1261097 九、發明說明： • 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是有關於一種投射式車燈之裝置，且特別是有 關於一種創新且具有最佳配光光型、提供足夠清楚之明暗 •截止線（Cut-off Line)、並能符合嚴格之國際驗證規範要求 的新式投射式車燈裝置。 φ 【先前技術】 國内之汽車零組件產值規模在千億以上，其中汽車頭 燈更是相當重要的一項。傳統式頭燈（Headlarnp)之結構組 成是使用拋物面反射鏡加具備複雜花紋燈殼（0uter Lens)， 但此種傳統式頭燈（Headlamp)已難以符合目前國際規範與 要求而漸淘汰。 另外，發展出許多的新式頭燈光學系統，如多重反射面 頭燈（MR:Multi Reflector)、自由曲面式頭燈（FR:Free-F〇rm _ Reflecter)及投射式車燈（PESzPoly-Ellipsoid-System)。投射 式車燈具有很多優點，如： 1·可以有較低的頭燈高度，因此可以利用此一特點設計 出能調適各種不同路況之複合燈具，可在彎路 '叉路或高 速行駛時提高不同路面之照明效果，以提高行車安全性。 2·可以產生比傳統式頭燈更清楚的明暗截止線，能有 效避免刺激對向來車之駕駛者眼睛，增加舒適與安全。 3.採用透明燈殼作為保護，非用來擴散或偏折光線之 用’因此可以採用較大傾斜角之燈殼，使車頭及車燈造形設 1261097 計能更為流暢及富變化。 第1圖是投射式頭燈之光學系統圖；帛2圖是投射式 頭燈之立體分解示意圖。請一併參照第丨、2圖所示，該投 射式頭燈1之光學系統有如一般的投影（幻燈）機，主要是由 燈泡 ll(Filament)、反射鏡 12(Reflect〇r)、遮以 i3(Screen) 及投射透鏡14(LenS)所構成。利用反射鏡12將燈泡丨丨發 出的光線聚集到-點，再移動投射透鏡14使透鏡焦點與該 聚焦點重合’並在透鏡f、點處放置—片特㈣狀之遮光片 13，則可以投射出特別之光型。 如第i圖所示投射式頭燈之光學系統，另有搭配抛物 面、擴散面、環狀反射面、4自由曲面等之反射鏡設計以 改善投射之光型。或將整個頭燈之空間作最小化設計、或 可同時產生遠/近光燈設計者。 先進國家有定出完善且嚴 對於汽車頭燈之照明配光 格之測試標準或檢驗法規。如第3圖所示，即為歐洲檢驗法 所要求之光型® ’其特殊之處在於亮區最亮的測試點 (P〇mt)75R⑷2lux) ’ 與暗區 z〇neffi (錢？iux)很接近。 所以要符合如此之國際規範與要求是相當困難的。歐洲近 光燈是照明設計中技術層次最高的，包括上述幾種車燈及 國内廠商仍無足夠技術克服其要求。 【發明内容】 因此本發明的目的就是在提供一種投射式車燈，該投 射式車燈之反射鏡面制多橢圓方程式設計以產生之無任 (1)1261097 點，其方程式分別為： 水平剖面： 垂直剖面：1261097 IX. Description of the invention: • Technical field to which the invention pertains The invention relates to a device for a projection lamp, and in particular to an innovative and optimal light distribution type, providing a sufficiently clear light and darkness A new type of projection lamp unit that meets the requirements of strict international certification regulations. φ [Prior Art] The domestic automobile component output value is more than 100 billion yuan, among which the car headlights are quite important. The structure of the traditional headlamps (Headlarnp) is a parabolic mirror with a complex lamp housing (0uter Lens), but this conventional headlamp has been difficult to meet current international standards and requirements. In addition, many new headlight optical systems have been developed, such as multi-reflector headlamps (MR: Multi Reflector), free-form headlights (FR: Free-F〇rm _ Reflecter), and projection headlights (PESzPoly-Ellipsoid). -System). Projection lights have many advantages, such as: 1) You can have a lower headlight height, so you can use this feature to design a composite luminaire that can adapt to various road conditions, which can improve the difference when you are on a curved road or at high speed. The lighting effect of the road surface to improve driving safety. 2. It can produce a clearer cut-off line than the traditional headlights, which can effectively avoid irritating the eyes of the driver of the car, increasing comfort and safety. 3. The transparent lamp housing is used for protection, not for diffusing or deflecting light. Therefore, it is possible to use a lamp housing with a large inclination angle, so that the head and the lamp shape can be made more smooth and rich. Fig. 1 is an optical system diagram of a projection headlight; Fig. 2 is a perspective exploded view of a projection headlight. Referring to Figures 2 and 2 together, the optical system of the projection headlight 1 is like a general projection (slide) machine, mainly by a bulb 11 (Filament), a mirror 12 (Reflect〇r), and a cover. I3 (Screen) and projection lens 14 (LenS). Using the mirror 12 to collect the light emitted by the bulb to a point, and then moving the projection lens 14 so that the focus of the lens coincides with the focus point and placing the lens (f) at the point f, the sheet of the special (four) shape can be Project a special light type. The optical system of the projection headlight shown in Figure i, and the mirror design with parabolic surface, diffusing surface, annular reflecting surface, and 4 free-form surface to improve the projected light type. Or minimize the space of the entire headlight, or create a far/low beam designer at the same time. Advanced countries have established perfect and strict test standards or inspection regulations for lighting headlights for automotive headlights. As shown in Figure 3, the light type required by the European inspection method is 'special in the brightest test point (P〇mt) 75R(4) 2lux)' and the dark area z〇neffi (money? iux) very close. Therefore, it is quite difficult to comply with such international norms and requirements. European low beam is the highest level of technology in lighting design, including several types of lights and domestic manufacturers still do not have enough technology to overcome their requirements. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a projection type lamp having a multi-elliptical equation design of a mirror surface to produce a (1) 1261097 point equation, the equations of which are: horizontal section: Vertical section:
( (Z~axfb\ bY (2) 其中α、6分別為長軸與短軸之半長β兩剖面第一個焦 點相距卜2cx，其中焦距ί = ，所以处知”〜料广 藉此使兩剖面為不同形狀之橢圓。((Z~axfb\ bY (2) where α and 6 are the half-length of the long axis and the short axis, respectively. The first focus of the two sections is 2cx, where the focal length ί = , so it is known that The two sections are ovals of different shapes.
而橢圓的第二個焦點應為投射透鏡之焦點位置， 橢圓的第二個焦點位置應相同，即 七+^=々+心=常數 另外，本發明之長軸漸變方程式： (3) c{0) = ax cos2 θ+αγ sin2 θ 亦應滿足方程式(3)，所以 (4)The second focus of the ellipse should be the focus position of the projection lens, and the second focus position of the ellipse should be the same, that is, seven +^=々+heart=constant. In addition, the long-axis gradual equation of the present invention: (3) c{ 0) = ax cos2 θ+αγ sin2 θ should also satisfy equation (3), so (4)
如+制=七+(^=常數 (5) 而半短軸長與角度的關係式如下之推導： b{0)=」α2 (Θ) - c2 (Θ)=^ (α{θ)+c(e)pa(e) - (〇[θ)+c(/9))] ⑹ =^~(ax +cx)^6)-{ax^cx\ 藉由上述方程式之說明可知橢圓的軸長與焦距皆非固 定之常數，而是隨光軸截面上之角度而改變的變焦與變軸 1261097 請參閱第ίο圖所示，為具遮光片遮擋之光形示意圖。投 射燈藉由遮光片13之設置，將可產生如第10圖所示之光 形。該遮光片13可參閱第11圖所示，一邊成水平設置， 另一邊為向下傾斜15度之設計。經實際測試之結果發現， 其實際配光僅得13度，與所需之15度顯然有相當差距。 因實際之燈絲有一定之厚度（直徑），所以在反射鏡12 之任意反射面與燈泡11前後之夾角便不同，造成影像前後 大小不同，而使實際配光僅得13度之缺點。 為此，本發明之遮光片13其一邊向下之傾斜角採用 Over-Shoot之設計，即：將一邊向下之傾斜角設計成17度 即可達到所要之結果，而使傾斜角具有最佳化之設計。 請再參閱第12圖所示，係一般球面透鏡之像差示意 圖。具有相當厚度之球面透鏡作為投射透鏡14時，其平行 光束無法聚集於一點，造成如第12圖之像差現象，當然也 會因此造成光形之改變，產生不是所需要之光形。 請參閱第13圖所示，係非球面透鏡之幾何外型與聚焦 情形之示意圖。從該圖示可知，非球面透鏡可以使平行: 束有效聚集於一點。非球面透鏡為該鏡片的曲面與通過軸 心之橫斷面交集為雙曲線、拋物線、或橢圓多項式曲線、 甚至是更複雜之曲線。這些不同之曲線並不是每一個均恰 當作為非球面透鏡之形狀，經發明人再三研究提供一種^ 新的4次曲面方程式具有最佳之形狀，該4次曲面方程式為： Z^ + C〇e/XW ⑻ 1261097 【圖式簡單說明】 為讓本發明之上述和其他目的、特徵、優點與實施例 能更明顯易懂，所附圖式之詳細說明如下： 第1圖是投射式頭燈之光學系統圖。 第2圖係投射式頭燈之立體分解示意圖。 第3圖係歐洲檢驗法規所要求之光型圖。 第4圖繪不依照本發明一較佳實施例的一種反射鏡的 水平剖面與垂直剖面的幾何參數示意圖。 第5圖係繪示依照本發明另一較佳實施例的一種不同 之Θ角度對應之不同軸長叫0 )示意圖。 第6圖係繪示依照本發明d==〇時反射鏡為光軸對稱之 曲面，將會產生±16。旋轉對稱的光形示意圖。 第7圖係繪示依照本發明d=〇5mm時反射鏡為非光轴 對稱之曲面，將會產生略為擴大之非旋轉對稱的光形示意 圖。 第8圖係繪示依照本發明d=1〇mm時反射鏡為非光軸 對稱之曲面，將會產生更為擴大之非旋轉對稱的光形示意 圖。 第9圖係繪示依照本發明d=1_5mm時反射鏡為非光軸 對稱之曲面，將會產生上下±13。、左右±2〇。之扁平光形示意 圖。 第10圖係繪示具遮光片遮擋之光形示意圖。 第11圖係繪示本發明之遮光片傾斜角示意圖。 14 1261097 第12圖係一般球面透鏡之像差示意圖。 第13圖係繪示本發明之非球面透鏡之幾何外型與聚焦 情形之示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 :投射式頭燈 11 :燈泡 12 :反射鏡 14 :投射透鏡 22 :垂直橢圓焦點 13 :遮光片 21 ·水平擴圓焦點For example, + system = seven + (^ = constant (5) and the relationship between the length of the semi-short axis and the angle is as follows: b{0) = "α2 (Θ) - c2 (Θ) = ^ (α{θ) + c(e)pa(e) - (〇[θ)+c(/9))] (6) =^~(ax +cx)^6)-{ax^cx\ The axis of the ellipse is known by the above equation The length and the focal length are not constant constants, but the zoom and the variable axis 1261097 which changes with the angle of the optical axis section. See the figure ίο, which is a light-shade diagram with a light shielding film. By the arrangement of the light shielding sheet 13, the projection lamp will produce a light shape as shown in Fig. 10. The light shielding sheet 13 can be arranged horizontally on one side and 15 degrees downwardly on the other side as shown in Fig. 11. The actual test results show that the actual light distribution is only 13 degrees, which is obviously quite different from the required 15 degrees. Since the actual filament has a certain thickness (diameter), the angle between any reflection surface of the mirror 12 and the front and rear of the bulb 11 is different, resulting in different sizes of the image before and after the image, and the actual light distribution has only 13 degrees. To this end, the light-shielding sheet 13 of the present invention adopts an Over-Shoot design with a downward inclination angle, that is, a downward inclination angle of 17 degrees can be achieved to achieve the desired result, and the inclination angle is optimal. Design. Please refer to Fig. 12 again for a diagram of the aberration of a general spherical lens. When a spherical lens having a considerable thickness is used as the projection lens 14, the parallel beams cannot be concentrated at one point, causing aberrations as shown in Fig. 12, and of course, the light shape is changed to produce a light shape which is not required. See Figure 13 for a schematic representation of the geometry and focus of an aspheric lens. As can be seen from this figure, the aspherical lens can make the parallel: the beam effectively gathers at one point. The aspherical lens is a curved surface of the lens that intersects the cross-section through the axis as a hyperbolic, parabolic, or elliptical polynomial curve, or even a more complex curve. These different curves are not each suitable as the shape of an aspherical lens. The inventors have repeatedly studied to provide a new four-order surface equation with the best shape: Z^ + C〇e BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The above and other objects, features, advantages and embodiments of the present invention will become more <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; Optical system diagram. Figure 2 is a perspective exploded view of the projection headlight. Figure 3 is a light pattern required by European inspection regulations. Figure 4 is a diagram showing geometrical parameters of a horizontal section and a vertical section of a mirror which are not in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 is a schematic view showing a different axis length corresponding to 0) according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a view showing a curved surface of the mirror which is optically symmetrical when d == 〇 according to the present invention, which will produce ±16. A rotationally symmetrical light profile. Fig. 7 is a view showing a non-optical axis symmetrical curved surface of the mirror when d = 〇 5 mm according to the present invention, which will produce a slightly enlarged non-rotationally symmetrical light pattern. Fig. 8 is a view showing a mirror surface which is non-optical axis symmetrical when d = 1 〇 mm according to the present invention, which will produce a more enlarged non-rotationally symmetrical light pattern. Fig. 9 is a view showing a mirror having a non-optical axis symmetry when d = 1 5 mm according to the present invention, which will produce an upper and lower ±13. , about ± 2 左右. A flat light pattern. Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the light shape of the opaque sheet. Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the tilt angle of the light shielding sheet of the present invention. 14 1261097 Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of aberrations of a general spherical lens. Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the geometric appearance and focusing of the aspherical lens of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 1 : Projection headlight 11 : Bulb 12 : Mirror 14 : Projection lens 22 : Vertical elliptical focus 13 : Shading sheet 21 · Horizontal rounding focus
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