TWI289704B - Detecting method of preventing the liquid crystal molecule of the LCD screen from generating gravity mura - Google Patents
Detecting method of preventing the liquid crystal molecule of the LCD screen from generating gravity mura Download PDFInfo
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1289704 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是有關於一種避免液晶顯示螢幕之液晶分子產生重 力不均(gravity mura)之檢測方法，且特別是有關於一種藉由控制 液晶顯示螢幕内所含之單位面積液晶含量檢測，而避免液晶產生 重力不均之檢測方法。 【先前技術】 _ 液晶顯示螢幕(TFT-LCD)具有外型輕薄、耗電量少以及無輻 射污染等特性，因此被廣泛地應用在筆記型電腦(notebook)、個 人數位助理(PDA)等攜帶式資訊產品上，且有逐漸取代CRT監 視器之趨勢；液晶顯示螢幕係包含有一下基板，其上具有許多排 列成陣列的薄膜電晶體、像素電極(pixel electrode)、互相垂直交 錯(orthogonal)的掃描線(scan or gate line)以及訊號線(data 0Γ signal line)、一具有彩色濾光鏡(c〇l〇r fiiter，CF)的上基板、以及 鲁填充於下基板與上基板之間的液晶材料(無數的液晶分子），利用 成矩陣狀排列的薄膜電晶體，配合適當的電容、轉接墊等電子元 件來驅動液晶像素，可產生豐富亮麗的圖形；其中上基板與下基 板可為透明的玻璃基板。 如本國專利公告號第00583477號「控制液晶體積以避免液 晶顯示螢幕產生重力不均之方法」，其習知液晶顯示螢幕的液晶 分子注入方式，是在上下玻璃基板對組後以毛細原理將液晶慢慢 吸入；參閱第一圖所示，為習知液晶注入製程之示意圖，其中液 5 1289704 晶顯示螢幕100包括一具有彩色濾光鏡(CF)的上基板1〇2及一具 有薄膜電晶體(TFT)的下基板104 ,將上基板1〇2備上框膠與下 基板104對位(aligner)並熱壓成形(h〇t press)後，於真空室内以毛 細原理將液晶慢慢吸入兩基板之間，最後再加壓並封住液晶之注 入口；由於習知液晶顯示螢幕的液晶分子注入方式，非常耗時且 浪費液晶，尤其於製作大尺寸之液晶顯示螢幕上，實為不適；目 鈿液晶顯示螢幕的液晶注入方式較多採用滴下式注入製程 鲁（〇ne_Dr〇pFilling，以下簡稱0DF);參閱第二圖所示，為滴下式 注入製程之示意圖，其中液晶顯示螢幕200，係將液晶注於下基 板204後，接著於真空室内進行下基板2〇4與上基板2〇2之對位 與組合(aligner and assembly)，並置於大氣壓下進行紫外線(uv) 之照射；這種新的製程可大幅節省液晶注入的時間與液晶材料， 尤其在超大尺寸面板具有絕對的優勢；以三十吋面板為例，習知 液晶注入方式大約需要五天的時間才成完成一片，而〇DF卻只 需要五分鐘，並且節省約4〇%的液晶材料。 • 一般對於液晶顯示螢幕(TFT-LCD)使用上，較多以一傾斜或 垂直於水平面之置立角度，而填充於基板之間的液晶分子會由於 重力而向低處流動，此時容易因液晶顯示螢幕其設計不良，而造 成重力不均(gravity mura)的問題，其中，用以控制液晶基板間間 隙的感光型間隔物(photo spacer),極為重要因素；參閱第三圖所 示’為液晶顯示螢幕内液晶分子產生重力不均之示意圖，其中液 晶顯示螢幕300包括一具有彩色濾光鏡(CF)的上基板3〇2和一具 有薄膜電晶體(TFT)的下基板304 ,且上基板302和下基板304 1289704 間填充有液晶分子；而上基板302處所形成的感光型間隔物 (photo spacer)306係用來控制兩基板間的間隙(cell gap); —般來 說，良好的感光型間隔物會頂到下基板304,因而撐出基板間的 間隙。然而，感光型間隔物與液晶的熱膨脹係數不同，因此在後 續的高溫老化(aging)製程中，不同的膨脹程度可能導致感光型間 隔物無法頂到下基板304，而使液晶由於重力向下流動，造成重 力不均(gravity mura)之現象，不但會影響液晶顯示螢幕之顯像品 質，亦會縮短液晶顯示螢幕之使用壽命；故，感光型間隔物的高 馨度將決定滴入之液晶量；然而，習知滴下式注入法(〇DF)之製程 檢測方法中，係利用如數位相機紀錄光線變化的半導體元件一感 光耦合元件(Charge Coupled Device，CCD)拍攝液晶分子滴落時 之截面積取樣，並透過運算處理器以積分計算其滴注液晶之體積 (二維）’來判別滴注液晶是否為正常值；參閱第四圖所示，為習 知液日日刀子與液晶基板之接觸角之示意圖，量測該滴液晶分子 404滴落於液晶基板402時所呈現之接觸角(c〇ntactangle^，以 _得到此滴液晶分子之體積，接著依據該體積配合運算處理器來調 整次滴液晶分子之體積。 然而，習知液晶分子之檢測方法仍具有以下缺點： 1·利用CCD攝取液晶分子之截面積取樣以進行運算比對，需要 功能強大之運算處理器，且於作業上非常耗時，尤其於2複 比對或製作大尺寸面板時，更顯不便。 2·利用CCD攝取液晶分子之截面積取樣以進行運算比對，容易 因侧視或CCD攝取角度之限制，而產生液晶分子之檢測誤差。 1289704 3.利用CCD攝取液晶分子之截面積取樣崎行運算比對，由於 運算比對之作業時間非常冗長，較不利進行線上即時债測 _ne_㈣’故無法針對單片、前後片或前後批的液晶顯 示螢幕做液晶量修正之即時回饋。 【發明内容】 ^mbly) ’最後再置於大氣壓下進行紫外線(uv)之照射；其中， 刀子通“發生在某一溫度範圍内，存在於液態區與模糊狀 區，且，若控制不佳時也會發生固化的情形，故，液晶分子滴注 鲁於液晶基板之含量，須透過檢測機點己合運算處理器來維持液晶 基板上之液晶分子的平衡。 滴下式/主入製程(〇ne_Dr〇pFming，以下簡稱⑽^為製造 液晶基板之新技術，應用產品諸如因應快速反應的小㈣面板、 鲁先進冋口口質的MVA面板’尤以大型面板的電視產品，運用滴下 式注入製程技術’皆可改善習知耗時、良率低且不易達成之困 難此滴下式/主入製私係先由液晶分子滴注形成於二液晶基板之 1接著於真工至内進行二液晶基板之對位與組合(沾明沉㈤ 八本&明之主要目的係在提供-種避免液晶顯示螢幕之液晶 產生重力(gravity mura)不均之檢測方法其液晶基板單位面 ，所，絲晶之含量檢測，係於同_^作條件巾，滴注之符合標 準液晶於設定的_下’將液晶在第-基板上嶋散形成之上視 =積^立驗_本(然後才將第—基板與第二基板對合，而使 于液曰曰在第—基板與第二基朗），並藉由檢繼本轉換成標準 1289704 檢測資料庫’並偵測一感光型擴散形成面積，與標準檢測資料庫 比對該第一及第二基板之間適當之液晶分子含量；又，本發明可 於同一工作條件中，將前批液晶在液晶基板上所擴散形成之上視 面積建立為檢測樣本，並轉換成標準檢測資料庫，以利於偵測一 感光型擴散形成面積，與標準檢測資料庫比對該前批及後批基板 之間適當之液晶分子含量。 本發明之次要目的係在提供一種避免液晶顯示蝥幕之液晶 鲁分子產生重力(gravity mura)不均之檢測方法，藉由線上即時偵測 (in-linemonitor)方式，以控制液晶顯示螢幕單位面積所滴注液晶 之含量檢測，針對第一及第二基板之間或前批及後批基板之間適 當之液晶分子含量進行即時回饋(fee(iback)之修正，避免產生重 力不均之現象，並可調整液晶滴注之時間差，方便控制其檢驗流 程；藉由線上即時偵測(in-linemonitor)方式，可大幅降低檢測成 本，同時增加產品良率與競爭力。 本發明之再次要目的係在提供一種避免液晶顯示螢幕之液 鲁晶分子產生重力(gravity mura)不均之檢測方法，藉由液晶在第一 基板上之擴散面積(二維)建立之檢測樣本，及由檢測樣本轉換成 標準檢測資料庫之數值分析，可替代習知液晶分子體積(三維)所 建立之檢測數值，來進行經驗數值之比對，而不須運算功能強大 之處理器；且，本發明之檢測樣本係直接以液晶在第一基板上之 擴散面積為取樣標的，故無產生側視造成同排液晶因CCD攝取 角度之限制，進而干擾各滴注液晶點之檢驗誤差；亦可將標準檢 刪資料庫，透過處理系統以圖像化顯示於顯示器上，並在顯示資 1289704 料疋出容許之最大與最小之誤差面積，方便線上檢測操作者，得 容易且迅速知曉工作液晶分子異常現象，方便製程中檢測作業。 本發明之又一次要目的係在提供一種避免液晶顯示螢幕之 液晶分子產生重力(gravity mura)*均之檢測方法，於液晶在液晶 基板上之擴散面積進行比對時，在同一液晶注入量下，可順便檢 測工作過程之液晶基板上是否沾有油潰等難以目視觀測之附帶 檢測。 ^【實施方式】 本發明之避免液晶顯示螢幕之液晶分子產生重力不均(gravity 聰叫之檢測方法，係應用於滴下式注入法之製程(ODF process)將 液晶分子滴注形成於二液晶基板之間，為避免液晶分子於某一溫 度範圍内形成之液態區與模糊狀區，因不慎而發生固化的情形， 故於液晶分子滴注於第一基板時，於同一工作條件中，直接在第 一基板上，以光學取樣之方式攝取液晶在第一基板上所擴散形成 鲁之上視面積，並以該上視面積為一檢測樣本且轉換成標準檢測資 料庫後，透過檢測機具配合運算處理器，檢測比對第一及第二基 板之間適當之液晶分子含量是否為適當，如此可維持液晶基板上 之液晶分子的平衡，避免液晶分子出現重力不均之現象；最後再 於真空至内進行二液晶基板之對位與組合(aligner and assembly) 後，於大氣壓下進行紫外線(uv)之照射；滴下式注入製程係為時 下製造液晶基板之新技術，尤以大型尺寸之液晶產品尤具絕對優 勢，除了大幅降低製作時間，更可節省約40%之液晶材料，足以取 1289704 代習知液晶注入法。 參閱第五圖所示，為本發明液晶分子之檢測方法之示意圖 置備同-玉作條件t係包含獅相板、相舰晶黏度及相同 液晶注入方式於綱工作溫度、綱工作贿、姻注射角、相 同大氣遷力等等相同客觀工作條件下，於第一基板5〇2上滴注一 滴付合標準值之液晶分子5G4，經過—設定的時間後，該液晶分 子504在第-基板5〇2上所纖形成之上視面積，利用一光學取 像裝置506 該液晶分子5〇4滴落時所紐形成之上視面積之 變化，並記錄其在相同溫度與濕度之工作環境控制下，該液晶分 子504之表面張力、黏致性、擴散速度與滴注之時間差利用運 鼻處理器_記錄鱗_紐面積之_係，其细之原職 所得公式說明如下： 、 參閱第五a圖獅，液體表祕力侧於邊長為靡的力為 _，若施加外力’使該液體面積增大至虛線所示的位置。*’、、 复如考慮液晶泡上半球的受力情形，參閱第五b圖所示·· ^中’ f。為大氣壓力作用於液晶料表面的合力； F為液晶泡内部作用力於内表面的合力； F為表面張力作用外表面的合力； 又’為液晶泡的半徑。 ^ 為液晶分子壓力； Ρα為大氣壓力； 由靜力平衡可得： (1)1289704 F=F0+Ff P X nr2 = JJj X έγ2 +2χ(γχ 2tct ) 當球泡内的空氣經由毛細管流出時，由白努利定律可得 (2) 由毛細管流出的空氣體積等於液晶泡所縮小的體積，即 (3) 式中A為毛細管的截面積。將（1)和（2)兩式代入(3)式，得1289704 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a method for detecting the occurrence of gravity mura of liquid crystal molecules of a liquid crystal display screen, and more particularly to controlling a liquid crystal display screen The liquid crystal content per unit area is detected, and the detection method of the gravity unevenness of the liquid crystal is avoided. [Prior Art] _ The liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD) is widely used in notebooks, personal digital assistants (PDAs), etc. because of its thin size, low power consumption, and no radiation pollution. On the information product, there is a tendency to gradually replace the CRT monitor; the liquid crystal display screen includes a lower substrate having a plurality of thin film transistors arranged in an array, pixel electrodes, and orthogonal to each other. a scan line (scan or gate line) and a signal line (data 0Γ signal line), an upper substrate having a color filter (c〇l〇r fiiter, CF), and a pad filled between the lower substrate and the upper substrate Liquid crystal material (numerous liquid crystal molecules), using thin film transistors arranged in a matrix, and suitable electronic components such as capacitors and transfer pads to drive liquid crystal pixels, can produce rich and beautiful graphics; wherein the upper substrate and the lower substrate can be Transparent glass substrate. For example, in the national patent publication No. 00583477 "method of controlling the liquid crystal volume to avoid gravity unevenness on the liquid crystal display screen", the liquid crystal molecular injection method of the liquid crystal display screen is a liquid crystal principle after the upper and lower glass substrates are paired. Slowly inhaling; see the first figure, which is a schematic diagram of a conventional liquid crystal injection process, wherein the liquid 5 1289704 crystal display screen 100 includes an upper substrate 1 〇 2 having a color filter (CF) and a thin film transistor The lower substrate 104 of the (TFT) is formed by aligning the upper substrate 1 〇 2 with the lower substrate 104 and hot-pressing (h〇t press), and then slowly sucking the liquid crystal in a vacuum chamber by capillary principle. Between the two substrates, the liquid crystal injection port is finally pressurized and sealed; the liquid crystal molecule injection method of the conventional liquid crystal display screen is very time consuming and wastes the liquid crystal, especially on the large-size liquid crystal display screen, which is uncomfortable. The liquid crystal injection method of the liquid crystal display screen is mostly made by the drip-injection process Lu (〇ne_Dr〇pFilling, hereinafter referred to as 0DF); as shown in the second figure, the drip-type injection process is The liquid crystal display screen 200 is formed by depositing liquid crystal on the lower substrate 204, and then performing alignment and assembly of the lower substrate 2〇4 and the upper substrate 2〇2 in the vacuum chamber, and placing it under atmospheric pressure. Ultraviolet (uv) illumination; this new process can significantly reduce the time required for liquid crystal injection and liquid crystal materials, especially in oversized panels. For example, in the case of a 30-inch panel, the conventional liquid crystal injection method takes about five days. The time is completed, while the 〇DF takes only five minutes and saves about 4% of the liquid crystal material. • Generally, for liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD), the liquid crystal molecules filled between the substrates are inclined to a lower position due to gravity, and the liquid crystal molecules filled between the substrates are likely to flow downward due to gravity. The liquid crystal display screen is poorly designed, causing problems of gravity mura. Among them, the photo spacer used to control the gap between the liquid crystal substrates is extremely important; see the third figure as ' The liquid crystal display screen of the liquid crystal display screen generates a gravity unevenness, wherein the liquid crystal display screen 300 includes an upper substrate 3〇2 having a color filter (CF) and a lower substrate 304 having a thin film transistor (TFT), and The substrate 302 and the lower substrate 304 1289704 are filled with liquid crystal molecules; and the photo spacer 306 formed at the upper substrate 302 is used to control the cell gap between the two substrates; generally speaking, good The photosensitive spacers are pushed up to the lower substrate 304, thereby extending the gap between the substrates. However, the photosensitive spacer has a different coefficient of thermal expansion from that of the liquid crystal, so in a subsequent high-temperature aging process, different degrees of expansion may cause the photosensitive spacer to fail to reach the lower substrate 304, causing the liquid crystal to flow downward due to gravity. , causing the phenomenon of gravity mura, not only affects the image quality of the liquid crystal display screen, but also shortens the service life of the liquid crystal display screen; therefore, the high sensibility of the photosensitive spacer will determine the amount of liquid crystal dropped. However, in the process detection method of the conventional drop-injection method (〇DF), a cross-sectional area when a liquid crystal molecule is dropped is photographed by using a semiconductor component such as a digital camera to record light changes, a photosensitive coupled device (CCD). Sampling, and calculating the volume (two-dimensional) of the liquid crystal to be instilled by the arithmetic processor to determine whether the liquid crystal is in a normal value; see the fourth figure, which is the contact between the conventional liquid and the liquid crystal substrate. A schematic diagram of the angle, measuring the contact angle of the liquid crystal molecule 404 when it drops on the liquid crystal substrate 402 (c〇ntactangle^, to obtain the liquid crystal Subvolume, and then according to the volume matching operation processor to adjust the volume of the sub-drop liquid crystal molecules. However, the conventional liquid crystal molecule detection method still has the following disadvantages: 1. Using the CCD to take up the cross-sectional area sampling of the liquid crystal molecules to perform the operation ratio Yes, it requires a powerful arithmetic processor, and it is very time consuming in operation, especially when it is 2 complex comparison or making large-sized panels. It is more inconvenient to use the CCD to take the cross-sectional area sampling of liquid crystal molecules to calculate the ratio. Yes, it is easy to cause the detection error of liquid crystal molecules due to the limitation of side view or CCD pickup angle. 1289704 3. Using the cross-sectional area of the liquid crystal molecules taken by the CCD to sample the parallel operation comparison, the operation time of the operation comparison is very long, It is unfavorable to carry out online real-time debt measurement _ne_(4)', so it is impossible to make instant feedback of liquid crystal correction for single-chip, front-end or front-end LCD display screens. [Summary] ^mbly) 'The last time it is placed under atmospheric pressure for ultraviolet (uv) Irradiation; wherein the knife pass "occurs in a certain temperature range, exists in the liquid region and the fuzzy region, and, if controlled If it is not good, curing will occur. Therefore, the liquid crystal molecules are dripped in the content of the liquid crystal substrate, and the balance of the liquid crystal molecules on the liquid crystal substrate must be maintained by the detector to complete the balance of the liquid crystal molecules on the liquid crystal substrate. (〇ne_Dr〇pFming, hereinafter referred to as (10)^ is a new technology for manufacturing liquid crystal substrates, such as small (four) panels for rapid response, MVA panels with high-quality mouthpieces, especially for large-panel TV products, using drip-type Injecting process technology can improve the time-consuming, low-yield and difficult-to-achieve difficulties. This drip-type/master-in-one system is first formed by liquid crystal molecules dripping on two liquid crystal substrates. The alignment and combination of the liquid crystal substrate (Zhan Ming Shen (5) Eight Ben & Ming's main purpose is to provide a method for detecting the unevenness of gravity of the liquid crystal display on the liquid crystal display screen, the liquid crystal substrate unit surface, the wire The content of crystal is detected in the same condition as the conditional towel, and the instillation conforms to the standard liquid crystal. Under the set _, the liquid crystal is dispersed on the first substrate to form a top view = accumulation test _ this (and then the first - the substrate is aligned with the second substrate, and the liquid is applied to the first substrate and the second substrate, and is converted into a standard 1297704 detection database by the detection and detects a photosensitive diffusion forming area, The liquid crystal molecule content of the first and second substrates is compared with the standard detection database; in addition, the present invention can be used to diffuse the front substrate liquid crystal on the liquid crystal substrate to form a top view area under the same working condition. The sample is tested and converted into a standard test database to facilitate detection of a photosensitive diffusion formation area, and an appropriate liquid crystal molecular content between the front and back batch substrates compared to the standard detection database. The secondary object of the present invention is to provide a detection method for avoiding the unevenness of gravity mura of a liquid crystal display curtain of a liquid crystal display screen, and controlling the liquid crystal display screen unit by an in-line monitor method. The detection of the amount of liquid crystal instilled in the area, the immediate feedback (fee (iback) correction for the appropriate liquid crystal molecular content between the first and second substrates or between the front and the back batch of substrates, to avoid the phenomenon of uneven gravity The time difference of the liquid crystal instillation can be adjusted to facilitate the control of the inspection process; the in-line monitor method can greatly reduce the detection cost and increase the product yield and competitiveness. The invention provides a detection method for avoiding the unevenness of gravity mura of liquid crystal molecules on a liquid crystal display screen, and the detection sample is established by the diffusion area (two-dimensional) of the liquid crystal on the first substrate, and is converted by the detection sample. The numerical analysis of the standard detection database can replace the detection values established by the conventional liquid crystal molecular volume (three-dimensional) to compare the empirical values. It is not necessary to calculate a powerful processor; and the detection sample of the present invention directly uses the diffusion area of the liquid crystal on the first substrate as a sampling target, so that no side view causes the same liquid crystal to be restricted by the CCD pickup angle, and further Interfering with the inspection error of each instillation liquid crystal dot; the standard inspection and deletion database can also be displayed on the display through the processing system, and the maximum and minimum error areas allowed in the display material 1279704 are convenient. The detection operator can easily and quickly know the abnormal phenomenon of the working liquid crystal molecules, and facilitate the detection operation in the process. The other object of the present invention is to provide a detection method for avoiding the gravity of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal display screen. When the diffusion area of the liquid crystal on the liquid crystal substrate is compared, the same liquid crystal injection amount can be used to detect whether or not the liquid crystal substrate in the working process is contaminated with oil and the like, which is difficult to visually observe. The invention avoids the gravity unevenness of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal display screen (gravity detection method, The ODF process is used to form liquid crystal molecules by instillation between two liquid crystal substrates. In order to avoid liquid crystal molecules and fuzzy regions formed by liquid crystal molecules in a certain temperature range, curing occurs due to carelessness. In the case where the liquid crystal molecules are dropped on the first substrate, in the same working condition, directly on the first substrate, the liquid crystal is taken up on the first substrate by optical sampling to form a top view area, and After the upper viewing area is a detection sample and converted into a standard detection database, the detection processor is used in conjunction with the arithmetic processor to detect whether the appropriate liquid crystal molecular content between the first and second substrates is appropriate, so that the liquid crystal can be maintained. The balance of the liquid crystal molecules on the substrate avoids the phenomenon of uneven gravity of the liquid crystal molecules; finally, after the alignment and assembly of the two liquid crystal substrates in the vacuum, the ultraviolet (uv) irradiation is performed under atmospheric pressure. The drip-injection process is a new technology for manufacturing liquid crystal substrates nowadays, especially for large-size liquid crystal products, except for large Low production time, but also saves about 40% of the liquid crystal material, sufficient to take 1,289,704 substituting conventional liquid crystal injection method. Referring to the fifth figure, the schematic diagram of the detection method of the liquid crystal molecules of the present invention is provided with the same conditions - the jade condition t system includes the lion phase plate, the phase ship crystal viscosity and the same liquid crystal injection method, the working temperature, the work bribe, the injection Under the same objective working conditions, such as the angle, the same atmospheric mobility, and the like, a drop of the liquid crystal molecule 5G4 of the standard value is dispensed onto the first substrate 5〇2, and after the set time, the liquid crystal molecule 504 is on the first substrate 5 The top surface of the fiber is formed on the crucible 2, and an optical imaging device 506 is used to form a change in the apparent area of the liquid crystal molecule 5〇4, and is recorded under the control of the working environment of the same temperature and humidity. The surface tension, the adhesion, the diffusion speed and the time difference of the liquid crystal molecules 504 are utilized by the nose processor _ record scale_new area _ system, the fine original formula is as follows: , see the fifth a diagram The lion, the liquid surface secret force side of the side is 靡, the force is _, if the external force is applied 'to increase the liquid area to the position shown by the dotted line. *', and if you consider the force of the upper hemisphere of the liquid crystal bubble, refer to the figure f in the figure b. The resultant force acting on the surface of the liquid crystal for atmospheric pressure; F is the resultant force of the internal force of the liquid crystal bubble on the inner surface; F is the resultant force of the outer surface of the surface tension; and the radius of the liquid crystal bubble. ^ is the molecular pressure of the liquid crystal; Ρα is the atmospheric pressure; obtained by static equilibrium: (1)1289704 F=F0+Ff PX nr2 = JJj X έγ2 +2χ(γχ 2tct ) When the air in the bulb flows out through the capillary, Available from the law of Bernoulli (2) The volume of air flowing out of the capillary is equal to the volume of the liquid crystal bubble, that is, (3) where A is the cross-sectional area of the capillary. Substituting (1) and (2) into equation (3),
f5/26^F5/26^
dt 將上式積分得 jr5/2drDt integrates the above formula to jr5/2dr
A \I/2 jdt 12 1289704A \I/2 jdt 12 1289704
1Λ\ J 依據上述原理’公式運算絲可獲—標準_樣本，且該標 準檢測樣本透過數位轉換後，可整合出符合需求之準檢測資料 庫；但’液晶分子5〇4通常會發生在某一溫度範圍内，存在於液態 區與模糊狀區，λ控制不佳時亦會發生固化的情形，因此，液晶 分子504可能存在以下之情況：糊狀區内熱擴散係數(thermal DIFFUSIVITY)比質量擴散係數大，糊狀區 會固化，其主要係受熱傳影響；利用〇DF(〇ne-Dr〇pFining)數學模 式之能量法及流場法作以下探討： (1)能量法1Λ\ J According to the above principle, the formula can be obtained as a standard _ sample, and the standard test sample can be integrated into the quasi-detection database according to the requirements through digital conversion; however, the liquid crystal molecule 5〇4 usually occurs in a certain In a temperature range, it exists in the liquid region and the fuzzy region, and the curing occurs when the λ is poorly controlled. Therefore, the liquid crystal molecules 504 may have the following conditions: thermal DIFFUSIVITY ratio mass in the mushy region The diffusion coefficient is large, and the mushy zone will be solidified, which is mainly affected by heat transfer. The energy method and flow field method of the mathematical model of 〇DF-〇r-Dr〇pFining are used to discuss the following: (1) Energy method
可視固相在模糊區為内部熱源GVisible solid phase in the fuzzy area as the internal heat source G
α=χΙ Λ 為固相容積比(solid volume fraction)α=χΙ Λ is the solid volume fraction
利用cliaiiimle可將方程式(1)改為Use cliaiiimle to change equation (1) to
其液相熱性質和因相容積比如τ ϋ+d-滿 （3) km=M+(i-m (4) 可推導出液晶在固態醞化.之熱傳導微分方程式如下The liquid phase thermal properties and the phase volume such as τ ϋ + d - full (3) km = M + (i-m (4) can be derived from the liquid crystal in the solid state. The differential equation of heat conduction is as follows
=▽•題 I；] (5) 可推導出液晶在模糊區/^之熱傳導微分方程式如下 ΘΤ 13 1289704 (7) ㈣ ⑼=▽•题I;] (5) It can be deduced that the differential equation of heat conduction in the fuzzy region/^ is as follows ΘΤ 13 1289704 (7) (4) (9)
可推導出液晶在液態區A之熱傳導微分方程式如下 • BT Θ蓄=，·刚] 交界面須滿足溫度連續和能量平衡It can be inferred that the differential equation of heat conduction of liquid crystal in liquid region A is as follows: • BT = = =, · just] interface must meet temperature continuity and energy balance
如下朗態與糊狀區之奍面條ί牛如下 l](x,y,z,t) = ν,ζ,Ι) = TM dn dn 其中《4為®化溫度時之因相容積Λ φ I為固化等溫線之#歸遴.度 為囡化等溫線之單位法向量 方程式(9)可知熱通量於此界面並不連續 (10) (η) 液態與糊狀區之界面4f绦件如T TJx^zif) = v,z,〇 =The following language and glutinous noodles are the following: l) (x, y, z, t) = ν, ζ, Ι) = TM dn dn where "4 is the phase volume of the temperature Λ φ I For the solidification isotherm, the degree is the unit normal vector equation (9) of the enthalpy isotherm. It can be seen that the heat flux is not continuous at this interface. (10) (η) The interface between the liquid and the mushy zone 4f绦Pieces such as T TJx^zif) = v,z,〇 =
km仏孝=G m dn 1 δη 方程式(11)表示液化等溫線上無潛熬釋放 φ所以熱通量是連績的 一般而言可假定液化或固化等溫線的移動速度與時間無關 VM = const f ~ camt 可依實際狀況分為若為等溫板塾下完全熱接處(perfect tberraai c:oota€0 x = 0 Γ=:ϊ； 或為熱對流之邊界 !=0 占二 hm 'αχ (12) (13) 其中 Λ 為熱對流係數(heat convection coefficient) (2)流場法 (14) 1289704 考慮動量方程式 p£L=Pg^p+i^2fKm仏孝=G m dn 1 δη Equation (11) indicates that there is no latent release φ on the liquefaction isotherm. Therefore, the heat flux is a continuous performance. Generally speaking, the movement speed of the liquefaction or solidification isotherm is independent of time. VM = Const f ~ camt can be divided into the isothermal plate under the actual hot conditions (perfect tberraai c: oota € 0 x = 0 Γ =: ϊ; or the boundary of heat convection! = 0 hm hm ' χ (12) (13) where Λ is the heat convection coefficient (2) flow field method (14) 1289704 Consider the momentum equation p£L=Pg^p+i^2f
Dt 可改寫為 dm 5m -*# J dm 1 噹？ — e 1%丨 .di Μ. , Ί 1 v — * X 1 p dx dw dw aw ^d2w dt hM dx +’— =V ¥： 5½ w 方程式(16)為擴韻：方程式 (16) (15) 擴散傳輪率(diffbsive transport) &可表為 (17) (18) dw φ 其中Ζ>為擴散係數 因為液膜表面無質通量所以 _ . dS 、 1 Λ "^一1;) 一厶]一 表面張力方面 銳設液膜厚度遠小於曲率半徑 其次假設表面張力或壓力I弟度 •的改變乃由於曲率半徑的變化所ϋ成 故表面張力可表為 竺 (19) & dx R It δχ +表沒膜外張力·，-表液膜内張力，及為曲率半徑，cr為表面張力 討論橢圓座標(r肩鎢直角座標的互換，與表面切線和水平方向夾角為參 r2 cos2 Θ r1 sin2 θ ^ __ 15 1289704 #=〇 時χ = 0 (21) 以橢圓中心量至橢圓表面距離Γ可表為 r = ab/a2 sin2 θ + b2 cos2 θ (22) 橢圓離心率為 P 士 Φ2 ㈣ 由方輕式(23)代入(23) Γ = a[(l - ^2) /(1 - e1 €〇s2 ^)]1'1 (24) 其中由幾何關係上發現 tailφ = (a/b)2 tanΘ = tanΘ/(1 -e2) (25) 所以橢圓上微小孤長办 dx- ΓάθίοοΒζφ - 0) = ^(1 - ^2)ί/^/(1 - sin2 ⑽ 積分方程式Ρ6)可得曲率半徑 及= α(1—#2)尊一#sin2#30 (27) 重力加速度在橢圓液膜表面因曲率變化而改變 裒(_ =終❹-_ 篡sin-2 (28) 方程式(27)和(28)代入方程式(19)可得Dt can be rewritten as dm 5m -*# J dm 1 when? — e 1%丨.di Μ. , Ί 1 v — * X 1 p dx dw dw aw ^d2w dt hM dx +' — =V ¥: 51⁄2 w Equation (16) is the expansion: Equation (16) (15 The diffuse transfer rate (diffbsive transport) & can be expressed as (17) (18) dw φ where Ζ> is the diffusion coefficient because the liquid film surface has no mass flux _ . dS , 1 Λ "^1; A surface tension in sharp surface film thickness is much smaller than the radius of curvature. Secondly, the change in surface tension or pressure I is due to the change in radius of curvature. The surface tension can be expressed as 竺(19) & dx R It δχ + surface without film tension, - surface liquid film tension, and the radius of curvature, cr is the surface tension discussion ellipse coordinates (r shoulder tungsten right angle coordinates interchange, and the surface tangent and horizontal angle is the reference r2 cos2 Θ r1 sin2 θ ^ __ 15 1289704 #=〇时χ = 0 (21) The distance from the ellipse center to the elliptical surface Γ can be expressed as r = ab/a2 sin2 θ + b2 cos2 θ (22) elliptic eccentricity is P Φ2 (4) Substituting the square (23) into (23) Γ = a[(l - ^2) /(1 - e1 €〇s2 ^)]1'1 (24) where the geometric relationship between tailφ = (a /b)2 TanΘ = tanΘ/(1 -e2) (25) So the micro-orphan on the ellipse dx- ΓάθίοοΒζφ - 0) = ^(1 - ^2)ί/^/(1 - sin2 (10) the integral equation Ρ6) can get the radius of curvature And = α(1—#2) Zunyi #sin2#30 (27) Gravity acceleration changes on the surface of the elliptical liquid film due to curvature changes (_ = final ❹-_ 篡sin-2 (28) equation (27) and (28) Substituting equation (19)
dp ? 1 - sin2 φ ：±Dp ? 1 - sin2 φ :±
2aJ 1-r ski(2_ (29) :pgB補 ^丄m , 1 3^2 l-#2 sill2 . X、 其中 = 土 ^-―；ρ(·~-~Τ«^Γ siii(2#)2aJ 1-r ski(2_ (29) :pgB complement ^丄m , 1 3^2 l-#2 sill2 . X, where = soil ^-―; ρ(·~-~Τ«^Γ siii(2# )
Bo 2 l — e ij Bo — pga1! σ du dv Λ & By 其連續與能量方程式如下 (3〇) 16 1289704 dT dT u——+v—~ - & ·一 a2r a—T- (31) 邊界條件為 y =： 〇 μ * =¥ = 0 (32) y m u =0 (33) U = M揪=0 Γ-Ι：(χ) W = 1^ (34)Bo 2 l — e ij Bo — pga1! σ du dv Λ & By its continuous and energy equation is as follows (3〇) 16 1289704 dT dT u——+v—~ - & ·a a2r a-T- (31 The boundary condition is y =: 〇μ * =¥ = 0 (32) ymu =0 (33) U = M揪=0 Γ-Ι:(χ) W = 1^ (34)
利用公式運算結果得之標準檢測樣本後，接著，至少偵測一 感光型擴散形成面積，與標準檢測資料庫進行比對檢測，可得該 第一基板502間適當之液晶分子504含量。 參閱第六圖所示，為本發明液晶分子之檢測方法之實施例 圖’當置備同一工作條件中，包含相同基板、相同液晶黏度及相 同液晶注入方式於相同工作溫度、相同工作溼度、相同注射角、 相同大氣壓力等等相同客觀工作條件下，第一基板5〇2上滴注一排 狀符合標準值之液晶分子5〇4，經過一設定的時間後，該排狀液晶 分子504在第一基板5〇2上所擴散形成之上視面積，利用複數組光 肇學取像裝置506記錄該排狀液晶分子5〇4滴落時所擴散形成之上視 面積之變化’並記錄其在相同溫度與濕度之工作環境控制下，該 排狀液晶分子504之表面張力、黏致性、擴散速度與滴注之時間， 利用運异處理器600記錄其時間與擴散面積之間關係，依據運算結 果可獲一標準檢測樣本，且該標準檢測樣本透過數位轉換後，可 整合出符合需求之準檢測資料庫；利用此排狀液晶分子5〇4所產生 之準檢測資料庫可得次排該第一基板5〇2間適當之液晶分子5〇4含 量。 17 1289704 同時，本發明更可於生產線上配合運算處理器600進行線上即 時偵測(in-line monitor)，隨時調整液晶分子5〇4滴注之時間差，且 以針對苐一基板502間適當之液晶分子5〇4含量進行即時回饋(feed back)之修正，方便控制其檢驗流程，避免產生重力不均之現象， 故可大幅降低檢測成本，同時增加產品良率與競爭力。 綜上所述，雖然本發明已較佳實施例揭露如上，然其並非用 以限定本發明，任何熟習此技藝者，在不脫離本發明之精神和範 圍内，當可作各種之更動與潤飾，因此本發明之保護範圍當視後 附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 18 1289704 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖為習知液晶注入製程之示意圖。 第二圖為滴下式注入製程之示意圖。 第二圖為習知液晶分子重力不均之示意圖。 第四圖為習知液晶分子與液晶基板之接觸角之示意圖。 第五圖為本發明液晶分子之檢測方法之示意圖。 苐五a虜為本發明液晶分子之檢測方法原理說明示意圖之— • ^五b扇為本發明液晶分子之檢測方法原理說明示意圖之二 第六圖為本發明液晶分子之檢測方法之實施例圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1〇〇液晶顯示螢幕 102上基板 104下基板 200液晶顯示螢幕 # 202上基板 204下基板 300液晶顯示螢幕 302上基板 304下基板 306感光型間隔物 402液晶基板 404液晶分子 1289704 500液晶顯不榮幕 502第一基板 504液晶分子 506光學取像裝置 600運算處理器After the sample is detected by the standard calculation result, at least one photosensitive diffusion forming area is detected and compared with the standard detection database, and the appropriate liquid crystal molecule 504 content between the first substrate 502 can be obtained. Referring to the sixth embodiment, the embodiment of the method for detecting liquid crystal molecules of the present invention is shown in the same working condition, including the same substrate, the same liquid crystal viscosity and the same liquid crystal injection mode at the same working temperature, the same working humidity, and the same injection. Under the same objective working conditions, such as the angle, the same atmospheric pressure, etc., a row of liquid crystal molecules 5〇4 conforming to the standard value is dripped on the first substrate 5〇2, and after a set time, the liquid crystal molecules 504 are in the first The top view area is diffused on a substrate 5〇2, and the change in the apparent area of the diffused liquid crystal molecules 5〇4 is recorded by the complex array optical imaging device 506 and recorded in Under the control of the working environment of the same temperature and humidity, the surface tension, the adhesion, the diffusion speed and the time of the instillation of the liquid crystal molecules 504 are recorded by the different processor 600 to record the relationship between the time and the diffusion area. As a result, a standard test sample can be obtained, and the standard test sample can be integrated into a quasi-detection database that meets the requirements through digital conversion; The quasi-detection database generated by sub-5〇4 can obtain a suitable liquid crystal molecule 5〇4 content between the first substrate 5〇2. 17 1289704 At the same time, the present invention can be used in the production line to perform an in-line monitor with the operation processor 600, and adjust the time difference of the liquid crystal molecules 5〇4 instillation at any time, and suitable for the substrate 502. The 5〇4 content of the liquid crystal molecules is corrected by the feed back, which facilitates the control of the inspection process and avoids the phenomenon of uneven gravity. Therefore, the detection cost can be greatly reduced, and the product yield and competitiveness can be increased. In the above, although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, it is not intended to limit the invention, and various modifications and refinements can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims. 18 1289704 [Simple description of the diagram] The first figure is a schematic diagram of a conventional liquid crystal injection process. The second figure is a schematic diagram of the dropping type injection process. The second figure is a schematic diagram of the gravity unevenness of the conventional liquid crystal molecules. The fourth figure is a schematic diagram of the contact angle between a conventional liquid crystal molecule and a liquid crystal substrate. The fifth figure is a schematic view of a method for detecting liquid crystal molecules of the present invention.苐五虏 is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the detection method of the liquid crystal molecules of the present invention - • ^5 b fan is the schematic diagram of the principle of detecting the liquid crystal molecules of the present invention. The sixth figure is an embodiment of the method for detecting liquid crystal molecules of the present invention. . [Main component symbol description] 1 〇〇 liquid crystal display screen 102 upper substrate 104 lower substrate 200 liquid crystal display screen # 202 upper substrate 204 lower substrate 300 liquid crystal display screen 302 upper substrate 304 lower substrate 306 photosensitive spacer 402 liquid crystal substrate 404 liquid crystal molecules 1289704 500 liquid crystal display screen 502 first substrate 504 liquid crystal molecules 506 optical imaging device 600 arithmetic processor
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