TWI276726B - A ceramic element for floors and/or coverings - Google Patents

A ceramic element for floors and/or coverings Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI276726B
TWI276726B TW093108860A TW93108860A TWI276726B TW I276726 B TWI276726 B TW I276726B TW 093108860 A TW093108860 A TW 093108860A TW 93108860 A TW93108860 A TW 93108860A TW I276726 B TWI276726 B TW I276726B
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TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
component
edge
layer
elements
bottom layer
Prior art date
Application number
TW093108860A
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Chinese (zh)
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TW200502472A (en
Inventor
Franco Gozzi
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System Spa
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Publication of TW200502472A publication Critical patent/TW200502472A/en
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Publication of TWI276726B publication Critical patent/TWI276726B/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
    • E04F13/142—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of ceramics or clays
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/09—Puzzle-type connections for interlocking male and female panel edge-parts
    • E04F2201/091—Puzzle-type connections for interlocking male and female panel edge-parts with the edge-parts forming part of the panel body
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/09—Puzzle-type connections for interlocking male and female panel edge-parts
    • E04F2201/095—Puzzle-type connections for interlocking male and female panel edge-parts with both connection parts, i.e. male and female connection parts alternating on one edge
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2203/00—Specially structured or shaped covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for
    • E04F2203/06—Specially structured or shaped covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for comprising two layers fixedly secured to one another, in offset relationship in order to form a rebate

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)

Abstract

The ceramic element comprises a top layer delimited by edges which define a visible border of the element, a bottom layer delimited by shaped edges which define a shaped border which is formed by a plurality of projecting tabs regularly alternated with recesses predisposed so that each side of the element can be coupled with a side or a portion of a side of a further element, by a snug coupling in which a single projecting tab of the element is inserted snugly in a corresponding recess of an adjacent element. The tab is predisposed to come into contact with the recess at relative sides of the element. The shaped edges define a border line which, for each side, is flat and comprised in a strip formed by two united border lines which strip is arranged parallel to a corresponding border. Geometrical tangents at any point of the sides form, with a longitudinal axis of the strip arranged parallel to the border, angles of 45 DEG or less.

Description

1276726 坎、發明說明： 【韻^明所屬之^技糊"領域】 發明領域 本發明係有關於一種地板及/或屋頂用陶瓷元件。更 5詳言之，但非限制地說，該元件可應用於以大尺寸及細薄 平板所製成的舖置地板或屋頂之領域。 發明背景 以大而薄型式之平板，其相較於其他尺寸來說具有較 10 薄的深度，可具有特定程度的彎曲彈性變形特性，且因將 其平準化困難而不易舖置。並且，使平板相互接近以構成 任何裝飾時需要在舖層的人具特定的能力且需要特別的注 意。 於木質地板領域中，習知教示有概呈小塊之元件，其 15側部呈現凸片形式之凸出部件，與預設之凹入部件規律地 交互間隔設置，以致於該等側部處該等元件可與***及接 合於對應凹入部件内之凸片連接。文獻US 4090338詳述類 似之木質地板用之元件。 然而，此種元件無法使用在當以不具有彈性變形能力 20 之材質製成者，其為木材的特性，因彈性變形能力才能使 安裝期間可作必要之調整。 【發明内容】 發明概要 本發明之目的在於排除習知之限制及缺失。 1276726 本發明之進一步目的在於提供一種地板及/或屋頂用 陶瓷元件，其特徵在於相對於其深度具有較大的尺寸，且 可非常輕易且精確地舖置而舖層的人無須任何的特殊能 力。 5 本發明之一優點在於在舖置期間平板可自動平準化。 本發明之進一步優點在於可輕易且準確地舖置浮式地 板。 本發明將可完全達到這些及其他目的及優點，如申請 專利範圍所具有之特徵。 10 圖式簡單說明 本發明之進一步特徵及優點將由以下本發明之較佳但 非作為限制的實施例詳細說明而得以瞭解，以下參考圖式 僅用以作非限制例示之說明，其中： 第1圖是顯示本發明之示意平面圖； 15 第2圖是根據第1圖剖線I-Ι之示意剖視圖； 第3圖是以連結本發明的元件所製成之地板之部分示 意平面圖； 第4圖是於舖置作業期間地板之部分示意平面圖；及 第5圖是另一實施例於舖置作業期間地板之部分示意 20 平面圖。 L實方包方式】 較佳實施例之詳細說明 配合參考圖式所示，1表示地板及/或屋頂用陶瓷元 件，其是由一頂層2，其以邊緣20限定，該等邊緣20界定 1276726 一可見邊界，及一底層3，其以成形邊緣30限定，該等成 形邊緣30界定一成形邊界，該成形邊界是由數個凸出凸片 31所形成，該等凸片31與凹部32規律地交互設置。 於所述實施例中，該頂層2及該底層3是由陶瓷材料之 5 —第一及一第二薄平板藉一層黏膠4黏合一起所構成。該 頂層2是以第一薄層之高品質陶瓷材料所形成，其是指定 為該元件之可視表面，且其可作多種裝飾。該底層3通常 是以第二薄層之高品質陶瓷材料所形成，其較不具美觀， 因其是作為支撐用且位於不可視之處。 10 強化纖維可插設於該黏膠層内，其纖維具有增加該元 件1整體機械性能之目的。 與該等凹部32規律地交互設置之該等凸出凸片31是預 先設置，以致於該元件1之各側部可藉緊密連結與另一元 件1的側部或側部一部分連結，其中該元件1之單一凸出凸 15 片31被緊密***於另一相鄰元件1之對應凹部32内。 該等凸出凸片31被預先設置以與至少於其相對側處之 該等凹部32相接觸。 界定成形邊界之該等成形邊緣30亦界定一線作為各側 部，該線是平直的且包含於一由二邊界所構成之狹長部 20 中，該狹長部是以平行於對應邊緣20方式配置。 於該等邊界各點處之幾何切線，與以平行該元件1的 邊緣20方式所配置之該狹長部的縱向軸，形成45°或更小 的角度。 界定該背側3的成形邊界之該等成形邊緣3 0宜為彎曲 1276726 者0 更特別地，各成形邊緣30，其限定該背側3且由與凹 部32規律地交互設置的接續之凸出凸片31所構成，具有彎 曲正弦曲線形狀，其是由定義其曲線的週期振幅參數比 5 (period-amplitude parameter ratio)決定其幾何形狀。 於該元件1之各側部上，該曲線是包含於一由二元件1 的結合體所構成之狹長部中，該狹長部是以平行對應邊緣 20方式配置，且以所界定之參數為特徵，以致於其凹陷處 之變化點内曲線之幾何切線，與以平行該對應邊緣2〇方式 10配置之該狹長部的縱向軸，可形成45°或更小的角度。此 幾何上的細部非常重要，因其決定於安裝作業期間可用及 所需之活動範圍以可在無困難之下結合該等元件工。 此h况如苐4圖所示，其顯示如何將第四元件1以非嚴 袼需要的由箭頭A所指之插人方向連結於已組裝好的三個 15元件1上。小於45。之切線傾斜意指只有當該第四元件丨之 ***已經完成時，該第四元件丨之凸出凸片31及凹部％之 側部之間，與其他已組裝元件丨的凹部％及凸片Η之側部 才接觸、、々&才可形成。该等元件丨，其於所示實施例是方 型的，可使用簡單程序來連結，其是迅速的且可使該等元 2〇件相互精確居中及定位，而無需外加輔助手段裝置。更特 別也此連、、可以絕對準確方式達到，此係因該等底層3 的成形邊緣3〇之連結可製造該等頂層2的邊緣20之自動且 精確之定位。 猎由相對於該底層3正確地定尺寸及定位，各邊緣 1276726 (於該頂層2)可相對於對應的成形邊緣30 (於該底層3) 定位，以致於接在該背侧3與另一元件1的成形邊緣30連結 之後，會形成一預定距離於二元件1之二相互面向邊緣20 之間。 5 此距離界定通常陶瓷磚舖置時於陶瓷磚之間的空間。 於本發明中，此空間是藉由陶瓷磚的作用自動產生而無需 任何外加輔助手段裝置（間隔體等）。 於本發明另一實施例，作為成形邊緣之成形邊緣30並 非正弦曲線形之波浪形狀，而為簡單的破折線作為該元件 10 1之各侧部，其是恆為平直的且包含於一狹長部内，該狹 長部是以平行於對應邊緣20的方式配置。 於此例中該等凸出凸片31及對應凹部32之平直側部， 與以平行該邊緣20方式配置之該狹長部的縱向軸，形成45。 或更小的角度。 15 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖是顯示本發明之示意平面圖； 第2圖是根據第1圖剖線I-Ι之示意剖視圖； 第3圖是以連結本發明的元件所製成之地板之部分示 意平面圖； 20 第4圖是於舖置作業期間地板之部分示意平面圖；及 第5圖是另一實施例於舖置作業期間地板之部分示意 平面圖。 9 1276726 【圖式之主要元件代表符號表】 1…地板及/或屋頂用陶瓷元件 2…頂層 3…底層 4…黏膠 20…邊緣 30…成形邊緣 31…凸片 32…凹部 10BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ceramic component for flooring and/or roofing. More specifically, but without limitation, the element can be applied to the field of laying floors or roofs made of large size and thin flat sheets. Background of the Invention A large, thin-type flat plate having a relatively thin depth compared to other dimensions, has a certain degree of flexural elastic deformation characteristics, and is not easy to lay due to difficulty in leveling it. Also, the fact that the panels are close to each other to constitute any decoration requires a specific ability in the laminate and requires special attention. In the field of wood flooring, it is conventionally taught that there are generally small components, the 15 sides of which are in the form of tabs, which are regularly spaced apart from the predetermined recessed components so that they are at the sides. The elements can be coupled to tabs that are inserted into and engaged with corresponding recessed features. Document US 4090338 details components similar to wood flooring. However, such a component cannot be used in a material that does not have an elastic deformation ability 20, which is a property of wood, and the elastic deformation ability can make necessary adjustments during installation. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to obviate the limitations and disadvantages of the prior art. 1276726 A further object of the present invention is to provide a ceramic component for flooring and/or roofing characterized by a person having a relatively large size relative to its depth and which can be laid very easily and accurately without any special abilities. 5 One of the advantages of the present invention is that the panel can be automatically leveled during placement. A further advantage of the present invention is that the floating floor can be easily and accurately laid. These and other objects and advantages will be fully attained by the present invention, as set forth in the appended claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The following is a description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line I-Ι of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a partially schematic plan view of a floor made by joining elements of the present invention; Is a schematic plan view of a portion of the floor during the laying operation; and Figure 5 is a partial plan view of the floor portion of the other embodiment during the laying operation. L solid package mode] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT As shown in the reference figure, 1 denotes a ceramic element for a floor and/or roof, which is defined by a top layer 2 defined by an edge 20 defining 1276726 a visible boundary, and a bottom layer 3 defined by a shaped edge 30 defining a forming boundary formed by a plurality of protruding tabs 31, the tabs 31 and the recess 32 being regular Interactive settings. In the embodiment, the top layer 2 and the bottom layer 3 are formed by bonding a first layer of a ceramic material and a second thin sheet by a layer of adhesive 4. The top layer 2 is formed from a first thin layer of high quality ceramic material designated as the visible surface of the component and which can be decorated in a variety of ways. The bottom layer 3 is typically formed from a second thin layer of high quality ceramic material that is less aesthetically pleasing because it is used as a support and is invisible. 10 The reinforcing fibers can be inserted into the adhesive layer, and the fibers have the purpose of increasing the overall mechanical properties of the component 1. The protruding tabs 31 regularly interposed with the recesses 32 are pre-arranged such that the sides of the component 1 can be joined to the side or side portions of the other component 1 by a tight connection, wherein The single convex projection 15 of the element 1 is tightly inserted into the corresponding recess 32 of the other adjacent element 1. The projecting tabs 31 are predisposed to be in contact with the recesses 32 at at least opposite sides thereof. The shaped edges 30 defining the forming boundaries also define a line as the side portions which are straight and are contained in an elongated portion 20 formed by two boundaries which are arranged parallel to the corresponding edge 20 . The geometric tangent at each of the boundary points forms an angle of 45 or less with the longitudinal axis of the elongate portion disposed parallel to the edge 20 of the element 1. The contoured edges 30 defining the forming boundary of the back side 3 are preferably curved 1276726. 0 more particularly, each forming edge 30 defining the back side 3 and being spliced by successive projections that interact with the recess 32 The tab 31 is formed to have a curved sinusoidal shape which is determined by a period-amplitude parameter ratio defining its curve. On each side of the element 1, the curve is included in an elongate portion formed by a combination of two elements 1, which are arranged in parallel corresponding edges 20 and characterized by defined parameters Thus, the geometric tangent of the curve within the point of change of the depression, and the longitudinal axis of the elongate portion disposed in parallel with the corresponding edge 2 〇 10, can form an angle of 45° or less. This geometric detail is important because it determines the range of activities available and required during the installation operation to allow the components to be combined without difficulty. This h condition is shown in Fig. 4, which shows how the fourth element 1 is joined to the assembled three 15 elements 1 in a direction that is not strictly required by the arrow A. Less than 45. The tangential tilt means that only when the insertion of the fourth component 已经 has been completed, between the convex tab 31 and the side of the recessed portion of the fourth component ,, and the recessed portion % and the tab of the other assembled component 丨Only the side of the Η can be contacted, 々 & The components, which are square in the illustrated embodiment, can be joined using a simple procedure that is rapid and allows the elements to be accurately centered and positioned relative to one another without the need for additional aid means. More particularly, this can be achieved in an absolutely accurate manner by the automatic and precise positioning of the edges 20 of the top layers 2 due to the joining of the formed edges 3 of the bottom layers 3. The hunts are properly sized and positioned relative to the bottom layer 3, and the edges 1276726 (in the top layer 2) are positionable relative to the corresponding forming edge 30 (on the bottom layer 3) such that the back side 3 is attached to the other After the shaped edges 30 of the elements 1 are joined, a predetermined distance is formed between the two elements 1 facing each other. 5 This distance defines the space between the ceramic tiles when the ceramic tiles are laid. In the present invention, this space is automatically generated by the action of ceramic tiles without any additional aid means (spacers, etc.). In another embodiment of the present invention, the formed edge 30 as a shaped edge is not a sinusoidal wave shape, but a simple broken line is used as each side of the element 10 1 , which is always straight and included in one Within the elongate portion, the elongate portion is disposed parallel to the corresponding edge 20. In this example, the flat sides of the projection tabs 31 and the corresponding recesses 32 are formed 45 with the longitudinal axis of the elongate portion disposed parallel to the edge 20. Or smaller angles. 15 is a schematic plan view showing the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line I-Ι of FIG. 1; and FIG. 3 is a floor made by joining the elements of the present invention. Partial schematic plan view; 20 Figure 4 is a partial schematic plan view of the floor during the laying operation; and Figure 5 is a partial plan view of the floor of another embodiment during the laying operation. 9 1276726 [The main components of the diagram represent the symbol table] 1...The ceramic components for the floor and/or roof 2...The top layer 3...The bottom layer 4...The adhesive 20...The edge 30...The forming edge 31...The tab 32...The recess 10

Claims (1)

1276726 拾、申請專利範圍： 5 10 15 20 種地板及/或屋頂用陶兗元件，包括一以邊緣限定之 頂層’該等邊緣界定該元件之可視邊界，及一以成形邊 緣限定之底層，該等成形邊緣界定一成形邊界，該成形 邊界是以數個凸出凸片所形成，該等凸出凸片與預先設 置的凹部規律地交互設置，以致於該元件之各側可藉緊 密連結與另一元件的一側部或一側部之一部分連結，其 中該元件之一單一凸出凸片被緊密***於一相鄰元件之 對應凹部内，其中該凸片是預先設置以與至少於二或更 多之元件的側部處之凹部相接觸；該成形邊界呈現一邊 界線，其是平直的，且當二元件配設一起時，於二元件 之間形成一狹長部，該狹長部是以平行於該等元件的頂 表面之邊界平行的方式配置；於該邊界線之任何點 成之幾何⑽，與以平行該等邊界配置之該狹長部的縱 向軸，形成45。或更小的角度。 2·如申請專利範圍第！項所述之元件，其中限定該底層， 且以接續凸出凸片與凹部規律地交互設置所構成之:成 形邊緣具有正弦曲線形之波浪構形。 3·如申請專利範圍第2項所述之元件，其中該項層的各邊 緣是相對於該底層的對應成形邊緣定位，接在該底層與 另—兀件的成形邊緣連結之後，會形成—财距離於該 一兀件之二相互面向之邊緣之間。 曱4專利範圍第2項或第3項所述之元件， 曲線形之波浪形狀是由定義該正弦轉形之波㈣線形 11 1276726 狀之大的週期振幅比(period-amplitude ratio)所決定。 5. 如申請專利範圍第2項或第3項所述之元件，其中該頂層 及該底層是由陶瓷材料之一第一及一第二薄平板藉一層 黏膠黏合-起所構成；該頂層是以第—薄層之高品質陶 究材料所形成，其是指定為該元件之可縣面，且其可 作多種裝飾；該底層是以第二薄狀mi材料所 形成，其品質是足以作為構成支撐。 6. 如申請專利範圍第5項所述之元件，其中該黏膠層内可 包含強化纖維，其具有增加該元件整體機械性能的功 t申請專利範圍第5項所述之元件，其中以使該正弦曲 線的波浪曲㈣其凹陷處之變化點上的㈣之幾何切 ^與以平行該邊緣方式配置之該狹長部的 15 更小的W式，來決定肋定義該曲狀 121276726 Pickup, patent application scope: 5 10 15 20 kinds of floor and/or roof ceramic elements, including a top layer defined by edges, the edges define the visible boundary of the element, and a bottom layer defined by the shaped edge, The forming edge defines a forming boundary formed by a plurality of protruding tabs that regularly interact with the pre-set recesses such that the sides of the component can be tightly coupled One side or one side of the other component is partially joined, wherein a single protruding tab of the component is tightly inserted into a corresponding recess of an adjacent component, wherein the tab is preset to be at least two Or the recesses at the sides of the more elements are in contact; the forming boundary presents a boundary line which is straight, and when the two elements are disposed together, a narrow portion is formed between the two elements, the elongated portion is Arranged parallel to the boundary of the top surface of the elements; at any point of the boundary line, the geometry (10), and the longitudinal axis of the elongate portion disposed parallel to the boundary, 45. Or smaller angles. 2. If you apply for a patent range! The component of the item, wherein the bottom layer is defined, and is formed by successively engaging the protruding tabs and the recesses in a regular manner: the shaped edges have a sinusoidal wave configuration. 3. The component of claim 2, wherein each edge of the layer is positioned relative to a corresponding shaped edge of the bottom layer, and after the bottom layer is joined to the formed edge of the other member, the edge is formed - The wealth is between the edges of the two elements facing each other. In the element described in item 2 or item 3 of the patent scope, the curved wave shape is determined by a period-amplitude ratio which defines the shape of the sinusoidal shape (four) linear shape 11 1276726. 5. The component of claim 2, wherein the top layer and the bottom layer are formed by bonding one of the first and second thin plates of the ceramic material with a layer of adhesive; It is formed by a high-quality ceramic material of the first-thin layer, which is designated as the county surface of the component, and can be made of various decorations; the bottom layer is formed by the second thin mi material, and the quality is sufficient As a constituent support. 6. The component of claim 5, wherein the adhesive layer comprises a reinforcing fiber having an element as described in item 5 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the component is increased in mechanical properties. The sinusoidal curve (4) is geometrically cut at the point of change of the depression, and is smaller than the shape of the narrow portion 15 arranged parallel to the edge to determine the rib defining the curve 12
TW093108860A 2003-04-11 2004-03-31 A ceramic element for floors and/or coverings TWI276726B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000103A ITMO20030103A1 (en) 2003-04-11 2003-04-11 CERAMIC ELEMENT FOR FLOORS AND / OR COVERINGS.

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TW200502472A TW200502472A (en) 2005-01-16
TWI276726B true TWI276726B (en) 2007-03-21

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IT (1) ITMO20030103A1 (en)
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ES2325714B1 (en) * 2007-06-06 2010-06-21 Insca Stp, S.L. TILE FOR COATING AND / OR PAVING.
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US20090123692A1 (en) * 2007-11-14 2009-05-14 Modular Arts, Inc. Self-aligning modular, raised panels and an assembly system thereof
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ITMO20080330A1 (en) 2008-12-24 2010-06-25 Mariano Paganelli PROCEDURE FOR REALIZING HIGH RESISTANCE TILES FOR THE COATING OF FLOORS AND WALLS, INSIDE OR OUTSIDE.
ITMI20090685A1 (en) * 2009-04-22 2010-10-23 Milano Parquet S R L MODULAR ELEMENT FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF SELF-SUPPORTING FLOORS
WO2011003222A1 (en) * 2009-07-09 2011-01-13 Wang Yong Splicing type wall/floor tile and wall/floor structure assembled thereby
DE102011004893A1 (en) * 2011-03-01 2012-09-06 Hans Meyer Composite panel, connector and installation system, and method of making a composite panel

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US3657852A (en) * 1969-09-15 1972-04-25 Walter J Worthington Floor tiles
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DE10144801A1 (en) * 2001-09-06 2003-03-27 Debolon Dessauer Bodenbelaege Flat covering element for floors forms a section that can be assembled with other sections and has minimum two layers

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TW200502472A (en) 2005-01-16
ITMO20030103A0 (en) 2003-04-11
EP1613820A1 (en) 2006-01-11
ITMO20030103A1 (en) 2004-10-12

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