1304364 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種板金衝 一 利用普通衝裁原理即可得到古：、:、及工蟄，尤指-種 模具及工藝。 于至u精度斷面質量之板金衝裁 【先前技術】 用金衝裁工藝對板金進行衝孔或切邊加工時係利 衝·金進行衝裁，如第-圖心，由普通 3及毛刺4四部分組成，其中糸古嫌 ^ 斷面質量之高低。，、中先”2之多少決定衝裁件 如弟广圖至第四圖所示’習知衝裁模具包括—上模 斷面餅下，6 H料裝置7。在衝裁過程巾’影響衝裁件 料壯^里^因素主要有：、上下模衝裁間隙、切削餘量、壓 /衣之堊料力以及衝裁模具結構。間隙過小時， 在衝裁件上下裂紋中間產生二次剪切，衝裁件8斷 士邛留下撕裂帶3，端面出現擠長之毛刺4 ;間隙過大 才拉應力增大，材料易被撕裂，致使衝裁件8光亮帶減 小，塌角1及斷裂斜度都增大。衝切餘量過大，上模5於 了過程中，材料所受拉應力較大，材料斷面底部會產生 少里撕裂帶，衝切餘量過小，則粗切時所留下之撕裂帶不 月b切除乾淨，會導致產品斷面産生“麻點”現象。普通衝 裁工藝中，模具刀口 51爲平底，在模具衝切過程中切削餘 1304364 里9將逐漸累積，導致切削力增大，使產品斷面底部產生 撕衣T 3及毛刺4。壓料力之大小對衝裁件斷面質量之影 響=不容忽視，壓料裝置7之壓料力過小時，於模具工作 j私中，將導致材料於拉應力作用下發生水平滑移，工作 完成後，產品斷面會産生微小塌角；如果壓料裝置了之塵 =力過大，材料會發生過大之彈性甚至彈塑性變形，工作 :成後，塵力釋放，材料會產生收縮現象，産品尺寸出現 橫於衝床工作速度之不均勻性’將導致斷面有 帶通衝裁模具及工藝所得之衝裁件，其斷面光亮 125〜63 ^侧左右，衝裁縣面祕度Ra值爲 寸精产要^ 精度在1π以下。對於光潔度及尺 到斷：質量該衝裁方法達不到要求。若需得 裁，惟，、採用ί::高之衝裁件，-般需採用精密衝 格昂貴= 數控機床對衝裁件工SI::行 ::ί之衝裁件，惟，數控機床同樣 ί本…只可單件加工，不能實現自動化批量生产❿ 產效率低，無法滿足工廠高產能之需求。 生，生 因是，針對以上各生產方式之缺點， 裁模具及工藝進行改進，提供一種可得到高精^有衝 之低成本高效率之衝裁模具及工藝 面質量 具及工藝之基礎上對影響衝裁件斷量衝裁模 貝里之各因素進行改 8 1304364 $提：了 一種利用普通衝裁原理即可 置之板金衝裁模具及工藝，採用該工藝可面質 斷面之光亮帶，得到高精度斷面質量之衝裁件田^衝裁件 【發明内容】 本叙明之目的在於提供一種利用 到高精度斷面質量之板金衝裁模具及工藝裁方法即可得 本發明板金衝裁模具及工藝，可 ，衝裁間陳、衝切餘量'壓料力及_刀口％=過程 藉由--欠粗力^ 之_件°本衝裁工藝可 數值可與普通衝與工蓺成，粗衝時，各參 裁間隙取小於或等於0.5T%，其中 =早邊衝 數今拌兔押^ τ舄材枓厚度，需進行 4 r各精衝過程之總單邊衝切餘I之 於粗衝時衝裁件所産生之塌角寬度，精衝模且上r/:f專 相:之弧形缺口，以防止切削餘量累積，精_料力 取 lO.OMPa 至 30MPa 之間。 本發明板金衝裁模具及工藝之功 裁原理，藉由對模且衝裁間隙、楛且刀 利用普通衝 m、衝裁間隙、核具刀口、切削餘量及壓 _ 、二素之合理設計及選擇，可得到斷面光亮帶接近 %之衝裁件。不僅節省了購買精密衝裁設備及數控加工 機叙高成本，還保證了產品生產率，適合現代化工廠高 效咼産低成本之發展趨勢。 【實施方式】 1304364 切於t發=金衝裁模具及工藝是藉由對衝裁間隙、衝 到高精度斷面質量的衝裁件。^取及6又相付 至19m “ u 灯戮1千其不僅適用於厚度爲2_ 至12mm之鋁材及銅材，也適 石炭鋼材料之衝孔及切邊過程。用於3石反里小於〇.15%之低 舄了保證衝裁件斷面之光潔度，儘 隙、切削餘量、壓料力笃 曰’ 一次粗加工，再進行-次或數次精加 在本加工中，各參數值盥 值相同或相近。 /、㈢通衝裁工藝中各參數 量斷：件斷面質量影響很大，要得到高質 邊衝裁間隙取UT%時（T爲材料厚声）早 ::之撕裂帶，將光亮帶提高到整心面小： "足衝裁件斷面之高精度要求，本 土 時，對於厚度爲3mm之板金，可得田到衝光裁間 = 衝裁間隙越小，所得衝裁件光亮冗f2.8mm，且 精衝間隙減小至$〇 5τ% 。 儿 阿，本發明最終將 另外，在精衝過程中，衝切 斷面質量有报大影響。爲了提高産彳：v也對衝裁件 提高光亮帶在斷面中所占比重°口的断面質量，儘量 精衝過程分爲—個或多個製程進行Λ角寬度如可將 材料越厚之衝裁件，精衝製程越;丁 1次切除塌角，且 著製程之增加，衝切餘量= 隨 J i各製程衝切餘量 10 1304364 =大於或等於㈣時所留塌角寬度b。用公式表示即 衝次 ^1 + a2+......^31>32> .·.··.、，其中 η 爲精 除以上所述因素外，衝裁模具刀口結構之合 對衝裁件斷面質量之提升構：：理-计 示，太恭善兮 另很穴帛助。如第五圖所 ，衝裁卫藝中之精衝模具包括—上模心 件斷面質旦2要減小衝裁過程之切削力，提高衝裁 量ί2順利里排出广刀削餘* 12之產生並使該切削餘 底部設計一與該上模邊刀成=角之原衝理裁刀在該上模 -段與該衝裁刀口 14内刀相切 =角，衝裁刀口 14及 餘量12可切之弧形缺口 11，使該切削 12累積，徹U順利排出’防止該切削餘量 得到較高之以帶在斷面底部産生撕裂帶和毛刺， 小及該切削餘量υ 12之Λ 衝裁刀口底部角度0之大 關係，該兩件16斷面質量有很大 件16之斷面精度。’將直接影響到該衝裁 站所留衝裁餘量之前据下值原則為：在能夠均句切除前工 量越好，當該衝裁件16 亥切削餘量12越少，斷面質 時，要保噔言σ併予X增加使該切削餘量12增大 保證模具二：‘：面备角度Θ也應適當增大。惟，爲 ”度時’均可減二削餘度/『宜過大，當Θ取25度或 12累積。通常該角产：里12之產生’防止切削餘量 爲保證衝裁件：在8度至45度之間。 寸及形狀精度，在衝裁過程中壓 11 1304364 料裝置15之壓料力大小選取也至關重要。在粗切時，芦 料力可與普通衝裁工藝相同或相近，本發明中，粗衝= 料力取爲1〇MPa，精衝壓料力取爲lOMPa至3〇MPa & 間可避免出現材料滑移或産生塌角等現象。 ^經對上述各個因素之多次驗證與分析，得出以 要得到高精度斷面f量之衝裁件，可對衝裁件進= ::力？，首先進行粗加工，即按普通衝裁工藝之參： ，去除衝裁件外部較大部分之餘料，庐 間隙及切_ ’適“二料力'， 工 藝作進一步說明：見猎由以下兩組貫驗數據對本 針對材料爲AL5052 H32,料屋致1 明人採取了如下合理參數：…3随之衝裁件，發 製程工藝 單邊間隙 單邊衝切餘量 刀刀角度 壓料力 得到100%光亮帶之高， 在另一實施方式中 6-5mm，發明人利用同; 亦取得成功。 下料 精修 1%τ 〇·5%Τ 6-〇mm 0.24mm - 25° l〇.〇MPa 25〜3〇MPa 裁卿面。 •仍爲 AL5052 H32，料厚為 ’、理’採用如下工藝參數， 1304364 製程工藝 下料 精修1 精修2 精修3 單邊衝切餘量 10.0mm 2.0mm 0.6mm 0.3mm 單邊間隙 ο.5%τ 0.3%T 0.3%T 0.3%T 刀刃角度 — 35° 35° 35° 壓料力 lO.OMPa lO.OMPa 25 〜30MPa 25MPa 【圖式簡单說明】 第一圖係普通衝裁工藝所得衝裁件斷面示意圖。 第二圖係普通衝裁工藝中模具刀口結構示意圖。 第二圖係普通衝裁工藝中壓料力過小時的材料狀悲 圖。 第四圖係普通衝裁工藝中壓料力過大時的材料狀態 圖。 第五圖係本發明衝裁模具刀口結構示意圖。 第六圖係利用本發明衝裁模具及工藝所得衝裁件斷面 示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 上模 10 孤形缺口 11 切削餘量 12 下模 13 衝裁刀口 14 壓料裝置 15 衝裁件 16 光亮帶 18 131304364 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to a sheet metal punching one that can be obtained by using the ordinary punching principle: ancient:, and, and, in particular, a mold and a process. Sheet metal blanking for the quality of the u-precision section [Prior Art] When punching or trimming the sheet metal with the gold punching process, it is punched and punched, such as the first-picture heart, from ordinary 3 and burr 4 is composed of four parts, of which the quality of the section is unknown. , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , The punching parts are mainly composed of: the punching gap of the upper and lower molds, the cutting allowance, the pressing force of the press/clothing, and the punching die structure. When the gap is too small, the secondary crack occurs in the middle of the punching part. Shearing, the blanking part 8 is broken and the tearing strip 3 is left, and the end surface is burred 4; when the gap is too large, the tensile stress is increased, the material is easily torn, and the bright band of the blanking member 8 is reduced. Both the angle 1 and the fracture slope are increased. The punching allowance is too large, the upper mold 5 is in the process, the tensile stress of the material is large, and the inner part of the material section will produce a few tear belts, and the punching allowance is too small. Then the tear tape left after the rough cutting is not cleaned, which will lead to the phenomenon of "pitting" in the product section. In the ordinary punching process, the die edge 51 is a flat bottom, and the cutting time is 1304364 in the die cutting process. The inner 9 will gradually accumulate, resulting in an increase in the cutting force, causing a tear T 3 and a burr 4 at the bottom of the product section. The effect of the size of the force on the cross-section quality of the blanks = can not be ignored, the pressing force of the pressing device 7 is too small, in the private work of the mold, the material will cause horizontal slip under the tensile stress, after the work is completed, If the pressure of the material is too large, the material will be too elastic or even elastoplastic deformation. Work: After the dust is released, the material will shrink and the product size will appear horizontally. The unevenness of the working speed of the punching machine will result in the punching of the section with the punching die and the process. The section of the punching is about 125~63^ side, and the raid of the county is the value of the precision. The accuracy is below 1π. For the finish and the ruler to break: the quality of the punching method can not meet the requirements. If you need to cut, only, use ί:: high punching parts, generally need to use precision punching expensive = CNC machine tool punching work SI:: line:: ί, the cutting machine, but the CNC machine tool is also the same... can only be processed in one piece, can not achieve automated mass production 低 low productivity, can not meet the high capacity of the factory Health, the cause of birth, Improve the shortcomings of the above various production methods, cut the mold and process, and provide a high-precision, low-cost and high-efficiency punching die and process surface quality tools and processes. The factors of the blanking die are changed. 8 1304364 $: A stamping die and process that can be placed by the ordinary punching principle. The process can be used to obtain a high-precision section. Quality punching parts field ^ punching pieces [invention content] The purpose of this description is to provide a sheet metal blanking die and process cutting method using high-precision section quality to obtain the sheet metal blanking die and process of the present invention, , punching room Chen, punching allowance 'pressing force and _ knife mouth%= process by--under-thickness ^ _ piece ° the punching process can be compared with ordinary punching and workmanship, roughing The gap between the parameters is less than or equal to 0.5T%, of which = the early edge of the current number of rabbits is mixed with the thickness of the τ 舄 material, and the total unilateral die-cutting of the 4 r finishing process is required for the roughing The width of the sag caused by the blanking of the blank, the fine die and the upper r/:f : The arcuate cutout, to prevent the accumulation of cutting allowance, taking the force between the fine feed _ lO.OMPa to 30MPa. The principle of the work-cutting process of the sheet metal blanking die and the process of the invention, by means of the punching and punching gap, and the knife adopts the ordinary punching m, the punching gap, the cutting edge, the cutting allowance and the pressure _, the rational design of the two elements And the selection, can get the punching part of the section bright band close to %. It not only saves the cost of purchasing precision blanking equipment and CNC machining machines, but also guarantees product productivity and is suitable for the development trend of modern factories with high efficiency and low cost. [Embodiment] 1304364 Cut-to-t=gold punching die and process is a punching part that punches the gap and punches into the high-precision section quality. ^ Take 6 and pay to 19m "u lamp 戮1 thousand, which is not only suitable for aluminum and copper with thickness of 2_ to 12mm, but also for punching and trimming process of carbon steel material. For 3 stone anti-li Less than 〇.15% lower than to ensure the smoothness of the cross-section of the blanking part, the clearance, the cutting allowance, the pressing force 笃曰' one roughing, and then - one or several times in the processing, each The parameter values are the same or similar. /, (3) The parameters of the blanking process are broken: the quality of the section quality is very large, and it is necessary to obtain the UT% of the high-quality edge blanking gap (T is the material thick sound): : The tearing belt, the bright belt is raised to the whole small face: "The high precision requirement of the cross section of the foot punching piece, when it is local, for the sheet metal with the thickness of 3mm, the field can be obtained from the punching cut = blanking The smaller the gap, the lighter and smoother the obtained punching part is 2.8mm, and the fine punching clearance is reduced to $〇5τ%. In addition, the invention will eventually have another effect on the quality of the punched cut surface during the fine punching process. In order to improve calving: v also hedges the proportion of the bright belt in the section of the section of the section of the mouth, the quality of the section is divided into as much as possible One or more processes for the width of the corners, such as the thicker the material, the more the punching process, the more the cutting process is performed; the cutting angle is cut once, and the process is increased, the die cutting allowance = die cutting with J i The margin 10 1304364 = the width of the sag angle b when it is greater than or equal to (4). It is expressed by the formula ^1 + a2+...^31>32> .····., where η is fine In addition to the above-mentioned factors, the structure of the punching die edge structure is improved by the cross-cutting quality of the die-cutting part:: rational-metering, too good and good, and very helpful. As shown in the fifth figure, the punching and finishing art The fine die of the middle part includes the upper part of the upper part of the die, and the cutting force of the blanking process is reduced, and the punching amount is increased. ί2 smoothly discharges the wide knife cut * 12 and makes the bottom of the cutting design The upper die cutter is an original punching cutter of the angle = the angle between the upper die segment and the inner edge of the punching blade 14 = the corner, the punching edge 14 and the remaining amount 12 can be cut by the curved notch 11 The cutting 12 accumulates and the U is smoothly discharged to prevent the cutting allowance from being higher to cause the tear band and the burr to be generated at the bottom of the section, and the cutting allowance is less than 12 The relationship between the angle of the bottom of the knife edge is 0. The quality of the two 16-section sections has a section accuracy of 16 pieces. 'The direct impact on the blanking allowance of the blanking station is based on the principle of the lower value: The better the amount of work before the sentence is cut, the less the cutting allowance 12 of the blanking part 16 is, the more the cutting quality is, the more the σ and the X increase are made to increase the cutting allowance 12 to ensure the mold 2: ': The angle of preparation should also be increased appropriately. However, for "degrees", the margin of reduction can be reduced / "should be too large, when 25 degrees or 12 accumulations are taken. Usually the corner production: the production of 12 in the 'preventing the cutting allowance to ensure the blanking: between 8 degrees and 45 degrees. Inch and shape accuracy, pressure during the blanking process 11 1304364 The material pressure of the material device 15 is also critical. In the rough cutting, the reed force can be the same as or similar to the ordinary blanking process. In the present invention, the rough punching = the material force is taken as 1 MPa, and the precision punching material force is taken as 10 MPa to 3 MPa MPa & Material slippage or slumping. ^ After many verifications and analysis of the above various factors, it is concluded that the punching part with high precision section f can be obtained. First, roughing, that is, according to the ordinary punching process:, remove the remaining material of the larger part of the blanking part, 庐 gap and cut _ 'suitable two material force', the process for further explanation: see hunting by The two sets of inspection data for the material for the AL5052 H32, the material of the house to take the following reasonable parameters: ... 3 with the blanking parts, the process of the process side unilateral clearance unilateral die cutting blade angle pressing force The height of the 100% bright band is obtained, and in another embodiment, 6-5 mm, the inventor uses the same; also succeeds. The finishing is 1% τ 〇 · 5% Τ 6-〇mm 0.24mm - 25° l〇 〇MPa 25~3〇MPa 裁清面. • Still AL5052 H32, material thickness is ', rational' using the following process parameters, 1304364 process technology finishing finishing 1 finishing 2 finishing 3 unilateral die cutting allowance 10.0mm 2.0mm 0.6mm 0.3mm Single side clearance ο.5%τ 0.3%T 0.3%T 0.3%T Blade angle - 35° 35° 35° Pressing force lO.OMPa lO.OMPa 25 〜30MPa 25MPa Brief Description] The first picture is a schematic cross-section of the blanking part obtained by the ordinary blanking process. The second picture is the mold of the ordinary blanking process. The second figure shows the material state of the material in the ordinary blanking process when the pressing force is too small. The fourth figure is the material state diagram when the pressing force is too large in the ordinary blanking process. Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the cross section of the blanking part obtained by the blanking die and the process of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] Upper die 10 orphaned notch 11 Cutting allowance 12 Lower die 13 Blanking edge 14 Pressing device 15 punching member 16 bright belt 18 13