1308688 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 之方法，更詳而言 寬度之節省系統資 本發明係有關於一種節省系統資源 之，係關於一種有效分配匯流排介面的 源之方法。 【先前技術】 隨著電，及電腦技術的日錢步，故所實現的功能越 心：：大甘亚可透過搭载新的週邊裝置來升級更新功能或 曰/的’、他功i ’但格載新的週邊袭置後須重新啟動電 腦細完成週邊裝置的驅動，如此，即需停止現有之作 業Γ貝^使用上非常的繁瑣且不便，尤其是對時間持續 性^可#性具有很高要求的飼服器等設備而言，更會造 成資料遺失、服務中斷等嚴重後果。 為此業界即提^ —種具有熱插拔功能之擴充槽插卡 (Slot Card)互連技術，PCI (peripherai c〇mp〇nent1308688 IX. INSTRUCTIONS: The method of the invention belongs to, in more detail, the width saving system. The invention relates to a method for saving system resources, and relates to a method for efficiently allocating a source of a bus interface. [Prior Art] With the help of electricity and computer technology, the functions realized are more and more important: Daganya can upgrade the update function by using a new peripheral device or '/, After loading a new peripheral, you must restart the computer to complete the drive of the peripheral device. In this case, you need to stop the existing work. The use of the mussel is very cumbersome and inconvenient, especially for the time continuity. For equipment such as high-demand feeding equipment, it will cause serious consequences such as data loss and service interruption. For this reason, the industry has developed an expansion slot card (Slot Card) interconnect technology with hot-swap capability, PCI (peripherai c〇mp〇nent)
Inter_ecti〇n )(以下簡稱為ρα技術）作為電腦系統 的輸出入(I/O)介面’現今pci已成為電腦系統普遍支 匯流排標準。 (Peripheral Component Interconnect)為電腦平么 上苇採用的種周邊連接介面，其可用以將電腦平台的中 央處理單元向外搭接至—電路板，藉以透㈣電路:來連 接至各式之電腦周輕置，例如包括螢幕顯示器、硬碟裝 置、光碟機、網路切換器、等等，藉以讓中央處理單元^ 與此些周邊|置進行資料交流。ρα規範訂定了 5 19216 1308688 之匯"IL排k號來讓中央處理單元於電路板上與周邊裝置進 行資料交流。然而於具體應用上，隨著技術的成熟與進展， pci規範又進而包括一些不同的延伸性規範，例如為pci_E (PCI Express)，其係基於原始之PCI架構來作出一些延伸 [生之功此擴充，使得資料傳輸速度可較傳出之pci匯流排 更為快速。 PCI-E匯流排架構的一項特點在於其可支援各種具有 不同之匯流排寬度的擴充槽插卡，例如包括】位元（X〗）、4 $ τ〇(χ4)、8位tl(x8)、和16位元（χ16)的匯流排寬度。於 貝IV、4用日守，小匯流排覓度的擴充槽插卡即可插置至大匯 流排寬度的插槽來使用。舉例來說，4位元匯流排寬度的 擴充才曰插卡不只可插置至同樣為4位元匯流排寬度的插槽 來使用亦可插置至8位凡或i 6位元之匯流排寬度的插槽 來使，換 '"之，若有一電腦主機母板上設置8位元之匯 流排寬度的插槽，則該插槽即可選擇性地用以插接至8位 籲元或4位元之匯流排寬度的擴充槽插卡。 然而於具體實施上，前述之ρα_Ε匯流排架構的一項 問題在於假若電腦主機母板上的ρα_Ε介面控制器為8位 兀之匯流排，則該8位元之匯流排僅能有2種連線設計方 1财式為將其全部連接至8位元匯流排寬度的插 θ ’而弟2種方式則為將其分成二個4位元之匯流排，再 將此—個4位兀之匯流排分別連接至二個不同的插槽。但 =法的缺點在於若採用了第2種方式，則其插接上之擴 4插卡⑸0tCard)無論數量多少都僅能利用到4位元寬 19216 6 1308688 度之匯流排來進行資料值· 僅口有-片s，輸，亦即若插接上之擴充槽插卡 _擴充槽插卡亦僅能利用到 利用到8位元寬产之m 士 …法 接上-達行資料傳輸。因此於僅插 古效車的^ 卡的情況下，便顯得未能有效地利用最 间效率的糸統資源來進行資料傳輸。 另田於電腦主機母板上的PCI-E介面#制哭w古奋 槽時，則不管該PrTF八二L β 甶匕制裔配置有插 統均會給PCI 〃上疋否有插接擴充槽插卡，系 > IRO二、，巷面之橋接器系統資源（如10、ΜΜΙ0、 排介面之^/統資源給那些沒有插接擴充槽插卡之匯流 ==器若則s強迫不給那些無擴充槽插卡 系統於裝置r(::r?系統資源’則有些0⑷ 會出現錯誤訊號。Wln _2_，期之MPS模式） 為此’如何提升資料傳輸速度且不浪費系統資源，遂 成為目前亟待解決之重要課題。 【發明内容】 餐於上述習知技術之缺失，本發明之主要目的在於提 # ^匸〃IL排；I面旎支援該擴充槽插卡最大之匯流排寬度 :即省系統資源之方法’以達到最大之使用效能，且 貧料傳輸速度。 开 本發明之另-目的在於提供一種匯流排介面不會浪 費糸統資源之節省系統資源之方法。 一本發明之再一目的在於提供一種不會產生錯誤訊息 之節省系統資源之方法。 19216 7 1308688 源之=上::用及=的’本發明提供一種節省系統資 κ、 用一具有BI0S程式之電腦系統中，係包 自=:二(1)令一輸入/輸出系統(m〇S)執行-開機 效，若：，進牛⑺判斷-第-記體單元之資料是否無 依一擴充卡（Riser Card)上 ），（） rd)上之識別碼付知目前所插之擴充 I將充卡上之所有擴充槽所相對應之橋接器， C =有橋接器的位置值記錄於第-記憶單元 對庫之严接-一記憶單元之内含值去致能所有相 :::::做溝通’而得到溝通後之匯流排宽度⑷ί 別碼得知目前所插接之擴充卡，並再檢查 -^卡W 接有—插卡之擴充槽，並將所有插接有 一己产」槽所相對應之所有橋接器的位置值記錄於第 二==斷第一記憶單元之内含值是否等於第 1、隹-；:位置值，若是，則進行步驟⑷，若否，則 演^驟令該輸入輸出系統執行-隨插即用 =二^程式’且系統資源僅分配給致能之匯流排之橋接 第^亚，、，束步驟；以及（9)將第二記憶單^之位置值寫入 並持ΐΐΓ70之内含值内’並重置系統，^返回步驟⑴: 持、，執行步驟（1 )至步驟（9 )。 =匯流排為—ρα4ρα_Ε ’而該擴充槽插卡⑽ 機幻：’、、—PU卡或Ρα_Ε^，且該擴充槽插卡係包括軟碟 、硬碟機、唯讀光碟機（CD_R〇M)、可讀/寫光碟機 19216 8 1308688 (CD-R/W)及數位多功能光碟機（dvd)、聲訊卡及網 路卡。 再者”玄第5己憶單元為一非揮發性記憶體，而該非 揮發性記憶體為一互補式金屬氧化半導體（CMOS)、電 可抹除可程式唯讀記憶體（EEpR〇M)、快閃准讀記憶體 (Flash ROM )。 另该第二記憶單元係為一般可讀寫（Read/Write)之 隨機存取記憶體（RAM)。 >本發明節省系統資源之方法，係於—輸人輪出系統 (BaSlc lnpm/0mput System，m〇s )巾執行一開機自我 測試之程式時，藉由判斷—第—記體單元之資料是否無 效，且偵測匯流排介面上是否插置有擴充卡⑻㈣)之 擴充槽插卡⑻otCard)’若是，則致能插置有擴充卡之擴 充槽插卡所龍之該匯流排之橋接^ ;若否，㈣能該益 插置有擴充卡之擴充槽插卡所對應之該匯流排之橋接器， 亚：所致能之該匯流排之橋接器的訊息（例如⑽值設為 1)寫入-第-記憶單元中，而於該輸人輪出线執行一隨 插即用次异法之程式時’因除能的橋接器其將被隱藏起來 而系統無法使用匯流排介面週期（PCI Cycle)去存取 (Access)之，故將例如中斷訊號（IRQ)、輸入/輸出⑽） 及記憶體輸入輸出（MMI0)等系統資源僅分配給致能之 匯流排之橋接器，而不會浪費系統資源，且於匯流排之橋 接=被致能之同時’對插接有擴充卡之擴充槽插卡之匯‘ 排見度作配置’以使該匯流排介面能支援該擴充卡之擴充 19216 9 1308688 :插卡最大之匯流排寬度，以達到最大之使 升資料傳輸速度。 棱 【實施方式】 -以下係藉由特定的具體實施例說明本發明之實施方 ^，熟悉此技藝之人士可由本說明書所揭示之内容_易 =解本發明之其他制與功效。本發㈣可#由1他 實例純施行或應用，本說明書中的各項 =點編，在不㈣本發明之精神下進行各種 :參：：！圖，係顯示本發明節省系統資 H。如圖所示，本發明節省系統資源之 1 ;具有Bl〇S程式之電腦系統中，係包括以下步驟應弁用 進行步驟S10，令一鈐Λ /鉍山v .I先， 我測試之程式，接著“;=_s) ^行—開機白 ^驟似中’判斷—第一記體單元之資 >放右疋’則進行步驟s 古… 於牛驟㈣/ 否，則進行步驟 乂 中，依—擴充卡（Riser Carcn U上、 碼得知目前所插之萨 上之識別 槽所相對庫之产Z 而得知該擴充卡上之所有擴充 值記錄於第-記將該相對應之所有橋接器的位置 於步驟二::c進行步驟· 有相對應之橋接器，接著°己匕、單兀之内含值去致能所 接考進行步驟S50。 於步驟S50中，今斛古zA从 制之匯流排做溝通，而二橋接器開始針對其所控 于到溝通後之匯流排寬度，接著進 19216 10 1308688 行步騍S60。 於步驟S60中，依該擴充卡上之識 =之擴充卡，並再檢查該擴充卡上所有插接二目前所插 充槽，並將所有插接有一插卡之擴充枰 插卡之擴 接器的位置值記錄於第_ '目對應之所有橋 im‘坏孓弟_ 5己憶早兀，接著 第於步驟S7。中，判斷第-記憶單元之内含;？= 行步驟 s8〇;^ 貝J進仃步驟S90。 右金， %法5綱中，靖執行—隨插即_ 斤法之耘式，且系統資源僅分配 用〇、 器，並結束步驟。 ％之匯流排之橋接 於步驟請中，將第二記憶單元之位置值寫入第—吃 二：之内含值内，並重置系統，且返回步驟s 執仃步驟S10至步驟S90。 符、、貝 人於本實施例中，該匯流排介面為—m介面或ME »二面，而該擴充槽插卡為一 PCI卡或ρα_Ε+，且該擴充 恕插卡係包括軟碟機、硬碟機、唯讀光碟機（cd_r〇M)、 可讀/寫光碟機（CD_R/W)及數位多功能光碟機（dvd)、 聲訊卡及網路卡。 “再者，於本實施例中，該第一記憶單元為一非揮發性 己U 而6亥非揮發性記憶體為一互補式金屬氧化半導體 ⑽叫、電可抹除可程式唯讀記憶體 快閃唯讀記憶體（Flash ROM)。 另該第二記憶單元係為一般之可讀寫（Read/w出幻之 π 19216 1308688 隨機存取記憶體（ram)。須注意的是，本發明所說之擴充 卡（Riser Card)乃為廣義之擴充卡而非一般所說之擴充卡 (Slot Card),像 PCI Card / PCIE Card 皆屬於 sl〇t Card;本 發明所說之擴充卡（Riser Card)其上至少有一個插槽（sl〇t)， 若有PCI/PCIE卡***此插槽（Si〇t)t，我們稱此 PCI/PCIE卡為擴充槽插卡（Slot Card)。 綜上所述，本發明節省系統資源之方法，係於一輸入 輸出系統（Basic Input/Output System, BIOS )中，執行一 開機自我測試之程式時，藉由判斷一第一記體單元之資料 疋否無效，且偵測匯流排介面上是否插置有擴充卡 Card)之擴充槽插卡（sl〇tCard)，若是，則致能插置有擴充 擴充槽插卡所對應之該匯流排之橋接器；若$，則除 月匕j無插置有擴充卡之擴充槽插卡所對應之該匯流排之橋 接。。並將所致此之該匯流排之橋接器的訊息（例如bh ，又為1)寫入一第一記憶單元中，而於該輸入輸出系統 ·=-隨插即用演算法之程式時，因除能的橋接器其將被 -起來而系統無法使用匯流排介面週期（⑽Cycle )去 存取（Access)，故只將例如中斷訊號、輸入/輸出 1⑴及記憶體輪人輸出（MMl〇)等系統資源僅分配給 月b之匯*排之橋接器，而不會浪費系統資源，且於Inter_ecti〇n) (hereinafter referred to as ρα technology) as the input/output (I/O) interface of computer systems. Nowadays, pci has become the universal standard for computer systems. (Peripheral Component Interconnect) is a kind of peripheral connection interface used in computer flats. It can be used to connect the central processing unit of the computer platform to the circuit board, so as to connect to various computer weeks. Lightly placed, for example, including a screen display, a hard disk device, a CD player, a network switcher, etc., so that the central processing unit can communicate with such peripherals. The ρα specification sets the number of 5 19216 1308688 and the IL line k to allow the central processing unit to communicate with peripheral devices on the board. However, in terms of specific applications, as the technology matures and progresses, the pci specification further includes some different extension specifications, such as pci_E (PCI Express), which is based on the original PCI architecture to make some extensions. The expansion makes the data transfer speed faster than the outgoing pci bus. One of the features of the PCI-E bus architecture is that it supports a variety of expansion slot cards with different bus widths, including, for example, bit (X), 4 $ τ〇 (χ4), and 8-bit tl (x8). ), and the bus width of 16 bits (χ16). The expansion slot card of the small bus and the small busbar can be inserted into the slot of the large busbar width for use. For example, the expansion of the 4-bit busbar width is not only insertable into the slot that is also the 4-bit busbar width, but also can be inserted into the busbar of 8-bit or i-bit. Width of the slot to make, for the '", if there is a socket on the motherboard of the computer with an 8-bit bus width, the slot can be selectively used to plug into the 8-bit caller Or an expansion slot card with a 4-bit busbar width. However, in a specific implementation, one of the problems of the foregoing ρα_Ε bus bar architecture is that if the ρα_Ε interface controller on the motherboard of the computer host is an 8-bit bus, the 8-bit bus can only have two types of connections. The line design formula 1 is to insert all of them into the 8-bit busbar width interpolation θ', and the other two methods are to divide it into two 4-bit busbars, and then this is a 4-bit 兀The bus bars are connected to two different slots. However, the disadvantage of the = method is that if the second method is adopted, the expansion card (5) 0tCard on the plug-in can only use the busbar with a 4-bit width of 19216 6 1308688 degrees for the data value. Only the port has a piece s, the input, that is, if the expansion slot card inserted on the _ expansion slot card can only be used to the use of the 8-bit wide production m 士 ... method to connect - to achieve data transmission. Therefore, in the case of only inserting the card of the ancient car, it seems that the most efficient resource is not effectively utilized for data transmission. In the case of the PCI-E interface on the motherboard of the computer mainframe, the system will be given to the PCI 〃 有 古 古 古 古 古 古 均 PCI PCI P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P 古Slot card, system > IRO II, the bridge system resources of the roadway (such as 10, ΜΜΙ 0, the interface of the ^ / system resources to those sinks that do not plug in the expansion slot card == if the device is not forced For those without expansion slot card system in device r (:: r? system resources ' then some 0 (4) will have an error signal. Wln _2_, period MPS mode) For this 'how to improve data transmission speed and not waste system resources, 遂The present invention is an important issue to be solved. [Disclosed] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a #匸〃匸〃IL row; the I face supports the largest busbar width of the expansion slot card: That is to say, the method of saving system resources is to achieve the maximum use efficiency, and the transmission speed of the lean material. Another aspect of the invention is to provide a method for saving the system resources without wasting the resources of the bus interface. One purpose is to provide a kind of Method of saving system resources by generating an error message. 19216 7 1308688 Source = Upper:: Use and = 'The present invention provides a system for saving κ, using a computer system with a BIOS program, the package is from =: two (1) Let an input/output system (m〇S) be executed - the power-on effect, if:, enter the cow (7) to determine whether the data of the -recording unit is not on the riser card (Riser Card), () rd The identification code on the above is known as the expansion of the expansion I will be the corresponding bridge on all the expansion slots on the card, C = the position value of the bridge is recorded in the first memory unit to the library - a memory unit The value of the value is to enable all phases: ::::: Do communication' and get the bus width after communication (4) ί Do not know the expansion card currently plugged in, and check again - ^ card W is connected - card Expanding the slot, and recording the position values of all the bridges corresponding to all the plugged ones in the second slot =================================================== If yes, proceed to step (4). If not, then perform the input and output system execution - plug and play = two ^ And the system resource is only assigned to the bridge of the enabled bus, and the beam step; and (9) the position value of the second memory is written and held within the value of 70' Set the system, ^ return to step (1): Hold, and perform steps (1) to (9). = bus bar is -ρα4ρα_Ε ' and the expansion slot card (10) is phantom: ',, -PU card or Ρα_Ε^, and the expansion slot card includes floppy disk, hard disk drive, CD-ROM drive (CD_R〇M ), readable/writable CD player 19216 8 1308688 (CD-R/W) and digital versatile disc player (dvd), audio card and network card. Furthermore, the "Xuan 5th memory unit is a non-volatile memory, and the non-volatile memory is a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS), electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEpR〇M), Flash memory read-ahead memory (Flash ROM). The second memory unit is a general read-write (Read/Write) random access memory (RAM). The method for saving system resources of the present invention is - The BaSlc lnpm/0mput System, m〇s towel performs a self-testing program by judging whether the data of the first-recording unit is invalid and detecting whether the bus interface is inserted or not. Expansion slot card (8) otCard) with expansion card (8) (4)) If it is, it can be inserted into the expansion bus of the expansion slot card of the expansion card. If not, (4) can be inserted with expansion The bridge of the bus corresponding to the expansion slot card of the card, the message of the bridge of the bus (for example, the value of (10) is set to 1) is written into the -memory unit, and When the input wheel exits the line and executes a plug-and-play sub-dissimilar program, the bridge is disabled. Will be hidden and the system cannot use the PCI Cycle to access (Access), so system resources such as interrupt signal (IRQ), input/output (10), and memory input and output (MMI0) are only available. Assigned to the bridge of the enabled busbar without wasting system resources, and when the bridge of the busbar is enabled, it is configured to 'distribute the expansion slot card with the expansion card' 'To enable the bus interface to support the expansion of the expansion card 19216 9 1308688: the maximum bus width of the card to achieve the maximum data transfer speed. EDGE [Embodiment] - The following is a specific implementation The embodiments of the present invention are described by those skilled in the art. The contents disclosed in the present specification can be explained by other methods and functions. The present invention can be implemented or applied in purely by the example of the present invention. The various items are not in accordance with the spirit of the present invention: the reference::! diagram shows that the present invention saves system resources H. As shown, the present invention saves system resources 1; has Bl〇S Program power In the system, the following steps should be applied to step S10, so that a 钤Λ / 铋 v v. I first, I test the program, then "; = _s) ^ line - boot white ^ ^ ^ in the judgment - the first The capital of a record unit > put the right 疋 ' then proceed to the step s ancient... Yu Niu (4) / No, then proceed to the step ,, according to the expansion card (Riser Carcn U, the code to know the current inserted on the Sa The identification slot is relative to the library Z and knows that all the expansion values on the expansion card are recorded in the first record of the position of all the corresponding bridges in step two::c. Steps · Corresponding bridge Then, the value of the self-contained value of the single enthalpy and the single enthalpy is taken to perform the step S50. In step S50, the current ZA communicates with the bus, and the second bridge begins to control the width of the bus after communication, and then proceeds to 19216 10 1308688. In step S60, according to the expansion card of the expansion card on the expansion card, and then checking all the insertion slots of the expansion card on the expansion card, and expanding the expansion card of all the expansion cards inserted into the card. The position value of the device is recorded in all the bridges corresponding to the first time im's 孓 己 己 己 己 己 己 兀 兀 兀 兀 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 In the judgment, the content of the first memory unit is included; = Line step s8〇;^ Bay J proceeds to step S90. Right Jin, % Law 5, Jing execution - plug-and-play _ jin method, and system resources are only allocated with 〇, 器, and end steps. The bridge of the % bus is connected to the step request, the position value of the second memory unit is written into the internal value of the first-eat two, and the system is reset, and the process returns to step s to perform steps S10 to S90. In this embodiment, the bus interface is -m interface or ME » two sides, and the expansion slot card is a PCI card or ρα_Ε+, and the expansion card includes a floppy disk drive , hard disk drive, CD-ROM (cd_r〇M), readable/writable CD player (CD_R/W) and digital versatile disc player (dvd), audio card and network card. In addition, in this embodiment, the first memory unit is a non-volatile U and the 6 Hai non-volatile memory is a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (10) called, electrically erasable programmable read only memory Flash-only read-only memory (Flash ROM). The second memory unit is generally readable and writable (Read/w phantom π 19216 1308688 random access memory (ram). It should be noted that the present invention The said Riser Card is a generalized expansion card rather than a so-called Slot Card. PCI card / PCIE Card is a sl〇t Card. The expansion card (Riser) of the present invention Card) There is at least one slot (sl〇t) on it. If a PCI/PCIE card is inserted into this slot (Si〇t)t, we call this PCI/PCIE card an expansion slot card (Slot Card). As described above, the method for saving system resources of the present invention is to determine the data of a first body unit by performing a self-testing program in an input/output system (BIOS). No invalid, and the expansion slot of the expansion card is inserted in the detection bus interface. Card (sl〇tCard), if yes, the bridge that is connected to the busbar corresponding to the expansion slot card; if $, the expansion slot card with no expansion card is inserted except the month Corresponding to the bridging of the bus bar. The message (for example, bh, 1 is also) of the bridge of the bus bar is written into a first memory unit, and the input and output system is included in the first memory unit. In the plug-and-play algorithm, the disabled bridge will be up and the system cannot use the bus interface cycle ((10)Cycle) to access (Access), so only interrupt signals, input/output 1(1) and System resources such as memory wheel output (MMl〇) are only allocated to the bridge of the month b, without wasting system resources, and
排之橋接器被致能夕n η士 L 充卡之’晶片組（⑶㈣)將對插接有擴 ^ 之匯流排寬度作配置，以使該匯流排介 亥擴充卡之擴充槽插卡最大之匯流排寬度，以達 到取大之使用效能，且提升資㈣輪速度。 19216 12 1308688 上述實施例僅例示性說明本發明之原理、 非用於限制本發明。任何熟習此項技藝之人士均不= 背本發明之精神及料下，對上述實施例進行修飾與 =。因此’本發明之權利保護範圍，應如後述之申請專 範圍所列。 月 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖係顯示本發明之節省系統資源 r + 36 - /丄》乃法流粒圖〇 【主要70件符號說明】 S10〜S90 μ 步驟 19216 13The row of bridges is enabled. The chipset ((3) (4)) will be configured to the width of the busbar with the expansion, so that the expansion slot card of the busbar expansion card is the largest. The width of the bus bar is used to achieve the use efficiency, and the speed of the (four) wheel is increased. 19216 12 1308688 The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Anyone skilled in the art will not modify the above embodiments with the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be as set forth in the scope of the application as described later. Month [Simple diagram of the diagram] Figure 1 shows the system resources saved by the present invention. r + 36 - /丄" is a flow chart 〇 [Main 70-segment description] S10~S90 μ Step 19216 13