第二本 體，且這些擒部與這些第-本體分別位於第 兩側。 依照本發明實施例，背光模組可以再包括一導光板、 -反射罩…光源與-膠框4光板配置於第—框架内， 而反射罩配置於導光板之側邊處。辆'配置於反射罩内， 1325072 16143twf.doc/r 而膠框配置於第一框架與液晶面板之間。 依照本發明實施例’上述之光源可以是冷陰極螢光燈 管或發光二極體陣列。 基於上述目的或其他目的，本發明再提出一種液晶顯 示器。此液晶顯示器包括了一背光模組、一液晶面板與一 第二框架。背光模組具有一第一框架。第一框架包括一第 一本體與多個第一扣爪部，且這些第一扣爪部位於第一本 體側壁上。液晶面板係配置於背光模組上方。此外，第二 框架適於與第-框架相組裝，以夾持液晶面板。第二框架 包括一第二本體與位於第二本體側壁上的多個第二扣爪 部，其中的這些第二扣爪部具有多個開口，且對應之部分 這些第-扣爪部嵌入這些開口内。其中，這些第一扣爪部 與對應之這些第二扣爪部扣合，以限制第一本體鱼第二本 體於-第-方向之相對位移，且這些 體與第二本體於—第二方向之相對位移。 制弟本 依，本發明實施例，第一方向與第二方向為垂直。 依妝本發明實施例，上述 二扣爪啊以分別貫穿第二本體二二2部舆這些第 依^本發明實關，f光可以再紐 —反射罩、-光源與i框。導光板配置==反、 而反射罩配置於導光板之靖處。光源配脉/木内， 而膠框配置於第-框架與液晶面板之間_。反射罩内， 依照本發明實施例，上述之先 管或發光二極體陣列。 先原了以疋冷陰極螢光燈 1325072 16143twf.doc/r 綜上所述’本發明之液晶顯示器的組立藉著扣爪部斑 擋部的扣合，而提高框架間扣合的強度，並進而提高液晶 顯示器之組立的結構強度。 -為讓本發明之上述和其他目的、特徵和伽能更明顯According to an embodiment of the invention, the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. According to the embodiment of the present invention, the two claw portions of the first claw portions can penetrate the second body and the first body respectively. According to the embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned shoulder portions respectively penetrate the second body, and the jaw portions and the first body portions are respectively located on the two sides. According to an embodiment of the invention, the backlight module may further include a light guide plate, a reflector, a light source and a plastic frame, and the light shield is disposed in the first frame, and the reflector is disposed at a side of the light guide plate. The vehicle is disposed in the reflector, 1325072 16143twf.doc/r, and the plastic frame is disposed between the first frame and the liquid crystal panel. The light source described above may be a cold cathode fluorescent lamp or an array of light emitting diodes in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The present invention further proposes a liquid crystal display based on the above object or other objects. The liquid crystal display includes a backlight module, a liquid crystal panel and a second frame. The backlight module has a first frame. The first frame includes a first body and a plurality of first claw portions, and the first claw portions are located on the first body sidewall. The liquid crystal panel is disposed above the backlight module. Further, the second frame is adapted to be assembled with the first frame to hold the liquid crystal panel. The second frame includes a second body and a plurality of second claw portions on the side wall of the second body, wherein the second claw portions have a plurality of openings, and corresponding portions of the first claw portions are embedded in the openings Inside. Wherein the first claw portions are engaged with the corresponding second claw portions to limit the relative displacement of the second body of the first body fish in the -first direction, and the bodies and the second body are in the second direction Relative displacement. According to an embodiment of the invention, the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. According to the embodiment of the present invention, the two claws are respectively penetrated through the second body, the second body, and the second body, and the f light can be replaced by a reflector, a light source and an i frame. The light guide plate configuration == reverse, and the reflector is disposed at the illuminating portion of the light guide plate. The light source is matched with the pulse/wood, and the plastic frame is disposed between the first frame and the liquid crystal panel. In the reflector, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention, the foregoing tube or array of light emitting diodes. The original cold cathode fluorescent lamp 1325072 16143twf.doc/r In summary, the assembly of the liquid crystal display of the present invention increases the strength of the fastening between the frames by the fastening of the claw portion. Further, the structural strength of the liquid crystal display is improved. - to make the above and other objects, features and gamma of the present invention more apparent
易懂，下文特舉較佳實施例’並配合所關式，作詳細說 明如下。 、° 【實施方式】 【第一實施例】 圖3 %示依據本發明第一實施例之液晶顯示器之立體 剖面示意圖。請參考圖3，液晶顯示器2〇〇包括一背光模 組210、一液晶面板220和一第二框架230。其中，背光模 組210具有一第一框架212，而液晶面板22〇配置於背光 模組210上方，且第二框架230與第一框架212相組裝以 夾持液晶面板220。此外，背光模組21〇還包括了 一導光 板214、一反射罩216、一光源218與一膠框219。其中， 導光板214配置於第一框架212内，而反射罩216配置於 導光板214之側邊處。光源218配置於反射罩216内，而 膠框219配置於第一框架212與液晶面板220之間，且其 中的光源218可以是冷陰極螢光燈管（Cold cathode Fluorescent Lamp，CCFL )或發光二極體陣列（LightIt will be understood that the preferred embodiment hereinafter will be described in detail below with reference to the preferred embodiment. [First Embodiment] Fig. 3 is a perspective sectional view showing a liquid crystal display according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 3, the liquid crystal display 2 includes a backlight module 210, a liquid crystal panel 220, and a second frame 230. The backlight module 210 has a first frame 212, and the liquid crystal panel 22 is disposed above the backlight module 210, and the second frame 230 is assembled with the first frame 212 to sandwich the liquid crystal panel 220. In addition, the backlight module 21A further includes a light guide plate 214, a reflective cover 216, a light source 218 and a plastic frame 219. The light guide plate 214 is disposed in the first frame 212, and the reflective cover 216 is disposed at the side of the light guide plate 214. The light source 218 is disposed between the first frame 212 and the liquid crystal panel 220, and the light source 218 may be a cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL) or a light emitting diode. Polar body array (Light
Emitting Diode Array )。更詳細而言，光源218所發出的 光線經由反射罩216之反射後，再通過導光板214導引而 入射至液晶面板220。請繼續參考圖3，第一框架212包括 一第一本體212a、多個第一扣爪部212b與多個擋部212c， 1325072 16143twf.doc/r 且ϋ些第一扣爪部212b與這些擋部212c皆位於第一本體 ^彳j 土上。第一框架230包括一第二本體230a與位於 第二本體23〇a側壁上之多個第二扣爪部2·。再者，如 ，43二示，第一扣爪部212b與對應之第二扣爪部23%相 °以限制第一本體212a與第二本體230a在第一方 二1上，，移，而這些擋部2l2c則用以限制第一本 此外，3第、t二本體2地於第二方向D2上的相對位移。 此外弟—方向D】與第二方向D2為互相垂直。 爪部分別繪 3中轉相衝擊時第一扣 圖4A可以田^、截面不意圖。請繼續參考圖4A與犯。從 爪部23%相互扣f著4A = 1：：扣爪部⑽與第二扣 本體212a。當相^龄刀別貝穿弟二本體纖與第- 衝擊時，由二第、、' 、一框架212與第二框架230受到 Μ闰/ 扣爪部212b與第二扣爪邱』人 ==)第=抗衝擊並 二接著，如圖如圖-右侧 =二框架230的第二本體232 :，的#部2以 的第一框架212與第二框加 y D。因此，當相組立 的撞部212c能夠限制第一:又到衝擊時，第-框架212 方向D2的相對移動 ^ 12與第二框架230於第二 知技術，在承受衝H圖4B右側所示。因此，相較於習 一框架阳與第2===據本發明之組立後的第 【第二實施例】 具有難結構強度。 丄325072Emitting Diode Array ). More specifically, the light emitted from the light source 218 is reflected by the reflector 216, and then guided by the light guide plate 214 to be incident on the liquid crystal panel 220. Referring to FIG. 3, the first frame 212 includes a first body 212a, a plurality of first claw portions 212b and a plurality of blocking portions 212c, 1325072 16143twf.doc/r and the first claw portions 212b and the blocks. The portions 212c are all located on the first body. The first frame 230 includes a second body 230a and a plurality of second claw portions 2· on the side walls of the second body 23〇a. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 43, the first claw portion 212b is opposite to the corresponding second claw portion 23% to restrict the first body 212a and the second body 230a from being on the first side, and moved. These blocking portions 22c are used to limit the relative displacement of the first and third bodies 2 in the second direction D2. In addition, the brother-direction D] and the second direction D2 are perpendicular to each other. The claws are respectively painted. The first buckle in the middle phase impact is shown in Fig. 4A. Please continue to refer to Figure 4A and commit. From the claws 23%, 4A = 1:: the claw portion (10) and the second buckle body 212a are buckled. When the phase of the knife is worn by the body and the first impact, the second, the ', the frame 212 and the second frame 230 are subjected to the Μ闰/claw portion 212b and the second claw Qiu =) The first = impact resistance and then, as shown in the figure - right side = the second body 232 of the second frame 230: the #2 of the first frame 212 and the second frame plus y D. Therefore, when the phased collision portion 212c can limit the first: to the impact, the relative movement of the first frame 212 direction D2 and the second frame 230 are in the second known technique, as shown in the right side of the bearing H. . Therefore, compared with the conventional frame and the second === the second embodiment according to the present invention, the second embodiment has a difficult structural strength.丄325072
16143twf.doc/r 圖5A繪示依據本發明第二實施例之液晶顯示器的立 體剖面示意圖’而圖5B繪示圖5A之檔部的剖面立體圖。 請同時參考圖5A與圖5B，本實施例之液晶顯示器300與 第一實施例之液晶顯示器200相似，其不同之處在於：在 本實施例中，所使用的擋部312c貫穿至第二本體230a中， 且擔部312c與第一本體212a是分別位於第二本體230a側 壁之兩侧。 再請參考圖5C，其繪示為第二實施例之擋部抵抗衝 擊的截面示意圖，相較於圖3的擋部212c，本實施例之擋 部312C更延伸而貫穿到第二框架230的第一本體230a内 側。更詳細而言，擋部312c和第一本體212a分別位於第 二本體230a側壁的兩側，且擋部312c部份地貫穿第二本 組230a此種型態之撞部3i2c不僅能夠抵抗朝上之第一 方向D1的衝擊外，更能抵抗第二方向D2的衝擊。 【弟二貫施例】 圖6A綠示依據本發明第三實施例之液晶顯示器的框 木組立的部份立體示意圖，而圖6B繪示圖6A之第一扣爪 部的剖面立體圖。請同時參考圖6A與圖6B，本實施例之 液晶顯示器亦與第—實施例之液晶顯示器相似，並不 在本實施例中，第—框架212之第一扣^部 田:：開口 312d(即圖6B左側下方之挖空處)， ㈣二扣爪部23%中的—部分嵌入到此開 轉—提的是，本實關之第—扣爪部咖 、牙弟一本體230a内側(相似於第二實施例中的 1325072 16143twf.doc/r 雖t本發明已以較佳實施例揭露如上，然其並 :艮：月丄任何熟習此技藝者，在不脫離本發明之精神 ^圍内’虽可作些許之更動與潤飾，因此本發明之保護 範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為 ’、 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1緣示為習知液晶顯示器之剖面示意圖。 扣合=:?為圖!中習知液晶顯示器未受衝擊時框架 部分==為圖…知液晶顯示器受到衝擊時扣爪 分離為圖1中習知液晶顯示器受到衝擊時框架 剖面:觸本發明第-實施例之液晶顯示器的立體 圖4八與圖4Β分別繪示圖3中樞牟 爪部以及料賴w意圖。到鱗時第-扣 ❿ 體剖面圖；T依據本發明第二實施例之液晶顯示器的立 =5B繪示圖5A之檔部的剖面立體圖。 圖 Θ 示為第二實關之擋部抵抗鱗的截面示意 架組立的部份立明弟一知例之液晶顯示器的框 圖6B纷示圖6八之第一扣爪部的剖面立體圖。 13 1325072 16143twf.doc/r 圖6C繪示為第三實施例之第一扣爪部抵抗衝擊的截 面示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 100 :習知液晶顯示器 110、210 :背光模組 112、212 :第一框架 112a、130a :扣爪部 114、214 :導光板 116、216 :反射罩 118、 218 ··光源 119、 219 :膠框 120、 220 :液晶面板 130、230 :第二框架 200、300 :液晶顯示器 、 212a :第一本體 212b、312b :第一扣爪部 212c、312c :擋部 230a :第二本體 230b :第二扣爪部 312d :開口 D1 :第一方向 D2 :第二方向 F :衝擊 1416143 twf.doc/r FIG. 5A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional perspective view of the gear portion of FIG. 5A. Referring to FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B simultaneously, the liquid crystal display 300 of the present embodiment is similar to the liquid crystal display 200 of the first embodiment, except that in the embodiment, the used portion 312c is penetrated to the second body. In the 230a, the shoulder portion 312c and the first body 212a are respectively located on two sides of the sidewall of the second body 230a. Please refer to FIG. 5C , which is a schematic cross-sectional view of the blocking portion of the second embodiment against impact. Compared with the blocking portion 212 c of FIG. 3 , the blocking portion 312C of the embodiment extends further to the second frame 230 . The inside of the first body 230a. In more detail, the blocking portion 312c and the first body 212a are respectively located at two sides of the side wall of the second body 230a, and the blocking portion 312c partially penetrates the second group 230a. The type of the collision portion 3i2c is not only resistant to the upward direction. In addition to the impact of the first direction D1, it is more resistant to the impact in the second direction D2. Fig. 6A is a partial perspective view showing a frame assembly of a liquid crystal display according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 6B is a cross-sectional perspective view showing the first claw portion of Fig. 6A. Referring to FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B simultaneously, the liquid crystal display of the present embodiment is similar to the liquid crystal display of the first embodiment. In the present embodiment, the first frame of the first frame 212 is: an opening 312d (ie, Figure 6B: The hollowed out part at the bottom left side), (4) The 23% of the two claws are partially inserted into this opening--the one that is the first part of the body---------------- In the second embodiment, 1325072 16143 twf.doc / r Although the present invention has been disclosed in the preferred embodiment as above, it is also possible that: 丄: 丄 丄 any person skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the present invention 'Although some modifications and refinements may be made, the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims. ', BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional liquid crystal display. Combination =:? is a picture! It is known that the liquid crystal display is not subjected to impact when the frame portion == is a picture... It is known that the liquid crystal display is subjected to impact when the claw is separated as shown in Fig. 1 when the liquid crystal display is subjected to impact. - A perspective view of a liquid crystal display of an embodiment 4Β respectively shows the pivoting claw portion of FIG. 3 and the intention of the material, and the cross-sectional view of the first buckle body when the scale is obtained; T is shown in the vertical direction of the liquid crystal display according to the second embodiment of the present invention. A cross-sectional perspective view. Figure Θ shows the section of the second real-off barrier against the scale. The section of the liquid crystal display of the Ming Dynasty is shown in block diagram 6B. 13 1325072 16143 twf.doc / r Figure 6C is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the first claw portion of the third embodiment against impact. [Main component symbol description] 100: conventional liquid crystal display 110, 210: backlight module 112 212: first frame 112a, 130a: claw portion 114, 214: light guide plate 116, 216: reflector cover 118, 218 · light source 119, 219: plastic frame 120, 220: liquid crystal panel 130, 230: second frame 200, 300: liquid crystal display, 212a: first body 212b, 312b: first claw portion 212c, 312c: stopper portion 230a: second body 230b: second claw portion 312d: opening D1: first direction D2: Two directions F: impact 14