TWI273442B - Method for determining a moving object entering a specific geographic zone, and recording medium having software programs for executing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for determining a moving object entering a specific geographic zone. The method reads a representative point coordinate Tn of each geographic zone and a current position coordinate Pc of the moving object; calculates a relative distance between each other; selects a specific geographic zone Zs having a relative distance Ds less than a specific distance D; reads n endpoint coordinates of the specific geographic zone Zs; calculates a vector Vm from the current position coordinate Pc of the moving object to each of the n endpoint coordinates; according to a counterclockwise or clockwise direction, processes cross product to the above n vectors Vm to obtain n normal vectors Um; then sequentially processes dot product to the above n normal vectors Um to obtain n-1 dot values. If n-1 dot values are all positive values or negative values, it is confirmed that the moving object has entered the specific geographic zone Zs.

Description

1273442 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於-種移動體進入特定地理區域之判斷方 法及載有能執行上述方法步驟之軟體程式之記_體，尤 指一種適用於判斷一移動體是否已進入一特定之電子收費 地理區域的判斷方法。 、 【先前技術】 隨著與曰倶增的車輛問題，政府為了提昇道路的管理 糸統與使㈣效率，將傳統的運輸系統改為智慧型的運輸 ^統。例如，將把傳統的人卫㈣方歧採為機器自動收 15 的方式’亦即俗稱之電子收費系統(electronic toll correction system，ETC system)。一般機器自動收費的方式 是在南速公路的兩側道路各裝設有—感測器，當車輛進入 設定的感測範圍内’且感測器谓測到有車輛通過時，即發 出-债測訊號並傳送此訊號給裝設於收費站的電腦***。 當電，系統接㈣此訊號後，微處理器進行地理區域判斷 的運算處理、及車輛是否進人此地理區域内的判斷運算處 理。如果此兩個判斷運算處理經微處理科算得到的運算 值都符合預設的判斷值，則電腦系統下達準備收費的命： 給自動收費機器' Μ不^、,叙判斷方法中的地理區域之形狀是事先已經 規範好的’並儲存於印倍雜士 ， ^ 、。己L體中。而判斷車輛是否已進入地 理區域之。十开方法疋以長方形之四個端點座標甲之每一端 點與車輛所在的位置作運算。如果地理區域之形狀變更為 5 1273442 五邊形或者其他n邊形的形狀，則需要變更車輛在地理區域 内的判斷方法，相當不便。此外，當地理區域為一内凹的 形狀或者交又的形狀時，習知之判斷計算方法會產生運算 。吳差例如貫際上車輛的所在位置位於内凹處外，但是經 過微處理器運算處理得到的判斷結果會將車輛誤判為已進 入地理區域内。因此，本發明針對這些問題作更進一步的 改善。 【發明内容】 10 本發明是一種移動體進入特定地理區域之判斷方法， 其方法包括下列步驟：（Α)讀取複數個代表點座標丁口是分別 對應於複數個地理區域211，另讀取一移動體之當時位置座 標Pc ; (Β)計算當時位置座標Pc分別與上述之複數個代表點 座標Τη間之相對距離Dn; (c)篩選出一特定地理區域zs，此 15特疋地理區域Zs之代表點座標Ts是與當時位置座標Pc間之 相對距離Ds小於一特定距離D ; (D)判定特定地理區域心是 為外凸形多邊形地理區域Zs; (E)讀取特定地理區域zs之n 個端點座標Pm，Mm=1，2,3..，n，而η個端點座標㈣是依 序排列並圍繞以定義出特定地理區域Zs; (F)計算出η個端點 20向S Vm其係有下列關係：端點向量Vm=端點座 標Pm-當時 位置座標Pc ; (G)將上述n個端點向量Vm依據逆時針或者順 時針方向依序進行外積（cr〇ss)運算以計算得出η個法向量 Um，（Η)將上述η個法向量Um依序進行内積（d〇t)運算以計算 付出n-Ι個内積值Dm; (I)比對上述之卜丨個内積值Dm同為正 1273442 數、或者同為負數，則判定此移動體是已進入此特定地理 區域Zs之内。 因此’上述之判斷方法可用來判斷各種不同之外凸形 _ 多邊形狀之特定地理區域是否有一移動體已經進入其内， 5 故可減少儲存於記憶體中判斷計算的資料量。 本發明之移動體可以是一車輛，其上裝載有車上機以 進打上述各判斷步驟，並應用於地表收費路段上例如高速 • ^路、收費橋樑等。本發明之移動體也可以是由行人或遊 客攜行之個人數位助理（PDA)以進行上述各判斷步驟，其可 10應用於特定收費區域範圍例如遊樂場、展覽館、戲院等。 . ^其中之外凸形多邊形地理區域，可以是三邊形、四邊 • 开i、五邊形、六邊形、七邊形等，其邊緣可為直線邊、或 孤線邊、或不規則邊，只要共同圍成之多邊形是為外凸形 15 20 、卜上述之複數個代表點座標τη、當時位置座標Pc、以及 複數個端點座標P_可參照使用自—平面 或平面斜角座標系統、或球面〜座標系統皆可。‘系、，先 上述方法可以由軟體程式寫成以逐步執行之，因此本 ♦明之方法可㈣電腦語言撰寫後再載人―電腦可讀取紀 fe媒體中，該記憶媒體可以是硬碟、軟碟、光碟、瓜、 M〇、IC晶片，或任何熟悉此項技#者所可使用之包含有該 Z憶媒體之物品，較佳地可將其載入一隨機存 (RAM)中俾易於存取執行。 屺U體 7 1273442 【實施方式】 請參照圖1係本發明一較佳實施例應用於高速公路示 意圖，當本實施例之移動體Μ行駛在高速公路上，且通過 多數個收費站的地理區域Ζη時，則電子收費系統將會執行 5 過路收費。其中，本例之移動體Μ是指一車輛Μ。 請參照圖2係本例之車輛Μ内部裝置圖，其車輛Μ内裝 没有一車上電腦1、一全球衛星定位系統2 ( Global Position1273442 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a method for judging a mobile body entering a specific geographical area, and a method for loading a software program capable of performing the above method steps, in particular, a method for judging A method of determining whether a mobile body has entered a particular electronic toll geographic area. [Prior Art] With the problem of increasing vehicles, the government changed the traditional transportation system to the intelligent transportation system in order to improve the management of the road and the efficiency of the road. For example, the traditional method of "human" ("four") will be adopted as the automatic charging system of the machine, which is commonly known as the electronic toll correction system (ETC system). In general, the automatic charging method of the machine is to install a sensor on both sides of the South Expressway. When the vehicle enters the set sensing range, and the sensor detects that a vehicle has passed, it will issue a debt. The test signal and transmit this signal to the computer system installed at the toll booth. When the system is connected to (4) this signal, the microprocessor performs the operation processing of the geographical area judgment and whether the vehicle enters the judgment operation processing in the geographical area. If the calculated values calculated by the two processing operations are in accordance with the preset judgment value, the computer system issues a charge for preparing the charge: to the automatic charge machine 'Μ不^,, the geographical area in the judgment method The shape is pre-standardized' and stored in the print of the miscellaneous, ^,. In the L body. It is judged whether the vehicle has entered the geographical area. The ten-open method operates on each end point of the four end points of the rectangle and the position of the vehicle. If the shape of the geographic area is changed to 5 1273442 pentagon or other n-sided shape, it is quite inconvenient to change the judgment method of the vehicle in the geographical area. In addition, when the geographical area is a concave shape or a cross shape, the conventional judgment calculation method generates an operation. For example, the position of the vehicle is located outside the concave portion, but the judgment result obtained by the microprocessor operation process will misjudge the vehicle as having entered the geographical area. Therefore, the present invention is directed to further improvements in these problems. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a method for judging a mobile body entering a specific geographical area, and the method includes the following steps: (Α) reading a plurality of representative point coordinates, respectively, corresponding to a plurality of geographical areas 211, and reading a current position coordinate Pc of a moving body; (Β) calculating a relative distance Dn between the current position coordinate Pc and the plurality of representative point coordinates ;n; (c) screening out a specific geographical area zs, the 15 special geographical area The representative point coordinate Ts of Zs is a relative distance Ds from the current position coordinate Pc is less than a specific distance D; (D) determining that the specific geographical area is a convex polygonal geographical area Zs; (E) reading a specific geographical area zs n endpoint coordinates Pm, Mm=1, 2,3..,n, and η endpoint coordinates (four) are sequentially arranged and surrounded to define a specific geographic region Zs; (F) calculate n endpoints The 20-way S Vm has the following relationship: the endpoint vector Vm = the endpoint coordinate Pm - the current position coordinate Pc; (G) the above-mentioned n endpoint vectors Vm are sequentially externally accumulated in a counterclockwise or clockwise direction (cr〇 Ss) operation to calculate η normal vectors Um, (Η) will be The n normal vectors Um are sequentially subjected to an inner product (d〇t) operation to calculate the inner product value Dm to be paid; (I) the inner product value Dm of the above-mentioned divisor is the same as the number 1273442, or the same negative number. Then, it is determined that the mobile body has entered the specific geographical area Zs. Therefore, the above-mentioned judging method can be used to judge whether or not a certain geographical area of a different convex_polygon shape has entered a moving body, so that the amount of data stored in the memory can be reduced. The moving body of the present invention may be a vehicle on which an onboard machine is loaded to perform the above-described various determination steps, and is applied to a surface toll road section such as a high speed road, a toll bridge, or the like. The mobile body of the present invention may also be a personal digital assistant (PDA) carried by a pedestrian or a passenger to perform the above-described various determination steps, which may be applied to a specific toll area such as a playground, an exhibition hall, a theater, or the like. ^ The geographical area of the convex polygon, which may be a triangle, a four-sided • an open i, a pentagon, a hexagon, a heptagon, etc., the edges of which may be straight edges, or lone edges, or irregularities Edges, as long as the commonly formed polygons are convex 15 20 , the plurality of representative point coordinates τη, the current position coordinates Pc, and the plurality of end coordinates P_ can be referred to using a plane or plane bevel coordinates. System, or spherical ~ coordinate system is available. 'System, the above method can be written by the software program to be implemented step by step, so this method can be (4) computer language writing and then manned - computer can read Ji Fe media, the memory media can be hard disk, soft A disc, a disc, a melon, a M 〇, an IC chip, or any item that can be used by those skilled in the art, including the Z memory, can preferably be loaded into a random memory (RAM). Access execution.屺U body 7 1273442 [Embodiment] Please refer to FIG. 1 for a schematic diagram of a highway according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. When the mobile body of the embodiment travels on a highway and passes through the geographic area of a plurality of toll stations At Ζη, the electronic toll collection system will perform 5 toll collection. Among them, the mobile body in this example refers to a vehicle Μ. Please refer to Figure 2 for the internal device diagram of the vehicle in this example. The vehicle compartment is equipped with no onboard computer 1. Global Positioning System 2 (Global Position)

System，GPS)、以及一整合封包無線電服務裝置3( GeneralSystem, GPS), and an integrated packet radio service unit 3 (General

Packet Radio Service，GPRS )，而車上電腦1内另裝設有一 10 微處理器11及一記憶體12，並將沿路多數個收費站的地理 區域Ζη的資料儲存於記憶體12中。當車輛μ驶近高速公路 之某一收費站的地理區域Ζη時，電腦1會自動讀取記憶體12 中預存的收費站的地理區域Ζη資料，且全球衛星定位系統2Packet Radio Service (GPRS), and a computer microprocessor 11 and a memory 12 are additionally installed in the computer 1, and the data of the geographic area 多数n of the plurality of toll stations along the road is stored in the memory 12. When the vehicle μ approaches the geographic area of a toll station of the expressway, the computer 1 automatically reads the geographical area information of the toll station pre-stored in the memory 12, and the global satellite positioning system 2

標示輸出車輛Μ當時所在的位置pc，然後透過微處理器i J 15 進行第一階段之收費站的地理區域Ζη之形狀判斷的運算處 理、及第二階段之車輛Μ是否進入收費站的地理區域Ζη内 的判斷運异處理。如果此兩個判斷運算處理經微處理器上上 计异得到的運算值都符合預設的判斷值，則透過整合封包 無線電服務裝置3無線傳送一接收訊號到收費站的伺服 20 器’接著伺服器再傳送一收費訊號給收費機器準備或進行 收費。 下面將針對本實施例整個電子收費系統的判斷方法作 更洋細的描述，且在本實施例中特舉六邊形地理區域Ζη來 說明。請同時參照圖3及圖4，其判斷方法包括下列步驟： 1273442 步驟S A :當車輛Μ行駛上高速公路後，車上之微處理 器11讀取預存於記憶體12中之Τ1(Χ1，Υ1)、Τ2(Χ2，Υ3)、 Τ3(Χ3，Υ3)、以及Τ4(Χ4，Υ4)四個代表點座標，其分別對應 於四個地理區域Zl、Ζ2、Ζ3、以及Ζ4内，而地理區域Ζ1、 5 Ζ2、Ζ3、以及Ζ4係指上述欲進行電子收費之地理區域Ζη， 且本例之Τ1(Χΐ，γΐ)、Τ2(Χ2，Υ3)、Τ3(Χ3，Υ3)、以及Τ4(Χ4，Υ4) 四個代表點座標是分別選用位於其對應地理區域Zl、Ζ2、 Ζ3、以及Ζ4之幾何中心位置，但不以此為限，例如亦可直 接採用其中某一端點座標Pm便可減少記憶體12記憶容量。 10 此外，微處理器11繼續讀取該車輛Μ之當時位置座標 Pc(Xc，Yc)，其Pc(xc，Yc)是由車輛μ上組設之一全球衛星定 位系統2所算出，而四個代表點座標τι、Τ2、Τ3、Τ4與檢 查點座標Pc均可參照自一平面直角座標系統，在本實施例 中，直接採用地球經緯度座標系統為最佳。 15 步驟SB :車輛μ上之微處理器11分別計算出當時位置 座標 Pc(Xc，Yc)與上述 τΐ(Χ1，Υ1)、Τ2(Χ2，Υ3)、Τ3(Χ3，Υ3)、 以及Τ4(Χ4，Υ4)四個代表點座標間之相對距離D卜D2、D3、 D4如圖4所示。其中，本例之相對距離d的運算式是採用畢 氏定理加以計算，例如d=sqrt(XA2+YA2)。 20 步驟SC :車上微處理器11讀取記憶體12中預存之一特 定距離D，並比對上述四個相對距離Dl、D2、D3、D4以篩 選出如圖4所示之相對距離D3小於該特定距離D之一特定 地理區域Z3，此時微處理器11便認為車輛Μ準備進入欲收 1273442 i 費之特定地理區域Z3了，但事實上是否真的有進入？必須 靠下列步驟繼續判斷才能得知。 、 步驟SD··微處理器η進行第一階段之收費站的地理區 域Ζ3之形狀判斷，藉以判斷該特定地理區域ζ3是否為一外 5凸形地理區域，如果判定是外凸形地理區域才繼續下一步 驟。致於所述之第-階段可以用任何判斷方法來完成，特 舉一例如下但非僅限於此例。 睛參照圖5，微處理器丨丨先從記憶體12中讀取預存之該 特定地理區域Z3之六個端點座標Pm，並由該特定地理區域 Η) Z3内任選出-檢查點座標以，再計算由檢查㈣分別指向 六個端點Pm的向量V，m，其中m=1二3···，6，然後依逆時針/ 或Τ時針方向將前述六個向量乂七作外積計算得出六個法 白里U m再依序將鈿述六個法向量u,m作内積計算得出五 個内積值D’m，此時，如果這五個内積值D，m皆為正數或皆 為負數則判疋此特疋地理區域Z3是一外凸形六角形地理 區域。 元成第階段开> 狀判斷方法，並確定六邊形地理區域 Z3疋一外凸形六邊形後，接下來微處理器11才能進行第二 又之車輛M是否已進入此外凸形地理區域23内的判斷運 2〇 算處理，細述如下。 步驟SE :請參照圖6，微處理器u讀取記憶體12中該特 疋地理區域Z3之六個端點座標Pm(Xm，Ym)，其中 m—...，6，其這六個端點座標pm是依序排列並圍繞以定 1273442 義出上述特定地理區域Z3，且六個端點座標Pm同樣參照自 上述相同之地球經緯度座標系統。 . 步驟SF :微處理器11計算出由當時位置座標1^分別指 向六個端點Pm的六個端點向量Vm。因此其六個端點向量 5 Vm，m=l，2,3…，6 ’ 分別為：Marking the position of the output vehicle at the time of the pc, and then performing the arithmetic processing of the shape determination of the geographic area of the toll station of the first stage through the microprocessor i J 15 and whether the vehicle of the second stage enters the geographical area of the toll station The judgment in the Ζη is different. If the calculated values obtained by the microprocessor on the microprocessor are in accordance with the preset judgment value, the receiver 20 is wirelessly transmitted through the integrated packet radio service device 3 to the servo station of the toll booth. The device then transmits a charging signal to the charging machine to prepare or charge. The method of judging the entire electronic toll collection system of the present embodiment will be described in more detail below, and the hexagonal geographical area 特η is specifically described in the present embodiment. Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 simultaneously, the judging method includes the following steps: 1273442 Step SA: When the vehicle is driving on the highway, the microprocessor 11 on the vehicle reads the Τ1 pre-stored in the memory 12 (Χ1, Υ1 ), Τ 2 (Χ 2, Υ 3), Τ 3 (Χ 3, Υ 3), and Τ 4 (Χ 4, Υ 4) four representative point coordinates, which correspond to the four geographical regions Z1, Ζ 2, Ζ 3, and Ζ 4, respectively, and the geographical area Ζ1, 5 Ζ2, Ζ3, and Ζ4 refer to the above-mentioned geographic area Ζη for electronic charging, and in this example Τ1 (Χΐ, γΐ), Τ2 (Χ2, Υ3), Τ3 (Χ3, Υ3), and Τ4 (Χ4 , Υ 4) The four representative point coordinates are respectively selected at the geometric center positions of their corresponding geographical regions Z1, Ζ2, Ζ3, and Ζ4, but not limited thereto, for example, one of the endpoint coordinates Pm can be directly reduced. Memory 12 memory capacity. In addition, the microprocessor 11 continues to read the current position coordinate Pc(Xc, Yc) of the vehicle, and its Pc(xc, Yc) is calculated by the global positioning system 2 of the vehicle μ, and four The representative point coordinates τι, Τ2, Τ3, Τ4 and the checkpoint coordinates Pc can all be referred to from a plane rectangular coordinate system. In this embodiment, the earth latitude and longitude coordinate system is preferably used directly. 15 Step SB: The microprocessor 11 on the vehicle μ calculates the current position coordinates Pc(Xc, Yc) and the above-mentioned τΐ(Χ1,Υ1), Τ2(Χ2,Υ3), Τ3(Χ3,Υ3), and Τ4( Χ4, Υ4) The relative distance between the four representative point coordinates D, D2, D3, D4 is shown in Fig. 4. The calculation formula of the relative distance d in this example is calculated by using the Bies' theorem, for example, d=sqrt(XA2+YA2). Step SC: The onboard microprocessor 11 reads a predetermined distance D prestored in the memory 12, and compares the above four relative distances D1, D2, D3, and D4 to select a relative distance D3 as shown in FIG. Less than a certain geographical area Z3 of the specific distance D, at this time, the microprocessor 11 considers that the vehicle is ready to enter the specific geographical area Z3 of the charge 1273442 i, but is it actually entered? You must continue the judgment by following the steps below. Step SD··Microprocessor η performs the shape determination of the geographical area Ζ3 of the toll station of the first stage, thereby judging whether the specific geographic area ζ3 is an outer 5 convex geographic area, if it is determined that the convex geographical area is Continue to the next step. The first stage described can be accomplished by any judgment method, and an example is as follows but is not limited to this example. Referring to FIG. 5, the microprocessor first reads the pre-stored six endpoint coordinates Pm of the specific geographic region Z3 from the memory 12, and selects - checkpoint coordinates from the specific geographic region Η) Z3. Then, recalculate the vector V,m from the check (4) pointing to the six endpoints Pm, where m=12 3···, 6, and then the outer product of the six vectors 乂7 in the counterclockwise/clockwise direction. It is calculated that the six normals U m will then repeat the six normal vectors u, m for inner product calculation to obtain five inner product values D'm. At this time, if the five inner product values D, m are A positive number or a negative number determines that the characteristic geographic area Z3 is a convex hexagonal geographical area. After the first stage of the Yuancheng method is determined, and the hexagonal geographical area Z3疋 is a convex hexagon, the microprocessor 11 can then proceed to whether the second vehicle M has entered the convex geography. The calculation process in the area 23 is described in detail below. Step SE: Referring to FIG. 6, the microprocessor u reads the six endpoint coordinates Pm(Xm, Ym) of the special geographic area Z3 in the memory 12, where m_..., 6, these six The endpoint coordinates pm are sequentially arranged and surround the specific geographic region Z3 defined above with respect to 1273442, and the six endpoint coordinates Pm are also referred to from the same earth latitude and longitude coordinate system described above. Step SF: The microprocessor 11 calculates six end point vectors Vm which are respectively pointed to the six end points Pm by the current position coordinates 1^. Therefore, its six endpoint vectors 5 Vm, m=l, 2, 3..., 6 ’ are:

Vl=Pl-Pc=[(Xl-Xc)，(Yl-Yc)]， V2=P2-Pc=[(X2-Xc)，(Y2-Yc)]， V3=P3-Pc=[(X3-Xc)，(Y3-Yc)]， 籲 V4=P4-Pc=[(X4-Xc)，(Y4-Yc)]， 1〇 V5 = P5-Pc=[(X5-Xc)，(Y5-Yc)]， V6=P6-Pc=[(X6-Xc)，(Y6-Yc)]。 _ 步驟SG :微處理器11再依據圖6中之逆時針方向將上 述六個向量Vm作外積（cross)計算而得出六個法向量Um(圖 未示），其中，，X”符號是指外積的運算符號，因此其六個法 15 向量Um分別為： U1=(V1 X V2)=[X1Y2-X1Yc-XcY2-X2Y1+X2Yc+XcY1]? U2=(V2 X V3)=[X2Y3-X2Yc-XcY3-X3Y2+X3Yc+XcY2]? • U3=(V3 X V4)=[X3Y4-X3Yc-XcY4-X4Y3+X4Yc+XcY3]5 U4=(V4 X V5)=[X4Y5-X4Yc-XcY5-X5Y4+X5Yc+XcY4]， 2〇 U5=(V5 X V6)=[X5Y6-X5Yc-XcY6-X6Y5+X6Yc+XcY5]? U6=(V6 X V1)=[X6Y1-X6Yc-XcY1-X1Y6+X1Yc+XcY6]。 „ 步驟SH:微處理器11再依序將上述六個法向量Um作内 積（dot)計算而得出五個内積值Dm，其中，，•”是指内積的運 算符號’因此其五個内積值分別為： 25 D1=U1 · U2=[X1Y2-X1Yc-XcY2-X2Y1+X2Yc+XcY1] · [X2Y3-X2Yc_XcY3-X3Y2+X3Yc+XcY2]， 11 1273442 D2=U1 · U3 = [X1Y2-X1Yc-XcY2-X2Y1+X2Yc+XcY1] · [X3Y4-X3Yc-XcY4-X4Y3+X4Yc+XcY3]5 D3=U1 · U4=[X1Y2-X1Yc-XcY2-X2Y1+X2Yc+XcY1] · [X4Y5-X4Yc-XcY5-X5Y4+X5Yc+XcY4], 5 D4=U1 · U5 = [X1Y2-X1Yc-XcY2-X2Y1+X2Yc+XcY1] · [X5Y6-X5Yc-XcY6-X6Y5+X6Yc+XcY5]， D5=U1 · U6=[X1Y2-X1Yc-XcY2-X2Y1+X2Yc+XcY1] · [X6Y1-X6Yc-XcY1-X1Y6+X1Yc+XcY6]。 # 步驟SI :最後，微處理器11比對上述之五個内積值Dm 10 如果皆大於零或皆小於零，則判定車輛Μ是位於特定地理 區域Ζ3内，亦即該車輛Μ已經進入特定地理區域Ζ3内，應 ， 該對其進行電子收費了；否則，即認為該車輛Μ尚未進入 ， 該特定地理區域Ζ3内，尚不必對其收費。 其中，上述步驟SG之外積運算亦可改用順時針方向計 15 算；步驟SH之内積運算係可由序號小至大方向計算、或由 大至小方向計算，均可達成相同功效。 φ 因此，上述之判斷方法可用來判斷各種不同外凸形多 邊形狀之特定地理區域是否有一移動體已經進入其内了， 不必如習知只能侷限於一種矩形區域之判斷而已，且可更 20 快速的得到判斷結果，並減少儲存於記憶體中判斷計算的 資料量。 本發明之移動體進入特定地理區域之判斷方法，可以 電腦語言寫成以便執行，而該寫成之軟體程式可以儲存於 任何微處理單元可以辨識、解讀之記憶媒體，或包含有該 25 記憶媒體之物品及裝置。其不限為任何形式，該物品可為 12 1273442 硬碟、軟碟、光碟、ZIP、M0、IC晶片、隨機存取記憶體 (RAM)’或任何熟悉此項技藝者所可使用之包含有該紀錄 媒體之物品。由於本發明之移動體進入特定地理區域之判 斷方法已揭露完整，任何熟悉電腦語言者閱讀本發明說明 5書即知如何撰寫軟體程式，故有關軟體程式細節部分不在 此贅述。 上述實施例僅係為了方便說明而舉例而已，本發明所 主張之權利範圍自應以申請專利範圍所述為準，而^ 於上述實施例。 义 【圖式簡單說明】 15 圖1係本發明之較佳實施例應用於高速公路示意圖 圖2係本發明較佳實施例之車輛内部裝置圖。β 圖3係本發明較佳實施例之電子收費判斷流程圖。 圖4係本發明較佳實施例之距離判斷示意圖。 圖5係本發明之較佳實施例第 意圖。 一階段判斷時之向量計算 示 階段判斷時之向量計算 圖6係本發明較佺實施例進入第二 示意圖。 20 【主要元件符號說明】 2 地理區域 Μ 車輛 1 車上電腦 11 微處理器 12 記憶體 2 全球衛星定位座標系統 13 1273442 3 整合封包無線電服務裝置Vl=Pl-Pc=[(Xl-Xc), (Yl-Yc)], V2=P2-Pc=[(X2-Xc), (Y2-Yc)], V3=P3-Pc=[(X3- Xc), (Y3-Yc)], VV4=P4-Pc=[(X4-Xc), (Y4-Yc)], 1〇V5 = P5-Pc=[(X5-Xc), (Y5-Yc )], V6=P6-Pc=[(X6-Xc), (Y6-Yc)]. _ Step SG: The microprocessor 11 further calculates the six vectors Vm in the counterclockwise direction in FIG. 6 to obtain six normal vectors Um (not shown), wherein the X" symbol is Refers to the operator of the outer product, so its six methods 15 vector Um are: U1=(V1 X V2)=[X1Y2-X1Yc-XcY2-X2Y1+X2Yc+XcY1]? U2=(V2 X V3)=[X2Y3- X2Yc-XcY3-X3Y2+X3Yc+XcY2]? • U3=(V3 X V4)=[X3Y4-X3Yc-XcY4-X4Y3+X4Yc+XcY3]5 U4=(V4 X V5)=[X4Y5-X4Yc-XcY5-X5Y4 +X5Yc+XcY4], 2〇U5=(V5 X V6)=[X5Y6-X5Yc-XcY6-X6Y5+X6Yc+XcY5]? U6=(V6 X V1)=[X6Y1-X6Yc-XcY1-X1Y6+X1Yc+XcY6 „ Step SH: The microprocessor 11 sequentially calculates the above six normal vectors Um as the inner product (dot) to obtain five inner product values Dm, where “,” means the inner product of the operation symbol 'so its five The inner product values are: 25 D1=U1 · U2=[X1Y2-X1Yc-XcY2-X2Y1+X2Yc+XcY1] · [X2Y3-X2Yc_XcY3-X3Y2+X3Yc+XcY2], 11 1273442 D2=U1 · U3 = [X1Y2- X1Yc-XcY2-X2Y1+X2Yc+XcY1] · [X3Y4-X3Yc-XcY4-X4Y3+X4Yc+XcY3]5 D3=U1 · U4=[X1Y2-X1Yc-XcY2-X2Y1+X2Yc+XcY1] · [X4Y5-X4Yc- XcY5-X5Y4+X5Yc+XcY4], 5 D4=U1 · U5 = [X1Y2-X1Yc-XcY2-X2Y1+X2Yc+XcY1] · [X5Y6-X5Yc-XcY6-X6Y5+X6Yc+XcY5], D5=U1 · U6=[X1Y2-X1Yc-XcY2-X2Y1+X2Yc+XcY1] [X6Y1-X6Yc-XcY1-X1Y6+X1Yc+XcY6] #Step SI: Finally, the microprocessor 11 compares the above five inner product values Dm 10 if both are greater than zero or both are less than zero, then it is determined that the vehicle is located Within a specific geographical area Ζ3, that is, the vehicle Μ has entered a specific geographic area Ζ3, it should be electronically charged; otherwise, it is considered that the vehicle Μ has not yet entered, and the specific geographical area Ζ3 does not need to be toll. The above-mentioned step SG product calculation can also be changed to the clockwise direction calculation; the inner product operation of the step SH can be calculated from the small to large direction, or from the large to the small direction, and the same effect can be achieved. φ Therefore, the above-mentioned judging method can be used to judge whether a certain geographical area of various different convex-polygonal shapes has entered a moving body, and it is not necessary to be limited to a rectangular area as in the prior art, and may be more 20 Quickly get the judgment result and reduce the amount of data stored in the memory to judge the calculation. The method for judging the moving body of the present invention into a specific geographical area may be written in a computer language for execution, and the written software program may be stored in a memory medium that can be recognized and interpreted by any micro processing unit, or an item including the 25 memory medium. And equipment. It is not limited to any form, and the article may be 12 1273442 hard disk, floppy disk, optical disk, ZIP, M0, IC chip, random access memory (RAM)' or any other ones familiar with the art. The record media item. Since the method for judging the movement of the mobile body of the present invention into a specific geographical area has been revealed, any person familiar with the computer language will be described in the description of the present invention, and the details of the software program will not be described here. The above-described embodiments are merely examples for the convenience of the description, and the scope of the claims should be based on the above-mentioned embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention applied to a highway. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a vehicle interior according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 is a flow chart for determining the electronic charge of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. 4 is a schematic diagram of distance determination in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 is a schematic representation of a preferred embodiment of the invention. Vector Calculation in One-Stage Judgment Vector Calculation in Stage Judgment Figure 6 is a second schematic diagram of a comparative embodiment of the present invention. 20 [Key component symbol description] 2 Geographical area 车辆 Vehicle 1 Onboard computer 11 Microprocessor 12 Memory 2 Global satellite positioning coordinate system 13 1273442 3 Integrated packet radio service unit

Claims (1)

1273442 十、申請專利範圍： • 丨· 一種移動體進入特定地理區域之判斷方法，包括下 列步驟： (A) 讀取複數個代表點座標以其係分別對應於複數個 5地理區域Zn内，另讀取一移動體Μ之當時位置座標Pc ; (B) 计异该當時位置座標pc分別與該等代表點座標Tn 間之相對距離Dn ; 、（C)篩選出一特定地理區域Zs，該特定地理區域&之 代表點座標Ts係與該當時位置座標pc間之相對距離Ds小於 10 一特定距離D ; (D) 判疋忒特定地理區域Zs係為一外凸形多邊形地理 ， 區域Zs ; (E) 項取該特定地理區域28之n個端點座標卩化，其中 m=l，2,3…，η，該等端點座標pm係依序排列並圍繞以定義出 15 該特定地理區域Zs ; • (F)依據下列公式以計算出η個端點向量Vm: 端點向量Vm=端點座標Pd_當時位置座標pc，其中 πι=1，2,3.··，η ; ⑹依據下列群組其中之一以計算出η個法向量伽，其 20 中之X係指外積運算： 曰當m=l，2,3…，n-l時其法向量1^=端點向量vm χ端點 向量Vm+卜並當m==n時其法向量伽二端點向量—X端點 向量VI ;及 15 1273442 點向量Vm X端點向 點向量Vm X端點向 ‘ πι—η,…，3，2時其法向量Um=端 量Vm-1，並當m=l時其法向量11111==端 量Vn ; 内積值 ⑻依據下列群組其中之一以計算出η]個 Dm，其中之•係指内積運算： 當m=l，2,3...，n]時其内積值Dm=法向量馳•法 Um+1 ;及 里 法向量Um ·法向量1273442 X. Patent application scope: • 丨· A method for judging the movement of a moving body into a specific geographical area, including the following steps: (A) reading a plurality of representative point coordinates so that the lines correspond to a plurality of 5 geographical areas Zn, respectively Reading a current position coordinate Pc of a moving body; (B) calculating a relative distance Dn between the current position coordinates pc and the representative point coordinates Tn; and (C) screening out a specific geographical area Zs, the specific The relative distance Ds between the representative point coordinate Ts of the geographical area & and the current position coordinate pc is less than 10 a specific distance D; (D) determining that the specific geographical area Zs is a convex polygonal geography, the area Zs; (E) takes n endpoint coordinates of the particular geographic region 28, where m = l, 2, 3..., η, and the endpoint coordinates pm are sequentially arranged and surrounded to define 15 the particular geographic Region Zs; • (F) Calculate n endpoint vectors Vm according to the following formula: Endpoint vector Vm = endpoint coordinate Pd_ current position coordinate pc, where πι=1, 2,3.··, η; (6) Calculate η normal vector gammas according to one of the following groups, The X in 20 refers to the outer product operation: 曰 when m=l, 2, 3..., nl its normal vector 1^=end point vector vm χend point vector Vm+b and its m-=n when its normal vector gamma Two-end point vector—X-end point vector VI; and 15 1273442 point vector Vm X-end point vector Vm X end point to ' πι—η,...,3,2, its normal vector Um=end quantity Vm-1, And when m=l, its normal vector 11111==end quantity Vn; inner product value (8) is calculated according to one of the following groups to calculate η] Dm, where is the inner product operation: when m=l, 2, 3 ..., n] its inner product value Dm = normal vector Chi method Um+1; and the radix vector Um · normal vector 當 111=11，...，3,2時其内積值〇111: Um-1 ;以及 10 ⑴^匕對該等内積值加符合下列群組其中之一，即判 定該移動體Μ係已進入該特^地理區域&之内：該等^個 内積值Dm均同為正數、及該等n-1個内積值加均同為負數。 …2.如申請專利_第1項所述之判斷方法，其中，該 等代表點座標Τη係分別位於其對應地理區域zn之幾何中二 3.如申請專利範圍第i項所述之判斷方法，其中，該 移動體Μ係指一車輛。 Χ ，4.如申請專利範圍第1項所述之判斷方法，其中，該 虽時位置座標pc係由一全球定位系統算出。 5·如申請專利範圍第丨項所述之判斷方法，苴中，咳 等代表點《Τη、該料位置座標pei及料端點座標 Pd均參照使用自一平面直角座標系統。 ,6.如申請專利範圍第5項所述之判斷方法，其中，該 平面直角座標系統係指一地球經緯度座標系統。 16 1273442 7_如申請專利範圍第1項所述之判斷方法，其中，該 步驟（D)包括下列步驟： (D1)項取該特定地理區域&之η個端點座標，其中 m=l，2,3...，n，該等端點座標Pm係依序排列並圍繞以定義出 5該特定地理區域&，另讀取一檢查點座標Pk其係指該特定 地理區域Zs中任一點； (D2)依據下列公式以計算出n個端點向量: 鈿點向里Vm=端點座標pm_檢查點座標pk，其中 m=l，2,3".，n ; ° _依據下列群組其中之_以計算出η個法向量Um， 其中之X係指外積運算： 當m=l，2,3…，ΓΜ時其法向量Um=端點向量Vm χ端點 向量Vm+1，並當m=n時其法向量Um=端點向量vmx端點 向量VI ;及 β 15When 111=11,...,3,2, its inner product value 〇111: Um-1; and 10 (1)^匕 add the inner product value to one of the following groups, that is, determine that the mobile body has been Within the special geographical area & within: the inner product values Dm are all positive numbers, and the n-1 inner product values plus are equally negative. The method of judging according to claim 1, wherein the representative point coordinates η are respectively located in the geometry of the corresponding geographical area zn. 3. The method of judging according to item i of the patent application scope Wherein the mobile body refers to a vehicle. Χ 4. The method of judging according to claim 1, wherein the position coordinate pc is calculated by a global positioning system. 5. If the judgment method described in the scope of the patent application is as follows, the representative points “苴η, the position coordinate pei and the material end point coordinate Pd of the material are referenced from a plane rectangular coordinate system. 6. The method of judging according to claim 5, wherein the plane rectangular coordinate system refers to an earth latitude and longitude coordinate system. 16 1273442 7_ The method of determining according to claim 1, wherein the step (D) comprises the following steps: (D1) taking n endpoint coordinates of the specific geographic region & m=l , 2, 3..., n, the endpoint coordinates Pm are sequentially arranged and surrounded to define 5 the specific geographic region & and another checkpoint coordinate Pk is referred to as the specific geographic region Zs Any point; (D2) Calculate n endpoint vectors according to the following formula: 钿point inward Vm=endpoint coordinate pm_checkpoint coordinate pk, where m=l,2,3".,n ; ° _ Among the following groups, _ is used to calculate η normal vectors Um, where X is the outer product operation: When m=l, 2, 3..., 法 its normal vector Um=end point vector Vm χend point vector Vm+ 1, and when m=n its normal vector Um=end point vector vmx end point vector VI; and β 15 當m=n，…，3,2時其法向量Um=端點向量乂爪χ 量Vm-1，並當m=l時其法向量Um=端點向量vm X 量Vn ; 端點向 端點向 20 (D4)依據下列群細其中之一以計算出n“個内積 Dm，其中之•係指内積運算： fm=1，2,3…，n]時其内積值Dm=法向量⑽•法向 值 Um+1 ;及When m=n,...,3,2, its normal vector Um=end point vector χ χ quantity Vm-1, and when m=l its normal vector Um=end point vector vm X quantity Vn ; Point 20 (D4) according to one of the following group details to calculate n "inner product Dm, where ^ refers to inner product operation: fm = 1, 2, 3..., n] its inner product value Dm = normal vector (10) • normal value Um+1; and 法向量 當m===n，.·.，3,2時其内積值Dm=法向量Um Um-1 ;以及 17 1273442 (D5)比對該等内積值合下列群組其中之一，即判 • ㈣特定地理區域&係為-外凸形之多邊形地理區域：該 等η]個内積值⑽均同為正數、及該等^個内積值此均同 為負數。 5 8. 一種電腦可讀取記憶媒體，載有一軟體程式，該軟 體程式用以判斷-移動體M是否已進入一特定地理區域& 之内；其中，上述軟體程式包括·· ® 第一程式碼，係讀取複數個代表點座標Τη其係分別對 應於複數個地理區域Ζη内，另讀取該移動體Μ之當時位置 10 座標Pc; _ 第二程式碼，係計算該當時位置座標Pc分別與該等代 表點座標Τη間之相對距離Dn ; 第二程式碼，係篩選出該特定地理區域Zs，該特定地 理區域Zs之代表點座標Ts係與該當時位置座標以間之相對 15 距離Ds小於一特定距離d ; 第四程式碼，係判定該特定地理區域Zs係為一外凸形 ’ >邊形地理區域Zs ; 第五私式碼’係讀取該特定地理區域Zs之η個端點座標 Pm’其中m==1，2,3…，η，該等端點座標Pm係依序排列並圍繞 2〇 以定義出該特定地理區域Zs ; 第六程式碼，係依據下列公式以計算出η個端點向量 Vm ·端點向量vm=端點座標pm_當時位置座標pc，其中 m=l，2,3...，n ; 18 1273442 之—以計算出η個法 =端點向量Vm X端 點向量Vm X端 第七程式碼，係依據下列群組其中 向量Um，其中之X係指外積運算： (1)當 m=l，2,3."，n-l 時其法向量11111 點向量Vm+1，並當m=n時其法向量Um 點向量VI ;及 端點 端點The normal vector when m===n, .·., 3, 2, its inner product value Dm=normal vector Um Um-1 ; and 17 1273442 (D5) are compared with the inner product value of one of the following groups, ie (4) The specific geographical area & is a polygonal geographic area of the convex shape: the η] inner product values (10) are both positive numbers, and the inner product values are all negative. 5 8. A computer readable memory medium, comprising a software program for determining whether the mobile body M has entered a specific geographic area & the software program comprises: The code reads a plurality of representative point coordinates 其 η corresponding to a plurality of geographical regions Ζη, and reads the current position of the moving body 10 10 coordinates Pc; _ second code, calculates the current position coordinate Pc The relative distance Dn between the coordinates of the representative points ;, and the second code, the specific geographical area Zs is selected, and the representative coordinate Ts of the specific geographical area Zs is opposite to the coordinates of the current position. Ds is smaller than a specific distance d; the fourth code determines that the specific geographical area Zs is a convex shape > the edge geographical area Zs; the fifth private code ' reads the specific geographical area Zs The endpoint coordinates Pm' where m==1, 2, 3..., η, the endpoint coordinates Pm are sequentially arranged and surround 2〇 to define the specific geographic region Zs; the sixth code is based on the following Formula to calculate η Endpoint vector Vm · End point vector vm = endpoint coordinate pm_ current position coordinate pc, where m = l, 2, 3..., n; 18 1273442 - to calculate n methods = endpoint vector Vm X The end vector Vm X-end seventh code is based on the following group vector Um, where X is the outer product operation: (1) when m=l, 2,3.", nl its normal vector 11111 points Vector Vm+1, and its normal vector Um point vector VI when m=n; (2)當m=n，…，3,2時其法向量Um==端點向量X 向sVm-l，並當m=l時其法向量1；111==端點向量χ 向量Vn ; 第八程式碼，係依據下列群組其中之1計算出η, 内積值Dm，其中之•係指内積運算： (1) 當m=l，2,3…，n-1時其内積值Dm=法向量Um·法向量 Um+1 ;及 (2) 當m=n，".，3,2時其内積值Dm==法向量Um •法向量 Um-1 ;以及 第九程式碼，係比對該等内積值〇111符合下列群組其中 之一，即判定該移動體Μ係已進入該特定地理區域以之 内：該等η-1個内積值Dm均同為正數、及該等n-1個内積值 Dm均同為負數。 9·如申請專利範圍第8項所述之記憶媒體，其中，該 20等代表點座標Tn係分別位於其對應地理區域Zn之幾何中心 位置。 10·如申請專利範圍第8項所述之記憶媒體，其中，該 移動體Μ係指一車輛。 19 J273442 1 1 ·如申請專利範圍第8項所述之記憶媒體，其中，該 當時位置座標Pc係由一全球定位系統算出。 12.如申請專利範圍第8項所述之記憶媒體，其中，該 等代表點座標Τη、該當時位置座標Pc、以及該等端點座標 5卩历均參照使用自一平面直角座標系統。 13·如申請專利範圍第12項所述之記憶媒體，其中，該 平面直角座標系統係指一地球經緯度座標系統。 14.如申請專利範圍第8項所述之記憶媒體，其中，該 第四程式碼包括： 10 15 第十程式碼，係讀取該特定地理區域&之11個端點座 八m-l，2,3…，η，該等端點座標Pm係依序排列並圍繞 =定義出該特定地理區域&，另讀取—檢查點座標伙其係 指該特定地理區域Zs中任一點； ν Λ十—程ί碼，係依據下列公式以計算出n個端點向量 碥點向昼Vm=端點座標pm-檢查點座標抑，盆 法向旦^二程式碼’係依據下列群組其中之—以計算出η個 '里Um，其中之X係指外積運算： )§ m 1，2,3…，n-1時其法向量um=：端點6旦 點向量Vm+；1，计术—士朴 而點向直VmX端 並§ m=n時其法向量Um=端點闩曰v . 點向量V1 ;及 鳊點向sVm X端 (2)當 向量Vm-l 向量Vn ; 111、11，...，3,2時其法向量1；111=端點向量^^又 ，並當m==1時其法向量Um=端點向量Vm χ 端點 端點 20 1273442 第十三程式碼，係依據下列群組其中之一」 個内積值Dm，其中之•係指内積運算： ⑴當時其内積值加=法向量_•法向量 Um+1 ;及 Um_l ;以及 第十四程式碼，係比對該等内積值Dm符合下列群組其(2) When m=n,...,3,2 its normal vector Um==end point vector X to sVm-l, and when m=l its normal vector 1; 111==end point vectorχ vector Vn; The eighth code is based on one of the following groups to calculate η, the inner product value Dm, where • refers to the inner product operation: (1) its inner product value Dm when m=l, 2, 3..., n-1 = normal vector Um · normal vector Um+1 ; and (2) when m = n, "., 3, 2 its inner product value Dm == normal vector Um • normal vector Um-1; and ninth code, The internal product value 〇111 corresponds to one of the following groups, that is, it is determined that the mobile body has entered the specific geographical area: the η-1 inner product values Dm are both positive, and Let n-1 inner product values Dm be the same as negative numbers. 9. The memory medium of claim 8, wherein the 20 representative point coordinates Tn are respectively located at geometric centers of the corresponding geographical regions Zn. 10. The memory medium of claim 8, wherein the mobile body refers to a vehicle. The memory medium according to claim 8, wherein the current position coordinate Pc is calculated by a global positioning system. 12. The memory medium of claim 8, wherein the representative point coordinates 、, the current position coordinates Pc, and the end point coordinates are all referenced from a planar right angle coordinate system. 13. The memory medium of claim 12, wherein the planar right angle coordinate system refers to an earth latitude and longitude coordinate system. 14. The memory medium of claim 8, wherein the fourth code comprises: 10 15 a tenth code, which reads 11 endpoints of the specific geographic area & , 3..., η, the endpoint coordinates Pm are sequentially arranged and define the specific geographic area & =, and the read-checkpoint coordinate refers to any point in the specific geographical area Zs; ν Λ Ten-process ί code is based on the following formula to calculate n endpoint vectors 碥 point to 昼 Vm = endpoint coordinates pm - checkpoint coordinates, basin normal to ^ two code 'based on the following groups - to calculate η '里Um, where X is the outer product operation: ) § m 1,2,3...,n-1 its normal vector um=:end point 6 denier vector Vm+;1, - Shi Pu and point to the straight VmX end and § m = n its normal vector Um = end point latch v. Point vector V1; and 鳊 point to sVm X end (2) when vector Vm-l vector Vn; 11,...,3,2, its normal vector 1; 111=end point vector ^^ again, and when m==1 its normal vector Um=end point vector Vm 端点 end point end point 20 1273442 thirteenth Code, based on One of the column groups has an inner product value Dm, where it refers to the inner product operation: (1) its inner product value plus = normal vector _• normal vector Um+1; and Um_l; and the fourteenth code, the comparison The inner product value Dm meets the following group P判疋δ亥特定地理區域zs係為一外凸形夕息/ 地理區域：哕笪，， 夕邊形 μ寺IM個内積值Dm均同為正數、及該黧 10 内積值Dm均同為負數。 "叫固P is a special convex area of the 亥 亥 为 z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z negative number. "叫固 21twenty one