1311129 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 特別係有關於一 本發明係有關於一種混凝土之養護 種混凝土之自養護方法。 【先前技術】1311129 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] In particular, the invention relates to a self-curing method for concrete for curing concrete. [Prior Art]
混凝土在自然氣候條件下凝結、硬化時，如果不扩取 任何養護措施，混凝土將會由於水分蒸發過快而早期：旦 失水，以致影響水泥水化反應的進行，造成混凝土表面= 現脫皮、起砂或産生乾縮裂縫等現象，混凝土的強度和对 久性將隨之降低。因此，防止混凝土早期失水和乾縮裂縫 的産生’在混凝土濟置後應及時進行養護。習知混凝土在 洗置後需經適當之外部養護作業，以在混凝土表面上濃水 或，、以塑膠布或麻布覆蓋方式，保持足夠的水分，即所謂 的「濕治」（moist curing)方法，以使其内含水泥完全水化， 達到足夠的抗壓強度。然而，濕治法需要人員週期性的洗 水、噴壤或喷料經常性的養護，且濕潤及乾燥反覆作 用’會造成結構體内部產生裂縫而使結構物失去整體性。 ▲此外，目别對於一般混凝土的已知養護方法另包含有 護膜養護法與不透水物覆蓋養護；而護媒養護是在新淹置 、’昆凝土表面喷塗-層液態薄膜養護劑(又稱薄膜養生液) 後’養護劑可在混凝土表面能很快形成—層不透水的密封 膜層’阻止混凝土中的水分蒸發，使混凝土中的水泥獲得 刀水化條件的-種養護方法，由於該護膜養護的薄膜通 常係為料或乳膠，其係會減低表面摩㈣數且效果不 1311129 佳，易於在混凝土表面低凹處聚積；不透水物覆蓋養護僅 適用於形狀簡單的大面積結構物。雖然國内外規範均有對 適當養遵的規定，但相關研究顯示，在實際施工上， 即使疋最基本的養護要求，有時也會被忽略而難以達到， 更甚至完全沒有加以養護。 中華民國專利公告編號第546436號「利用橡化瀝青 防水膜的預鋪自黏式防水方法」揭示一種混凝土之不透水 物養護方法，其係在鋪底混凝土上先鋪設一保護層，再鋪 〇X橡化瀝青防水膜，並在臨接該橡化瀝青防水膜處設置 鋼筋與架設模板之後，再澆注混凝土，以形成完全封閉之 包覆式防水結構，如此，可以防止水分往下散逸。此種方 法僅適當在柱狀建物，在大表面積之混凝土之外露表面上 仍會有水分蒸發之問題’其養護工作並不可省略。 【發明内容】 本發明之主要目的在於提供一種混凝土之自養護方 法，在混凝土澆置之後，利用毛刷或喷灑等表面塗覆方式 形成至少一保濕膜（humectant film)於混凝土之外表面，該 保濕膜係具有吸收大氣水氣並釋放予混凝土之功能，使得 混凝土在澆置後即不需任何外部的養護便可達到自養護 的效果，因此，在經過混凝土澆置、表面塗覆之簡單施工 後’不需額外提供混凝土水分，便能減少混凝土拆模後水 分的蒸發、提高水化程度、減少水分蒸發所造成的收縮、 增加抗壓強度。最理想的情況是達到混凝土澆置後即不需 任何外部的養護工作。 1311129 本發明之次一目的在於提供一種混凝土之自養護方 法:當第一次表®塗覆之第—保濕膜滲入混凝土之後，再 執仃第二次表面塗覆之步驟，以使一第二保濕膜形成於該 ?置後混凝土，由在混凝土表面之第二保濕膜吸收大氣水 礼並傳遞水分至該滲入之第一保濕膜，再由該第一保濕膜 釋放水分予混凝土之深層内#，以達到混凝土漸層保濕之 功效。 依本發明之混凝土之自養護方法，在混凝土洗置之 後，第一次表面塗覆一帛—保濕膜於混凝土上，該第一保 濕膜係具有吸收大氣水氣並釋放水分予混凝土之功能使 得混凝土在澆置後即不需任何外部的養護便可達到自養 護的效果1佳地，在該第_保濕膜渗人該混凝土之後， 另執行-第二次表面塗覆步驟，以使一第二保濕膜形成於 該洗置後混凝土’以達到水分能釋放至混凝土之深層内 部。 【實施方式】 請參閱所附圖式，本發明將列舉以下之實施例說明： 為使得混凝土的養護更便利、有效，本發明係利用至 少-具有保濕與吸水特性的高效能保濕膜（humee_【如） 表面塗覆在澆置後之混凝土，使混凝土能達到“自養護 (Self-Curing)”的目的。所謂「自養護混凝土」係指不需 人工額外提供混凝土水分，甚至能在澆置後完全不需任何 外部的養護，就能達到自我養護的目的。 如第1圖所示，本發明之混凝土之自養護方法之一具 7 1311129 體施作流程係包含有：「混凝土拌合」之步驟i、「混凝土 澆置」之步驟2、「第一次表面塗覆一第一保濕膜」之步驟 3、「第二次表面塗覆一第二保濕膜」之步驟4以及「觀察 是否達自養護效果」之步驟5。 首先，在步驟1中選用任意之混凝土配比，其係可包 含適當比例之粗粒料、細粒料、水泥（cement)、卜作嵐材 料（Pozzolans)、強塑劑與拌和水等等，加以拌合均勻。之 後，在步驟2中，將拌合後混凝土澆置於一模板内。當混 凝土經初凝後，可執行一第一次表面塗覆之步驟3，利用 柔軟毛鬃之均勻塗刷或是喷槍噴灑等方式，將一第一保濕 膜形成於该混凝土之表面，該第一保濕膜在步驟3之塗覆 過程係為液態，所形成之第一保濕膜係具有吸收大氣水 氣並釋放水分予混凝土之功能，其材質可為多元醇類諸 如.聚乙二醇（polyethylene glycol，PEG)、丙二醇（propylene glycol，PG)、二丙二醇（dipr〇pyiene giycol DPG)、丁二醇 (butylene glycol)、新戊二醇（ne0penj；iy giyc〇l，NPG)、 木糖醇（xylitol)、山梨醇（sorbitol)、甘油（glycerine )、植 物甾醇（phytosterols)等，或是其他保濕劑諸如：玻尿酸 (hyaluronic acid)、聚氧乙烧（p〇iyXyethylene，POE)、°比呂 烧酮羧酸鈉（sodium pyrrolidone carboxylate，PCA-Na)、硬 脂醇（stearyl alcohol)、鯨蠟醇（cetyl aic〇h〇l)等。該第一保 濕膜之使用劑量係應約在10〜500 g/m2。在一具體施作上， 該第一保濕膜之使用劑量係為150 g/m2。 為了增進保濕膜之供水特性，較佳地，待該第一保濕 8 1311129 膜滲入該混凝土之後，其約在第一次表面塗覆之步驟3後 的五至十分鐘，另執行一第二次表面塗覆之步驟4,以將 —第二保濕膜塗覆於該澆置後混凝土之表面。該第二保濕 臈之材質與該第一保濕膜之材質係可為相同或是不相 同，但該第二保濕膜仍應具有吸收大氣水氣並釋放水分予 混凝土之功能，藉此，以構成一能將水氣由表面逐漸滲入 混凝土深層内部之保濕機制。When concrete is condensed and hardened under natural climatic conditions, if no conservation measures are taken, the concrete will evaporate too quickly due to moisture evaporation. In the early stage, the water will be dehydrated, which will affect the progress of cement hydration reaction, resulting in concrete surface = peeling, The phenomenon of sanding or shrinkage cracking will reduce the strength and durability of the concrete. Therefore, the prevention of early water loss and shrinkage cracking of concrete should be timely maintained after the concrete is placed. Conventional concrete is subjected to appropriate external maintenance work after washing to maintain sufficient water on the surface of the concrete or to cover the surface of the concrete, or so-called "moist curing" method. In order to fully hydrate the cement contained therein, to achieve sufficient compressive strength. However, the wet treatment requires periodic washing, spraying or spraying of the personnel, and the wet and dry repeated action will cause cracks in the structure and cause the structure to lose its integrity. ▲ In addition, the known curing methods for general concrete include the protective film curing method and the impervious material covering and curing; and the maintenance of the medium is in the newly submerged, 'kun concrete surface spraying-layer liquid film curing agent (also known as film health liquid) After the 'curing agent can be formed quickly on the concrete surface - the layer of impervious sealing film layer 'to prevent the evaporation of water in the concrete, so that the cement in the concrete to obtain the knife hydration conditions - a conservation method Because the film cured by the film is usually made of material or latex, it will reduce the surface friction (four) and the effect is not good, it is easy to accumulate in the low concave of the concrete surface; the impervious cover curing is only suitable for the simple shape. Area structure. Although domestic and foreign norms have provisions for proper maintenance, related research shows that even in the actual construction, even the most basic maintenance requirements are sometimes ignored and difficult to achieve, or even completely unprotected. The Republic of China Patent No. 546436 "Pre-packaged self-adhesive waterproofing method using rubberized asphalt waterproofing membrane" discloses a concrete impervious material curing method, which is first laid on a concrete layer and then laid on a protective layer. The rubberized asphalt waterproofing membrane is provided with reinforcing steel and erecting formwork adjacent to the rubberized asphalt waterproofing membrane, and then concrete is poured to form a completely closed covered waterproof structure, thereby preventing moisture from escaping downward. This method is only suitable for column structures, and there is still a problem of evaporation of water on the exposed surface of concrete with large surface area. The maintenance work cannot be omitted. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The main object of the present invention is to provide a self-curing method for concrete. After the concrete is poured, at least one humectant film is formed on the outer surface of the concrete by surface coating such as brush or spray. The moisturizing film has the function of absorbing atmospheric moisture and releasing it to the concrete, so that the concrete can achieve self-maintenance effect without any external curing after being poured, and therefore, it is simple to be poured through concrete and coated on the surface. After construction, 'no need to provide additional concrete moisture, it can reduce the evaporation of water after demoulding, improve the degree of hydration, reduce the shrinkage caused by evaporation of water, and increase the compressive strength. Ideally, no external maintenance work is required after the concrete is placed. 1311129 The second object of the present invention is to provide a self-reinforcing method for concrete: after the first surface coating of the first moisturizing film penetrates into the concrete, the second surface coating step is performed to make a second The moisturizing film is formed on the concrete after the foundation, and the second moisturizing film on the concrete surface absorbs the atmospheric water and transfers moisture to the infiltrated first moisturizing film, and then the first moisturizing film releases moisture to the deep layer of the concrete# In order to achieve the effect of concrete gradual moisturizing. According to the self-maintenance method of the concrete of the present invention, after the concrete is washed, the first surface is coated with a hydrating film on the concrete, and the first humectant film has the function of absorbing atmospheric moisture and releasing moisture to the concrete. After the concrete is poured, no external curing is required to achieve the self-maintenance effect. After the first hydrating film infiltrates the concrete, a second surface coating step is performed to make a A second moisturizing film is formed on the concrete after the washing to achieve moisture release into the deep interior of the concrete. [Embodiment] Referring to the drawings, the present invention will exemplify the following examples: In order to make the maintenance of concrete more convenient and effective, the present invention utilizes at least a high-performance moisturizing film having moisturizing and water absorbing properties (humee_[ For example, the surface is coated with concrete after pouring to enable the concrete to achieve the purpose of "Self-Curing". The so-called "self-supporting concrete" means that it does not need to provide additional concrete moisture, and even can achieve self-maintenance without any external maintenance after pouring. As shown in Fig. 1, one of the self-maintenance methods of the concrete of the present invention has a process of "the concrete mixing" step i, "concrete pouring" step 2, "the first time" Step 3 of applying a first moisturizing film on the surface, step 4 of "coating a second moisturizing film on the second surface", and step 5 of "observing whether the self-maintenance effect is achieved". First, in step 1, any concrete ratio can be selected, which can include appropriate proportion of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, cement, Pozzolans, strong plasticizer and mixing water, etc. Evenly. Thereafter, in step 2, the concrete after mixing is poured into a template. After the concrete is initially set, a first surface coating step 3 may be performed, and a first moisturizing film is formed on the surface of the concrete by means of uniform coating of soft bristles or spray gun. The first moisturizing film is in a liquid state in the coating process in step 3. The first moisturizing film formed has the function of absorbing atmospheric moisture and releasing moisture to the concrete, and the material thereof may be a polyhydric alcohol such as polyethylene glycol ( Polyethylene glycol, PEG), propylene glycol (PG), dipropylene glycol (dipr〇pyiene giycol DPG), butylene glycol (butylene glycol), neopentyl glycol (ne0penj; iy giyc〇l, NPG), xylitol (xylitol), sorbitol, glycerine, phytosterols, etc., or other humectants such as hyaluronic acid, p〇iyXyethylene (POE), °bi Lu Sodium pyrrolidone carboxylate (PCA-Na), stearyl alcohol, cetyl aic〇h〇l, and the like. The first moisture-proof film should be used at a dose of about 10 to 500 g/m2. In a specific application, the first moisturizing film is used at a dose of 150 g/m2. In order to improve the water supply characteristics of the moisturizing film, preferably, after the first moisturizing film 8 1311129 is infiltrated into the concrete, it is about five to ten minutes after the first surface coating step 3, and a second time is performed. Step 4 of surface coating to apply a second moisturizing film to the surface of the poured concrete. The material of the second moisturizing bowl may be the same or different from the material of the first moisturizing film, but the second moisturizing film should still have the function of absorbing atmospheric moisture and releasing moisture to the concrete, thereby forming A moisturizing mechanism that gradually infiltrates moisture from the surface into the deep inner layer of concrete.
因此，本發明以聚乙二醇為例，該高分子材料組成之 保濕膜具有吸收空氣中水氣的特性，在混凝土表面塗覆後 對混凝土進行自養護之效果，並可以施用於各式混凝土， 例如傳統混凝土（Ordinary Performance Concrete，OPC)、 自充填混凝土（Self-Compacting Concrete，SCC)、高性能混 凝土、優生混凝土、輕質混凝土或是重質混凝土等等。在 試驗中在RH85%的大氣溼度環境中使用於水灰比〇 6的 傳統混凝土（OPC)經過本發明之混凝土自養護方法之後， 具有自養護效果之OPC混凝土試體之水分重量損失較完 全未養護的試體減少了 32%的水分損失，自#護後試體強 度較完全未養護試體增長了 15%。再將本發明之混凝土自 養護方法應用於水膠比0.37(其水灰比為〇6)的自充填混 凝土（SCC)，再經過至少一次保濕膜之表面塗覆後，具有 自養護效果之SCC混凝土試體之水分重量損失較完全未 養護的試體減少了鄕的水分損失，自養護後試體強度較 完全未養護的試體增長了 30%。因此，混凝土在洗置後可 本發明係具有施工簡單並 以不需要任何外部的養護工作 9 1311129 ' 使混凝土達到良好養護狀況之目的，適用於各式混凝土。 • 此外’配合下列的試驗結果，可確定本發明之混凝土之自 養護方法係具有優於習知防水膜之自養護功效、增強混凝 土強度與減少體積收縮。 關於本發明減少混凝土拆模後水分的蒸發達到自養 護功效’以下列實驗與數據說明如下： 在下列表中，RH表大氣濕度，習知防水膜係為目前 市面上混凝土液膜養護劑，本發明之保濕膜係在第一實施 鲁例中係選用聚乙二醇（polyethylene glycol, PEG)，在第二 . 實施例中係選用丙二醇（prGpylene glyeGl)，在上述之操作 流程中係具體施用於傳統混凝土（OPC)與自充填混凝土 .(SC2C)。保濕膜之使用劑量分別為（50g/m2、100g/m2、15() 〆)，以少量、一般與多量簡單表示之。在養護傳統混凝 土，且大氣濕度在67.5%時， 失（纽=67.5%) W/C=0.6 —水分重量損失單竹： σ 1天 2天 4天 & 7天 至置貝夭比 ---- 無養護OPC 0 78.2 98.8 — 114.3 ----- 第一實施例-少量 1 0 65.5 94.6 106 — 0 Q97 第一實施例-一般 0 47.3 80.3 100.1 ------ 第一實施例-多量 0 30.2 63.5 84.5 u · 〇 / 〇 ------- 0 73Q 第二實施例-少量 0 69.1 65.4 112.6 〇 QQC 第二實施例-一般 __0 52.8 90 109.8 0.960 第二實施例-多量 0 50.9 87.4 105.7 .......... ---二---1 10 1311129 另，在養護傳統混凝土，且當大氣濕度在85%時， 重量損失（RH = 85%) W/C=0.6 量損失單位：g Μ損失比Therefore, in the present invention, polyethylene glycol is exemplified, and the humectant film composed of the polymer material has the characteristics of absorbing moisture in the air, self-curing the concrete after coating on the concrete surface, and can be applied to various concretes. For example, Ordinary Performance Concrete (OPC), Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC), high performance concrete, eugenic concrete, lightweight concrete or heavy concrete. In the test, in the RH85% atmospheric humidity environment, the traditional concrete (OPC) used in the water-cement ratio 〇6 was subjected to the self-reinforcing method of the concrete of the present invention, and the water weight loss of the OPC concrete sample having the self-reinforcing effect was completely absent. The maintenance of the test reduced the moisture loss by 32%, and the strength of the test body after ## was increased by 15% compared with the completely untreated test. The concrete self-maintenance method of the present invention is applied to self-filling concrete (SCC) having a water-to-binder ratio of 0.37 (the water-cement ratio is 〇6), and after having been coated with at least one surface of the humectant film, the self-cultivating effect is SCC. The moisture weight loss of the concrete test body reduced the water loss of the concrete compared with the completely untreated test body, and the test body strength after self-maintenance increased by 30% compared with the completely untreated test body. Therefore, the concrete can be constructed after being washed, and the construction is simple and does not require any external maintenance work. 9 1311129 'The concrete is used for good maintenance conditions and is suitable for various concretes. • In addition, with the following test results, it was confirmed that the self-maintenance method of the concrete of the present invention has superior self-maintenance effect, enhanced concrete strength and reduced volume shrinkage than conventional waterproof membranes. The invention reduces the evaporation of moisture after demoulding the concrete to achieve self-maintenance effect. The following experiments and data are described as follows: In the following list, the atmospheric humidity of the RH meter, the conventional waterproof membrane is the current concrete liquid film curing agent on the market, the present invention The humectant film is made of polyethylene glycol (PEG) in the first embodiment, and propylene glycol (prGpylene glye Gl) is used in the second embodiment, and is specifically applied to the above in the above operation process. Concrete (OPC) and self-filling concrete. (SC2C). The dosage of the humectant film is (50g/m2, 100g/m2, 15() 分别), which is simply expressed in small amounts, generally and in large amounts. In the maintenance of traditional concrete, and the atmospheric humidity is 67.5%, loss (New = 67.5%) W / C = 0.6 - moisture weight loss single bamboo: σ 1 day 2 days 4 days & 7 days to set Beibei ratio - -- No maintenance OPC 0 78.2 98.8 — 114.3 ----- First embodiment - Small amount 1 0 65.5 94.6 106 - 0 Q97 First embodiment - General 0 47.3 80.3 100.1 ------ First embodiment - A large amount of 0 30.2 63.5 84.5 u · 〇 / 〇------- 0 73Q Second embodiment - a small amount of 0 69.1 65.4 112.6 〇QQC Second embodiment - general __0 52.8 90 109.8 0.960 Second embodiment - multi-quantity 0 50.9 87.4 105.7 .......... ---two---1 10 1311129 In addition, when the traditional concrete is cured and the atmospheric humidity is 85%, the weight loss (RH = 85%) W/C =0.6 Quantity loss unit: g Μ loss ratio
無養護OPC 防水膜之塗敷 第一實施例-少量 苐一實施例—般 第一實施例-多量Coating of untreated OPC waterproofing membrane First embodiment - small amount First embodiment - General first embodiment - multi-volume
在養護自充填混凝土，且大氣濕度在67·5%時， on日 V π分篁f :損失（I (H = 67.5%) W/C=〇.6 ' W/B=0.37 水分重量損失單位： g "----- 番番i吕生lL· — 1天 2天 4天 7天 至里？貝天比 ----- 無養護see — 0 65.1 83.1 97.3 ------- 1 第一實施例-少量 0 58.6 74.9 88 0 QfU 多二~實施例-一般 0 50.2 67.2 79.1 〇 812 見一實施例-多量 0 35.5 52.5 69.1 〇 710 第，—實施例-少量 0 51.7 72.3 85 V/· / 1U 第二實施例-一般 —-- 0 42.5 63.6 77.2 υ·ο /〇 〇 793 第二實施例-多量 0 38.8 60.0 74.0 〇 761 “一— 在養護自充填混凝土，且大氣濕度在85%時， 11 1311129 至四養巧SCC 重量損失（RH = 85 ^C=〇.6 > W/B=0.37 水分重量損失單位：e —--- 1天 2天 4天 7天 無養護see — — 0 __63.2 79.6 86.0 ^防水膜之塗敷 0 57.9 — 41.6 75.6 80.9 第一實施例-少量 0 60 69.5 弟一實施例—般 0 30.1 49.0 57.7 第一實施例-多量 0 17.3 37.9 46.4 因此，利用本發明之混凝土之自^ 1護方法 重量損失比 0.940 0.807 0.671 0.539 --內叹々/¾ 1週用在 OPC混凝土與see混凝土，相較^ f知無養護與習知採 1 用塗敷防水膜之養護方法均較佳之低水分損失之功效可 以論證，本發明在混凝土表面塗覆之保濕膜係具有吸收大 氣水氣並釋放水分予混凝土之功能，為不同於習知防水膜 之處。 關於本發明增加抗壓強度之功效，以下列實驗與圖表 說明如下： 請參閱第2A至2C圖，以一傳統混凝土配比作為樣 品，進行不同條件之養護比較其抗壓強度。如第2A圖所 示，在大氣濕度50%時，第一實施例（採用聚乙二醇）依少 量、一般與多量（Al、A2、A3)之抗壓強度分別為231、254、 27lkgf2/cm2;第二實施例（採用丙二醇）依少量、一般與多 量（Bl、B2、B3)之抗壓強度分別為 230、237、247 kgf2/cm2 ; 而習知無養護方式（C〇)之抗壓強度為233 kgf2/cm2;習知 12 1311129 濕治養護方式（Cl)之抗壓強度為306 kgf2/cm2;故本發明 之自養護方式（Al、A2、A3、B1、B2、B3)之抗壓強度僅 稀強於無養護方式（c〇)之抗壓強度，但低於濕治養護方式 (C1)之抗壓強度。請參閱第2B與2C圖，當大氣濕度為 67.5%與85%時，本發明之自養護方式（A!、A2、A3、B1、 B2、B3)之抗壓強度已明顯強於無養護方式（c〇)之抗壓強 度’且接近或等於濕治養護方式（C1)之抗壓強度與習知塗 敷防水膜養護之混凝土（C2)，故可證明依據本發明之混凝 鲁土之自養護方法在大氣濕度高於67.5 %時，具有增加傳統 . 混凝土（OPC)之抗壓強度之功效。 ，請參閱第3A至3C圖，以一自充填混凝土配比作為樣 ' 品’進行不同條件之養護比較其抗壓強度。如第3A圖所 不，在大卷濕度50%時，第一實施例（採用聚乙二醇）依少 量、一般與多量（A1、A2、A3)之抗壓強度以及第二實施例 (採用丙二醇）依少量、一般與多量（B1、B2、B3)之抗壓強 φ 度稍強於習知無養護方式（C0)之抗壓強度，且低於習知濕 治養護方式（C1)之抗壓強度。請參閱第3B圖，當大氣濕 度為67.5%時，本發明之自養護方式（μ、A2、A3、B1、 B2、B3)之抗壓強度已明顯強於習知無養護方式（c〇)之抗 壓強度，且稍強或等於習知濕治養護方式（C1)之抗壓強 度。特別如第3C圖所示，當大氣濕度為85%時，自養護 方式（Al、A2、A3)之抗壓強度分別為302、319、319 g /cm，已明顯強於習知無養護方式（c〇)之抗壓強度（234 kgf /cm )、習知濕治養護方式（C1)之抗壓強度（278 13 1311129 kgf2/cm2)以及習知塗敷防水膜養護之混凝土（C2)之抗壓強 度（255 kgf2/cm2)，故可證明依據本發明之混凝土之自養護 方法在大氣濕度高於50%時，特別在85%時，具有增加自 充填混凝土（SCC)之抗壓強度之功效。 關於本發明能達到減少因水分蒸發所造成的收縮之 功效，以下列實驗與圖表說明如下： 請參閱第4圖，一傳統混凝土（〇pc)在澆置依習知無 • 養護方式（co)、習知濕治養護方式（C1)與第一實施例多量 聚乙二醇自養護方式（A3)作成收縮與天數之對照圖表，由 第4圖可知，本發明之第一實施例_多量聚乙二醇自養護方 式（A3)可使傳統混凝土之收縮量自始至終低於習知無養 護方式（C0)之收縮量，且在經過約10天之後，第—實施例 -多量聚乙二醇自養護方式（A3)能使傳統混凝土之收縮量 更低於習知濕治養護方式（C1)之收縮量，故具有減少傳統 混凝土因水分蒸發所造成的收縮之功效，更優於習知濕治 鲁 養護方式。 請參閱第5圖，一自充填混凝土（scc)在澆置依習知 無養護方式（C0)、習知濕治養護方式（C1)與第一實施例_ 多量聚乙二醇自養護方式（A3)作成收縮與天數之對照圖 表，由第5圖可知，本發明之第一實施例多量聚乙二醇自 養濩方式（A3)可使自充填混凝土之收縮量自始至終低於 習知無養護方式（C0)之收縮量，且在經過約20天之後，第 一實施例-多量聚乙二醇自養護方式（A3)能使自充填混凝 土之收縮量更低於習知濕治養護方式（C1)之收縮量故具 1311129 有減少自充填混凝土因水分蒸發所造成的收縮之功效更 優於習知濕治養護方式。 因此，本發明之混凝土之自養護方法能令混凝土在洗 置後即不需任何外部的養護便可達到自養護的效果。此 外，具有減少混凝土拆模後水分的蒸發、減少水分蒸發所 造成的收縮、增加抗壓強度等功效。 本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定 :為準’任何熟知此項技藝者，在不脫離本發明之精神和 範圍内所作之任何變化與修改，均屬於本發明之保護範 圍。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖依本發明之自養護混凝土之施作流程圖。 第2A至2C圖：傳統混凝土（〇pc)在不同大氣濕度下依據 各式養護方法之強度對照圖表。 第3A至3C圖：自充填混凝土(scc)在不同大氣濕度下依 據各式養護方法之強度對照圖表。 第4冑：傳統混凝土（0PC)在不同養護條件下收縮 量與天數之對照圖表。 第 5 圖·自充填混凝土（SCC)在不同養護條件下收 縮量與天數之對照圖表。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 混凝土拌合 2 混凝土澆置 3第一次表面塗覆一第一保濕膜 15 1311129 4 第二次表面塗覆一第二保濕膜 5 觀察是否達自養護效果 A1使用少量保濕膜之第一實施例混凝土 A2使用一般保濕膜之第一實施例混凝土 A3使用多量保濕膜之第一實施例混凝土 B1使用少量保濕膜之第二實施例混凝土 B2使用一般保濕膜之第二實施例混凝土 B3使用多量保濕膜之第二實施例混凝土 C0習知無養護之混凝土 C1習知濕治養護之混凝土 C2習知塗敷防水膜養護之混凝土In the self-filling concrete, and the atmospheric humidity is 67.5%, on day V π 篁f: loss (I (H = 67.5%) W/C=〇.6 ' W/B=0.37 moisture weight loss unit : g "----- Fanfan i Lusheng lL· — 1 day 2 days 4 days 7 days to the inside? Betian than ----- no maintenance see — 0 65.1 83.1 97.3 ------ - 1 First embodiment - small amount 0 58.6 74.9 88 0 QfU more than two ~ embodiment - general 0 50.2 67.2 79.1 〇 812 See an example - multi-quantity 0 35.5 52.5 69.1 〇 710, - Example - a small amount of 0 51.7 72.3 85 V/· / 1U Second embodiment - general - 0 - 42.5 63.6 77.2 υ · ο / 〇〇 793 Second embodiment - multi-quantity 0 38.8 60.0 74.0 〇 761 "One - in the self-filling concrete, and the atmospheric humidity is 85%, 11 1311129 to Siyangqiao SCC weight loss (RH = 85 ^ C = 〇.6 > W / B = 0.37 Water weight loss unit: e ----- 1 day 2 days 4 days 7 days without conservation See — — 0 __63.2 79.6 86.0 ^Waterproof film coating 0 57.9 — 41.6 75.6 80.9 First embodiment - small amount 0 60 69.5 First embodiment - general 0 30.1 49.0 57.7 First embodiment - multi-value 0 17.3 37.9 46.4Therefore, the weight loss ratio of the concrete according to the invention is 0.940 0.807 0.671 0.539 - sigh / 3⁄4 1 week is used in OPC concrete and see concrete, compared with ^f know no maintenance and conventional use 1 The curing method of applying the waterproofing membrane has better low moisture loss effect. It can be demonstrated that the moisturizing film coated on the concrete surface of the invention has the function of absorbing atmospheric moisture and releasing moisture to the concrete, and is different from the conventional waterproof membrane. Regarding the effect of the present invention for increasing the compressive strength, the following experiments and diagrams are illustrated as follows: Please refer to Figures 2A to 2C for a conventional concrete ratio as a sample, and the compressive strength of the different conditions is compared. 2A, in the atmospheric humidity of 50%, the first embodiment (using polyethylene glycol) according to a small amount, generally and a large amount (Al, A2, A3) compressive strength of 231, 254, 27lkgf2 / cm2; The compressive strength of the second embodiment (using propylene glycol) in a small amount, generally and in large amounts (Bl, B2, B3) is 230, 237, 247 kgf2/cm2, respectively; and the compressive strength of the conventional unprotected method (C〇) 233 kgf2/cm2;知知12 1311129 The wet compressive strength (Cl) has a compressive strength of 306 kgf2/cm2; therefore, the compressive strength of the self-supporting method (Al, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3) of the present invention is only slightly stronger than that of no The compressive strength of the curing method (c〇) is lower than the compressive strength of the wet curing method (C1). Please refer to Figures 2B and 2C. When the atmospheric humidity is 67.5% and 85%, the compressive strength of the self-supporting method (A!, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3) of the present invention is significantly stronger than that of the no-protection method. (c〇) the compressive strength 'and is close to or equal to the compressive strength of the wet curing method (C1) and the conventional coated waterproof film curing concrete (C2), so it can be proved that the concrete is cured according to the present invention. The self-maintenance method has the effect of increasing the compressive strength of conventional concrete (OPC) when the atmospheric humidity is higher than 67.5 %. Please refer to Figures 3A to 3C for a comparison of the compressive strength of a self-filling concrete ratio as a sample. As shown in Fig. 3A, in the case of a large roll humidity of 50%, the first embodiment (using polyethylene glycol) is based on a small amount, generally and a large amount (A1, A2, A3) compressive strength and the second embodiment (using Propylene glycol) is slightly stronger than the conventional unprotected method (C0) according to the compressive strength of a small amount, generally and a large amount (B1, B2, B3), and is lower than the conventional wet curing method (C1). Compressive strength. Referring to FIG. 3B, when the atmospheric humidity is 67.5%, the compressive strength of the self-maintenance mode (μ, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3) of the present invention is significantly stronger than the conventional unprotected mode (c〇). The compressive strength is slightly stronger or equal to the compressive strength of the conventional wet curing method (C1). In particular, as shown in Figure 3C, when the atmospheric humidity is 85%, the compressive strengths of the self-supporting methods (Al, A2, A3) are 302, 319, and 319 g / cm, respectively, which are significantly stronger than the conventional no-protection method. (c〇) compressive strength (234 kgf / cm), conventional wet curing method (C1) compressive strength (278 13 1311129 kgf2 / cm2) and conventional coated waterproof film curing concrete (C2) Compressive strength (255 kgf2/cm2), it can be proved that the self-maintenance method of concrete according to the invention has the compressive strength of self-filling concrete (SCC) when the atmospheric humidity is higher than 50%, especially at 85%. efficacy. With regard to the present invention, the effect of reducing shrinkage caused by evaporation of water can be achieved. The following experiments and diagrams are illustrated as follows: Please refer to Fig. 4, a conventional concrete (〇pc) is placed in a conventional manner. • Maintenance method (co) The conventional wet treatment method (C1) and the multi-component polyethylene glycol self-maintenance method (A3) of the first embodiment are used as a comparison chart of shrinkage and the number of days. As can be seen from Fig. 4, the first embodiment of the present invention The self-reinforcing mode of ethylene glycol (A3) can make the shrinkage of traditional concrete less than the shrinkage of the conventional unconserved mode (C0), and after about 10 days, the first embodiment - a large amount of polyethylene glycol The curing method (A3) can make the shrinkage of traditional concrete lower than the shrinkage of the conventional wet curing method (C1), so it has the effect of reducing the shrinkage caused by the evaporation of traditional concrete, and is better than the conventional wet treatment. Lu conservation method. Please refer to Figure 5, a self-filling concrete (scc) in the pouring according to the conventional no-protection method (C0), the conventional wet curing method (C1) and the first embodiment _ multi-polyethylene glycol self-maintenance method ( A3) A comparison chart of shrinkage and the number of days is made. As can be seen from Fig. 5, the multi-polyethylene glycol self-cultivation method (A3) of the first embodiment of the present invention can make the shrinkage of self-filling concrete lower than the conventional unconserved treatment from beginning to end. The amount of shrinkage of mode (C0), and after about 20 days, the first embodiment-multiple amount of polyethylene glycol self-maintenance mode (A3) can make the shrinkage of self-filling concrete lower than the conventional wet curing mode ( The shrinkage amount of C1) 1311129 has the effect of reducing the shrinkage caused by evaporation of self-filling concrete, which is better than the conventional wet curing method. Therefore, the self-maintenance method of the concrete of the present invention enables the self-supporting effect of the concrete without any external maintenance after washing. In addition, it has the effects of reducing evaporation of moisture after demoulding of concrete, reducing shrinkage caused by evaporation of water, and increasing compressive strength. The scope of the present invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims. Any changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. . BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The flow chart of the self-curing concrete according to the present invention is shown. Figures 2A to 2C: A comparison chart of the strength of conventional concrete (〇pc) according to various curing methods at different atmospheric humidity. Figures 3A to 3C: Self-filling concrete (scc) according to the intensity of various conservation methods at different atmospheric humidity. Item 4: Comparison chart of shrinkage and number of days for traditional concrete (0PC) under different curing conditions. Figure 5 is a comparison chart of shrinkage and days under self-filling concrete (SCC) under different curing conditions. [Main component symbol description] 1 Concrete mixing 2 Concrete pouring 3 First surface coating a first moisturizing film 15 1311129 4 Second surface coating a second moisturizing film 5 Observe whether the self-maintenance effect A1 is small First Embodiment of Moisturizing Film Concrete A2 Using General Moisture Film First Embodiment Concrete A3 Using a Multi-Humidity Film First Embodiment Concrete B1 Using a Small Moisture Film Second Embodiment Concrete B2 Using a General Moisture Film Second Embodiment Example Concrete B3 uses a large amount of moisturizing film. Second embodiment Concrete C0 Conventional unconserved concrete C1 Conventional wet curing concrete C2 Conventional coated waterproof film curing concrete
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