Ϊ262281 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於空調系統，尤其是右 疋有關於一種透過感測網 路利用競局理論來即時控制空調系統出風口之演算法。 【先前技術】 良好的室内空調，除了使人於室内作息時能覺得舒適， 讓人長期停留不會覺得不適，甚至可以提供—個對健康有益 # &環境。影響空調的舒適度的原因有很多，像是人體活動量、 人體衣著量、環境氣溫、風速、環境渔度與平均輕射溫度等。 另外局部的熱感舒適也是影響空調舒適度的重要因子， 像是冷流（drought)或吹風（draft)效應是造成人體的局部 性劇冷的原因。牆壁因太陽曝曬而太熱、或因風吹而太冷、 或室内有炙熱的機器、火爐等所造成的不對稱熱輻射Ϊ 262281 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to an air conditioning system, and more particularly to an algorithm for real-time control of an air outlet of an air conditioning system using a competition theory through a sensing network. [Prior Art] Good indoor air conditioning, in addition to making people feel comfortable during indoor work, people will not feel uncomfortable for a long time, and can even provide a health benefit # & environment. There are many reasons that affect the comfort of air conditioners, such as the amount of human activity, the amount of clothing, the ambient temperature, the wind speed, the environmental fishery and the average light temperature. In addition, the local thermal comfort is also an important factor affecting the comfort of the air conditioner. For example, the effect of the drought or the draft is the cause of the local coldness of the human body. Asymmetric thermal radiation caused by walls that are too hot due to sun exposure, or that are too cold due to wind, or that are hot in the room, stoves, etc.
Usymmetric thermal radiati〇n)等也會造成人體的過冷或過 ^ 熱。不適合的地板溫度或垂直溫差造成人體頭部暖和、腳部 寒冷等情形。因此，唯有當局部性舒適與整體性舒適同時全 盤考里時，才能達到真正舒適的空調環境。 目前市面上雖然已經有所謂的智慧型空調設備，多僅是 根據事先設定好的溫度或是溼度做空調設備輸出控制，但是 室内人員作息仍然感到不適的原因，一來是空調設備的感測 為装設的數量以及位置（例如僅在空調設備附近），並不能 充分反應空調舒適性的需求，在此情形下易造成誤判，使室 5 ^ 1262281 t 又又產生等問題，造成人體舒適度的降低、 能源之浪費等。二來， 、， 坑异具有多個分散的感測器來收集資 料’也需要一種能@ 、’ντ、口考慮這些環境資料以及多種變動因 素、即時控制空調系統的演算法。 【發明内容】 /十對υ有多個感测器、以及具有多個出風口的空調 糸'^感測器與出風口的互動關係’本身已有相當的複雜度， 字人貝的進出、駐留時間長短、季節、日照等因素考 慮進來的話’如何能同時達到節省能源而又讓環境中的人員 能感受到最大的舒適’更是—個複雜難解的問題。、 “有鑑於此，本發明嘗試將競局理論（game th啊）的幾 種权型套人到具有多個感測器、以及多個出風口的空調環境 裡，將空調設備的多個出風σ視為競局的參赛人，而出風口 的開啟或_、風量、冷熱，暇參賽人_，而表赛人 的報酬就是出風口可以提供最好的服務（舒適性與節省能源 的最佳組合），因此而設計出本發明所提出的演算法。Usymmetric thermal radiati〇n) can also cause the body to be too cold or too hot. Unsuitable floor temperature or vertical temperature difference causes the head of the human body to be warm and the feet to be cold. Therefore, a truly comfortable air-conditioning environment can only be achieved when the local comfort and overall comfort are at the same time. Although there are so-called smart air conditioners on the market, most of them only rely on the temperature or humidity set in advance to control the output of air conditioners. However, the indoor staff still feel uncomfortable. First, the sensing of air conditioners is The number and location of installations (for example, only in the vicinity of air-conditioning equipment) do not fully reflect the need for air-conditioning comfort. In this case, it is easy to cause misjudgment, causing problems such as room 5 ^ 1262281 t, resulting in human comfort. Reduce, waste of energy, etc. Second, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , [Summary of the Invention] / Ten pairs of sensors, and the interaction relationship between the air conditioners and the air outlets having multiple air outlets have a considerable complexity, the entry and exit of the characters, Factors such as length of stay, seasons, sunshine, etc., can be considered as a complex and intractable problem of how to achieve energy savings while allowing people in the environment to feel the greatest comfort. In view of this, the present invention attempts to put several kinds of rights of the game theory into a air-conditioning environment with multiple sensors and multiple air outlets, and multiple air conditioners. The wind σ is regarded as the contestant of the competition, and the opening of the air outlet or _, air volume, hot and cold, 暇 participants _, and the reward of the watchmaker is that the air outlet can provide the best service (comfort and energy saving) The best combination), thus designing the algorithm proposed by the present invention.
本發明所提出的演算法包含數種根據感測收集的環境資 訊而對出風σ做出不同控制的演算法則。這些法則可依，要 -起實施、並以某種順序先後執行，也可以只實施I 法則。 口口刀 的/角异法確實要 根據實際實驗結果驗證，本發明所提出 1262281 幸乂單純6χ疋H度等條件的空調系統，更能快速、有效的達 成舒適度的需求。 灶配合所附圖示、實施例之詳細說明及申請專利範圍， 將上述及本發明之其他目的與優點詳述於後。然而，當可了 解所附圖料料解說本發明之精料設，*t視為本發明 乾可之疋義。有關本發明範嘴之定義，請參照所附之申請專 利範圍。The algorithm proposed by the present invention includes several algorithms for differently controlling the wind σ based on the environmental information collected by the sensing. These rules can be relied upon, implemented, and executed in a certain order, or only I rules. The knife/angular method of the mouth knife is indeed verified based on the actual experimental results. The 1262281 of the present invention is fortunate to have an air conditioning system with a condition of 6 χ疋H degree and the like, and can quickly and effectively meet the demand for comfort. The above and other objects and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the detailed description of the embodiments and the claims. However, when the material of the present invention is explained in the drawings, *t is regarded as the meaning of the present invention. For the definition of the invention, please refer to the attached patent application.
L貫施方式】L consistent method]
本發明所適用的空調設備可以是具有多個出風口的大驾 :央空調系統或是具備少數出風口的小型空調機。本發明戶, 提出的感測網路是由至少—控制器與多個感測器所構成的。 感測器是佈設在空調設備的涵蓋範圍的適當位置，以量測里 附近包括溫度、渥度、曰光量、空氣品質、教輻剩 物理量等的環境資訊。感測器接著將這些量測所得的環^ 訊以對應的電氣訊號、以及它們與控制器之間的連線傳送給 控制"。感測器與控制器之間的連線可以是採有線的方式， 像是有線區域網路、RS232的通訊界衫，也可以是無線的 方式，像是無線區域網路、藍芽、紅外線等。 ’由控制器以 控制器收集來 法分析與運算 本發明所提出的演算法是實施於控制器中 -預定的週期重複循環執行。在每_週期中， 自各個感測器的ί裒境資訊，經過本發明的演嘗 1262281 之後，對於空調設備發出適當的命令來控制出風口的輸出。 每個出風口的運轉時間、輸出風量、冷熱等都不一定相同。 然後到下一週期開始後，再重複相同的過程，以此循環不斷。 第1圖係本發明一第一實施例之流程圖。在步驟105， 本實施例從多個事先決定好的舒適等級中選定一個目標舒適 等級。這些舒適等級是事先依照各地區的氣象及水文資料， 同時考慮空調設備於此等級内又可節約運轉所統計出來的。 # 比如說，本實施例是從夏季與冬季兩個舒適等級中選擇其中 之一為目標舒適等級。其中，夏季的舒適等級是以桃園地區 夏季的室内條件來來考慮，經統計的結果是23°C〜25°C乾球 溫度，相對濕度50〜60% RH。另一個冬季的舒適等級是以桃 ' 園地區冬季的室内條件來來考慮，經統計的結果是18°C〜20 °(：乾球溫度，相對濕度40〜50% RH。這個擇定的目標舒適等 級是本實施例後續運算所比較的基準。 ® 如果將競局理論的模型套在一個空調環境裡，那空調設 備的多個出風口，可以被視為競局的參赛人（play er )，而出 風口的開啟或關閉、風量、冷熱，則可以視為是參賽人的行 動（action)，而參赛人的報酬就是出風口可以提供最好的服 務（舒適性與節省能源的最佳組合），本發明所提出的演算法 的一次執行，可以視為是這個競局的一個回合（round )。首 先，空調環境的競局可以視為是一個非合作（non-cooperative ) 8 1262281 ，複—)競局’也就是每一個參賽人(出風口）的目 疋儘量爭取自己對大的報酬，而在計算重複競局各參赛人 的報酬時，雲I畫I 4 + 夂 而要事先決定一些參數，這些參數包括··每一個 —(出風σ)的作用時間（每個出風口的運轉時間長度， 母個出風口的運轉時間不見得相同）、舒適度支出成本（這是 依據競局理論所計算出來的，每㈣風口為達到目標舒適等 級所需支付的每單位時間成本，每個出風口的單位時間成本 不見得相同）、折現因子5(為使重複競局更能反應現實，加 入此Hx表達下_回合—單位報酬在這—回合的現在價 值’這個折現因子是依據競局理論進行計算時需要的權值，、 這不是—個常數’會依據上1合計算的結果回饋到這一回 合所用的數值）。在步驟⑽中，這些參數的數值被加以選定’ ’、後在步驟115’這些參數值、各個感測器收集的環境資气， =目標物級共同計算_個出風嘴出（開啟或 關閉、風量、冷熱）。此為第-階段的輪出。 接下來競局理論的拍賣模型被應用在空調環境之中 _型之下，出風σ可以視為是賣方，而位於空調環境中的 貝、J為貝方。叙设只有一個賣方（出風口）提供給所有買 方㈣的服務，那麼所有的買方都沒有選擇，但是如果有多 個買方時’則服務的效果就需要適當的分配來達成買方的I 未。因此利用拍賣競局的定價模型以及得益（payo⑴函數而 9 1262281 依據人員在出風π涵蓋範圍内的累計人數（人體進入感測範 圍因系統定時掃描所累稽的士赵、r \ 斤系槓的-人數），區分出相對應的判別條件 以及對出風口的調整參數。舉例來說，本發明的—個實施例 可以將駐留人數區分為1〇人以下、胸〇人、以及4〇人以 上三個區間，假設_個出風口的駐留人數在工㈣人之間， 此貫施例即依照這㈣間所對應的㈣條件來計算是否有滿 足’如果沒有的話，就對出風口施以對應的調整，，然後再回 頭檢查判職件是„被滿足，如果還是沒有㈣，就繼續 运個循環。 —所以在步驟DO，針對每一個出風口，首先依據出風口 祀圍内的駐留人數選定_事先預定好的判別條件以及出風口 的調整參數，然後在步驟125中，計算判別條件是否滿足， 如果沒有的話，就在步驟⑽中對出風口進行調整，然後返 °到乂驟125中’繼續檢驗制式是否有被滿足。如果所有 出風口在步驟125中判別條件是被滿足的，流程就進入到步 驟135。此為第二階段的輸出。 T步驟135以下，本發明進一步利用感測器所檢測到的 日照里來判別目前是屬於白晝（人們在工作的時間）或是夜 晚\人們在休息的時間）兩種狀況。對於白晝和黑夜兩種狀 句有各自對應的判別條件、對於感測器輸入資料的調整 > 矛對所有出風口的調整參數。所以在步驟135先區別 10 1262281 出“是屬於何種狀況，然後選定—事先預定好的判別條件 和靜减，然後在步驟14〇 t，計算判別條件是否滿足， 2果"有的話’就在步驟145中對輸人資料、以及出風口進 仃调整，然後返回到步驟14〇中，繼續檢驗判別式是否有被 滿足。如果所有出風口在步驟⑽中判別條件是被滿足的， 流程就進人到步驟15G。此為第三階段的輪出。 接下來’本發明_—事先決定好的人體舒適度點檢表 W續的調整。這個人體舒適度點檢表共分有數個等級， 母個寺級^一對應的判別式，根據感測器對人體的感測量， 可以套入這些判別式來判斷目前是屬於哪個等級。而每個等 級也有相對應的輸入與輸出的調整參數。所以在步驟15〇先 區別出目前是屬於何種等級，然後在步驟155中對輸入資 料'以及出風口進行調整，然後繼續到步驟⑽。此為第四 階段的輸出。 接下來再導入顧客移轉成本與拍賣規則衍生的判斷法 則。耳先依最早接受服務的人員所在位置或所停留的時間， 各出風口依所在位置給予最適化的調整參數（步驟⑽）。接 下來’對於新進人人員則預設—出風卩提供服務，首先判斷 預設出風口的狀態是(弱)、(中)、(強)三者中的哪一種(主 要根據出風π的溫度和渔度來_其為弱、中、強何者）。若 、個出風口有人員進入’如果目前出風口是（弱）’則用單獨 11The air conditioning device to which the present invention is applied may be a large air drive system having a plurality of air outlets: a central air conditioning system or a small air conditioner having a small number of air outlets. In the present invention, the proposed sensing network is composed of at least a controller and a plurality of sensors. The sensor is placed at an appropriate position in the coverage of the air-conditioning equipment to measure environmental information including temperature, temperature, amount of light, air quality, and physical quantity of the remaining radiation. The sensor then transmits the measured loop signals to the control " with the corresponding electrical signals and their connection to the controller. The connection between the sensor and the controller can be wired, such as wired area network, RS232 communication shirt, or wireless, such as wireless area network, Bluetooth, infrared, etc. . The analysis and operation by the controller is collected by the controller. The algorithm proposed by the present invention is implemented in the controller - a predetermined cycle of repeated loop execution. In each _ cycle, after the performance of each sensor, after the performance 1262281 of the present invention, an appropriate command is issued to the air conditioner to control the output of the air outlet. The running time, output air volume, hot and cold, etc. of each air outlet are not necessarily the same. Then, after the start of the next cycle, repeat the same process, and continue the cycle. Figure 1 is a flow chart of a first embodiment of the present invention. In step 105, the present embodiment selects a target comfort level from a plurality of predetermined comfort levels. These comfort levels are based on the meteorological and hydrological data of each region in advance, and the air conditioning equipment is considered to be saved in this level. # For example, this embodiment selects one of the two comfort levels of summer and winter as the target comfort level. Among them, the summer comfort level is considered in the summer conditions of the Taoyuan area. The statistical result is 23 ° C ~ 25 ° C dry bulb temperature, relative humidity 50 ~ 60% RH. Another winter comfort level is considered in the winter conditions of the Tao'an area. The statistical result is 18 °C ~ 20 ° (: dry bulb temperature, relative humidity 40~50% RH. This selected target is comfortable The level is the benchmark for subsequent calculations in this embodiment. ® If the model of the competition theory is placed in an air-conditioned environment, the air outlets of the air-conditioning equipment can be regarded as the contestants (player). The opening or closing of the air outlet, the air volume, the hot and cold, can be regarded as the action of the participants, and the reward of the participants is that the air outlet can provide the best service (the best comfort and energy saving). In combination, an execution of the algorithm proposed by the present invention can be regarded as a round of the competition. First, the competition of the air-conditioned environment can be regarded as a non-cooperative 8 1262281 . The "-" competition" is the goal of each participant (outlet) to try to win their own rewards. When calculating the rewards of the participants in the repeated competitions, Prior decision These parameters, including the time of each (the wind σ) (the length of the running time of each outlet, the running time of the parent outlet is not the same), the cost of comfort expenditure (this is based on competition According to the theory of the bureau, the cost per unit time required to reach the target comfort level for each (four) tuyere, the unit time cost of each outlet is not the same), the discount factor of 5 (to make the repeated competition more reactive) Reality, join this Hx expression _ round - unit reward in this - the current value of the round 'this discount factor is the weight required to calculate according to the competition theory, this is not a constant 'will be based on the upper 1 The result is fed back to the value used for this round). In step (10), the values of these parameters are selected as ' ', then in step 115 'these parameter values, the environmental assets collected by each sensor, = the target level is calculated together _ an outlet nozzle (on or off) , air volume, hot and cold). This is the first stage of the round. Next, the auction model of the competition theory is applied in the air-conditioning environment. Under the _ type, the wind σ can be regarded as the seller, while the shell and J in the air-conditioned environment are the shell. There is only one seller (outlet) to provide services to all buyers (4), then all buyers have no choice, but if there are multiple buyers, then the effect of the service needs to be properly allocated to reach the buyer's I. Therefore, the pricing model of the auction competition and the benefit (payo(1) function and 9 1262281 are based on the cumulative number of people in the coverage range of the wind π (the human body enters the sensing range due to the systematic timing scan, Shi Zhao, r \ jin The number of bars - the number of people, distinguishes the corresponding discriminating conditions and the adjustment parameters for the air outlet. For example, an embodiment of the present invention can divide the number of residents into less than 1 person, the chest, and 4 In the above three intervals, it is assumed that the number of people in the ventilator is between the workers (four), and this example is based on the (four) conditions corresponding to the (four) conditions to calculate whether there is satisfaction. 'If not, then apply to the outlet. With the corresponding adjustment, and then back to check the judgement is „satisfied, if it is still not (four), continue to run a cycle. — So in step DO, for each outlet, first according to the residence in the outlet The number of people is selected _ a predetermined predetermined condition and an adjustment parameter of the air outlet, and then in step 125, it is calculated whether the determination condition is satisfied, and if not, in step (10) Adjust the air outlet, and then return to step 125 to 'continue to check whether the system is satisfied. If all the air outlets judge that the condition is satisfied in step 125, the flow proceeds to step 135. This is the second stage. The output of step T 135 below, the present invention further utilizes the sunlight detected by the sensor to determine whether it is currently a period of time (people at work time) or night\people at rest time. And the two sentences in the night have their own corresponding discriminating conditions, adjustments to the sensor input data> Spears adjustment parameters for all air outlets. So in step 135, first distinguish 10 1262281 out "what is the condition, then select - pre-determined good discriminating conditions and static decrement, and then in step 14 〇 t, calculate whether the discriminating condition is satisfied, 2 fruit " If yes, in step 145, the input data and the air outlet are adjusted, and then Returning to step 14〇, continue to check if the discriminant is satisfied. If all the air outlets judge that the condition is satisfied in step (10), the flow advances to step 15G. This is the third phase of the round. Next, the present invention _-adjusts the adjustment of the human body comfort checklist in advance. This human comfort checklist is divided into several levels. The discriminant of the mother's temple level corresponds to the sense of the human body. According to the sensor's sense of the human body, these discriminants can be nested to determine which grade it belongs to. Each level also has corresponding input and output adjustment parameters. Therefore, in step 15, the current level is distinguished, and then the input data 'and the air outlet' are adjusted in step 155, and then proceeds to step (10). This is the output of the fourth stage. Next, import the customer transfer costs and the rules of the rules derived from the auction rules. The ear first gives the optimal adjustment parameters according to the location of the person who is the first to receive the service or the time of the stay (step (10)). Next, 'for new recruits, the default is to provide services. First, determine which of the (pre), (middle), and (strong) states of the preset outlet are mainly based on the wind π. Temperature and fishing degree come _ which is weak, medium and strong). If there is a person entering the air outlet, if the current air outlet is (weak), use 11 separately.
1262281 增減冷度或風量使其由（弱）變（中）或由（弱）變（強）， 或者也可㈣持不變（龍做法的抉擇也是經由競局演算， 根據當時的溫度變化及資訊來決定的），而以其他出風口來支 如果目前出風口是（中），則用單獨增減冷度或風量使其 由（中）變（強）’如果目前出風口是（強），則保持不變或 ^力風里（步驟165)。若調整後超過一預定的服務時間後， 將此出風π的服務降至常態（就是回復到調整之初計算所得 的取理想狀幻或舒適性最低（根據S調舒適性的相關研究 所訂出來的理想狀況數值）’藉此以達成省能及舒適等機制效 果（步驟170)。 藉由以上較佳具體實施例之詳述，係希望能更加清楚描 述本創作之特徵與精神，而並非以上述所揭露的較佳具體實 施例來對本創作之範疇加以限制。相反地，其目的是希望能 涵蓋各種改變及具相等性的安排於本創作所欲申請之專利範 圍的範嘴内。 【圖式簡單說明】 苐1圖係依據本發明一實施例之流程圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 105〜170流程步驟 121262281 Increase or decrease the degree of coldness or air volume from (weak) to (weak) or (weak) to (strong), or (4) to remain unchanged (the choice of dragon practice is also calculated through the game, according to the temperature change at that time) And the information to decide), and the other outlets to support if the current outlet is (middle), then use the increase or decrease of the coldness or the amount of air to change from (middle) to (strong) if the current outlet is (strong) ), then remain unchanged or in the wind (step 165). If the adjustment exceeds a predetermined service time, the service of the feng π is reduced to the normal state (that is, the calculation is based on the calculation of the ideal illusion or the lowest comfort (according to the S-related comfort) The resulting ideal condition value) is used to achieve a mechanism effect such as energy saving and comfort (step 170). With the detailed description of the preferred embodiments above, it is desirable to more clearly describe the features and spirit of the present invention, rather than The scope of the present invention is limited by the preferred embodiments disclosed above. Conversely, the purpose is to cover various variations and equivalences within the scope of the patent application to which the present invention is intended. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a flow chart according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Description of Main Components] 105 to 170 Process Step 12